EVOLUTIONARY LANDSCAPES Lexi Smaldone Heather Tietz Iryna Volynets Evolutionary Landscapes LA 408/508 School of Architecture and Environment Mary Polites + Ignacio Lopez Buson
1 ANALYSIS - location - topographic data - site - analysis
2 EVO-DEVO - objective - populations - evaluation - highlights
3 GALAPAGOS - objectives - population 1 - population 2 - population 3 - topo deconstruction
4 VR VISUALIZATION - objectives - landscape option 1 - landscape option 2 - landscape option 3
1.0
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ANALYSIS
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1.0
ANALYSIS Location
YACHATS
MARY’S PEAK RAINBOW
Oregon This document analyzes three very different locations within Oregon. The first is at Marys Peak, which is the tallest point in Oregon’s Coast Range. The second is in Rainbow, Oregon, which lies in the Willamette National Forest. The third is in Yachats on the Oregon Coast. The three sites will be analyzed separately before moving on to further analyze one of the sites.
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1.1a
ANALYSIS Mary’s Peak, Oregon
SITE
0.5 miles
Mary’s Peak, Oregon Mary’s Peak is located West Southwest of Corvallis, Oregon. It is the tallest peak in Oregon’s Coast Range mountains, and is the beginning of Mary’s River. The peak sits at 4,098 feet in elevation, towering over the Willamette Valley at near 400 feet in elevation. The site has an extensive trail network and a road that go up to the peak. From the top, several of the volcanoes in the Cascade Range can be seen on a clear day.
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1.1b 1.1
ANALYSIS Rainbow, Oregon
SITE
0.5 miles
Rainbow, Oregon This quarter square mile site is situated in a forested location two miles northwest of Rainbow, Oregon and south of Blue River Lake. To the south winds the McKenzie Highway along the scenic McKenzie River. This site contains interesting topography and is in close proximity to a range of programs: an active gravel mine, the United States Basketball Academy Camp, and HJ Andrews Experimental Forest.
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1.1c
ANALYSIS Yachats, Oregon
0.5 miles SITE
Yachats, Oregon Yachats is the small coastal city along the Oregon coast. The site is located on the edge between the ocean and the ground. It is also the place where Yachats river falls into the ocean. The river divides the site into two parts and flows between Salmon and Barkley Creek. The chosen site is a combination of flat areas and hills. An analysis of the site and further digital manipulations gives a possibility to explore how an integration of natural landforms can change the site characteristics and improves its abilities to resist the climate change and sea level rise. 16 |
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1.2a
ANALYSIS Site Mary’s Peak, Oregon
Site The topography at Mary’s Peak is quite interesting. It doesn’t appear to change too much, most of it sloping in the same direction, but we can see two valley structures within this slope. The change in topography is over 2,000 feet on this small site. The following analysis better determines the characteristics of this site, including elevation, slope, solar radiation, and water runoff.
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0.5 miles
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1.2b 1.2
ANALYSIS Site Rainbow, Oregon
0.5 miles
Site Using Bison, a Grasshopper plugin it is possible to understanding various physical properties of the site. The elevation ranges from 2414 feet at the highest point to 1558 feet at the lowest point. The slope is relatively high with the majority of the site being over 10% in slope. With high elevation and north facing slope, there is a significant amount of radiation on the southern part of the site. Runoffs lead north to Blue River Lake.
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1.2c
ANALYSIS Site Yachats, Oregon
0.5 miles Site The topography of the site shows diversity of forms: it changes from flat area to v-shape form. The Yacahts river flows through the middle of the site and divides to almost two equal parts, which gives a great opportunity for the future flooding analysis. The elevation of the site changes from 0 to 350 feet. The following analysis shows the main characteristics of the site, such as elevation, slope, solar radiation, and water runoff. The flow of the water shows the direction of the river and indicates where it falls to the ocean. 22 |
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1.3a
ANALYSIS Environmental analysis Mary’s Peak, Oregon
Higher Elevation
Elevation
Lower Elevation
Steeper Slope
Slope
Flatter Slope
More Radiation
Solar radiation 24 |
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Less Radiation
Runoffs Lexi Smaldone / Heather Tietz / Iryna Volynets / EVOLUTIONARY LANDSCAPES
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1.3b 1.3
ANALYSIS Environmental analysis Rainbow, Oregon
High Elevation 2414 feet
Elevation
Low Elevation1559 feet
Steep Slope 100%
Slope
Low Slope 0%
High Solar Radation 9
Solar radiation 26 |
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Exposure on 15th of each month Jan-March at 9am, 12pm, 3pm Low Solar Radiation 2
Runoffs
Runoff Length 25 feet Lexi Smaldone / Heather Tietz / Iryna Volynets / EVOLUTIONARY LANDSCAPES
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1.3c
ANALYSIS Environmental analysis Yachats, Oregon
high
Elevation
low
10%
Slope
0%
9
Solar radiation 28 |
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2
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2.0
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EVO-DEVO
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2.1a
EVO-DEVO Objective Location Mary’s Peak, Oregon
Objective The Evo-Devo analysis of Mary’s Peak explores topographic changes to the site. The following four iterations show how changing the number and arrangement of points, the height, and the width dramatically change the landscape. This type of study can help infer how landscapes may change over time.
