Nanjing - H. Liying, Y. Zhang, J. Scherzl

Y U m E ng Zhang

AGE // 21

NATIONALITY // China

MAJOR // Environmentdesign TYPE // Non-vegetarian

FAVORITE // Beef

WARDROBE // 100 pieces

JU lia

AGE // 23

NATIONALITY // German MAJOR // Productdesign TYP // Vegetarian FAVORITE // Rice WARDROBE // 20 pieces

l i Y ing hU ang

AGE // 22

Location Diagram

Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu province, People’s Republic of China and the second largest city in the east China region, with a total population of 8,230,000. Situated in the heartland of the Yangtze River Delta, it has long been a major center of culture, education, research, politics, economy, transport networks and tourism, and legally remains the de jure capital of Republic of China which lost the mainland during the civil war.

Nanjing is the transportation hub in eastern China and the downstream Yangtze River area. Different means of transportation constitute a three-dimensional transport system that includes land, water and air. As in most other Chinese cities, public transportation is the dominant mode of travel of the majority of the citizens. As of October 2014, Nanjing had five bridges and two tunnels over the Yangtze River, which are tying districts north of the river with the city center on the south bank. http://news.xinhuanet.com/city/2012-10/09/c_123799207 htm (accessed on 18.09.16)

“Metropolitan area of Nanjing” by: http://www.people. com.cn (accessed on 18.09.16)

mEmorial hall

QiXia moUntain 2 hours by taxi

1. Nanjing street map https://www.google.de/maps/place/Nanjing (accessed on 18.09.16)

2. Climate Zone Map Peel, M. C. and Finlayson, B. L. and McMahon, T. A.: “Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification” by: http://people.eng.unimelb.edu.au/ mpeel/koppen.html (accessed on 19.09.16)

CEntral Bar

0.6 hours by subway

0.5 hours by subway 1

0.5 hours by taxi

2 hours by taxi

ZiJing mansion

XinJEKoU strEEt fangshan gEologiCal ParC

Climate zone map

That kind of climate is mostly found on the east coast of continents between 20° and 40° N and S latitude. The humid subtropical climate exists in the southeastern United States, southeastern South America; coastal southeast South Africa; eastern Australia; eastern Asia fro northern India through south China to Japan.

annual facts

Nanjing has a humid subtropical climate with four distinctive seasons and belongs to the three so-called „blast furnaces on the Yangtze-Kiang“. The summers are hot and humid at month average temperatures up to 28 °C (day temperatures to maximum 43 °C) and air humidity up to 81%; the winters are cold with month average temperatures of 2 °C. The climate is over the year humid.

http://en.weather.com.cn/weather/101190101.shtml (accessed on 21.09.16)

1. Nanjing weather forecast

http://en.weather.com.cn/weather/101190101.shtml (accessed on 21.09.16)

2. Hardiness Zone Map http://www.plantmaps.com (accessed on 23.09.16) 1

HENAN

ANHUI

JIANGSU

NANJING

Hardiness Zone Map

Nanjing is located in northern semitropics areas, which is a city with a great variety of current plant resources.

According to the picture, Nanjing belongs to 8 zone, and the soil pH of Nanjing ranges from 6.12 to 9.17. Farmers usually plant rice, wheat and corn in paddy fields depending on the season. For dry farmland, they usually plant soybean, corn, millet, rape, and sweet potato as well as a few cotton. Besides, you can find some special vegetables in Nanjing, such as Artemisia Selengensis and various edible wild herbs. Arround the 8 zone, there are generally 7 zone and 9 zone, with the minimum temperatures from -17.7 to 12.3 °C and -6.5 to -1.2 °C seperately.

http://www.jsagri.gov.cn (accessed on 24.09.16)

ZHEJIANG

-28.3 to -23.4 -23.3 to - 17.8 -17.7 to - 12.3 -12.2 to - 6.7 - 6.5 to -1.2 -1.1 to 4.4

