Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center (Graduation Project Book)

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Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center

Introduction

During the past decades, Egypt urbanization has been developed day by day, and the urban sprawl has covered a huge area of the country land after it was limited in the Upper Egypt.

This research is investigating about the development in one of Upper Egypt governorates, specifically in Beni Suef. In this research is discussing Beni Suef situation and how that is reflected on architecture and urban development, going through a lot of urban analysis, and site survey, and discussing the opportunity to take advantage of the medicinal and aromatic agriculture that is frequently available over there by doing a research center that can help developing this resource.

Beni Suef city is one of the famous cities in Egypt, that was well Known for its medicinal and aromatic agriculture, that was an attracting point that pulled our sights towards it to choose it as a study area.

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Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center Content

Chapter 01: Preface To Upper Egypt & Beni Suef. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.1. General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.2. Historical Back Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.2.1. Time Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 02: Literature review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.1. List Of General Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.2. Opportunities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.3. Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.3.1. Problem Statment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.3.. List Of Related Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.4. Project Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.4.1. Mission Statment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.4.2. Project Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.5. Location Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 03: Beni Suef Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.1. Social Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.2. Urban Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.2.1. Accessibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.2.2. Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.2.3. Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.2.4. Building conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.2.5. Building heights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.2.6. Solid & Void . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.2.7. Skyline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 04: Design Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.1. Environmental Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.2. Interaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.3. Olfactory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.4. Visibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.5. Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.6. Comfort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.7. Energy Efeciency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.8. Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 16 18 19 25 26 26 28 29 29 29 29 29 30 32 33 36 36 38 40 41 42 43 44 46 47 49 50 52 54 56 59 60

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Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center

Chapter 05: Case Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

5.1. Local . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

5.2. Regional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

5.3. International . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Chapter 06: Site Selection (3 proposals) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

5.1. Site Selection Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

5.1.1. Sites Comparison. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

5.3. Site Selection.

5.3.1. Environmental Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

5.3.2. Urban Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Chapter 07: Project Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

6.1. Program Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

6.2. Design Guide Lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

6.3. Equipments Requirments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Chapter 08: Sustainability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

7.1. Environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

7.2. Social. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

7.3. Economic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Chapter 09: Concepts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center

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List Of Figures

CH. 01:

Fig.01 - 01 : Map of Egypt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.02 - 01 : Map of Governorates of Egypt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.03 - 01 : Beni Suef location from Cairo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.04 - 01 : Beni Suef main centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.05 - 01 : Midum Pyramid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.06 - 01 : TimeLine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.07 - 01 : A Coffin of Granite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.08 - 01 : Midum Pyramid ..............................................

Fig.09 - 01 : Book of the Psalms of the . . .Prophet . . . . . . Dawood ..............................

Fig.10 - 01 : Bronze jug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.11 - 01 : agricultural in beni suef, ...................................

16 16 17 17 18 19 20 20 21 22 23

Fig.01 - 02: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants ......................................

Fig.02 - 02: Egypt - Upper Egypt - Beni . . .Suef . . . .- .New . . . . Beni . . . . Suef ......................

28 30

Fig.01 - 03 : Egypt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.02 - 03 : Accessebility Of Beni Suef .......................................

Fig.03 - 03 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, . . . .Street . . . . .Hierarchy .............................

Fig.04 - 03 : Streets Network Percentages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.05 - 03 : University of Beni Suef. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.06 - 03 : University of Beni Suef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.08 - 03 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, Landuse ...............................

Fig.09 - 03 : University of Beni Suef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.10 - 03 : School, New Beni Suef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.11 - 03 : Mousqe, New Beni Suef ........................................

Fig.12 - 03 : Bank, New Beni Suef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.13- 03 : Building Heights Percentages .....................................

Fig.14 - 03 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, .Building . . . . . . . Conditions ...........................

Fig.15- 03 : Building Conditions Percentages ..................................

Fig.16 - 03 : Building in Good Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.17 - 03 : Building in Moderate Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.18 - 03 : Building in Bad Condition .........................................

Fig.19 - 03 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, . . . . .Building . . . . . . . Heights ...........................

Fig.20 - 03 :Building Heights 5-7 Floors .......................................

Fig.21 - 03 : Building Heights 3-4 Floors .......................................

Fig.22 - 03 : Building Heights Percentages .......................................

Fig.23 - 03 : Building Heights 1-2 Floors ......................................

Fig.24 - 03 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, . . . .Solid . . . .& . . Void ............................

36 36 37 37 37 37 40 40 40 40 40 40 41 41 41 41 41 42 42 42 42 42 43

CH. 02: CH. 03:

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center

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Fig.25 - 03 : Solid & Void Percentages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.26 - 03 : Old Beni Suef. Skyline ..............................................

Fig.27 - 03 : Old. .Beni . . . . Suef . . . . Skyline ..............................................

Fig.28 - 03 : Old Beni Suef Skyline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.29 - 03 : Old Beni Suef Skyline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.30 - 03 Skyline Cone of Vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

43 44 44 44 44 44

Fig.01 - 04 : Green houses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.02 - 04 : Green roof in Nihon Sekkei Takenaka Corporation - Fukuoka rooftop gardens, Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.03 - 04 : Energy Efficiency Good Environmrntal Impact. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.04 - 04 : air pollution Bad Environmrntal Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.05 - 04 : water pollution Bad Environmrntal Impact. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.06 - 04 : Users Interact With The Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.07 - 04 : Users Interact With The Building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.08 - 04 : Users Interact With Each Other And Have An Interacttion With The Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.09 - 04: Aromatherapy product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.10 - 04: Swiss Pavilion at the world exhibition in Hanover, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.11 - 04: Vaux le Vicomte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.12 - 04: Mint plant, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.13 - 04: Jasmine plant, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.14 - 04:basil plant, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.15 - 04 : Visibility from difference angel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.16 - 04 : Isovist across local, virtual and remote space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.17 - 04 : visibility for building hieght . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.18- 04 : Visibility between urban . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.19 - 04 : depth of each grid node in the layout. Right: the cross-visibility of ...................... individual exhibits that was manually constructed by the .authors.

Fig.20-04 Examples for KEY ATTRIBUTES OF SECURITY ARCHITECTURE. . . .

Fig.21-04 Swipe readers can be used in combination with keypads for a higher degree of security than either technology could provide on its own. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.22-04 A Biometric Hand Scanner at the Entry to a Biosafety Laboratory. . . . . . . .

Fig.23-04 A Wall-mounted Security Camera in a Laboratory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.24-04 Diagram showing factors affecting human Comfort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.25-04 and 03-04 Showing factors affecting psychological Comfort . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig 25-04 Typical vintelation system in laboratory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig 26-04 special acoustic ceiling systems are required which offer additional sound ........................... insulating properties retrieved from ehs.unc.edu Fig 27-05 Mineral wool sheets for thermal insulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig 28-04 Elements of passive solar design, in a direct gain application,. . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig 29-04 This cross section and photo of laboratories and work stations in Building . . . . . . . . through . . . . . . . double-height ...........

50 of the NIH complex shows how daylighting is. achieved

47

CH. 04:

47 48 48 48 49 49 49 50 50 50 51 51 51 52 52 52 52 53 54 55 55 55 56 56 58 58 59 59 59

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center

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windows,

Fig30-04 Example showing safety considerations including exit signs, fire extinguisher

and emergrncy exit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig 31-04 Hazards and safety features of the Rock Crushing and Grinding Lab at

Boston University—Boston, MA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.32-04 shoeing safety considerations in laboratory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig 33-04 Biohazard Warning Sign Outside a Lab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig 34-04 Centrally-Located Safety Alcove in a Lab Corridor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.35-04 Diagram of Safety in Design process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CH. 05:

Fig.01 - 05: open court of American University in Cairo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.02 - 05: Ancient Egypt map Nile river . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.03 - 05: Concept of American University in Cairo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.04 - 05: AUC research centre ground floor plan scale 1:1000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.05 - 05: AUC research centre plaza level plan scale 1:1000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.06 - 05: AUC research centre Second floor plan scale 1:1000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.07 - 05: AUC research centre Third floor plan scale 1:1000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............

Fig.08 - 05: Entrance of science building of American University in Cairo Fig.09 - 05: Environmental study of American University in Cairo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.10 - 05: wind catcher of American University in Cairo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.11 - 05: shade devices of American University in Cairo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.12 - 05: water feature of American University in Cairo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.13 - 05: Elevations of American University in Cairo Scale1/700 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.14 - 05: KAPSARC layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.15 - 05: KAPSARC Entrance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.16 - 05: Project Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.17 - 05: KAPSARK zoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.18 - 05: KAPSARC ground floor plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.19 - 05: KAPSARC first floor plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.20 - 05: The faceted cells and the skylights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.21 - 05: the central public courtyard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.22 - 05: solar panels located on the shell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.23 - 05: wind catchers in the inner courtyards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.24 - 05: Hexagonal pattern honeycomb structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.25 - 05: The specific arrangement and form of KAPSARC’s buildings contribute tto softening the solid light and warmth of the Riyadh Plateau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.26 - 05 ; SabSabancı University Composite Technology Research and Development Centre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Scale1/250 .......................

Fig.27 - 05: SabSabancı University ground plan zoning Fig.28 - 05: Chart showing . . . . the . . . ratios . . . . .of . . each . . . . zone ................................

Fig.29 - 05: elevation of SabSabancı University Composite Technology Research and Development Centre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.30 - 05: showing the solid and void of the façade .of. .SabSabancı . . . . . . . . . .University, .............

Fig.31 - 05: section showing the division of the functions through the levels ...........

Fig.32 - 05: showing the main elements in the façade of SabSabancı University, ......

Fig.33 - 05: showing the main elements in the façade of SabSabancı University,. . . . .

60 60 61 61 61 62 65 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 69 69 69 70 70 71 71 71 71 72 72 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 75 76 76 76 76 77

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Fig.34 - 05: Main elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.35 - 05: Ground plan zoning Scale1/600 ..................................

Fig.36 - 05: first plan zoning . Scale1/600 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.37 - 05: Ground plan circulation Scale1/650 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.38 - 05: first plan circulation Scale1/650 ...................................

Fig.39 - 05: Ground plan structure Scale1/650 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.40 - 05: first plan structure Scale1/650 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.41 - 05: office climatic section Scale1/250. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.42 - 05: climatic section Scale1/500. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.43 - 05: office plan Scale1/250 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.44 - 05: lab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.45 - 05: green house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.46 - 05: patios. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Scale1/800 ..........................................

Fig.47 - 05: mezzanine section Fig.48 - 05: office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.49 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.50 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.51 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................................

Fig.52 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research. .Center ................................

Fig.53 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center Fig.54 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.55 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.56 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.57 - 05: Diagram illustrates the different project spaces Scale1/1500. . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.58 - 05: Diagram illustrating Technical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.59 - 05: Diagram illustrating the different environmental studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.60 - 05: Diagram illustrating the different environmental studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.61 - 05: Diagram illustrates the circulations in the project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.62 - 05: Bioprocess Innovation Centre, US . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.63 - 05: Bioprocess Innovation Centre, US . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.64 - 05: Laboratory Area, Bioprocess Innovation Centre, US . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.65 - 05: Ground Floor Scale1/800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.66 - 05: Second Floor Scale1/800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.67 - 05: First Floor Scale1/800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.68 - 05: Circulation in Ground Floor Scale1/800. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.69 - 05: Circulation in First Floor Scale1/800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.70 - 05: Circulation in Second Floor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.71 - 05: Sec. 1-1 Vertical Circulation in the Building Scale1/800 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.72 - 05: Sec. 2-2 Horizontal & Vertical Circulation in the Building Scale1/800 .....

Fig.73 - 05: Elevation Scale1/800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.74 - 05: Sec. 1-1 Vertical Circulation in the Building Scale1/800. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.75 - 05: Sec. 2-2 Scale1/800. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.76 - 05: Sec. 2-2 Building masses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.77 - 05: Building Openings ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.78 - 05: Building Openings ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.79 - 05: Building Openings ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

77 77 78 78 78 78 79 79 79 79 79 80 80 80 81 81 81 81 81 81 82 82 82 83 84 84 85 86 86 86 86 86 86 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 88 88 88 89

8

Fig.80 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center .......................

Fig.81 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development . . . . . . . . .Center ......................... . . . . . Plan . . . . Scale1/1250 ................

Fig.82 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center Fig.83 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center Plan. Scale1/1000 ................

Fig.84 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center Internal . . . . . view .............

Fig.85 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center Internal . . . view .............

Fig.86 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center Internal . . . . view ............. . . . . . . . . 1/1200 ......

Fig.87 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center Internal.viewscale Fig.88 - 05: (Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012) ...............

Fig.89 - 05: Zonning (Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012) Scale1/1800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.90 - 05: (structural system,Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.91 - 05: (masses,Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research . . . . Center, . . . . . . 2012) ...........

Fig.92 - 05: (circulation,Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012) Scale1/1800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.93 - 05: (solid&void,Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012) Scale1/1250 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . .Research . . . . . . . Center, . . . . . . .2012) .......

Fig.94 - 05: (solid&void,Spanish-Portuguese Fig.95 - 05: (relation between masses,Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.96 - 05: California Academy of Sciences, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.97 - 05: All the functions laid out around a central courtyard, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.98 - 05: The domes are speckled with a pattern of skylights automated to open and close for ventilation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.99 - 05: All of these design issues became an integral part of the project itself, and helped the museum obtain LEED platinum certification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

89 89 90 90 90 91 91 92 92

. . .of . .the . . .suggested . . . . . . . . 3. .Sites ........

Fig.01 - 06 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, The Location . . .suggested . . . . . . . . Site . . . .1. . . . .

Fig.02 - 06 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, The Location of the . . .suggested . . . . . . . . Sites . . . . .2. . . .

Fig.03 - 06 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, The Location of the . . . . . . . Site . . . .3. . . . .

Fig.04 - 06 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, The Location of the suggested Fig.05 - 06 :Environmental analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.06 - 06 : Site Views. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.07 - 06 : Basemap of Site 1, Street Hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.08 - 06 : 3D Shot of Site 1, Street Hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.09 - 06 : Basemap of Site 1, Landuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig 10 - 06 : Landuse Percentages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.11 - 06 : Basemap of Site 1, Building Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig 12 - 06 : Building in Good Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig 13 - 06 : Building Conditions Percentages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig 14 - 06 : Cemetries existing in moderate condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.15 - 06 : Basemap of Site 1, Building. .Heights .................................

Fig 16 - 06 : Building Heights Percentages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig 17 - 06 : Building Height with 3-4 floors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

99 100 101 102 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 107 107 108 108 108

CH. 06:

92 93 93 93 94 94 94 95 95 95 95

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Fig 18 - 06 : Building Height with 5-7 floors ...................................

Fig.19 - 06 : Basemap of Site 1, Solid & .Void ..................................

Fig.20 - 06 : Solid & Void Percentages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

108 109 109

Fig.01 - 07 : labs shelves & Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.02 - 07 : self-closing door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.03- 07 : wall finishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig. 04 - 07: labs with different furniture .....................................

Fig. 05 - 07: labs with different furniture ........................................

Fig. 06 - 07: labs with different . . furniture ..........................................

Fig. 07 - 07: Sterilization .furniture . . . . . . . plan .......................................

Fig.08 - 07 : Greenhouses dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.09- 07 : Different Greenhouses Design ...................................

Fig.10 - 07 : Greenhouses dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....................................

Fig.11 - 07 : Greenhouses Structure Fig.12 - 07 : Greenhouses component. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.13 - 07 : Nuclear magnetic resonance .spectroscopy . . . . . . . . . . .(NMR . . . . . Machine) ................. .....................................

Fig.14 - 07 : Water Deionization Machine Fig.15 - 07 : Bulk Grinder Machine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......................................

Fig.16- 07 : Grinder Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . (UPLC . . . . . . Machine) ................

Fig.17- 07 : Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography

114 114 115 115 116 116 117 118 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 121

CH. 07:

CH. 08:

.......................................

Fig.01 - 08: Principles of sustainability . . . . . . . . . . .in . .a. research . . . . . . . .center ......................

Fig.02 - 08: Requirments of sustainability

Fig.03 - 08: Medicinal Plants greenhouse, St Catherine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .St . . Catherine ...............................

Fig.04 - 08: Medicinal Plants greenhouse,

Fig.05 - 08: Side view of greenhouse complex of the London Research and

Development Centre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.06 - 08: The Power Plant concept sees rows of plants and produce nourished by

hydroponic system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . isolatedlocations ..........................

Fig.07 - 08: Greenhouses could also be installed in

Fig.08 - 08: Local architecture and design studio removed all the internal walls at

ground level ....................................................

Fig.09 - 08: A double-height space containing seating is set on one side of the ....................................................

greenhouses.

Fig.10 - 08: Two storeys of office space are set on the other side of the row of ....................................................

greenhouses.

Fig.11 - 08: chart showing energy consumption in Egypt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.12 - 08: energy efficiency applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.13 - 08: PHARMACIA BUILDING Q, SKOKIE, ILLINOIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.14 - 08: the perimeter windows contain low-E glazing, as do the special . .skylights. .......

Fig.15 - 08: Training students and fresh graduates in the field of aromatic and medicinal plants. ..................................................

Fig.16 - 08: An employee with medicinal marijuana plants in the flowering room at Tweed INC. in Smith Falls, Ontario, on December 5, 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

124 124 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 128 129 129 130 130 132 132

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Fig.17 - 08: Economic Development Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.18 - 08: all over the world about recycled materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2018) .......................

Fig.19 - 08: local materials in Beni-suef, (eg.kompass, Fig.20 - 08: local materials in Beni-suef (medicine.kau.edu.sa, . . . . . . . . . 2016) .................

Fig.21 - 08: recycle agricultural waste, (cedar-grove., 2018) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.22 - 08: Water recycling in the Middle East, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.23 - 08: MONOLITHIC CULTURAL CENTER IN MEXICO. ,. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.24 - 08: MONOLITHIC CULTURAL CENTER IN MEXICO,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136

Fig.01 - 09: Lecture . . .Hall .................................................. ....................................................

Fig.02 - 09: Green houses Fig.03 - 09: .Labs .........................................................

Fig.04 - 09: Photovoltaic .panels ..............................................

Fig.05 - 09: Ripple Gardens ..................................................

Fig.06 - 09: Windmill .......................................................

Fig.07 - 09: Stormwater management ..........................................

Fig.09 - 09: The location of the project .......................................

Fig.10 - 09: The main axises of accessibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.11 - 09: Defining the mass according to. the . . . axises .............................

Fig.12 - 09: The masses are divided by two spines .............................

Fig.13 - 09: The masses are classified into three . . . .zones ............................

Fig.14 - 09: The masses are -public-private-service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................

Fig.15 - 09: cantilevered greenhouse, green roofs, courtyard Fig.16 - 09: cantilevered greenhouse, . . . . . green . . . . . roofs, . . . . . courtyard ...........................

Fig.17 - 09: Cantilevered open space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.18 - 09: Haus V (smart home. in . . .Unterfohring) .....................................

Fig.22 - 09: Vertical Forest (Bosco Verticale) ................................

Fig.24 - 09: Sketches showing the different zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.25 - 09: Interference in the. masses ..........................................

Fig.26 - 09: Tod international new city. .sales . . . . office ...............................

Fig.27 - 09: section showing climate analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.28 - 09: section and plan showing climate analysis in office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.29 - 09: lap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.30 - 09: green roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.31 - 09: green house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.32 - 09: photovoltic membrane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.34 - 09: photovoltic mesh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.35 - 09: sketch showing main spine concept ...............................

Fig.36 - 09: traning authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.37 - 09: sketch showing green roof concept ...............................

Fig.38 - 09:green roof plan and section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.39 - 09: sketch showing interlocking concept ...............................

Fig.40 - 09: primer lugar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.41 - 09: concept sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.42 - 09: concept sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.43 - 09: concept sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

140 140 140 141 141 141 142 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 144 144 146 147 147 148 151 151 151 151 152 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 158 158 158

CH. 09:

11

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center Fig.44 - 09: concept sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.45 - 09: concept sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.46 - 09: concept sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.47 - 09: (john curtin school, 2013) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.48 - 09: (john curtin school, 2013) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.49 - 09: concept sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.50 - 09: concept sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.51 - 09: (flavour orchards, 2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.52 - 09: concept sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.53 - 09: concept sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.54 - 09: concept sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.55 - 09: (flavour orchards, 2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.56 - 09: (flavour orchards, 2014). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.57 - 09: concept sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.58 - 09: concept sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................................................

Fig.59 - 09: concept. .sketches Fig.60 - 09: the Finnair headquarters car park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.61 - 09: VISTA NORTHWEST (ACCD) COLLEGE LIBRARY. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.62 - 09: grille center with curved façade solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.63 - 09: the grille center of Prisma in Riihimäki. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.64 - 09: the louvers opinings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.65 - 09: louvers details in elevations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.66 - 09: louvers operating techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.67 - 09: intensive roof shown with a rainwater harvesting irrigation system. . .

Fig.68 - 09: how gray water system work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.69 - 09: Beni Suef’s map showing the integration between the Nile and the agriculture lands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.70 - 09: inspiration pictures to greens integrate . . . . . . with . . . . the . . . building. ...................

