IDA Diary (3 year) By Martins Silins by Martin Silins

MARTINS SILINS

IDA DIARY STUDIO 5

INTEGRATED DESIGN AUDIT (AR6003) ID: 11017246 2014/15 MODULE LEADER - JAMES PAYNE

CONTENT 2 6-43 44-61 62-89 90-96

PRECEDENT -RESIDENTIAL BLOCK

By Angelo Mangiarotti

STUDIO TRIP

Sweden - Stockholm

KVARNHOLMEN

Site and master plan analyses

CASE STUDY

hybrid building district

120-139

Hybrid development

140-156

IGS-Centre

158-169 170-192 193-219 220-221

222-257 258-259

260-264

STUDIO INTRODUCTION

KVARNHOLMEN - GROUP WORK

Existing site drawing, model preparation in groups

DESIGN PROJECT - BRIEF 1

Preparing ground

DESIGN PROJECT - BRIEF 2

Massing

Structure enginer, material expert - tutorials

DESIGN PROJECT - BRIEF 3

Courtyard design

Cambridge pre-cast factory visit

DESIGN PROJECT - BRIEF 4

Landscape, building, interior

LONDON METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY

SIR JOHN CASS FACULTY OF ART, ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN

STUDIO 5 NINA LUNDVALL & JAMES PAYNE

BRIEF 1 STUDIO INTRODUCTION / BRIEF

EXPERIMENTAL LIVING The studio will first time take the design site outside of United Kingdom, to investigate and experiment with new ways of living for high and medium density housing in one of the ex-industrial sites of Stockholm called Kvarnholmen. (Can read about that future is research of Kvarnholmen). It will be in our interests to develop two different type of typologies housing - the high rise point block and the lower rise, medium density that would be courtyard dwelling. The project will propose to return once promised new ways of life of the first modernist housing, but give the spirit of future, by proposing new way and potentially experimenting ways of living, by investigating new materials, structures and sustainable technologies. The site is located 15 min drive from Stockholm, its very close for anyone to reach in morning hours, and perfectly suitable for families. It has dramatic landscape and large green area. It dose have large area of stone, that complicates the possible proposal idea, or bring new challenges to the table. This site is perfect location for experimenting ideas for residential designs and learning new skills for landscape architecture. The design work will propose to build building between hard landscape, water surrounding site and green areas, trying to not damage the area, but perfectly suitable for living, to bring the best out of it.

KVARNHOLMEN REFERENCES: IMAGE 1. http://www.thecass.com/

The north side of Kvarnholmen in 1930 happened Exhibition of Stockholm, one of most influential events for history of modern architecture all over the world. The furnished apartments were great way to show for the masses the experimental way of modern architecture, that could change the future. The tradition of expo continued in Sweden that got completely occupied afterwards for example Malmo and Tensta.

1. THE BIRD VIEW OF KVARNHOLMEN

BRIEF 1 PRECEDENT STUDY

INTRODUCTION The studio will continue this year with precedent studies for original or lesser known projects for specific residential buildings. They will be investigated with largely model based projects to understand the housing typology and layout. Most of them twentieth century, but some of them recent and contemporary, to compare the ideas. The intentions show how housing projects where previously generated and can remain fresh and radical against our decade projects. Its an great chance to explore the ideas for residential buildings that modern residential blocks where maid. Residential buildings are the most focused building for comfort of living. It gives the basic perspective of what each building needs for person. In same time, you have chance to take a look of experiments that in past for this type of building successful and also not as much.

THE OUTDOOR SPACE One of the key components for successful high density housing is private outdoor space, and the way it relates with interior space. This type of elements will be studied deeper for precedent and design project to understand relationship, connection and possibilities that can be applied for future modern housing.

REFERENCES: IMAGES 1. irynaklixbull.wordpress.com

1. ONE OF MALMO SUSTAINABILITY PROJECTS RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

BRIEF 1 RESEARCH - TYPOLOGICAL STUDIES (STUDIO BRIEF)

TOWER & COURTYARD We start year with a comparative study of residential tower and courtyard housing project. There are to be modelled and drawn to a precise specification to build up a coherent body of precedents. This typological study will abstract key attributes of the tower and courtyard dwelling and illustrate many of the hard-won ideas and spatial layouts that have been developed in the past to allow you as designers to borrow, adapt and be inspired by precedents.

INHABITATION MODEL The inhabitation model will be a large scale model at 1/25 or 1/33 of a number of dwelling units that will show the layouts of the individual units but also their grouping configuration. For a tower this would be the whole floor, for courtyard dwellings it would be a few next to each other horizontally. These models will be quick and easy to make from white card and foam-board to show the main spaces and windows and outdoor areas. Any vertical circulation cores should be left solid. All foam-board edges are to be chamfered or covered with card. Chose one unit to furnish in the manner of Sanaa’s inhabitation models. Consider the kind of furniture, carpets and other contents of the flat carefully. These may be hand-made or laser-cut, some indication of furnishings may be given by the architect’s drawings but you should imagine how you might layout the spaces if you yourself were living in your precedent.

MASSING

REFERENCES:

Make a massing model at 1:500 of the whole ensemble to show grouping characteristics and an edited version of any important topography or context, natural or artificial. This model can be made in one of three ways; a cast model in one material, a timber model in solid timber of one species or a 3d printed white model.

INFO ttp://www.thecass.com/ IMAGE 1. www.archdaily.com

FAÇADE AND ROOF DRAWINGS

This will be a large black and white drawing of a minimum size of A1 and at a scale of at least 1/50. This will be of a part of the elevation of a tower (not necessarily the whole elevation) that may reach the edge of the paper. For a courtyard dwelling you will draw a roof-plan. Drawings will be perceptive to show the external spaces and give depth to the drawing. Use shadows to bring out the relief and three-dimensionality of the facade or roof. Draw vegetation if necessary but not people. This will be a monochrome illustration, you may use a 3d programme but we want the finished piece to be pencil drawn.

OWN TROUGHTS Brief project will give opportunity to explore residential projects in 3 most specific scales. To best understand the way they are designed and why. It will help to better understand the way it could possibly sit in the site and connect with other housings around. To learn about material use and construction options and design layout possibilities for residential buildings. 8

1. PENCIL DRAWING FRONT FACADE

MONZA

BRIEF 1 MONZA ITALY

COUNTRY: ITALY REGION: LOMBARDY AREA TOTAL: 33.03 KM TOTAL POPULATION: 120.398 DENSITY: 3.600/KM2 CARLO AMATI (1776 - 1852) ARHITECT

MONZO Its a city and commune on the river Lambro, located in Italy. About 9 Miles from Milana. Its most important industrial, economic and administrative centre of the Brianza area. Its supports a textile industry and a publishing trade. Monza park is one of the largest urban parks in whole Europe.

GEOGRAPHY Being between Brianza and Milana at an altitude of 162 metres above the sea level. Monza shares the same metro area, and is a big part of its new province. River Lambro enters Monza from the North. That is artificial fork of the river, created for purpose of defence. It has typical sub mediterranean climate, with very short winters and warm summers. Average temperature is about (36 °F) in coldest month, the warmest in July rich around (73 °F). The city usually doesn’t suffer from drought in any season.

MAIN SIGHTS

REFERENCES: INFORMATION: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monza IMAGE: http://shadyhorseman.deviantart.com/art/Filly-Rarityand-Mario-Cross-Paths-279877177

Monza have withstood thirty two sieges, but the Porta D’agrate is the only remaining of its original walls and fortifications. Monza is well known for its romanesque-gothic cathedral of Saint John. There Chapel of prayer from c. 595 that foundations remaining under the crossing of nave and transept was enlarged at the close of the 13th century by enclosing the former atrium within the building. The Monza park and the gardens of the royal palace are among the largest in whole Europe that are enclosed by walls. The are is approximately 685 hectares. There are large number of other great piece of architecture in Monza, including The church of Santa Maria in strada, The Broletto or Arengario, etc.

BRIEF 1 SITE

THE SITE The building is located in town Monza next to Milana. Sitting on corner between Via Ludovico Pavoni and Via Artigianelli streets. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s surrounded by the green space, but the green space under it self hides large space underground car park. Its residential busy with local church located a cross the road. The buildings is not located as other buildings by the road, but slightly with an angel inside the park. The buildings hight is designed by the overall landscape of street, to sit in it.

REFERENCES: 1. Google earth

RESIDENTAL BLOCK

CAR PARK

1. BIRD VIEW OF THE SITE

LOCAL CHURCH

BRIEF 1 BUILDING

ARCHITECT

ANGELO MANGIAROTTI 1921 - 2012

THE BUILDING The building main material is pre-cast concrete. The whole building is created with storey-height pre-cast concrete sandwich elements and only joint elements in the building are stairs and lift. It was said that because of economical reasons some of the concrete slabs were prefabricated, but others cast on site. Building owns flexible arrangement, in order for occupants to arrange the rooms in their own way.

ANGELO MANGIAROTTI Architect is born in Milan on 26th of February 1921. He Graduated from Politecnico Di Milano in 1948 as an architect. Between 1953-1954 worked in United States and participated in project like â&#x20AC;&#x153;Loopâ&#x20AC;?. In hist life time he also worked with architects Gropius and Waschmann, that are both interested in Modular construction. In his carrer time he also know people like Frank LLoyd Wright, Walter Gropius, Mies Van Der Rohe and Knorad Wachsmann. In 1960 Together with Bruno Morassutii opened Architecture company in Italy. Between 1986 to 1992 was art director of Colle Cristalleria and he haver Received awards both in fields of architecture and design. Right now his company also works with exclusive furniture pieces.

REFERENCES: INFORMATION: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelo_Mangiarotti IMAGE: www.tumblr.com

1. THE CORNER VIEW

BRIEF 1 EXTERIOR

EXTERIOR OF THE BUILDING The exterior wall is made from prefabricated concrete elements. The top floor elevation elements have vertical drops inside the pre-cast concrete. The irregular staggered facade perimeter creates more opportunities for different views-aspects and outside spaces. The window outside is made of steel frames, that works similar like pocket doors, that you can slide open and closed. More about specific and details of windows you can read in next pages. The actual windows are made of timber. The balconies are stone tiled with metal handrails and concrete foot under the handlers. They are formed like cuts inside the building. The balconies sizes are wide open and gives great view and place to sit down for a view to city. The building owns interesting section. The ground floor is dragged down into ground. It leaves the first floor half a level off the garden that surrounds it. Under the garden possibly the car park is located.

REFERENCES:

www.tumblr.com

IMAGE: http://www.immobiliare.it/41186394-Affitto-Appartamento-via-Artigianelli-Monza.html

EXTERIOR

BALCONY EXTERIOR

EXTERIOR GROUND FLOOR

STAIRS TO GROUND FLOOR

BALCONY

BRIEF 1 INTERIOR

EXTERIOR OF THE BUILDING Buildings flats are possible to customise because of its flexible partitions. It owns very strange “hive-like” plan. All the flats are big and complexed. The are made for wealthy and big families typical for Italians. Each flat has approximately 3 - 4 bedrooms. Each floor contains around 3 flats. Each of them are different sizes, with large possibility layouts.

EXTERIOR OF THE BUILDING The furniture is possibly designed by the Angelo Mangiarotti practise. It’s simple but original in same size. It all has its own characteristic. He was not afraid of using strong colours, while keeping some things very simple. The doors of exterior and interior are made of timber, the living room have tiled wooden flooring, but balconies have stone tiles, same as ground floor. All the bathrooms are tiled. The windows are full length, that gives large amount of light for inside.

REFERENCES: www.tumblr.com IMAGE: http://www.immobiliare.it/41186394-Affitto-Appartamento-via-Artigianelli-Monza.html

LOBBY ON GROUND FLOOR

LIVING ROOM

TOILET LIVING ROOM

BRIEF 1 2# RESIDENTAL APARTMENT BLOCK ARIOSO, COMO 1977

GENERAL INFORMATION There is similar building done in 1977 in Ariosi. Five story building that function in the same free typology of recreating rooms as attendant wants. The only difference is that, its actual size is about 40% smaller and has only 5 floors in place of 7. The facades projections and turns are even more broken up then original 1972 building. Arioso For the Arioso Como residential build you can see that it has each floor 3 - 4 balconies and together it has 21 columns running trough the building. It has same stair and elevator system. that are the only ones attached to the building. Monzo Each floor got 6 floor and together it has approximately 22 columns running trough also stairs and elevator is only element fixed in building except the columns.

REFERENCES:

Domus, Article by Beppe Finessi, no. 961, 2012 Sept., p. 64-65.

ARIOSO

STRUCTURE PLAN

FIRST FLOOR STRUCTURE AND BALCONY LAYOUT

MANZO

STRUCTURE PLAN

FIRST FLOOR STRUCTURE AND BALCONY LAYOUT

SECOND FLOOR STRUCTURE AND BALCONY LAYOUT

ROOM LAYOUT SECOND FLOOR ROOM LAYOUT SECOND FLOOR

1. SKETCH OF OLD EXISTING CORNER PLAN OF THE BUILDING

ARIOSO, COMO 1977

BRIEF 1 PLAN LAYOUTS

GENERAL INFORMATION The top floor shows the layout of rooms, each colour represents different flat. These flats are probably not changed from the time the first residents moved in. The plan below you can see the same flats, but without the interior walls. It shows the complete size of actual flats including the lobby at middle. It shows how rooms can be flexible and it can be possible to organize in any way. The plan under shows, different type of layout for blue flat. Possibly be used or designed before. It also shows extra lobby space that comes from stairs and two entry points inside the flat.

FIRST FLOOR ONLY GROSS EXTERNAL AREA GROSS INTERNAL AREA STAIRS BALCONIES

SQM

SQF

452.3 383.34 7.06 38.16

4868 4126 76.07 410

GROSS INTERNA AREA + EXLUDING BALCONIES SQM SQF RED FLAT GREEN BLUE

148.10 60.09 107.5

1594 655.6 1157.9

SQM

SQF

3166.1 2683.38 49.42 267.12

34076 28882 532.49 2870

REFERENCES:

www.tumblr.com

WHOLE BUILDING ( 7 FLOORS) GROSS EXTERNAL AREA GROSS INTERNAL AREA STAIRS BALCONIES ( LARGE LIST TO COME )

FLAT 2

FLAT 1

FLAT 3

BRIEF 1 PLAN LAYOUTS

SECTION Simple section was done to show the structure of the building. The only fixed elements in this building are stairs and elevators, as you can see in green and red colour. Columns are running through the building, and keeps the whole weight. The ground floor is located inside the ground creating a little cup for the building. In the Gray colour you can see the car park access represented inside the drawing.

CONCRETE SLAB

COLUMNS

STAIRS

ELEVATOR

BRIEF 1 DETAIL OF FACADE 1. CONNECTION POINT

2. WINDOW SECTION DETAIL

1. Wall panel, storey height pre-cast concrete, with internal 120 mm rigid polystyrene thermal insulation. 2. Pre-cast concrete roof edge element. 3. Wooden window element 4. Wooden window with double glazing 4mm toughened safety glass + 9 mm cavity + 4mm toughened safety glass 5. Folding wooden shuffles 6. Sheet copper, bent to ault, 8/10 mm 7. Pre-cast concrete parapet element 8. M12 bolt 9. Steel angle 60 x 60 x mm, for fixing roof edge element, welded to steel flat cast flush into reinforced concrete roof slab. 10. Steel angle, 60 x 120 x 8 mm, for fixing wall panel, welded to steel flat cast, flush into reinforced concrete roof slab.

REFERENCES: IMAGES / INFORMATION Facade Construction Manual, Published by Birkh채user Architecture, 2004 IMAGES Domus, Article by Beppe Finessi, no. 961, 2012 Sept., p. 64-65.

DETAIL ELEVATION

DETAILS OF WINDOW JOINTS AND PRECAST CONCRETE BLOCKS

BRIEF 1 ELEVATION DRAWING

ELEVATION DRAWINGS On most of elevation you can see whole storey height pre-cast concrete elements. They are sitting on concrete pre-cast edge elements. The windows are made of wooden frames and double glazing, in front of them you can find folding wooden shuffles. The balconies have at least 3m depth and in front of them you can find metal handrails. The roof starts with another roof edge pre-cast concrete element that follows with another concrete slab.

The corner elevation, is done after pencil drawing and put in Photoshop to render with the textures on top. Focusing only on the top corner of the building from east side to show the roof terrace and the way its connected with rest of the facade. 28

First elevation drawing was done with Revit and Photoshop. It was focused on South elevation, trying to express the whole facade, not forgetting about the ground floor that is drugged inside the ground. The facade express well the depths of the balconies, how its cutting the facade and making this abstract shape. Even when the result was successful it didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t exactly reflect to the brief as it was asked to elevation to be done with pencil.

REFERENCES: PENCIL LINE DRAWING

Photoshop done drawing using pencil type of textures. The drawing focuses on top elevation of the building. The main focus is on the the balconies to show the changes of the elevation line. In same time drawing lacks the quality of texture, and the depth of balconies something can be unclear. The change between the facade and balconies are too strong.

PENCIL ELEVATION PERSPECTIVE

The last elevation was done only with pencil, the lines were traced after 3D model then later own mad pencil texture was applied on it. It shows well the quality of the facade, the changes of depth in facade and helps to understand the material.

BRIEF 1 3D MODEL

3D MODEL The 3D model was made of plastic, including the little site landscape around it. It shows the shape of the building including the way it sits in the site. There were two models separately done, one of them was small example of landscape around it, showing the stairs and the car park entrance, also including the green space that surrounds the building. The car park road comes from north side and goes under the building make a circle and goes under the building. The actual building with the columns under are another model, it gives the quality of the facade, showing each of the windows and depths of terraces.