Mean annual minimum temperature (°C)

5 6

7 8 9 10

Psychrometric Chart in nanjing

CITY: Nanjing

TIME: 15pm , Sept.23’16

DRY BULB TEMP.: 23.4°C

WET BULB TEMP.: 19.5°C

RELATIVE HUMIDITY: 74%

DEW POINT: 13gm/kgm

http://en.weather.com.cn/weather/101190101.shtml (accessed on 23.09.16)

1. Psychrometric Chart

https://www.shanbay.com/team/thread/3871/285772/ (accessed on 23.09.16)

2. Psychrometric Chart http://energyplus.net/weather-location/asia_wmo_re gion_2/CHN/CHN_Jinagsu.Nanjing.582380_CSWD (accessed on 23.09.16)

CHART

19.5° 23.4° 0.013° 73%

1

Localisation of Comfort Zone

The comfortable zone is indicated in the blue district in the diagram. The red dots area suggests the temperature and humidity of Nanjing. According to the diagram, the time that human being feel comfortable in Nanjing is around 415 hours in the whole year. In another word, there are 4.7% Comfortable Hours using Selected Strategies (415 out of 8760 hours).

Street map D&I Compound

This map contains the information around the School of Design and Innovation, such as the parking lot, Tongji Architecture Design Company, Tongji Square, and four streets.

We went around this district with other three groups to observe the sources of water pollution ,water absorption and water run off.

TJSquare

1. Street map D&I compound

2. Located source points D&I compound

Park

TJAD

Park

Siping Road Fuxin Road

TJSquare

ZhangwuRoad

Geolocation of source points

The left is the result of water info around D&I that we explored in rainy days. There are many sewages for rains and pollution water around buildings, so it can dry fast. However, there are three areas with no point source, such as Tongji Square. Besides, there are some pollution points, which is because there are many restaurants in Tongji Square, and people can not deal with garbage in time while it rains.

In conclusion, water-run-off system around D&I works well most of the time.

TJAD

Road

Park

Siping Road Fuxin

PassivE Cooling

Geolocation

Nanjing University has two main campuses: Gulou, Xianlin and besides the Pukou campus. The distance between Gulou and Xianlin campus is about 18 kilometres.

Xianlin Campus is located in the northeast of Nanjing, in the Xianlin Universities Town. The campus provides several dormitories for undergraduate, graduate students and teachers as well. The Xialin Campus provides not only single or shared rooms but also single or shared flats. For our analysis, we have chosen a single flat which might be reserved for teachers. http://www.nju.edu.cn/english/86/list.htm (accessed on 3.10.16)

1. Location of dorm in the Nanjing university campus

2. Dormitory in Xialin Campus http://school.cucas.edu.cn/Nanjing-University-93/accom modation/ (accessed on 3.10.16)

3. Room of a dormitory in Xianlin Campus http://dan-chinaadventure.blogspot.com/2011/03/xian lin-campus-nanjing-university.html (accessed on 3.10.16)

1

NANJING UNIVERSITY XIALIN CAMPUS

Legend:

Jiuxianghe East Road

Xialin Avenue

Location building Metro Station Entrance Xialin Campus

PassivE Cooling

The buildings have mostly six floors with three flats on one floor. Xianlin Campus is placed in a dry area. Around the campus are sandhills and the Jiuxiang River. The quality of the flats vary and they have future projects about more dormitories.

http://www.nju.edu.cn/english/86/list.htm (accessed on 3.10.16)

PassivE Cooling

Current orientation

The current orientation of the building is not well chosen. The annual wind direction is an east-south wind with blows around two hours per day. The wind speed in Nanjing varies from 0 up to 9 mph which feels like a calm and gently breeze. With an annual average wind speed of 7 mph and mostly blow out to the east-south direction Nanjing has over the year an equal wind flow. Therefore the wind is blocked by the building and get stuck in the rooms because the walls prevent the air flow. On account of this, the flat has no go ventilation and determine stagnant corners.

stagnant corner

1. Floor plan of three flats in a dormitory

2. Orientation of chosen flat with windflow

3. Improved orientation of flat wih better windflow

WEST

stagnant corner

FLAT 1

staircase no ventilation

mixing

PassivE Cooling

Improved orientation

If the building will be turned a few degrees to the west it would provide better air conditions. Additionally, it is recommended to add a window to enable a better air flow through the rooms. With an improved orientation, the wind can come directly in from the west-north and goes out to the east-south. Residents profit with less usage of air conditions and a better comfort zone.

