GROWING NICHOLTOWN
REVOLUTION
PROJECT 2
GROW+
ALISON MARTIN ARCH 8720 // FALL 2014 //ALBRIGHT ERSOY FRANCO HEINE
PROJECT 1
REVOLUTION
MODULE: 9 BAXTER STREET As a result of an extensive site analysis, 5 key site concepts emerged that influence the placement and layout of the resulting structure: water as a shaping force on site, acupuncture as a strategy for community connection, sequence of spacing from public to private, blurring the lines between interior and exterior, and creating a visually compatible building with its own identity. The building is sited behind the alignment of adjacent buildings, creating a visual void at the top of the site. This allows the Baxter and Hall street intersection to spill into the site, visually creating a sense of pause. This idea is further reinforced by the change in topography at the top of the site, a small gesture of “acupuncture” that aligns the first floor of the building with the level at the road, elevating its entrance with the Baxter-Hall intersection. As the topography here changes, its height creates an opportunity to divert rainwater around the structure. To bring the visual alignment with neighboring buildings back, separate the right lot from the left, as well as create a low-maintenance landscaping/stormwater management strategy that would serve the Youngs and the community, a rain garden at the front of the property is created. Additionally, the harsh elevation change existing on the property gives a great opportunity for opening views across the Reedy River as well as of other parts of Nicholtown. The placement of the structure, as well as its large windows, opens up these views through the natural tree cover that is so unique to the owner’s experience in the home. The landscaping at the rear of the house also helps to blur the line between interior and exterior, terracing slowly, giving opportunities to engage the site and trees, as it “disappears” into the landscape beyond. Finally, the final structure addresses all aspects of the design guidelines put forth for the Nicholtown neighborhood, remaining visually compatible while also setting a new precedent for new construction of this size.
RE E RIV DY ER
SITE PLAN
ET RE ST ER XT
BA ALL
H
ET E TR
S
2 3
4
1
SITE PLANNING 1
CONTINUATION OF ELEVATION This very small gesture on site encourages connectivity and opens up the adjacent intersection to foster social and cultural interaction.
2
DRIVEWAY The driveway to the right of the house is steep, but pushes water runoff away from the house and allows cars to be parked out of sight.
3
PARKING A small parking pad is included at the end of the driveway. Its placement allows for passengers to have accessible access to the rear outdoor living space if transported there by car.
4
BACKYARD TERRACE For large family gathering, ample space outside is required. As an extension of the living corridor running through the house, the back porch and yard would be terraced to link the structured living space with the natural environment.
5
RAIN GARDEN As a rainwater solution as well as property delineation, a rain garden is placed at plan west of the house along the property line, which will continue to grow, provide a visual, low maintenance gardening opportunity, as well as provide some privacy from the open lot next door. It also visually aligns the site with the adjacent buildings.
5
6
6
TREE SELECTION AND DEMOLITION The elevation of the site allows naturally for great views of the area from the rear porch on the first floor. To take advantage of all views present from that porch, trees are selectively “carved� out to create more views and further connect the owners to their site.
PROJECT GOALS
DIAGRAMMING
SITE-ORIENTED GOALS
1
The structure is visually historically compatible
2
Acupuncture to foster connectivity
3
Water is an active element on site and influences building form
4
Space is sequential
5
Create view corridors through the building and site elements
INTERIOR GOALS
1
Flexibility of spaces for future expansion
2
Space is sequential
3
Space is revolutionary
4
Create view corridors through the dialogue between floors
5
Maximize natural lighting in every space
SEQUENCE TO REVOLUTION
INSPIRATION
MODULE THE BOOK AS A MODULE
If one were to boil this residence down to its elemental functions, learning would be at its core. With multiple generations living here, as well as the structure as a forum for large family and community gatherings, the purpose of the structure can be defined further than just a place for habitation, a forum for education as well. The book is the manifestation of this idea, first evidenced in the recycled cladding of the “nucleus� wall that intersects the center of the structure. Also, this shape and proportion translates to other elements, from the shape of the exterior paneling to the overall house footprint.
