M. Quintanilla Environmental Portfolio

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Meat5000ft.aboveseelevel,climbingthe mountainofTecapaninAlegria.Jan2022

ABOUT ME

Mercedes G Quintanilla

FROM El Salvador

CURRENT LOCATION Atlanta, GA

EDUCATION

B.S. IN INTERIOR DESIGN (2006) The Art Institute of Ft. Lauderdale

M.ACH (77 CREDITS EARNED) Boston Architectural College

CREDENTIALS

LICENSED REAL ESTATE ASSOCIATE Atlanta, GA

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN (10 YRS)

INTERIOR DESIGN (6 YRS)

REAL ESTATE CONSULTING (6 YRS)

MY HOBBIES

I love traveling, meeting new people, and learning about other cultures, and history. I also like photography.

MEDIA

www.mercedesquintanilla.com Instagram: mercedesg.quintanilla

My name is Mercedes Quintanilla, I am a Designer and lifelong traveler based in Atlanta, originally from El Salvador, with over 15 years of experience leading architecture & interior design projects, from government and commercial facilities to residential. My design has a modern and transitional style, I love creating thoughtful and beautiful spaces and enjoy creating relationships with the vendors and the industry partners that help to make this field so rewarding.

I have been into a healthy lifestyle for over 10 years, and I wanted to bring that approach into my designs too.

So, In 2019 I started my learning journey in sustainable design. This journey brought me into what is called Biophilic Design, a holistic design approach that allows humans to reconnect with nature, providing healthier spaces that promote wellbeing and help people thrive. A design approach that also respects the environment.

So, now my goal is to bring back the human-nature connection into the built environment and create healthier spaces to live and work in through Biophilic Design.

CARBON & ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT

According to the carbon footprint calculator , my household emissions are lower than the U.S. average, which is 78,806 of household of 4 people.

My current total is 38,530 and after my planned actions it will be 36,400.

My planned actions are equal to:

> Saving 108 gallons of gas

> Planting 24 trees

> Recycling 687 tons of waste

> Estimated dollar savings $296

According to the ecological footprint calculator , my personal Overshoot Day is: JANUARY 30

Earth Overshoot Day (EOD) is the calculated illustrative calendar date on which humanity’s resource consumption for the year exceeds Earth’s capacity to regenerate those resources that year. For the rest of the year, we are maintaining our ecological deficit by drawing down local resource

stocks and accumulating carbon dioxide

Realizing this was very shocking, I wasn’t aware of the negative impact my actions had. My mobility had the biggest impact of all items measured since my commute time is about 2.30 hrs daily or more.

ART& CRAFTS MUSEUM,BOSTON,MA INTRODUCTION

INTEGRATED DESIGN ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS AND CLIMATE STUDY

CONTEXT

The Museum is located in Mission Hills, within a very distressed area, but its design is creating a walkway

area where visitors can reconnect with nature, and an opportunity to get away from a chaotic environment.

Image from NOAA Images from NOAA

Art&CraftsMuseum|InitialSketchedIdea

REGIONAL AND HISTORIC DESIGN PRECEDENT |ARCHITECTURE

Boston was founded by Puritan colonists in 1630. They brought Architecture from England, which transitioned into colonial-style when mixed with other styles such as Georgian architecture. The most common material used in these structures is granite and brick. Faneuil Hall embodied this style. It was opened in 1743, it was a community site for public speeches. Faneuil Hall is one

of four historic buildings in a festival marketplace, Faneuil Hall Marketplace, which includes three historic granite Market, and South Market adjacent to the east of Faneuil Hall, and which operates as an indoor/outdoor mall and food eatery. Its success in the late 1970s led to the emergence of similar marketplaces in other U.S. cities.

Is another historic building, built in 1898, it has served Boston community as a place for art education and enjoyment. It was built from the ground up in Boston out of new materials, incorporating numerous architectural fragments from European Gothic and Renaissance structures. Steel support structure original to the building.

Special tiles were custom designed for the floors, modern concrete was used for some of the structural elements, and antique capitals sit atop modern columns. The interior garden courtyard is covered by a glass roof, with steel support structure original to the building.

Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum

IsabellaStewartGardnerMuseumCourtyard

REGIONAL MATERIALS

WHITE CONCRETE

Light colored concrete is effective in reducing the “heat island effect” from buildings. Manufactured in Boston.