Fig.71 - 09: project 3D shots showing the integration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.72 - 09: project sketches showing the ramps .and . . . zoning. .........................

Fig.73 - 09: inspiration buildings to hexagonal shape showing the masses and the courtyards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.74 - 09: project sketches showing the idea development ..........................

Fig.75 - 09: buildings roof opinings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.76 - 09: tree leave biomimicry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.77 - 09: inspiration building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.78 - 09: project 3d showing the integrated. blocks. ..............................

Fig.79 - 09: sketches showing the main spin and zoning. ..........................

Fig.80 - 09: Active systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.81 - 09: Passive Solar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.82 - 09: Natural Ventilation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.83 - 09: Saguaru cactus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.84 - 09: Saguaru cactus ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.85 - 09: (MMAA) building in Qatar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.86 - 09: (MMAA) building in Qatar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.87 - 09: Applying sun studies to the selected site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

159 159 159 160 160 160 160 161 161 161 161 162 162 162 162 162 165 165 165 165 166 166 166 167 167 168 168 168 168 169 169 169 169 170 170 170 172 173 173 174 174 174 174 175

12

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center Fig.89 - 09: Saguaro Cactus Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.90 - 09: simulating the grooves and ribs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.91 - 09: saguaro cactus planted in Egypt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.92 - 09: adding the ribs to the masses to provide shading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.93 - 09: Generating the final form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.94 - 09: Wadi sanor cave at Beni Suef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.95 - 09: The . . .final . . . .form . . . .after . . . . adding . . . . . . the . . .ribs ................................

Fig.96 - 09: Generating the final form and. applying . . . . . . . .sun . . .studies ......................

Fig.97 - 09: Generating a. .dynamic . . . . . . . form . . . . with . . . . .climate . . . . . .responsive . . . . . . . . .technologies ...............

Fig.98 - 09: Form generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.99 - 09: Deforming the top of the building to make it as a wind reciever at the north side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.100 - 09: Form generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.101 - 09: Form generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.102 - 09: Form generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.103 - 09: Form generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.104 - 09: Pearl River Tower, china. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.105 - 09: Pearl River Tower, china . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.106 - 09: Green house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.107 - 09: greywater treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.108 - 09: Kinetic facades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.109 - 09: Art school, Singhaphore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.110 - 09: Plants Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.111 - 09: Medicinal Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.112 - 09: Extracting the Building From Nature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .the . . .Building . . . . . . . From . . . . .Nature ................................

Fig.113 - 09: .Extracting Fig.114 - 09: Extracting the Building From Nature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.115 - 09: Integration between the three main zones Sustainable Element), . . . . .

Fig.116 - 09: Extracting the Building From Nature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.117 - 09: Bioprocess Innovation Center, US . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.118 - 09: Bioprocess Innovation Center, US . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.119 - 09: Site context, Beni Suef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.120 - 09: Site context, Beni Suef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.121 - 09: Site context, Beni Suef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.122 - 09: Sustainability Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.123 - 09: Grey Water Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.124 - 09: Walkway shaded by trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.125 - 09: Tree Leave, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.126 - 09: Attractive faรงade in Brisbanes, Australia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.127 - 09: Tree leave Treeswork. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.128 - 09: Tree leaves pattern on faรงade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.129 - 09: Green rof detail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig 130- 09 ANCOUVER CONVENTION . . . . . .CENTRE ................................

Fig.131 - 09: Greenhouse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.132 - 09: Greenhouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fig.133 - 09: Solar panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

176 176 176 176 177 177 177 177 178 178 178 178 178 179 179 179 179 180 180 180 183 183 183 183 184 184 184 184 185 185 185 185 185 186 186 187 187 187 187 187 189 189 190 190 190

13

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center Fig.134 - 09: Kowloon Terminus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Fig.135 - 09: West Kowloon Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Fig.136 - 09: Sketch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Fig.137 - 09: Concept sketch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Fig.138 - 09: The Shenye TaiRan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Fig.139 - 09: Welfare Department and Work Agency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Fig.140 - 09: Ningbo Home of Staff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Fig.141 - 09: The development process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Fig.142 - 09: The development process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Fig.143 - 09: The development process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Fig.144 - 09: The development process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Fig.145 - 09: Medicinal and aromatic plants . . . . . .roots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Fig.146 - 09: The EJ Research & Innovation . . . . . . Magazine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Fig.150 - 09: (/agri.ahram.org.eg,2018) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 Fig.151 - 09: (/agri.ahram.org.eg,2018) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 Fig.152 - 09: (/agri.ahram.org.eg,2018) Fig.153 - 09: Section shown .cone . . . .of . . vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 Fig.154 - 09: plan shown cone of vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 Fig.155 - 09: Shot shown the solid and void of the vision. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 Fig.156 - 09: Sketch shown cone of vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 Fig.157 - 09: Sketch shown cone of vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 Fig.158 - 09: Sketch shown Develop the concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 Fig.159 - 09: Sketch shown 3 main nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 Fig.160 - 09: Sketch shown 3 mainnodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 Fig.161 - 09: Exammple of Smart Energy Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 Fig.162 - 09: Exammple of Smart EnergyMeters Fig.163 - 09: Lotus flowers in the life of the .ancient . . . . . .Egyptian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 Fig.164 - 09: the stages of the .evolution . . . . . . . .of . . the . . .lotus . . . . flower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 Fig.165 - 09: lotus temple in New Delhi, . . . .India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 Fig.166 - 09: Myskectches illustrate . . . the . . . plans . . . . .and . . . masses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 Fig.167 - 09: lotus flower dome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 Fig.168 - 09: mysketch of Inspiration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 Fig.169 - 09: mysketch of concept. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 Fig.170 - 09: Myskectches illustrate the plans and masses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center

14

List Of Tables

Ch. 02:

Table 01 – 02 The temperatures during the year in Beni Suef in 2018,. . . . . . . . . . . . .

27

Table 01 – 03: Mosques & Zawaya (Governmental – Nongovernmental) . . . . . . . . . .

Table 02 – 03: No. of Villages and its Employees by Governorate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 03 – 03: Schools, Classes & Pupils of Pre-University Education . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 04 – 03: Population Estimates by Sex & Governorate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 05 – 03: Population Estimates by Governorate (Urban/Rural) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 06 – 03: No. & Percentage Distribution Egyptians Population By (Urban-Rural) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 07 – 03: % of the Egyptian Population (4 years & more) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 08 – 03: Illiteracy Rate Among Egyptian Population (10 years & more) . . . . .

Table 09 – 03: No. of Egyptians Population (10 years & more) By educational status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 10 – 03: No. of Ordinary Building by Current Usage for Building in Governorates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 11 – 03: Estimates of Labor Force by Sex & Governorate (15 years old and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 12 – 03: Estimates of Employed Persons (15 years old and over) by Sex. . . . . .

Table 13 – 03: Unemployed Persons Estimates (15-64 years) by Sex . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 14 – 03: Estimates of Unemployed Persons (15-64 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33 33 33 33 33

Table 01 - 06 Three Sites Comparison.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

103

Table 01 - 07 Design Programe.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

113

Ch. 03:

Ch. 06: Ch. 07:

34 34 34 34 34 34 35 35 35

15

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center

Chapter

Preface To Upper Egypt & Beni Suef

01

General information Historical background Timeline

Chapter one reviewing Upper Egypt region, highlighting important information about the chosen governorate (Beni Suef), and explaining its situation around the past centuries up until our current date.

16

Chapter 01: Preface To Upper Egypt & Beni Suef

General information Egypt

Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country crossing the upper east corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land associate formed by the Sinai Peninsula.

Egypt is a Mediterranean country outlined by the Gaza Strip and Israel toward the upper east, the Gulf of Aqaba toward the east, the Red Sea toward the east and south, Sudan toward the south, and Libya toward the west.

Fig.01 - 01 : Map of Egypt (/wpmap.org,2000) Over the Gulf of Aqaba lies Jordan, and inverse the Sinai Peninsula lies Saudi Arabia, regardless of the way that Jordan and Saudi Arabia don’t impart a land edge to Egypt. (ancient.eu,2017)

Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country crossing the upper east corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land associate formed by the Sinai Peninsula. Egypt is a Mediterranean country outlined by the Gaza Strip and Israel toward the upper east, the Gulf of Aqaba toward the east, the Red Sea toward the east and south, Sudan toward the south, and Libya toward the west. Over the Gulf of Aqaba lies Jordan, and inverse the Sinai Peninsula lies Saudi Arabia, regardless of the way that Jordan and Saudi Arabia don’t impart a land edge to Egypt. (ancient.eu,2017)

For administrative purposes, Egypt is divided into twenty-seven governorates. Egyptian governorates are the best dimension of the country’s area pecking request. A governorate is controlled by a congressperson, who is assigned by the President of Egypt and serves at the president’s watchfulness. Most governorates have a Population density of more than one thousand for each km², while the three greatest have a masses thickness of under two for each km². (ancient.eu,2017) Upper Egypt Region

AL Giza, Al Fayoum, Beni Suif, Al Menya, Asyut,Suhag, Qina and Luxor. Upper Egypt is the part of land on the opposite sides of the Nile that extends among Nubia and downriver (northwards) to Lower Egypt. Upper Egypt, also called AlSaeed (“The Upland”), it’s geographic and social division of Egypt. Upper Egypt is between the Fig.02 - 01 : Map of Governorates of Egypt (/wpmap.

Cataracts of the Nile above modernday Aswan, org,2000) Beni Suef downriver (northwards) to the locale of El-Ayait, which places ebb and flow Cairo in Lower Egypt. The northern (downriver) some bit of Upper Egypt, among Sohag and El-Ayait, is generally called Middle Egypt. There are Eight governorates in upper Egypt which are (north to south): AL Giza, Al Fayoum, Beni Suif, Al Menya, Asyut, Suhag, Qina and Luxor. (Chauveau,2000, p. 68) (ancient.eu,2017)

17

Chapter 01: Preface To Upper Egypt & Beni Suef General information

Beni Suef

Beni Suef Is one of the imperative governorates in Egypt. This significance shows up as a result of numerous things like, it’s areas along the Nile stream, it’s recorded foundation and the agribusiness regions that demonstrates its relationship building abilities in planting. It is an essential farming exchange Center on the west bank of the Nile River, 70 miles (110 km) south of Cairo.(wikipedia.org) Location

This governorate’s capital is the city of Beni Suef, located around 120 km south of Cairo on the west bank of the Nile River. The domain is extraordinary in Egypt for its sweet-smelling and restorative plants.

The total region of the governorate is 1, 0954 square kilometers, and it is Divided into six centers , which are Alwasiti , Nasser,Beni Suef, Ehnasia,Biba,Somasta and Fashn. It is surrounded toward the north by Giza governorate and Helwan, around the upper east by Suez, at the east by the Red Sea governorate, at the west by Fayoum governorate, Fig.03 - 01 : Beni Suef location from Cairo (beniand toward the south by Minya governorate. This suef.gov.eg,2002) region interfaces the north of Egypt toward the south, and the east toward the west, and this identity of centrality has surrounded the masses, human headway, and money related characters of the region. (benisuef.gov.eg,2002) Population

According to population estimates from 2018 the bigger piece of occupants in the governorate live in nation domains, with a urbanization rate of simply 59.2%. Out of a normal 3,700,000 people living in the governorate, 2,193,871 people live in common domains rather than only 1,506,129 in urban zones. (wikipedia.org) (benisuef. gov.eg,2017) Conclusion

The governorate of Beni Suef is one of the governorates of the «North Upper Egypt» region, located to the south of Greater Cairo in the Nile Valley. Its capital is Beni Suef. It has a major role in archaeological and agricultural. (author,2018)

Fig.04 - 01 : Beni Suef main centers (researchgate. net,2017)

18

Chapter 01: Preface To Upper Egypt & Beni Suef Historical background

Beni Suef center is the capital of the Beni Suef governorate, Beni Suef is an important agricultural center which grew from a small village since the turn of the century and now hosts a population of over 150,000. It is famous for its linen manufacturing in the Middle Ages, and continues to be heavily involved in cotton-spinning and carpet making. Located about 75 miles south of Cairo, the Midum Pyramid is nearby, as is the Fayoum Oasis. (historical location, 2018)

In the 9th and 10th dynasties (c. 2130–c. 1970 BCE), Fig.05 - 01 : Midum Pyramid Hierakonpolis, 10 miles west of the modern city, was (researchgate.net,2017) the capital of kings who ruled Lower and Middle Egypt. During the 1st millennium BCE a Libyan family settled there and gained sovereignty over all of Egypt, founding the 22nd dynasty (c. 950–c. 730 BCE). Later, though losing political importance, it remained an important city. In later centuries Beni Seuf became the chief town of the second province of Upper Egypt, attaining special prominence under the Turkish governor and the autonomous ruler Muhammad ʿAlī (ruled 1805–48). Benī Suef’s industries, mostly agriculturally related, include flour milling, cotton ginning, and textile manufacturing. Alabaster is quarried near the capital. Perennial irrigation water is supplied by the large Baḥr Yūsuf Canal. It is on the main rail line along the Nile; a branch railroad connects it to the Al-Fayyūm oasis complex of agricultural settlements. The oldest mosque, Jāmiʿ al-Baḥr, has a shrine that is locally venerated.

Pop. (2006)193,048. (historical location, 2018) The most interesting aspect of Beni Suef is the Museum. The first floor of the museum is devoted to Pharaonic items such as statues, canopic jars and saarcophagi and various Graeco-Roman items.

Most of these items came from nearby Abusir and Heracleopolis Magna. The second floor is devoted to Coptic and Muslim items which came from the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.

Beni Suef has 7 main centers. Al Wasiti, Nasser, Beni Suef, Ehnasia, Biba, somasta and Fashn. (facts about beni suef, 2018)

19

Chapter 01: Preface To Upper Egypt & Beni Suef Historical background

Timeline

The name of Beni Suef was only recently called during the Pharaonic era. It was called Bovisia, one of the oldest Egyptian holy cities in the Nile Valley, which played a leading role in ancient Egyptian civilization. It was the home of King Nisweet, The northern and southern provinces of Egypt were established by King Mena (Narmer) and were also the capital of the country during the Ninth and the 10th Pharaonic periods (2240-2100 BC). They continued to play this important role during the Greco-Roman times, The banks of the Nile and in the Coptic language were known as “Beni Suef” Arab conquest of Egypt, the name of the skew (Bovisia) to become (Manafisaa), making it easier to pronounce in Arabic. (facts about beni suef, 2018)

In 1527 AD, the name was changed to “Bani Yusuf”, a proportion of the Bedouin Arab tribe that lived in that area. During the French campaign against Egypt under the leadership of Napoleon, Beni Suef became the capital of that region because of its strategic importance. - became (Beni Suef) Directorate in 1858 AD and was the capital city of Beni Suef. (facts about beni suef, 2018)

After the revolution of July 23, 1952, the term “Directorate” was changed to “Governorate” and the modern and contemporary governorate was established, as we know it today, It contains 7 main centers (Al Wasiti – Nasser- Beni Suef – Ehnasia- Biba- Somasta- Fashn). (facts about beni suef, 2018)

Pharaonic Era (2240 BC- 200 AD)

Islamic Era (642-1798 AD)

Christiaan Era (200-642 AD)

New Era (1798-2018AD)

Fig.06 - 01 : TimeLine (Author,2018)

20

Chapter 01: Preface To Upper Egypt & Beni Suef Historical background

.Al Wasiti

is the city of history and one of the capitals of a spiritual nature in all ages. Osiris

brought it to its holy land in Abu Sir and built its land in Midum. King Sinfero is the first

masterpiece of the miracles of immortality in the first architectural process of building

pyramids.

.Nasser

was called in Ancient Egypt (Abbhot).

.Ehnasia

in the period of the ninth and tenth centuries, the city of Egypt was the capital of

Egypt (2242-2452), known as Ahnis.

The area of the archaeological area about 390 acres and contains many of the remains of

the temples and found a wide range of monuments, the most important of which are two

statues of quartz Ramses II.

.Biba

called the center of Biba by this name because it was the seat of the rule of the

sixth family Pharaonic was one of its kings called Pepi I and derived the name of this name.

.Fashn

has been named Shanshen, a name launched by King Shenshin I, one of the kings

of the family 22 and remained in this name until the arrival of the Arabs to Egypt and

called it the name of Fashn.

Fig.07 - 01 : A Coffin of Granite (facts about beni suef, 2018)

Pharaonic Era (2240 BC- 200 AD)

Fig.08 - 01 : Midum Pyramid (facts about beni suef, 2018)

21

Chapter 01: Preface To Upper Egypt & Beni Suef Historical background

.Al Wasiti

center presented the first martyrs of Christianity against the injustice of the

Romans in the monastery of Maymun. It also provided wisdom and led many of the

churches of Egypt to the church of Mary Gerges Church in the desert of Abu Sir.

.Nasser

copts called the name (Bushin).

Fig.09 - 01 : Book of the Psalms of the Prophet Dawood (facts about beni suef, 2018)

Christiaan Era (200-642 AD)

22

Chapter 01: Preface To Upper Egypt & Beni Suef Historical background

.Alwasiti

the center of AlWasiti includes the body of the greatest writers in the history of

the Arabic language Abdul-Hamid writer and granted to the world the greatest praise to

the master of the messengers Al Emam Al-Busiri.

.Nasser

after the Arab Islamic conquest, the Arabs called it (Bush) and then called it

Nasser (Nasser) relative to the late President Gamal Abdel Nasser.

.Ehnasia

the center of Ehansia was established by a decision of the Ministry of the Interior

on 15/11/1944. It was called Ehansia City and the name of the Republican Decree No.

1755 of 1965 was changed to Ahnasia.

Fig.10 - 01 : Bronze jug (facts about beni suef, 2018)

Islamic Era (642-1798 AD)

23

Chapter 01: Preface To Upper Egypt & Beni Suef Historical background

(Beni Suef) became Directorate in 1858 AD and was the capital city of Beni Suef.

After the revolution of July 23, 1952, the term “Directorate� was changed to Governorate.

Since the pharaonic era till now in Beni suef there has been revolution in the agriculture production which now lead Beni sue to the production of medicinal an aromatic plants. (historical location, 2018)

Fig.11 - 01 : agricultural in beni suef, (facts about beni suef, 2018)

New Era (1798-2018AD)

24

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center Conclusion

Midum pyramid is one of historical monuments in Beni Suef that’s reflecting the old pharaonic era. Beni Suef also has been known for its historical production in agriculture, specially the production of flour milling, cotton ginning and texture manufacturing, and the years come by until Beni Suef became the most city in the Upper Egypt region in the production and exporting of the medicinal and aromatic plants.

25

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center

Chapter

Literature review

02

Genral list of Problems opportunities Medicinal and aromatic plants review Chosen Problem Project Selection Location Selection

This chapter will talk about the reasons that makes Beni Suef is the most suitable location for the selected project which is the medicinal and aromatic research center; it also discusses the general problems in Beni Suef and the chosen problem that the research focuses on.

26

Chapter 02: Literature review List Of Genral Problems

-Sewage problems.

-Trespassing over Agricultural lands.

-Lack of Fertilizers.

- Cultivation and Production

problems of the medicinal plants.

-Awareness of Agriculture Land.

opportunities

For more than 30 years, the governorate of Beni Suef has been the leading producer and exporter of aromatic and medicinal plants. The cultivated areas used in the manufacture of medicines, cosmetics and perfumes are over 10,000 acre, which is more than 35% of local production of medicinal & aromatic plants. Beni Suef is known for cultivating (Artemisia, basil, Parsley, coriander, Mint, Geranium).

Dr. Adel Jalal, assistant researcher at the Agricultural Research Center (Giza) said: Beni Suef leads the governorates of the republic in the export of medicinal plants, especially the crop of perfume and waxes, which are famous in Al Wasta and Somosta.

The residents called Somosta the “European Region” for the export of medicinal plants to Europe, especially pomegranate, mint, basil, dill, thyme, parsley and cumin, said Issam Abbas, (one of the exporters of medicinal and aromatic plants).

The governorates of Beni Suef, Fayoum and Menia are among the largest and most important governorates in Egypt and the Middle East in cultivating the medicinal plants. Beni Suef leads the production and export of medical plants.

Beni Suef accounts for 40% of Egypt’s total exports of this type of plant. The governor said that “the province is in the process of implementing some of the initial measures for the establishment of an industrial agricultural city on an area of 70 thousand acres, an integrated agricultural community and the first industrial complex for the production of medicines and cosmetics of medicinal and aromatic plants.

The Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants is one of the most important strengths of the Faculty of Environmental and Biological Agriculture at Beni Suef University. It is a unique and distinguished department at the level of the Egyptian agricultural colleges. It is also important in terms of geography.