FLAT1

EAST WEST

Massing & Orientation for Heating

The climate in Nanjing is extremely hot in the summer with 32°C. The flat gains additional daylight by reflecting light of buildings nearby which cause a well-balanced heat for every external wall. The massing for solar gain might be very high because of the additional heat gain from neighbour flats (graph no.2).

FLAT 2

FLAT 3

FLAT 1

1

1. Flat diagrammatic elevation with sun path, sun light and solar gain

2. Flat diagrammatic elevation with solar gain from surrounding flat

Diagrammatic elevation

The flat also influence each other. Therefore flat one gains heat from the surrounding flat as well and have to be considerd, too. In conclusion, the massing and orientation provide large amount of diffuse light and too much heat gain.

Diagrammatic elevation

This flat is in a thin building, with six floors. As the building is thin and tall, it reduces unwanted gains in hot climates, because the sun’s heat strikes more strongly on roofs than on walls in warm latitudes. But the orientation does not make good use of natural ventilation, so the windows can not help to reduce the unwanted solar gain which this flat has a lot.

1. Flat diagrammatic elevation with sun light and ventilation

2. Result of personal carbon footprint on 9th of october 2016 (http://www. footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/GFN/page/calculators/)

Carbon Footprint Calculation

Taking a closer look at each chapter the mobility section has the largest impact on my carbon footprint which is reasonable because of my aim to travel around. Like you can see in picture 1 my globetrotter lifestyle exhaust a lot of energy land. Sadly, the people’s and mine desire to travel rises frequently because of the cheap prices and opportunities the open market offers.

As I am vegetarian my food section is on an acceptable level like the other chapters.

Global carbon footprint

As I recently moved from Germany to China I calculated my carbon footprint for my current place of residence.

I’ve never had before a sustainability lecture in my hometown university and before I came to China I always thought about the worst case in terms of sustainability is China, funnily enough, my origin country is treating the world badly just the same as they do it here. For the demand of Germany, the residents would need actually three earths to continue this lifestyle closely followed by China who needs two earths, which is calculated by Global Footprint Network.1 Both countries have not enough biocapacity to cover the demand of human population like it is shown in graph 1. Concerningly, the graph of China’s ecological footprint is steadily rising since 70’s but the Biocapacity will be on the same level. If you have a look at the situation in Germany in graph 2 there was a relatively high ecological footprint but it started to lower from the 80’s. Afterwards, it is a steady flow of parallel graphs since 2000 and in terms of new invented technologies and changing awareness like the prohibition of free plastic bags in several cities in Germany since 1st of June 20162 there could be a decreasing graph for the future.

1. © 2016 Global Footprint Network. National Footprint Accounts, 2016 Edition

2. http://www.sueddeutsche.de/wirtschaft/selbstverpflichtung-plastiktueten-werden-kostenpflichtig-jetzt-wirklich-1.2967141 (accessed on 12th of October)

1. Total ecological footprint for China, http://www.footprintnetwork.org/ecological_footprint_nations/ecological. html (accessed on 9th of october 2016)

2. Total ecological footprint for Germany, http://www.footprintnetwork.org/ecological_footprint_nations/ecological. html (accessed on 9th of october 2016)

1 2

INEQUALITY BETWEEN SUPPLY AND DEMAND

RISING GRAPH SHOWS FAST Development IN SHORT TIME

PARALLEL GRAPH WITH BIG GAP SHOWS NO BALANCE

Possibilites to improve carbon footprint

Food consumption Paper waste Transportation Energy consumption

The abandonment of animal products might be incredible for people, but as a selfmade vegetarian, I can say it is possible everytime and everywhere. Just do it for yourself, not for others. In Germany becomes to be vegan-vegetarian more and more famous and not only because of a sustainable background but rather from a marketing motive, which is noticed by vebu, a veggie community in Germany.3 Finally to be a passive vegetarian changes more peoples behaviour than expected like I realize on my surroundings.