PERVIOUS CONCRETE

Pervious concrete is a material used in eco-friendly pavement for sustainable site development. Manufactured in Boston.

SAND

Transported by train from Ossipee, New Hampshire to Boston.

READY MIX CONCRETE WITH RECYCLED FLY ASH AND SLAG

Light colored concrete is effective in reducing the “heat island effect” from buildings. Manufactured in Boston.

TIMBER

Wood

STRUCTURAL STEEL

Manufactured

Harvested in Manchester, Maine.

in Boston.

Image from Boston Sand

Image fromRenew Lumber

Image from The Constructor

Image from Boston Sand

Image from Boston Sand

Image from Boston Sand

HOWTHEDESIGN EMBODIESTHE REGION WHERE ITIS LOCATED

The Arts and Crafts Museum at 25 Calumet Street in Boston creates a reinterpretation of the Urban Life, it makes a bold statement on the Mission Hills town where historic facilities dominate. But the design of this building does not reiterate this precedent, this is a building of its time.

The Museum is a multifunction center open to everyone, it welcomes the public and local artists and runs a

number of recreational and educational programs and has outfitted the facilities for physically challenged users. This project includes a public walking path around the building that can be used as an extension of the existing trail coming from Kevin W Fitzgerald Park located across the site, so it is accessible by bike, and by walking.

This part of town is very distressed and chaotic. Congested traffic, noise and air pollutants affects the site due to the major transit lines running along the major roads. So the design of the building intends to create opportunities for people to gather and reconnect with nature, it is a destination point ideal for everyone looking for a peaceful evening or relaxing day, a hidden gem in the middle of a chaotic town.

ECONOMIC HISTORY,POPULATION ANDINCOME STATISTICS

Images from City of Boston

Images from City of Boston

NeighborhoodinBoston.|Photobyadinwids

WALKABILITY

Boston is the most walkable large city in the US with a walk score of 94. Walkable neighborhoods are common in old towns of Boston, buildings are close to the street, with pedestrian scale circulations.

WALKING INITIATIVES

WalkBoston is an initiative that promotes community to evaluate the walking environment, develop plans to improve walking conditions, and encourage walking activities. They empower people with knowledge and proven strategies to make their own communities more walkable.

BIKEABILITY

4 3

Cycling in Boston , has been a popular activity since the late 19th century for both recreation and commuting, and it has grown in popularity in recent years, with a bike score of 71, aided by improving cycling infrastructure. There is a large network of conventional bike lanes. These lanes dedicate about five feet of space in the street for bicycling, more people have chosen to ride a bike to work, to the T, to farmers markets, or just for fun.

3 WalkBoston; https://walkboston.org/

Bostonin1897

4 Cycling in Boston: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycling_in_Boston

BostonBicycleNetworkMap

CLIMATE CONSULTANT |SUN SHADINGCHARTS SOUTH FACADE

The solar study at The Arts and Crafts Museum shows that 55° angle for overhang shading is necessary to prevent uncomfortable heat gains during the summer days. And indicates a 90° vertical fin angle, so there is No need for vertical fin.

Perforated Metal Canopy

This facade receives the most sun and needs the most intervention

This chart shows that a 40° angle for overhang shading and a 75° vertical fin angle is necessary to mitigate the heat gains during summer time.

Perforated Metal Fin

Perforated Metal Canopy

This elevation needs a 40° angle for overhang shading and a 70° vertical fin angle to mitigate the heat gains during summer time. Perforated Metal Canopy and Fin will be installed on this facade as well.

Images from Architectural Canopies

Perforated Metal Canopy

Perforated Metal Fin

NORTH FACADE

This chart shows 0° angle for overhang shading, so NO overhang is necessary. However a 70° vertical fin angle is needed to mitigate the heat gains during summer. Only the Perforated Metal Fin will be installed on this facade.

Perforated Metal Fin

PSYCHROMETRIC CHART

Per the Psychrometric Chart, the two most impactful strategies to achieve 100% comfortable indoor hours are:

> Heating, add Humidification if needed (4391 hrs). This represents 50.1% out of 100%.

>Internal Heat Gain (2037 hrs). With a 23.3% out of 100%.

HEATING

Controlling the heat gain is imperative to accomplish 50.1% indoor comfort mentioned above, as well as reducing heating costs. Passive solar heating is by far the most environmentally friendly way to heat a space. Other forms of heating such as gas and electricity generate greenhouse gases and other harmful emissions when produced by burning fossil fuels.