The department seeks to be a pioneer in the field of medicinal and aromatic plants as it is the first in the Egyptian universities in this specialization through the preparation of human cadres distinguished scientific and research capable of providing high quality community service through an integrated plan with the departments and programs of the college that are consistent with the vision of the university. (Soliman, 2002)`

27

Chapter 02: Literature review

Egypt is leading the markets of medicinal and aromatic plants globally, which has a trade amount which is about $ 60 billion annually, Egypt is participating as a major exporter of about $ 45 million. (Gouda, 2018)

The cultivated area of medicinal and aromatic plants in Minya governorate reached about 18,797 acre representing about 29.1% of the total cultivated area of medicinal plants in Egypt, the cultivated area of medicinal and aromatic plants in Fayoum governorate reached about 12,337 feddans representing about 19.1% of the total cultivated area of medicinal plants in Egypt, the cultivated area of medicinal and aromatic plants in Asyut governorate reached about 10,801 acre representing about 16.7% of the total cultivated area of medicinal plants in Egypt, while the cultivated area of medicinal and aromatic plants in Beni Suef governorate reached about 6,593 acre representing about10.2 % of the total cultivated area of medicinal plants in Egypt. (Gouda, 2018)

Beni Suef took fourth place as the most productive area for medicinal and aromatic plants, but it’s listed as the most qualified governorate that has the best quality of products and volatile oil in Egypt because of its climate, and the cultivation method they use, without the use of any kind of chemical fertilizers or pesticides. (Gouda, 2018) Table 01 – 02 The temperatures during the year in Beni Suef in 2018, (Climate-data.org, 2018)

According to the future development plans, opportunities and the vision of Egypt 2030, there is a plan to cultivate about 70,000 acre in Beni Suef governorate and that was an opportunities to take advantage of. (Gouda, 2018)

28

Chapter 02: Literature review Medicinal and aromatic plants review

A medical plant is one or more of its various organs containing one or more chemicals with a low or high concentration and physiological ability to treat a particular disease or at least reduce the symptoms of the disease if given to the patient either in its pure form after extraction from the plant material Or if they are used and are still in their first position in the form of fresh, dried or partially extracted vegetable grass. (Public Authority of Agriculture Affairs & fish Resources, 2015) The aromatic plant is defined as a plant that contains one or more of its plant organs or its alterations on volatile aromatic oils, whether in its free form or in another form, which is transformed or degraded into aromatic oils with volatile aroma.

There are many fields where medicinal and aromatic plants can be used. These include:

- Preparation of some drugs such as pain relief joint pain, rheumatism, hypertension, arteriosclerosis and disinfectant.

- Production of fixed oils, where the seeds of some of these plants contain fixed oils involved in the installation of some medical preparations.

- Food processing for the treatment of atherosclerosis and angina. Peaches, flaxseed, sunflower, seed oil of the Hoya. Soap, hair creams,

- Prepare cosmetics such as powders. Jasmine

- Used in the manufacture of fragrances and perfumes and of these rose plants

- the produce of pesticides and it relies upon what is found in ,medicinal and aromatic plants, of dangerous poisons,whether insects or fungi, for example, these plants (Alders and henna and smoke)

- Used as spices, spices, drinks, flavoring or aroma. - Sources for the production of medicinal and aromatic oils.

Fig.01 - 02 : Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Adamantopoulou, 2014)

29

Chapter 02: Literature review

Problem statement:

Beni Suef faces cultivation and production problems of the Medicinal and aromatic plants that affects the agriculture resource consequently it affects the economy.

List of Related Problems:

-Poor quality of product.

-There is no an Agricultural rotation for the medical plants.

-Small cultivated areas.

-Lack of potential for researchers and master students such as equipment and spaces.

-Transferring plants over distances reduces the quality of the active ingredient and the volatile oil.

Projects Tackled the same list of problems:

Multiple Local projects in Egypt dealt with agricultural development related problems

-SEKEM Sustainable development

SEKEM was founded with the idea of sustainable development and giving back to the community.

-Heliopolis University

Heliopolis University strives for conscious Sustainable Development, economic solidarity, social responsibility, and environmental balance in Egypt and the world.(sekem,2018)

Project Selection

Beni suef city tops the list of the agricultural cities in Egypt, one of the most important products distinguishing Beni Suef city and characterizing the identity of the city is the Aromatic Plants. Medicinal and Aromatic plants are major resources for the industry of medical and cosmetic products. The agricultural land in general are facing number of constraints, especially the medicinal plants, so it appears that there is an urgent need to support the scientific research to raise the possibilities and human resources that have the potential to conduct scientific researches related to the field of medicinal plants. The aim of the research is to find radical architectural solutions that provides all the needs and the environment needed for the researches to raise the awareness of the medicinal and aromatic plants, and increasing the production of medicinal plants internationally and locally. And from here we decided to choose the topic of our project which is MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS RESEARCH CENTER. (Author, 2018) Mission statement:

The research center project will contribute to the development plan for 2030.

Project Objectives: - Increasing the production of medicinal plants internationally and locally.

- Raising the awareness of the medicinal and aromatic plants value and the planting wealth in Beni Suef.

- Supporting the field of scientific research globaly to represent Egypt as an effective country in scientific research, and locally in the city of Beni Suef.

- Supporting the studies of Masters, PhD and Higher Diploma students and training university students in various fields of medical and aromatic plant studies. (Author, 2018)

30

Chapter 02: Literature review Location Selection

As it was mentioned in chapter in chapter 2 that Beni Suef accounts 40% of Egypt’s total exports of the medicinal and aromatic plants.So it was the selectef location for such a project.

Beni Suef city is the most suitable location for a medicinal and aromatic plants research center because it’s between wasiti and somasta which are the most productive places of producing medicinal and aromatic plants.

Beni Suef University and AL-Nahda University is in Beni Suef City which is necessary for the project to be next to universities. (Author, 2018)

Fig.02 - 02 : Egypt - Upper Egypt - Beni Suef - New Beni Suef (/gopp.gov.eg , 2018) Illustrated by (Author, 2018)

31

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center Conclusion

For more than 30 years, the governorate of Beni Suef has been the top leading producer and exporter of aromatic and medicinal plants, but because of the low awareness, Beni Suef faces cultivation and production problems of this type of plants, which affect the agriculture resource, and consequently it affects the economy, that’s why we have chosen Beni Suef governorate to develop the scientific research field, and the economy of the Upper Egypt region. (Author, 2018)

32

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center

Chapter

Beni Suef Analysis

03

Social Analysis Urban Analysis Accessibility Context Land Use Building conditions Building heights Solid & Void Skyline

Chapter three discusses the site analysis and its conditions which have been collected after a site visit by the researchers, which conducted to review Beni Suef status, and a collection of data from the residents to summarize social, architecture, and urban situation of the governorate.

33

Chapter 03: Beni Suef Analysis Social Analysis

In this part there will be a discussion about the statistics of the social life of the people in New Beni suef.

This data was gathered by the central agency for public mobilization and statistics.

34

Chapter 03: Beni Suef Analysis Social Analysis

35

Chapter 03: Beni Suef Analysis Social Analysis

36

Chapter 03 : Beni Suef Analysis Urban Analysis of New Beni Suef City

Accessibility

.Location And Geographical Boundaries North: Cairo and Al Fayum governorates South: Al Menia governorate East: Red Sea Governorate West: Giza and Fayum governorates Total area: 10169 sqkm The city of Beni Suef can be accessed through multiple roads:

.Cairo Assiut eastern road 125 km .Cairo Assiut western road 120 km .Al krymat al zaafarana road 190 km .Al krymat Helwan road 126 km .Cairo Assiut agricultural road 122 km .Beni suef Al fayum 45 km .Cairo Aswan railway road .Al wosta Al fayum railway road Fig.01 - 03 : Egypt (/gopp.gov.eg , 2018)

.Beni Suef Accessebility

Fig.02 - 03 : Accessebility Of Beni Suef (Google maps , 2018) Illustrated by (Author, 2018)

37

Chapter 03 : Beni Suef Analysis

Urban Analysis

Street Network In New Beni Suef

.Streets Network In Beni Suef

Fig 00 New Beni Suef streets network retrieved 21/10/2018 from http://www.benisuef.gov.eg

Fig.03 - 03 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, Street Hierarchy (Author, 2018) Scale 1/30000

.Conclusion :

Primary PrimaryStreets Streets(Major (MajorArterial) Arterial)

Secondary street (collector) Secondary street

Local streets Local streets

Semi private streets Semi private streets

(collector)

Fig 00 New Beni Suef streets network retrieved 21/10/2018 from http://www.benisuef.gov.eg

The streets network in the new city is in good condition and have an optimal hierarchy, yet need to be upgraded at some point, for example the pedestrian paths need to be will defined be separated Fig.04 - 03 : and Streetshave Network The streets networkandintothe new city through is in good condition an Percentages optimal (Author, 2018) the private and semi-private streets, also it need hierarchy, need for to be upgraded forStreets example the pedestrian paths Secondary street Primary (Major Arterial) to be made easy andyet pleasant users within at some point, (collector) the subdivisions. need to be will defined and to be separated through the private and semi-private Local streets

streets, also it need to be made easy and pleasant for users within the subdivisions.

Semi private streets

The streets network in the new city is in good condition and have an o

hierarchy, yet need to be upgraded at some point, for example the pedestrian

need to be will defined and to be separated through the private and semi-p

streets, also it need to be made easy and pleasant for users within the subdivision

Fig.05 - 03 : University of Beni Suef (Author, 2018)

Fig.06 - 03 : University of Beni Suef (Author, 2018)

38

Chapter 03 : Beni Suef Analysis

. Context

.Architecture Landmarks

Fig.04 - 03 : Landmarks Of New Beni Suef (Author, 2018)

39

Chapter 03 : Beni Suef Analysis

Urban Analysis

.Conclusion :

The area contains a widely range of landmarks such as Nahda University in the north east side, Beni Suef University at south, and Zeweil Experimental Languages School (as an educational landmarks). There are also 2 large religion landmarks: Great Mosque & Church of Great Sant Mary Mina in the middle of the governorate. As for the commercial zones, there is Shorouq Mall, Waseet Mall, Housing & Construction Bank, Cairo Bank, all of the past commercial landmarks are located in the middle side, in addition of 3 important medical buildings: Peral Hospital, Medical Centre, Regional Blood Bank, and one Hotel: El-Bakry.

40 Chapter 03 : Beni Suef Analysis Land Use

Urban Analysis

Fig.08 - 03 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, Landuse (Author, 2018) Scale 1/30000 Residential Educational: .Conclusion

Religious Administrative

Cultural

Medical

Vacant Land

Commercial

Industrial

Streets

Cemeteries

Utilities

The residential areas have the largest persentage in the land.The services is not balanced enough with dominat residential content.There are many vacant lands that are suitable for development services projects.The agricaltural lands are located along the Nile side.

Fig.09 - 03 : University of Beni Suef (Author, 2018)

Fig.10 - 03 : School, New Beni Suef (Author, 2018)

Fig.11 - 03 : Mousqe, New Beni Suef (Author, 2018)

Fig.12 - 03 : Bank, New Beni Suef (Author, 2018)

Fig.13- 03 : Building Heights Percentages (Author, 2018)

41

Chapter 03 : Beni Suef Analysis

Urban Analysis

Building conditions

Fig.14 - 03 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, Building Conditions (Author, 2018) Scale 1/30000

Good Condition

Moderate Condition

Poor Condition

.Conclusion :

The buildings of the historical district are in a great condition to be part of any touristic plans to show the heritage of old Beni Suef.

Fig.15- 03 : Building Conditions Percentages (Author, 2018) Good Condition

Fig.16 - 03 : Building in Good Condition (Author, 2018)

Fig.17 - 03 : Building in Moderate Condition (Author, 2018)

Moderate Condition

Poor Condition

Fig.18 - 03 : Building in Bad Condition (Author, 2018)

42

Chapter 03 : Beni Suef Analysis

Urban Analysis

Building heights

Fig.19 - 03 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, Building Heights (Author, 2018) Scale 1/30000 Building Heights 1-2 Floors

Building Heights 3-4 Floors

Building Heights 5-7 Floors

.Conclusion:

Buildings with 3-4 floors are the most prevalent in new Beni Suef.

The project should be restricted to the existing building heights

Fig.22 - 03 : Building Heights Percentages (Author, 2018) Fig.20 - 03 :Building Heights 5-7 Floors (Author, 2018)

Fig.21 - 03 : Building Heights 3-4 Floors (Author, 2018)

Fig.23 - 03 : Building Heights 1-2 Floors (Author, 2018)

43

Chapter 03 : Beni Suef Analysis

Urban Analysis

Solid & Void

Fig.24 - 03 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, Solid & Void (Author, 2018) Scale 1/30000

.Conclusion

The city is still new and has been newly created, I still have large areas not occupied.

The purpose of this project is to absorb the large population growth in the cities and to work on the distribution of the population, so that it is not concentrated in the city only, or it extends chaotic and random in the suburbs. As a result, the new city of Beni-Suef was built in the desert lands opposite the main city. To reduce the spread of the population in the agricultural lands and to provide services in those desert lands, in order to encourage settlement there. The city is Fig.25 - 03 : Solid & Void Percentages (Author, 2018) still in grow up level with under constructing compounds, and it has many Empty areas. There are many agricultural zones along the Nile side

44

Chapter 03 : Beni Suef Analysis

Urban Analysis

Skyline

Fig.26 - 03 : Old Beni Suef Skyline (Author, 2018)

Fig.27 - 03 : Old Beni Suef Skyline (Author, 2018)

Fig.28 - 03 : Old Beni Suef Skyline (Author, 2018)

Fig.29 - 03 : Old Beni Suef Skyline (Author, 2018)

.Conclusion The Fig.s show the view of nile river which separate between cemeteries of New Beni Suef & the Skyline of Old Beni Suef

Fig.30 - 03 Skyline Cone of Vision (Author, 2018)

45

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center Conclusion

The Nile River divides Beni Suef into two parts, the western part which is known as (Old Beni Suef), and the eastern part which is known as (New Beni Suef). New Beni suef is modernly planned according to the urban & architectural standards, which made opportunities of having an educational building, and industrial development. The building heights are restricted to a maximum height 7 meters which allows the natural environmental opportunities to take place in the New Beni Suef city.

46

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center

Chapter

Design Issues

04

4.1. Environmental Impact 4.2. Interaction 4.3. Olfactory 4.4. Visibility 4.5. Security 4.6. Comfort 4.7. Energy Efeciency 4.8. Safety

Chapter four reviewing different issues thats related & may accure in the Research Centre, examples about them, and how it could be solved in the project to support the project and prevent future problems.

In addition to case studies regarding to the selected project about data gathered from different resources; International, Regional, and Local using certain methods to adapt it in the selected project.

47

Chapter 04: Design Studies Design Issues

1.ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

General Definition:

“Possible consequences that happen to the Environment caused by a development, industrial, or infrastructural project or by the release of a substance in the environment�. (The Law Dictionary, 2018)

Architectural Definition:

The ecological results (positive and negative) for a project and how it impacts the surrounding. Environmental impact configuration effects can be separated into three kinds:

-Direct impacts: caused by the building process, for example, land consumption, erosion and loss of vegetation.

-Indirect impacts: side-effects of a project such as debasement of surface water quality from disintegration of land cleared because of a project. After some time, indirect impacts can affect larger lands.

Cumulative impacts: synergistic impacts, for example, the hindrance of water regulation and filtering capacities of wetland frameworks due to construction. (EFFECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT ON THE PROJECT, 2013)

Good Impacts:

Like Green roofs, Green houses and Energy Efficiency In addition these impacts could be:

Fig.01 - 04 : Green houses(Yoneda, 2011)

Fig.02 - 04 : Green roof in Nihon Sekkei Takenaka Corporation - Fukuoka rooftop gardens, Japan (Yoneda, 2011)

48

Chapter 04: Design Studies

Design Issues

Fig.03 - 04 : Energy Efficiency Good Environmrntal Impact (Song & Levin, 2017)

Bad Impacts:

Pollution could be water or air pollution, Global Warming and Climate Change which effected by the nonrenewable energy.

Fig.04 - 04 : air pollution Bad Environmrntal Impact (Song & Levin, 2017)

Fig.05 - 04 : water pollution Bad Environmrntal Impact (Roman, n.d)

Conclusion:`

The project should have a good impact for the environment by using green houses, green roofs and a good energy efficiency system that are exist in the project to achieve a sustainable project and to contribute in the vision 2030 as well. (Author.2018)

49

Chapter 04: Design Studies

Design Issues

2.INTERACTION

General Definition:

“It is a kind of action that occurs as two or more objects have an effect upon one another”. (University, Case Western Reserve, 2011)

Architectural Definition:

“It contains a number of aspects deeply rooted in the field of architecture, including a concern for our physical surroundings as well as a focus on supporting activities and the flow of people, information, and interaction by means of designed artifacts”. (Wiberg, 2015)

There are three kinds of interaction which are:

-Interaction that occurs between the users.

-Interaction that occurs between the users and the environment.

-Interaction that occurs between the users and the building.

-Interaction that occurs between the building and the surroundings.

Intuitive structures allows clients to have intelligent gatherings to trade thoughts and information by having intuitive open spaces, moreover it enables clients to get inspired by the environment.. Engineering makes collaboration between the clients and the working by including them encounter or by giving them their necessities. Furthermore the communication between the building and the surroundings in a sort of regarding and being a piece of the encompassing.

(Wiberg, 2015)

Example:

Fig.06 - 04 : Users Interact With The Building (Karunasaagarar, 2014)

Fig.07 - 04 : Users Interact With The Building (Kambic, 2016)

Fig.08 - 04 : Users Interact With Each Other And Have An Interacttion With The Environment (Sunqiao Urban Agricultural District, 2017)

General General General •olfactory definition is connected with the ability to smell (sense of smell)

•olfactorydefinition definitionisisconnected connectedwith withthe theability abilitytotosmell smell(sense (senseof ofsmell) smell) •olfactory

Architecture Architecture Architecture

•The •Themood moodof ofthe theperson personcan canbe bedefinitely definitelyhandled handledby byuse useof ofsmell. smell.Aroma Aromatherapy therapyis •The mood of the person can be definitely handled by use of smell.

Aroma therapy isis nowadays widely accepted for its benefits for human physiology and psychology Chapter 04: Design Studies Design Issues 50 nowadayswidely widelyaccepted acceptedfor forits itsbenefits benefitsfor forhuman humanphysiology physiologyand andpsychology psychology nowadays

Personalizing space Personalizing spacethrough throughsmell: smell: 3.Olfactory Personalizing space through smell:

General Definition: As designs, we should how smell of will be remembered.

Asan anenvironmental environmental designs, wedefinition shouldcare care howthe the smell ofenvironments environments will be remembered.

As an environmental designs, we should care how the smell of environments will be remembered.

olfactory is connected with the ability to smell (sense of smell)(niehs.nih.

Briefly, olfactory sense that can leave for a long period an emotional impression towards Briefly,olfactory olfactory sensethat thatcan canleave leavefor foraalong longperiod periodan anemotional emotionalimpression impressiontowards towardsoccupant. occupant. gov, 2018) Briefly, sense occupant.

Relation Relation with withproject project Architectural Definition: Relation with project The medicinal & Aromatic plants research center

Theplants mood research of the person can be definitely Themedicinal medicinal Aromatic plants research center The &&Aromatic center provides natural products in the commercial handledproducts by use in of smell.

Aroma therapy is nowadays providesnatural natural products inthe the commercial provides commercial department which extracted from the widely accepted for its benefits for human physiology and departmentwhich whichextracted extractedfrom fromthe theproject’s project’s department project’s greenhouse plant, be displayed the (niehs.nih.gov, 2018) greenhousepsychology plant,to be displayedfor for thevisitors. visitors. greenhouse plant, totobe displayed for the visitors.

(Author,2018) (Author,2018) (Author,2018)

Personalizing space through smell: Aromatherapy product (Naturalhealthnews.uk,2018) Fig.09 - 04: Aromatherapy product Aromatherapy product (Naturalhealthnews.uk,2018)

As an environmental designs, we should Aromatherapy product (Naturalhealthnews.uk,2018) (Naturalhealthnews.uk,2018) Examples care how the smell of environments will be remembered.

Examples Examples Connection of nature olfaction sense that canwith leaveopenings for a long period an ConnectionBriefly, ofthe theolfactory natureand and olfaction with openings Connection of the nature and olfaction with openings impression to greens oremotional the material smell towards occupant.

greensor orthe thematerial materialsmell smell totogreens

Relation with project:

The medicinal & Aromatic plants research The Swiss pavilion at the exhibition center provides natural productsin TheSwiss Swisspavilion pavilion theworld world exhibition The atatthe world exhibition ininin the commercial Hanover was constructed with two diffeenttimber, department which extracted from the project’s greenhouse Hanoverwas was constructed with twodiffeenttimber, diffeenttimber, Hanover constructed with two and that’s made a clear connection with user by plant, to be displayed for the visitors. and that’s made a clear connection with user(Author,2018) byolfactory olfactory

and that’s made a clear connection with user by olfactory sense. sense. sense.

As can smell Asaaauser, user,you you canExamples smellthe thetimber timbermaterial materialfrom fromaaalong long As user, you can smell the timber material from long

distance while you are meditating on the structure of distancewhile while youare aremeditating meditating on thenature structure of distance you on structure

Connection of the the and of olfaction with the timber, which gives the feeling of the material’s thetimber, timber,openings whichgives gives thefeeling feeling ofthe thematerial’s material’snature. nature. to greens or the material smell the which the of nature.

