ProAgri Zambia 027 by ProAgri

ProAgri Z a m b i a

technology for the farmer

No 27

Free

Novatek looks after your dogs

ZAMBIA’S LEADING OUTDOOR AGRICULTURE EXPO 12 - 14 April 2018

12 – 14

GART Research Centre Chisamba, Zambia

April 2018

GART Research Centre Chisamba, Zambia

Green Energy unfolds the future JOIN 270 INTERNATIONAL AGRI-VALUE CHAIN SUPPLIERS INCLUDING THESE SOUTH AFRICAN BRANDS!

Profit from seed

Are you ready to join Zambia’s ultimate buying platform for farmers of all scales? Delivering quality inputs and technologies to 22,000+ farming professionals? Book your expo space today!

PRESENTED BY

HOST PARTNER

ORGANISED BY

Advanced panel

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internet control.*

Order a new Agrico centre pivot with a Premium control panel and get an upgrade. *Free subscription included for the first 24 months. Contact: Sebastian Stobart | c: +260 967 207 084 c: +260 211 273 980 | sebastian.stobart@agrico.co.za

More than 100 yearsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; service

xpropriation of private property without compensation might be a foreign concept for Zambian farmers. Virtually all the land in Zambia belongs to the traditional leaders or the state, which are categorised as customary or leasehold land respectively. Most of the small-scale farmers are settled on customary land, governed by the local chief, and commercial farmers are mostly leasing land from the state. Zambian banks would rather lend money on the harvest potential than the security land has to offer.

Content

In South Africa, the land cultivated by commercial farmers are owned by the farmers themselves. This means they can use their land as collateral to borrow money from the banks which allow them much more financial manoeuvrability. When a person owns something, he also tends to look after it more diligently. This is the reality in South Africa. But the reality has changed, or might change in the near future. The new president of South Africa, Cyril Ramaphosa, recently made a public announcement that parliament will discuss whether private property will be expropriated without offering compensation to the owner. If this motion is accepted, it will have dire consequences for South Africa, which is also the economic power hub of Southern Africa. Banks will not be able to lend out money and investors will withdraw from South Africa en masse, since they also need security in the form of property to continue their activities. If this expropriation law is promulgated, farmers will have to leave South Africa and since Zambia is much more accommodating towards productive commercial farmers, we might see an influx of more commercial food producers in the country. The Agritech show is around the corner and this month we insert a pull-out map of the terrain. We have also printed 1 000 extra copies to be handed out during the show. You are cordially invited to visit the ProAgri Zambia stand at the Small Enterprises area.

Farm smartly! Du Preez de Villiers dupreez@proagri.co.za

Green Energy foresees solar powered farms

Quality drives Novatek Food brand

Fence and trellis vegetables with Bonnox

Sheep farming made easy: Part 4

Spray to protect your crops: Part 4

Crops are unstoppable with ETG’s Soya Oemff

All farmers can benefit from Monsanto technology

Make more from your crops: Processing of oil seeds: Part 3

HarvestPlus: Better crops, better nutrition

ProAgri Zambia 27

ProAgri Z a m b i a

technology for the farmer

No 27

Free

Novatek looks after your dogs

ZAMBIA’S LEADING OUTDOOR AGRICULTURE EXPO 12 - 14 April

Cover

Letter from the Editor

12 – 14

Green Energy offers the future

GART Research Centre Chisamba, Zambia

April 2018

GART Research Centre Chisamba, Zambia

Profit with seed

Are you ready to join Zambia’s ultimate buying platform for farmers of all scales? Delivering quality inputs and technologies to 22,000+ farming professionals?

JOIN 270 INTERNATIONAL AGRI-VALUE CHAIN SUPPLIERS INCLUDING THESE SOUTH AFRICAN BRANDS!

Book your expo space today!

PRESENTED BY

HOST PARTNER

ORGANISED BY

CONTACT LIAM BECKETT TO SECURE YOUR EXHIBITION POSITION

Monsanto is a world renowned seed producer and they have exciting new cultivars to offer this season. Visit the DeKalb stand at Agritech to get the look and feel of their exquisite seed. Liam Beckett | t: +27 21 700 3552 | m: +27 79 281 7865 e: liam.beckett@spintelligent.com

WWW.AGRITECH-EXPO.COM

ProAgri technology for the farmer

Z a m b i a

Office no. 3 Fens Investment Building Lusaka Show Grounds +26 (0)96-216-9801 www.proagri.co.za Copyright © 2018. All rights r eserved. No m aterial, text or p hotographs may be r eproduced, copied or in any other way t ransmitted without the written consent of the publisher. O pinions expressed are not n ecessarily those of the publisher or of the e ditor. We recognise all trademarks and logos as the sole property of their r espective o wners. ProAgri shall not be liable for any errors or for any actions in reliance thereon.

ProAgri Zambia Editor Du Preez de Villiers > +27 82-598-7329 dupreez@proagri.co.za General Manager and Distribution Zambia Quintus Grobler > +26-(0)96-216-9801 (WA only) South Africa + 27-078-978-6339 quintus@proagri.co.za Reporters Annemarie Bremner > +27 82-320-3642 annemarie@proagri.co.za Benine Ackermann > +27 73-105-6938 benine@proagri.co.za Senior Production Manager: Zainab Pandor > +26 (0)97-769-9786 zainab@proagri.co.za Marketing Xander Pieterse > +27 79-524-0934 xander@proagri.co.za Stefan van Wyk > +27 82-381-7563 stefan@agritrader.co.za Tiny Smith > +27 79-531-0024 tiny@proagri.co.za Johnnie Krige > +27 82-385-6191 johnnie@proagri.co.za Design Christiaan Joubert > +27 72-419-3990 christiaan@proagri.co.za Enquiries Lize du Plooy > +27 12-803-0667 lize@proagri.co.za Engela Botha > +27 12-803-0667 engela@proagri.co.za Accounts Ronel Keet > +27 12-803-0667 accounts@proagri.co.za Business Manager George Grobler

ZAMBIA’S LEADING OUTDOOR AGRICULTURE EXPO

12 – 14 April 2018

GART Research Centre Chisamba, Zambia

Are you ready to join Zambia’s ultimate buying platform for farmers of all scales? Delivering quality inputs and technologies to 22,000+ farming professionals?