1
CORRIDOR
REVOLUTION
CASE STUDIES
2
3
4
5
1
The Maintenance-Free House | Arkitema Architects
2
Box House | Ralph Erskine
3
The Float House | Morphosis
4
Keel Cabin | David Salmela
5
Emerson Residence | David Salmela
FLOOR PLANS PRIVATE REAR PORCH
As a result of an extensive site analysis, 5 key site concepts emerged that influence the placement and layout of the resulting structure: water as a shaping force on site, acupuncture as a strategy for community connection, sequence of spacing from public to private, blurring the lines between interior and exterior, and creating a visually compatible building with its own identity. The building is sited behind the alignment of adjacent buildings, creating a visual void at the top of the site. This allows the Baxter and Hall street intersection to spill into the site, visually creating a sense of pause.
BEDROOM
ACCESSIBLE BATH
DRIVEWAY
HALLWAY
REF.
LIVING
KITCHEN
FRONT PORCH
RAMP TO DROP-OFF
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
STAIR
DW
OPEN TO BELOW
OPEN BOOKCASE AND SEATING
WASHER/DRYER HOOK-UP
2
BASEMENT 1/4" = 1'-0"
N
This idea is further reinforced by the change in topography at the top of the site, a small gesture of “acupuncture” that aligns the first floor of the building with the level at the road, elevating its entrance with the Baxter-Hall intersection. As the topography here changes, its height creates an opportunity to divert rainwater around the structure. To bring the visual alignment with neighboring buildings back, separate the right lot from the left, as well as create a low-maintenance landscaping/ stormwater management strategy that would serve the Youngs and the community, a rain garden at the front of the property is created.
TERRACE GARDEN
FUTURE OUTDOOR KITCHEN
BENCH SEATING/PLANTER
OUTDOOR LIVING
WH
BED/ OPTIONAL KITCHEN
BATH
FLEXIBLE STORAGE/ BEDROOM
BASEMENT
FIRST FLOOR 1/4" = 1'-0"
BASEMENT
Living 145 SF Kitchen 86 SF Stair 96 SF Circulation 37 SF Accessible Bath 90 SF Bedroom 113 SF Storage 36 SF
Multipurpose 179 SF Open Living/Bed 149 SF Bath 42 SF Laundry 22 SF Optional Storage > 32 SF Optional Bedroom 148 SF Optional Nook 23 SF
TOTAL CONDITIONED
603 SF
Outdoor Living
280 SF
MIN. TOTAL CONDITIONED 392 SF MAX. TOTAL CONDITIONED 563 SF Outdoor Living
392
447
ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAM 2
BASEMENT EXPANSION OPTIONS
OPTION TO ENCLOSE OR UNCONDITION
BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN
MULTIPURPOSE
> 160 SF
563
Additionally, the harsh elevation change existing on the property gives a great opportunity for opening views across the Reedy River as well as of other parts of Nicholtown. The placement of the structure, as well as its large windows, opens up these views through the natural tree cover that is so unique to the owner’s experience in the home. The landscaping at the rear of the house also helps to blur the line between interior and exterior, terracing slowly, giving opportunities to engage the site and trees, as it “disappears” into the landscape beyond. Finally, the final structure addresses all aspects of the design guidelines put forth for the Nicholtown neighborhood, remaining visually compatible while also setting a new precedent for new construction of this size.
