Wound Up Process by Maryana Kuznetsova

WOUND UP Process Maryana Kuznetsova

Maryana Kuznetsova

CONTENT Exploring Ideas 4 Research Methods 16 Research Discoveries 22 Research 26 Visual Research 40 Round 1: Concepts 50 Change in Direction 56 Round 2: Variations 60 Round 3: Refinement 68 Final 72 Rationale 74

Exploring Ideas

Maryana Kuznetsova

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Maryana Kuznetsova

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Maryana Kuznetsova

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Maryana Kuznetsova

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Maryana Kuznetsova

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Maryana Kuznetsova

Research Methods

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Maryana Kuznetsova

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Maryana Kuznetsova

Research Discoveries

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Maryana Kuznetsova

Research

Maryana Kuznetsova

“A History in American Mechanical Toys - Antique-Antiques.” Accessed October 23, 2016. http://www.antique-antiques. com/mechanicaltoys.shtml.

Londono, Mateo. “Then & Now: A History of Wind-Up Toys | Krrb Blog.” Accessed October 23, 2016. http://blog.krrb. com/then-now-a-history-of-wind-up-toys/.

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“Canard Digérateur De Vaucanson - Vaucanson’s Digesting ...” Atlas Obscura. Accessed October 23, 2016. http://www. atlasobscura.com/places/canard-digerateur-de-vaucanson-vaucansons-digesting-duck.

“Pride of Da Vinci’s Genius Walks Again after 500 Years ...” Independent. July 3, 2009. Accessed October 23, 2016. www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/art/features/pride-of-da-vincis-genius-walks-again-after-500-years-1731269.html.

Maryana Kuznetsova

Restauration Des Automates De Pierre Et Henri Louis Jaquet Droz. Restauration Des Automates De Pierre Et Henri Louis Jaquet Droz. February 2, 2015145. Accessed October 23, 2016. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IeTOqDb-86s.

Andrei, Mihai. “The 240-year-old Beautiful Ancestor of the Modern Computer.” ZME Science. January 6, 2016. Accessed October 23, 2016. www.zmescience.com/other/feature-post/the-240-year-old-beautiful-ancestor-of-the-moderen-computer/.

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Woodford, Chris. “Clockwork (windup) Mechanisms.” Explain That Stuff. September 10, 2016. Accessed October 23, 2016. http://www.explainthatstuff.com/how-clockwork-works.html.

“History of Mechanical Toys.” Retro Toys. Accessed October 23, 2016. http://re.trotoys.com/article/mechanical-toys-history/.

Maryana Kuznetsova

“Toy History and Old Toys - Wooden Toys Shop.” Accessed October 23, 2016. http://www.woodentoys-shop.com/toy-history-toys-games.php3.

“Toys and More.” Museum of American Heritage. December 25, 2003. Accessed October 23, 2016. http://www.moah.org/ toysnmore/toys.html?KeepThis=true&TB_iframe=true&height=600&width=850.

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“Rocking Horse.” The Strong National Museum of Play. Accessed November 1, 2016. http://www.toyhalloffame.org/toys/ rocking-horse.

“Toy History - The Buenos Aires Toy Museum.” Accessed October 29, 2016. http://www.the-ba-toymuseum.com/toy_ history_argentina.html.

Maryana Kuznetsova

“Brief History.” Tin Clanks. March 25, 2011. Accessed November 17, 2016. https://tinythintintoys.wordpress.com.

Small, Lawrence M. “A Passionate Collector.” Smithsonian. November 2000. Accessed November 18, 2016. http://www. smithsonianmag.com/history/a-passionate-collector-33794183/?no-ist

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“Guide to Vintage Wind-Up Toys.” EBay. December 27, 2013. Accessed October 26, 2016. http://www.ebay.com/gds/Guideto-Vintage-Wind-Up-Toys-/10000000177633956/g.html.

“Your Guide to Buying Vintage Tin Toys.” EBay. March 10, 2016. Accessed October 26, 2016. http://www.ebay.com/gds/ Your-Guide-to-Buying-Vintage-Tin-Toys-/10000000177634070/g.html.

Maryana Kuznetsova

“Coxsackie Antique Center.” Coxsackie Antique Center. Accessed October 24, 2016. http://www.coxsackie.com/reference/cooaadt.htm.