JOIN 270 INTERNATIONAL AGRI-VALUE CHAIN SUPPLIERS INCLUDING THESE SOUTH AFRICAN BRANDS!

Book your expo space today!

PRESENTED BY

HOST PARTNER

ORGANISED BY

CONTACT LIAM BECKETT TO SECURE YOUR EXHIBITION POSITION Liam Beckett | t: +27 21 700 3552 | m: +27 79 281 7865 e: liam.beckett@spintelligent.com

WWW.AGRITECH-EXPO.COM

ProAgri Zambia 27

BLUE MEANS HIGH INTENSITY REDUCES PASSES

RUBIN 12 COMPACT DISC HARROW

The Rubin 12 from LEMKEN is the ideal tool for mixing in large quantities of plant material evenly into the soil, thanks to the large 736 mm disc and a unique dual-angle to the soil. It is equally at home in hard soils. The hydraulically adjusted following rollers accurately control the working depth and crumble and firm the soil to leave behind an ideal seedbed.

scs enable mounted di Individually rge la ith w al de the Rubin 12 ant residue pl of s ie tit quan

■ Working depth of 7-20 cm, hydraulically adjusted ■ Symmetric disc arrangement to eliminate side-pull forces ■ Mixes organic matter homogenously into soil for rapid organic material decay ■ High working speed ensures intensive tillage and high acreage performance

KARAT 9 COMPACT CULTIVATOR le Tool and hass shares

The Karat 9 from LEMKEN is capable of loosening and mixing the soil at the same time thanks to the unique tine spacing. This means the soil is loosened and aerated while large quantities of plant residue can be mixed in without plugging up. Thanks to the share quick change system from LEMKEN and the accurate depth control it is easy to always work at the right depth with the correct share. Contact your nearest area sales manager to find out more about LEMKEN Karel Munnik, director + area sales manager, 082 412 2577, k.munnik@lemken.com Blackie Swart, area sales manager, 082 404 9651, b.swart@lemken.com

■ ■ ■ ■

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Maintenance free overload system for tines Working depth of 5-30 cm Available in 3-7 m working widths Heat treated wearing parts for longer service life

ProAgri Zambia 27

Green Energy foresees solar powered farms by Du Preez de Villiers

Any farmer yearns for a complete solar system to put a stamp on his independent nature. Photo: paradisesolarenergy.com

eace of mind, independence and uninterrupted production are some of the benefits a farmer can reap from the ability to generate his own electricity. Initially, it may be expensive to establish such a system, and it may require a bit of administration and sweat to get it going, but in the long run the ability to provide your own power is the best gift you can give yourself. The ample amount of sunlight shining down on this continent is more than enough to fully utilise solar power. Power interruptions are not an unfamiliar occurrence for the Zambian farmer. Zambia depends heavily on hydroelectric power which, in turn, depends on sufficient rain and water. It cannot operate through long, dry spells which we experienced a few years ago. This is just another reason to invest in your own electricity supply, which will give you more reliable power. Many companies in Zambia saw the opportunity presented by renewable energy and started to penetrate the industry, but meaningful and sustainable power generation demands specialised skills and expertise. The directors of Green Energy Distributors already have almost two decades of experience in this field. This is important, because a farmer needs to rely heavily on

Green Energy Distributors can turn your pump station or borehole into an efficient, self-operating water supply system with solar power. Photo: tesotechservices.com expertise and experience when he spends a huge amount of money on a delicate system which should last a lifetime. Your supplier must be able to give you the best advice and to anticipate and fix problems. In this industry, chancers and fly-by-nights will never last for almost twenty years. Green Energy Distributors opened in Zambia early in 2017 under the management of professionals in the solar industry. They offer a comprehensive range of solar, electrical and LED lighting products. Green Energy knows that the

agricultural sector is alive and growing and therefore decided to focus largely on the renewable electricity needs of farmers. “We concentrate on helping farmers achieve the transition into year round farming and reduce their running costs by providing them with quality and affordable solar products,” Fardeen Zumla, a director of Green Energy Distributors, says. Green Energy Distributors are proud of their understanding of the importance of after sales service, and employ qualified field agents ready to assist farmers all over the country. The top products and services offered by Green Energy Distributors are: •

•

• •

Allow Green Energy Distributors light up your path towards solar electricity. Photo: daimaenergy.com

• •

Complete solar solutions. A solar specialist visits you on the farm to determine your needs and follows the project up to completion. Solar water pumping systems. Boreholes and pumping stations are nice to have, but laying the necessary power cables is always expensive and difficult - except if you install a solar power system. Electrical components for farms, water pumping and other electrical requirements. LED spotlights are vital for farm security. They save electricity and promise to last much longer than other globes. LED street lights mean less labour and improved cost efficiency on large farms. Solar street lights work with batteries that are charged by the sun during the day and give light during the night.

Contact Fardeen Zumla at +26(0)96-786-3949 or send an e-mail to greenenergy.zm@gmail.com to acquire your own source of solar power. ProAgri Zambia 27

ProAgri Zambia 27

Neria’s Investments Limited Agro Commodity Traders

Quality Fertilizer Urea & D-Compound

NERIA INVESTMENTS LIMITED Saturnis House, Opp. Ndeke Hotel Longacre’s Tel: +260 211 244 505/6 Email: info@neriainvestments.com www.neriainvestments.com

ProAgri Zambia 27

Quality protein meal Cr

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The one and

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Quality drives our NovaDog food brand by Wiehan Visagie

Marné Meyer, Dog Food Nutritionist, Kakoma Chihungu, Technical Advisor

ovatek dog food is a specialty food for companion animals. It is formulated according to the dogs’ nutritional needs. In general, dog food consists of meat byproducts, cereals, grain, vitamins and minerals. Dog food was first commercially produced in England as a dry, biscuitstyle product during the late 1800’s. Shortly thereafter, local manufacturers started producing more sophisticated formulas that were essential for dogs at that time. At the start of the 20th century, pre-packed dog food started to become available and it primarily consisted of dry cereals, but after World War I, dog food was made of canned animal meat. It was only in

1960 when semi-moist and expandable type dog food became available. However, demands for dry dog food increased in 1980 as research indicated that a soft diet of canned dog food led to gum diseases more rapidly than dry food. This sparked a growing trend in health-consciousness from dog owners and it led to the development of a more nutritious and scientific approach to dog food formulation. Therefore, Novatek Animal Feeds decided to invest and implement modern production technology systems to ensure that we produce dog food of the highest quality. We are the only animal feed company in Zambia with an ISO 22 000 accreditation.