(Author,2018) (Author,2018) (Author,2018)

The Swiss pavilion at the world exhibition Fig. 0-0 Swiss Pavilion at the world Fig. 0-0 Swiss Pavilion the world in Hanover was constructed with two diffeenttimber, and Fig. 0-0 Swiss Pavilion atatatthe Fig.10 - 04: Swiss Pavilion theworld world exhibition in Hanover, (scentart.news,2018) exhibition in Hanover, (scentart.news,2018) that’s made a clear connection with user by olfactory sense. exhibition Hanover,(scentart.news,2018) (scentart.news,2018) exhibition ininHanover, As a user, you can smell the timber material from a long The Vaux le Vicomte French palace the Minister of distance is while are meditating structure TheVaux VauxleleVicomte Vicomte isthe theyou French palaceof ofon thethe Minister ofof the The is the French palace of the Minister of inance which has a three entrances and three exits openings timber, which gives the feeling of the material’s nature. finance whichhas hasaathree threeentrances entrancesand andthree threeexits exitsopenings openings inance which which circulate (Author,2018) whichhelps helpstoto circulatearoma aromaininthe thebuilding buildingwith withthe thenatural natural

which helps to circulate aroma in the building with the natural ventilation ventilationthrough throughthe thesurrounding surroundinggarden gardenand andthe theforest. forest. ventilation through the surrounding garden and the

The Vaux le Vicomte is theforest.

French palace Author,2018) (Author,2018) Author,2018)of the Minister of finance which has a three entrances and three exits openings which helps to circulate aroma in the building with the natural ventilation through the surrounding garden and the forest. (Author,2018)

Fig. 0-0 Vaux le Vicomte (academia.edu,2018) Fig.11 - le 04: Vaux le Vicomte (academia.

Fig.0-0 0-0 Vaux leVicomte Vicomte (academia.edu,2018) Fig. Vaux (academia.edu,2018) edu,2018)

Applying olfactory in the project In order to plan for the desired smell in any project, we have to care about the psychology physiology04: of the user, and the features the masses materials which Design Studies DesignofIssues 51 andChapter share smells, to achieve the concept of connecting the user with the project nature. (academia.edu)

Applying olfactory in the project

In order to plan for the desired smell Strategy in any project, we have to care about the psychology If we can pick a certain smell to act as the trigger and physiology of the user, and the features of the that will help visitors to remember their experience masses materials which share smells, to achieve in our project’s environment, What could be the the concept of connecting the user with the project particular smell? nature. (academia.edu)

Strategy

According to the project nature, and its program,

If we can pick a certain smell to act the aromatic plants that suchwill as: help jasmine, mint, basil, as the trigger visitors to and remember represent suitable kind ofproject’s an attractive smell What their aexperience in our environment, to thecould user. be (Author,2018) the particular smell?

Fig.12 - 04: Mint plant, (creative farmer.in, 2018)

Fig. 0-0 Mint plant, (creative farmer.in, 2018)

According to the project nature, and

Greenitshouses is one the medicinal & Aromatic program, the of aromatic plants such as: jasmine, plantsmint, research project spaces, we can benefit and center basil, represent a suitable kind of an attractive smell to the user.

(Author,2018) from the greens smell to conncet the user with the nature and give him the feeling of the project type.

Green houses is one of the medicinal (Author,2018) & Aromatic plants research center project spaces, we can benefit from the greens smell to conncet the user with the nature and give him the feeling of the project type. (Author,2018)

The physical state of a person is determining the sensitivity across the sense smell. The

The of physical state food’s of a person is smell could be luring for a hungry, and it might determining the sensitivity across the sensebe of smell. disgusting forfood’s other smell one who has finished his The could bejust luring for a hungry, and meal. (academia.edu, 2018) for other one who has just it might be disgusting finished his meal. (academia.edu, 2018)

A person’s mood might be definitely handled by

A person’s mood might befor definitely using smell.

Aroma accepted widely nowadays handled by using smell.

Aroma accepted its benefits for human psychology, and physiology.widely nowadays for its benefits for human psychology, (academia.edu, 2018)

Fig.13 - 04: Jasmine plant, (aspca.org, 2018)

Fig. 0-0 Jasmine plant, (aspca.org, 2018)

and physiology. (academia.edu, 2018)

Understanding the smell concept in architecture is a Understanding the the smell concept represent a strong opportunity to achieve in architecture is a represent a strong opportunity concept of in and out connection, and the olfactory to achieve the concept of in and out connection, issue is one of the most related issues to this type of and the olfactory issue is one of the most related research center according to its program and issues to this type of research center according to its concept. (Author,2018) program and concept. (Author,2018)

Fig.14 - 04:basil plant, (amazon.in, 2018)

Fig. 0-0 basil plant, (amazon.in, 2018)

52

Chapter 04: Design Studies

Design Issues

4.Visibility

General Definition:

Visibility is a measure of the horizontal opacity of the atmosphere at the point of observation and is expressed in terms of the horizontal distance at which a person should be able to see and identify: in the daytime, a prominent dark object against the sky at the horizon; at night, a known, preferably unfocused, moderately intense light source. (academia.edu, 2018)

Architectural Definition:

It has been shown how visibility in audiovisually extended architecture depends on the shapes of the various virtual and physical spaces that it consists of as well as on the properties of an arrangement of a diverse set of cameras, creating what might be called ‘spatial-technological isovists’. (Schnädelbach H. ,2009)

Example:

Fig.15 - 04 : Visibility from difference angel (Schnädelbach H. ,2009)

Fig.16 - 04 : Isovist across local, virtual and remote space (Schnädelbach H. ,2009)

Fig.17 - 04 : visibility for building hieght (Schnädelbach H. ,2009)

Fig.18- 04 : Visibility between urban (Schnädelbach H. ,2009)

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The visibility analysis of open plan science exhibitions.

Fig.19 - 04 : depth of each grid node in the layout. Right: the cross-visibility of individual exhibits that was manually constructed by the authors. (Lu, 2011, p. 12)

The visibility structure additionally possibly affects guests’ learning results. According to the designers experience exploring the impact of co-visibility of individual exhibits on guest’s reaction in open plan science exhibitions.

They found that the contact score of individual detached exhibits was related with their visual accessibility . The dynamic engagement was related with co-visibility of individual displays, which speaks to the quantity of exhibits that a guest can specifically observe, completely or halfway from a given shows. The creators additionally detailed that while sequencing of contacts was influenced by the degree to which the plans were specifically assembled, commitment came about because of a cognizant choice, the psychological enrollment of topical marks. The roundabout social proof suggests that the plan of design can include connections among items and influence the manners by which shows are seen and subjectively mapped. (Lu, 2011, p. 12)

Applying visibility to the research center

Visibility could be applied to spaces like the exhibition, offices and library to perform a major effect to the researchers and the users of these specified spaces, so a thoughtful visibility integrated with the research center plan would improve the productivity of the researchers students and even the visitors would be attracted to the innovations of the researches and the products provided in production zones like shops and exhibition. (Lu, 2011, p. 12)

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5.Security

General Defenition

The condition of being free from peril or risk. (oxford dictionaries, n.d.)

Architectural Defenition

Security engineering is a brought together security plan that tends to the necessities and potential dangers associated with a specific situation or condition. It likewise determines when and where to apply security controls. The structure procedure is commonly reproducible.

In security engineering, the structure standards are accounted for unmistakably, and in-profundity security control determinations are commonly archived in autonomous records. Framework engineering can be viewed as a plan that incorporates a structure and addresses the association between the parts of that structure. (Security Architecture, n.d.)

Figure 20-04 Examples for key attributes of security architecture (Daniel Watch Deepa Tolat, 2016).

The key Attributes of security architecture are as follows:

Connections and Dependencies: Signifies the connection between the different segments inside IT engineering and the manner by which they rely upon one another.

Advantages: The fundamental favorable position of security engineering is its institutionalization, which makes it moderate. Security design is financially savvy because of the re-utilization of controls depicted in the engineering.

Form: Security architecture is associated with IT architecture; however, it may take a variety of forms. It generally includes a catalog of conventional controls in addition to relationship diagrams, principles, and so on. (Security Architecture, n.d.)

Drivers: Security controls are determined based on four factors:

1-Risk management

2-Benchmarking and good practice

3-Financial

4-Legal and regulatory.

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SECURITY IN LABORATORIES

A security system for a typical lab may include one or more of the following attributes: 1-Some means of access control, often arranged in layers within a building 2-A computerized security management system (SMS) 3-Special door hardware locksets or devices that function in unison with the SMS 4-A means of visually monitoring sensitive or secure areas. (wbdg, 2016)

Keypad get to control frameworks require an individual stick as the certification to access a space. These frameworks can be tricky to oversee since pins can be effectively given to other people and the framework mishandled. Access-card frameworks use recognizable proof cards with an attractive strip or a contactless keen card with an inserted RFID microchip, which functions as an electronic key. Cards and card-perusers are customized to permit just approved individuals into specific zones. In numerous applications, these entrance control gadgets commonly likewise log section to follow who has entered the research facility and at what time.

Biometric get to control gadgets, for example, thumbprint perusers or iris scanners are frequently likewise utilized in high-security applications. (wbdg, 2016)

Fail-secure electronic locksets might be indicated in high security circumstances to avert unapproved access to offices if essential and reinforcement control is lost. A fail-secure system expects capacity to open the entryway hence counteracting going around of the security framework by cutting force. A fail-secure locksets ordinarily incorporate key abrogate to permit access by suitable staff in power blackouts. An entryway position switch can screen entryway position for an assortment of purposes and advise security staff in the event that it distinguishes an entryway has been physically constrained open. (wbdg, 2016)

Surveillance cameras might be alluring in specific circumstances where high-security or high-esteem hardware or research happens. Cameras may likewise be utilized for operational observing and security purposes as wanted. These perception cameras can be an imperative safety highlight in high-security labs where windows are bothersome. A wide range of camera types might be utilized relying upon the capacity. Surveillance cameras normally are introduced with a settled field of view pointing straightforwardly at the thing or zone that is being checked, i.e. a lab entrance or a cooler with natural examples. Observational cameras might be settled or container/tilt/zoom type cameras that enable an administrator to move the camera see around the room and furthermore focus in on regions of the room as required. (wbdg, 2016)

Figure 21-04 Swipe readers can be used in combination with keypads for a higher degree of security than either technology could provide on its own. (wbdg, 2016)

Figure 22-04 A Biometric Hand Scanner at the Entry to a Biosafety Laboratory (wbdg, 2016)

Figure 23-04 A Wall-mounted Security Camera in a Laboratory (wbdg, 2016)

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6.COMFORT

General Defenition

“Pleasant feeling of being relaxed and free from pain” (designingbuildings. co.uk,2018)

Architectural Defenition

“Human thermal comfort describes the state of mind that expresses satisfaction with the surrounding environment and refers to several conditions in which the majority of people feel comfortable” (Çengel, Yunus A.; Boles, Michael A. ,2015)

Figure 24-04 Diagram showing factors affecting human Comfort (engineering.purdue.edu)

Psychological Comfort

“comfort can also be negatively influenced by the amount and type of noise in a building. Visual comfort is also an important factor that involves the provision of natural light, external views” (Çengel, Yunus A.; Boles, Michael A. ,2015)

Figures 25-04 and 03-04 Showing factors affecting psychological Comfort (engineering.purdue.edu)

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Applying human comfort to a research center Human thermal comfort could be applyed in a research center through multiple techniques, including the indoor quality, visual comfort, noise nuisance and Ergonomics.

Indoor Quality Human comfort can also be affected by the quality of ventilation in a building. Ventilation is major issue in buildings to remove indoor air and replace it with fresh air, and in addition to block overheating. We as a whole inhale air to live and on the off chance that it is contaminated or conveys airborne illnesses we can fall sick therefore. Airborne dangers, for example, carbon monoxide or longer-term indoor dangers like radon discharge are some of the time an issue yet the harmful fine ignition particles for the most part from traffic emanations and some power stations are the significant well being danger to people in general . (designing Buildings Wiki, 2018) Health Effects of Indoor Air Pollution The impacts of indoor air pollution go from transient impacts – eye and throat bothering – to long term impacts – respiratory illness and malignant growth. Introduction to large amounts of a few poisons, for example, carbon monoxide, can even outcome in illnesses through the long-term or even passing out. (designing Buildings Wiki, 2018) Visual comfort Visual comfort is likewise an imperative factor that includes the arrangement of regular light, outside views, decrease of glare, and so on.Managing Indoor Air Quality.

Labs and research offices are an extremely energy consuming buildings because of the immense measures of 100 percent outside air required. With the present worries over high vitality costs, decreasing carbon impressions, and endeavors to improve offices green and give indoor conditions, lessening both new and existing lab and vivarium office vitality costs has turned into a basic test.

The essential explanation for some labs’ high vitality costs is the base ventilation or air change necessities that regularly command the measure of outside air required by these offices. To date, next to no target information has been accessible on the natural and vitality funds effect of both decreasing and fluctuating air change rates. To address this hole, a noteworthy research think about was directed that produced a lot of target information on the indoor ecological quality (IEQ) states of labs. (designing Buildings Wiki, 2018) Carbon FootPrint “It is the amount of greenhouse gases—primarily carbon dioxide—released into the atmosphere by a particular human activity”. (designing Buildings Wiki, 2018) Negative Pressure Lab air is designed to be somewhat under negative pressure to the outside lobbies so scents don’t escape from the lab into the corridors. To keep up the negative weight, lab entryways ought to stay shut.(General Laboratory Ventilation, n.d.)

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controloing the air change rate(ACH) In a vast majority of labs (especially life sciences labs) and vivariums, wind current is frequently directed by the base air change rate (ACH) for the space, which may be six to 12 ACH in a lab room.

One methodology that has been appeared to shift air change rates viably and securely in labs and vivariums is to detect the nature of the air for such contaminants as unpredictable natural mixes (VOCs) and smelling salts, in addition to some other compound vapors and scents and particulates.

At the point when the room air is free of these contaminants, at that point the air change rates can be decreased to four, or sometimes two ACH in a lab.

Likewise its an absolute necessity to search for “green” or low emanation (low VOC) paint, cover, and furniture, to protect the indoor quality inside the research facility(sharp, 2009) ventilation At the point when items having volatile compounds or solid scents are utilized, give as much ventilation as doable and timetable work when the building is insignificantly possessed.

Noise nuisance human comfort can likewise be adversely impacted by the sum and kind of noise in the research center. Commotion annoyance is extreme clamor or unsettling influence that may negatively affect well being or the personal satisfaction, e.g. having the capacity to hear the tenants of a neighboring house through the Fig 25-04 Typical vintelation system in laboratory partitions. (designing Buildings Wiki, 2018) In the event that segments don’t achieve the basic soffit a flat transmission way for the sound by means of the void over the suspended roof is made.

In this way, conventional acoustic roofs frequently give lacking sound protection. In these cases exceptional acoustic roof frameworks are required which offer extra solid insulation properties.

Fig 26-04 special acoustic ceiling systems are required which offer additional sound insulating properties retrieved from ehs.unc.edu

Ergonomics “Ergonomics is particularly related to the design of workplaces, products and systems to best fit those who use them. The aim of effective ergonomics is to apply learning about human abilities and limitations to improve interaction with environment and products, and prevent or limit the risk of illness or injury”.(designing Buildings Wiki, 2018)

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7.ENERGY EFFECIENCY

General Defenition “Percentage of total energy input to a machine or equipment that is consumed in useful work and not wasted as useless heat”.(designing Buildings Wiki, 2018) Architectural Defenition “Incorporating features that decrease the energy needed to run the buildings often increases the energy-intensive materials required to build them”.(designing Buildings Wiki, 2018) Applying energy effeciency to a research centre Building Insulation “Any object in a building used as insulation for any purpose.

While the majority of insulation in buildings is for thermal purposes”. (greentec.am, 2018 )for example mineral wool insulation figure (06-05) Hot Climates In hot conditions, the greatest source of heat energy is solar radiation. This can enter buildings directly through windows or it can heat the building shell to a higher temperature than Fig 27-05 Mineral wool sheets for the ambient, increasing the heat transfer through the building thermal insulation (greentec.am, 2018 ) envelope. The Solar Heat Gain Co-efficient (SHGC)(a measure of solar heat transmittance) of standard single glazing can be around 78-85%. Solar gain can be reduced by adequate shading from the sun, light coloured roofing, spectrally selective (heatreflective) paints and coatings and various types of insulation for the rest of the envelope. Specially coated glazing can reduce SHGC to around 10%. (www.greenergyexpo.eu, 2018 ) Orientation - passive solar design passive building plans, windows, partitions, and floors are made to gather, store, reflect, and use solar energy as warmth in the winter and reject sun oriented warmth in the late spring, figure 00 . This is called uninvolved sun based plan in light of the fact that, in contrast to dynamic sunlight based warming frameworks, it doesn’t include the utilization of mechanical and electrical devices.

Day Lightning In Labs research centers including labs consume undeniably more energy and water per square foot than places of business and different offices in light of the fact that their exercises are vitality concentrated and their well being and security prerequisites are progressively unbending. (www.greenergyexpo.eu, 2018 )

Fig 28-04 Elements of passive solar design, in a direct gain application, (greentec.am, 2018 )

Fig 29-04 This cross section and photo of laboratories and work stations in Building 50 of the NIH complex shows how daylighting is achieved through double-height windows, (greentec.am, 2018 )

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8.Safety

General Defenition

Security is the condition of being “sheltered”, the state of being shielded from mischief or other non-alluring results. Security can likewise allude to the control of perceived perils so as to accomplish a satisfactory dimension of hazard. (wikipedia, 2018)

Architectural Defenition

Safety in Design is a key guideline of working environment safety and security laws considering security at the building configuration arrange, evaluating any dangers and actualizing answers for guarantee safety for the duration of the life of the building.

Security in Design may think about unearthing, devastation, electrical works, upkeep, natural elements, risky substances and unsafe products, ergonomics, restoration, working at Fig30-04 Example showing safety considerations tallness, traffic factors, work environment safety and including exit signs, fire extinguisher and emergrncy safety impacts, and different regions as required. exit.

Engineering and Access experts have progressive learning of the obligations forced by work safety and security laws of a scope of callings to guarantee safety and safety in connection to private and business building improvements.

SAFETY IN LABORATORIES

Because of the assortment of harmful synthetic substances and risky materials utilized in a lab, look into office originators are tested to make quality, productive environments while guaranteeing the security and safety of researchers and other lab work force. Securing human safety and life is fundamental, yet shielding an office from unapproved get to is additionally of basic significance. (wbdg, 2016)

Fig 31-04 Hazards and safety features of the Rock Crushing and Grinding Lab at Boston University— Boston, MA. (Daniel Watch Deepa Tolat, 2016).

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FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM

Most lab structures are planned with a wet-pipe programmed fire sprinkler framework for code and protection reasons. (wbdg, 2016)

GENERAL SAFETY PRINCIPLES FOR LABORATORIES

For security and simplicity of support, it usually makes sense to find a safety shower, fire quencher, and shutoff valves at the section nook of every lab. Inside coating licenses simple reconnaissance of the research center. Cautioning signs with the proper images ought to be posted at research facility passages. There ought to be two methods for departure from every primary lab (commonly labs estimating 1000 sq. ft. or then again more). Entryways should swing out of principle labs for safe departure if there should be an occurrence of crisis.

Much of the time, labs ought to be sorted out with the most elevated perils (e.g., seethe hoods) most distant from the passage entryway and the slightest unsafe components (e.g., review stations) nearest to the entryway. Review work areas and seats ought to be available without intersection before smoke hoods. (wbdg, 2016)

Figure 32-04 shoeing safety considerations in laboratory (Daniel Watch Deepa Tolat, 2016)

Smoke hoods ought to be outfitted with wind stream cautions. Most labs are required to be under negative gaseous tension in respect to the hall to help forestall potential break of contaminants or exhaust.

Most research facility types require single-pass ventilation without distribution of air to different Fig 33-04 Biohazard Warning Sign Outside a Lab (Daniel Watch Deepa Tolat, 2016) spaces.

Fashioners ought to consider setting a crisis focus in a focal area on each floor, to give simple access to everybody. A crisis focus solidifies things, for example, reagent neutralizers, spill packs, medical aid, and fire control gear in one regular territory. (wbdg, 2016)

Fig 34-04 Centrally-Located Safety Alcove in a Lab Corridor (Daniel Watch Deepa Tolat, 2016)

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Diagram of Safety in Design process

Figure 35-04 Diagram of Safety in Design process (Daniel Watch Deepa Tolat, 2016).

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Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center Conclusion

There are certain designs issues related to the project that must be considered along the designing phase, which are: (Environmental Impacts, Interaction, Olfactory, Visibility, Security, Comfort, Energy Efficiency, and Safety)

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Chapter

Case Study

05

Local Regional International

Chapter four reviewing different issues that related & may accrue in the Research Centre, examples about them, and how it could be solved in the project to support the project and prevent future problems.

In addition of case studies regarding to the selected project about data gathered from different resources; International, Regional, and Local using certain methods to adapt it in the selected project.