“Antique Toy Collectors of America.” Antique Toy Collectors of America. Accessed November 23, 2016. http:// atca-club.org/. 35

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“List of Vintage Toy Makers & Manufacturers.” RetroWaste. Accessed October 29, 2016. http://www.retrowaste.com/ list-of-vintage-toy-makers/

David. “History-Philadelphia Tin Toy Manufactury.” Vintage Model Train Collector. Accessed October 25, 2016. https:// modeltraincollectors.wordpress.com/2016/05/11/history-philadelphia-tin-toy-manufactory/.

Maryana Kuznetsova

“Antique and Vintage Tin Toys.” Collectors Weekly. Accessed October 23, 2016. http://www.collectorsweekly.com/toys/ tin.

“Toys in the 1970s.” RetroWaste. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Nov. 2016. http://www.retrowaste.com/1970s/toys-in-the-1970s/

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Gyger, Patrick. “Wheels and Mirrors: Automata and Robots as Metaphysical Machines.” The Magazine. August 22, 2011. Accessed October 24, 2016. http://www.dmh.org.il/magazine/magazine.aspx?id=95&IssuesId=5.

“Производители жестяных игрушек (часть 13).” Зарубежный Коллекционер. June 7, 2012. Accessed November 23, 2016. http://www.inoantiqpressa.com/models/patterncollections.

Maryana Kuznetsova

Маллалью, Хуон. Антиквариат. Самая полная история антиквариата. Белый Город.

Visual Research

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Round 1: Concepts

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automata

1970 Materials

Mechanism

1. Wind up using the metal key. 2. Legs pivot on axile. 3. Element that rocks the horse. 4. Mainspring stores the energy. 5. & 6. Gears unload the energy within spring. 7. & 8. Connect to gears

MADE IN CHINA 4.

lithographed tinplate platstic synthetic thread steel spring mechanism

1. 2. 6. 7. 8. 3.

figures through the ages Lion

Leonardo Da Vinci drum-roll mechanism wood walked, chest opened up

Jacques De Vaucanson clockwork mechanism gilded copper, rubber tubing, feathers ate grain, drank water removes waste

duck

writer doll Jaquet-Droz clockwork mechanism metal, leather, cork, papier-mĂ˘chĂŠ

Germany spring mechanism lithographed tinplate, steel spring mechanism

Bertrand 'Fred' Francis friction mechanism rubber, plastic, steel

1509

1739

1770

1850

1952

toys

toy cars

Maryana Kuznetsova

WHERE THE TIN TOY INDUSTRY WINDED UP

Rocking Horse MS-117 SPRING MECHANISM TINPLATE BODY SYNTHETIC THREAD

1970

PLASTIC CLOSING PIECE

GERMANY GERMANY

1850

1880-1965 Schuco Modell 1912-Present

Gunthermann Toy Co.

CHINA

MAJOR PLAYERS LEAD YEARS

BRITAIN

Manufacturers were not given names, due to communist culture.

1970

Years in Production

USA JAPAN

Germany Britain USA Japan China 1850

1880

1910

USA CHINA

BRITAIN 1914-1965

Wells-Brimtoy Limited

Louis Marx & Co. 1919-1972 1916-1952 Unique Art

1940

1970

JAPAN 1924-Present Marusan Co. Ltd

Manufacturing Co. Strauss Toy Co. 1918-1942

1920

1950

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1970

Rocking Horse

Mechanical Tin Toys BRIEF HISTORY BROWSE TOYS BROWSE REGIONS

Story

Materials

Mechanism

1970

Rocking Horse

Rocking Horse MATERIALS

STORY

tinplate plastic steel synthetic thread

The rocking horse was made in China, when the coutryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s toy industry flourished. The tinplate lithography is at better quality, compare to the toys made earlier that century.

Tinplate Toy Industry

Maryana Kuznetsova

Change in Direction Combining the history of the industry with the tin toy did not come together as cohesively as I wanted it to. This round I shifted the focus to the tin toy industry as a whole and its competitors. Initially I thought of taking the direction of a board game, but then decided on presenting the toy inside out. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m using the mechanism inside the toy to describe the industry.

Maryana Kuznetsova

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Maryana Kuznetsova

Round 2: Variations

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WINDED UP THE TIN TOY INDUSTRY TAKEN APART

Tin toys are valuable collectibles that often reflect on the time period they were created. When a new transport was invented, a tin toy was released to showcase it. When a new TV show was released, the characters were made into toys to engage with children. The tin toy industry had many producers, the knowledge of the craft was passed on throughout the years from one country to another to eventually cover the whole world.