The key aspect of passive heating is to capture the right amount of sunlight through the windows and then to manage that free heat so that it keeps the building at a comfortable temperature.

The Arts & Crafts Museum building will have most of the glass walls facing South to maximize winter sun exposure, in addition to the overhangs to fully shade in summer.

THE MOSTIMPACTFUL STRATEGIES SECTION 07 | DESIGN STRATEGIES ENVIRONMENTAL PORTFOLIO | MERCEDES G. QUINTANILLA

INTERNAL HEAT GAIN

The major asset that windows provide to buildings is natural light. However, this could bring too much sun into the space, causing heat gain and high heating and cooling costs.

Per the Psychrometric Chart, by controlling the Internal heat gain the building could achieve 23.3% out of 100% indoor comfort. On this project, this will be accomplished by using Double Pane Low-E glazing (Low-e stands for emissivity) in all facades except the one facing South for maximum passive solar gain during winter days.

Having a low emissivity allows the windows to reflect radiant heat away from the building. In other words, Low-E windows help reflect heat, therefore, improve windows’ thermal performance, among other benefits.

HIGH PERFORMANCE GLAZING DIAGRAM

Image from Harvey Windows

COTE FRAMEWORK:ECOLOGY

ECOLOGY is important to maintain and restore the composition, structure, and processes of ecosystems including diversity of plant and animal communities. One of the ways this development is taking measurements to support those ecosystems is by using of Native Plants. By creating a native plant garden, each patch of habitat becomes part of a collective effort to nurture and sustain the living landscape for birds and other animals. When selecting native plants, the costs of maintenance is reduced, because native plants are adapted to local environmental conditions, they require far less water, saving time, money, and perhaps the most valuable natural resource, water. In addition, these plants can combat climate change, they are effective at storing the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide.

COTE FRAMEWORK:WATER(CONTINUED)

The intention of the project in terms of water was to maximize the use of rainwater to reduce maintenance costs, that is why the building was designed with rainwater harvesting capabilities.

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Rainwater harvesting has many benefits but the main one is that is a sustainable water management practice that can be implemented by anyone on many different levels, from a simple rain barrel to a comprehensive

rainwater harvesting system that integrates with an irrigation system or household plumbing. Harvested rainwater is the perfect candidate for irrigation use in addition to so many other water uses.

DESIGNING FOR ECONOMY

CALCULATION - CIRCULATION RATIO

BEFORE AND AFTER ANALYSIS

USER INTERACTION

How Cost-effective strategies informed overall design?

The main construction materials of the Museum building are Glass, Metal curtain wall and reinforced concrete. When designing this building the intention was to create an industrial design that represents the artistic activities happening in the interior, a building that celebrates modernity and innovation.

After running the estimate using the online RS Cost estimating tool, I realized that the materials chosen were not cost effective at all, these materials can be found locally in the Boston area but even when they are sourced locally, they are not that cost effective. The estimate to build the project is $31,265,668.5, equivalent to $1,756.50/ s.f. and this does not include finishes and/or FF&E, it is just to build the

COTE FRAMEWORK:ECONOMY

DESIGN FOR ECONOMY

When Design for economy is a major focus on a project development, the building itself provide financial rewards for building owners, operators, and occupants. The building typically has lower annual costs for energy,

water, maintenance/repairs, and other operating expenses. The Museum building is having an estimated operating cost reduction of just $488.40 / year from utilities savings by applying renewable energy strategies.

Strategies for reducing operating costs were not implemented in a way to make a positive impact in a yearly basis. Therefore, exploration and/or implementation of other strategies is necessary.

COTE FRAMEWORK:ENERGY

COTE FRAMEWORK:ENERGY(CONTINUED)

DESIGN FOR ENERGY

Reducing the building carbon footprint is important because it mitigates the effects of global climate change, improves public health, boosts the global economy, and maintains biodiversity. When we cut carbon emissions, we help ensure cleaner air, water, and food for our generation and for generations yet to come. Understanding how important this is,

we evaluated the energy consumption of this building, and the calculations showed a predicted annual energy consumption of 23,912 Kbtu with a 27,672 Kbtu measured, and a predicted operation carbon use of 1,408 (kg-CO2/ yr) and 4,913 (kg-CO2/yr) measured, therefore increasing the operational carbon.