CAR PARK ENTRY

3D MODEL FROM TOP

3D MODEL ELEVATIONS

BRIEF 1 SITE MODEL

SITE MODEL Site model is made of plaster. Unfortunately in process of making the plaster run out twice, because of that the site model worked out very rough. Afterwards itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s colour with white paint to improve the smoothness of model. In the middle of the model the 3d model is located. After this model is possibly to see how the residential building sits inside the site, as it works out with other building height. The 3D model turned out to be very expensive piece, in order to create the whole site, it was not possible to create the whole site model from plaster, and it was chosen to do it from plaster, as the plaster was the closes looking like material to plastic that 3D model is made of.

LANDSCAPE MODEL FROM BIRD VIEW

GREEN SPACE

There is landscape logic behind how the building sits between other buildings. The building (1) is the largest of them all, then the residential block that is between is second largest (2) and then the (3) building is slightly smaller then the (2). It all creates sort of stair level of change between them. Both (1) and building (3) is located focusing its facade on the main street, but our residential block is located slightly inside the park with angel turning the corner on the street way. What it creates is the green space surrounding the build as well as it gives more greater focus and importance to the building and lets the extraordinary facade to be displayed. It becomes also the central part of the 1 and 3 and building that is located in east of residential block. As the flats are large and each flat have at least 2 terraces it gives great views from all the sides for each flat owner, as there are not building pressure next to residential block.

BRIEF 1 SITE MODEL

SITE MODEL To improve the understanding and quality of the work, the new site model was created. It better represents the street and the building quality is higher. The sides doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t look melted anymore, and has a nice cut. The problems with this model possibly are, that is harder to understand the road relationship with the site, and the 3D model doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t sit perfectly in the site. Also one of the buildings by its side was supposed to be taller then the 3d model, to creat stair element.

THE LANDSCAPE MODEL FROM TOP

BRIEF 1 1:33 FLOOR MODEL

1:33 FLOOR MODEL This is habitation model done on 1:33 showing 3 dwelling units on floor 1. Each of the floor comprises 3 large dwellings, each of them are different size. Together there are 33 dwellings inside the building. Flats are separated from each other with larger thickness of walls, but they are not load bearing. Looking at floor plan, it sort of comes out with this strong relationship with maze, so in order to understand better each of the flats, each one of them is in different colour, creating a map for the plan. As because model is very larnge and complicated only one flat was symbolically furnished and floor layers were applied. Its important to say, the bathroom, living space and terrace floor layers are different.

CREATING THE MODEL Exterior walls were created from 4 different materials. The exterior wall was done from thin card to show concrete slab elements. Each wall have 4 piece of card columns to give the wide thickness to the walls, Interior thick wall is another different card material, to show the difference from exterior. The coloured paper is for representing the flats. Interior walls are less thicker and done from 1 thick card and colour paper for same reasons. Under the walls you can see shown concrete edge structure from pre-cast concrete. The doors and windows are done with lazier cutting to save the time, and better reflect the original material. The floor paper shows the difference of materials used for rooms. The whole model sits on columns, presenting original structure that whole building is based on. Green Flat 3 rooms with bathroom and have one large terrace facing south. Blue Flat 6 rooms with bathroom and large storage it also have one large terrace and another doors connected with public terrace. It also have 2 small lobby rooms. Yellow 6 rooms with 2 bathrooms possibilities for storage and together with 3 balconies - medium and large size. It is also the largest of the all flats. The terraces When you look at the plan, it looks like some of the rooms are wrapping around the terraces, it seem to be like another separated room, just located outside. The balcony floor presents stone tiles and handlers are done with wood sticks. For example flat yellow have opportunity to have balconies in each side of building, that gives great views, as the way building sits inside the site. located away from other buildings. 38

MODEL FROM 45 DEGREE ANGLE

INHABITATION AND FURNITURE Its hard to relay on what was the original furniture that was created for this flat as information is unknown, but reflecting the fact that Architect is also known for his furniture design, its possible he designed the furniture for him self. The furniture that is used for this model, the design is taken from one of his companies catalogues and the furniture pieces are created after that. Most of original material is timber/wood, the style is very modern simple, could describe something as Le Corbusier work. One of the wardrobes is actually called after his name. It tries to create this simple modern atmosphere inside the flats. When it comes to colours there is use of large amount of black metal light wood and orange in separate places.

REFERENCES:

BRIEF 1 CRIT RESULTS

FEEDBACK Martins (Monza apartment tower) You should emphasis the ʻcustomisableʼ aspect of this project more and its flexibility, show in the portfolio what are structural elements and flexible partitions. The background of the Mangiarotti includes working with architects in the USA such as Gropius and Waschmann - both very interested in modular construction. It would perhaps have been good to show the construction more in your model - or show an apartment without walls just the structure. Lifting it up legs works well - it has an interesting section with the ground floor ʻdug downʼ into the ground to leave the first floor half a level off the garden around. Find a way to show this garden, with site model or with an extra site plan for the portfolio. Strange hive-like plan. The flats are big and complex - suggests wealthy inhabitants or large families. How do you critique this? The kind of inhabitation is not really visible in your furnishing although there are some designed fitted elements. The drawing does not live up to the promise of the early render, it should be one-point perspective like this element. Consider how to crop the drawing. The regularity of the module makes a complex and irregular plan, this is quite a contradiction. The flexible column and irregular staggered facade perimeter also create many opportunities for different views/aspects and outside spaces. Show inhabitation on the outside spaces too. The 1:500 printed model is very good, unfortunately the cast model around it is not as precise -can this be re-made. The urban context and its twisting away from it explains the stepped plan form, it is almost like it is ʻpixellatedʼ to fit into the context

DATE 17.11.2014 - 22.11.2014

SWEDEN

INUTARY PARLIAMENTARY CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY. AREA 449,964 KM2 (57TH) POPULATION 9 716 962 DENSITY

21.5/KM2

STUDIO TRIP STOCKHOLM (SWEDEN)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Its country in northern Europe, its the third-largest and has one of lowest population densities of 21 inhabitant per square kilometre in European union. It has been always inhabited by Germanic people and well known for emerging in history as sea people known as well as Vikings. Today its constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary democracy. Monarch is the head of the state. Stockholm is the largest and most populated town in Sweden.

CLIMATE Most of the country has temperate climate and four distinct seasons and very mild temperatures throughout the year. Southernmost part- Oceanic climate Central part- Humid Climate Northernmost- Subarctic climate. It is mostly although much warmer then similar places, mostly thanks to the Gulf stream. Also faces greatly varies of daylight length. Summer times its around 18 hours and in winter around 6 hours of sun light. Because of hight pressure system in climate, Sweden can face high temperature in summer and far behind from freezing in winter

GEOGRAPHY

REFERENCES: INFO: http://www.visitstockholm.com/ IMAGES 1.www.papastravel.com 2. commons.wikimedia.org 3. www.mapsofworld.com

69% of the country is heavily forested. In same time only 8% of farmland. The highest point in Sweden is Kebnekaise 2.111 m and lowes below sea level is 7.91 FT near kristianstad. Archipelago Extended from Stockholm about 60 kilometres to the east. Seperated group of islands you can find north, near the town of Oregrund. In stockholm archipelago you can find around 30 000 islands. Together sweden has around 221 800, but you cant be sure. .

1. STOCKHOLM ARCHIPELAGO

2. STOCHOLM ARCHIPELAGO

3. MAP OF SWEDEN

SWEDEN

INUTARY PARLIAMENTARY CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY.

STUDIO TRIP ARCHITECTURE OF SWEDEN

AREA 449,964 KM2 (57TH) POPULATION 9 716 962 DENSITY 21.5/KM2

REFERENCES: INFO: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_Sweden

HISTORY AND PROGRESS

In sweden the middle ages lasted for around 500 years. At first most of the buildings were constructed from timber. Then around 12th century they started to use stone, and became the most used material, especially for Romanesque Monasteries and churches. For an example the Sigtuna monastery. From all 4000 churches only few survived from 1500. The stocholm street layout is Medieval. In about 17th century they got a break and start founding new cities and large amount of housing. In 19th century the industrialisation of sweden began. That lead to new construction activities: Public buildings, as hospitals, prisons, schools, hotels and etc. Buildings got distinguished by eclectic historicms. Swedish national Museum of fine arts was designed in renaissance style, but in same time numberouse churches were designed in neo-renaissance style. Others showed strong national romantic and jugendstil. Later on in end of 19th century and the start of 25h century, new generation of architects showed up, that decide to leard the general design away from historicism and classicim. But by combining the styles they came to result - National romantic style. That ideas were taken also from English arts and crafts movement. In end of the day result offten was brick and wood buildings. One of those examples is Stockholm city hall, designed by Ragnar Osterg. Around 1910s - 1920s was time for something else, internationally called as swedish grace. It was created by group of architects that took up stark form of neo-classicism. It was time for modern architecture in Sweden. In 1930 when Stockhol exhibition for industry, arts and crafts were happening, it helped for functionalism to break out. This was dominant ideology for housings. Despide that, housing standards in Sweden were low. Later on building projects were undertaken to satisfy the housing shortage and improve these low standarts. Eventually in 1965 Government announced the million programme- Million new dwellings within ten years. The whole suburbs were built within a very short time. Often quality was in secondary place for these sort of large projects.

ARCHITECT

GUNNAR ASPLUND, SIGUR LEWERENTZ (1915 - 40)

ARCHITECTS

GUNNAR ASPLUND, SIGUR LEWERENTZ

(SKOGSKYRKOGARDEN) BUILD GUNNAR ASPLUND, SIGUR LEWERENTZ

REFERENCES: IMAGE: 1. https://architecouture.wordpress.com/tag/sigurd-lewerentz/ 2. http://marcianovaes.com.br/v2/2014/11/paisagismo-bancos-bancos-bancos/

STUDIO TRIP WOODLAND CEMETARY

Back in 1915 the winner of competition proposal was more of a just of Nordic landscape, with a small clearing and pine forest. With a leaning cross as a focal point. Now this cemetery is well known widely in Sweden architecture. Through the classical landscape a long approach paths leads to biblical references and open field with hilltop grove of trees for meditation. Two great architects working side to side with master-plan took turns designing its small chapels that’s located around the site. Gunnar Asplund Woodland chapel reminds a cottage between trees in woods, with a shake-clad roof Bourne by Doric columns. It sits perfectly between trees and reminds a mushroom in woods. You can not see the interior from outside, making it feel locked out from outside world and bringing the atmosphere and holly feelings. “Today me, tomorrow you”. After coming down from hilltop grove, you can see far in distance Greek columns that belongs to Lewerentz Chapel of Resurrection. By walking on this road surrounded by trees and graveyards you cant loose the sight of Greek columns in distance, that becomes a slender and stricity-formed building with an entrance portico barely detached from the main volume. Its connected Ancient Greek architecture with potential Swedish modernism. Looking closer trough the columns it gives you the feeling as the columns are part of the wood. Not as much as Sigurs woodland chapel you cant see interior from outside, except the key hole. Sigur crematorium and Chapel of the Holy cross unite the abstract volumes of the smaller Chapels with a classical colonnade that supports by the eye wood rafter with beams, but actually elegance concrete shell roof. The water leads away from the statue as the ground is not straight. The chapel interior is natural shape, curved forms. The entry to the chapel from right side is small and narrow, but the exit of it is large gates. Exiting the chapel on top you will find stone material canopies protecting from rain.

1. WOODLAND CEMETERY HILL

2. CHAIR LOCATED INSIDE THE CEMETERY

DATE 18.11.2014 - 22.11.2014

ARCHITECTS

JOHAN CELSING (2008 - 2011)

(SON OF PETER CELSING, HE GREW UP WITH ARCHITECTURE. RECOGNIZED AND EARNED MANY ACCOLADES IN HIS THRIVING CARRER.

REFERENCES: INFO Small mook reff..

STUDIO TRIP ARSTA CHURCH

In Arsta the church foundation began in 1945 when the campaign was created for need of a church. Fundraising began and belfry was erected in 1952. Later on the Parochial centre was completed in 1969 by Goran Dahlstrand and year later they gave a spot of room for Arsta Chapel. Much later in 2008 decision was made to build Arsta Church with Johan Celsing as an architect. The architect found this tas as a real challenge, as it encompasses the whole history of architecture, that makes this task inspiring. The whole history is full of churches in architecture, but how to make something with so much traditions, but feel of modern. One of things he liked about the building were the different faces of inside and outside. He said that he is “attracted by the proposition of designing buildings which are relatively soft-spoken on the outside. In this way, I believe, the possibility is created of a kind of discovery and surprise, thanks to the interiors instead being all the more expressive.” Like a person to know from inside and out. Idea was taken to Arsta church with darker, sterner exterior but bright and open interior. He liked the idea of having each component, shape or object more then just one function. “ For example, I opted for free-standing pews, not chairs, partly because I think that sitting in pews gives an opportunity of nearness to others which we might otherwise flight shy of, and also because free-standing pews make it easier to furnish the place according to need, without getting into the kind of muddle you do with chairs.”

Ceilings have two functions for appearances and acoustics, the material its made is concrete. Each wall have around 100,00 bricks and each brick is handmade. The outside bricks are brown ones, but inside ones are whitewashed and the lower ones are white-vitrified. The small holes you can find in walls are for same reason as ceilings. The material that used for brickwork is Danish brick. Flooring is brick too, and it extends outside of west door. Interior architecture is been kept quite simple. to not take attention away from concerts or the service inside the church. The rooms have sort of flexibility as Pew are movable and also stackable. Most of the interior furniture is design by Johan Celsing specifically for the church. The large window gives beautiful view to the blue sky and gives the place the feeling of being closer to god.

THE VIEW FROM OUTSIDE

THE CURNER OF CHURCH

DETAIL OF THE BRICKS

DATE 18.11.2014 - 22.11.2014

STUDIO TRIP ST MARKâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S CHURCH

Its located in a suburb of Stockholm. The set of buildings is amongst a grove of bitch trees with little connection to the surrounding suburbs. West side structure is located closer to main road, but still is located in tree landscape. Two buildings forms a courtyard between them, where the pool is located. The entrance of the church is located at courtyard, marked by a wooden portico. This portico is detached from brick structure. To emphasize the difference. The brickwork in the building stands separately. The church of itself has again, tall, enough wide windows, staying in same level as exterior wall, the show the large depth of the buildings wall, and brings natural light to inside, as perfect view from inside to outside. The church interior is separated in two levels, the main hall and the extra side on left, that is greatly smaller size, but shows the same design styles and intentions.

REFERENCES: IMAGE 1. www.mimoa.eu

INSIDE OF THE CHURCH

1. THE VIEW FROM OUTSIDE

CANOPIES NEXT TO CHURCH

DATE 18.11.2014 - 22.11.2014

STUDIO TRIP GRONDAL HOUSING

ARCHITECTS

BACKSTROM AND REINIUS 1946 - 52 (SON OF PETER CELSING, HE GREW UP WITH ARCHITECTURE. RECOGNIZED AND EARNED MANY ACCOLADES IN HIS THRIVING CARRER.

REFERENCES:

IMAGE 1. https://40.media.tumblr.com

Sweden first star shaped housing estate, suburb of Stockholm. The design felt it would be more suitable for hilly terrain landscape. The gardens of the terraced houses for the shape of a hexagon. These buildings been recently renovated. So far although considering sustainability, there has not been much of measures done related with gardens. These gardens have already lose features of typical of the 1940s art of gardening. The tree number have drooped, but also other features have been lost.

1. BACKSTRÖM REINIUS

STUDIO TRIP SKOGSKYRKOGARDEN

ARCHITECT JOHAN CELSING

GENERAL INFORMATION Its new crematorium at the Woodland Cemetery building early 2010s, Stockholm. It replaced the old one, that was integral part of Gunnar Asplund Begravning Kapell and Krematorien Lagging woodland crematorium which was build in end of the 1930s. Skogskyrkogarden crematorium foundations were cast on December 20, 2011. Its been nominated for award of the building of the year in Stockholm 2014.

BACKGROUND The existing facility was decommissioned, that was designed by Gunnar Asplund. It could not cope with today’s requirements. As there was over then 300, coffins there was a need for new crematorium. Woodland cemetery with its buildings is in UNESCO world heritage, that created for it particularly high aesthetic demands on the new facility.

ARCHITECTURE COMPETITION in 26 of October 2009. The Stockholm city cemetery board invited for architectural competition. In competition attended five architectural firms and landscape architects. The winning design was presented on 18 December. The first prize went to John Celsing along with Muller Illien landschaftsarchitekten from Switzerland. Their motto was “A stone in the forest”

ABOUT THE DESIGN New placement of the crematorium was in a grove about 200 meters east of the existing facility. It was chosen to take care of remaining forest vegetation forms a protective shield around the future of the building. It provide entirely above ground and provides natural light to all workplaces. The plan of the building is functional with short distances to all functions. The building is designed for families who wish to attend to cremation. The facade and roofs are tiled with bricks and sloping roof interacts with the terrains. The building have abstract shape, it doesn’t let you to understand what is the purpose of the building from outside. The one storey height building roof is possible to see from different view point around the building. It seem to perfectly fit inside the landscape. It has large window and door openings, giving modern feelings to it, and letting light to come inside, but they are not many, large parts of walls stays completely closed. The entry part it has interesting roof sort of structure in front of entry doors, with holding on white concrete column, It brings light to the entry between the extra roof part and the actually house.

THE ENTRY DOORS TO CEMETERY

CEMETERY FRONT

BACK OF CEMETERY

THE SITE NACKA

14000 APARTMENTS 10000 WORKPLACES

Inner city master-plan in Stockholm with a new Metro line to central Nacka. Area will become natural intersection for trade and transport links. It will characterized by attractive locations and thoroughfares with different type of residential building, commercial, schools, sport facilities, etc. The place comprises around 38 lakes, 20 islands and 100km2. 17th century wealthy families started building their summer houses in this area, some of them still exists in our time. Some of them became parks or museums, for public access. Later on large industrial expansions were underway to this spot. In 1940 still the single family buildings were dominating, but already from 1950 block flat numbers increased incredibly, taking the lead in this area. Now there been master plans layer out already from 2001 and developers are working all around the area. Nacka right now have around 80000 citizens and it increases by thousand yearly. Most factories from industrial times, getting replaced by flats or offices. Nacka also have around 27000 workplaces that only around 2.500 are in manufacturing industry.