YEAR

S OF TIN TO Y MA NUFA CTUR ING lead ye ar

1900

GERM ANY

is Marx & C Lou o., 19

Ma nu

Strau ss T

ac t

urin

g Co., 191

6–

t sen re

JAPAN

Guntermann Toy Co. Carousel, early 20th cetury

Wells Brimtoy Ltd. Dancing Fairy Queen, 1954

Louis Marx & Co. Jalope, 1940-1960s

d a ) . , 19 4 5 –

Marusan Co. Boy Blowing Bubbles, 1950s

BEST-KNOWN WIND-UPS

Ma r ahi, 1950–pr u As

CHINA o., 1924 –p nC sa ent es

ent

Wel ls B r

, 1 9 – 19 8 19 W .S 5– u t c liffe, 18 8

USA

IN U niq

e s B ro t h e rs

BRITA

s were not give rer nn ctu a fa munist c com ult o t u e

, es m , re

Lin td

, 1918– Co. 19 oy

Limited., 1 toy 8 im

965 –1 14

2– d e l l , 19 1

20 00

1850

972 –1 19

e nt

Guntherma nn T Tip o p

1 197 2–

1950

INDUS TRY’S MAJO R PLA YERS

880–19 o., 1 65 yC o., 119 1 &C

Chinese Industry, Rocking Horse, 1970s

Maryana Kuznetsova

WINDED UP

BEST - KNOWN WIND - UPS

THE TIN TOY INDUSTRY TAKEN APART Tin toys are valuable collectibles that often reflect on the time period they were created. When a new transport was invented, a tin toy was released to showcase it. When a new TV show was released, the characters were made into toys to engage with children. The tin toy industry had many producers, the knowledge of the craft was passed on throughout the years from one country to another to eventually cover the whole world.

YEAR

S OF T IN T OY M ANU

FA C T

U R IN

lead ye

IN D U

GE R M

ST RY ’

1900 S M A JO R

P LAY E

1950

ars*

Guntermann Toy Co. Carousel, early 20th cetury

2000

1850

ANY

Wells Brimtoy Ltd. Dancing Fairy Queen, 1954

BR ITA

USA

CH IN A

JAPA N Louis Marx & Co. Jalope, 1940-1960s

J.L. Hess

1826–1928

Karl Bu b 1866–1917

Guntherm

1880–1965

ann Toy Co.

Ernest Leh mann

1881–prese

Gebrad der Fle ishmann 1887–prese nt Georg Fisher 190 3-1930

Tipp &

Schuco Mo nt

1868–1928

j. Chein

Chad Va lley Toys 189

1903–1979

7–present

Wells Br imtoy

1914–1965

Ltd.

Marusan

Toy Tin

MT (Mas

kers Inc .

1914–1952

9–1983 956

dell.

& Co.

Ohio Ar t Co. 190 8–present

Lines Br others Ltd 191

Unique

Mettoy Compan y, Ltd 1933–1

Co.

1912–1971 1912–prese

Ives Co rp.

J.W. Su tcliffe

1885–prese

Art Ma nufactur 1916–1952 ing Co. Louis Ma rx & Co . 1919–1972 Strauss

Toy Co

1918–1942

1924–prese

1945–prese

1950–prese

Asahi

Bandai

Co.

Manufac turers we re not giv names due en 5+ in Sh to communist culture. anghai 1+ in Be ijing

ayuda)

Marusan Co. Boy Blowing Bubbles, 1950s

Playskoo l 1928–prese

Chinese Industry, Rocking Horse, 1970s

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WINDED UP THE TIN TOY INDUSTRY TAKEN APART

YEAR

S OF TIN T OY M ANUF ACTU RING lead ye ars*

1900

INDUS TRY’S MAJO R PLA YERS

GERMA N

s Marx & Co Loui ., 1 9

ctu

rin g C o., 1 9 1 6 –

JAPAN

Mechanism 1. Wind up using the metal key. 2. Mainspring stores the energy. 3. Legs pivot on axile. 4. Gears unload the energy within spring by spinning. 5. Energy get’s pased onto specific individual mechnanism and action is performed.