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Chapter 05: Case Studies Local Case Study

1.American University in Cairo (AUC)&Desert Development Center

Fig.01 - 05: open court of American University in Cairo (/schools.aucegypt.edu,2018)

Introduction According to the site of AUC (2018) that Designing AUC New Cairo: Architects focus on creating learning communities and environmental sustainability. The initial plans for the US University’s Cairo campus, including master planning and architectural design principles, have been announced, and AUC selected two active early-stage companies, Sasaki and Associates (Watertown, MA) and the Abdel-Halim Community Development Collaboration. (Cairo, Egypt) As the lead architect, lead the international team that implements the program. In September 2008, they built a 260-acre new campus in Cairo to accommodate 5,500 students and 1,500 faculty members. Haram, worth $400 million, will be treated in all areas. Campus specifications with Egyptian architectural design as a modern facility. In its long history, the University is committed to meeting the needs of the region, university forms and professional disciplines. It also conducts scientific research in various fields such as the Desert and Plant Science Center.

Concept The project depends on the concept of the map of Egypt and its division into Upper, Lower and Middle Egypt and connects the Nile

Fig.02 - 05: Ancient Egypt map Nile river (/www.ducksters.com/history,2006)

Fig.03 - 05: Concept of American University in Cairo(/ schools.aucegypt.edu,2018)

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The AUC development centre program The centre includes Public Elevator Quiet Study Area Group Study Rooms Photocopy Center Current Newspapers SERENITY Room Prayer Area CRMS Collection Theses Current Journals Bound Journals

Fig.04 - 05: AUC research centre ground floor plan (/ schools.aucegypt.edu,2018) scale 1:1000

Express Elevator to RBSCL Public Elevator Group Study Rooms Collaborative Working Space Help Desk Circulation Desk Reserve Desk LLT Lab P015 LLT Lab P016 UACT Training Lab P017 UACT Popular Fiction Quick email and Scanning CLT Multimedia Lab Assistive Technology Room Microfilm / MicroFiche Readers Self Print Area Microforms Printing Services

Fig.05 - 05: AUC research centre plaza level plan (/ schools.aucegypt.edu,2018) scale 1:1000

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Public Elevator Group Study Room Silent Study Area Books: Call Numbers HF - Z Regional Architecture Collection ans Reading Room Library Administration Graduate Commons

Fig.06 - 05: AUC research centre Second floor plan (/schools.aucegypt.edu,2018) scale 1:1000 Public Elevator to Plaza Level Public Elevator Quiet Study Area - Students Carrels (Rooms 3022 - 3028) RBSCL Reference and research services RBSCL Copy Center Archives Research Services (University Archives, Special collections and photographs) Exhibt Room Special Collections and Rare Books Reading Room Nadia Mostafa Room (Seminar / Meeting Room) Creswell Room John D.Gerhart Reading Room Non Circulating Books - Journals Call Numbers A-Z

Fig.07 - 05: AUC research centre Third floor plan (/schools.aucegypt.edu,2018) scale 1:1000

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Construction of the new Cairo campus

Fig.08 - 05: Entrance of science building of American University in Cairo (Author,2017)

According to the site of AUC (2018) “AUC New Cairo is built with 24,000 tons of steel and 115,000 square meters of stone, marble, granite cladding and flooring. More than 7,000 workers fell two shifts at the construction site. The sandstone on the walls of the campus buildings is provided by a quarry in Kom Ombo, 50 km north of Aswan. The stone was transported by truck to a huge multi-ton block that was cut and formed for walls, arches and other uses for stone cutting factories built on the site. These walls are built on an energy management system that reduces campus air conditioning and heating energy use by at least 50% compared to traditional construction methods.

More than 75% of the stones in the alumni wall surrounding the campus are recovered from the stone, otherwise the stones will be discarded as waste after cutting. A 1.6 km service tunnel extending along the central avenue of the AUC campus spine is a key factor in achieving its overall pedestrian nature. Services available through the tunnel include all delivery and picking of campus buildings, fiber and technology related wiring, main electrical and hot water pipes, domestic water and air conditioning chilled water. All other sewage, natural gas, irrigation and fire pipes are buried on campus, outside the tunnel, around the building to meet their use.�

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Environmental Impact

Fig.09 - 05: Environmental study of American University in Cairo (/schools.aucegypt.edu,2018)

The location of the site and the identification of warm areas and cold areas throughout the year.

And how to adapt the warm areas through the large green areas along the university and using the style of modern Islamic architecture which depends on the tower is a wind catcher, naturally providing sustainable and healthy cooling and ventilation for the sports facilities below.

Fig.10 - 05: wind catcher of American University in Cairo (/schools.aucegypt.edu,2018)

And the various forms of shading according to the method and purpose, giving us a beautiful shape and the highest performance.

Fig.11 - 05: shade devices of American University in Cairo (/schools.aucegypt.edu,2018)

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The exploitation of water is essential in clarifying the axis of movement and also the ability to convert the hot essence to moderate. In addition to the beautiful and attractive appearance

Fig.12 - 05: water feature of American University in Cairo (/schools.aucegypt.edu,2018)

Elevations

Fig.13 - 05: Elevations of American University in Cairo (/schools.aucegypt.edu,2018) Scale1/700

Conclusion The project is a major research center in different fields, rather than a university where researchers come from everywhere, but not scientifically. Is very good at the local level of similarity with our project - the center of the researcher of medicinal and aromatic plants - but this is opposed to us now we are specialists in one area and agriculture.

Environmental impact could be affected through applying: -open courts -water features -shading elements -wind catchers

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Chapter 05: Design Studies Regional Case Study

1.King Abdullah petroleum studies and research Centre

Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

KAPSARC, the abbreviation for the King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, is located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, where it began its activities in 2010. It is as an independent, non-profit institution that focuses on research in energy economics, policy, technology, and the environment. Its research areas include global energy markets and economics, energy efficiency and productivity, energy and environmental technologies, and carbon management. The organization has a multi-national research team.(/archdaily.com.2017)

Fig.14 - 05: KAPSARC layout (/archdaily.com.2017)

Fig.15 - 05: KAPSARC Entrance (/archdaily.

com.2017) Concept

The project based on the concept of connectivity the primary organizing strategy of the design is a cellular, partially modular system that integrates different departmental buildings as a single ensemble with interconnecting public spaces.(/zaha-hadid.com,2016)

Fig.16 - 05: Project Concept (/archdaily.com.2017)

Program

The 70,000m² KAPSARC campus incorporates five buildings: The Energy Knowledge Centre, the Energy Computer Centre; a Conference Centre with exhibition hall and 300-seat auditorium; a Research Library with archives for 100,000 volumes; and the Musalla, an inspirational place for prayer within the campus. The foot print total area is 51,400 m² which divided as: - Research Center: 23,400 m² - Conference center: 13,800 m² - Library: 10,200 m² - IT center: 2,500 m² - Musalla: 1,500 m² (/archdaily.com.2017)

Fig.17 - 05: KAPSARK zoning (/archdaily.com.2017)

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KAPSARC’s five buildings differ in size and organization to best suit their use. Each building is divided into its component functions and can be adapted to respond to changes in requirements or working methods. Additional cells can readily be introduced by extending KAPSARC’s honeycomb grid for future expansion of the research campus.(/archdaily.com.2017)

Fig.18 - 05: KAPSARC ground floor plan (/archdaily. com.2017)

Fig.19 - 05: KAPSARC first floor plan (/archdaily. com.2017)

Environmental impact

The faceted form of the cells is highlighted by angular cut outs in their flanks and latticed skylights. This layout is one of several passive and active systems that aim to minimize energy consumption in the hot desert climate of Riyadh. (/zaha-hadid.com,2016)

The buildings of the campus surround a large public courtyard shaded by canopies supported from a forest of crafted steel columns.

Presenting a solid, protecting shell to the harsh sunlight from the south, the KAPSARC campus Fig.20 - 05: The faceted cells and the skylights (/archdaily.com.2017) opens to north and west; encouraging prevailing winds from the north to cool the courtyard during temperate months and facilitating connections with any future expansion of the campus to the north, as well as creating connections with the researcher’s residential community to the west.

Privileging the pedestrian, each of the buildings within the campus is entered through this central public courtyard that also serves as a meeting space and link between buildings during temperate seasons. An underground link also connects the main buildings on the campus for use at the hottest times of the year.(/zaha-hadid.com,2016)

‘Wind-catchers’ integrated within the roof profiles on the southern sides of each courtyard catch the prevailing winds from the north, cooling each courtyard.(/zaha-hadid.com,2016) Fig.21 - 05: the central public courtyard (/archdaily. com.2017)

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LEED Award

KAPSARC’s design has solid technical and environmental considerations at its heart, drawing the five elements of the campus into a unified whole. This project is ZHA’s first project to be awarded LEED Platinum certification by the US Green Building Council.(/zaha-hadid.com,2016)

Fig.22 - 05: solar panels located on the shell (/archdaily. Fig.23 - 05: wind catchers in the inner courtyards (/archcom.2017) daily.com.2017)

KAPSARC was awarded LEED Platinum certification from the United States Green Building Council (USGBC) through its application of passive and active solutions including:

-A 45% reduction in energy performance (compared to the ASHRAE baseline standards)

achieved via KAPSARC’s building massing and orientation, façade optimization, system

selection and the solar PV array located on the roof of the south-facing Conference

Centre with a capacity of 5,000MWh/year.

-All KAPSARC’s potable water is recycled and reused on site and 100% of irrigation

water is from non-potable sources.

-40% of KAPSARC’s construction materials have been sourced from within 500 miles,

and 30% of materials made with recycled content.

-98% of all wood certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC).

-4,000 tons of waste separated and diverted from landfill.

(/zaha-hadid.com,2016)

Conclusion

KAPSARC is a great project in the Arabian region that solving the region’s hot climate by the same region image by using elements from the old architecture such as courtyards with windcatchers and using this form to softening the strong light and heat of this country. This layout is one of several passive and active systems that aim to minimize energy consumption in the hot desert climate. The project is also using the most effective use of energy, and it has been designed to achieve a LEED Platinum sustainability certification. Beside all of that design techniques, the project achieved the perfect program that any research Centre suppose to, by adding many services such as library, IT Centre and the conference halls and to connect them nearly in a simple way.

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Regional Case Study

design issue applied in the project Human comfort: Hexagonal pattern honeycomb structures utilize minimal material to make a cross section of cells inside a given volume. This structural and hierarchical guideline decided KAPSARC’s composition as an collection of crystalline structures that rises up out of the desert scene, providing the best react to the environmental conditions .(/zaha-hadid.com,2016)

Fig.24 - 05: Hexagonal pattern honeycomb structures (/archdaily.com.2017)

Fig.25 - 05: The specific arrangement and form of KAPSARC’s buildings contribute tto softening the solid light and warmth of the Riyadh Plateau(/ archdaily.com.2017)

Applying human comfort to the research centre:

Orientated for the sun and wind conditions, the crystalline sorts of the basic cells gain in stature towards the south, west, and east to shield inside spaces from direct light, while the porches inside are arranged toward the north and northwest to convey backhanded sunshine into the spaces underneath. (/zaha-hadid.com,2016)

“A program that could be applied to medicinal plants research centre:

KAPSARC campus incorporates five buildings: -The Energy Knowledge Centre -The Energy Computer Centre -Conference Centre with exhibition hall and 300-seat auditorium -Research Library with archives for 100,000 volumes” (/zaha-hadid.com,2016)

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Regional Case Study

2.SabSabancı University Composite Technology Research and Development Centre

GENERAL INFORMATION

Architects: Piramit Architects

Location: Istanbul, Turkey

Area: 17000.0 m2

Project Year: 2016

mixed-use building consisting of laboratories

and offices .

Fig.26 - 05 ; SabSabancı University Composite Technology Research and Development Centre, (archdaily, 2018).

Fig.27 - 05: SabSabancı University ground plan zoning, (archdaily, 2018). Scale1/250 Labs Offices Open Workspaces Meeting Room Elevator Lobby

Fig.28 - 05: Chart showing the ratios of each zone, (archdaily, 2018).

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SabSabancı University Composite Technology Research and Development Centre

-The elevations are divided by two horizontal flight lines and the areas directly behind it were kept a distance from the facade to create the perception of a low-rise building structure despite its actual height.

-The mechanical and electrical equipment were placed in the basement. While the first two floors are laboratories, incubation rooms, meeting rooms, and classes.

Fig.29 - 05: elevation of SabSabancı University

-The selection of dark-colored reflective glass Composite Technology Research and Development and coated metal claddings and the hefty mass also Centre, (archdaily, 2018). enhances the prismatic massive form.

-The building is divided vertically into two separate zones.

The first floor and the entrance floors with service and production volumes are covered with reflective glass. (archdaily, 2018)

Conclusion -The majority of the research center space should be Fig.30 - 05: showing the solid and void of the specified for science labs . façade of SabSabancı University, (archdaily, 2018).

-Labs, offices , open work spaces and lecture halls should be separated on multiple floors.

-Transparent glass at the elevation is preferred to provide maximum natural lightning.

Design issues applied to the project: -Interaction:

The elevations are divided by two horizontal Fig.31 - 05: section showing the division of the flight lines and the areas directly behind it were kept functions through the levels (archdaily, 2018). a distance from the facade to create the perception of a low-rise building structure despite its actual height. (sabanciuniv.edu, 2018) Applying the interaction to the research Centre in Beni Suef:

The offices and laboratories will be covered Fig.33 - 05: showing the main elements in the with transparent glass facades to move away from a dull façade of SabSabancı University, (archdaily, 2018). form and to exhibit the movements of people inside the building. (Author, 2018) -Energy Efficiency

The choice of materials, recycling, and the positioning of the spaces with respect to the natural lighting: all of these design issues became an integral part of the project itself, and helped the building obtain LEED platinum certification. (Author, 2018)

Fig.32 - 05: showing the main elements in the façade of SabSabancı University, (archdaily, 2018).

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Fig.34 - 05: Main elevation (Shahin, 2018)

Fig.35 - 05: Ground plan zoning (Shahin, 2018) illustrated by (Authors, 2018). Scale1/600

Fig.36 - 05: first plan zoning (Shahin, 2018) illustrated by (Authors, 2018). Scale1/600

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Fig.37 - 05: Ground plan circulation (Shahin, 2018) illustrated by (Authors, 2018). Scale1/650

Fig.39 - 05: Ground plan structure (Shahin, 2018) illustrated by (Authors, 2018). Scale1/650

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Fig.38 - 05: first plan circulation (Shahin, 2018) illustrated by (Authors, 2018). Scale1/650

Fig.40 - 05: first plan structure (Shahin, 2018) illustrated by (Authors, 2018). Scale1/650

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Fig.41 - 05: office climatic section (Shahin, 2018) Scale1/250

Fig.42 - 05: climatic section (Shahin, 2018) illustrated by (Authors, 2018). Scale1/500

Fig.43 - 05: office plan (Shahin, 2018) Scale1/250

Fig.44 - 05: lab (Shahin, 2018)

Fig.45 - 05: green house (Shahin, 2018)

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Fig.46 - 05: patios (Shahin, 2018)

Design issues applied in the case study:

Ventilation : Ventilation moves outdoor air into a building or a room, and distributes the air within the building or room. The general purpose of ventilation in buildings is to provide healthy air for breathing by both diluting the pollutants originating in the building and removing the pollutants from it (Etheridge & Sandberg, 1996; Awbi, 2003).

Applying the previous issues to the research Centre in Beni Suef:

Guarantee light and ventilation in all workspaces reducing the consumption of artificial lighting .

Fig.47 - 05: mezzanine section (Shahin, 2018) illustrated by (Authors, 2018).

Scale1/800

Fig.48 - 05: office (Shahin, 2018)

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2.Vanke Architecture Research Center Introduction Located at Dongguan, China, Vanke Architecture Research Center (VARC) focuses on housing industry related studies. It will become the research base of special architectural material, lowenergy consumption methodology and eco-landscape study. Environmental friendly material development is the focus of eco-landscape study, such as the application of precast concrete modules in future real-estate projects, the exploration of different types of pervious materials and plant selection and arrangement etc. In order to achieve the goal of low maintenance overall in the campus, two major issues need to be addressed: a) stormwater management; b) low maintenance construction and planting material. (Zhang, 2014)

Fig.49 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center (landezine,2014)

Fig.50 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center (landezine,2014)

Fig.51 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center (landezine,2014)

Fig.52 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center (landezine,2014)

Fig.53 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center (landezine,2014)

Fig.54 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center (landezine,2014)

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Fig.55 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center (landezine,2014)

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Fig.56 - 05: Vanke Architecture Research Center (landezine,2014)

Zoning Run off Quantity Controlling: Two small triangular sites are designed as “Ripple Gardens�. Conduct planting design experiment in a triangular parcel to compare short bushes with lawns. The canopy tree is the most efficient element in storm water management because of prolonged rainwater dripping period. The slope of the lawn and the wave can be adjusted to realize best infiltration effect without triggering water-logging or speedy flow. We examine different hardscape materials in a semi-circular parcel. The space between the waves adopts different pervious material (the bark, the ceramics, the gravel and sand etc.). The edge of the waves is designed to observe and compare the overflow amount of different materials. (Zhang, 2014)

Fig.57 - 05: Diagram illustrates the different project spaces (landezine,2014) illustrated by (Author,2018) Scale1/1500

Main zones that could be applied to the research centre To sum up the zoning of the revious case study, its recomended to add the following spaces with same specefied areas respectively: ripple gardens, windmill gardens, labs ,oficces and services.

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Technical Applications Stormwater Quality Controlling: In the “Windmill Garden�, a 32m-tall windmill provides power for pumping the collected stormwater to the building roof for oxygen-exposure. The primary purification is not finished until the water falls down to the retention pool. Then, the stormwater passes a series of phytoremediation pools, incorporating the passage forsight-seeing and maintenance. The re-purified stormwater flows through an examination valve. The standardized purified water enters a reflection pool, serving as a child-playing space. The unqualified water returns to the cycling system for another round of purification. (Zhang, 2014)

Fig.58 - 05: Diagram illustrating Technical A(landezine,2014) illustrated by (Author,2018)

Applied Design Issues Environmental Impact Low maintenance construction & planting materials: Precast concrete (PC) technique is well developed and widely used in US and EU countries. In terms of appearance, the size, color and texture of PC modules are hardly different from those of granite. Meanwhile, it has significant meaning of low-energy consumption. First, the replacement of PC over granite avoids extreme mining. Secondly, most paving areas employ concrete sub support slab in China. Therefore, the penetration of rain water cannot be realized anywhere where there is pavement—both for vehicle or pedestrian passage. PC is so thick that the concrete slab can be defaulted, and the rain water penetration can be strengthened. Meanwhile, PC can be customized to enable grass-embedded pavement. It can improve the visual effects and eco-significance of large pavement area stipulated by regulations, such as the parking lot and the fire lane. Besides, we also design various outdoor PC structures, such as benches and bike racks etc. With the help of mould, the appearance can be customized and the endurance can be improved to be used widely in future housing projects in China. (Zhang, 2014)

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Fig.59 - 05: Diagram illustrating the different environmental studies (landezine,2014) illustrated by (Author,2018)

Fig.60 - 05: Diagram illustrating the different environmental studies (landezine,2014) illustrated by (Author,2018)

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Cirulation

Fig.61 - 05: Diagram illustrates the circulations in the project (landezine,2014) illustrated by (Author,2018)

Conclusion We should use special architectural material, low-energy consumption methodology and ecolandscape study. Environmental friendly material development is the focus of eco-landscape study.

In order to achieve the goal of low maintenance overall two major issues need to be addressed: a) stormwater management; b) low maintenance construction and planting material.

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Fig.62 - 05: Bioprocess Innovation Centre, US (archdaily, 2017)

Fig.63 - 05: Bioprocess Innovation Centre, US (archdaily, 2017)

Fig.65 - 05: Ground Floor (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018) Scale1/800

Fig.67 - 05: First Floor (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018) Scale1/800

Fig.64 - 05: Laboratory Area, Bioprocess Innovation Centre, US (archdaily, 2017)

Fig.66 - 05: Second Floor (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018) Scale1/800

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Fig.68 - 05: Circulation in Ground Floor (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018) Scale1/800

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Fig.69 - 05: Circulation in First Floor (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018) Scale1/800

Fig.70 - 05: Circulation in Second Floor (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018)

Fig.71 - 05: Sec. 1-1 Vertical Circulation in the Building (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018) Scale1/800

Fig.72 - 05: Sec. 2-2 Horizontal & Vertical Circulation in the Building (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018) Scale1/800

Fig.73 - 05: Elevation (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018) Scale1/800

Fig.74 - 05: Sec. 1-1 Vertical Circulation in the Building (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018) Scale1/800

Fig.76 - 05: Sec. 2-2 Building masses (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018)

Fig.75 - 05: Sec. 2-2 (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018) Scale1/800

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Fig.77 - 05: Building Openings ratio (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018)

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Fig.78 - 05: Building Openings ratio (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018)

Fig.79 - 05: Building Openings ratio (archdaily, 2017) Illustrated by (Author, 2018)

Design issues applied in the case study:

-Visibility: Which applied with the optical connection between in & out, (User) and surrounding context (forest) by the wide openings of curtain wall.