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0% 32 |
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2.2a
EVO-DEVO Populations Location Mary’s Peak, Oregon
<10% slope area colored for Population 1 1.1 Axon 1.2 Plan Number of Points: 18 Width: 15 Height: 187 Area: 0.48 Ha
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2.1
3.1
4.1
1.2
2.2
3.2
4.2
<10% slope area colored for Population 2 2.1 Axon 2.2 Plan Number of Points: 5 Width: 28 Height: 307 Area: 0.74 Ha
<10% slope area colored for Population 3 3.1 Axon 3.2 Plan Number of Points: 18 Width: 30 Height: 270 Area: 0.14 Ha
<10% slope area colored for Population 4 4.1 Axon 4.2 Plan Number of Points: 30 Width: 50 Height: 230 Area: 0 Ha
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2.1b
EVO-DEVO Objective Location Rainbow, Oregon
Objective Through evolutionary development, it is possible to select certain parameters to develop varying landscapes in a timely manner. Identifying a set number of points and the width and height around them can show how the original site would change. Through this process, it is interesting to take note of which slopes are under 10%, making this site more traversable with increasing flat area.
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10% Slope
0% Slope
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2.2b
EVO-DEVO Populations Location Rainbow, Oregon
1.1
2.1
1.2
<10% slope area colored for Population 1 Axon1.1 Plan1.2 Points: 20 Width: 25 Height: -40 Total hectares under 10% slope: 8.2
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<10% slope area colored for Population 2 Axon2.1 Plan2.2 Points: 20 Width: 50 Height: 60 Total hectares under 10% slope: 5.6
<10% slope area colored for Population 3 Axon 3.1 Plan 3.2 Points: 40 (closely paired from original 20) Width: 30 Height: -100 Total hectares under 10% slope: 4.5
3.1
4.1
3.2
4.2
<10% slope area colored for Population 4 Axon 4.1 Plan 4.2 Points: 40 (closely paired from original 20) Width: 70 Height: 70 Total hectares under 10% slope: 1.3
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2.1c
EVO-DEVO Objective Location Yachats, Oregon
Objective Evo-devo analysis of the Yachats site gives a possibility to explore how an integration of different natural forms changes the topography. In this case, the following four options show how the integration of multiple points. The number of inserted points, their width and height was changed with each iteration. The following analysis could be used for a future predictions. It can help to answer questions how the landscape might change and evolve over time. 40 |
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2.2c
EVO-DEVO Populations Location Yachats, Oregon
Population 1 <10% slope colored for Topo 1 Number of Points 15 Width 60 Height 30
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1.1
2.1
3.1
4.1
2.1
2.2
3.2
4.2
Population 2 <10% slope colored for Topo 2 Number of Points 20 Width 90 Height 30
Population 3 <10% slope colored for Topo 3 Number of Points 25 Width 120 Height 40
Population 4 <10% slope colored for Topo 4 Number of Points 30 Width 150 Height 60
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2.3a
EVO-DEVO Evaluation Location Maryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Peak, Oregon
Higher Elevation
Elevation
Lower Elevation
Steeper Slope
Slope
Flatter Slope
More Radiation
Solar radiation 44 |
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Less Radiation
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2.3b
EVO-DEVO Evaluation Location Rainbow, Oregon
Steep Slope 100%
High Elevation 2392 feet
Elevation
Low Elevation 1559 feet
Slope
Low Slope 0%
High Solar Radiation 9
Solar radiation 46 |
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Exposure on 15th of each month Jan-March at 9am, 12pm, 3pm
Low Solar Radiation 2
Runoffs
Runoff Length 25 feet Lexi Smaldone / Heather Tietz / Iryna Volynets / EVOLUTIONARY LANDSCAPES
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2.3c
EVO-DEVO Evaluation Location Yachats, Oregon
high
Elevation
low
10%
Slope
0%
9
Solar radiation 48 |
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2.4a
EVO-DEVO Highlights Location Maryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Peak, Oregon
1
3
1. Population 3 Perspective 2. Population 2 Plan 3. Population 3 Plan 4. Population 4 Plan 5. Population 4 Perspective 2 50 |
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2.4b
EVO-DEVO Highlights Location Rainbow, Oregon
1
3
1. Perspective close up of crater with pair 2. Perspective view on steep slope 3. Perspective showing valley towards Blue River Lake 4. Plan view showing paired craters 5. Perspective showing impact of paired points
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2.4c