REFERENCES:

IMAGE 1. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nacka_ Strand_2.jpg

DATE 18.11.2014 - 22.11.2014

ARCHITECTS

GERT WINGÅRD (BORN 1951)

STUDIED IN GOTHENBURG UNIVERSITY AND CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY - ECONOMICS, ART HISTORY AND ARCHITECTURE ( 1970S) AFTER WORKING FOR ARCHITECTURAL FIRM HE SET UP HIS OWN OFFICE IN 1977. HE HAD FEW ASSIGNMENTS IN UNITED STATES AND GERMANY BUST MOSTLY IN SWEDEN. 2007 WON A MAJOR INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION FOR LARGE SHOPPING CENTRE IN MALMO. HE HAS BEEN CONSIDERED AS THE MOST RENOWNED LIVING SWEDISH ARCHITECT. ARCHITECTURE STYLE STARTED 1980S AS POSTMODERNIST. HE IS KNOWN FOR PICKING UP NEW TRENDS IN ARCHITECTURE QUICKLY AND INTERPRET WITH HIS OWN MIND OF DEISNG LANGUAGE. HIS DESIGNS DOSNT STUBBORNLY FOCUSE ON DESIGN REGULATIONS. FOCUSING AS WELL AS TO HIGH TECH EXPERTISE. HE LOVES TO KEEP THE ENTRANCE OF BUILDING AND THEN HEIGHTEN THE SEND OF SPACE TO MAKE DRAMATIC ENTRANCE AND SUPRISE PEOPLE.

REFERENCES: INFORMATION Utvärdering av Kvarnholmens silotorn inför ombyggnad till flerbostadshus by Linda Bengtsson, TRITA-BKN. Examensarbete 299, Betongbyggnad 2010 IMAGE www.jm.se

THE SITE KVARNHOLMEN

GENERAL INFORMATION Kvarnholmen is a peninsula located in the east side of Stockholm. Soon it will be transformed into a large housing area. So far nearly whole decade the site has been place for swedes most successful producers of grain; kooperativa forbundet. Most of the Mill tre kronor buildings after closure in 1992 are used for premises for businesses and schools. Kvarnholmen utveckling AB, KUAB is the owner of the most properties and are interested in next decade to transform most of the buildings for residential use and build few more.

HISTORY

The firsty functionalist houses and Sweden first terraced area were built here. It was originally called Hastholmen and it was tavern at the beginning of the 18th century. Later wealthier families from Stockholm started building a summer home on the islands eastern side. Thanks to beautiful view and being close to Stockholm it was perfect location over whole century for attractive variety of activities. In 1920s Cooperative association started an investment in the industrial food production and the area began to flourish. That was a new era for food industry, that characterized the whole of Sweden. From Kvarnholmen they got they best quality crusts, pasta and flour for most of the 1900s. The KF company and its own architecture office, built along the industrial building, a model community: functional homes for their employees, stores and villas for their managers. For affective product transport KF build a bridge over the horse holmes strait. Unfortunately 1985 the upper bridge walkway was demolished. The close down in 1992 KF continued for many decade to build, automate and streamline production. But already in 1980s began to lose viability. WHne 1992 KF choose to close down completely. Several old buildings continued to be used for various activities, rehearsal rooms, tv studio, warehouses, artist studios and schools. Now new life in Kvarnholmen is proposed, new planning process begum, to bring it from its slum to a new shape. In 2002 new program was proposed, which covers a large area developed in stages. Plan includes 2500 new homes and a number of retail, dinning and entertainment spaces until 2025. Company responsible for this development is JM. Kvarnholmen will become again a vibrant neighbourhood with new homes and jobs in a strong historical environment.

SKETCH OF THE PROPOSED STAIRCASE WITH ELEVATOR

THE SITE 6 PARTS OF MASTERPLAN

GENERAL INFORMATION All the master plan of the Kvarnholmen was split up in 6 stages, focusing on different parts of the island. Each one of them will be finished in different time and they all are applied as different design programs. Each one of them will have different sort of relationship with the landscape and surrounding

PART 1 SHOWS PART 1 PROPOSED BUILDINGS

The heart and face of Kvarnholmen is the North quay where the first part of project will happen. The place have high historical value. It has many industrial historical buildings, and it will be build gently for new homes and businesses. The new buildings here will bring something new but without taking over the domination of the facade. The front part will be expended with public space, drive face, parking and pathways by the. Builders have taken it to themselves to restore and transform the historical buildings - hamnmagasinet, Qvarnen three crowns, Old harbour Office and Silo 3 new apartments. First phase came final around 2009.

REFERENCES: INFORMATION: http://www.kvarnholmen.com/projektfakta/bostader/ etapp1-norra-kajen-240-bostader/ IMAGE: http://www.kvarnholmen.com/lokaler/marketenteriet/

THE VIEW FROM BOAT

PART 2 Stage 2 focuses on central part of the Kvarnholmen, and as well as part of northern dock. The space will have greenery for natural meeting places for the island. This is the place also where islands old cooker bread factory is located. Also new Narcentrum on 5500 sqm is taking part of this space. This central part is expected to be opened around 2016. Just on time for Christmas. The upper and lower levels are connected by vertical elevator, footbridge and stairs. Also the quay will extend for chance to be approached by boats. Permanent jetty has also been added. One of proposed buildings are V Magazine- it will be flexible event building for exhibitions, conferences, concerts and TV recordings.

340 APARTMENTS 6.500 SQM PREMISES

INDICATED THE PROPOSED BUILDINGS FOR PART 2

VISUAL FROM PART 1 AND 2

PART 3 Remaining eastern area comprises Shiloh Square, managerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s house and natural lands. There is also scheduled to have public footpaths and cycle routes. Planning to build elementary school for 700 students (grade 1-9) Location will be in old Makaroni Fabriken, thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s been build in 1934, there will be extension to is as a newer building. The school will open earliest in 2016. The monumental silos, previously regarded as a sign of Artur buildings Kvarnholmen, have been unfortunately demolished, because of poor condition. The construction area will be replaced with new building, but shape and dimensions will remind a silo complex. It will have strong lighting elements for remaining eastern part. Artur buildings will be demolished because of their poor condition. There will be replaced buildings, in similar shape and dimension to remind the complex.

THE VIEW FROM BOAT

220 APARTMENTS

INDICATED THE PROPOSED BUILDINGS FOR PART 3

1. THE PIPE THAT USE TO RUN TROUGH SOUTH SITE

THE SITE 6 PARTS OF MASTERPLAN

700 APARTMENTS 3,000 SQM PREMISES

INDICATED THE BUILDINGS FOR STAGE 4

REFERENCES: INFORMATION: http://www.kvarnholmen.com/projektfakta/bostader/ etapp1-norra-kajen-240-bostader/ IMAGE: http://www.kvarnholmen.com/lokaler/marketenteriet/

PART 4 Stage 4 is the location of sheltered south facing. This space have around 700 apartments, walking paths and green spaces. It creates pleasant marine rooms. It will have many independent tower blocks and light harness. As of reasons of hilly terrain, it will be possible to provide most home water contact and great long views around the surroundings. The existing pipeline system that was running through the site, on mountains slope will be made into walking path. As the resident there will be opportunities for own mooring and having constantly archipelago around the site. The site will be finished around 2016 - 2017

PART 5 The area knowns as plateau on Kvarnholmen height. This building are located on northwest dock and have a chance to overlooking the Stockholm and Djurgarden. They will keep the existing buildings and connect with new apartment blocks. Also having a chance for a beautiful view to south of the island and chance to see the whole island from top levels. Next to the detailed development planned housing will have nursery with eight departments, that will be opening from 2020

540 NEW APARTMENTS 120 EXISTING 1500 SQM PREMISES

INDICATED BUILDINGS IN PART 5

THE VISUAL OF PART 6

PART 6 Comprising 600 apartments and 2000 square meter premises. Occupancy earliest 2023 Stage 6 - Feasibility study in progress. Not confirmed yet

INDICATED BUILDINGS IN PART 6

IMAGE http://www.jm.se/globalassets/jmse/bostader/stockholm/nacka/kvarnholmen/bilder/kvarnholmen-morgon-cykelvag-4992-1960x1140.jpg?preset=project-all-images

THE SITE KVARNHOLMEN

TRANSPORT Right now to Kvarnholmen there are two access of ways, by sea or by east side road, in future is proposed and already in middle way of construction another bridge in west side this new elevated bridge over svindersvik will be build for public transportation and cars. Bringing completely new possibilities for the area and access. There is a high important of the transport to Kvarnholmen, it you change the whole system, as its located by Stockholm sea approach. Its located by Bay Saltsjon, that offers a fabulous environment, right in entry of the Stockholm. On the island there is proposed to make new roads, also with bicycle roads and walking access for those who live on island.

REFERENCES: INFORMATION: VĂ&#x201E;G PĂ&#x2026; KVARNHOLMEN ( PDF presentation) Uknown author or year

CAR ROADS PATH WAYS

PLAN INDICATES ALL THE ROADS INSIDE THE SITE

BRIDGE PERSPECTIVE CUT OF STRUCTURE

THE SITE KVARNHOLMEN

TRANSPORT The tunnel was created in eastern side for purpose of bridge. Despite major investment in infrastructure, the project is being run by the municipality. First digging was done on 2013 and its anticipated that bridge will open traffic on it around 2015. That will connect Kvarnholmen with growing Nacka area. Construction of bridge, is done by architects and close collaboration with civil engines, the influence is taken from Environment. It has elegant form technological as well as aesthetically. It will create new transport connection with Nacka, and bring more business to the Island. Now the Island will have connection from both sides.

REFERENCES: INFORMATION/IMAGES VÄG PÅ KVARNHOLMEN ( PDF presentation) Uknown author or year: http://www.nacka.se/underwebbar/kvarnholmen/Documents/gestaltningsprogram_11_28.pdf

NEW ROAD CONNECTING TO ISLAND

ELEVATION OF THE BRIDGE

THE SITE KVARNHOLMEN

PARKS There will be new landscaped park, along the beach to the east of the pier, will become a green supplement as public space. The most important aspect of the part is flat open field. Kvarnholmen topography provides few open flat surfaces for play, while the park location along the walkway next to water edge will become local people fluorite spot with beautiful view, to sea side and large number of boats passing bay. The place is exposed to the wind, but with big possibilities for evening sunsets. The park will be designed for play, stay, spontaneous sports and school activities. And the footpath and cycle route will go through the park, that continues around the whole Kvarnholmen. The part main unifying element is gently undulating grassy area that allows for picnics free games and more. The shoreline The rocky shoreline is in need of renovation and should fixed for more alignment with the parks soft design language. It will be invited space for small park buildings for store options to kids and families, same as functions for such as a canoe club and scout cabin.

REFERENCES:

INFORMATION/IMAGES : kKVARNHOLME HÄSTHOLMSSUNDET ÖSTRA GÄDDVIKEN PROGRAM PLANENHETEN MAJ 2005 KFKS 141/ 2002 214 PROJEKT 9151 FÖR DETALJPLANER LINK: HTTP://INFOBANK.NACKA.SE/EXT/BO_BYGGA/ STADSBYGGNADSPROJEKT/9153_KVARNHOLMEN_ NORRAKAJEN/3_PROGRAM/3.2_ANTAGANDE/PROGRAM_GODKANT.PDF

THE BIRD VIEW

THE SITE KVARNHOLMEN

GEOLOGY The whole island can describe as one big rock, everywhere you will go, you will see rocks laying out of the grass. Most of this consists of gneissic granite, that has some elements of younger granite. The ground Alsoconsists of loose soil layers of moraine with elements of swelling clay. The thickness of moraine rarely exceed 0.5m. Kvarnholmen has traces of last ice age, you can tell them after striations in north-south direction and some of potholes. Potholes are created by action of stones carried by water. Some of most beautiful potholes got destroyed because of oil tanks were found there. Contamination soil is presented in eastern and southern sides. The soil closest to oil tanks are contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons. For creating an residental master plan, it brings a lot of challenges to make the space avaiable, as the rock is everywhere, there is large need of dinamite. But it does creat beautiful landscape views, with the green areas growing around it.

DIFFERENT VIEW TO ROCKY LANDSCAPE IN KVARNHOLMEN

THE SITE KVARNHOLMEN

CLIMATE The place has very humid continental climate, with hard winter. The summer is very warm, but also very rainy, that keeps the place on low dry level. The annual temperature is 6.6C. The winter temperature goes under minuses, can reach even -20 degree. Over summer, the temperature stays over 20C. But autumn and spring the average temperature is around 12.5C. The annual precipitation average is around 549 MM. The most sun reaches south, and northern side has the most shadow. The entire site has large problems with strong wind field. Mostly Northeasterly wind. It could have risk of flooding in climate change. After the data from 2010, its possible that there is sea level increase from 1.9 M + 2.5 M

REFERENCES: INFORMATION/IMAGE: http://infobank.nacka.se/ext/Bo_Bygga/ stadsbyggnadsprojekt/9153_kvarnholmen_norrakajen/3_program/3.2_antagande/program_godkant.pdf

THE SITE KVARNHOLMEN

CITYSCAPE ANALYSIS Kvarnholmen is strongly influenced by its dramatic surroundings. The mountain, water and distinctive island vegetation along with powerful industrial buildings. The buildings on Kvarnholmen clearly divides into areas. One of areas is much more specific then other the one with valuable industrial buildings. It gives you uniform direction, giving rise to linear building structures with a long sight lines from the east to the west. Overall plan and design concept. The master-plan is to develop the structure that was established during KF times. The new proposal is planned to connect the public space into cohesive residential environment.

REFERENCES: INFORMATION: kKVARNHOLME HÄSTHOLMSSUNDET ÖSTRA GÄDDVIKEN PROGRAM PLANENHETEN MAJ 2005 KFKS 141/ 2002 214 PROJEKT 9151 FÖR DETALJPLANER

ILLUSTRATION ON THE WALL ABOUT THE ISLAND

THE SITE KVARNHOLMEN

THE PEOPLEâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S HOMES The social-democrat leader Per Albin Hansson first spoke about it in the 1920s and as prime minister begin to build it in 1930s and was completed after 1945 in the new form as Swedish welfare state. Housing needs were very critical, before that country was experiencing migration from the land. Larger and smaller towns were growing rapidly in population. After 1944 the labour movement started later one it was starting point for new social planning investigating housing question. Even if the large amount of buildings were build it was necessary for even more. In 1947 new housing policy was established. That have to make sure that whole population should have furnished with good hygienic housing, for worker income. National loans were made available. To make sure loans were spend for building making, loans were made subject to norms and regulations that over the years, have been decisive for new housing in Sweden with high average standards becoming among the highest in the world. Along side the establishment of building norms, the layout of buildings were developed trough experimental apartments. For example moving walls, hybrid building etc. The individual tenants dedicated to use the space. Unline the UK, there are no income restrictions to be granted an apartment. More than 3 of 9.5 million swedes lives in rental housing. Most of them includes heating and hot water.

It was an ambitious project in 1965 created by the Swedish Government. As you can tell after the name, proposal was to build million new homes for public, affordable for the most. This plan was introduced after major population increase all over Sweden, same as internal migration. Idea was to not create high towered buildings, considering environment of Sweden. And in fact the majority of the million program buildings were three or less floors. Typical was to have three room apartments, planned for family with two adults and 2 children. Another important aspect was to build houses close for family needs, like public transport, schools, church, nursery, public space, library, etc.

SHOWING THE PLAN OF RESIDENTIAL BLOCKS

THE SITE KVARNHOLMEN

GEOLOGY The bedrock area consists largely of Gneissic granite with some elements of younger granite. As most of places in Nacka, Kvarnholmen area is composed of rocky ground. Moraine thickness rarely exceed 0.5m. In addition to this, there are larger parts with aggregate and elements of garden soil within the landscape of the islet. Kvarnholmen carries traces of last ice age in the form of stations and also potholes. Potholes arose by abrasive action of stones carried by water currents that moved against the main current of the stream. Long time ago you could find her most accessible potholes, but they were destroyed after oil tanks were founded there. There are still additional potholes left that are hidden by the moraine. Debrisland are often temporary environments. They disappear when the land use changes. In Nack is possible to find most interesting and worth protecting vegetation with native plants. Common species to save includes field wormwood, allium oleraceum, calamagrostis epigejos, bloody cranesbill, jasione montana, silene viscaria, pour speedwell and feral scedosporium. East side you can find beautiful pine forest. Fat out in south east you can find knotty old oak trees. The most interesting flora is found below the plateau and on the eastern and especially southeastern cape. In harsh environment like this all the trees have value and its very difficult to establish higher vegetation. Some parts of island is full with rocky landscape, but some others full with pines, oaks and other deciduous trees.

EXOTIC PLANTS REFERENCES: INFORMATION:/IMAGES kKVARNHOLME HÄSTHOLMSSUNDET ÖSTRA GÄDDVIKEN PROGRAM PLANENHETEN MAJ 2005 KFKS 141/ 2002 214 PROJEKT 9151 FÖR DETALJPLANER LINK: http://infobank.nacka.se/ext/Bo_Bygga/stadsbyggnadsprojekt/9153_kvarnholmen_norrakajen/3_program/3.2_antagande/program_godkant.pdf

On west side of island you can find largevariety of rare species that would not normally be found. Large quantity of waste from the Millwhich was tipped in to the hill towards that has given rise to a unique flora. Large number of exotic special have been studied by botanists and even one can see rarespecies, including stonecrop, faltmalort, strimsporre, toadflax, and hybrids of these species in the slope.