-Circulation: The building is divided into bars, each bar is representing a department which shows a horizontal circulation, in addition of a vertical circulation by the stair which connecting the bars together.

Applying the previous issues to the research Centre in Beni Suef:

-Connection between the user and the green plants (Medicinal and Aromatic) which will be planted in the project landscape must be clear, and to prevent the negative views by the project’s masses.

-Take into consideration t to approximate the distances between the different zones and create a clear connection between the different departments.

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4.Agricultural Research and Development Center for Carrefour in France’s Silicon Valley

Fig.80 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center (Clement Blanchet, 2018)

General Information:

-Location 91400 Saclay, France

-Architects Clément Blanchet

-Landscape Architect MUGO

-Date: 2017 – 2020

-Area 8500.0 m2 Fig.81 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center

-Program: 8,500m2 (learning center, auditorium, restaurant, (Clement Blanchet, 2018) labs, etc…)

“The project highlights ‘the privilege of the site’ by opening its natural spaces to knowledge,”

Fig.82 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center Plan (Clement Blanchet, 2018) Scale1/1250

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Fig.83 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center Plan (Clement Blanchet, 2018) Scale1/1000

Design Issue: Interaction:

Instead of compartmentalizing each universe of the building,we wondered about their potential complementarily by seeking to create a framework which fosters the exchange of ideas and knowledge and provides the opportunity to live in a shared environment.

(Clement Blanchet, 2018)

Fig.84 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center Internal view (Clement Blanchet, 2018)

Fig.85 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center Internal view (Clement Blanchet, 2018)

Conclusion:

Opening up spaces that allows users to interact with each other, also allows them to interact with the environment and that increases the opportunities for interactive meetings.

(Author,2018)

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Design Issue: Flexibility:

Fig.86 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center Internal view (Clement Blanchet, 2018)

At the same time the main hall is adaptable to future developments in research and teaching. The partitions allow the extension or the contracting of the spaces, the adding of a new block in the center, the possibility to turn an office space into a laboratory. (Clement Blanchet, 2018)

Fig.87 - 05: Agricultural Research and Development Center Internal view (Clement Blanchet, 2018)scale 1/1200

Conclusion: The flexibility in the spaces to use multiple furniture in the same place. The main hall that have the ability to be used in a variable activities.(Author,2018)

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5.spanish portuguese agricultural research center • Architects: Canvas Arquitectos.

• Collaborators Architects: Marta Gonzalez Antón, Iñigo Pericacho Sánchez, Jesús Domínguez Miñambres, Carmen Figueiras Lorenzo, Jaime Pérez Linares, Claudia Henao Ocampo, Miguel Angel Zarzoso, Luis Ferreira Villar, Eduardo Dorado Díaz, Iñigo Pericacho Sánchez.

• Client: Fundacion Parque Cientifico Usal.

• Contractor: Dragados.

• Area: 4800.0 m2 General Information

This laboratory is meant for research and Fig.88 - 05: (Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012) experimentation in farming and plant maintenance.

It has the infrastructure required to conduct research related to agricultural activities in the field of physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology of plants, fungus and microorganisms.

The site is part of a bigger area of environmental interest close to the river Tormes. We therefore propose an intervention in which the architecture is not imposed but rather becomes part of the territory. We intend to rethink the existing terrain into a new transformed landscape and discover a hidden morphology in the site through the activation of the current topography.

Working on it emerged a series of folds and movements that have defined a landscape in which is recognized the former one. (Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012) Zoning

The new building emerges in the landscape distancing itself from a housing environment without a clear order, with different shapes and indiscriminate occupation. The topographic redevelopment of the site lead to two levels: in the upper, with the entrance from the street, the building is hidden in the landscape, while the lower level opens onto the river, separating from the ground by piles that isolate the construction of possible floods.

The educational program is located in a representative volume that occupies the upper level of the access. The research program and Fig.89 - 05: Zonning (Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural support facilities occupy an elongated half-buried Research Center, 2012) Scale1/1800 volume that gives access to different nuanced services through an interior street.

The laboratories are situated in four cubes on piles, guiding their views to the river and being separated in such a way to allow a sequenced view to the river bank from the common area.

(Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012)

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Structure system

The construction era for systems that simplify the complexity of the building and ease the implementation phase. The building is separated from the ground and supported by piles, the structure was revealed throughout the building, and the establishment of a heavy and stable world. On the contrary, facade systems are light and dry to install their temporary and removable character.

A gallery of accessible facilities under the slabs runs the building all the way long.

This infrastructure can solve the maintenance and further introduction of new services and technology. This solution avoids ceilings that would hide the structure and blur the proposal.

Fig.90 - 05: (structural system,Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012)

(Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012)

Masses

The educational program is located in a representative volume that occupies the upper level of the access. The research program and support facilities occupy an elongated half-buried volume that gives access to different nuanced services through an interior street. The laboratories are situated in four cubes on piles, guiding their views to the river and being separated in such a way Fig.91 - 05: (masses,Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural to allow a sequenced view to the river bank Research Center, 2012) from the common area.

The relationship between the volumes of the laboratories and the one containing the educational program set up a wide compositional sequence allied to the cadence of the vegetation and topography of the bank, which helps the building to integrate itself into the landscape. The highest level of the plot has direct access to the didactic and administrative program, and from the lower it is possible to enter the building through the laboratory areas. Their support zones are virtually buried by ensuring appropriate insulation. (Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012)

Circulation

In the closest area to the river there are a number of greenhouses connected by a path outside, inside them is particularly suitable the research related to the agrobiotechnology. Fig.92 - 05: (circulation,Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012) Scale1/1800

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The research area is reached after crossing the pronounced cut of the slab that supports the roof garden, a ramp guides you to the hall and the interior street that goes across and articulate the whole.

Through a glass wall protected by the eaves of the roof garden, light flows in this elongated and complex space that, despite undergoing the strictness demanded by the functional program, is energized with ramps and galleries that give way to the platforms of the different laboratory volumes, the exit zone Fig.93 - 05: (solid&void,Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012) Scale1/1250 or the teaching building; this varied sequence receives more interest having as a background reference the dense layer of trees and river water.

(Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012)

Solid & Void

The most complex operation performed is on the ground, and special attention has been taken in order to ensure that once realized it will barely be perceived. The architecture is clear and easily understandable, seeks a flexible and versatile scheme, able to solve the appearance of new programs that will necessarily be incorporated into the research Fig.94 - 05: (solid&void,Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012) complex. (Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center, 2012)

Conclusion

The architect uses green roofs to make the building more sustainable. He designed buildings by specific method to make shadow on each other. He uses glass on the elevation to make natural lightening.

Design issues applied to the project Environmental Impact

The project is surrounded by green areas Fig.95 - 05: (relation between masses,Spanish-Portuguese that filters the air. And we can apply this in our Agricultural Research Center, 2012) project by planting more green areas to give a good impression. (Author,2018) Security

The project has two main entrances and one main axe which lead to all project components so this project has a good security. And we can apply this in our project by designing one or two entrances to control on visitors and staff. (Author,2018)

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Design issues applied to the project: -Environmental Impact:

The domes are constructed with a pattern of skylights automated to open and close for ventilation. (Author, 2018) -Energy Efficiency:

The soil moisture is constructed with consideration to thermal inertia to cool the inside of the research center to avoid the need for air conditioning. (Author, 2018) Photovoltaic cells are contained between the two glass panels that form the transparent canopy.

Applying the energy efficiency to the research Centre in Beni Suef:

Applying the PV cells strategy to the Research Centre in Beni Suef will provide more than 5% of the electricity required by the building. (calacademy.org, 2018)

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Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center Conclusion

There are different local/regional/international projects which are close to the selected project in some certain criteria that can help us to support the project and prevent future problems.(Author,2018)

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Chapter

Site Selection

06

Site Selection Criteria Site 1 Location SWOT Analysis

Site 2 Location SWOT Analysis

Site 3 Location SWOT Analysis

Site Selection Urban Analysis

Chapter five shows the criteria and the methods that is adapted to choose the most suitable site for the selected projec ,running through three different options and choosing one of them depending on the criteria.

Urban analysis such as Land uses, building conditions, building heights and accessibility studies where made to each site to assure the quality of the chosen site.

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Chapter 06: Site Selection Site selection Criteria

-The site should be suitable for a broad range of education and training facilities.

-Sites should have good access to public transportation options that serve important destinations.

-The site should be next to educational facilities, specially faculty of pharmacy and faculty of agriculture.

-It’s preferable to be located near agricultural lands or extensions.

-The site shouldn’t be surrounded by high rise buildings so direct sun can access the buildings easily.

3 ٍSite Proposals

Fig.01 - 06 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, The Location of the suggested 3 Sites (Author,2018)

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Chapter 06: Site Selection Site 1

Location Area :32,000 M2

Fig.02 - 06 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, The Location of the suggested Site 1 (Author,2018) Scale 1/30000

SWOT Analysis

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Chapter 06: Site Selection Site 2

Location Area :25,000 M2

Fig.03 - 06 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, The Location of the suggested Sites 2 (Author,2018) Scale 1/30000

SWOT Analysis

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Chapter 06: Site Selection Site 3

Location Area :30,000 M2

Fig.04 - 06 : Basemap of New Beni Suef, The Location of the suggested Site 3 (Author,2018) Scale 1/30000

SWOT Analysis

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Chapter 06: Site Selection Site selection Criteria

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Chapter 06: Site Selection Enivironmental analysis

Fig.05 - 06 :Environmental analysis (Author,2018)

Fig.06 - 06 : Site Views (Author,2018)

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Chapter 06: Site Selection Site Selection (Site 1)

Urban Analysis

. Streets Network

Fig.07 - 06 : Basemap of Site 1, Street Hierarchy (Author,2018) scale 1/5000

Fig.08 - 06 : 3D Shot of Site 1, Street Hierarchy (Author,2018)

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Urban Analysis (Site 1)

. Landuse

Fig.09 - 06 : Basemap of Site 1, Landuse (Author,2018) Scale 1/3000

Fig 10 - 06 : Building Condition Percentages (Author,2018)

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Urban Analysis (Site 1)

. Building Conditions

Fig.11 - 06 : Basemap of Site 1, Building Condiyions (Author,2018) Scale 1/3000

Fig 12 - 06 : Building in good condition (Author,2018)

Fig 13- 06 : Building condition percentage(Author,2018)

Fig 14 - 06 : cemetries in good condition (Author,2018)

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Urban Analysis (Site 1)

. Building Heights

Fig.15 - 06 : Basemap of Site 1, Building Heights (Author,2018) Scale 1/3000

Fig 16 - 06 : Building Height with 3-4 floors (Author,2018)

Fig 17 - 06 : Building Heights Percentages (Author,2018)

Fig 18 - 06 : Building Height with 5-7 floors (Author,2018)

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Urban Analysis (Site 1)

. Solid & Voids

Fig.19 - 06 : Basemap of Site 1, Solid & Void (Author,2018) Scale 1/3000

Fig.20 - 06 : Solid & Void Percentages (Author,2018)

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Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center Conclusion

After the field visit to the New Beni Suef City, we have made urban analyses which lead us to some points that defined our site selection criteria. According to these criteria, we have chosen the best site out of three suggested sites to build up our project in it.

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Chapter Project Requirements

07

Program Analysis Design Guide Lines Equipments Requirments

This chapter will discuss a set of design principles and spaces requirements for designing medicinal and aromatic plants Research Centre.

In addition of design guidelines for the required spaces in the project.

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Chapter 06: Project Requirements Program Analysis

Main Zones:

Laboratories Department.

Research Department.

Visitors Department.

Detailed Program:

Laboratories Department:

Labs.

Drying Labs (sun, shade, fan and freeze drying).

Microscope Labs.

Extraction Labs.

Quality control labs.

Green Houses.

Experimental animal houses.

Sterilization Rooms.

Offices.

Storage. - Chemical store.

Service (corridors, toilets, stairs, elevators).

Research Department:

Computer Labs.

Archive.

Offices.

Storage.

Library.

Lecture Halls.

Training authority.

Service (corridors, toilets, stairs, elevators).

Visitors Department:

Entrance Hall.

Administration offices.

Exhibition.

Multipurpose Hall.

Commercial authority. (shops that offers the products like the volatile oil that are produced from the labs and the researches)

Restaurants.

Storage.

Service (corridors, toilets, stairs, elevators).

(Author, 2018)

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Table 01 - 07 Design Programe (Author,2018)

Laboratories Department

5500 m2

Drying Labs (sun, shade, fan and freeze drying) 6 labs (100 m2)

600 m2

Microscope Labs. 6 labs (100 m2) Extraction Labs. 6 labs (100 m2) Quality control labs. 3 labs (100 m2) Green Houses Experimental animal houses Sterilization Rooms Offices Chemical store Services Research Department

600 m2 600 m2 300 m2 2000 m2 100 m2 300 m2 200 m2 300 m2.

500 m2 3300 m2

Computer Labs Archive Library Lecture Halls Training authority Storage Offices Service

800 m2 100 m2 600 m2 400 m2 600 m2 200 m2 200 m2 400 m2

Visitors Department

4050 m2

Entrance Hall

250 m2

Administration offices Exhibition.

800 m2 600 m2

Multipurpose Hall Commercial authority

800 m2 400 m2

Restaurants.

Storage Service Total

400 m2 200 m2 600 m2 12,850 m2

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Design Guidelines for labs:

Area:

60 m2

Climate control:

Climate controlled spaces such as warm rooms and cold rooms usually do not

have fresh air provided to them.

Windows:

If the laboratory has windows that open, they must be fitted with insect screens.

The windows should not be less than 20% of all hall area.

The minimum window sill is 1.80m best (2.20m).

It’s preferred to use aluminum window which transfer more amount of sunlight.

Relations:

Quite place.

It’s preferred to have an easy access to the documentation labs.

It’s preferred to locate the labs in ground level

Shelves:

Laboratory shelving should not be installed at heights and distances which require workers to reach 30 centimeters above shoulder height and extend arms greater than 30 centimeters while holding objects 16 kg or less when standing on the floor or on a 12” step stool Tables:

The space between adjacent workstations and laboratory benches should be 5 ft. or greater to provide ease of access. In a teaching laboratory, the desired spacing is 6 ft.Bench spacing shall be considered and included in specifications and plans.

Doors:

The laboratory doors shall be automatically selfclosing. Self-closing doors are to be able to be opened with a minimum of effort as to allow access and egress for physically challenged individuals.

Fig.01 - 07 : labs shelves & Tables (www.rdm-ind.com, 2018)

Doors must open outward.

Door minimum width 1.0m, best 2leafs 1.2m each and the minimum height 2.1m.

The labs should have 2 doors as a minimum number of doors.

The storage door should open towards the corridors.

Fig.02 - 07 : self-closing door (www.rdm-ind.com, 2018)

115 Storage:

Storage area should represent 20% of the total area.

Safety:

Air Pressure: Lab air is designed to be slightly under negative pressure to the

hallway so that odors do not escape from the lab into the hallways. To maintain the

negative pressure, lab doors should remain closed.

It should have 2 emergency exits in each lab.

It should have the first aid kit and fire extinguisher, fire alarm system, fire

detection system, suction fans and steel curtain (fire resistant) .

Furniture:

Furniture in the labs should be fixed.

Finishing:

Walls, floors and interior finishing must resist of acid –alkali and easy washing and cleaning.

Fig.03- 07 : wall finishing (unitdx.com, 2018)

Fig.04 - 07 : labs with different furniture (Nufert,2015)

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Design Guide Lines

Fig.05 - 07 : labs with different furniture(Nufert,2015)

Fig.06- 07 : labs with different furniture (Nufert,2015)

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Design Guide Lines

Design Guidelines for Cleaning and Sterilization Rooms:

.Area:

200 m2

.Safety:

Air Pressure: Lab air is designed to be slightly under negative pressure to the

hallway so that odors do not escape from the lab into the hallways. To maintain the

negative pressure, lab doors should remain closed.

.Storage:

Storage area should represent 20% of the total area.

Fig.07- 07 : Sterilization furniture plan (Nufert,2015)

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Chapter 06: Project Requirements

Design Guide Lines

Design Guidelines for Greenhouses:

.Area:

1000 m2

The floor of buildings should be 6 to 8 inches above surrounding ground level.

.Orientation:

Good solar access is needed throughout the day and year to get enough light

energy for photosynthesis. Shelter belts to the north can provide wind protection and

energy conservation.

.Storage:

An area for storage of materials including soil mix, containers, chemicals and

equipment is needed. Indoor storage for some items is desirable for easy access and

protection from weather. This can be in a head house or separate building.

Fig.08 - 07 : Greenhouses dimensions

Fig.09- 07 : Different Greenhouses Design

Fig.10 - 07 : Greenhouses dimensions

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Chapter 06: Project Requirements

Design Guide Lines

Fig.11 - 07 : Greenhouses Structure

Fig.12- 07 : Greenhouses component

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Chapter 06: Project Requirements Equipments Requirments

Fig.13 - 07 : Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR Machine)

The NMR produces radio waves into magnetic resonance to detect sensitive radiations.

(Author, 2018)

Fig.14 - 07 : Water Deionization Machine

Water deionization systems remove ions and minerals by synthetic ion exchange. (coleparmer.co.uk, 2018)

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Equipments Requirments

Fig.16- 07 : Grinder Machine

Fig.15 - 07 : Bulk Grinder Machine

Fig.17- 07 : Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC Machine)

UPLC is an advanced technology that takes the advantages of high technologies such as particle size to increase the sensitivity and speed of the liquid chromatography. (Hussain, 2016)

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Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center Conclusion

In this chapter we reach to certain principles and standards according to our past studies in the previous chapters that will be our guideline reference to design The Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Centre.

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Chapter

Sustainability

08

Environment Social Economic

“Chapter seven illustrates the types of sustainability and how it is connected to the society and culture, giving case studies and examples about sustainability and how it can be reflected in the project to be achieved perfectly in the society. (Author,2018)

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Chapter 07: Sustainability

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Chapter 07: Sustainability

Environment Environmental sustainability

Environmental sustainability is the rates of renewable resource harvest, pollution creation, and non-renewable resource depletion that can be continued indefinitely.

The aim is to achieve sustainable development that leads to transformational change and real improvement in the environment where scientific researchers are conducted according to Egypt vision 2030 that frames the government’s actions for the next 15 years covering the three elements of sustainable development including environmental sustainability. (agr.gc.ca, 2018)

Applications: Greenhouses

A greenhouse is a structure with walls and roof made chiefly of transparent material, such as glass, in which plants requiring regulated climatic conditions are grown.

Fig.03 - 08: Medicinal Plants greenhouse, St Catherine (alternativeegypt, 2018)

The main goal is to provide the desirable environment for medicinal plants within the quality control of the researchers and the care of certified experts to assure the safe environment for the growth of the medicinal plants.

Another goal to be achieved through the greenhouses is to minimize the shipping distance to and from the production land of the medicinal plants and the research Centre.

Operation of greenhouse

The warmer temperature in a greenhouse occurs by passing the solar radiation through transparent walls and roofs, then the warmed air cannot escape the greenhouse through convection, so the temperature rises in the greenhouse, this theory is known as the greenhouse effect. (agr.gc.ca, 2018)

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Examples

The Greenhouse Complex of the London Research and Development Centre

Agricultural London research and development center is a house of a 10 million dollars greenhouse complex, the center is an excellent example of researches in fields like bio based products, agricultural development and biotechnology.

The greenhouse complex provides an environment that fits the research facilities that contributes to productivity and sustainable development.

Research project attached to the greenhouse are aiming to:

-Identifying trees germplasm that is resistant to some viruses.

-Using protein trafficking techniques to develop plant based animal vacancies.

Facts and numbers:

-Total greenhouse area: 832 square

meters

-Total greenhouse bench area: 257 m2

-Height to gutters: 6.4 meters

-Header house area: 560 m2

The green house is designed to provide maximum flexibility and space use efficiency.

Fig.04 - 08: Medicinal Plants greenhouse, St Catherine (agr. gc.ca, 2018)

-A combination of large and small compartments enables researchers sharing similar environment needs to work within the same space.

-The state-of-the-art environmental control system provides a wide range of temperature, lighting and humidity settings, and enables archiving and tracking over the course of the experiment.

-Rolling benches provides maximization of usable space with easy access.

The header house Planting operation takes place in the header house, it’s also prepared with tightly regulated, safe handling environment it’s also equipped with:

-25 m2 of sink and bench space

-washrooms, lockers and shower facilities

-42 m2 soil preparation room

-Additional space for cold rooms and growth cabinets.

Fig.05 - 08: Side view of greenhouse complex of the London Research and Development Centre (agr.gc.ca, 2018)

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Applying greenhouses to a research centre

Dutch designer Marjan van Aubel has built up a self-fuelled hydroponic rooftop that produces sun powered vitality to enhance great conditions for development, in an offer to handle the issue of sustenance deficiencies. the wedge-formed structure, called Power Plant, utilises solar panels to keep up an indoor atmosphere, and power an incorporated hydroponic framework. (Hitti, 2018) Power Plant harvests energy through sun oriented innovation incorporated into the glass used to shape its structure, which means each surface is productive.