One big advantage of digitalization in terms of paper waste is less usage of paper products. Maybe we loose within this development nostaligic feelings when we rather hold an old and moldy book than a technical soulless product. Buying a new book everytime is less sustainable than buy it second hand or purchase an ebook reader. For me I started to use for my shopping an app on my smartphone instead of writing it on a paper. Additionally I bought an handkerchief for every case of need.

In Shanghai with an elaborate metro network provides a good accessibility overall the city. The price of each ride is relatively low in Shanghai than in Munich, Germany with 19rmb per ticket. Therefore riding with public transportation is more attractive for residents when the costs are affordable. I try to walk often as possible and organize my trips well to avoid unneccessary rides.

Autumn season already started and it is getting colder in our flat. For lowering my energy consumption I wear more pullovers and warm socks than usual instead of turning on the air conditioner. Avoiding bad air conditions is also a nice side effect and in the end it is a pleasant and easy way to reduce energy consumption.

Eating habits

Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4

Oatmeal with soymilk, apple, almonds

Oatmeal with soymilk, apple, gojibeeries, almonds

Pad Thai with noodles, onions, carrots, egg, peanuts, lemon

Rice with Tofu, Pepper, cabbage, sesame

Dumplings filled with pak choi and mushrooms

Chinese wrap with egg, onions, soysauce, cracker

Oatmeal with soymilk, apple, almonds

JUlia

AGE // 23

NATIONALITY // German MAJOR // Productdesign TYP // Vegetarian FAVORITE // Rice WARDROBE // 20 pieces

Rice with Tofu, Pepper, cabbage, sesame dragonfruit

Rice with eggplant

Rice with eggplant and potatoes

Rice with Tofu, Pepper, sesame

banana, piece of chinese bread

orange, pineapple, piece of waffle, mangosmoothie

Rice with eggplant

Chinese wrap with egg, onions, soysauce, cracker

Recalculated carbon footprint

I improved my carbon footprint with loosing 0.3 global hectares because of reducing my way by train and by taxi this week.

Slavery Footprint

Is it weird to say I am glad that “just” 23 slaves work for me? If you compare it to other results it is not that bad. But in terms of slavery one slave is already too much. When you take the average score for the women in Shanghai into account the reason, therefore might be very clear. I assume that the clothes industry has the most impact on this result. But the customers should not be blamed at all because actually, the marketing is here one of the worse players. With constantly changing fashion seasons the clothing industry wants to tempt the naive customers to buy the latest trends just because be acceptable for the society. We should not let us be treating like marionette only for society, bad quality and short life products and worse working conditions.

1. http://slaveryfootprint.org (accessed on 9th of october 2016)

Where are my clothes made?

GERMANY // SHOES

GERMANY // HOMETOWN

TURKEY // SKIRT GREECE // LONGSLEEVE

Tags of clothes

Ihin Etratum. et vehenitam mendior interunt o conves opostra caet intesul tenatiqua sper qua Sena, esse con nostem condam dius, se nos, quemusq uiditis tandam. Egit. Quo intem or loc viliam. Vatum silnesce cora? Catorbem tem inpraris consultodie cepos hortion sultus.

