RWTH Aachen University Supervisor - Prof. Martin Bangratz WS 23/24
GIS-Box Project
Effect of different factors to natural environment change in Meuse-Rhine Euroregion
Mayu Masuda, Shubhrata Naik
Contents
1.
Introduction a. b. c. d.
2.
Natural element map a.
3.
Water and vegetation change map(2013, 2020)
Different factors a. b. c. d. e. f.
4.
Topic Area Rhythm Question
Urban development/ Built space Mobility Population Industrial Coal mining area Air pollution
Conclusion
Introduction Topic
Basic information from Literature research
Topic: Natural environment Area: Meuse-Rhine Euroregion Rhythm: Year(2006-2020)
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Abundant natural resources ○ Chalk and limestone ○ Gravel ○ Coal ○ Rapid industrialization due to coal mining ○ Gold-dust Cross border area ○ Various transportation
Research question How does the natural environment such as vegetation, water bodies, etc. change over time in response to various causes in Meuse-Rhine Euroregion? Which part of the region is facing environmental change? What is the most responsible factor out of population, industrialization, urbanization and mobility?
Research design
Meuse-Rhine Euroregion
Natural environmental change NDVI calculation for vegetation More vegetation in 2013
Vegetation type land use Vegetation and water bodies map 2013
Extracted Vegetation map 2013
Vegetation reduction hotspot area
Less vegetation in 2013
Areas which faced reduction in Vegetation (from 2013 to 2023)
Overlapped vegetation type land use on vegetation reduction areas. Affected vegetation type- farmland, grass, nature reserve, meadow Vegetation and water bodies map 2023
Extracted Vegetation map 2023
Approximate percentage of reduction in vegetation of each type
Major Possible Factors for the change in natural environment 1. Urban development/ Built space
3. Population
2. Mobility(2023)
Less population
Less Built spaces in 2013
Analysis maps
Mobility Primary Highway All the vehicle path Railway
Population 2016
Extracted built up spaces map 2013 from NDBI
Growth in population
Growth in Built spaces in 2023
Hotspot areas
Extracted built up spaces map 2023 from NDBI
Urban growth hotspot area
Area with more quantity of transportation
Transportation hotspot areas
Population 2023
Population growth hotspot area
Source : Population count data 2023 - https://data.humdata.org/dataset/kontur-population-germany Population count data 2013 - https://data.humdata.org/dataset/worldpop-population-counts-for-netherlands
Other Possible factors
Analysis maps
4. Industrial land use
5. Coal mining area(2016)
Industrial building(2023) Industrial area 2006
Vegetation reduction hotspot area Coal mining area
Industrial building Building
Industrial area
Hotspot areas
2018
6. Air polluted area(2013)
Area with high possibility of air pollution
Vegetation reduction hotspot area
Industrial area buffer zone
Area with exceedings of the daily PM10 limit value
Source (Mining area Map) : to be mentioned in Source page (Air polluted area Map) : edited by Mayu Masuda, source created by Paul Szabo-Müller, , Data: Lanuv, Ircel, Rivum, Province Limburg
Conclusion Conclusion 1
Highlighted areas faced reduction in Vegetation (from 2013 to 2023)
Conclusion 2
Most affected vegetation type is Farmland
Calculation for conclusion 3 Factor
(a) Area of Vegetation loss
(b) Area of overlapping between factor and vegetation loss
Vegetation reduction hotspot area
Vegetation reduction hotspot area Conclusion 3
Approximate percentage of reduction in vegetation of each type
Match = b(m^2) /a(m^2) *100 percentage
Factor affecting mostly for the vegetation loss is Urban development
Urban development
Industrial
Urban growth hotspot area
Approx. 88% match
Population
Industrial areas hotspot area
Approx. 53 % match
Mobility
Population growth hotspot area
Approx. 39 % match
Transportation hotspot areas
Approx. 31% match
Conclusion and Reflection Conclusion 4 Urban development
Most affected area and Least affected area to find out what triggered those several factors, especially urban development Industrial
Population
Mobility
Reflection The mapped data reveals location of most affected region and least affected region.
Mobility concentration Urban growth
Industrialization Huge population growth
Most affected Area
Middle affected Area
Least affected area
Examining the background of most affected region, it becomes apparent that coal mining initiated a phase of rapid industrialization. Combining the conclusion 3 and Conclusion 4, urban growth, has resulted in substantial vegetation loss. In summary, We need to always pay attention to the pace of changing environment since it deeply matters to the urban growth which is the primary reason of vegetation loss
Sources
Population count data 2023 : https://data.humdata.org/dataset/kontur-population-germany Population count data 2013 : https://data.humdata.org/dataset/worldpop-population-counts-for-netherlands Air polluted area : Data: Lanuv, Ircel, Rivum, Province Limburg Mining area : Data -Depressions caused by localized subsidence in the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany: a link with coal mining?(Geert-Jan Vis, 2020) The Rhenish Coal-Mining Area—Assessing the Transformational Talents and Challenges of a Region in Fundamental Structural Change( Stefan Greiving ,2022)) The prehistoric flint mining complex at Spiennes (Belgium) on the occasion of its discovery 140 years ago In P. Allard, F. Bostyn, F. Giligny & J. Lech, 2008. Flint mining in Prehistoric Europe: Interpreting the archaeological records. European Association of Archaeologists, 12th Annual Meeting, Cracow, Poland, 19th-24th September 2006 (BAR International Series 1891): 41-77(Collet Helene,2006) Industrial map : https://land.copernicus.eu/en/products/corine-land-cover Meuse-Rhine Euroregion -https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/librariesprovider2/country-sites/netherlands/rhn-meuse-rhine-eng.pdf?sfvrsn=1ca625cf_5&download=true EUREGIO IN PRACTICE(2019) : https://euregio-mr.info/euregio-mr-wAssets/img/Dokumente/Neuigkeiten/Euregio-konkret/EN_Euregio-in-practice-Euregio-Meuse-Rhine.pdf https://youregion-emr.eu/prepare/euregio-meuse-rhine/
Thank you
Mayu Masuda, Shubhrata Naik