ELEVATIONS PLAN SOUTH ELEVATION
PLAN NORTH ELEVATION
PLAN EAST ELEVATION
PLAN WEST ELEVATION
SECTIONS ROOF 65' - 3 1/4"
LOFT
FRONT PORCH
KITCHEN
REAR PORCH
ACCESSIBLE BATH
BEDROOM STAIR
FIRST FLOOR 51' - 0"
OUTDOOR LIVING
MULTIPURPOSE BED/ OPTIONAL KITCHEN
BATH
OUTDOOR LIVING
BASEMENT 40' - 0"
LONGITUDINAL SECTION 1
2
LONGITUDINAL SECTION 2 1/4" = 1'-0"
L SECTION - FINAL
ROOF 65' - 3 1/4"
LOFT LIVING
ACCESSIBLE BATH
HALLWAY
STAIR
BATH
TRANSVERSE SECTION 1
FIRST FLOOR 51' - 0"
MULTIPURPOSE
BASEMENT 40' - 0"
ROOF 65' - 3 1/4"
REAR PORCH
LIVING
FRONT PORCH
STAIR FIRST FLOOR 51' - 0"
OUTDOOR LIVING
MULTIPURPOSE
BASEMENT 40' - 0"
LONGITUDINAL SECTION 2
ROOF 65' - 3 1/4"
LOFT LIVING
ACCESSIBLE BATH
HALLWAY
STAIR
BATH
FIRST FLOOR 51' - 0"
MULTIPURPOSE
BASEMENT 40' - 0"
BASEMENT MULTI-PURPOSE SPACE
DETAIL SECTION
When researching structural strategies and assemblies, one aspect of cost savings became very apparent – choose building materials that are regionally accepted and that builders in your area are familiar installing. Therefore, I chose a strategy of heavy below light, or a CMU basement with a light wood framed first floor above. One notices this change in wall thickness as they descend the building, creating a sense of firmness where the building is anchored within the earth. It is also the most cost-effective option, using materials that most new houses are built with in Greenville currently.
EXTERIOR MATERIALS & SYSTEMS The concept behind the selection of building materials for 9 Baxter was very simple - use the cheapest, local materials that are common and accepted in the area and will provide the largest overall lifespan, with minimal maintenance, for the owners.
CELLULOSE INSULATION
ON-SITE WATER COLLECTION
STANDING-SEAM METAL ROOF
FIBER CEMENT PANELS
WOOD-CLAD RAIN SCREEN
CMU BASEMENT CONSTRUCTION
The concept translated to material selection – use the cheapest, local materials that will provide the largest overall lifespan, with minimal maintenance, for the owners. Both first floor and basement are clad with 4’ x 8’ fiber cement panels, oriented vertically. Using the panels at their store-bought size cuts down on labor costs. The vertical orientation alludes to boardand-batten siding, found on homes in the neighborhood. The cladding on the exterior portion of the nucleus wall is a simple rain screen system with reclaimed or cheaply bought wood strips, in whatever size available, preferably in a random arrangement to mirror the variation in book widths. The roof is standing seam metal, which is very low maintenance and will last for years to come.
EXTERIOR
FIRST FLOOR LIVING SPACE
If one were to boil this residence down to its elemental functions, learning would be at its core. With multiple generations living here, as well as the structure as a forum for large family and community gatherings, the purpose of the structure can be defined further than just a place for habitation, a forum for education as well. The books of the nucleus wall are the manifestation of this idea, evidenced literally there, as well as in shape and proportion of other elements, from the shape of the exterior paneling to the overall house footprint.
A CULTURALLY DRIVEN PRODUCTIVE LANDSCAPE
GROW
ALISON MARTIN AND BETH KOEPPEL
Grow+, a culturally driven, productive landscape for Nicholtown takes advantage of the centrally-located, highly visible current community garden site.
NICHOLTOWN IS A FOOD DESERT HEALTHY FOOD GAP
2%
of U.S. Fruit and Vegetable Acreage Relative to Total U.S. Farm Acreage
vs
50% The nearest grocery store to our site is over one mile away, making fresh food extremely inaccessible to many community members that have limited mobility, whether by lack of automotive transportation or physical ailment. This “food desert,� otherwise known as Nicholtown, does not serve its residents health needs, as 50% of our meals should be filled with fresh fruit and vegetables. The current garden site does have many strengths, however, it does not meet the potential to meet the great need present in the neighborhood. The site also has no connection to the nearby Community Center and has many physical issues do to its sloped site. Additionally, fresh produce is the most wasted food type overall, mainly because of its short shelf life and over-purchasing. Our solution, Grow+, helps to solve this issue, and all others previously listed, by providing a source of fresh food that can use 100% of its produce for good in the community.