Etraet; nirivideferi coena, ut gra is, que tuid prit ato essatilin senica talernim omnihiliu cam aurbit; nihicae publium popotem quampopultu sed sulocae intium ium pat Catebus hil vidii pato unu que iamdit, cae, pro ium et Cati seniculium omnoraelius conloca uropublis iam et, con duciemor aute quemoentes! Ir locum etrum P. Git, quodis probsentimis sistro mo consultuam est grae, si ceritiusquiu vent, ciem, menit? Ti sum, sintil condem dem vili, que rei se pat quonsu silinate vis optere, C. Serdit C. Ostem

Carbon Footprint Calculation

As I am a college student now, I do not have to afford much of mobility or shelter, which is mainly paid by my parents. In another word, I even need 1.2 earth in my lifestyle with only food and goods.

It occurs to me that I must change my lifestyle, because what I do hurts our earth.

Global carbon footprint

Although in my lifestyle, it cost less global hectares than usual Chinese, but it is because I do not have to afford much of mobility or shelter, which is mainly paid by my parents. In another word, I even need 1.2 earth in my lifestyle with only food and goods.

Possibilities to improve carbon

Food consumption Paper waste Transportation Plastic consumption

When we eat outside, we often order a lot of things, which are too much to eat so we often waste some food. If we can cook ourselves and share the food with our friends, we can benefit a lot. As we can choose a more balanced diet, more vegetables and less meat, which is good for both our health and our earth.

As a student majored in design, we used to use loads of papers to draw our ideas. This way is easy to indicate our inspiration, but the usage of paper wastes too much energy and resources of our earth. Thus, we can make good use of our tools like iPad or laptop to draw our ideas instead of papers.

In my opinion, if I have to take a train for more than 4 hours, I would like to take the airplane, because the prices are similar and I can save time. However, taking the train is better for our environment, and we can also do something on the train. Besides, just seeing the view out of the window is a really relaxing thing.

Plastic bags are the most common thing in people’s daily life. Every time people go shopping, they will want a plastic bag as long as it is not free. In the beginning of our semester, we get a cloth bag with our school’s logo. I think it is very nice and useful, I can take it when I go to a supermarket.

Eating habits

Coockie&Milk

Bread&Coffee

Coockie&Tea

Pancake&Soybean milk

Coockie&Coffee

Beef noodles

Baozi&Soybean milk

Chichen&Rice Mantou&Soybean milk

Baozi&Soybean milk

Pear&milk

Apple&milk

Tomato beef noodles

Chocolate&milk

Cheese egg sandwich Shrimp Wonton Bread&Milk

Pork&Green pepper&tomato&Green vegetables&Rice Roasted goose&Shrimp&Baozi Bread&Milk

Recaculated carbon footorint

Slavery Footprint

I am shocked when I receive such an e-mail which said 35 slaves work for me in my lifestyle. I assume the majority of reasons is on my clothes. My mother likes to buy beautiful clothes for me every season, because she likes to see I am in nice clothes. Thus I get used too often buying clothes. However, now I realised the fact, and I decide to reduce cost on my clothes in the future life.

Where are my clothes made?

CHINA // HOMETOWN

KOREA //COAT

VIETNAM // SHOES

Tags of clothes UniQlo

CoiinCos niKE

Carbon Footprint Calculation

If everyone in my way of living，they will need to 1.3 earth, so my way of life is not so an environmentally friendly. In addition, it also reminds me, where I didn’t notice that there are a lot of waste of resources.

Global carbon footprint

Today, the term “carbon footprint” is often used as shorthand for the amount of carbon (usually in tonnes) being emitted by an activity or organisation. The carbon component of the Ecological Footprint takes a slightly differing approach, translating the amount of carbon dioxide into the amount of productive land and sea area required to sequester carbon dioxide emissions. This tells us the demand on the planet that results from burning fossil fuels. Measuring it in this way offers a few key advantages.