VEGETATION PLAN

THE VIEW TO ONLY ENTRY POINT TO THE ISLAND

THE SITE KVARNHOLMEN

LANDSCAPE Kvarnholmen is strongly influenced by the dramatic natural landscape, its fault and andits steep ravines. The mountain, the water and the character for island vegetation, along with monumental industrial buildings, forms the language on its own for the Island. Same characteristics will demonstrate it also in future. Both southern and northern sides have different characters. The north one is rugged and heavily influenced by the industrial buildings. Including large body of sea and heavy boat traffic. The south side face very narrow water space - Svindersvik. There the atmosphere is lighter and warmer. Its possible to see magnificent views towards virtually all directions. It opens long vision even to Stockholm. Development planing relation to landscape and nature. Most of existing natural ground will be saved and developed. There will be study made for shadow effect-on existing vegetation, as well as residential environment. Interesting part of the project is to make Kvarnholmen to become an actual island again. The place offers excellent opportunities for outdoor adventures. By improving accessibility, the existing network of footpaths strengthened and upgraded and the number ov Vintage points supplemented.

REFERENCES: INFORMATION/IMAGES kKVARNHOLME HÄSTHOLMSSUNDET ÖSTRA GÄDDVIKEN PROGRAM PLANENHETEN MAJ 2005 KFKS 141/ 2002 214 PROJEKT 9151 FÖR DETALJPLANER LINK:

http://infobank.nacka.se/ext/Bo_Bygga/ stadsbyggnadsprojekt/9153_kvarnholmen_norrakajen/3_program/3.2_antagande/program_godkant.pdf

CASE STUDY IBA - HYBRID HOUSES

ARCHITECT

HYBRID HOUSES Hybrid houses proposed the new creation in architecture, prototype for loving and working under one roof, and to do that we need to change demands into adaptable layouts. Today’s society faces undergoing major changes when it comes about organisation and working processes. That makes it necessary for adapting our buildings to this new life style. The workspace is moving closer to homes, especially with self employment rising fast. Both companies and workers are aiming for synergies by bringing their home and working lives closer to each other. Constantly changing living conditions demands for types of housings with residential design that have multi-purpose, that are easy to reduce or enlarge or been split in separate parts. Place that can offer temporary home or home for many family generations. Combining two modes working and living, could greatly increase buildings usability. Infrastructures and room plans can be reused many times. Hybrid houses act as a response for spaces that asks for changes.

Projects design principles are mixed usage flexibility coupled with sustainability. Buildings that are durable in terms of use, cost effectiveness and ecology. The project “Hybrid Houses” proposed flexible forms of living showing that it can also mean greater energy efficiency. It’s been necessary to develop the ideal space for forward-looking ways of working. It seeks to develop layouts for living and working, meeting the requirements of each type of use and encouraging in same time cooperative synergy within one building. It was important to think about lighting and sunlight, openness of space with protection of privacy, as well as to protect from noise in outside. REFERENCES: INFORMATION: http://www.iba-hamburg.de/en/projects/the-building-exhibition-within-the-building-exhibition/hybrid-houses/ projekt/hybrid-houses.html IMAGE: http://www.iba-hamburg.de/en/story/review/presentation-year-2013.html

IBA HAMBURG 2013. The project aimed to implement excellence criteria based on key themes of the IBA HAMBURG. *Buildings will respond to the changing needs of its users. *High energy standards are maintained across different types of use. *To adapt changing urban contexts and social needs.

THE VIEW TO HYBRID HOUSES

THE VIEW TO HYBRID HOUSING

CASE STUDY HAMBURG

GENERAL INFO Is the second largest city in Germany, and is the 8 largest city in europe union. Its population is almost 1.8 million, but in whole region around has around 5 million inhabitants. The port that is located next to it, The River Elbe, is the second largest port in europe. Rotterdam port is the largest port in Europe. The city is major transport HUB, and is one of most affluent cities in Europa and world. In last decade it has become media and industrial centre. Its been important financial centre for centuries, and it sits on second largest world bank, Berenberg Bank.

ARCHITECTURE The City has exciting contrast. Its full of patrician mansions of past centuries, in same time with post- modern glass and steel facade. Large rows of jugendstil building. Canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t forget about historic residential districts and Baroque churches and with large amount of individual structures, that all represent the city of Hamburg. The are focused for enjoying or overview of amazing height and style. 278 metre Heinrich Hertzturm is the highest structure in town and is for television broadcast. They own also other structures a bit lower to ground as, town halls building in renaissance style, that are more then 110 years old. Hamburg also have new districts that are modern hafencity, that continues to grow.

REFERENCES: INFORMATION http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamburg http://www.e-architect.co.uk/hamburg/hamburg-building http://www.hamburg-travel.com/attractions/culture-in-hamburg/architecture/ IMAGE: http://www.myphotodump.com/hamburg-germany-3600x2518/

THE STREETS OF HAMBURG

CASE STUDY HAMBURG

CITY IN PROCESS In Hamburg region lives around 4.3 million people. In recent 50 years, the town has faced lot of flood risks and climate changes. Something had to be done and whole city faced transformation. It started with many building exhibitions and urban developments. There were three key themes for changes to the city. 1. Cities climate changes. Manners that are climate neutral. Urban development by the water. Local sources of energy. 2. Cosmopolis Improve education, culture, knowledge. International urban community. Globalization of productive process 3. Metrozones Qualitive and safe urban neighbourhoods Urban compatibilities. REFERENCES: INFORMATION/IMAGE International Building Exhibition IBA Hamburg â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Building the City Anew ULI HELLWEG MANAGING DIRECTOR, IBA HAMBURG GMBH LINK: http://www.iba-hamburg.de/fileadmin/Pressemitteilungen/Basis_Presse/130315_IBA_Hamburg_Basic_Information.pdf

60 DIFFERENT PROJECTS AROUND THE AREA

CASE STUDY HAMBURG

FUTURE CONCEPT The future concept will be focusing on aspects like: * Refurbishing into new building standards * Excellent quality new buildings * Regenerative heating network * Renewable energy.

FUTURE CONCEPT *New dwellings: 1,100 units *Energy refurbishments: 449 units *Offices and services: 974,134 sq. ft/90,500 sq.m *Social infrastructure (multicultural facilities for senior citizens, children’s day care centre, sport facilities like a pool hall, basket ball hall) Open and green spaces: *Parks, opened-up port facilities : 176.68 acres/71.5 ha *International Garden Show: 247.11 acres/100 ha *New waterways: 1.68 miles/2.7 km

REFERENCES: INFORMATION/IMAGE International Building Exhibition IBA Hamburg – Building the City Anew ULI HELLWEG MANAGING DIRECTOR, IBA HAMBURG GMBH LINK: http://www.iba-hamburg.de/fileadmin/Pressemitteilungen/Basis_Presse/130315_IBA_Hamburg_Basic_Information.pdf 2012

EXPLANATION OF MASTER PLAN HOUSING LOCATION

ARCHITECTURE KLEFFEL PAPAY WARNCKE ARCHITECTS PARTNERSHIP, HAMBURG ACCORDING TO A DRAFT OF BRANDLHUBER + NIEHÜSERS ARCHITECTS, BERLIN BEGINNING OF CONSTRUCTION DECEMBER 2011 FINAL: MARCH 2013 INVESTOR DESIGNER HTP HYBRID HOUSE GMBH & CO KG, HAMBURG ( HAMBURG TEAM), BRANDHUBER + NIEHUSERS ARCHITEKTEN, BERLIN KLEFFEL PAPAY WARNCKE ARCHITEKTEN PARTNERSCHAFT, HAMBURG. TECHNICAL BUILDING SERVICES HB INGENIEURE, BRAUNLAGE SPECIALIST STATIC ENGINEERING AHW INGENIEURE, HAMBURG OTHER STAKEHOLDERS HAUBICH FREIRAUME, HAMBURG HAMBURG ENERGIE GMBH, HAMBURG

GENERAL BUILDING DATA PROJECT COSTS 5 MILLION EURO USE COMBINED RESIDENTIAL AND OFFICE UNITS PLOT SIZE 2.040 M2 GROSS FLOOR AREA 2.488 M2 NUMBERS OF FLOORS 4 NUMBERS OF ROOMS 16 SIZE OF UNITS 65 - 150 M2 ENERGY STANDARTS KFW-70 STANDARD (ENERGY CONSERVATION REGULATIONS, ENEV 2009) ENERGY SUPPLY WILHELMSBURG CENTRAL INTEGRATED ENERGY NETWORK CONSTRUCTION PERIOD 12/2011 BIS 03/2013

STRUCTURE FOUNDATION FERROCONCRETE FLOOR PRIMARY STRUCTURE REINFORCED CONCRTE SKELETON FRAME OUTER WALLS PLASTERED ETICS, VARNISHED ALUMINIUM FOR THE WINDOW SURROUNDS FLOOR AND CEILINGS WALLS REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION INTERIOR WALLS NON-LOAD-BEARING:LIGHTWEIGHT CONSTRUCTION.#

REFERENCES: INFORMATION/IMAGE: HYBRID HOUSE (PDF) Living and working in the Hybrid House Hamburg INTERNATIONAL BUILDING EXHIBITION IBA HAMBURG LINK: http://www.ensto.com/download/22866_hh_brochure_uk.pdf

CASE STUDY HYBRID HOUSE

GENERAL INFO In our days we expect from apartments more flexible, more confortable living, its become the time, when we need to combine things in same buidding, for the user. With this project the IBA Hamburg is expanding the principle of flexibility and a combination of utilisation surrounding the theme of sustainability. The requirement of hybrid house are: *Flexibility of utilisation in the building concept * Sustainability in the construction and material. *Low primary energy consumption in the building operation *Quality in the designing. The residents have options whether they want to work on lower level and live upstairs or workplace is on both levels just integrated into a living environment. The basic module combination allows for each maisonette to all four directions. Hybrid house contains 12 maisonette units. Innovative ground plans and intricate modules are the most interesting aspects of this building, not forgetting about different lighting conditions. Every unit inside the building has a view in all 4 directions. And it perfectly responses to people who have needs to work at home. Balconies and gardens provide a connection to the outdoors. The target was to aim to have 50 % of each living and working. The living areas mainly located in east-west and they are accessible via an internal staircase, in same time this units are completely possible to use as offices. Both buildings offers possibility on the first and third floor that can be knocked together with the neighbouring maisonettes. Bringing more flexibility for the users. To change the unit layouts, the works are necessary to be done are very limited. “Accommodating such eventualities is part of the sustainable overall concept of the building.”

SUSTAINABLE The building has a great concept of sustainability, as it owns the combination of flexible utilisation scenarios with high energy standards. The type of uses changed, but energy standards retained. The construction expenditure in the case of change of use is also low as it has already been provided for in the flexible utilisation concept. In the case of merging, reduction or conversion of the units, the time and costs are saved, but as well as material consumption is kept as low as possible. Conversion does not question entine building, but contrary.

Peter Jorzick said that: â&#x20AC;&#x153;our house is open for alterations in every respect: In relation to living and working, but also in relation to the size and partitioning of the units. We build spatial diversity for people who have recognised the benefits of Wilhelmsuburgâ&#x20AC;?

CASE STUDY HYBRID HOUSE

DIFFERENT DAYLIGHT CONDITIONS Basic principle behind the building was to have well designed trough type of plans. Total of 16 units and 12 maisonettes with 4 apartments within apartments. You can call it also “Granny Flats”, because they face all points inside the compass. That happens because of North-South and East-West oriented modules. Each unit offers view in all directions. As well balconies and gardens provides connection with the outside area. The upper levels have roof terrace that offers more potential views, not forgetting about neighbouring island park.

REFERENCES: INFORMATION/IMAGE: HYBRID HOUSES (PDF) Hybride Development Hybrid House igs centre December 2013 LINK:

http://www.ensto.com/download/22866_ hh_brochure_uk.pdf

100

DESIGNED LAMP

101

CASE STUDY HYBRID HOUSE

BUILDING SERVICES CONCEPT The building services concept usually is very crucial to the smooth operation for the hybrid concept. Its necessary to consider block for both purely residential and commercial properties. Services have to individually for each unit perform 100 per cent for both modes of use. *The core zones lets sanitary facilities to be arranged for users ways and needs. *The shafts are set up in the way that ground plans can be easy altered for own use. *Overcapacity The supply and disposal lines were the same as for â&#x20AC;&#x153;Hybrid Developmentâ&#x20AC;? set up in a way for worst case scenario. * Ventilation is set up after office needs. *Floor finishes have a load of 5kn/square metre. *The lift is intended for commercial use, but because of that its fine for residential use as well. *Outdoor facilities are aimed for requirements of both commercial users.

REFERENCES: INFORMATION/IMAGE: HYBRID HOUSES (PDF) Hybride Development Hybrid House igs centre December 2013 LINK:

http://www.ensto.com/download/22866_ hh_brochure_uk.pdf

102

THE DRAWING CREATED TO EXPLAIN THE FUNCTION OF HOUSING

103

EXTERIOR OF THE OPENING WINDOW, THAT HAS SAFETY BARRIER PROVIDED BY LAMINATED SAFETY GLASS UNITS.

SPECIFICATIONS

SCHUCO AWS 75. SI WINDOWS ADS 75.HI AND SCHUCO ADS 80 FR 30 DOORS SCHUCO AWS 57 RO TOP-HUNG ROOF VENT, AUTOMATED

CASE STUDY HYBRID HOUSE

SPECIAL FEATURES TRIPLE GLAZING LAMINATED SAFETY GLASS SOLAR SHADING GLAZING IN SOME AREAS INCREASED NOISE REDUCTION REQUIREMENTS SAFETY BARRIER AS A U-SHAPED ALUMINIUM PROFILE NARROW VERTICAL WINDOWS SHEET METAL FACADE

WINDOWS AND DOOR CONDITION The large window units are made of Schuco AWS 75.SI SYSTEM and are 2.50m high throughout. The width of the windows is even more 2.80m or 4.80 m depending of the facade installation location. It all can be operated electrically for ventilation purposes. It gives increased thermal insulation for the winter but in same time anti-glare protection and solar shading, were also addressed depending of the facade. The triple glazing integrates solar shading glass for some areas. They provide effective shade for balconies and areas of facade that are exposed to the sun.

SCHUCO Schuco creates sustainable building envelopes that focused on people and their needs. They have worldwide network connections with partners, architects, investors and specifiers. They manage to meet the highest demands for design, security and comfort, while successfully reducing CO2 emission. The company with its metal, PVC-U and new energies divisions delivers for new buildings and renovations. They company owns 5000 employees and around 12,000 partners companies. With a turnover of 1.8 billion euros in 2012. REFERENCES: Perfectly flexible – sustainably energy-efficient “Hybrid House”, Wilhelmsburg, Hamburg PRESS RELEASE - OCTOBER 2013 LINK: http://www.iba-hamburg.de/fileadmin/Mediathek/ M10_wilhelmsburgmitte/M11_bainderba/M111Hybrid/ Projectflyer_HybridHouse_en_121018.pdf

104

DETAIL OF WINDOW UNIT

DETAIL OF DOOR UNIT

105

SECTION OF THE DETAIL WITH ATTACHMENT DETAILS

REFERENCES:

Perfectly flexible – sustainably energy-efficient “Hybrid House”, Wilhelmsburg, Hamburg PRESS RELEASE - OCTOBER 2013 LINK: http://www.iba-hamburg.de/fileadmin/Mediathek/ M10_wilhelmsburgmitte/M11_bainderba/M111Hybrid/ Projectflyer_HybridHouse_en_121018.pdf

SECTION OF THE DETAIL OF A SKYLIGHT WITH ATTACHEMENT DETAIL

107

DIFFERENT BLOCKS FOR DAYLIGHT AND FLEXABILITY POSIBILITIES.

CASE STUDY HYBRID HOUSE

ARCHITECTURAL IMPLEMENTATION The building shell is divided in two cubes in equal size. Each of them contains eight commercial and residential units. The “criss-crossing”, interlocking arrangement of the two modules that make up each unit serve the different daylight needs, in order to separate working and living areas. Areas that doesn’t require direct sunlight can be used in northern side, but the ones that require most intense daylight can accommodate on the western and southern sides. A two-storey air space containing stairs connects the floors. Together with roof and windows in the facade space gets a lot of light inside the interior. Another aspect of the buildings versatile approach is the way in which adjoining units can be combined. Two or more maisonettes can be connected to form whole new unit over two floors, laying in top of each other. There is possibility of 500 square metres to be created. It possible to have small apartment with large office or opposite. Open plan allows for residents to organize the space as whatever they wish. In its basic form, the block doesn’t have dividing walls, except cleverly positioned cored for bathrooms and kitchens. The ceiling hight for both commercial and residential have 2.75m.

REFERENCES: INFORMATION/IMAGE HYBRID HOUSES (PDF) Hybride Development Hybrid House igs centre December 2013 LINK: http://www.iba-hamburg.de/fileadmin/Slideshows_ post2013/02_Wissen/01_Whitepaper/White_Paper_Hybridhouses_engl_final.pdf

108

INTERIOR PHOTOS

109

SITE AND ROOF PLAN OF THE BUILDING

110

SITE PLAN AND ELEVATION OF THE BUILDING, INCLUDING THE PLAN OF THE

111

CASE STUDY HYBRID HOUSE

STRUCTURE Because of landscape conditions around the site, pillars foundations were used and the building could not have basement. The load bearing components of the block is made of reinforced concrete wall slabs and ceilings. The wall slabs form part of a structure made of pilasters, beams and casing. The main load transfer takes place at the crossing point of the respective bulkheads for each module. They do not require any support. The outer walls and partition walls are brick-built. The rooms are divided by, mortar less, dry structures. The interior stairs are made of prefabricated reinforced concrete. The balcony slabs are reinforced concrete and thermally all separated from the rest of the building. Building got also waterproof roof concrete structure. The roof was built as flat, inverted roof part of it is used as terrace and remaining part of mostly planted. The Plastered facade are designed as a thermal insulation system. The windows are framed by aluminium elements. Sun protection elements and fall protection for the windows is included.

