What are Human Rights (HR)?
HR: The rights you have simply because you are human. Human rights are based on the principle of respect for the individual. Their fundamental assumption is that each person is a moral and rational being who deserves to be treated with dignity. They are called human rights because they are universal. Whereas nations or specialized groups enjoy specific rights that apply only to them, human rights are the rights to which everyone is entitled—no matter who they are or where they live—simply because they are alive. (The United for Human Rights) See: http://www.humanrights.com/home.html
NAME: Che Guevara Date of birth : 14 June 1828 Place of birth: Argentine Date of death: 9 October 1967 Occupation: Politician
Ernesto Guevara de la Serna was a politician, journalist, writer and argentine doctor. He was one of the commanders who led the Cuban Revolution, which led to a new political regime in the country, and he was also involved in the reorganization of the political state of Cuba. Guevara was an important world figure, representing the fight against social injustice and corruption.
NAME: Thomas Clarkson Date of birth :28 March 1760 Place of birth: Wisbech UK Date of death: 26 August 1846 Occupation: Civil Rights Activist
Thomas Clarkson was a leading campaigner against the slave trade and the slavery in Britain and the British Empire. He founds a Committee for the Abolition of the African Slave Trade to help to persuade the member of the parliament to take up the abolition cause. He devoted his time and energy to travelling around Britain, particularly to the ports of Liverpool and Bristol, gathering evidence about the slave trade from eyewitnesses, especially from sailors who had worked on slave trading ships. After years of hard work, in 1833, parliament passed the Slavery Abolition Act, which gave all slaves in the British empire their freedom.
NAME: Anne Frank Date of birth : 12 June 1929 Place of birth: Germany Date of death: March 1945 Occupation: Student
Anne Frank was a German-Jewish teenager who was forced to go into hiding during the Holocaust. She and her family, spent over two years during World War II hiding in an annex of rooms above her father’s office in Amsterdam, because they were persecuted by the Nazi army. Since it was first published in 1947,Anne Frank’s diary, that she wrote when she was hidden, has become one of the most powerful memoirs of the Holocaust. Its message of courage and hope in the face of adversity has reached millions of people. After being betrayed to the Nazis, Anne and her family were arrested and deported to Nazi concentration camps. In March of 1945, seven months after she was arrested, Anne Frank died of typhus at Bergen-Belsen. She was fifteen years old.
NAME:
Michael Collins
Date of birth : 16 October 1890 Place of birth: Cork , Ireland Date of death: 22 August 1922 Occupation: Irish revolutionary leader, Minister for Finance, Soldier
Michael Collins was prominent in the struggle for Irish independence in the early of 20th century. He agreed to the partition of Ireland and the creation of the Irish Free State, becoming leader of its provisional government. Collins is most famous for his leadership of the republican military campaign against Britain (the War of Independence) through the Irish Republican Army (IRA). He is a hero to the Irish people because without him Ireland couldn’t be an independent country.
NAME: Rita Levi Montalcini Date of birth22: April 1909 Place of birth: Turin, Italy Date of death:30 December 2012 Occupation: Neurobiological Scientist
Levi-Montalcini lost her assistant position in the anatomy department after a 1938 law was passed, barring Jews from university positions. During World War II, Levi-Montalcini would conduct experiments from a home laboratory, studying the growth of nerve fibers in chicken embryos, which laid the groundwork for much of her later research. She described this experience decades later in the science documentary film Death by Design/The Life and Times of Life and Times (1997).
NAME: Malala Yousafzai Date of birth : 12 July 1997 Place of birth: Mingora, Pakistan Occupation: Student Prize(s): Nobel Peace Prize in 2014
Malala was awarded with the Nobel Peace Prize 2014 because she fought for the right of all children to education, mainly girls and for the emancipation of all women. She is an advocate for a million of girls in the world being denied a formal education due to social, economic, legal and political factors. She wrote a book called “I am Malala� where we can see her courage to fight for human rights. Malala is the youngest person ever to be nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize. She was shot in her head by the Talibans while she was in the school bus. We think that her strength and her determination are a source of inspiration for all who seek justice and equal rights.
NAME: Lech Wałęsa Date of birth : 29 September 1943 Place of birth: Popowo, Poland Occupation: Polish politician, trade-union organizer and human rights activist. Prize(s) : The Nobel Peace Prize (1983); Liberty Prize(1989); Philadeplhia Libery Prize
He is a humanitarian and a co founder of “Solidarity”, the Soviet’s bloc’s first independent union and was appointed its first chairman. The prime objective of the organization was to secure worker’s rights including the right to strike and to organize their own independent unions for which Walesa, along with this colleagues and co workers, organized and led the free non-communist trade unions and gained support from across the country.