On a practical level, the Ecological Footprint shows us how carbon emissions compare and interact with other elements of human demand, such as our pressure on food sources, the quantity of living resources required to make the goods we consume, and the amount of land we take out of production when we pave it over to build cities and roads. The carbon Footprint is 60 percent of humanity’s overall Ecological Footprint and its most rapidly growing component. Humanity’s carbon Footprint has increased 11-fold since 1961. Reducing humanity’s carbon Footprint is an essential step we can take to end overshoot and live within the means of our planet.

The Ecological Footprint framework enables us to address the problem in a comprehensive way, one that does not simply shift the burden from one natural system to another.1

1.http://www.footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/GFN/ page/carbon_footprint/

Possibilities to improve carbon

Food consumption Paper waste green clothing Food waste

Simple, it will make you healthier, happier, feeling younger and perhaps the most important, it will make you a much more friendly human being towards our planet Earth.We can always walk but I can assure you it will never be as fun as riding a bicycle!

In today’s electronic age, people are starting to consider going paperless. But there’s still a long way to go before we lose our dependence on this very important human product. Let us share with you these interesting paper waste facts. We are so used to seeing products in their completed form that we seldom think of how they are made and what happens after we dispose of them.

Green clothing is the European and American countries put forward a design idea in the early 1990 s. It from the perspective of environmental protection aims to design create a kind of pollution, an ecological environment conducive to human health. Here to talk about the green clothing design, material selection and development.

Food waste or food loss is food that is discarded or lost uneaten. The causes of food waste or loss are numerous and occur at the stages of production, processing, retailing and consumption.

Current estimates put global food loss In low-income countries, most loss occurs during production, while in developed countries much food about 100 kilogrammes (per person per year).

Recaculated carbon footorint

Slavery Footprint

I never thought there will be 46 slaves work for me, in some way I hardly realised. Comparing it to other results it seems too much. But when to take the average score for the women in Shanghai into account seems much more normal.

Where are my clothes made?

ITALY // SWEATER

VIETNAM // COAT

CHINA // HOMETOWN JAPAN//SHOES

Tags of clothes

aDiDas KaPPa ConvErs

Brainstorm ideas

Clean dishes to cook

It seems that dishwasher is not often used in Chines families, but once you browse online shop websites, you will see various dishwashers. After our research for dishwasher, we found that young people tend to own a dishwasher because they think washing dishes is boring and wastes much time. So now when Chinese move to a new flat, they tend to buy a dishwasher when decorating.

The sketch is about the whole life cycle of a dishwasher. For the part of materials, there are mainly two materials: plastic and metal. Because these materials are recycled, you can see on the right, it can be made into a desk when it is out of the use life. As people cook almost every day at home, so dishwasher works one or two times nearly everyday to provide clean dishes. Thus, it must be designed environmental friendly, or it will take loads of energy.

Materials of Dishwasher

DUtY CYClE

1. https://wiki.ece.cmu.edu/ddl/index.php/Dishwasher

2. http://www.madehow.com/Volume-6/Dishwasher.html

3. http://www.madehow.com/Volume-6/Dishwasher.html#ixzz4NVAMhFIp

Environmental impacts

Dishwasher manufacturers produce a range of lines of dishwashers and other appliances but no true byproducts. Waste is virtually eliminated by a thorough recycling program that includes metals, plastics, and paper. However, the majority of energy use is in the daily use. Therefore, the best way to save energy is to redesign ways that people use it. For example, we can design dishes with recipes to suggest that how to cook in fewer dishes, so that people can use dishwasher only once per day.

Redesign to reduce times of use

According to our research above, we find the most sustainable way is to make people use the dishwasher fewer times . One has to eat three meals every day, so it is a big consumption if one use dishwasher three times a day.

The picture on the right is our redesign plan. We add a storage area for dirty dishes, and people can put dirty dishes into it, but it will not be washed until 24 hours later. If so, we can reduce the times from three times per day to once a day, which is more friendly to our environment.

dirty dishes 24h

You can see the compare chart on the left, although the consumption of production in our redesign plan is more than the existing design, because of our added storage area for dirty dishes, the consumption of use is less than the existing one. Thus, from the whole perspective, our redesign plan is more sustainable.