112

FRONT ELEVATION OF THE BUILDING

113

CASE STUDY HYBRID HOUSE

ENERGY CONCEPT AND SOUND INSULATION Hybrid house was build of IBA minimum standard of 30% to KfW-70. Below the level stipulated in the energy conservation regulations. (EnEV. 2009). Both blocks are supported with heating and hot water, from local heat grid operated by Wilhelmsburg Central Integrated Energy Network. Heated by renewable energy sources. It has also heat recovery with ventilation system. The heat protection system and the facade design were devised on the basis of residential use, it has also certain overcapacity that is not necessary if the block were used for office use only. The commercial spaces does have better heating and sound insulation standards. They also corresponds for housing requirements, so that means every unit could possibly used as home. For Facade this meant that sound insulation was 5db better on average on unusual properties that are used for commercial purposes and without triple-layer insulating glazing. The maximum permissible sound level of 20 dB inside ( in the bedrooms) at night with windows open, is happening for all the units, with extra special ventilator flaps in the facade.

VENTILATION PIPES

114

LOOKING INSIDE THROUGH THE WINDOW

115

CASE STUDY HYBRID HOUSE

PLANNING PROCESS It all started together with “Hybrid Development” so the rolle was the same. Later the number of changes were made for the design, right up before building application. They most were to do with implementation. The winning concept entitled “ 2-level-4-direction module”. by Berlin-based firm Brandlhuber + Niehuser was devised on behalf of the investor Hamburg Team and it was adapted by the firm Kleffel Papay Warncke Architekten Partnerschaft after the tender to be built on the middle plot.

CHANGES

REFERENCES:

INFORMATION/IMAGE HYBRID HOUSES (PDF) Hybride Development Hybrid House igs centre December 2013 LINK: http://www.iba-hamburg.de/fileadmin/Slideshows_ post2013/02_Wissen/01_Whitepaper/White_Paper_Hybridhouses_engl_final.pdf

116

*One of decisions was to dispense the creation of a basement for underground garage. Parking space got planned for the eastern side of the building. *The original dimon shape to the building was transposed to a rectangular shape. *But the axis spacing apartments was increased from 4.2 metres to 4.8 metres. *Totally 16 units were created of which 12 are maisonettes running crosswise. *The original idea about intending to bring light into the interior space on the long sides was rejected. Instead was proposed to have light slits to created in wall panels along the long sides, in that way enough light was provided. Similar as Hybrid Development it was set for type of use to meet standards for both residential and commercial use. For Example is high number of car parking spaces, anti-glare shields. The cleaning arrangements for the facade, which are necessary for commercial units, the sound and heat insulation and perfect provision of ventilation systems. It was necessary to have high bedroom insulations even in bedroom when window is opened. After planning application it was cited that it would be mixed-use 63/37 commercial use. In order to create purely commercial use only, you would have to provide twice of the car park space.

\FUNDING Only some of the units could receive funding, because commercial spaces are not eligible. If the use would change the user would have to pay back the money. Originally it was meant to be passive house, but the idea was amended, it was related with the building services, because of the reason be able to establish service for both uses inside the building.

117

CASE STUDY HYBRID HOUSE

THE RESULT First of all higher initial investment was unfortunately required due to extra access features and incorporation of two different type of uses. But same like Hybrid Development it makes the building in longer run becomes more cost effective. Once this building is created it becomes suitable as a rental property. The design of the building is slightly different from what you get to see, the windows are in different layers, having concrete base between them. it clearly works out in the landscape and is slightly less strong than the surrounding buildings from facade, but maybe that makes it more interesting. The connection between the flexibility and services are outstanding and does put basics for the future of residential building, if that how they will be even called. its successful example of flexible-use residential and commercial units.

118

THE CORNER OF THE HOUSE

119

CASE STUDY HYBRID DEVELOPMENT

INVESTOR DESIGNER WERNST IMMOBILIEN, HAMBURG / DEUTSCHE IMMOBILIEN AG, HAMBURG BIELING ARCHITEKTEN, KASSEL/HAMBURG TECHNICAL BUILDING EQUIPMENT PLANUNGSBÜRO FÜR HAUSTECHNIK GMBH & CO. KG, NORDERSTEDT SPECIAL STATISTIC ENGINERING BOLLINGER + GROHMANN INGENIEURE, FRANKFURT A.M. SPECIAL FIRE PROTECTION ENGINERING WTM ENGINEERS, HAMBURG OTHER STAKEHOLDERS BAURT MUNCHEN ( FACADE FIRE PROTECTION) BREIMANN+BRUUN (LANDSCAPE DESIGN) HAMBURG ENERGIE GMBH, HAMBURT

GENERAL BUILDING DATA USE RESIDENTAL AND OFFICE BUILDING PLOT SIZE 2.181 M2 GROSS FLOOR AREA 2.302 M2 NUMBERS OF FLOORS 4 NUMBERS OF ROOMS 20 SIZE OF UNITS 43 - 120 M2 ENERGY STANDARTS ENERGY CONSERVATION REGULATIONS (ENEV 2009), MINIMUM REQUIREMENT MINUS 30 ENERGY SUPPLY WILHELMSBURG CENTRAL INTEGRATED ENERGY NETWOR CONSTRUCTION PERIOD 07/2012 TO 03/2013

STRUCTURE FOUNDATION REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOOR PRIMARY STRUCTURE REINFORCED CONCRETE SKELETON FRAME OUTER WALLS WOODEN FRAME ELEMENTS WITH INLAID INSTALLATIONS AND BACK-VENTILATED LARCHWOOD FAÇADE CLADDING FLOOR AND CEILINGS WALLS REINFORCED CONCRETE INTERIOR WALLS NON-BEARING: LIGHTWEIGHT CONSTRUCTION STAIRCASE WALLS REINFORCED CONCRETE

120

GENERAL INFO This was the first hybrid building development called “Hybrid Development” It was build in south of strasse am inselpark, on the edge of the island park and beside the kanukanal. This building offers maximum flexibility across each floor of the building. Its based on sophisticated accessible structure. Living and working space is completely separated, but could also be connected together with a little bit of effort by the users. In the building several units can be joined together horizontally and vertically, maisonette units.

FRONT FACADE OF THE HOUSE

121

CASE STUDY HYBRID DEVELOPMENT

“I enter the building through the residential entrance. Pictures hang in the hallway, shoes lie outside the doors and I almost stumble over a toy car belonging to my neighbour’s child before I reach my apartment. When I have to meet clients, I simply go through the connecting door and receive them there they have reach my office through the other staircase intended for the work-related part of the building – in a professional setting.”

CONCEPT OF THE DEVELOPMENT Bieling and partner architekten devised hybrid design with a sophisticated access structure. It is based on systematic division of living and working space within the building. Their design lets two different spaces to coexist next to each other, in same time there are two entries inside the building for residential purposes and commercial use. Floor is organized in the way that all 6 flats are central to the main staircase. Each staircase has two different entries and they work similar as you can find big shopping malls, when two staircases runs in opposite directions. West stairs are for workers and east stairs are for residents, there is no connection between them, that lets residential part to be alone. The whole building is based on a grid plan, that lets for more variabilities in the arrangement of individual ground plans and future changes. The building is based on a grid plan that allows for considerable variability in the arrangement of individual ground plans. Residential and working spaces and functions are separate entities, but due to their construction methods can be possibly joined together. All the interior walls are lightweight construction and can be easily adapted for the users. It is possible to build access between two units the residential and working space, if the person wants to live in same place. That gives you opportunity to keep your eye on children. You can take care of your family in same time as your client, but your family environment will never been interfaced by professional and opposite.

LAYOUT 2

LAYOUT 3

STAIR SYSTEM

123

CASE STUDY HYBRID DEVELOPMENT

ARCHITECTURE IMPLEMENTATION BASEMENT (Formed as a mould and located under the 4 floors) *Cellar rooms *Bicycle storage *20 car parking spaces The access to basement is ramp along the narrow northeaster side of the buildings. The basement space is larger then space above, that affects the private outdoor area. This is single building block within a greater master plan. The block is surrounded by a park with green spaces and the water canal. Notches and balconies break up the facade. But the deep recesses on all facade brings a lot of daylight into inner parts of the building. It gives covered outdoors for building users. Its possible to organize the residential and working on top of each other, bringing both parties in same unit. The outer wall is fitted with vertically fitted structured facade lining made of larch wood panels.

124

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

125

CASE STUDY HYBRID DEVELOPMENT

STRUCTURE The building is constructed as skeleton frame Load bearing and buttressing building components are made of reinforced concrete staircase core made of same material. The shell, natural wood frame construction, is non load-bearing and set in front of the mineral structure. The wood frame elements used are fire-resistent and placed in front of reinforced concrete supports and floor and ceiling elements. Because of their location inside the building it helps to prevent fire spreading. Installation level is fitted with double-layerd covering made of plasterboard and insulated without any cavity. The wall of wooden elements are cavity free and are based on structure. Fitted with mineral insulation. There is also vapour barrier located behind as oriented stand board cover. Plaster board fire-check 15mm encloses this part of the building. Aluminium substructure is attached to wooden elements and facade cladding. black-cadded fibre cement on top. In turn these were fitted with larchwood panels. The wooden facade is segmented by horizontally arranged sheet moulding, placed immediately above each floor, also for help for fire protection. Despite the 4 floor building its possible to make timber facade whole long way. Thanks to smart positioning of windows elements. Possibility of fire spreading is prevented because of shift between open and closed areas.

126

BUILDING SECTION

ELEVATION

127

CASE STUDY HYBRID DEVELOPMENT

CONCEPT OF THE ENERGY It has compact overall system and structural form (small amount of thermal bridges, including in the mineral structure). The building falls 300 per cent below the requested in energy conservation regulation. Energy primary source is supplied via the local heat grid, that is runned by the Wilhelmsburg central integrated energy network. Each unit is fitted with mechanical ventilation with heating regulation, that can be adjust for each room separately. All the apartments have floor heating system. The roof of the building is covered with salt and large area is planted. The commercial areas have better standards in terms of heat and sound insulation. In same time noise protection standard are designed also for apartments. What comes about facade the average sound insulation is 5DB better than units used purely for commercial use. The building has triple-layer insulated glazing. Maximum 30 DB in all units has been verified, assisted by special ventilators in the facade.

128

CORNER DESIGN

129

CASE STUDY HYBRID DEVELOPMENT

CONCEPT OF THE SERVICES The building key function is hybrid concept and flexible use. To achieve the desired goal the building must be considered as both a purely commercial building and as well as residential property. Its required to implement these aspects in construction. *Shaft concept The main shafts run upwards through the staircase core to the units. That supplies all the units with heat, telecommunications and electricity. Waste and waste water are carried through other shafts. That lets sanitary facilities to be set up in different way. Its easy to arrange ground plan around shafts. All of the shafts have overcapacity and in their cross-sections so that subsequent upgrading can be carried out. *Overcapacity To accommodate both types of use, they set supply and disposal lines for the worst case scenario. All the telecommunications and electricity were installed in the way that workstations or a medical practises could be set up within each unit. For each buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s floor finishes have a load of 5kn/square metre and a thickness of 8cm. The height of floor finishes alows ducts and tanks to be installed for each desk for commercial units.

130

CONSTRUCTION PHASE ON 2012

131

CASE STUDY HYBRID DEVELOPMENT

BUILDING SERVICES CONCEPT The building key function is hybrid concept and flexible use. To archieve the desired goal the building must be considered as both a purely commercial building and as well as residential property. Its required to implement these aspects in construction. *Shaft concept The main shafts run upwardstrought the staircase core to the units. That supplies all the units with heat, telecommunications and electricity. Waste and waste water are carried trought other shafts. That lets sanitary facilities to be set up in different way. Its easy to arrange ground plan around shafts. All of the shafts have overcapacity and in their cross-sections so that subsequent upgrading can be carried out. *Overcapacity To accommodate both types of use, they set supply and disposal lines for the worst case scenario. All the telecommunications and electricity were installed in the way that workstations or a medical practises could be set up within each unit. For each buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s floor finishes have a load of 5kn/square metre and a thickness of 8cm. The height of floor finishes alows ducts and tanks to be installed for each desk for commercial units.

REFERENCES:

132

133

CASE STUDY HYBRID DEVELOPMENT

PLANNING PROCESS It took place in second quarter of 2009. It involved five firms of architects and it concluded on 22 June with selection of the design by Nagel Architekten that are based in Berlin, for planned exhibition and office building. Two remaining plots (total 3 plots) were put out for tender by the IBA Hamburg. Investors teamed up with firm of architects and other expert planners to develop a sophisticated design concept, business model with a financial plan, price offer and the figures for any subsidies for additional funds required. The winer was chosen after six offers in two stages. *First they judged the quality of the design concept. *Second the economic parameters of the tender. At last committee recommended the tender by Beiterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Deutsche immobilien AG (Hamburg), they implemented by Bieling und Partner Architekten.

134

135

CASE STUDY HYBRID DEVELOPMENT

PROCESS OF PLANNING

Two interlocking staircases is unchanged. But because of new building owners and various technical reasons some alterations were made to the design. In original design it was planned to have a solid timber construction, in the end only wooden facade was retained. They planed to have timber construction as a skeleton structure of supports and beams on the same grid. It was planned for ceilings to be composed of insulated panel elements. This designs would be considerable advantages in terms for flexibility, but strong disadvantage for sound insulation and fire prevent, that led them to change the design concept. Casing was necessary to avoid moisture seeping into the shell of the building. The timber constructions are exception in Hamburg and fire safety regulations would require exemptions, waivers and compensatory measure the pure timber designed was denied. Same reason for initially planned cavity floor, and floor finish solution chosen in its place. Grey water and photovoltaic elements fitting of the windows frames in facade were not used for economical reasons. It will be possible trough to upgrade the building with photovoltaic elements later date without conversion. Building is supplied with water from local public mains and rainwater is completely drained.

136

A not inconsiderable amount of planning work is to be build and run hybrid houses. The technical system for combined commercial and residential use is although much more complex than for buildings that are intended for one mode of use alone. The additional planning and construction expenses were covered by IBA’S promotion of excellence programme. However, the double-access design enables the space to be used flexibly and sustainably over long term, as the units can be adapted for different use for very small effort. The higher construction costs will be compensated in long term period. There were other demands place for the building including fall protection on upper floors. It became more difficult because of potential commercial use, as for offices it must be more than for housing. Same goes to sound insulation, as requirement were much higher. It shows that going for hybrid building you will always have to aim for highest requirements for both type of use, that unfortunately will lead to more intensive planning and higher overall costs. When applying for planning permissions there were a question on table, “Which type of use should we cite when applying for planning permissions?” They had to pick up an unusual route the only option for splitting residential and commercial space. Its not an option according after planning application. For this case building application cited 100% residential use, and that influenced the subsequent marketing of the project.

COMPETITION SUMBITTED DESIGN

137

CASE STUDY HYBRID DEVELOPMENT

ARCHITECT JOHAN CELSING

FINAL RESULT The result of the project was “overwhelmingly positive”. Some of the objects were not implemented, but the key idea of split access and flexible-use spaces could be carried out as planned. As only access core, supports and ceilings are load bearing, the block can be altered relatively easily. It was was possible eventually to construct building combining different uses without any conflicts while adapting to the needs of its users and ensuring high quality with low operating costs. For future improvement this concepts should be implemented. * Alternative construction methods *Integrated development of the building concept by investors and planners. *Various design aspects such as the design of the staircases. *Joint marketing for commercial and residential units.

138

After original concept the supporting structure was to be made of wooden beams and wooden composite flooring. “The oblique position of the wooden ceiling beams would have allowed an optimal load distribution, enabling the rooms to be used in many different ways”. That was possible because of concrete structure, but aspect relating with sustainability would have been better if wood would be used. Heat recovery with automatic ventilation with sound insulation all leads to greater energy efficiency. Place was not market as flexible use residential or commercial space, rather either as apartments or commercial units. Typical estate agents approach doesn’t work for this hybrid concept. It was presented as most of spaces in building were used for apartments. It would help if people would already experienced this on their own. Also for banks it was problem as they had to target one of those to give out a credit. Facing the fact about Hamburg it’s not surprised that most of space is used as apartments. Hybrid houses are possibly emerging sector, but they still have to established part in overall market. The lack of understanding comes of also experience of the owner, by buying two units that were approved for residential use, as he wanted to redesigned for practise use. Such a additional hurdles could be significantly reduced by terming a quota for splitting the building. Simply making building regulations law more flexible.