CURRENT SITE STRENGTHS
Provides local food source Positive reputation in community Knowledge of Mr. Byrd Well-established Minimal resource usage Activates vacant lot Low operating costs
Current site weaknesses
No connection to community center Site divided by parking lot Weak edge condition Unsafe crosswalks and lack of sidewalks Soil erosion Minimal community involvement
FRUIT VEGETABLE
of our plate that should be filled by fruits and vegetables
FOOD WASTED
FOOD EATEN
VS.
20
% FOOD EATEN
80
78
52
48
50
50
GRAINS
FRUITS & VEGETABLES
22
ION SOLUT
SEAFOOD
MEAT
MILK
% FOOD WASTED
38
62
DES-
= GROW
1
GARDEN
GROW
1
4
2
4
2
FARMERS MARKET
3
GREENHOUSE
3
CROP STOP
A Culturally Driven Productive Landscape The Grow+ Program consists of four elements - the Garden, which improves production and expands the existing garden size, the Greenhouse to grow and teach the community, the Crop Stop to process the food grown here, and the Farmer’s Market to sell and distribute the food. All four of these combined create a culturally driven, productive landscape. See the Program Diagram on the neighboring page for a more detailed description of how the Grow+ process works for the Nicholtown community.
1
GARDEN
SELL AND DISTRIBUTE FOOD
IMPROVE PRODUCTION AND EXPAND EXISTING
2
4
FARMERS MARKET
GREENHOUSE
PROCESS FOOD
3
CROP STOP
GROW + TEACH
nsu mpti
m Fa r
o
ers M ar
F
+
+
Individ
g
Pro
cessed
After the crop stop, food is processed and ready for sale or consumption. It is cleaned, cut, measured, and packaged.
ar
Financial resources from food sales go directly back to the community, either to the individual farmer or to support the project.
n
The crop stop facility allows individuals to safely and efficiently clean, process and prepare their food with resources such as refrigeration, washing station, cutting station, drying station, weighing station, etc.
Lo c a l F o
ls
o
d
Local growers benefit from resources and tools provided by the crop stop facility enabling them to take on gardening projects throughout the neighborhood. In exchange, they are increasing the yield of local produce.
r lG
Community members collaborate in urban farming efforts at their homes, in vacant lots throughout the neighborhood, and at the community garden and greenhouse.
Lo c
a
START
owers
Re
s o ur c e s &
T
Pro
cess & Le
Eco
oo
Processed food can be distributed for multiple uses throughout the community such as sale at markets, individual consumption (grown by self for self), or to supplement community events & need.
od
nomic
s
v
ts
o
mmunity E
en
t
ain
Co
ke
o lC
n
ua
PROGRAM
SITE SECTION
LONGITUDINAL SITE SECTION
STEEL GRATE NATIVE PLANTINGS ORGANIC MATTER SAND GRAVEL DRAINAGE PIPE CONCRETE FOUNDATION
FLOOR PLAN ET
RE E ST
DIM
LE SWA O I B
ALE W S IO
B
MARKET PLAZA
POST-HARVEST
RESTROOMS
FARM MARKET
Kitc
GREENHOUSE
CA
ATH ICE P
SERV
N
SOLAR POND
E NIC XISTIN HO G LTO W SIGN N
AFE
TERRACE SEATING
ABBREVIATED SCHEDULE
tchen
PATTERNS OF USE FARM MARKET PATH CROP STOP/PROCESSING PATH POST-HARVEST PATH
Various pathways are depicted representing the primary functions of the structure. The post harvest room, greenhouse, and crop stop can all be independently secured, allowing flexibility in use. For example, the crop stop could be rented out during off-hours for an event while the rest of the building can remain locked.
SECTIONS
FARM MARKET
GREENHOUSE INTERIOR
BUILDING SECTION A
BUILDING SECTION B
DETAILS
WATER COLLECTION The building design facilitates collection of water as part of the overall site water strategy. Gray water is collected to be used in growing and reduce water usage, in turn reducing long-term operating costs.