The vitality picked up from the solar cells is utilised to control and keep up greenhouse indoor atmosphere, including a hydroponic framework that pumps around supplement imbued water involving a blend of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. This lessens water utilization by up to 90 percent Fig.06 - 08: The Power Plant concept sees rows of plants and produce contrasted with soil cultivating. nourished by a hydroponic system (Hitti, 2018)

Power Plant harvests energy through sun oriented innovation incorporated into the glass used to shape its structure, which means each surface is productive.

The vitality picked up from the solar cells is utilised to control and keep up greenhouse indoor atmosphere, including a hydroponic framework that pumps around supplement imbued water involving a blend of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. This lessens water utilization by up to 90 percent contrasted with soil cultivating.

In any case, the greenhouse could likewise be introduced in spots without simple, or any, accessto power, to empower individuals to develop sustenance in spots where this was beyond the realm of imagination previously.

Van Aubel additionally observes them being utilized in shared community, business parks and research centres spaces, similar to rooftop cultivate regions for instance. As the framework deals with the plants, little support is required.

Applying the greenhouses which could also be installed in more isolated locations have the ability to exist in deserts and far away from electricity sources will help in providing vegetation and planting aromatic plants to be accessible for the research centre. (Hitti, 2018) Fig.07 - 08: Greenhouses could also be installed in isolated locations(Hitti, 2018)

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greenhouse-filled offices in amsterdam

Glasshouses twofold as casual gathering spots inside this previous distribution center in Amsterdam, which has been changed over into workplaces for a pushchair organization by Dutch studio Space Encounters. (Mairs, 2016 )

They split the space into two passageway like workplaces isolated by tall, plant-filled glasshouses, which achieve the entire far up to the rooftop, where they interface with bay windows.

(Mairs, 2016 )

Fig.08 - 08: Local architecture and design studio removed all the internal walls at ground level(Mairs, 2016 )

Fig.09 - 08: A double-height space containing seating is set on one side of the greenhouses.(Mairs, 2016 )

Fig.10 - 08: Two storeys of office space are set on the other side of the row of greenhouses.(Mairs, 2016 )

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Environment

Energy efficiency

Energy efficiency, is the goal to reduce the amount of energy required to provide products and services

The buildings sector in Egypt is responsible for 26% of the total overall energy consumption.

However, the sector accounts for 60% of the total electricity consumption and around 70% of resultant CO2 emissions. [Fig 06 - 07 , Fig 07 - 07]

Thus the sustainable development need to be encouraged and efforts need to be added to establish an effective infrastructure to implement sustainable environment and that can be achieved through number of factors. (agr.gc.ca, 2018)

Fig.11 - 08: chart showing energy consumption in Egypt (carboun, 2018)

Fig.12 - 08: energy efficiency applications (carboun, 2018)

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Environment

Example: PHARMACIA BUILDING Q, SK OKIE, ILLINOIS

Building Q on Pharmacia Corporation’s research campus in Skokie, Illinois, is designed to be a world-class facility for chemistry research. The building’s architecture reflects its dedication to innovation, and interior spaces are filled with natural light.

These bright spaces help to create a comfortable work environment that Fig.13 - 08: PHARMACIA BUILDING Q, SKOKIE, ILLINOIS (labs21.lbl. fosters the discovery of new gov, 2018) pharmaceutical solutions. For its many efficient, sustainable design features, Building Q received a Gold certification through the U.S. Green Buildings Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system.

Based on the simulation, bundling many energy efficiency measures together into the design reduced energy consumption by an estimated 38% in comparison to a code-compliant reference case. Annual cost savings were originally estimated to be approximately $840,000

Also chosen was spectrally selective glazing—glass that lets in light but less heat than standard glass—to provide day lighting.

One important environmental strategy was to bring natural light into the building.

Its long axis is oriented north/south, which presents a challenge in terms of the building’s ability to control direct-beam radiation. The perimeter windows use spectrally selective low-emissivity (low-E) glass. Low-E glass allows visible light to permeate the building but filters the infrared rays that generate heat.

Fig.14 - 08: the perimeter windows contain low-E glazing, as do the special skylights. (labs21.lbl.gov, 2018)

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Social sustainability

Equity - the community provides equitable opportunities and outcomes for all its members, particularly the poorest and most vulnerable members of the community.

Diversity - the community promotes and encourages diversity.

Quality of life - the community ensures that basic needs are met and fosters a good quality of life for all members at the individual, group and community level (e.g. health, housing, education, employment, safety)

Social sustainability aims to achieve social equality and development by supporting the capabilities of the human resources. The project will provide job creation, social engagement and linking the communities with the environment and the ecosystems. (caep.org, 2018)

The research Centre might include social engagement that will have the ability to support the research and the production of the medicinal and aromatic products. (labs21.lbl.gov, 2018)

A great part of social sustainability that must be taken into consideration is social awareness.

Fresh graduates, students and researches should raise the aware of the whole community about the importance of the natural resources in general especially the wealth of the aromatic plants in Beni Suef city.(Author,2018) The project will provide job creation, social engagement and linking the communities with the environment and students training. (Author,2018) Example: THAMES GATEWAY

The case study chosen from UK is the Thames Gateway; which is the UK’s largest regeneration program, stretching for 40 miles along the Thames estuary from the London Docklands to South end in Essex and Sheerness in Kent.

The project brief is for the Thames Gateway to be a place where people choose to live and stay, where businesses choose to locate and where investors choose to invest (Department for Communities and Local Government, 2007).

It reflects how this project will build on opportunities that offer to the society:

-Community opportunity through investment in education and training, better quality

public services and support for inclusive communities.

-Employment opportunity in town centers and in key regeneration areas, developing the

potential in local businesses and brown field sites

-Housing opportunity to accommodate the region’s growing workforce and improve

conditions for current residents

The UK case study showed a depth in the people-oriented perspective with numerous references were made to the maintenance of increasing social mix, bringing communities together and finding innovative ways to increase employment and reduce poverty. (eg.undp.org, 2018)

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Social

Applying social engagment to the research centre Students Training

Training students and fresh graduates in the field of aromatic and medicinal plants. program includes chances to run the freshest consolidates, and innovation. Get presented to extensive custom collecting activities and take in the most productive harvesting techniques, general support abilities, and advertising of custom gathering crops.

Fig.15 - 08: Training students and fresh graduates in the field of aromatic and medicinal plants. (caep.org, 2018)

Job Creation Providing jobs for fresh graduates and youth interested in medicinal and aromatic plants.

Fig.16 - 08: An employee with medicinal marijuana plants in the flowering room at Tweed INC. in Smith Falls, Ontario, on December 5, 2016.(caep.org, 2018)

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Economic

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Economic

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Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Center Conclusion

Sustainability is one of the most important principles that should be implemented in our project. There are three key elements that should be considered by sustainability which are (Environment, Social, Economy) and benefit from their applications to have a globally successful upcoming projects in the Upper Egypt Region. (Author,2018)

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Chapter

Concepts

Peter Yousry Rezkalla Basman Sayed Zaky Mohamed Younis Ali Mohamed Omar Seada Mohamed Mostafa Omar Hassan Ragab Kholoud Zakaria Helmi Mark Samuel Wakim Al Moatasem Bellah Ahmed

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140 Missions

To present Beni Suef city as a major part of the 2030 development vision in Egypt by: - Supporting the field of scientific research globaly to represent Egypt as a viable country in scientific research, and locally in the city of Beni Suef.

- Raising the consciousness of the Aromatic plants and the planting riches in Beni Suef.

- Supporting the studies of Masters, PhD and Higher Diploma understudies and preparing university understudies in different fields of Medicinal and Aromatic plant studies.

Visions The Medicinal and Aromatic plants research center aspires to increase the econemy and the creation of Medicinal plants globally and locally through: - The production of the active substance in the volatile oil.

- Increasing the Fertilizers.

- Solving the sewage problems.

- Stopping the trespassing over Agricultural lands.

Objectives - To support the field of scientific research in Beni Suef city we should establish an Aromatic and Medicinal plants research center that consists of labs, and library.

- To raise the awareness of the Aromatic and Medicinal plants there should be a Green houses, and sterilizations.

- To support the studies of Masters, PhD and Higher Diploma students training authorities, and lecture halls must be available.

3-giving manageable condition, economy and socity through enacting economical plan procedures, for example, A-Energy effeciency perspectives B-Passive systems C-Technology studies D-Green architcture standards E-Indoor air quality

Fig 1: Lecture Hall. (www.spa-corp. com)

Fig 2: Green houses. (www.gpnmag. com)

Fig 3: Labs. (ttps://www.medgadget. com)

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Sustainability & Technology The sustainable development need to be encouraged and efforts need to be added to establish an effective infrastructure to implement sustainable environment and that can be achieved through number of factors. (Vanke,2011) - Having a windmill to provide power for pumping the collected stormwater to the building roof for oxygen-exposure. (Vanke,2011) - Making Ripple Gardens which contains of The canopy trees which is an efficient element in storm water management because of prolonged rainwater dripping period. The slope of the lawn and the wave can be adjusted to realize best infiltration effect without triggering water-logging or speedy flow. (Vanke,2011) - Applying photovoltaic panels to the whole project in order reduse energy consumption as The buildings sector in Egypt is responsible for 26% of the total overall energy consumption.

However, the sector accounts for 60% of the total electricity consumption and around 70% of resultant CO2 emissions. (Vanke,2011)

Fig. 04-09: Photovoltaic panels. (http://www.heating-plumbers.com)

Fig.05-09: Ripple Gardens (Vanke,2011)

Fig.06-09: Windmill. (https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windmill)

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Environmental Strategies To achieve this strategy we can use Methodology of low energy consumption and study of ecolandscape. Low maintenance and planting materials like prefabricated concrete (PC) technology. It has a substantial significance of low energy consumption. The penetration of rainwater can not be realized anywhere, both for vehicles or pedestrian passage. (Vanke,2011) To achieve the goal of low maintenance in the campus as a whole, two major issues must be addressed: a) the management of storm water. b) low maintenance and planting materials.

Fig.07-09: Stormwater management (sustainablecampus, n.d.)

Fig. 08-09: low maintenance and planting materials. (Vanke,2011)

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Concept 1 Environmental Impacts The concept is about dividing the project To three main zones and each structure of the zones is designed to respect the environmental impact of the site.

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Inspiration

Cantilevered open space. (Homedit, n.d.)

The Cafe-Bar open space is an interesting project. The project consisted of a hybrid structure, a traditional tavern with elements from a 13th century building located in Murau, along the Mur river in Austria. The projects comprise a wood and steel combination and an extension, the Open Space Bar which is a cantilevered volume. (Homedit, n.d.)

Fig. 17 -09:

Haus V. (Wikimedia Commons, 2017)

Fig. 18 -09:

Haus V (smart home in Unterfรถhring) is a samrt home that is cantilivered in order to give shade to the outdoor activity. (Wikimedia Commons, 2017)

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Concept 2

Sustainability The concept is to demonstrate how the buildings and the site can become an urban regenerative network armature. This network uses the core resources of the facility, such as its physical footprint, area and structure, waste heat and CO2.

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Inspirations

Vertical Forest (Bosco Verticale) In October 2014, the ‘ Vertical Forest’ (il Bosco Verticale) was launched in Milan on the territory of Porta Nuova Isola as a feature of a more extensive redesign undertaking led by Hines Italy.

The Vertical Forest of Milan consists of two 80 and 112 meter towers, enabling 480 extensive and medium - sized trees, 300 small trees, 11,000 permanent and covering plants and 5,000 bushes. The same–over an urban area of 1,500 m2–of 20,000 m2 of forest and undergrowth. (Bosco Verticale, 2015) The Vertical Forest is a structural idea that replaces conventional materials on urban surfaces with the changing polychromy of leaves. The natural modeler depends on a vegetation screen, expects to create a reasonable microclimate and daylight channel and rejects the limited innovative and mechanical way of dealing with ecological maintenance. (Bosco Verticale, 2015) Fig. 22 -09:

Fig. 23 -09:

Vertical Forest (Bosco Verticale)

Following micro-meteorological studies, the calculation of irrigation requirements was carried out by examining climatic characteristics and was diversified depending on the exposure of each façade and the distribution of vegetation on each floor. (Bosco Verticale, 2015) Peter Yousry Rezkalla

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Concept 3

Masses Interference The concept is about interference in the masses, which is divided in to three main parts private, public, and services which is distributed around a greenhouse.

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Inspirations

Fig. 26 -09: Tod international new city sales office (designboom, n.d.)

Tod new city office worldwide located next to the s1 railroad innovation city station at the convergence of wenzhou road and yongle road. In order to create a natural association between individuals and the city through porosity, the company embraces the customary basic structure of the box.(designboom, n.d.)

The substantial box is partitioned into three level boxes and afterward stacked and stumbled to shape open porches, which settle the greatness of the extensive scale volume. The vertical chamber improves the porousness of the building, allowing daylight and air to enter inside, normally involving individuals. made of gold-dark colored aluminum plate, the extraordinary façade design includes the personality of this building — Its rhythmic texture created by the change in the width of the hexagons not only ensures the building’s integrity but also satisfies the ventilation and lighting requirements. (designboom, n.d.)

To the left of the office is a bistro for customer recreation. The display model area is located in the lobby chamber and is connected to the second floor. guests can achieve the vip room and workplaces through stairs or lifts. The patios give outdoor exercises open spaces. the third floor space is utilized as youth movement focuses and restorative workplaces, and also open air stages. (designboom, n.d.)

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Missions: The Medicinal and Aromatic plants Research Center missions:

-Finding solutions to the main and secondary problems facing the cultivation and production of medicinal and aromatic plants.

-Increasing the agricultural production of medicinal and aromatic plants and improving its quality and the volatile oil to reach the concept of organic and sustainable agriculture.

-Preservation and awareness of natural and genetic resources and finding alternatives.

-Safety of production environment.

-Increasing country economic feasibility by exporting medicinal and aromatic products outside Egypt.

-Assist agricultural productive activity of medicinal and aromatic plants with the scientific methods that lead to the development and creation of new methods that have abundant production, multiplicity and improvement.

-Conducting studies and research in the agricultural field specially medicinal and aromatic plants in the framework of the economic and social development and scientific research.

-Strengthening scientific links and links with internationally accredited scientific research centers.(Author,2018) Vision: To realize our vision for medicinal and aromatic agriculture development in Egypt:

To be a research center for medicinal and aromatic plants, a distinguished consultant in scientific, developmental and strategic studies and researches that contribute to the realization of the aspirations of the society and to increase industrial production and serve the local and international market. (Author,2018) objectives:

-Adapting and developing appropriate technologies that enhance productivity and quality of the medicinal and aromatic plants that contribute significantly.

-Contribute to the training of undergraduate and graduate students on the use of modern scientific and technical methods, education and training in accordance with advanced methods in the field of agricultural knowledge.

-Organizing training, theoretical and practical courses to raise the efficiency of engineers and workers in agricultural fields.

-Closer links and scientific linkages with scientific research centers, universally adopted.

(Author,2018)

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Sustainability & TechnolEconomic and environmental:

The building has been intended to have three sorts of atmospheres related with various forces of utilization: Climate A: in the middle of spaces, that are only acclimatized/warmed by latent and bioclimatic frameworks; Climate B: workplaces that consolidate regular ventilation with brilliant and semi-uninvolved frameworks; Climate C: research facilities and classrooms that have a progressively hermetic and ordinary functioning. Each kind of atmosphere has its own related frameworks. The conduct of the building is observed and controlled by a programmed PC framework that forms and deals with an essential arrangement of data so as to streamline both solace and vitality utilization. The framework has been modified for the greatest uninvolved conduct of the building and to limit the utilization of non-sustainable power sources. The building responds and adjusts always, opening and shutting itself, enacting and deactivating itself, figuring out how to utilize all the common potential outcomes offered by nature; along these lines the solace observation is considerably more genuine, less fake than expected. (Shahin, 2018)

Fig. 27 - 09 : section showing climate analysis (Shahin,2018)

Fig. 28 - 09 : section and plan showing climate analysis in office (Shahin,2018)

Fig. 29 - 09 : lap (Shahin,2018)

Fig. 30 - 09 : green roof (Shahin,2018)

Basman Sayed Zaky

152 Green houses Applying green houses to achive :

The main goal is to provide the desirable environment for medicinal plants within the quality control of the researchers and the care of certified experts to assure the safe environment for the growth of the medicinal plants.(Author,2018)

Another goal to be achieved through the greenhouses is to minimize the shipping distance to and from the production land of the medicinal plants and the research Centre. (Author,2018)

Fig. 31 - 09 : green house (www.nexles.com, 2018)

Solar system : Applying photovoltaic membrane over green houses and photovoltaic mesh as a shading element by a structure system over green houses and outdoor spaces.

Fig. 32 - 09 : photovoltic membrane (www.globalsolar.com,2018)

Fig. 34- 09 : photovoltic mesh(www.miasole.com)

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GreenCourt

Main Spine

Fig. 35- 09 : sketch showing main spine concept(Author,2018)

Fig. 36- 09 : traning authority (urban ecology,2018)

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Green Roof

GreenCourt

Fig. 37- 09 : sketch showing green roof concept (Author,2018)

Fig. 38 - 09 :green roof plan and section (Eco freind,2018)

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GreenRoof

outdoor

Fig. 39- 09 : sketch showing interlocking concept (Author,2018)

Fig. 40- 09 : primer lugar (archdaily,2018)

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Missions Increase Creativity and innovations on agricultural fields to propel, support and upgrade the utilization of research revelations, planning programs, outreach limits and communitarian frameworks among green and associated budgetary experts in embellishment the improvement of agrarian gainfulness for destitution decline, secure livelihoods and trademark resource the officials.

(Author,2018)

Visions To be an international centre of greatness for preparing, research and augmentation, outreach exercises, ecological worries so as to acknowledge economical and enhanced employments for all.

(Author,2018)

Objectives

-Increasing the production of medicinal plants internationally and locally. (Author,2018)

-Raising the awareness of the medicinal and aromatic plants value. (Author,2018)

-Supporting the scientific research field globally. (Author,2018)

-Supporting the Masters, PHD and higher diploma students. (Author,2018)

-Increase Creativity and innovations on agricultural fields. (Author,2018)

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Sustainability & Technology

-use structural and steel systems because the cost of their low and structural system can be make organic shapes and steel system use on the facade trusses.(Author,2018)

-use glass on the facades to make large vision of the building and increase natural lightening.

(Author,2018)

-use sloped roof to make steps of the building. (Author,2018)

-use vertical wood louvers on the south facades because wood is natural material and it has good heat insulation. (Author,2018)

-use Green Roofs to increase the planting area and to increaseheat insulation in the building.

(Author,2018)

Fig. 41-09: steel system ,(Author,2018)

Fig. 42-09: structural system , (Author,2018)

Fig. 43-09:wood shading devices,(Author,2018)

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Fig. 44-09:Green Roof system,(Author,2018)

Fig. 45-09:sloped Roof,(Author,2018)

Fig. 46-09:Glass facads,(Author,2018)

Mohamed Younis Ali

160 Inspiration This inspiration come from group of snailsbuilding were placed beside each other in the of “John Curtin School�.

This snails make stepped shape.(Author,2018)

Fig. 47-09: (john curtin school, 2013)

Concept statement

Fig. 48-09: (john curtin school, 2013)

My concept is philosophical and it look like Greenhouses because it very important to Aromatic and Medicinal plants. And this concept mean identity the building shape with green houses on the project to make all component complement each other.

(Author,2018) Fig. 49-09: concept sketch (Author, 2018)

Fig. 50 -09: concept sketch (Author, 2018)

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Inspiration This inspiration come from semi-circular shapes in “FLAVOURS ORCHARD�. (Author,2018)

Fig. 51-09: (flavour orchards, 2014)

Concept statement My concept is philosophical and it look like Greenhouses because it very important to Aromatic and Medicinal plants. And this concept mean identity the building shape with green houses on the project to make all component complement each other.

(Author,2018)

Fig. 52 -09: concept sketch (Author, 2018)

Fig. 53-09: concept sketch (Author, 2018)

Fig. 54 -09: concept sketch (Author, 2018)

162 Inspiration The inspiration come from interacting masses with each other in “FLAVOURS ORCHARD� and it make infinity show this interacting.

(Author,2018)

Fig. 55-09: (flavour orchards, 2015)

Concept statement

Fig. 56-09: (Futuristic infinity shaped hotel , 2018)

My concept is philosophical and it indicate to react of buildings and make organic shape suit with natural life in the site.

Use green roofs to increase heat insulation in the building.

(Author,2018)

Fig. 57-09: concept sketch (Author, 2018)

Fig. 58 -09: concept sketch (Author, 2018)

Fig. 59 -09: concept sketch (Author, 2018)

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Mohamed Omar Seada 153569

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Chapter 09: Concepts

Beni Suef faces cultivation and production problems of the Medicinal and aromatic plants that affects the agriculture resource consequently it affects the economy.

Missions

-providing of remarkable researchers, educated people and intellectuals who can make an effective investment in the society by advancing its environment and culture.

-Using the high quality labs equipments and applied researches that have an immediate link with the requirements and opportunities of Beni Suef.