CONCRETE STUDY|RESULTS PER LIFE CYCLE STAGE

RESULTS PERLIFE CYCLE STAGE,ITIMIZED BY DIVISION

ASPECTS OF CONCRETE ASSEMBLY

The chart shows several environmental impact categories, these categories measure the environmental impact risk associated with emissions and fuel used in concrete from manufacturing to end of life.

GLOBAL WARNING POTENTIAL

Chart shows that concrete has a negative impact to the environment with all positive numbers, there is no benefit to the environment in using this material, concrete can’t not absorb carbon. It has a 40% in maintenance and replacement, concrete demands a lot to be maintained, this maintenance causes gas emissions, such as carbon dioxide and methane, therefore causing an increase in the absorption of radiation emitted by the earth, increasing the natural greenhouse effect.

ACIDIFICATION POTENTIAL

Also shows high percentages around the product itself (39%) and its maintenance (41%), which means that its emissions can cause acidifying effects (increase of Hydrogen concentration in the presence of water) to the environment, thus decreasing the PH value. Potential effects include fish mortality, forest decline, and the deterioration of building materials.

EUTROPHICATION POTENTIAL

shows the higher percentage (65%) around the maintenance and replacement which means that maintaining/replacing this material may produce excessive high levels of macronutrients (nitrogen & phosphorus) which may cause an undesirable shift in species in both

aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The product itself along with the finishes don’t have a negative impact to the environment when compared to the maintenance section.

SMOG FORMATION POTENTIAL

This category measures the ground level ozone caused by chemical reactions between nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in sunlight. The chart shows a high percentage (48%) around the product itself, which means that the concrete itself has components with the potential to affect human health, some of the health effects can result in variety of respiratory issues, and permanent lung damage, in addition to the ecological impacts like damage to ecosystems and crops.

NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY

This category measures the energy extracted from non-renewable resources (e.g. petroleum, natural gas, etc.) contributing to the PED. Non-renewable resources are those that cannot be regenerated within human time scale. The chart shows the higher percentage (53%) in the maintenance and replacement division, this means that maintaining or replacing concrete demands a lot of non-renewable resources. The product itself and the finishes have a lower percentage (26% % 10%), these two divisions do not demand a lot of non-renewable resources compared to the maintenance but with such a high percentage in the maintenance section concrete has a negative impact to the environment.

CONCLUSION

Cement industry is one of the main producers of carbon dioxide, a potent greenhouse gas, therefore there is no benefit to the environment when using concrete in a construction project.

ENVIRONMENTAL PORTFOLIO | MERCEDES G. QUINTANILLA

WOODSTUDY|RESULTS PER LIFE CYCLE STAGE

RESULTS PERLIFE CYCLE STAGE,ITIMIZED BY DIVISION

ASPECTS OF WOOD ASSEMBLY

The chart shows several environmental impact categories, these categories measure the environmental impact risk associated with emissions and fuel when usind wood in the built envrionment.

GLOBAL WARNING POTENTIAL

Per the chart, wood shows a positive environmental Impact with such as high negative percentage (-142%), it means that the product itself has the capacity to absorb carbon from the environment, providing a huge benefit to the planet. The end-of-life section has a high footprint (69%) due to the processing and composition of wood products, but it offers credits because it is a recyclable material. The maintenance

of wood, per this chart, represents only 13%, which means that the product maintenance does not impact in a negative way the environment at all.

ACIDIFICATION POTENTIAL

The chart shows low percentages in each section when compared with concrete, wood has a lower acidifying effect, the higher percentage is in the maintenance and replacement section (33%), which means that the product maintenance has a higher impact in acidification than the finishes and product itself with 21%. Wood end of life may impact the environment as well, it may decrease the PH value by 28%. Wood is recyclable, so the module D also show some credits within the

negative range, which impacts beyond building life cycle.

EUTROPHICATION POTENTIAL

Chart shows a higher percentage around the maintenance and replacement section (35%) which means that the maintenance has the potential to produce high levels of macronutrients (nitrogen & phosphorus), the next in line would be the end of life, both the wood composites and finishes can also contribute with eutrophication, but when compared with concrete, wood provides less impact.

SMOG FORMATION POTENTIAL

This category measures the ground level ozone caused by chemical

reactions between nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in sunlight. The chart shows the higher percentage (36%) around the maintenance, probably because maintenance products may have components with the potential to affect human health.

NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY

This is another category where the used of wood offers a positive impact to the environment by showing a negative number in the Module D section (-28%). It has the potential to be reused, recovered, and recycled as well. There is a lot of benefit to use wood in the built environment, wood is a renewable resource within a human time scale.

CONCLUSION

Not only is wood efficient, but it is also stronger than steel (by weight). It’s naturally resistant to nearly all household chemicals and can outlast most other building materials with the proper care. Nothing else is as sturdy while also being warm, easily finished, flexible, and of course beautiful. The benefits to the environment when wood is being used in construction are endless.

ENVIRONMENTAL PORTFOLIO | MERCEDES G. QUINTANILLA

Image from Think Wood

TheBarn,California

EPD’S CALCULATION FOR CONCRETE & WOOD USINGTHE EC3TOOL

EPD WOOD EPD

Table above shows the ranges of concrete global warming impact potential per 1 cubic yard. The range of impact is bewteen 227.5 to 361.2 kgCO2e / yd3.

Table shows the ranges of wood global warming impact potential per 1 cubic yard. The range of impact is bewteen 227.5 to 361.2 kgCO2e / yd3.

ENVIRONMENTAL PORTFOLIO | MERCEDES G. QUINTANILLA

CONCRETE

TYPES OF SEARCH FOR PRODUCTEPD’S USINGTHE EC3TOOL

COMPARISON BY MANUFACTURER

This is a comparison chart showing different types of manufactures with a general range of environmental impact across the plants and products. In this case the National-Ready-Mix shows the lowest impact with a range of 368 to 611 kgCO2e embodied per 1 yd3.

COMPARISON BY PLANT

This chart represents a comparison of different types of plants which shows a general range of environmental impact across their plants. Per this chart, South-San-Francisco Central Concrete has the lowest impact with a range of 335 to 765 kgCO2e per 1 yd3.

COMPARISON BY PRODUCTS

This is a product comparison chart showing 6 induvial products lined up next to each other, each product has a range of environmental impact, per this chart the 2000-CG Trenton NJ Clayton Concrete has the lowest range of impact with 267 to 381 kgCO2e embodied per 1 yd3.

GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIALVISUALIZATION DIAGRAMS

SANKEY DIAGRAM

This chart shows relationship between individual elements, and it should show the results of the whole building if all elements have been entered. But in this case only concrete and wood was added. The difference in the color of the bars represent the Achievable Embodied Carbon Target

and the Conservative Embodied Carbon Estimate. In this scenario, by choosing these specific products and manufactures the Sankey Diagram shows a potential 37% reduction of Embodied Carbon (EC) on flooring construction.

This chart presents the same information as the Sankey Diagram but as a Bar chart and shows the impact across the product categories that are required to be reported for LEED certification.

Per the chart, Wood shows a positive impact by having a -120 kgCO2e / ft2

WINDOW WALL RATIO(WWR) CALCULATIONS | FIRST FLOOR

DAYLIGHTINGPATTERN GUIDE

PATTERN 1: FLOOR PLATE GEOMETRY | FINGER PLAN

MUSEUM BUILDING NATURAL LIGHTING

The Museum building is very similar to the morphology of the General Motor Office Buildng, it was designed around the use of daylight as the primary source of illumination, almost the entire perimeter maximizes the access to daylight. This was accomplished by designing a floor plan no wider than 48’

to avoid reducing the access to natural light. In addition, a rooftop skylight is located at the center of the floor plate to allow access to daylight. Corridors are illuminated at low levels to allow users a smooth transition to indoor light levels while walking towards their destination.

MUSEUM FLOOR PLATE GEOMETRY

Image from Advanced Buildings

Image from Advanced Buildings

PATTERN 2: WINDOW AREA (HORIZONTAL WINDOWS | 75% GLAZING AREA

Image from Advanced Buildings

LEVEL OF LIGHTING IMPACT IN THE MUSEUM

The North facade of the Museum has a Window Wall Ratio (WWR) of 83% which provides the daylight illumination that meets the minimum daylight illumination criteria at more

than 95 percent of its 21’section, this means that the program won’t need artificial lighting to operate during the day, thereby saving energy. In addition to saving in operational cost,

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COTE FRAMEWORK:WELLNESS

DESIGN FOR WELLNESS

Personal wellbeing depends on the health of the planet, from the food supply to the built environment, for this reason the design of this building was human-centric from the very beginning with the intention to have a positive impact in human health,

this was accomplished through air quality control, water, nourishment, light, fitness, comfort, and mind. The areas that were most applicable in the projects were: Lobby, coffee shop, workshop rooms, museum shop and exhibition gallery. The

exterior was also designed to provide fitness opportunities to occupants and the community with the intension to enhance human health.