STORMWATER RUNOFF SLOW DOWN OR FILTER SPEED UP OR DIRECT RUNOFF
SITE WATER STRATEGY
SOLAR POND PERFORMANCE SUMMER SOLAR POND Solar pond hosts hydroponic growing to increase summer production. Evapotranspiration cools the air immediately in front of the greenhouse, which is then circulated through the venting panels to reduce greenhouse temperature.
WINTER SOLAR POND Hydroponic planters are removed during the cooler seasons to allow solar heat to reflect off the water surface and heat the greenhouse.
VENTILATION STRATEGIES
GREENHOUSE GROWING SEASONS
CROP ROTATION YEAR 1 Crops are rotated annually to protect the integrity of the soil. The site is divided between a range of production fields and teaching fields. The crops are rotated within their field type. Crop groupings, listed to the right, are based on yield-time and traditional crop pairings. For example, Group 1 can produce 4 yields per growing season and is much more active than Group 4.
FIELD 1
5
Less productive plants that are either slow growing or require excessive space are used more for educational purposes in the teaching gardens. Highly productive plants are grown in the production fields to increase total yields. Flowering plants are included to help resist common bacteria and viruses common to gardening.
1
FIELD 2
FIELD 3
FIELD 4
3 FIELD 5
2
4
YEAR 2
YEAR 3
TURNIPS SPINACH CABBAGE BEETS RADDISH
CARROTS PEPPERS BEANS RADISH LETTUCE TOMATO PEAS EGGPLANT
CORN CUCUMBER POTATO SQUASH
CORN CUCUMBER POTATO SQUASH
TURNIPS SPINACH CABBAGE BEETS RADDISH
CARROTS PEPPERS BEANS RADISH LETTUCE TOMATO PEAS EGGPLANT
WATERMELON PUMPKIN CANTOLOUPE WINTER SQUASH
MARIGOLD WHITE GERANIUM OTHER FLOWERING PLANTS
WATERMELON PUMPKIN CANTOLOUPE WINTER SQUASH
MARIGOLD WHITE GERANIUM OTHER FLOWERING PLANTS
WATERMELON PUMPKIN CANTOLOUPE WINTER SQUASH
MARIGOLD WHITE GERANIUM OTHER FLOWERING PLANTS
CORN CUCUMBER POTATO SQUASH
TURNIPS SPINACH CABBAGE BEETS RADDISH
CARROTS PEPPERS BEANS RADISH LETTUCE TOMATO PEAS EGGPLANT
2
1
4
3 5
NEED FOR GARDEN EXPANSION
Long-term, this project has the potential to meet 100% of the need for fresh produce for all the residents of Nicholtown. Beyond creating a productive landscape, Grow+ is culturally driven to engage the community, teach valuable skills, and foster socialization. Looking just within the immediate adjacencies to our site, there is enough vacant land to meet 100% of the fresh produce need for Nicholtown as a whole.