Lutangu Kamona, Technical Advisor, Olipa Lumponge, Sales Manager, Marné Meyer, Dog Food Nutritionist, Kakoma Chihungu, Technical Advisor ProAgri Zambia 27

This means that we ensure that the correct raw materials are analysed before manufacturing. We also do quality checks on our final products to validate that we are within limits according to allowable production standards. Furthermore, we know that we have a competitive advantage over other dog food producing countries as we source local raw materials to produce nutritionally good dog food. This puts us in a favourable position to manufacture at a lower cost. At Novatek we only include fish and bone meal to provide the required calcium for dogs and we do not make use of limestone. The reason why we do this is to ensure that your dog has an uptake of a natural calcium source because it plays a big role in building strong bones and it keeps your dog’s nails, teeth, and coat healthy. Our dog food is scientifically formulated to provide a well-balanced amino-acid profile. This ensures more efficient growth by allowing your dog to use less energy for the breakdown of protein. We recently appointed a new Animal Nutritionist who takes care of all the quality checks and feed formulations. She is also studying towards her masters degree in dog nutrition, and we are confident that she will keep optimising our products and take care of our NovaDog brand. 9

HINGEJOINT®

FLEXI FENCE RINGLOK®

PREVENT IMITATIONS AND BUY DIRECTLY FROM THE ONLY BONNOX-FACTORY LOCATED IN SUNDERLAND RIDGE, CENTURION ONLY A BONNOX INVOICE SERVES AS A CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICITY.

zane@bonnox.co.za | gerda@bonnox.co.za | linda@bonnox.co.za 10

www.bonnox.co.za | +27 (0)12-666-8717

ProAgri Zambia 27

Versatile Bonnox

by Du Preez de Villiers

Xander Pieterse from ProAgri, Michèle Schiess, Mafusi Molefi, Thomas Linders and Honest Moyo from Waaipoort Permaculture Research Centre are very impressed with the Bonnox fencing that protects their vegetable garden from stray animals.

any books can be written about the farmer’s ingenuity. One of the gifts typical of farmers is the ability to use any item in various ways - even for tasks for which it was not made. The truth in the saying of "a farmer makes a plan" still applies to big and small farmers today. Thomas Linders is a small-scale farmer with a unique project on his farm, Waaipoort, near Rosendal in South Africa. He operates a permaculture research centre that tests the ability of various plants to prevent erosion. Soil erosion is a major problem in the Rosendal region close to Lesotho. He believes in organic farming and his project is part of WWWOF (World Wide Workers on Organic Farms). The centre also grows its own organic vegetables. Thomas believes in using only the best materials in his projects and he knows Bonnox fencing. "We used it in Midrand near Johannesburg in the early 90's in a construction project," he says. "When we arrived at Waaipoort,

we had a lot of problems with stray animals from other farms. We lost our entire vegetable crop during the first winter. We quickly had to make a plan to find a fence that could be erected easily and promptly. "I bought 200 m of Bonnox's Money Saver, which is 1,4 m high. We erected four strong corner posts and the gate posts with wooden poles every ten metres," says Thomas. "We use volunteers from around the world in the Centre and we were able to quickly set up the fence. We bought the Bonnox clamp bar which made installation easy and found it very useful." Thomas plans to enlarge the vegetable garden and also to get alpacas, sheep and goats. According to him, Bonnox's fence can contain any adventurous goat. "In permaculture we believe that anything we add to the system must have at least two or three uses," he says. Therefore, Bonnox fencing doesn’t only keep out unwelcome

It is extremely easy for Thomas Linders and a volunteer to erect Bonnox fencing around the Waaipoort Permaculture Research Centre's vegetable garden using a Bonnox wire clamp.

ProAgri Zambia 27

animals. The fence also serves as support for fibre sponge cucumber vines. The fruit of this crop is used in soups, or as a natural sponge, or ground and mixed with concrete to produce lightweight bricks. "Later we also want to plant specific plants along the Bonnox fence so that it can run up and grow out to provide a living fence," says Thomas. Thomas bought another 100 metre roll of Bonnox to serve as vertical support for the runner vegetables. "I arrived at Bonnox's factory in Sunderland Ridge on a Friday afternoon just as they were closing for the weekend. Without a fuss the people immediately unlocked the factory and assisted me very cordially. The Bonnox factory is very well organised and tidy, and the presentation of their products outside is very interesting and informative." Bonnox mesh wire is perfect for the running crops, and it also provides a strong support for the overhead bird netting that keeps the birds and bugs out. "We let our English cucumbers, pickles and tomatoes run up against the Bonnox wire. In winter, the peas and snow peas do the same so that we can have an early spring crop ready." Thomas still has problems with hares crawling through the wire, but next time he will buy the fence with the smallest squares at the bottom. "Although this is a small-scale farming operation, we can use the durable and versatile Bonnox in various ways," says Thomas. He is also considering on the idea of using Bonnox to build erosion control cages ...

Bonnox fencing is very versatile. Waaipoort Permaculture Research Centre also uses it as a prop for their tomatoes and other runner crops.

Call +27 (0)12-666-8717, +27 (0)76-169-9068 or e-mail linda@bonnox.co.za, gerda@bonnox.co.za or zane@bonnox.co.za. Also visit their website at www.bonnox.co.za. 11

ProAgri Zambia 27

Sheep farming made easy Part 4: Housing systems

he physiological impact of the number of daylight hours on a sheep is remarkable. It has a proven influence on the weight gain of sheep. This can be managed by the type of housing you provide for your sheep.

We thank the ARC Institute for Agricultural Engineering in South Africa who made their manual on sheep production and facilities available to the readers of ProAgri Zambia.