ufa

nt se re

o., 1924– nC p sa nt se

Ar an

Ma r ahi, 1950–pr u e As

CHINA

USA

U niq

sL . J

, 191 –198 W 9 – .S u t c li , 1 8 8 5 ff e

Ma nu

Stra uss T

es Broth er

19 Co., 18–19 4 oy

BRITAIN ent

Lin

Wel ls B r

Limited., 1 toy 8 im

s were not give rer nn ctu fa munist c com ult o t u e

, es am , re

–

o d e ll, 1 9 1 2

965 –1 14

2000

1850

2 97 –1 19

Guntherma nn To Tip

1 197 2–

880–19 o., 1 65 yC Co., 119 1 p&

1950

d a )., 1 9 4 5 –

BEST-KNOWN WIND-UPS

Guntermann Toy Co. Carousel, early 20th cetury

Wells Brimtoy Ltd. Dancing Fairy Queen, 1954

Louis Marx & Co. Jalope, 1940-1960s

Marusan Co. Boy Blowing Bubbles, 1950s

Chinese Industry, Rocking Horse, 1970s

Maryana Kuznetsova

WINDED UP THE TIN TOY INDUSTRY TAKEN APART

YEAR

S OF TIN T OY M AN

U FAC

TURI

lead yea

INDU

GERM

S T RY

’S

1900 MAJO

R PLA Y

ERS

J.L. Hes 1826–192 s 8 Karl B ub 1866–191 7 Gunth er 1880–196 mann Toy C o. 5 Ernest L 1881–pre ehmann sent Gebra dd 1887–pre er Fleishm ann sent Georg F 1903-193 isher 0 Tipp & C 1912–197 o. 1 Schuc o 1912–pre Modell. sent

2000

1850

ANY

BRITA IN

rs*

1950

USA

CHINA

JAPAN J.W. Sut 1885–pre cliffe sent Chad V al 1897–pre ley Toys sent Wells B 1914–196 rimtoy Ltd. 5 Lines B 1919–198 rothers Ltd 3 Mettoy 1933–195 Company, L td. 6

Ives Cor 1868–192 p. 8 j. Chein 1903–197 & Co. 9 Ohio A rt 1908–p Co. resent Toy Tin 1914–195 kers Inc. 2 Uniqu e 1916–195 Art Manufac 2 turing Co. Louis M 1919–197 arx & Co. 2 Strauss 1918–194 Toy Co. 2 Playsko 1928–p ol resent

Marus 1924–p

an Co.

resent

MT (M 1945–p

Manuf acture rs wer names e not gi due to ven comm 5+ in S unist cu hangha lture. i 1+ in B eijing

asayud a)

resent

Asahi

1950–p

resent

Banda i

1950–p

resent

BEST-KNOWN WIND-UPS

Guntermann Toy Co. Carousel, early 20th cetury

Wells Brimtoy Ltd. Dancing Fairy Queen, 1954

Louis Marx & Co. Jalope, 1940-1960s

Marusan Co. Boy Blowing Bubbles, 1950s

Chinese Industry, Rocking Horse, 1970s

Round 3: Refinement

Maryana Kuznetsova

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Refining the title.

Maryana Kuznetsova

Refining the section header placement.

Final

Maryana Kuznetsova

Rationale

Maryana Kuznetsova

The infographic takes apart the tin toy industry. The information includes the main countries and their manufacturers, years of activity for each country as well as the companies, and the well-known toys from each country. The audience for the piece are toy collectors or those interested in the toy industry. The typography was inspired by the Victorian era, which frames the beginning of the toy industry. The slab serif typeface, Sutro, fits well with the toy aesthetics. It has nice curves despite the harsh serifs. I used Helvetica to complement the serif and pull away from the complexity of other elements in the graphic. There are five main colors representing each country. Throughout the process I wanted the colors to have a retro feel and reference the vintage toys. After days of

exploration, I decided to pursue a lighter color palette. It has more energy and is lighthearted, which fits well with the toys themselves. The photographs are incorporated into the gears to convey a sense of motion and playfulness. They create a pattern, which also references the 1970s aesthetics. The layout of the poster is evenly spread out and each section continues on from the one before. For example, the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Industryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s major playersâ&#x20AC;? pull from the color palette of the gears, while the section below pulls the company names from that section. Line elements are heavily used throughout the piece. They function as section dividers, as well as an element to reference the country of origin.