1 CATALYST 1A: Gain funding
2: BUIL 1 SITE P
1b: community forum Develop program based on community input
1C: EVALUATE PROGRAMMING DESIGN TEAM AND COMMUNITY
Begin to develop garden/planting schedules Plan for Farmer’s Market in an intermediate space Reach out to local farms
ENGAGED COMMUNITY MEMBERS
2 3
+
3
+
4
A GROWTH: INVOLVEMENT
As involvement and interest grows, more public space and programs are needed
B GROWTH: PRODUCTION
STOR
CROP GREE FARM STOR INFRA
As food need and production grows, more planting space is required to meet community demand
3 ENGAGE 3: COMMUNITY SPACE DEVELOPMENT TERRACING PROGRAM ORCHARDS ADDITIONAL CIRCULATION/CONNECTION NEW AND REACTIONARY SOCIAL PROGRAMS ADDITIONAL STAFFING ALL ENGAGED PROCESS PARTICIPANTS
2 CONSTRUCT D
PROFESSIONALS
PREP/WORK Alter topography Remove Concrete Create sidewalks/crosswalks Soil Remediation
P STOP ENHOUSE MERS MARKET RAGE: PHASE 2 ASTRUCTURE Lighting Utilities
COMMUNITY DESIGN-BUILD
RAGE: PHASE 1
2: GROW 1 SITE PREP/WORK
2
VOLUNTEER SUPPORT
2: FUNCTION
Move Nicholtown Gateway Soil Reclamation/Remediation Plan/Locate Pathways
PATHWAYS: PHASE 1 Functional Pathways Some Public Pathways
3
PLANT Bioswales Plant Selection Plant Organization Planting Structures
4
PATHWAYS: PHASE 2 Continue pathway development Add public Circulation
1
ENGAGED COMMUNITY MEMBERS
ACQUIRE TOOLS Buy and Borrow BRANDING Phone Application Signage Social Media Work Truck Word of Mouth PLAN Parking Plan Masterplan/Quality Standards Scheduling SOCIAL PROGRAMS STAFFING
4 NETWORK
ALL ENGAGED PROCESS PARTICIPANTS
4A: GARDEN EXPANSION IN NEIGHBORHOOD UTILIZE VACANT LOTS FOR GROWING VARIETY/COMPLEXITY OF CROPS VOLUME OF PRODUCTION (Impact on Phase 1) INDIVIDUAL GARDENING INITIATIVES Cold Frame/Family Gardening Kits Tool Rental ADDITIONAL STAFFING
4b: CITY EXPANSION Application city-wide and beyond GOVERNMENT AND CIVIC ORGANIZATIONS
SCHEDULE 1 PROJECT PHASEs
CATALYST
1A: GAIN FUNDING
GROWING SEASONS
REEVALUATE MASTERPLAN CALENDAR YEARS
1
2
3
1B: COMMUNITY FORUM
1C: EVALUATE PROGRAMMING SITE PREP/WORK
STORAGE: PHASE 1
2: BUILD
CROP STOP/GREENHOUSE/FARMERS MARKET STORAGE: PHASE 2 INFRASTRUCTURE SITE PREP/WORK
2: GROW
PATHWAYS: PHASE 1 PLANT PATHWAYS: PHASE 2 ACQUIRE TOOLS
BORROW MAJORITY OF TO FIRST 2 GROWING SEASON
2: FUNCTION
MASTERPLAN SOCIAL PROGRAMS STAFFING
ENGAGE
3
NETWORK
4
3: COMMUNITY SPACE DEVELOPMENT
TERRACING PROGRAM
4A: GARDEN EXPANSION IN NEIGHBORHOOD
2
CONSTRUCT
BRANDING
ORCHARDS
A
GROWTH: INVOLVEMENT
B
GROWTH: PRODUCTION
ADDITIONAL CIRCULATION/CONNECTION NEW AND REACTIONARY SOCIAL PROGRAMS ADDITIONAL STAFFING UTILIZE VACANT LOTS FOR GROWING VARIETY/COMPLEXITY OF CROPS VOLUME OF PRODUCTION INDIVIDUAL GARDENING INITIATIVES ADDITIONAL STAFFING 4B: CITY EXPANSION
N EVERY 2
4
OOLS FOR NS
5
6
7
8
9
10
GARDEN SHED
PRODUCTION GARDENS
PRODUCTION GARDENS
=
Consumes 430 lbs. of produce / year
Average American consumption, USDA
Looking at a birds-eye of the site, many of the strategies highlighted earlier begin to take shape. The circled forms are examples of the types of structures that would be included as Current Grow+ ex- Garden: panded to additional sites around the community. For example, storage sheds would beCurrent needed Garden: with space for composting storage at many of the satellite fields. Also, the grid established at the larger structure could be repeated in many different ways, creating opportunities for shading, growing, and interaction.
NEED FOR GARDEN EXPANSION Consumes 430 lbs.
3,000 3,000 sq. ft.
8,000 8,000 = = pounds
GREENHOUSE FARM MARKET POST-HARVEST
TEACHING GARDEN CROP STOP
Potential Vacant Lots to Utilize:
0.75