Slope

Slope Self feeder

Feeding alley

Manure alley

Roof line

Slope 1-6%

To handling facility Figure 1: A typical feeding pen lay-out

Types of housing systems Intensive housing systems in sheep production can be divided into feeding pen systems, or closed systems or as extensive housing systems in grazing camps. Feeding pen systems Three highly concentrated areas can be identified in a feeding pen, namely the feeding, resting and drinking areas. Normally the feeding crib is on top, the resting area in the middle and the drinking area at the bottom. This type of housing system is in general use in Southern Africa. Figure 1 shows a typical feeding pen system. The roofed area of the system can vary in size, but as a directive, a shaded area of 0,3 m² to 0,75 m² per ewe or 1 m² per ewe with a lamb should be provided. The ani-

ProAgri Zambia 27

mals will normally remain in the roofed area or in the shade and the feeding troughs are usually placed under the roof. It can be expected that most of the manure will accumulate here, therefore the manure alley with gates are giving access to a tractor with a scraper or a telehandler for manure removal. The moist and dirty conditions under the roof of a feeding pen can increase diseases. This is why a separate shade area should be provided in the middle of the pen. The feeding pens must be placed with the sloping position away from the feeding troughs and the roofed area to diminish problems with run-off water for this part. Runoff must preferably not flow from one pen to the other, as it can promote the spreading of disease. Trampling in front of feeding troughs can be prevented by placing a concrete slab of at least 80 mm wide in front of the trough. If more than one row of feedlots have to be built, the rows should be placed four to six metres apart, so that a tractor and trailer can easily move between them. This spacing forms a connecting alley that leads to the handling facilities. The individual gates from each pen must seal off the alley completely. Closed systems Closed housing systems differ from the feeding pen system by limiting the movement of sheep to a minimum. This type of complex is not generally used in Southern Africa and requires a relatively large capital input. The

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Breeding Impuls Zambia specializes in reproductive services and products for dairy and beef cattle. We specialize in AI, synchronization, pregnancy diagnosis by sonograph, semen and AI equipment sales. Based on our international experiences we created a “breeding manual” to help farmers to choose the right breed to achieve their goals. Semen is imported from different countries over the world, to provide the best genetics for a reasonable price. Our Services: • Artiﬁcial Insemination • Pregnancy diagnosis (palpitation, sonograph) • Synchronization Our Products: • Liquid Nitrogen • Bull semen: - Dairy semen: Fleckvieh, Holstein-Friesian, Jersey - Beef semen: Fleckvieh, Simental, Aberdeen Angus (red, black), Brahman, Boran, Brangus, Bonsmara, Tuli • Synchronization hormones (Syntex) • AI equipment: Liquid Nitrogen ﬂasks, AI kits, AI guns universal, minicutters, tweezers, sheaths, thaw units, thaw monitors, gloves, lubricants, disinfectants

Our contact details: www.breedingimpulszambia.com breedingimpulszambia@gmail.com Cell: +26 096 849 3432

Photo credits: Pieter Goosen In an intensive housing system, the sheep need efficient fencing, shading (natural or man-made), food, water and a resting place. This is essential for the well-being of your sheep. benefit of the system is that it is more accurately controlled and managed. Features such as increased production can be achieved by positively utilising lengthened daylight hours. The closed system is generally used in Europe with its harsh winters. Two types of buildings are used, namely concrete floor buildings and slatted floor buildings. Although slatted floor buildings are more expensive than concrete floor buildings, twice as many animals can be housed in them as in concrete floor buildings. The floor plans of some buildings can easily be changed by using loosestanding units for partitions. With this adaptation, the barn can be converted into lambing pens, slaughter lamb production pens or a shearing barn, which will mean more efficient utilisation of the facilities. Under Southern African conditions, ram pens and lambing pens can be placed beneath a lean-to without any side cover.

Materials that can be used for slatted floors include concrete, plastic, wood or expanded metal. Enclosed systems can also be used for specific animal groups, namely rams or ewes about to lamb. Extensive grazing camps Sheep are kept in these camps on grazing. The size of the camps will be determined by: • The number of sheep (group size) • The type and condition of the grazing • The specific terrain layout • The farmer’s management practices • Soil type and rainfall (prevention of drainage problems and erosion) No special facilities are necessary. A sheltered area (preferably a lean-to) and a shaded area must be provided if natural shelter such as trees and rock formations are not available. The sheep must have access to fresh water and feeding troughs with concentrated feed. Efficient fencing is also essential.

Table 1: Benefit of lengthening of daylight length.

Table 2 shows the results of the practical implementation by an American farmer.

The influence of day length on slaughter lamb production The influence of day length has repeatedly been proven in plant and animal production. The production of slaughter lambs is no exception. Intensive housing systems make it possible to implement this influence to the benefit of the producer. Although all the physiological processes taking place during daylight lengthening have not been definitely determined, positive results were reached in experiments with the lengthening of daylight. In an experiment during which two groups of slaughter lambs were exposed to 16 and 8 hours of daylight, it was proven that with the longer daylight length, lambs showed a better feed conversion rate and therefore needed less feed per unit for weight increase. Table 1 shows the average benefit of a 16 hour daylight length compared to an 8 hour daylight length obtained from three different experiments. The practical implementation of this influence had the following results for an American farmer in Table 2 From these results and available research information, Schanbacher (1982) proposes that if controlled daylight length is applied in a production system, a 16 hour daylight length should be the objective. Next month we shall look at artificial and natural ventilation and ventilation requirements. Published with acknowledgement to the ARC Institute for Agricultural Engineering for the use of their Sheep Facilities Manual. Visit www. arc.agric.za for more information.

ProAgri Zambia 27

Falcon stands the test of time, generation after generation

THE FALCON PROMISE The Falcon Promise is our business philosophy that forms the foundation of the Falcon core values and deliverables. It is what we live every day and how we do business. For more information please contact us on 033 330 4764 or visit your nearest Falcon dealer.

www.falconequipment.co.za

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Spray to protect your crops Part 4: The knapsack sprayer Compiled by J Fuls (Pr Eng)

The knapsack sprayer works like a charm on a small farm or when those pesky weeds surrounding your vegetable garden are sticking out their heads. This month we shall look at the finer workings of this incredible tool. We thank the ARC Institute for Agricultural Engineering in South Africa, who made this article available to the readers of ProAgri Zambia. The knapsack sprayer can be used to: The hand pump directly pumps liquid out of the tank for spraying. The tank is not placed under pressure. The sprayer is carried on the back, hanging on both shoulders. Pump hose Air pocket Multi level in pump Plastic tube Cylinder pump tube Outlet valve Valve on wheel Piston and inlet valve Washer Push rod Multi inlet Air inlet

Components of the knapsack sprayer: 1.

