Shelly Abad Olivia Alicea Matthew Bossler Joe Silins
Siting of: • 100-acre • single-family detached
(SFD) development • density of 4-7 dwelling units/acre • not necessarily contiguous
Use 1-2 methods of landscape analysis Self-critique method post-decision
Cultural Method: Mormon Settlement Pattern
Plat
of Zion: Joseph Smith Agrarian communities “The grid system” ½ acre lots Centralized townsite Growth-limiting, defensive green belt • 15,000-20,000 people living in one square mile • • • • •
Image courtesy of John W. Reps, Cornell University
Later communities • Far West, MO • Salt Lake City: Brigham Young Ten-acre temple, ten acre blocks 1 ¼ acre lots (bigger backyards) Dwelling setbacks of 20 feet
Wide streets
Plat of Far west, MO, courtesy of www.jwha.info.htm
Western Expansion
Contemporary LDS perspectives on the past: an interview with Rob Samuelson
Towns internally designed for communal benefit Communities sited for regional economic diversity, water availability and defense
Images courtesy of the Encyclopedia of Mormonism
Past: “vision, cooperation and interconnectedness, stewardship, and care and integration of the poor.”
Present:
EAST VALLEY, AZ
SPRAWL!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Images, clockwise from top left, courtesy of Google Earth, and „scrap arcs,” at flickr.com
WASATCH FRONT, UT Remember Springville and Spanish Fork?
Images courtesy of Google maps
A future solution: •New Urbanist design •Public transit investments
•Ban on exclusionary zoning •Housing cooperatives
2008. Daniels, Brigham. Revitalizing Zion: Nineteenth-Century Mormonism and Today's Urban Sprawl. Journal of Land, Resources and Environmental Law 28: 257.
Community Site Goals • Create a Low
Density Housing Development, appealing to LDS Church Members
Design Residents
Siting Criteria • Proximity to: Existing LDS churches General cultural centers Roads
• Residentially-zoned
land • Within urban growth boundary
Images, clockwise from top left, courtesy of: MSN Live Search, and San Luis Obispo General Plan
Terrain Analysis: Omernik Approach
Extrapolation from existing data, as well as from data from monitoring stations, requires a thorough understanding of the regional representativeness of these data…Much of the problem, however, lies in misuse of these regions rather than in their design. -Jim Omernik, “Defining Regions for Evaluating Environmental Resources,” 1989?
Ecoregions
• Multi-scale distinct
mapping of regions of environmental similarity • General Characteristics/criteria
Images courtesy of US EPA
of the U.S.
Hydrological Land use Land Surface Form Soils Potential Natural Vegetation
Extrapolation from existing data, as well as from data from monitoring stations, requires a thorough understanding of the regional representativeness of these data…Much of the problem, however, lies in misuse of these regions rather than in their design. -Jim Omernik, “Defining Regions for Evaluating Environmental Resources,” 1989?
Use: Development suitability for lowdensity housing in coastal California Siting criteria, prioritized:
• Environmental hazard
risk • Development cost • Environmental sensitivity • Aesthetic value
Strengths and Weaknesses of Methods Selected
•Proximity to cultural facilities •Proximity to roads •Appropriately-zoned land
•Proximity to cultural facilities •Proximity to roads •Appropriately-zoned land
Strengths and Weaknesses of Methods Selected
Strengths
• Highly centralized Weaknesses
• Highly centralized • Agriculturally-based
Strengths
• Good indicator of site-engineering costs Weaknesses
• Insensitivity to ecological concerns • Narrow focus