EVO-DEVO Highlights Location Yachats, Oregon
1
3
Perspectives
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3.0
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GALAPAGOS
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3.1.1
GALAPAGOS Population 1. Slope analysis, Yachats, Oregon
Objective Using Galopagos, a plug-in for Grasshopper, certain parameters such as count of points, width, and height are rapidly fed into the program as it develops new populations crossbreeding this information. In this example, new slope iterations were generated exploring slope under 12% to generate a series of populations. The best, worst, and two middle outcomes were selected to create improved landscapes for the outcomes of planting and accessibility goals. 58 |
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3.1.2
GALAPAGOS Population 1. Slope analysis, Yachats, Oregon
Worst Slope Genome 1.1 Axon 1.2 Plan Count/Seed: 73 Width: 66 Height: 35
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1.1
2.1
3.1
4.1
1.2
2.2
3.2
4.2
Random Slope 1 Genome 2.1 Axon 2.2 Plan Count/Seed: 9 Width: 6 Height: -35
Random Slope 2 Genome 3.1 Axon 3.2 Plan Count/Seed: 68 Width: 82 Height: 36
Best Slope Genome 4.1 Axon 4.2 Plan Count/Seed: 71 Width: 66 Height: 35
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3.2.1
GALAPAGOS Population 2. Water run off, Yachats, Oregon
Objective The following analysis explores the evolution of the Yachats landscape in terms of the water run off. The four iterations show the best, two middle, and the worst case scenario for the watershed. The goal of the analysis was to identify areas and shapes that will help to minimize the water run off on the site. There were three components that were changing in the definition: seed count, width, and height.
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3.2.2
GALAPAGOS Population 2. Water run off, Yachats, Oregon
Worst Slope Genome 1.1 Axon 2.1 Plan Count Seed 94 Width 47 Height 157
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1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
Best Slope 2 Genome 1.3 Axon 2.3 Plan Count Seed 73 Width 35 Height -23
Random Slope 1 Genome 1.2 Axon 2.2 Plan Count Seed 90 Width 81 Height 105
Best Slope Genome 1.4 Axon 2.4 Plan Count Seed 24 Width 13 Height -14
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3.3.1
GALAPAGOS Population 3. Solar Analysis, Yachats, Oregon
Objective The following analysis explores the evolution of the Yachats landscape in terms of solar radiation. The four iterations show four scenarios from the worst to the best, with two random selections from the middle. The goal of the analysis was to identify areas and shapes that will help reduce solar radiation and create shade pockets. The three genomes that changed were seed count, width, and height.
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3.3.2
GALAPAGOS Population 3. Solar Analysis, Yachats, Oregon
Genome 1: Worst Solar Radiation 1.1 Axon 1.2 Plan Count Seed: 36 Width: 132 Height: 30
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1.1
2.1
3.1
4.1
1.2
2.2
3.2
4.2
Genome 2: Random Solar Radiation 2.1 Axon 2.2 Plan Count Seed: 26 Width: 130 Height: 148
Genome 3: Random Solar Radiation 3.1 Axon 3.2 Plan Count Seed: 75 Width: 82 Height: 196
Genome 4: Best Solar Radiation 4.1 Axon 4.2 Plan Count Seed: 75 Width: 160 Height: 197
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3.6
GALAPAGOS Topo deconstruction
Slope: 0-21 Degrees
Slope: 21-41 Degrees
Slope: 41-51 Degrees
Slope: 51-90 Degrees
In Grasshopper, using the Weaverbird plug-in, we deconstructed the best solar landscape resulting from the Galopagus populations from the Yachats, Oregon site and separated the site into new slope classes. We increased the mesh of the topography for greater definition and divided the slope into four different classes (0-21, 21-41, 41-51, and 5190 degrees). Separating the slope into classes before importing the work in Twin Motion gives a foundation and insight into how programming for the landscape and planting schemes could look. 70 |
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4.0
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VR VISUALIZATION
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4.0
VR VISUALIZATION Landscape Option 1
Objective The following analysis explores the evolution of the Yachats landscape. The landscape is considered as a green oasis. It shows the variety of vegetation and seasonal changes.The landscape is covered with different types of grasses, wild flowers, and trees. Visitors of the site will be able to see European Birch, Austrian Pine, and English Yew. The landscape is slightly rocky. Birds that are flying around give this landscape even more pristine feeling.