3. 4. How does the knapsack sprayer work?

Note the following differences between a bicycle pump and a knapsack pump: The bicycle wheel has a valve to stop air from returning to the pump, but the spray nozzle does not have a valve. Now an outlet valve is installed in the pump, to prevent liquid from returning to the pump. The washer of the bicycle pump is soft and allows air to flow around it to the pumping side only, as the pump rod is retracted. The seals of the piston pump cannot do the same, and now an inlet valve is needed to allow the chemicals to flow from the tank to the pump, but not back again. On the sprayer pump the chemical enters the pump at the bottom end of the push rod. The sprayer pump has a plastic tube that connects the outlet hose to the bottom of the cylinder. This tube is very important. Its function will be discussed below.

The pump inside the tank looks quite like a bicycle pump. Instead of moving the push rod, the pump cylinder is now moved up and down. The rod is fixed to the bottom of the tank.

ProAgri Zambia 27

Committed to sustainable development and in field technical solutions to the agri sector

Plant Growth Stimulants | Crop Protection | Special Pest Control | Public Health | Seed Protection Ascendis Biosciences, a division of Ascendis Health, is made up of highly specialised brands originating from South Africa. We have supported and provided the agricultural market with a broad range of services, solutions and products for more than 60 years.

If one understands how the pump works, it will be easier to find faults and to repair it.

Now this is how the problem is overcome:

Move the cylinder upwards:

This property of air is used on a spray pump:

Now move the cylinder downwards:

There is also another alternative to the inside of the pump:

The plastic tube and the air pocket: Let us look at the bicycle pump again. Fill it with water and then start pushing the handle. If we stop pushing the handle, it will immediately stop delivering water.

If the knapsack sprayer does the same, it will immediately stop delivering the chemical to the nozzle, the moment we pull the handle up for the next pumping stroke. Even spraying will then be very difficult.

The main difference is that with the pump discussed so far, the push rod is fixed to the bottom of the tank and the cylinder is moved up and down for pumping. With the alternative pump, the cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the tankand the push rod is moved up and down for pumping. The rest of the functioning remains the same.

Next month we shall take the knapsack sprayer apart to have an even closer look. Published with the acknowledgement to the ARC Institute for Agricultural Engineering for the use of their manuals. Visit www.arc.agric.za for more information. ProAgri Zambia 27

DARE TO HARVEST WITH A CHALLENGER

Challenger Rotor 500 harvester

CONTACT US TODAY Contact Wise Sibindi on +26(0) 21 122 7497 / WSibindi@bhbw.co.zm or Barry Hutchinson on +26(0) 96 802 2320 / BHutchinson@bhbw.co.zm

ProAgri Zambia 27

Crops are unstoppable with ETG’s Soya Oemff A

meaningful increase in the yield and quality of soy beans is within every farmer’s reach. This is made possible by the exact application of fertilisers according to the plants’ needs during its different growth stages. Foliar uptake is one of the techniques employed for this practice and ETG’s innovative Kynoch fertiliser offers valuable options for this process. Kynoch’s Soya Oemff is a fine, highly soluble product. By improving our understanding of the soya bean plant, its nutrient requirements and uptake, we have a

better chance of getting the greatest benefit from our fertilisation programmes. Each different nutrient has an important effect on crop performance, and it is important to find a correct balance between macronutrients and micronutrients for soya bean crops. Nutrients in the soil are taken up by the roots of the plant after which they are translocated within the plant, reaching the stems and leaves. Decreased water availability in the soil reduces the movement of nutrients and when this is the case, plant growth is hampered.

Fortunately Soya Oemff comes to the rescue as a foliar fertiliser application to provide the crop with all the required trace elements such as copper, boron, sulphur et cetera. Application rates Apply three to four kilograms per hectare. Eight kg can also be applied through overhead irrigation. Apply Soya Oemff at the rate of 300 grams in a 16 litre knapsack sprayer or four kilograms per hectare. Soya Oemff is recommended for three applications from the time of germination. The first application is due on the three to five days leaf stage, the second one during vegetative growth at one month and the last application should be administered during the flowering stage or when the pods are formed. Uses Soya Oemff contains macro and micro-elements in a specific ratio which is beneficial to soya beans and can be used as a general application if needed. It is extremely useful if the soya bean plant was exposed to stress such as water logging, drought or heat, cold or chemical stress. It can be used in either very high or very low pH conditions where specific micronutrient deficiencies are expected. Advantages Soya beans can experience nutrient deficiencies due to other reasons, although there may be sufficient nutrients in the soil. Soya beans are legumes and are able to fix nitrogen from the air using rhizobium bacteria. Ensuring the correct nutrition and particularly by foliar feeding at the right time, the fixation of nitrogen can be enhanced and the production of proteins and oils improved. Soya Oemff is specifically formulated to provide the nutritional needs of soya beans and the necessary micro elements are chelated. Soya Oemff enhances the efficiency of the soya plant through, for example, improved root development and improved chlorophyll production for photosynthesis. Only one product is necessary for a foliar feed in the spray tank.

ProAgri Zambia 27

All farmers can benefit from Monsanto technology by Monsanto staff writer

A true farmer immediately recognises good maize when he sees it and it most definitely has Monsanto technology in it.

he extraordinary amount of research and development that go into modern crops is breathtaking. This includes laboratory work, breeding, seed multiplication, seed treatment and the right packing for the right farmer. On top of that, the process of registering one cultivar in a country can take up to several years. One company which comes to mind when thinking about seed is Monsanto.

Monsantoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s highly advanced maize fits like a kernel on a cob on a Zambian farm. 22

Through years of research, testing and collaboration with farmers, Monsanto developed products and tools to help farmers in Africa, and around the world, to grow crops while using energy, water and land more efficiently. They firmly believe that agricultural innovation, continuous improvement in farming practices, and collaboration across the public and private sectors can make a difference for farmers, the consumers they serve, the rural community and the planet. Monsanto is committed to bring a broad range of solutions to assist all farmers, from subsistence to commercial, in Zambia and the rest of Africa.