FRONT FACADE OF HYBRID DEVELOPMENT

139

INVESTORS OTTO WULFF BAUUNTERNEHMEN GMBH, HAMBURG WPH WOHNBAU UN PROJEKTENT-WICKLUNG HAMBURG GMBH, HAMBURG GUDRUN SACK, WALTER NAGELI NAEGELIARCHITEKTEN, BERLIN. DESIGN GUDRUN SACK, WALTER NAGELI NAEGELIARCHITEKTEN, BERLIN. TECHNICAL BUILDING SERVICES OTTO WULF BAUUNTERNEHMUNG GMBH & CO. KG, HAMBURG. STATIC ENGINEERING IB MEI, BERLIN PRIME CONTRACTOR OTTO WULF BAUUNTERNEHMUNG GMBH & CO. KG, HAMBURG HAMBURG SPARKASSE. PROJECT PARTNERS HAMBURG ENERGIE (DISTRICT HEATING GRID) USE FLEXIBLE-USE OFFICE AND EXHIBITION BUILDING PLOT SIZE 1.900 M2 GROSS FLOOR AREA 2.400 M2 NUMBER OF FLOORS 4 + BASEMENT HALF-FLOOR (PARKING SPACES NUMBER OF UNITS 12 SIZE OF UNITS 102 - 124 M2 ENERGY STANDARD KFW-70 STANDARD ( ENERGY CONSERVATION REGULATIONS. ENEV 2009) ENERGY SUPPLY WILHELMSBURG CENTRAL INTEGRATED ENERGY NETWORK, SOIL PROBES CONSTRUCTION PERIOD 07/2010 TO 09/2011 FOUNDATION REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOOR ON PILLAR FOUNDATION IN THE BASEMENT PRIMARY CONSTRUCTION REINFORCED CONCRETE SKELETON FRAME OUTER WALLS TIMBER FRAME ELEMENTS WITH PANEL CONSTRUCTION, WITHOUT DIFFUSION BARRIER; INTERIOR WITH INSTALLATION LEVEL AND PLASTERBOARD LINING, EXTERIOR WITH REAR-VENTILATED ALUMINIUM PANEL FACADE AND ADDITIONAL INSULATING LAYER. FLOOR AND CEILING ELEMENTS REINFORCED CONCRETE WITH FLOATING FLOOR FILL. INTERIOR WALLS BEARING AND REINFORCING, SAND-LIME BRICKWORK NON-BEARING: LIGHTWEIGHT CONSTRUCTION SKELETON FRAME WITH SAND-LIME REFRACTORY LINING.

CASE STUDY IGS CENTRE

INTRODUCTION This is another IBA Hamburg project building. In this apartment of the future work will occupy more space. The life time of standard building is reduced, that leads them to deterioration and ecological overall balance. This building will test new typology- building exhibition in building exhibition. IBA with this project is trying to expand the principles of flexibility and possibility of combinations. As well as making it sustainable and archiving economic possibilities. The buildings main aspects are: *Flexibility *Sustainability of the construction and materials *Low primary energy consumption *Quality of the design.

THE BUILDING

REFERENCES: http://www.iba-hamburg.de/en/themes-projects/ the-building-exhibition-within-the-building-exhibition/ hybrid-houses/igs-centre/projekt/igs-centre.html http://www.wingsch.net/die-internationale-bauausstellung-iba-hamburg-stadt-neu-bauen/?lang=en http://urbalize.com/2013/10/18/impressions-of-iba-hamburg-2013/ http://www.iba-hamburg.de/fileadmin/Mediathek/ M10_wilhelmsburgmitte/M11_bainderba/M111Hybrid/ Projectflyer_igs-zentrum_en_121018.pdf

The materials chosen for this building are wood and concrete and both are resource-efficient, when they are optimally combined. They together can provide good indoor environment. The exterior is done from timber for its heat and sustainability properties. The structure of the building is made of concrete, that done for ensuring large spans and effective sound insulation and fire protection. The base of the building and the facade are planted, to integrate the building with its surroundings. The block and landscape merge into on another. The colour of the facade changed depending of the light. The energy concept is also in close relationship with nature. It uses geothermal energy and renewable local heat. It also can get heat recovery from the room air. The energy mix eliminates heat generated from fossil fuels. The most important aspect of the building is that all the units can adapt to the needs of their users in flexible way. It offers possibility like the other hybrid buildings to have mixed residential and commercial reuse. The ground floor is the best example and right now works as an exhebition space. The floor can be divided into small offices with an very little efford. The conversion to hybrid house made place in 2013 and it required only about 3 per cent total volume of the whole building. all the floors are flexible and adapted to changing needs, that because of system of supports and different access elements. Office could be transformed to apartment and still used as sub office. Each of the 12 units is U shaped. Its possible to bring the daylight into any depth of building and it can be also opened to be used as balconie.

140

THE IGS CENTRE EARNED AWARD OF SILVER SEAL OF QUALITY BY THE DEUTSCHE GESELLSCHAFT FUR NACHAITIGES BAUEN. ( DGNB, GERMAN SOCIETY FOR SUSTAINABLE BUILDING)

141

CASE STUDY IGS CENTRE

ARCHITECTURAL IMPLEMENTATION There are five car parking spaces integrated into the basement, also this area is multi-purpose, its spread over one and a half storeys and it has no connection to the upper floors except the central staircase. above the mound all the units are arranged as U-shaped modules. Three floors comprise 10 units each around 102 - 124 square metres, that are divided into ushaped modules. The modules in northern part of the building can be accessed from two sides. The U can be used by two occupants, they can even divide the space for third one in middle. The mound has four additional entrances, it can be separated in four more ground floor units, but the utility and mezzanine floor must be shared.

PRINCIPLE BEHIND THE BUILDING The typological principle behind the building is towards maximum compartmentalisation of separate units. To separate living and working to completely merging both those two getter, to give options for the users. All the sanitary facilities and utility rooms are faced away from atrium. The rose zone is designed in the way that both types of use and working with living is possible. Its easy to convert from office toilet to apartment bathroom. In same time server room can be transformed into storage areas. REFERENCES: INFORMATION/IMAGE HYBRID HOUSES (PDF) Hybride Development Hybrid House igs centre December 2013 LINK: http://www.iba-hamburg.de/fileadmin/Slideshows_ post2013/02_Wissen/01_Whitepaper/White_Paper_Hybridhouses_engl_final.pdf

142

The light that is required from residential use is brought in the depth from atria. U-shaped inner module have all glass-faรงade that gives the strong light from outside. But from outside the building looks like compact, solid shaped atop. The roof and atria are both covered over with glass.

ELEVATION The colours on the building try to reflect the colours of surroundings. The greenery changes with the season. and the aluminium changes depending of the light. The sliding facade panels also give great changing appearance.

INTEGRATION INTO THE LANDSCAPE

GUDRUN SACKS OPINION ABOUT THE BUILDING IS THAT: “ IT IS A HOUSE THAT IS FISHING IN THE BORDER ZONA: A HOUSE, A LANDSCAPE, A VILLAGE, AN OBJECT - A HOUSE BETWEEN BUILDING AND LANDSCAPE, BETWEEN LIVING AND WORKING, BETWEEN A LANDSCAPE BASE AND THE SMALLEST MINIMAL UNIT.”

143

CASE STUDY IGS CENTRE

STRUCTURE Originally it was planned to have reinforced concrete and brickwork, with extra prefabricated wooden board elements. The primary structure now is reinforced concrete skeleton, its inwards about 1.50 metres from the edges of the upper floors. All the floor and ceiling elements are prefabricated, reinforced concrete. with topping in castin-place concrete around 18cm. The base plate is 20 cm thick. The floor have 5cm impact noise insulation. All the electricity is supplied via conduits and floor tanks, that are integrated into the floor. The other side of ceilings is sound insulation installed. All the outer walls are constructed from non-bearing timber frame elements. They are large prefabricated panels in size of 3 x 11 metres. This timber frame is placed in front of concrete skeleton and has extra level of insulation. All the aluminium plates are cast on site. All the windows are synthetic and triple glazed. It has classical insulated rafter roof structure and it has great deal of greenery. All the greenery have metal covering, that are classic standing seam. The roof was designed as planted. The heat insulation beneath have 30 cm thickness. The bearing and reinforcing interior walls all are built as KS design, while all the non-bearing interior walls are lightweight structures.

144

THE PLAN AND THE SECTION OF THE BUILDING

145

CASE STUDY IGS CENTRE

SOUND INSULATION The technical aspect of sound insulation was crucial especially for this project. The facade had to be designed for residents and had to meet requirements, but in same time could not forget about flexibility and sustainability aspects for the building. As the other hybrid building it was set to have for bedrooms noise level of 30 dbA. That was meaning for more following measures to be part of concept. All the ventilation was positioned within the atria. Any case U-shaped module could be used as the sleeping areas. Had to limit also opening of the flaps and integrating scrunchions. Having two facade. The sound insulation meets for standards for residential buildings with increased sound insulation. The facade connections were done in great quality, that prevent noise transmission through the facade. There was additional insulation inside the facade.

FIRE PROTECTION For Interior atria the measures were complicated, as originally they were designed to not be completely enclosed. Because of fire protection the atria had to be designed more open to prevent from chimney effect. The mound originally was planned as open plan space, but it got divided by a glass wall, that let to pass the fire protection requirements. REFERENCES: INFORMATION/IMAGE HYBRID HOUSES (PDF) Hybride Development Hybrid House igs centre December 2013 LINK: http://www.iba-hamburg.de/fileadmin/Slideshows_ post2013/02_Wissen/01_Whitepaper/White_Paper_Hybridhouses_engl_final.pdf

146

HYBRIDKONZEPT The following technical components are: Larger floor spans. Better floor finishes Building services components such as double address generation with double the equipment for bells systems and letter boxes.

BASEMENT ENTRY POINTS

147

CASE STUDY IGS CENTRE

BUILDING SERVICES The building service is designed focusing on meating thermal heat needs and ensuring that it has low energy requirement for its life cycle. Heat is gain from the local decentralised Wilhelmsburg Central Integrated Energy Network and geothermal energy from soil probes that are sunk 80 metres deep. The heat pumps and air conditioning units control an integrated heating and cooling cycle that operates throughout the year, it provides pleasant indoor climate. In winter they pump thermal heat into the building, while in summer they extract the cold from the ground and use it to cool the building. Overall the KfW- 70 standard is achieved. The upper floors are heated by heating pumps that are located in underfloor. The central hot water supply also receives energy from local heat. The building is cooled by ventilation system, that energy is obtained from geothermal sources. The basement contains a 1.000 litre heat buffer storage and 1.500 litre for cold.

148

The distribution system for whole building works in the way for be suitable for residential and office use. But they can be different, as for apartment block water requirements will be higher, while ventilation will be lower then office use. Bad it was made possible that this necessary alteration therefore were made easily within the units. Media connections were laid in protective tube inside the earth and they go through the ground floor to the whole building. As they all are in same place, it makes it easy for access. Location close to exhibition area, bring the possibility for displaying the buildings technology. All the installations were arranged with the sustainability in the mind and that they will be easy to be changed in future. All the ducts are designed with possibility of 20 per cent extra capacity. All the rainwater that falls onto the roof is stored and used to water the planted mounds. All other rainwater is drained into watercourse.

SUSTAINABLE CONCEPT Its been awarded with a Silver Certification by German Society for Sustainable Building. It was achieved because of typological basic concept, that can react on the changes. Building had sustainable material selection, that would be timber structures with low global warming potential and energy concept is based on a mix of renewable forms of energy, that have equally high insulation properties.

ENERGY CONCEPT FOR THE WINTER

149

ENERGY CONCEPT FOR THE WINTER

CASE STUDY IGS CENTRE

THE PLAN AND PROGRESS The start of the project was part of 2 other buildings done with IBA Hamburg, later on the detail design was drawn by Hamburg-based firm Timm + Goullon while Otto Wulff Bauunternehmung Gmbh took over the planning.

THE CHANGES The access concept from three staircases was reduced to two. It gave possibility of compartmentalising the space, but it didnt present the obstacle. There were involved the material concept changes, that happened due of the lack of experience of timber construction amongs the client and sound insulation requirement. The timber construction was scaled back to wood and concrete construction. The changes for material concept could have destroy possibility to achieve DGNB Gold Certificate achievement. Having originally been planned as a passive house it met the implement as a KfW-70 structure that met IBAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S minimum standard. This was due the client to make it less complex and focus on flexible idea. If the building had granted funding client might have decided differently.

150

Atria was originally designed as closed conservatories that would use sunlight that entered to preheat the air supply was altered once the energy concept was revised. Originally it was designed to be with geothermal energy. When level of insulation were adjust the atria met the requirement stipulated in the energy conservation regulations. When atria was positioned on the outer part of the building, fire safety requirements for outer facade were fulfilled. There were material changes for facade because of maintenance reason. Trespa was changed to Alucobond. For planning application it was applied to be 100 per cent commercial use in a general residential area.

FOLLOWING FEATURES The building exhibition within the building exhibition had the following features. Car-parking space had to have large numbers of space as the building was confirmed as 100 % commercial use. Later on as it was shown how it would be designed it wasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t actually created, as some of the car spaces were missing. It was hard to connect window openings with ventilation at nights, as it was crucial to have for interior maximum sound level of 30 dBa at night.

OUTSIDE VIEW OF THE BUILDING

151

CASE STUDY IGS CENTRE

FINAL RESULT The Igs 2013 has used the building for several years as office and exhibition centre. The extent ti which re-use and conversion are easy to implement remains to be seen. The buildings first cycle will end in 2014 with departure of the igs management, well not final conclusion can yet be drawn. Positive aspect was also decision for putting the model forward for an assessment by the DGNB. While selecting the construction materials, the whole life cycle of the building was considered, in order be able to make it as sustainable as possible. Carbon dioxide was reduced due to material and construction process chosen right way. Re-usability because of smart building components and materials. The building also uses the sunlight, shade and geothermal energy, and its integration into the landscape. Because of all of these reasons the building was awarded with DGNB silver certificate.

152

CASE STUDY HYBRID PROJECT

GREATEST OBSTACLES For all the projects the greatest obstacle was legal framework. Planning law does not include the process that one building can change from 100 % commercial to 100% residential. The second obstacle was building regulations, that permit can only be granted when building have specific type of use not hybrid.

ROOM TO IMPROVE The hardest part of hybrid building concept is to create the maximum of flexibility of use, with right standards of sound insulation and building services, as they both require different properties. Also the process of dividing the units horizontally and especially vertically, was not completely worked out. The large important was in construction materials. Building should focus on idea of demonstrating how flexible concept allows it to really be responsible for taking the idea into the market.

154

155

CASE STUDY HYBRID PROJECT

HYBRID HOUSES AS FLEXIBLE-USE Three type of building were done by different strategies to create flexible use of space for changing residential and work related spaces, using little effort as possible. They all had common additional access points, with several access cores, and extra entrances with building services concepts that lets you choose different modes. All the models were focused on higher living and working standards. The aim of the models and project was to create example for future social developments, to create flexible use of spaces with sustainability futures. Hybrid houses Hamburg pursues this target, it enabled the maximum compartmentalisation, and the spaces are able to function with different tasks. Hybrid housing project enhanced by a mixed timber and concrete construction and showed successful way of complex access system and possibility of dividing the building for user needs.

FUTURE

In future the social changes will request different type of building to combine person life with daily activities. Standard housing offers less answers on our needs and users are starting to focus on other options. Strong aspect of Hybrid houses project was that it was focused to prove that building with flexible-use and use of little effort can be more sustainable in long run and in terms of environment are most cost effectiveness. Costs are saved by change of the use, as building is already prepared for the change and dose not require additional construction works at all.

156

THE BIRD VIEW OF THE SITE

157

KVARNHOLMENT GROUP SITE EXPLORATION

GROUP WORK TO EXPLORE THE SITE Group work included working with existing site drawings, starting with sections and elevations with large massing model of the whole island. The ideas was to create productively different set of drawings and a model for whole studio use.

SECTION Section dawned by myself and rendered by Annet. Shows the cut trough the central part of island. Showing the front industry buildings and the green zone in other side, involving water in both sides.

REFERENCES:

158

159

REFERENCES:

160

161

KVARNHOLMENT GROUP SITE EXPLORATION

SECTION Two more sections done by studio students.

REFERENCES:

162

163

KVARNHOLMENT GROUP SITE EXPLORATION

ELEVATIONS Two more elevations done by studio students. Focusing on front industrial part of Kvarnholmen and the other more rocky landscape location.

REFERENCES:

164

165

REFERENCES:

166

167

KVARNHOLMENT GROUP SITE EXPLORATION

SITE MODEL Site model was created in order to perfectly understand the landscape and the building layout on it. Also it helps in order to create the design project masterplan and connect it with rest of the students.

168

169

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 1 - PREPARING THE GROUND

OVERVIEW The new design project, was focused on specific site, that we had given after our own comments after each of the location. The brief was about working with our land, and preparing it for massing proposal. To better understand the surrounding, its pluses and minuses. In what kind of condition is the landscape and how does the sun surround the space. It was slightly unusual brief, as never had to work before with project that is located on such an slope landscape, by the water and not just working with one building, but with many of them. Preparing the ground for that, could become very challenging and exciting practise.

REFERENCES:

170

171

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 1 - PREPARING THE GROUND

LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS In the green tone you can see the location of design project. The location is in south-east of Knarholmen and is located by the new proposed road / bridge that will connect the island to the Necka (New proposed master plan region).Crossing the water the Russian mountain is located directly in front of the site. The site has dramatic landscape, including very rocky ground and tree region on north part. Its also located in middle of two main roads. The site is located were use to be industrial fabric buildings for oil, that left behind large slope of concrete between the water and the hill. Can also see more flat area in middle of the hills that is also left after industrial closure. This particular location is also one of the greenest location of the island and also offers possibility for great access of water transport.

ELEVATION OF EXISTING SITE

REFERENCES:

This is the elevation of the hill, the stronger red means the closer location. After this drawing you can tell the change level of the ground, it more dramatically changes in south and then gradually becomes more and more flatter. also of course having completelly flat are in middle of it.

BIRD VIEW OF EXISTING SITE

172

LONG SECTION OF EXISTING SITE

SHORT SECTION OF EXISTING SITE

FLAT AREAS

SLOPE AREAS

Each of the maps discovers different conditions inside the site. The first one is focused in showing the landscape with the most slope change. That could tell us about the strong

ZONES INDICATING THE DIFFERENT SET OF CONDITION OF LANDSCAPE

173

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 1 - PREPARING THE GROUND

GROUND ANALYSES Visiting the site there was serious issue in order to understand the site. The whole location around it had a defence and it was under construction work. To truly understand the quality and the change of landscape on site was hard to record. The Photos were made out of location. By focusing on main objectives around the site. The landscape is very rocky, most of it is gneissic granite and some parts are younger granite. There are in north part of the island some trees located. Thinking about design Location seems to connect all the possible obstacle in order to properly do construction over the site. Having green areas of tree, the ground with rock and constantly changing landscape already sets complicated access and layout options.