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4.1
VR VISUALIZATION Axons
1
3
Topography without vegetation
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Topography with vegetation
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4.2
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VR VISUALIZATION Perspectives
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4.3
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VR VISUALIZATION Perspectives
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4.4
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VR VISUALIZATION Perspectives
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4.5
VR VISUALIZATION Perspectives
1
3
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4.0b
VR VISUALIZATION Landscape Option 2
Objective The same deconstructed topopography is used again in this visualization study. Here, the landscape has valleys full of meadows and prairie, and the mountains are lush with evergreen trees. The landscape is located just outside of a Pacific Northwest city, and sees lots of rain and fog in the fall season. The fall is the focus on this landscape option, highlighting the Pacific Northwestâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s vibrant green and yellow fall colors. This landscape is intended to be an escape into the fairytale forest. 86 |
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4.1b
VR VISUALIZATION Landscape Option 2 Axons
Topography without vegetation
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4.2b
VR VISUALIZATION Landscape Option 2: Spring
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4.3b
VR VISUALIZATION Option 2 Fall
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4.4b
VR VISUALIZATION Landscape Option 2: Winter
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4.5b
VR VISUALIZATION Landscape Option 2: Fall Highlights
1
3
1. Dreamy Render 2. Seasonal Creek Render 3. Rolling Hills Render 4. Nature Hike Render 5. Walking the Dog Render 2 96 |
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4.0c
VR VISUALIZATION Landscape Option 3
This is the third visualization study from the optimized solar study of Yachats, Oregon. This landscape makes accessible the lower slopes for enjoyment and recreation for visitors. Smaller, low growing vegetation line the low slope areas to maximize use for its users. With increasing slopes, longer grasses and a greater mixture of coniferous and deciduous trees grow. Rocky outcroppings line the steepest slopes. This is an example of a ecologically-rich landscape that shows interest and accessibility for all seasons. 98 |
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4.1c
VR VISUALIZATION Landscape Option 3 Axons
Topography without vegetation
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4.2c
VR VISUALIZATION Landscape Option 3: Summer
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4.3c
VR VISUALIZATION Landscape Option 3: Fall
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4.4c
VR VISUALIZATION Landscape Option 3: Winter
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4.5c
VR VISUALIZATION Landscape Option 3: Winter Highlights
1
3
Perspectives of people enjoying places in the landscape within the 0-21 degree slope range during winter.
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4.6
VR VISUALIZATION Evolutionary tree
ORIGINAL TOPOGRAPHY
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GENERATION 1 (slope)
GENERATION 2 (water)
GENERATION 3 (solar)
SEGMENTATION (water)
FINAL LANDSCAPE
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5.0
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CREDITS
Lexi Smaldone
Heather Tietz
Iryna Volynets
Lexi Smaldone is in her third year of the Master of Landscape Architecture program at the University of Oregon. Although she was initially interested in Civil Engineering for her undergraduate degree, her interests have since shifted to urban design and the design of public spaces. Lexi is primarily interested in the different ways that people use public space, and her current focus is on gender inclusive street design and is studying the female perception of streets in Eugene, Oregon. She came to Eugene from Long Island, New York for her graduate studies. After completing her studies, Lexi plans to return to her roots on the East Coast to practice landscape architecture. Lexi has had experience in working in both a civil engineering and a landscape architecture firm, as well as working for a design-build landscape contracting company.
Heather is currently studying in the Master of Landscape Architecture program at the University of Oregon. During her undergraduate studies at St. Olaf College, she studied Studio Art. While working at the Walker Art Center and Minneapolis Institute of Art, she created ceramic work at the Northern Clay Center. Through recent study in the Minnesota New Institute for Ceramic Education (MN NICE) program in Minneapolis, Minnesota, she deepened her interest in ceramics working on larger scales, integrating plant-based admixtures, and exploring clay as a growing medium. This work inspired Heather to return to landscape architecture and explore the possibilities of investigating ceramics and biota in landscape applications for the enhancing ecological health in the urban environment. Heather has had recent experience interning at Ian White Associates Landscape Architects in Scotland, FalonLand Studio in Houston, and is currently interning at the Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art through the Laurel Award.
Iryna is a second-year PhD student in the landscape architecture, her interest lies at the intersection of building and landscape with a focus on the potential of landform architecture to open up new relationships between nature and architecture. Iryna is a practicing architect, owner of Volynets architectural bureau, and co-owner of MIstudio in Ukraine. At this moment of professional development, Iryna has decided to contribute to the development of landform architecture theory and bring these values to the academic environment as a practitioner. Iryna was a Visiting Faculty and taught a design studio in the Department of Landscape Architecture this spring and a graduate studio and seminar in the Department of Architecture this summer. After completing her PhD, Iryna plans to proceed with her practice and bring the research outcomes to real design. She also hopes to explore landform architecture bringing it to the new level and make its influence on the future of the global environment.
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Evolutionary Landscapes LA 408/508 School of Architecture and Environment Mary Polites + Ignacio Lopez Buson
Evolutionary Landscapes LA 408/508 School of Architecture and Environment Mary Polites + Ignacio Lopez Buson