COTE FRAMEWORK:RESOURCES

COTE FRAMEWORK:RESOURCES(CONTINUED)

DESIGN FOR RESOURCES

Supply chain responsibility was an important factor to choose construction materials and finishes for this project. Responsibly sourcing not only vastly improves building’s environment, but also provides assurance to stakeholders and

design team that all (or most) vendors are responsible partners in the project, and this offers higher traceability to ensure the materials are delivering the required commercial and environmental benefits.

DESIGN FOR RESOURCES

We live in a very disposable society, using things only as long as they meet our needs and then moving on to something else. But commercial building is a big investment, building owners have the idea that they won’t have to face another big

investment after completing their project, for this reason it is important to design with longevity in mind. This building was designed with a lifespan of 200 years, the building structure is going to be built with concrete and steel, it will serve owner

and their occupants for generations.

Durability was prioritized, everything inside is meant to be used, so quality and simplicity was an important factor to accomplish it.

COTE FRAMEWORK:DISCOVERY

DISCOVERY

Commissioning, Post Occupancy Engagement, and transparency are important aspects of a sustainable project, however for this project these factors were least applicable, there

is no intent to stay engaged with the building or occupants after construction completes; but there is intention to share the lessons learned with the community, professionals, students, and colleagues.

There will be a case study report available online to the public.

COTE FRAMEWORK:SUMMARY

COTE FRAMEWORK:SUMMARY(CONTINUED)

FRAMEWORK:SUMMARY(CONTINUED)

SUMMARY

The Art and Crafts Museum was a design project developed in Studio 3 which implemented sustainable practices through the design development

with focus on Daylighting, rainwater harvesting, biophilic design and wellbeing, it was a human-centric design project from the very beginning. The goal was to enrich occupants’ life using windows,

COTE FRAMEWORK:RESULTS

COTE FRAMEWORK:RESULTS(CONTINUED)

COTE FRAMEWORK:RESULTS(CONTINUED)

CARBON OVER TIME

RESULTS

The Art and Crafts Museum is going to be a building that looks good and functions properly all the time, without having to invest a lot of resources in repairs and maintenance. However, there is a lot more that needs to be included and/or modified in the design for this building to be classified as a Very High-Performance Building. Operable windows, 100% rainwater managed on-site, vegetated area increase, percent of site with native plantings, and CO2 measured need to be improved in the design.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

> “Carbon Footprint Calculator”.2022. www3.Epa.gov. https://www3.epa.gov/ carbon-footprint-calculator/

> “How many planets does it take to support your lifestyle?”.2022. Foorprintcalculator.org. https://www.footprintcalculator.org/home/en

> “COTE top ten”.2022. www.aia.org. https://www.aia.org/awards/7301-cote-topten-awards

> “Monthly wind direction Boston”.2022.www.WindFinder.com. https://www. windfinder.com/windstatistics/boston_logan_airport

> “Historic Art Museum Building Boston”. 2022. www.gardnermuseum.org. https:// www.gardnermuseum.org/organization

> “Concrete Manufacturer Boston”. 2022. www.bostonsand.com. https://www. bostonsand.com/green-products

> “Certified Lumber Boston”. 2022. www.sterrittlumber.com. https://www. sterrittlumber.com/green-building

> “Laminated veneer lumber constructuon materials”. 2022. https://theconstructor. org. https://theconstructor.org/building/building-material/laminated-veneerlumber-construction-material/563661/

> “Walk Boston”. 2022. https://walkboston.org. https://walkboston.org/what-wedo/walkable-communities/

> “City of Boston Initiatives”. 2022. www.boston.gov. https://www.boston.gov. https://www.bostonplans.org/planning/planning-initiatives/zero-net-carbonbuilding-zoning-initiative

> “Walk Score”. 2022. www.walkscore.com. https://www.walkscore.com

NationalParkCerroVerde,ElSalvador PhotobyMercedesG.Quintanilla