174

THE VIEW FROM HIGHEST POINT IN SITE, SHOWING THE ROAD THAT RUNS ABOVE THE SITE AND CONNECTS WITH THE BRIDGE.

THE VIEW FROM THE ROAD, PRESENTING THE FACT THAT ROAD IS AT LEAST METRE ABOVE THE ACTUAL GROUND, CREATING SLIGHTLY THE VIEW OVER THE RUN-DOWN OF HILL.

175

ANOTHER GRAVEL ROAD RUNNING SLIGHTLY IN LOWER LEVEL FROM MAIN ROAD, POSSIBLY CREATED OVER CONSTRUCTION FOR ACCESS.

THE VIEW FROM LOCATION NEXT TO THE SITE, TO THE DOCK ON OTHER SIDE AND RUSSIAN MOUNTAIN.

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 1 - PREPARING THE GROUND

SITE PLAN WITH CONCRETE EXTENSIONS

DESIGNING THE DRESSING 1# By focusing on the most flat areas, design process started with creating platforms to straighten the ground in this locations and possible to extend them as well. In same time idea was to locate them by the road for better access. This sort of panels, would be useful for future construction even if the buildings would be taken down. THE VIEW FROM TOP OF MAIN ROAD

SKETCH PLAN

SITE PLAN WITH CONCRETE EXTENSIONS

DESIGNING THE DRESSING 2# Another option was to create concrete platforms that would be hold my metal beams, in the most dramatic areas, in the way of taking the full potential of extruding the flat areas. Exactly opposite to the first idea. But this sort of construction would create large mass of shadows under the platforms, it would become sort of unnecessary and dark space.

3D MODEL OF PROPOSAL

THE VIEW FROM OTHER SIDE WITH SIMPLE PROPOSAL

177

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 1 - PREPARING THE GROUND

DESIGNING THE DRESSING 1# The first idea was taken to next steps, and simple site layouts were produced also exploring what could possible be building sizes and their location. The drawing is more symbolic as idea or experiment how could it work, less then actual progress of design. Design process kept changing very often, it was more focused on experimenting different options not settling down for one idea.

PROPOSED SITE PLAN WITH SECTION

THE VIEW FROM OTHER SIDE, TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE LOCATIONS OF THE PLATFORMS.

3D SITE VIEW 1#

179

3D SITE VIEW 2#

5 35

REFERENCES:

PROPOSED SITE PLAN (A) TOP LEVEL SLABS ARE MOVED AWAY FROM ROAD TO CREATE GREEN SPACE BETWEEN. THE HIGHEST PLATFORM IS ON WEST, AND GOING TO EAST IT GOES LOWER AS STAIRS, FOLLOWING THE MOVEMENT OF THE LANDSCAPE. THE SLABS IN MIDDLE AREA ARE LOCATED ON MOST FLAT AREAS, BETWEEN THEM THERE IS PUBLIC STAIR, ACCESS TO BOTTOM ROAD FOR COMMUNITY. THERE IS NEW ROAD, THAT CONNECTS TOP AND BOTTOM ROADS, AND GIVES ACCESS TO ALL SLABS.

180

SITE PLAN WITH PROPOSED ACCESS TO PLATFORMS

181

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 1 - PREPARING THE GROUND

ALVARO SIZA SEA PROJECT IN PORTUGAL Exploring other people works, the most focus was put on searching for projects that works with wild or dramatic landscape. One of those was proposed by our teachers, Alvaro Siza and his sea Portugal project. It was about creating the spaces between the rough landscape and the material decisions.

IMAGE:

1. http://www.galinsky.com/buildings/leca/Leca2. JPG 2. http://assets.inhabitat.com/wp-content/blogs. dir/1/files/2011/08/Le%C3%A7a-SwimmingPools-5.jpg 3. http://mimoa.eu/images/5966_l.jpg

182

THE VIEW TO THE SEA

STAIRS TO THE WATER POOL

183

THE VIEW TO THE POOL

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 1 - PREPARING THE GROUND

5 35

VISUALISING DESIGN To better understand the detail of design and relationship with concrete panels and the landscape, some visualisations were produced. Top level slabs are moved away from road to create green space between. The highest platform is on west, and going to east it goes lower as stairs. Following the movement of landscape. The slabs in middle area are located on most flat areas, between them there is public stair, access to bottom road for community. The existing road that was going trough the middle of hill has been extended, to create road around the top level slab.

184

THE VIEW INSIDE THE SITE

One of the visuals that presents the middle part of the site. as you can see large concrete platforms would be meant for building locations. They would connect together with rocky landscape and would have stair location by the sides of them. Unfortunately this sort of design would provide with large massive walls, it would be expensive and slightly uncomfortable.

ANOTHER VISUAL REPRESENTS THE VIEW FROM THE PLATFORM. As you can see large concrete platforms would create stair sort of landscape between them. What is also interesting how they become part of the also rocky landscape. Making it look like they are coming out of the ground. The drawing also shows chosen material. Concrete blocks for the platforms and gravel on top of the blocks. The platforms would end with timber cladding presenting the edge of the platform.

185

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 1 - PREPARING THE GROUND

TAKING STEP BACK To not over design in early stage of brief, few steps were taken back, and all the platforms that felt unnecessary were removed. Giving more space of freedom. Also creating them less dense, stooped them from creating large walls on east side of corners.

REFERENCES:

186

ELEVATION OF SITE DRESSING

SITE PLAN SHOWS THE LOCATION OF ALL THE PLATFORMS AND POSSIBLE ROAD ACCESS TO MIDDLE LEVEL OF THE SITE.

187

Visual view is located from the east side of the site. It shows proposed location of the concrete platforms. They are located by the road, with space between them. Top platforms looks like they are sliding out of the mountain. The visual also shows, how well the platforms connects with the landscape, living also the green area in middle of the site.

REFERENCES:

THE VIEW OVER THE LANDSCAPE WITH PROPOSAL ON IT

188

189

REFERENCES:

190

The visual presenting the site with new structures inside. The new proposed blocks are from concrete, and possible the top part could be made from ash timber. Some of the walls would be in height of 2.5m maximum.

191

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 2 - MASSING

OVERVIEW After preparing the ground the next task was to create massing to it. You would stay with your ground proposal or make something completely new, was up to you. After symbolic site analyses, decision was done to make courtyard housing over the site. To influence the possible views from over the top of the mountain, and the housings would not block each other for the same reason. Another part of the brief was, that we were separated in groups by 4. And each one of us, had a different site, that made us to collaborate to each other, to connect our massing projects in some sort of way.

192

193

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 2 - MASSING

SITE EXPLORATION The next brief was started with some more site exploration. Couple of drawings were done to understand the heights of the site. It help to understand the heights to not rich in order to keep the possibilities for the great view to the sea. Sun analysis were also done to understand how the shadow moves inside the site. What was found out that, in summer time sun is very high, that means the shadow drop is very small. But in winter is very opposite. The sun is very low and shadow drops very far away. That makes probably the conditions even more colder.

TREE LINE

HIGHEST POINT TO LOWEST

THE MAIN ROAD

TREE LINE TREE LINE

REFERENCES:

HIGHEST POINT TO LOWEST

194

MIDDLE POINT TO LOWEST

SUMMER TIME SUN ANALYSIS ON THE SITE. JULY 22 FROM EARLY MORNING TO EVENING

WINTER TIME SUN ANALYSIS ON THE SITE. DECEMBER 22 FROM EARLY MORNING TO EVENING

TREE LINE THE BUILDINGS

EARLY SKETCHES WITH POSSIBLE BUILDING SIZES IN TERMS TO NOT CROSS THE TREE LINE OR LANDSCAPE HILL LINE

195

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 2 - MASSING

DESIGN PROCESS The new project was started with simply extruding possible buildings on existing platforms. They were different size and different shape, but around 2-6 m height. In order to not cross the tree line inside the site. More sketches were produced later, in order to play around with the design and possibilities of shape. Mostly idea behind these buildings were to be close to the main road, and with most possible view access. As well they were separate from each other in order to receive the most day light possible from both sized. These early simple massing, seem to find themselves quite a large structures, and next task would be to decrease their sizes and create the place more dense.

REFERENCES:

THE BIRD VIEW OF SKETCH-

196

SKETCHES OF DIFFERENT IDEAS OVER PROPOSAL

BUILDINGS

ELEVATION OF PROPOSED BUILDING LAYOUT

197

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 2 - MASSING

BRIEF INTRODUCTION One of early designs was to create step like massing. They would become twin buildings with large open space in middle for them for cars and bicycles. This road would go trough till end of the building separating both of them. While it separated both buildings the road would still be in a way something that both housings share. between each other. There was also idea about building balconies in corner of the buildings, for opportunity of views for each housing. For east buildings to get the light in mornings and west buildings for the evening. The model is missing the base of the buildings.

REFERENCES:

SITE SKETCH-MODEL MADE OF BROWN CARD AND GREY CARD

198

CAR ACCESS POINT

TWO DIFFERENT HIGHT BUILDINGS ACCESS TO SECOND LEVEL

SITE PLAN OF PROPOSAL

MAIN ROAD

BUILDING NEW BRIDGE

199

SECTION SHOWS THE BUILDING HEIGHT RELATED WITH THE SITE AND THE BRIDGE

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 2 - MASSING

BRIEF INTRODUCTION On progressing with the design before. The idea about giving more private space was acquired and to focus on idea of courtyard more clearly. By closing the road between the buildings, it created closed space in front of the house, that could become large size courtyard shared for east and west buildings. All the massing were done progressively on the most flat areas on the site.

REFERENCES: IN PROCESS OF MAKING MODEL

ELEVATION OF THE MODEL

200

THE VISUAL OF ELEVATION OF THE MODEL

There was a small step-back from project design, with another idea proposed, much more simple and possibly functional. Having square form 2 floor block and smaller one one floor on side of the building. Smaller block would be located on left side if the building was more in east to capture morning light, and in right position if building is in west to capture more the evening light. Building material was proposed to be made of ash timber all around the facade, to reflect the grey stone ground and trees growing around.

THE VIEW INSIDE THE LANDSCAPE

SKETCH MODEL

201

TIME: 6 February

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 2 - MASSING

CRITICS

CRIT FEEDBACK

JAMES PAYNE - studio teacher FLORIAN BEIGEL WITH PHILIP CHRISTOU

This was meant to be quick crit before the celebration week. To focus on massing proposal and landscape proposals. Also to present massing models together us a group, to discuss the possibilities for connecting projects together. The feedback was mostly focusing on relationship with the buildings and the early project the site dressing. It was said that project had moved to far away from the proposed side dressing, and it should go back to that. At that point site dressing was created by concrete platforms, and they worked us step sort of platforms, falling from one to another. It was mentioned that it would be more clear and useful if all the concrete platforms would stay in same hight, creating straight elevation. Later locate the buildings on this platforms. The drawing below is where this was discussed.

202

203

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 2 - MASSING

DESIGN PROCESS By slightly moving forward with the second idea, new design came to front. The idea behind this shape was to create the courtyard in central part of the building. Having two floor structure in mountain side and single floor structure in front, both hugging the courtyard. It would give great sense of space in middle and perfect private zone. Having as well long narrow walk in front of the building. This sort of structure would also greatly improve the light from the sun, especially in mornings. And its orientation would work as same as design before.

REFERENCES:

THE BIRD MODEL OF SKETCH MODEL OF THE SITE

204

COURTYARD

QUICK SKETCHES OF MODEL

The two floor structure facade would be made of smooth concrete, but the smaller structure facade would be done from as timber, the whole structure would still stand on concrete base. The walk before the building would be done of timber tiles and the ground inside the courtyard would be from grass.

THE VISUAL OF ONE OF THE MODELS

205

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 2 - MASSING

DESIGN PROCESS After teacher suggestion, precedent of school structure was bring to the front. There were not much information about the actual school project, but it was possible to see few models done for it. It clearly represented similar landscape location as mine, and showed one floor structure that would sort of become part of the landscape. These buildings would be long and narrow and between them would be closed space, creating large size courtyards. Something similar that was done before.

REFERENCES:

GESAMTSCHULE FLIMS (KIDS SCHOOL MODEL)

206

SITE PLAN WITH PROPOSAL

By playing around with 3D model possibility of structure becoming part of landscape was discovered. All the east buildings could actually come out of the landscape, and the green roof idea was proposed, hiding the roofs completely out of landscape. Driving by the road the building would become hard to notice and they would become the part of landscape, as well they would not block the view across the mountain.

BIRD VIEW TO REFLECT THE LANDSCAPE CONNECTION WITH THE ROOF.

207

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 2 - MASSING

DESIGN PROCESS There were more experiments done with possible layout of this one floor structure. The only element that stayed the same was mostly the size of the building and that it will have a courtyard in front of it. Everything else was slightly unclear. Some of ideas proposed to have a structure on the roof, that could become something like a shed in order to take care of roof, or something maybe with more relaxing purpose. But they idea was kept. Experiments helped a lot to understand all the possibilities for the courtyard house in that scale and shape.

REFERENCES:

EXPERIMENTS WITH SKETCH MODELS

MODEL MAKING

Models are made of white card, by cutting each of them out and gluing smaller pieces to it.

208

LANDSCAPE GLAZED WINDOW GREEN ROOF

CONCRETE BASE

The approximate shape and location of the building started to become more clear in mind but not exactly as visible piece. It was necessary to create model to better understand how exactly would building sit inside the landscape. The model 1:200 was created to discover how building will become part of it.

MODEL MAKING The model was done from timber slices, with plaster to show the concrete, and some grey and white card for the actual building structure.

LANDSCAPE MODEL WITH PROPOSAL IN IT

209

TIME: 6 February

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 2 - MASSING

CRITICS

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT TUTORIAL

JAMES PAYNE - studio teacher IRENE DJAO-RAKITINE - ETH Zurich teacher

10 Min tutorial with landscape architect to discuss the buildings locations in site and possible access points. The feedback mentioned, to be more sensitive to the landscape, as possibly propose buildings in different hight relating with the landscape. As well as possible to have some sort of access in front of the building, or possible staircase. It was mentioned that site plan was not enough clear to understand the relationship with access and the actual ground level and heights.

210

211

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 2 - MASSING

DESIGN PROCESS Looking back to the whole landscape was important to understand where will be all the locations of the buildings. As before they are mostly focused by the road and in central part, where the ground is flat in order to keep the access possible and not too complicated. Also mayor problem was to locate them perfectly so the ground would connect with the roof, not too much and not too less. The drawing below shows, what would be possible to see from the ground and what will be possible to see from the actual building. As you can see buildings extension on roof will be the most visible element, and courtyard will nearly disappear between the ground and the roofs. The model on right side shows clearly building locations, then again there will be more of them, and this model works more likely as just a sketch model. Model made of thick brown card stuck together in many layers. Buildings done from white thick white card.

3D SKETCH VIEW TO SHOW CONNECTION WITH THE GROUND AND THE LANDSCAPE

212

3D LANDSCAPE MODEL OF THE WHOLE SITE EXLUDING

213

REFERENCES:

214

The final idea for the massing brief was, concrete building with timber extension in middle and green roof that connects with the landscape. The base would be created from rough quality concrete, while were the building would start it would be more smooth. The extension would be created from the timber, to represent the idea of trees surrounding the buildings.

215

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 2 - MASSING

ACCESS TO BUILDINGS Because of dramatic landscape, there were lot of issues with the access to the buildings. It was important to try to keep the sequence of similar accessibility, and as simple as possible for the user. Although the slope landscape changes, and 50% of building design to be part of landscape made it slightly complicated. In early stage it was proposed to have road coming in from main road, where you could park your car. Then a stair case would take you about 3-4m above the building, to top the landscape, to narrow walk. Going trough this walk, you would be able to access by staircase to your building. It would become very complicated access for disabled, the ramp would be necessary for two locations. But it was important to keep in mind that idea behind the building was, that landscape comes on the roof, and any other possible access could possibly destroy this.

216

EARLY SKETCH SHOWING THE ACCESS TO THE BUILDINGS

SECOND OPTION (GRAY TONE THE ACCESS TO BUILDING)

The other idea was to have a small road before the buildings, that would gain perfect access options and no ramps would be required. Although it would completely destroy landscape idea, behind this building.

217

RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

SIDEWALK AND GREEN AREA

CAR ACCESS TO BUILDINGS REFERENCES:

WALK-ABLE ACCESS

CAR ACCESS TO BUILDING

BUILDING LOCATIONS

There are stairs by the building that leads you to top part of ground, where you have long narrow walk in middle of the buildings, and staircases that runs down inside the each of the building.

There is a road leading slightly down from main road, to the concrete block that buildings sits on. Around you have side walks, and closer to edge you have a green zone, this whole location is also for the parking

All the buildings are located close to the main road, for easy access. They all are separated by 3-5 and doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t block for each other a view as each line is in different level of ground. All the buildings are slightly turned to east side, for that there are two reasons, geographical location on the ground, for ground to meet the roof, and morning east sun accessibility to buildings front face.

218

SITE PLAN OF PROPOSAL

219

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 2 - MASSING ENGINER / MATERIAL TUTORIALS CRITICS JAMES PAYNE - studio teacher ENGINER GEORGE FEREDAY - materials and fabrications expert

STRUCTURE ENGINEER FEEDBACK The tutorial with structure engineer was quick and straight to the point. Its possible to create large concrete base and attached the building on it, as you can see in drawing in left, but he suggested to maybe have another floor in it , as to not waste the possible space. There were also quick discussion about the insulation, but that will be qualified later one, when the project will closer to final decision.

GEORGE FEREDAY FEEDBACK After discussion about the materials, few options were chosen in order to achieve the planed ideas about materials and companies that could provide with the necessary material or effect.