Monsanto works hard to find sustainable agricultural solutions that help farmers conserve natural resources, use data to improve farming practices, use water and other important resources more efficiently, and protect their crops from pests and diseases. At Monsanto, they believe that their DEKALB hybrids can play a major role in assisting farmers and addressing food security in particular.

They have a range of products available for farmers in Zambia which are:

Monsanto is thoroughly present in Zambia with their DEKALB brand. They have demonstration plots and seed multiplication farms all over the country, where the perfect cultivars they have to offer for big and small farmers are displayed and cultivated.

ProAgri Zambia 27

DKC80-33 Early maturity Good standing ability Good tolerance to stress and diseases Reliable yield even in less favourable growing conditions Hard semi-dent grain Potential double ears

DKC 777 will be launched on 13 April at Agritech this year. Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t miss the big event.

DKC80-33 DKC90-89 Medium maturity Good standing ability Good tolerance to stress Semi flint grain â&#x20AC;&#x201C; good poundability Potential for double ears Suitable for medium to high rainfall areas DKC90-89 should not be planted in areas that are prone to grey leaf spot (GLS) Also an excellent choice for commercial farmers DKC80-53 Medium maturity Good standing ability Good tolerance to maize diseases (GLS, blight, rust and cob rot) Suitable for medium and high rainfall areas Flint type and hard grain

DKC777 Medium maturity Excellent yield stability Potential double ears Good tolerance to maize diseases (GLS, blight, rust and cob rot as well as maize lethal necrosis (MLN)) Exceptionally good grain quality Good poundability Excellent standing ability Uniform cob placement Also an excellent choice for commercial farmers On Friday, 13 April the second day of the Agritech show, this new block buster hybrid will be launched at the DEKALB stand. DKC80-73 Late maturing High yielding Recommended for commercial farmers Good standing ability Monsanto supports farmers in all areas of the world and therefore, in addition to good quality hybrid seed, Monsanto has also introduced a crop insurance programme in Zambia. This will protect farmers in case their seed fails to geminate after three weeks of planting due to poor rainfall. Farmers need to register when buying seed and can redeem replacement seed from their nearest distributor upon confirmation.

ProAgri Zambia 27

The Monsanto stand at Agritech 2017 drew many visitors and meaningful discussions about seed were held between the Monsanto personnel and serious farmers.

Monsanto invested in Africa for a reason. Contact them on +27 (0)11-790-8200 or send an e-mail to customercare.sa@ monsanto.com. Visit their helpful website at www.dekalb.co.za 23

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Make more from your crops By Theresa Siebert, Petrus Britz, Pr Eng and Agrelek

Processing of oil seeds - Part 4

oy paste is very popular in Oriental soy products and this month we take a closer look at the processing of this product. We thank the ARC Institute for Agricultural Engineering in South Africa, who made the information available to the readers of ProAgri Zambia.

Soy paste Soy paste is basically prepared from whole or flaked soy beans and other cereals (wheat, rice, barley) that is fermented, mixed with brine and fermented again to produce a salty, tangy condiment or seasoning for meat, fish and vegetable dishes. It can also be used as a base for sauce preparation to go with meat, seafood, poultry or vegetable dishes and as a stock for soups. It can also be spiced with hot peppers (chilli) to produce “hot soy paste”. A wide variety of soy paste prod-

ucts is available on the market. This is due to the different raw ingredients and methods of preparation, as family recipes were passed on from one generation to the next. Chinese soy paste (jiang) is usually prepared from whole soy beans and wheat bran, and the final product is gritty and spicy to complement their stronger flavoured cookery. Japanese soy paste (miso) is usually prepared from soy beans and rice or barley and is ground to a paste that resembles the consistency of peanut butter. It has a milder taste and a lighter colour. Process description – Chinese soy paste preparation The preparation of Chinese soy paste can be divided into five main steps • Koji starter preparation • Treatment of soy and cereals

• Inoculation and first fermentation • Addition of brine and second fermentation • Preservation and packaging Preparation of koji starter The direct translation of “koji” is “bloom of moulds”. The koji starter provides the spores of microorganisms needed to make soy paste. Its preparation is very similar to the preparation of a starter culture for yoghurt and serves the same purpose. Soy beans are firstly crushed and mixed with other cereal products in the desired ratio. Water is added to about 95% and the mixture is steam-cooked to ensure that all natural flora is destroyed. Cooking also causes breaking down of starch to components that are easier to digest for inoculum. The cooked soy cereal mix is then spread out on cooling trays and cooled to about 30° C to ensure optimum activity of the inoculum. The soy and cereal mix is inoculated with a selected strain of Aspergillus oryzae and incubated in a sterile environment under controlled conditions. Fermentation occurs at 28 to 30° C for 16 hours, followed by an increase in the temperature to 34° C for an additional 48 hours, or until green spores are visible. The mature koji is then harvested to act as a starter culture during the preparation of soy paste. Treatment of soy and cereals prior to inoculation Whole soy beans are cleaned, soaked for three to five hours in water and drained before being steamed for 40 minutes. Cooking is a very important step that enhances protein digestibility by koji starter culture and thus ensures the desired final texture of the paste. The cooked soy beans are then cooled to 80° C prior to mixing with wheat. Wheat bran or flour is steamed or roasted before being mixed with the hot soy beans. The ratio of the soy to wheat is generally 65:35. The mixture is then allowed to cool down between 38 and 40° C prior to inoculation. First fermentation The treated soy and wheat mixture is inoculated with the prepared koji starter. The concentration of starter used is between 0,3 and 0,5%. Fermentation takes place on open pans under a controlled temperature of 36° C, airflow and relative humidity of more than 90%. The mixture is occasionally stirred to release internal heat generated by fermentation and to ensure sufficient aeration of the mixture. The first fermentation stage is usually completed after 30 to 36 hours when the mixture turns olive green. The resulting product is known as mature koji and is

ProAgri Zambia 27

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Soy bean paste (Image source: maangchi.com) regarded as an intermediate product of soy paste and sauce manufacturing. Koji moulds contain a great variety of enzymes that digest starch, protein and lipid components of the raw material. During this fermentation process the major components of the raw materials are thus broken down to smaller components that act as substrate for the second fermentation process. Second fermentation The koji is now mixed with warm brine and packed in fermentation vats or tanks and allowed to ferment anaerobically. Temperature is a very important factor during fermentation. During the early stages of brine fermentation, the temperature is controlled between 42 and 45° C to encourage proteolysis. In the later stages, the temperature is elevated to between 50 and 52° C to promote amylase activity. It takes 15 days of brine fermentation (under optimal temperature conditions) to produce the product in known as jiang. The product may be allowed to mature for an additional month at 30 to 35° C to improve the flavour.