-Contributing to the renaissance and progress of the country by providing the researchers with thier needs of tools, resources and best work environment.

-The research center project will contribute to the development plan for 2030 .

(Author,2018)

Visions

Through self-assessment of our instructive programs, Our research center tries to advance a perpetual development in its instructive process, advance the quality of performance, and get a remarkable position among local, regional and international research centers.

(Author,2018)

Objectives

-Increasing the production of medicinal

-plants internationally and locally.

-Raising the awareness of the medicinal and aromatic plants value.

-Supporting the scientific research field globally.

-Supporting the PHD, Masters and higher diploma students.

-Giving the researchers their needs of human resources with best work environment, on

scientific and behavioral levels.

-training the postgraduates, refreshing their knowledge and updating their skills to be up

to date with the new equipments.

(Author,2018)

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Sustainability & Technology Solar shading system

Shadometal are settled or operable outside solar shading systems that might be installed horizontally or vertically on the building’s façade, and consolidate metal louvers.

Punctured, strong, curved louvers and other designs are available. The punctured louvers also can make appealing diffused light and permit a vision. (CCLS-india ,2017)

Fig. 60-09 : the Finnair headquarters car park .

(CCLS-india ,2017)

Fig. 61-09 : VISTA NORTHWEST (ACCD) COLLEGE LIBRARY. (CCLS-india ,2017)

Fig. 62-09 : grille center with curved façade solutions. (CCLS-india ,2017)

Fig. 63-09 : the grille center of Prisma in Riihimäki. (CCLS-india ,2017)

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Installation different methods

This carrier system is appropriate for use with an assortment of louver materials including glass (with or without photovoltaic cells),timber wood, texture,metal, terracotta clay and translucent acrylic. (CCLS-india ,2017)

The system gives a back hung end rotated solution with hidden control instruments integrated inside the vertical mullion supports. This allows into consistent continuous louvers with inconspicuous supports when seen from the outside. (CCLS-india ,2017) Fig. 64-09 : the louvers opinings. (CCLS-india ,2017)

Fig. 65-09 : louvers details in elevations.

(CCLS-india ,2017)

Fig. 66-09 : louvers operating techniques .

(CCLS-india ,2017)

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Sustainability

Green Roof System

Fig. 67-09 : intensive roof shown with a rainwater harvesting irrigation system. (penterest,2016)

Fig. 68-09 : how gray water system work(penterest,2016)

Gray water system

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concept 1 Statement

Overlapping means beauty when it comes to

nature keyword

Integration

Fig. 69-09 : Beni Suef’s map showing the integration between the Nile and the agriculture lands (google.maps,2018).Edited by Author

Considered by the beauty of nature in bani suef, In integration between the Nile, agriculture lands, and the urban lands. This Integration could be applied in the project by connecting the research buildings with surrounded nature , to match between the green roofs and the landscape with ramps. Also, the building relation with the surrounding plants represents the relation between agriculture and the urban land. (Author,2018)

Fig. 70-09 : inspiration pictures to greens integrate with the building. (Author,2018)

Fig. 71-09 : project 3D shots showing the integration. (Author,2018)

Fig. 72-09 : project sketches showing the ramps and zoning.(Author,2018)

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concept 2 Statement

Hexagonal shape is the best choice for the cell

function keyword

Biomimicry

Fig. 73-09 : inspiration buildings to hexagonal shape showing the masses and the courtyards (arcdaily,2017).Edited by Author

Biomimicry based concept. The inspiration is the hexagonal shape of the cell of the tree leave. Which is the best geometrical shape to be connected to each other. The project zones will be connected as the connection between the cells. While the cell pores will represent the courtyards and the skylights with making angles with the outsides walls that allows to create circules of winds . (Author,2018)

Fig. 74-09 : project sketches showing the idea development (Author,2018)

Fig. 75-09 : buildings roof opinings (Author,2018)

Fig. 76-09 : tree leave biomimicry (asknature,2015)

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concept 3 Statement The main zone must be easy access from it’s assists keyword

Geometry

A main axe is passing between the buildings in the project and the buildings are integrated with each other from the top of the main passage ( with green roof ) .

All the project is promoting by two main entrances to increase the security of the project .(Author,2018)

Fig. 76-09 : tree leave biomimicry (asknature,2015)

Fig. 78-09 : project 3d showing the integrated blocks.(Author,2018)

Fig. 79-09 : sketches showing the main spin and zoning.(Author,2018)

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Missions 1- Supporting the field of scientific research globaly to represent Egypt as an effective country in scientific research, and locally in the city of Beni Suef.

2- raising the awareness of the aromatic plants and the planting wealth in Beni Suef.

3- Intoducing Beni Suef city as a major part of the 2030 development vision in Egypt.

Vision 1-The project aims to achieve an overall development to fulfill the desires of Beni Suef students and researchers who are hoping to find developed possibilities and research facilities.

2-The research centre will provide the city of benisuef with a varity of capabilities that would support the field of the aromatic and medicinal plants, thus achieving maximum productivity that could be found as a result of the existance of the research centre.

3-The Architecture solutions to be applied in the research centre aim to obtain the sustainable development image, as well as raising the rank of the buildings and facelities of benisuef according to the sustainable ranking systems around the world . objectives 1- Providing an effective environment for researches to cooperation through the scintific research proccess.

2- Improving and providing a well developed and high technology educational facilities.

3- providing sustainable environment, economy and socity through activating sustainable design strategies such as: A- Energy effeciency aspects B- Passive systems C- Technology studies D- Green Arechitecture principles E- Indoor air quality 4- providing the appropriate environment for the aromatic planting through building and attaching green houses to the research centre.

5- Taking int oconsideration specific space program details needed for the Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Centre.

Fig. 80-09 Active systems (sepmstrata.org,2018)

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Fig. 81-09 Passive Solar (sepmstrata.org,2018)

Fig. 82-09 Natural Ventilation (sepmstrata.org,2018)

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Chapter 09: Concepts concept 1 Biomimicry in architecture: cactus plant

concept statement Biomimicing the Saguaro Cactus plant Fig.00-09 which has the eability to stay cool while being in hot climate by having ribs and grooves that provides sun shading and improves the air circulation through the building.

Fig. 83-09 Saguaru cactus (asknature.org,2018)

Fig. 84-09 Saguaru cactus ribs (asknature.org,2018)

Inspirations Inspired by The Minister of Municipal Affairs & Agriculture building (MMAA) in Qatar, the origin of that that building was to simulate the form and behaviour of the original cactus plant. (D. A. Lewis, P. S. Nobel,2008)

Fig. 85-09 (MMAA) building in Qatar (asknature.org,2018)

Fig. 86-09 (MMAA) building in Qatar (asknature.org,2018)

MMA’s new building was designed to be exceptionally energy efficient building that uses sun shades on its windows. depending on the sun radiation during the day, the sun shades can open or close to keep out the warmth when it is excessively hot weather outside the building.

This is like how a cactus plant performs transpiration around evening time rather amid the day so as to hold water – another extraordinary case of biomimicry. A botanical garden will be housed inside the botanic dome at the center of the building. (asknature.org,2018)

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Chapter 09: Concepts conceptual sketches and studies

Applying sun studies showed areas with most need of shading, using the same technique (applying sun studies) at each side of the site to help finding the most appropriate shape that defines the behaviour of the buildings form.

Sun studies represent a design guidlines to help finding a form that simulates the behaviour of the cactus plant to remain the cool air circulation and natural ventilation through the building during the day.

Fig. 87-09 Applying sun studies to the selected site (Author,2018)

Fig. 88-09 sun studies helps finding a form that is responsive to the climate of New Beni Suef city (Author,2018)

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Fig. 89-09 Saguaro Cactus Plant (asknature.org,2018)

Fig. 91-09 saguaro cactus planted in Egypt (pixers.uk,2018)

Fig. 90-09 simulating the grooves and ribs (Author,2018)

Fig. 92-09 Adding the ribs to the masses to provide shading (Author,2018)

Finally adding the rips to the final form, the ribs of the saguaro cactus are represented by shading louvers that works on blocking the heat radiation on the east and west sides during the day, also horizontal groves through the masses are located in the south side to block the heat gain.

(Author,2018)

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Fig. 93-09 Generating the final form (Author,2018)

The void and the groves through the building were not taken only from the the saguaro cactus, it was also inspired from the canyons of the caves of Beni Suef (Wadi Sanor cave), to assure the harmony of the building with the nature of the city of Beni Suef. (Author,2018)

Fig. 94-09 Wadi sanor cave at Beni Suef (benisuef.gov.eg,2018)

Fig. 96-09 Generating the final form and applying sun studies (Author,2018)

Fig. 95-09 The final form after adding the ribs (Author,2018)

Generating the final form and applying sun studies to it to assure that the wes, east and south facade are provided with effecient shading techneques, mimicing the behaviour of the saguaro cactus and the canyons, therefore creating a form that reponsive to the nature of the city.

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Chapter 09: Concepts concept 2 The Dynamic Appereance

Concept Statement A building that has a hightechnological based concept integrated with a dynamic form, high technology strategies and kinetic facades.(Author,2018)

Fig. 97-09 Generating a dynamic form with climate responsive technologies (Author,2018)

The generation of form relies on designing an organic facade that is capable to tackle the weather challenges of the selected site, then applying high technologies such as kinetic facades, wind turbins and photovoltaic cells located on the facade glazing. (Author,2018) Form generation

Fig. 98-09 Form generation (Author,2018)

Fig. 99-09 Deforming the top of the building to make it as a wind reciever at the north side (Author,2018)

Labs

Research Library

Greenhouses Research department

Fig. 100-09 Form generation (Author,2018)

Fig. 101-09 Form generation (Author,2018)

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Concept Statement

The living building is a building that applies the living building challange standarts, not only to achieve the living building ranking but also to design a building that affects the the surrounding environment, and enhances the skills of the users. (Author,2018) Form generation designing a building that can help improving the environment includes, generatin genergy for the building itself and the surrounding buildings, creating a form that makes the building completly a passive system and designing a building that serves the planting wealth in benisuef through sustainable landscape. (Author,2018)

Fig. 102-09 Form generation (Author,2018)

Fig. 103-09 Form generation (Author,2018)

Enhancing the building performance affects the form, as the form of the wings will increase the speed of wind and create sun shading at once . (Author,2018) Inspiration

Fig. 104-09 Pearl River Tower, china (http://news.bbc.co.uk,2009) Fig. 105-09 Pearl River Tower, china (Author,2018)

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Sustainability approaches Applying sustainability aspects in the research center will include: Greenhouses, kinetic facades and gray water treatment.

- Greenhouses: Minimize the shipping distance to and from the agricultural production land of the medicinal and aromatic plants to the research centre, applying that strategy will enhance the production of the active matter in Beni Suef, after being a major problem for the students and researcheers in Beni Suef universeties especially al Nahda University in new Beni Suef city.

(Dr. A.Heba, Nahda University ,2018)

Fig. 106-09 Green house (alaskapublic.org,2018)

- Grey Water Treatment: The water recycling strategy might be the most globaly used techneque for sustainable development, however, in this research centre it will be used especially for the landscape planting to improve a massive sustainable landscpae production and vegetation.

(Author,2018)

Fig. 107-09 greywater treatment (alaskapublic.org,2018)

Technology Approaches Applying Hightechnology aspects in the research center will include: wind turbins, kinetic facades and Photo voltaic cells. when using these techniques the building would improve the environmental performance by 85% reduction in electricity consumption, also it will allow the provision of an elegant view. (omicsonline.org.2018) Fig. 108-09 Kinetic facades (alaskapublic.org,2018)

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Decline of the medicinal and aromatic plants quality in Beni Suef, although it is still has the foreground of producing and exporting this type of plants was a reflection of the poor awareness towards the agriculture, and the absence of a censorship institution, which affects negatively the social life and economy of Beni Suef Governorate. (Author,2018) Missions: The full benefit from the local products which exist in Beni Suef, and to invest it with the ideal way, to achieve the self-sufficiency economically, and socially Vision: Establishing a commission which will be responsible to supervise and manage all of the issues which related to the field of agriculture, specially the medicinal and aromatic plants which represent the best agricultural resource in Beni Suef over Egypt around the past years.

This type of project will support the agriculture local product, and promote the Egyptian manpower with their agricultural identity. In addition of providing the ideal awareness about these resources to develop the society, and raise the economy which will provide the chance for Beni Suef to take a strong place and maintain the leadership in the field of producing and exporting the medicinal and aromatic plants globally. (Author,2018) objectives: Economic Aspects Marketing of the research center’s products starting from the students’ experiments by providing shops, exhibition, and MPU to deal with the big manufactures Providing work opportunities for the Egyptian citizen and raise the local economy Dealing with the global production and exports . (Author,2018) Social Aspects Supervise the whole governorate in agriculture field Promoting masters and doctorate degree by providing the needed experiments zones and labs in the research department to achieve the need Supporting students’ projects by providing the needed equipment to work on their experiments and help them to continue the operation by marketing their final products . (Author,2018) Cultural Aspects -Develop people awareness by fully considered techniques Provide cultural spaces such as the Training Authority Department, and Lecture Halls to bring people closer to the local resource, which is: The medicinal and aromatic plants, and local agriculture in general. (Author,2018)

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Concept I: The Green Building Inspiration

This concept is inspired from an art school building which located in Singaphore.

The building shown in the figure reflected to me an idea of planting the research center roof with the medicinal and aromatic plants which reflect the project function, and contribute for the sustainability side by decreasing the rate of CO2 and provide O2, in addition of reducing the tempereture degree. (Author,2018)

Fig. 109 - 09 Art school, Singhaphore Archdaily,2017

Concept Statement My concept is to extract a building from the green nature without isolating its mass form or material from the environment, which will represent an attractive landmark as the first medicinal and aromatic plants research center in Egypt.(Author,2018)

Fig. 110 - 09 Plants Effect Fig. 111 - 09 Medicinal Plants AuAuthor, 2018 thor, 2018

Fig. 112 - 09 Extracting the Building From Nature Author, 2018

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Fig. 113 - 09 Extracting the Building From Nature Author, 2018

Fig. 114 - 09 Extracting the Building From Nature Author, 2018

Hierarchy of spaces and masses based on the sustainability principles .

Implimintation is shown with simulating Green House (Fig 114 - 09) dividing the project to three various spheres.

The structure of the spheres made of Concrete core, steel frame and glass faรงade to achieve the green house concept. (Author,2018)

Fig. 115 - 09 Integration between the three main zones Sustainable Element), (Author,2018)

Fig. 116 - 09 Extracting the Building From Nature Author, 2018

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Concept III: Bars to the Main Axis Inspiration Each internal space has its separeted mass (Bar), and each bar has horizontal circulation double sided (curtain), oriented to the gree nature. (Author,2018)

Fig. 117 - 09 Bioprocess Innovation Center, US (Archdaily,2017)

Fig. 118 - 09 Bioprocess Innovation Center, US (Archdaily,2017)

Concept Statement A Grid derived from the main surrounding context, which are: Beni Suef University, Nahda University,The Great Mosque, and the Nile River. (Author,2018) The main project masses each one is oriented to one of these context using its related grid.

(Author,2018)

Fig. 119-09 Site context, Beni Suef (GoogleMap2018)

Fig. 120-09 Site context, Beni Suef (GoogleMap2018)

Fig. 121-09 Site context, Beni Suef (GoogleMap2018)

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Sustainability & Technology Sustainability The project design will take in consideration the three principles of sustainability Social, Economy, and Environment under LEED standards, by: -Respecting local material -Design with respecting surrounding context Grey -water recycling Indoor & outdoor air quality (Author,2018)

Sustainable Example

Fig. 122 - 09 Sustainability Principles U niv. of Washington , 2018

Grey Water Treatment Treating the waste water which produced from the bathrooms basins, and services washing hand, by collecting them in a holding tank underground, then pumping the treated water to a kind of reuse tank and reuse it for flushing, irrigation around the project, and for the green houses which established in the research center project as one of the important zones. This strategy will save more water more than collecting the rainwater.(Author,2018)

Fig. 123 - 09 Grey Water Treatment Author, 2018

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Sustainability & Technology Technology Organic Shaded Facade The trees represent the nature shading element spreading the twigs and leaves

Fig. 124 - 09 Walkway shaded by trees (en.wiksionary.org,2015)

Fig. 125 - 09 Tree Leave, (Treeswork.org)

Fig. 126 - 09 Attractive faรงade in Brisbanes, Australia (Pinterest,2017)

Using organic pattern as screen on the facades works as shading devices, and it shows a strong integation between the building and the nature, in addition of the attractive view and the relation with the project type (Author,2018)

Fig. 127- 09 Tree leave Treeswork.org, 2014

Fig. 128 - 09 Tree leaves pattern on faรงade (Author,2018)

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Mission:

My vision is to turn Beni Suef city into high technology agriculture Place to produce the volatile oil and develop the manufactory of the city to get best products. Instead of supply the products from the other country

Vision:

plants

-Study how to grows the plants with high ratio and best quality of the volatile oil in the -Let the factories that are using our volatile oil produce it in high quality products -Finding more opportunities for employment in a very professional way -Regulate the volatile oil and the plants prices to be under control

Objectives:

-Organize seminars and workshop to develop the farmers professionality to achive the mission

-Organize quality controlling team to verify the quality of the product in the factories

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Inspiration Of Concept 1:

I inspirated the idea from the agriculture life which is the farmers planting perpendicular of the water source

Fig.150 - 09: (/agri.ahram.org.eg,2018)

Fig.151 - 09: (/agri.ahram.org.eg,2018)

Concept 1 (Agricultural Concept):

My concept reflecting the agricultural style which is the process of agriculture should be vertically on the water source, my project also which presents agricultural life will be also directed vertical to the Water Stream in the site to estimate the main source of power and main inspiration of my project.

Fig.152 - 09: (/agri.ahram.org.eg,2018)

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Inspiration Of Concept 2:

The concept was inspired from the Design technique of visibility which was shown in the project of Haifa University Student Center / Chyutin Architects, Haifa, Israel

Fig. 153 - 09 : Section shown cone of vision (/archdaily.com,2010) illustrated by (Author,2018)

Fig. 154 - 09 : plan shown cone of vision (/archdaily.com,2010) illustrated by (Author,2018)

Fig. 155 - 09 : Shot shown the solid and void of the vision (/archdaily.com,2010) illustrated by (Author,2018)

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Concept 2 (Visibility Concept):

Inspired from the challenge of Site 1 By Blocking And Controlling Our visibility (Cemeteries View) Which is Negative Point And turn it to Positive Point By planting green roofs , Which serve the project aim at the same time.

More over the cemeteries view has been blocked, so the User is allowed to see the Nile and agricultural lands.

Fig. 156 - 09 : Sketch shown cone of vision (Auther,2018)

Fig. 157- 09 : Sketch shown cone of vision (Google maps) illustrated by (Author,2018)

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Concept 3 (Urban concept):

In this concept the site will be connected to the urban fabric as a same harmony of the Beni Suef triangle by taking in consider the entrances of my site.

The entrances effects on the site elements (cubes) as a forces which leads to this rotation of the cubes.

Fig.158- 09 : Sketch shown Develop the concept (Auther,2018)

Fig. 159 - 09 : Sketch shown 3 main nodes (Auther,2018)

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Technology: QR Code Technology:

QR i.e. “Brisk Response� code is a 2D framework code that is planned by holding two under thought, i.e. it must store expansive measure of information when contrasted with 1D standardized identifications and it must be decoded at fast utilizing any handheld gadget like telephones. QR code gives high information stockpiling limit, quick checking, omnidirectional coherence, and numerous different favorable circumstances including, blunder amendment (with the goal that harmed code can likewise be perused effectively) and diverse kind of forms. Diverse assortments of QR code images like logo QR code, scrambled QR code, iQR Code are likewise accessible with the goal that client can pick among them as indicated by their need. Presently nowadays, a QR code is connected in various application streams identified with advertising, security, scholastic and so forth and gain notoriety at an extremely high pace. Step by step more individuals are getting mindful of this innovation and use it Fig. 01 - 09 : QR Code Technology (/ ieeexplore.ieee.org,2018) as needs be. The fame of QR code develops quickly with the development of cell phone clients and therefore the QR code is quickly landing at large amounts of acknowledgment around the world.(/ieeexplore.ieee.org,2018)

Fig. 01 - 09 : QR Code Technology (/ieeexplore.ieee.org,2018)

The QR Technology works as an electronic guide which helps people to deal with their needs by themselves using a mobile application. This type of application is regard to the research center, a visitor who need to attend the research center exhibition for example, will have a ticket that has a certain QR code, and by scanning that code with the past application, he will be guided easily. In addition of informing the customer with the full information of the products which might be in the shops by a written details, and short video.(Author,2018)

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Smart Energy Meters

These Energy Meters are the latest meters and they are not in their final shape. Rapid advancements are coming in it day by day. They can not only measure energy units but also send those units to the utility company through some communication medium.

Fig. 161 - 09 : Exammple of Smart Energy Meters (/ bulb.co.uk,2018)

Fig. 162 - 09 : Exammple of Smart Energy Meters (/bulb.co.uk,2018)

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