220

Timber / interior Could use chemically modified timber, to gain the quality and colour that is needed. From company called “accoya” could gain warm yellow or pale brown timber tiles. Sikkens would be the best for simple using timber stain to archive the colour, for inside interior.

ROUGH CONCRETE BASE

221

Precast

Could use tiled concrete with Bush-hammer to create the texture. Also to use chemical/ retain dents for the quality. And in final to use Polyurea coating for quality, abrasion resistance, waterproofing, decoration and other feautures.

To gain the texture, and rough of the material. Same time the tiles, you can use graphic concrete and could use company called “Reckli” with that you would be able to make it look like anything you want graphically.

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 3 - COURTYARD DESIGN

OVERVIEW The next brief was focused on the detail of the building. Specificity for courtyard building, that would be the actual main courtyard. It was sort of relief to actually work with the housing detail not just shape and forms. The way we were asked to do it, was to work with large size models and create inside photos of the space, and after working with collage in order to archive the surrounding.

222

223

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 3 - COURTYARD DESIGN

BRIEF 3 Courtyard project was started with large amount of sketching. Mostly focusing on the window possibilities and the defence in the middle. At this point it seem to become slowly twin building. What wasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t exactly the most efficient way of using space. The awkward wall in middle also was not helping. Another strong problem was the actual size of the building at this point, as the courtyard just by itself was 10m long.

GREEN ROOF

TIMBER FACADE

GLAZED RAILING

REFERENCES: SOFT CONCRETE STONE CLADDING

224

ELEVATION OF POSIBLE BUILDING DESIGN

225

DIFFERENT TYPE OF SKETCHES

REFERENCES:

226

Wide open full storey hight windows, with large drop inside and timber framing around. The building made from smooth concrete and the roof is grass.

227

REFERENCES:

228

Concrete facade, with wide full storey high openings. Gravel as the ground and perfect view to the Russian mountain. The wall that separates from other side followed the same style as the buildings facade.

229

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 3 - COURTYARD DESIGN

DIFFERENT REFERENCES

REFERENCES: REFERENCES: 1. HTTP://WWW.TRENDIR.COM/HOUSE-DESIGN/UNDERGROUND_HOMES/ 2. HTTP://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/TAG/ADIRONDACK/ 3. HTTP://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/602097/ COURTYARD-HOUSE-AILEEN-SAGE-ARCHITECTS/54ECCC24E58ECE5598000009_COURTYARD-HOUSE-AILEEN-SAGE-ARCHITECTS_02JPG/ 4. HTTP://OHT-WEBCONTENT.S3.AMAZONAWS.COM/HIDDEN_HOUSE_IN_LOWER_SILESIA_POLAND.JPG

230

1. UNDERGROUND_HOMES

This building is in very similar condition, located in middle of mountain, by beautiful view across the tree line. It has little courtyards inside and some roof lights. The simple materialistic and natural material decisions are also exciting and connects with the surrounding.

Single floor building, completely uses the surrounding landscape, brings different materials in the table and has walk able roof with handrails around. It creates also spaces between the landscape and the actual building, focusing also on sun conditions.

2. LAKESIDE RETREAT / GLUCK+

There was interest in courtyard that would feel like an open space, and would be accessed from all sides, as well would give great view perspective. Not forgetting that roof would be walk-able.

4. HIDDEN HOUSE IN LOWER SILESIA POLAND

231

3. COURTYARD HOUSE

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 3 - COURTYARD DESIGN

EARLY COURTYARD MODEL The first model reflecting to brief was done quick 1:50 model. Just to experiment with the windows and the sizes of actual courtyard. The window on external facade was cut-out in middle with the timber frame, but courtyard side windows, were full hight, and were same size as the doors. Doors hight central in middle of courtyard. Eventually it proved that windows are slightly too small and courtyard size is also meant really only for 2 people. It gave question of enlarging the whole building in front to capture more space and make courtyard deeper. The size of model also wasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t efficient and rather 1:33 or 1:25 was more likely required.

REFERENCES:

232

SKETCH MODEL OF THE FRONT FACADE

SKETCH MODEL OF THE WHOLE BUILDING

1:75 Model was done, to explore more the main courtyard and the extension on the roof with other courtyards inside the building. The idea about cut out windows in central part of wall were applied to both front and courtyard facade. Other courtyards were located by the sides or one was located in central part of the building, by the entry point. Model perfectly showed that rest of the courtyard sizes are too small. They would capture small amount of light, and are required much bigger. Then again the front facade works well. Like windows craved out of stone.

MODEL MAKING Both models are made of very thick card for the base walls, and then yellowish grey card is used for window sides and doors. white card for the floor.

233

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 3 - COURTYARD DESIGN

REFERENCE - SOUTA / DE LA MOURA The architect have worked with landscapes that constantly are changing or buildings that are overhanging the landscape. This is the same condition as mine building. The buildings in photos are single story high residential buildings, and it gives great sense of space and how they sit in landscape. Also the material decisions are important, to connect with surrounding nature. Specific interest was how dose the building connect with the landscape, and what are the opportunities for the access to the building.

REFERENCES: REFERENCES: 1. HTTP://WWW.INTERIORREDESIGNSEMINAR.COM/WP-CONTENT/UPLOADS/2013/08/ PONTE-DE-LIMA-EDUARDO----------------------_. JPG 2. HTTP://WWW.ARCSPACE.COM/CROPUP/468X-/MEDIA/268703/BRAGA_STADIUM_4.JPG 3. HTTP://QE1PR67O4HJ19LX494TVHIWF. WPENGINE.NETDNA-CDN.COM/WP-CONTENT/UPLOADS/2011/03/04_HOUSE-INMOLEDO-CAMINHA-PORTUGAL.JPG 4. HTTPS://WWW.PINTEREST.COM/ PIN/45599014947521238/

234

1. HOUSING PORTUGAL HOUSE IN PONTE DE LIMA BY EDUARDO SOUTO DE MOURA

2. BRAGA STADIUM

3. OLEDO COCINA

4. HOTEL & CATERING SCHOOL

235

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 3 - COURTYARD DESIGN

REFERENCE - THOMAS DEMAND Before working with large scale models, it was great influence to look at Thomas Demands work. He creates large scale models, to its perfect condition. Its incredible to look at the quality of each model and compare it with real life condition. The difference is very small, it was something that I was targeting my work to look like. Also it was interesting to look how the light is organized in these model photos and that simple detail really matters, and gives you more sense of realism in your model.

REFERENCES: REFERENCES: 1. HTTP://WWW.LABOITEVERTE.FR/WP-CONTENT/UPLOADS/2013/03/THOMAS-DEMAND-PHOTOGRAPHE-04.JPG 2. HTTP://WWW.SAATCHIGALLERY.COM/ AIPE/IMGS/DEMAND/FLUR.JPG

236

THOMAS DEMAND, EMBASSY II, 2007, 320 X 228CM

THOMAS DEMAND, CORRIDOR

237

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 3 - COURTYARD DESIGN

RICHARD SERRA, MATERIALS Richard serra work inspired me when it comes about material decisions. The options what you can do with the material are enormous and it becomes a craft to put the right ones together. I was focused on finding the right decisions, when it comes about showing my buildings base, the actual building and how it connect with the rest of the landscape.

LAKE HOUSE

REFERENCES: REFERENCES: 1. HTTP://CEO.CA/WP-CONTENT/ UPLOADS/2012/12/RICHARD-SERRASTRIKE-TO-ROBERTA-AND-RUDY-CORDENSTEEL-1969-1971.JPG 2. HTTP://WWW.SAATCHIGALLERY.COM/ AIPE/IMGS/DEMAND/FLUR.JPG

3. HTTP://WWW.AROUNDKITCHEN.COM/ WP-CONTENT/UPLOADS/FULLRES-4.JPG

238

RICHARD SERRA MATERIALS

239

RICHARD SERRA MATERIALS

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 3 - COURTYARD DESIGN

EARLY COURTYARD MODEL The first big model was done on scale 1:25. Only do discover the front of the house including the windows and the doors. The idea about only one window on front facade cut in middle was left, also full ceiling high. The courtyard is located slightly inside the ground and there is 3 steps access to the courtyard from the doors. Both sides have full length glazed doors, that are the same size as the front doors. Its chosen to have outside facade from concrete and inside courtyard facade from ash colour timber. The extension on the roof will also created from same ash timber, and the roof is green roof, to connect with the landscape.

REFERENCES:

240

FIRST TRY OF THE MODEL

The latest model is done with all 3 floor. The base that is transformed into basement is done with tiled square concrete and slightly shorter windows, because to expect that facade will be deep inside the ground and windows will end up close to the level of ground outside. The ground floor is done with smooth concrete to present the main body of the structure. The extension on the roof is done from timber tiles, same as the courtyard facade. The first floor windows are all done the same size and presents the idea of cut out in stone. The windows are with double glazed and centralized and the extension above windows size is the same as door frame size. Extension also have side opening and it works as Juliet window. The floor will be made of dark brown timber tiles, but the ceilings will have slightly lighter and smaller width, to reflect the idea of light. The walls will stay as a concrete, or possibly might change later, as design progress. The furniture presents same material topic and is done from pre caste concrete and timber tiles around it. The model at this point is unfinished, its still requires the inside furniture and the stairs leading both to first floor and basement. But deeper plan specification is required and model creation is stooped until this matter.

MODEL MAKING Both models are made of thick white card for the all walls, then wooden by hand cut wood pieces for windows and doors. The wall texture is done with texture printed on tracing paper and stuck with spray mount on top if it. It was done in order to archiev the texture behind. SECOND FINAL MODEL (PROGRESS)

241

REFERENCES:

Smooth concrete walls, with dark brown timber flooring and lighter timber cladding on ceilings to present the idea of light. Turning to your left you get more closed space, possibly relaxing spot, and turning right, its a perfect spot for the kitchen of strong light coming in. The middle courtyard gives beautiful view to Russian mountain.

242

243

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 3 - COURTYARD DESIGN

BRIEF 3 After resolving the front courtyard it was time to take care of the rest of the building. To arrange it for the most flexible use for the user. The first layout of the flat gave a great space of lobby and two smaller lobbies that were leading to central part of the building, leaving both sides bedrooms and utilities, and in middle courtyard that is located just by the extension on the roof. Deeper inside the building you would have in left side living room and in right side kitchen, while middle part stays as open space with stairs to basement and main courtyard, that is central space of the building. The second layout play with the bedrooms, and tries to reach more possible bedroom number, while also playing around with furniture and locations, otherwise nothing else changes.

REFERENCES:

244

BATHROOM LIVING ROOM

BEDROOM

ENTRY

COURTYARD

LOBBY

BEDROOM

COURTYARD

KITCHEN TOILET

SKETCH OF THE PLAN OF THE BUILDING

TOILET

BEDROOM

LIVING ROOM

LOBBY

COURTYARD

ENTRY

COURTYARD

BEDROOM

TOILET

BEDROOM

SKETCH OF THE PLAN OF THE BUILDING 2#

245

KITCHEN

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 3 - COURTYARD DESIGN

BRIEF 3 The first plan gives still great space of lobby, leaving on left side two bedrooms, that both have courtyards and in right side bedroom with bathroom. In the middle you have small courtyard and by the right side of courtyard you have a lobby, leading to the other spaces. Still the kitchen stays in right and living room in left, bringing very generous free space in middle connecting with the courtyard outside. The second layout plays with the bedrooms, giving them more space and takes away the middle courtyard, giving more space of courtyard for bedrooms, the right side stays the same. The only different after is the staircase location to the basement. Still both layouts, seem to be slightly too complicated, especially two bedroom courtyard are not exactly working at the moment. Also there is large number of stairs, that should be decreased.

ENTRY POINT

FRONT DOORS

ROOF EXTENSION EARLY SECTION OF THE BUILDING

REFERENCES:

246

COURTYARD

LIVING ROOM

BEDROOM

LOBBY COURTYARD

ENTRY

COURTYARD

BEDROOM KITCHEN TOILET

SKETCH OF THE LAYOUT OF THE BUILDING 3#

COURTYARD

LIVING ROOM

BEDROOM

COURTYARD

ENTRY

LOBBY

BEDROOM

247

SKETCH OF THE LAYOUT OF THE BUILDING 4#

TOILET

KITCHEN

BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN OF THE BUILDING 4#

This layout instantly walking inside the house offers, great view trough the building, leaving in left side 3 bedrooms, two for family one probably for guest. Each one of them have private courtyard. Right side of the lobby are the storage with utility rooms. After lobby space, in same place stays kitchen and dinning room is moved now to left side. While living room is in middle left corner of the house. The both staircases are located in middle of the open space separating the living room from kitchen. The problem with this seem to be very small actual cloth space after walking inside the house. Also the courtyards does not seem to be enough big for bedrooms. On first floor you would have a little office space or left for the user to choose. The basement, offers gym room and entertainment room with two extra bedrooms in window side. The house seem to look very luxury, and there is possibility to loose space in basement, that is unnecessary.

248

FIRST FLOOR PLAN OF THE BUILDING 3#

GROUND FLOOR PLAN OF THE BUILDING 4#

249

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 3 - COURTYARD DESIGN

BRIEF 3 The outside facade will have two different faces. The lowest floor, that in early proposal was the concrete base for the building now will become functional floor with two smaller size windows slightly above the ground level. The material will be rough concrete tiles as earlier proposed to suit more with rocky rough landscape. Also as before the next floor will be ground floor with smooth concrete facade to reflex the main body of the building and the ground floor. In middle the courtyard will be located with a little concrete wall in front of it, that earlier proposal was the smooth concrete but might change to rough concrete, to loose the feeling of wall. The inside facade of courtyard will be ash timber tiles and the doors will be full hight glazed pocket doors. Top extension will stay as designed in model, except will change the ash timber to slightly browned timber, to more reflect the trees around. The drawing doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t exactly show enough well how the building will actually sit inside the landscape, as some of the parts, it will be much more inside the ground, and will give much more less opportunities for the light to the basement floor.

250

251

TIME: 6 February

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 3 - COURTYARD DESIGN

CRITICS

CRIT FEEDBACK

JAMES PAYNE - studio teacher OTHER TEACHERS

Crit before the Easters to discuss the courtyard design progress. Emphasis on A2 colour images of the interior and exterior of the outdoor space of the courtyard. In crit time, slight issues were with understanding the progress of the project, as the process was unclear. Most discussed was the interior. It was mentioned to change the staircase, to something that takes less space and is more functional. Also to loose entertainment room and gym in basement. Also there were issues with access to the building. In early proposed option for having a public walk road slightly above the hill behind the buildings, would be too complicated for disabled access.. But creating road behind the building, would destroy the connection of the landscape and buildings roof. Access was left to discuss later on. It was also mentioned to make plans, to relate more with the site around and that is necessary to have more sections, to better understand how the building will sit inside the site.

252

253

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 3 - COURTYARD DESIGN

BRIEF 3 The latest design have a new set of access, There is a lobby behind the building, that in one side have a building wall and in another the original cliff of the building. When you come inside the building on the left side you have a bedrooms with large own personal courtyards and in right side you have toilet and bathrooms. Deeper inside the house in the right side you have the kitchen and the dinning space, the middle part you have the staircase and the left side you have the living room with fire place. The middle of the building the courtyard stays, with some chairs.

BASEMENT FLOOR

The basement have two set of bedrooms, by the front facade and the windows. The basement also have bathroom and in other side the cold storage, for products or anything else (user needs)

254

GROUND FLOOR

FIRST FLOOR + ROOF

The top floor have a little relaxation space by the window, and one/two doors leading to the green roof that is connected with rest of the landscape. All the roof is green, but the “green zones” are walk-able and possible for relaxation or garden zones. 255

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 3 - COURTYARD DESIGN

BRIEF 3 The section shows different levels of the building, the top part is connected with the buildings roof. The lower ground that is in ground floor is connected trough lobby that runs by the mountain. The lowest part is the basement that connect with the lowest point of ground.

PUBLIC LOBBY GREEN ZONE

REFERENCES:

256

SECTION OF THE PROPOSED BUILDING

DETAIL DESIGN OF THE BUILDING

ROOF EXTENSION

GLASS HANDRAIL

257

GREEN ZONE

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING FACTORY VISIT

FACTORY OPTIONS

CAMBRIDGE PRE-CAST CONCRETE FACTORY

IGLASS FACTORY INWOOD FACTORY HG MATTHEWS BRICKWORKS LITTLEHAMPTON WELDING FACTORY FSE WELDING LONDON HOUSING SITES CAMBRIDGE ARCHITECTURAL PRECAST TRIP

The company design and manufacture large range of precast concrete and reconstructed stone units. They use bespoke timber moulds and detail drawings to achieve anything in their workshop spaces. They work starting with few kilograms to thirty tonnes of concrete. They work mostly with reconstructed stone, bespoke hand made one offs and reinforced structural units. Precast concrete You start with creating the mold, that is mostly done by wood, as its easy to work with, but it will last long and control the environment, its also light, so its easy to transform it, and lift it in the places. Then you poor the mixed concrete inside the mold, you can also use specific chemicals for any effect you want or simply acid etching to reveal the texture.

258

AGGREGATE FOR MIXING THE CONCRETE

MOULD MADE TO POUR A COMPLEXES CONCRETE POUR IN

ACID ETCHING TO REVEAL TRUE TEXTURE OF THE CONCRETE

FINISHED CONCRETE PIECES

259

BRIEF - RESIDENTIAL HOUSING DESIGN 4 - LANDSCAPE, BUILDING,INTERIOR

OVERVIEW The new brief is about everything done before, to putting together and creating the feeling of realism and how would the buildings and site actually work. In same time its very important to work in groups, to be able to pull the projects together, and create functional master-plan for the Kvarnholmen. In next page you will be able to see our group individually proposed housing districts. At this point we will have to design the access and connection between these housing projects.

REFERENCES:

260

261

REFERENCES:

262

263

REFERENCES:

264