35%. The water is then drained and the rice is steam-cooked for 40 minutes in an open cooker. The cooked rice is then cooled to 35° C. The koji starter is added to the cooled, cooked rice at a concentration level of 0,1%. The mixture is incubated at 30° C and 96% relative humidity for 15 hours. It is then spread out on large open trays in layers of four cm thick and fermentation continues at 30 to 35° C until the rice is completely covered with white mycelium. This is now referred to as mature koji. Treatment of soy beans The treatment of the soy beans runs concurrent with the preparation of rice koji. Cleaned whole soy beans are washed and soaked overnight. The water is drained and the soy beans are steam-cooked until tender. Cooking can be performed in a pressure cooker at 0,7 to 1 kg per cm² for 20 to 30 minutes, or in an open pan cooker for several hours. The bean to water ratio in the open cooker is usually 1:4. The cooked soybeans are transferred to a belt conveyor type cooler where it is spread out and cooled to between 25 and 30° C.

Mixing and mashing of rice koji and soy beans The rice koji and cooked soy beans are mixed together with salt and boiled water. The mixture is inoculated by pure culture of yeast and lactic acid bacteria or miso from a previous batch (mother miso). It is roughly mashed in a chopper and forced through five millimetre perforations. The homogeneous mix is then transferred to an open vat or fermentation vat that has been disinfected. Here it is left to ferment under controlled temperatures of 30 to 38° C for at least six months. The fermented mash is blended and may be pureed even further by a plate cutter with one to two millimetre perforations. Pasteurising and preserving soy paste Since the raw paste contains viable microorganisms, the paste is usually pasteurised in a steam-jacketed pasteuriser or preserved with chemical preservatives. Permitted preservative include ethyl alcohol (2%) and sorbic acid (0,1%) Packaging of soy paste Pasteurised paste may be hot-filled into containers or aseptically filled into retail containers. Suitable containers include glass jars, plastic pouches or tubs. Labelling of soy paste Soy paste containers are labelled with the necessary information and visuals to make it an attractive product on the market.

Literature sources: 1. Applewhite, T.H. 1989. Vegetable Protein Utilization in Human Food and Animal Food Stuffs. 2. Lui, KeShun. 1999. Soy beans: Chemistry, Technology and Utilization. Gaithersburg: Aspen Publishers, Inc. 3. Snyder, H.E. & Kwan, T.W. 1987. Soybean Utilization. 4. Tanteeratarm, K. 1992. Soybean Processing for Food Uses.

Process description - Japanese soy paste preparation The method for making Japanese soy paste products differs slightly from the Chinese method and consists of the following main steps: • Preparation of koji starter culture • Preparation of rice Koji • Treatment of soy beans • Mixing and mashing • Fermentation • Pasteurisation and packaging Preparation of koji starter This step is the same as described above for the Chinese paste. Preparation of rice koji Cleaned, polished rice is washed and soaked in water at 15° C overnight to increase the moisture content to about

Mixing and mashing of rice koji and soy beans (Image source: justhungry.com)

ProAgri Zambia 27

Next month we shall look at the soy protein concentrate production process. Published with the acknowledgement to the ARC Institute for Agricultural Engineering for the use of their manuals. Visit www.arc.agric.za for more information. 29

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HarvestPlus: Better crops, Better nutrition.

ealth depends largely on good nutrition and wholesome, healthy food is what the farmer supplies to feed his family and the nation. In this noble task, farmers can depend on HarvestPlus for wholesome, healthy, nutritious products. At the Agritech Expo this year, HarvestPlus presents four extraordinary crops that are filled with the goodness of vitamins and minerals. Seed will be available at the stand. Some products made from these NEW nutritious crops will be available to tease your taste buds and wet your appetite. This is one pavilion not to be missed! Orange maize will deliver at least 30% of your daily vitamin A requirements. In addition to vitamin A, orange maize is filled with many other nutritious compounds. It is tested and proven to benefit the body. A majority of consumers testify that orange maize tastes better than white maize. Consistent consumption of vitamin A rich foods is proven to maintain a good eye sight, improve the immune system and maintain a healthy skin. Zambia now has six different varieties of vitamin A orange maize, achieving comparable yields to similar white varieties. Seed companies supplying seed include Zamseed (GV664A0), Kamano Seed (GV662A), AfriSeed (GV672A), and SeedCo (GV665A). The market for orange maize is ever expanding with more than ten milling companies and five food processing companies lining up to buy the grain. The following buyers are prepared and ready to buy orange maize from farmers: Shais Food: 096-969-0656 Sylva Catering: 097-970-7944 Star Milling in Lusaka: 097-436-1494 Mushe Milling in Lusaka: 097-304-7700 Choma Milling in Choma: 097-782-6356 Chimsoro Milling in Kapiri:

Orange maize filled with vitamin A

096-699-4444 FVG Milling in Kabwe: 097-727-3260 Butemwe Milling in Solwezi: 097-473-1805 Fanyate Milling in Lusaka: 097-785-2583 Musanza Milling in Livingstone: 097-207-7543 HarvestPlus is distributes orange maize in many African countries including Zimbabwe, Malawi and Nigeria.

Cassava filled with vitamin A early. This crop can be viewed at the HarvestPlus Pavilion at Agritech. HarvestPlus is working in Kinshasa and Nigeria to provide yellow cassava. Since yellow cassava is filled with vitamin A, the crop will provide similar health benefits to orange maize.