Natural artifact: Narra Tree

family: Fabaceae Dipterocarpaceae (fly)

order: Fabales Location: - southeastern Asia and Africa - 1300 height above sea level - grows in evergreen forests

- found close to seashores

- adapted to the subtropical and tropical, sub humid/ humid lowlands

1. http://plantking.blogspot.com/2014/05/blog-post_5210.html (accessed on 18th of october)

2. https://globalfoodbook.com/18-medicinal-plants-for-treating-diabetes/ (accessed on 18th of october)

3. http://www.birdingphilippines.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/ IMG_16371.jpg (accessed on 18th of october)

1

OB SER VE

Find something cool. Use your deep observa&on skills and see if you can discern the strategy employed in this system.

- Func&on being met?

disc-shaped fruits wrap seeds in between seeds are posi&oned in the middle/center of rounded fruit fruit has winged margins for dispersal, seeds are spread beNer thick middle leave nerves are going around seeds and seems to fix them strongly like a brake round shape might enhance the flight, avoids anchor with surrounding on the water 1-3 seeds in each fruit

STR ATE GY (40 min )

Your thoughts? extensive surface for widely dispersal, take advantage of air buoyancy if it get water contact swim on the surface strong middle leave nerves for compact the „goods“ and reinforce protec&on

Team thoughts? rela&on to pregnant humans, dic&on of fruit looks like nutrient source looks like dumplings

Observation and Conclusion

The fruits of the narra tree are well-known by the residents of Asia. It belongs to the family of the Fabaceae and in terms of dispersal it is a Dipterocarpaceae. The seeds are spread by wind and can be done because of winged margins. Mostly plants take advantages of environment conditions for spreading seeds and inspires human being. A very famous one is the fruit Zanonia. Humans observed this plant and explored an innovative system for flying.

PRI NCI PLE S

Deeper Research

Pterocarous indicus „Narra tree“ Family: fabacae, Dipterocarpacea (type of fly dispersal) Loca&on: southern east Asia and Africa, grows in evergreen forests, found close to seashores, adapted to subtropical/ tropical and subhumid/humid lowlands

*Conclusive* Strategy winged margins: Wind dispersal because located in forest trees to avoid compe&&on with family members, colonize new habitats, minimize inbreeding floa&ng system because of air bulbs in cells

Design Principle/Strategy? compress: evacuate strategy, reduce weight and volume, &ght protect: influence from environment condi&ons prohibited (dirt, moisture,..) connec&on: seamless, welded manufacturing technique similar (backpacks) safety: large-scale, emergency helper for people in water, like life-ring

Life’s Principles locally aNuned to environment, take advantage of wind and water resource efficient by reproduc&on, wait un&l the fruit is decayed

Design strategies

When we thought about the strategy behind our chosen artifact, we found more and more design strategies which are already established on the open market and probably were inspired by these kind of plants.

Firstly we tried to determine some keywords of the system behind the narra tree fruit like Compress, protect, connection and safety. We found for most of the systems already examples accept for the safety field. Therefore we imagined a of a wreck ship, most of the people swim in the open sea and need to be rescued. For a fast way of rescuing we imagined about a extensive surface, filled with air bulbs between and in the center it includes a large bulb filled with food organized for longer supply.

Environmental Organizations

1.World Wide Fund for Nature or World Wildlife Fund http://www.wwfchina.org

2.EnErgY foUnDation http://www.efchina.org

3.Friend of Nature http://www.fon.org.cn

4.SFTool-Sustainable Facilities Tool https://sftool.gov

5.International Resource Panel http://www.unep.org/resourcepanel

6.lens-China www.lens-china.org

7.Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs (IPE) http://www.ipe.org.cn

8.Design for sustainability http://www.d4s-sbs.org

9.Society of Entrepreneurs&Ecology http://see.org.cn

10.Institute for Sustainable Communities http://www.iscchina.org