NAME: Aristides de Sousa Mendes Date of birth : 19-07-1885 Place of birth: Cabanas de Viriato, Carregal do Sal, Viseu,
Portugal
Date of death: 03-04-1954 Occupation: Consul in Brazil, the U.S.A, Spain, Luxembourg,
Belgium and in France. Prize(s): Title of “Fair among the Nations” Contribution to securing Human Rights:
Aristides went to Bordeaux, in 1938, against his will. The Second World War started the year after and Salazar supports Hitler, to spare Portugal from a hypothetical Nazi invasion and immediately forbid the concession of entry visas to Jews. In practice, no Portuguese diplomat was allowed the concession of visas, but Aristides de Sousa Mendes noticed that the Jews were being sent, by the Nazis, to concentration camps, where they were killed, and so he decided to grant about 30 000 entry visas to allow them flee from the occupied France to seek refuge in Portugal. When Salazar became aware of what had been done secretly, he immediately fired Aristides S. Mendes and he returned to his parents’ home where he ended up dying. For many Aristides de Sousa Mendes’ is probably considered the biggest rescue action done by an only person during the Holocaust. Aristides’s gesture saved more than thirty thousand lives and honored our country. He was a man that did all he could and everything that didn’t seem to be within his reach in order to secure others the right to life, no matter their race or social status. He was a fair and solidary man, a Portuguese symbol in the defense of the human rights and because of that he should never be forgotten. To Aristides de Sousa Mendes we owe the values of generosity, fraternity and loyalty towards our neighbour.
NAME: Andrei Sakharov Date of birth : 21 May 1921 Place of birth: Moscow, Russia Date of death: 14 December 1989 Occupation: Soviet nuclear physicist Prize(s): Nobel Peace Prize in 1975
Andrei Sakharov invented the Soviet hydrogen bomb. However, worried about the consequences of his work for the future of mankind, he tried to raise awareness towards the danger of nuclear weapons. And so, in 1963, he signed the Treaty against Nuclear Testing. Consequently, in 1975, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, as a recognition for his role in the fight against fanaticism and oppression, and for his opposition to the abuse of power. In his honor, the Sakharov Prize, which rewards people who defend human rights and freedom of expression, was created in 1968.
NAME: Nelson Mandela Date of birth : 18 July 1918 Place of birth: Transkei, South Africa Date of death: 5 December 2013 Occupation: Lawyer Prize(s): Nobel Peace Prize in 1993
He received the Nobel Peace Prize for his contribution to the peaceful end of the apartheid regime in South Africa. He contributed a lot for the promotion of the human rights and he fought to install democracy in his country, he wanted to give freedom to all people. Mandela was arrested during 27 years for his opposition to the regime that wanted to separate black people of white people in South Africa. Despite terrible provocation he was subjected to after his liberation, he never answered racism with racism. His life is an inspiration to all who are oppressed and deprived from the universal rights.
NAME: Adolfo Suarez Date of birth : 25 September 1932 Place of birth: Cerberos, Spain Date of death: 23 of March 2014 Occupation: President of Spain
Adolfo Suarez was born on September 25, 1932 in ﾃ」ila, Cerberos, and was an important politician in Spain. He held the position of Chairman of the Spanish government from 1976 to 1981, and he was the first democratic president after the dictatorship of General Franco. Adolfo Suﾃ｡rez was very important in Spanish political history, and therefore received the Duke of Suﾃ｡rez title granted by the king, for his role in the transition of dictatorship to a democratical government.
NAME: Mustafa Kemal Date of birth : 1881 Place of birth: Selanik, Greece Date of death: 10 November 1938 Occupation: Army officer, revolutionary statesman and founder of the Republic of Turkey Mustafa Kemal was an army officer, revolutionary statesman, and founder of the Republic of Turkey, as well as its first president. He led the Turkish National Movement in the War of the Turkish Independence, and defeated the Triple Entente, which ensured the liberation of the country and the proclamation of the republic. As the first president of Turkey, Mustafa Kemal created a program of political, economic and cultural reforms.
Name: Marisa, Micaela and Paula School: Escola Secundária Frei Rosa Viterbo Country: Portugal An outcome of the collaboration of LH Etwinning project partners: Tiago Pais, Fábio Ortega, Joseph Miller, Diego Sumberac e Toni Skira, Halil Tasdemir, Joey Cheevers, Agata Pachciarek, Justyna Dąbrowska e Sabina Doroszczyk, Sieb Enthoven, Alan Fioratti, Giovanni Salvò e Alex Rossi, Salomé J.K , Lucía G.C e ana belén p.s-f , Cameron Dent.