Beans filled with iron and zinc Beans play an important role as a source of protein and micronutrients which are essential, especially for children and pregnant women. In Zambia, HarvestPlus works with the National Bean Programme and the Pan African Bean Research Alliance to promote a high iron and zinc bean variety named Mbereshi. This bean variety delivers high yields and is tolerant to bean diseases in the country. Being early maturing (80 to 85 days), Mbereshi beans can be grown twice a year by utilising residual moistures in dambos and river banks, which are abundant and suitable for bean production in Zambia. The variety has been widely accepted by farmers and consumers in the country and the Southern Africa region. Beans provide iron and zinc, and tests have been conducted which show that this beans increase haemoglobin and total body iron when consumed consistently. The zinc in the beans will assist in maintaining good immunity and protect consumers from acute diarrhoea. In addition to Zambia, HarvestPlus also distributes high iron beans in Rwanda and Uganda. Cassava is the second most important staple food in Zambia. HarvestPlus wishes to offer consumers a more nutritious cassava crop. Since cassava contains vitamin A, it has a yellow colour, just like all other vitamin A rich crops. Scientists maintain that this cassava has a good taste, provides high yields and matures

ProAgri Zambia 27

Orange sweet potato filled with vitamin A Energy rich sweet potatoes are an important crop in Zambia. Only 100 g (Â˝ cup) supply the daily vitamin A needs of a young child - the group most at risk to suffer a vitamin A deficiency. Moreover, it is a good source of vitamins C, E, K, and several B vitamins. Research studies have shown that using orange sweet potato can reduce vitamin A deficiency. Compared to many other crops, sweet potato requires few inputs and relatively less labour. This makes it particularly suitable for many farming households. Factors driving adoption of orange sweet potato include its relatively good yields under marginal conditions, its flexible planting and harvesting times that provide roots and leaves during hungry seasons, and its good yield response to improved management. A family of five needs less than half a lima (400 to 500 mÂ˛) of land to grow enough orange sweet potato to meet their annual vitamin A needs. It is not difficult to see that orange sweet potato is a commercially viable crop, which has broken into the retail markets of chain stores such as Pick and Pay in Zambia. In addition to Zambia, HarvestPlus also promotes production and consumption of orange sweet potatoes in Uganda. For more information, e-mail Eliab Simpungwe at E.Simpungwe@CGIAR.ORG to find out more about this magnificent crop seed varieties. 33

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Hennie Heyneke (ZM) +260 96 109 5887 (RZA) +27(0) 82 454 9964 hheynek@bhbw.co.zm Frikke Hefer (RZA) +27(0) 60 976 2200 frikkie@bednar-machinery.co.za

www.bednar-machinery.com

Bednar Africa Pty Ltd 4 Barret Street, Frankfort, Freestate Tel: (RZA) +27(0) 71 657 8507 Fax: 086 480 6134

BEDNAR FMT is a progressive manufacturer of agricultural machinery with specialization on production of machines for tillage, seeding, fertilising and slashing. Due to the close and strong relationship with farmers BEDNAR FMT ranks among the most innovative manufacturers developing and producing machines with good values reducing costs to the farmers. BEDNAR FMT s.r.o. was founded in 1997 by Msc. LadislavBednรกล . 42

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BM001APR2018ZAM

A ROBUST CULTIVATOR FOR A TOUGH JOB.

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ML - DRILLING & EXPLORATION Ltd OUR EXPERIENCE IS FAST

OUR CLIENTS

WHAT WE DO

1. Water survey (�radi�onal & Conven�onal methods) 2. Any size borhole drilling & development 3. Borehole equipping (Electrical & Solar items) 4. Installa�on of hand-pumps on both communal & individual wells

Jogaiah Yadav jogaiahyadav@yahoo.com 0975 / 0955 / 0969 799 799

Commercial borehole on Buya Bamba farms

1. Commercial farmers Amatheon Agri Buya Bamba Potatoes 2. Small-scale farmers Individual & Financed community projects Dairy Farms 3. Individual customers �esiden�al areas 4. District councils 5. Climate change programs Under climate change secretariat under MOF 6. Non-�overnmental organiza�ons Wateraid & Childfund

Solar �owered boreholes e�ui��ed with irriga�on systems and water kiosks - Courtesy of Nutri-aid Projects.

Plot No CL/1/F/737/50 Emmasdale, Kabwe road, Lusaka Opposite Chaisa bus stop

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yokulima.co.za

abchansenafrica.co.za

+27 12 803 0036

info@abchansen.co.za

Wherever you see our Supreme logo, it’s a promise of the freshest, healthiest birds around, oﬀering you amazing value. Whether you plan to roast, grill, fry or boil your chicken, it will be a wholesome, healthy meal for the whole family.

“Ross Zambia is proud to u�lise the Ross gene�cs, which is ranked as the world’s number one broiler breeder brand with a product range that oﬀers customers the solu�on for all requirements, ﬁrst-class gene�cs and product performance. Ross is considered the breed of choice for the global poultry industry.”

NUTRI has evolved out of our understanding of our customers needs. We aim to provide the highest quality protein products for all markets.

Supreme Chicken Sales: +260 969 027 911 E-mail: rbzaba�oir@rossafrica.com

Nutrifeeds Zambia Ltd Sales: +260 966 627 765 E-mail: nutrisaletech@rossafrica.com

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Ross Breeders Zambia Ltd Sales: +26 0977 321 310 Email: rbzsales@rossafrica.com

WE OFFER A COMPREHENSIVE RANGE OF YAMAHA, JIALING AND LIFAN BIKES AND QUADS AT EXCELLENT PRICES EACH MACHINE COMES WITH OUR 1 YEAR WARRANTY AND SPARES BACKUP MOTORBIKE SALES

SERVICE CENTER

FINANCING

PARTS AND ACCESSORIES

MOTORBIKE ACADEMY

REGISTRATION

EVERYTHING FOR MOTORBIKES

Best of Bikes House, Central Park, Cairo Road, Lusaka 211 236 912/3 / +260 964 584 778 / info@bestofbikes.com

46+260

www.bestofbikes.com

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SYSTEM Reduce theft Resistant to chemicals Easy conversion from / to other systems Easy and cheap to repair Permanent / semi-permanent Works at 4,8 bar pressure

+27 00 82265886054 +27 00 79977779303

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Switch to a partner that’s part of your business. FNB’s deep insight into the agricultural sector comes from the industry experts that we employ. Our practical understanding of your agricultural cycles allows us to customise trade solutions, so your business is never put on hold. Our hands-on knowledge of your business, means we can offer you the right banking expertise and solutions such as eWallet for Business, asset ﬁnancing and even ﬁnancing for land development when you need it. Partner with FNB and prepare for growth.

Email businessbanking@FNBZambia.co.zm First National Bank Zambia Limited is a licensed Commercial Bank.

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