CYMATIC UNIVERS
Copyright Š 2013 By Max Burger First edition All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any means with out the express written permission of the publisher. Colophon This book was wirtten and designed by Max Burger for Typography 2 class at the Academy of Art University in San Francisco, California. The typeface used is Univers designed by Adrian Frutiger in 1954. It's currently owned by Linotype. Thanks to Hans Jeeny for his work with cymatics help making this book possible.
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content/cymatic_univers The Experiment Weights of Univers Basic Typographic Principles Grids Dashes Glyphs & Symbols Contrast
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Cymatics is the study of sound and its vibration through visual media. For instance the use of sand on a latex diaphragm, through which sound is directed to create unique patterns depending on the frequency of the sound waves. The interesting thing about the science of Cymatics is that it makes sound that is ordinarily invisible to the human eye, visible.
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For my experiment above I used a cheap speaker, the lid to a tennis ball container and artists tape to keep the lid in place. From there I made non-newtonien fluid by mixing corn starch and water. Then I used the numbers of the weight of Univers to correspond to the hertz that the speaker was to put out. Thus creating the tone that corresponed to the wieght number. For instantce 55 roman = 55hz. This frequency makes a particular pattern and I have translated the pattern for this book.
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39 45
47
48 49
53
55 56
57
59
63
65
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68
73
75
76
83
What you see here are all the weights of univers made into cymatic patterns. This was done by taking the number for the weight and playing that number as hertz through the speaker, then taking the pattern made in the fluid and tracing it. From there I put it into Adobe Illustrator to achieve the final pattern which is shown above.
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67
KEY THE RESPEC T IVE CYMAT IC PAT T E RN
THE WEI GHT OF UNIVE RS
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BASIC TYPOGRAPHIC PRINCIPLES
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+1000
Tracking
+1
00
+50
0
Tracking works with the space between words or groups of text. It aids in the readablity of a the body copy.
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55
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Point Size
44
75
60
Point size refers to the height and width of glyphs and symbols.
35 _0011
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Leading
Leading is the space between lines of text. It is measured from baseline to baseline.
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Kerning
Kerning is the space between two letters. This is used mainly in making display type easier to read by descreasing or increasing the spacing between the letters.
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Alignments
These alingments (starting from the left) are flush left and ragged right. The opposite is flush right and ragged left.
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CENTERED
LEFT
RIGHT
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Justified
Here we see some of the most used justification styles there are. At the top is left justified. The bottom right is right justified. The bottom left is center justified.
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Widow
Widows are characterized by one word on its own line at the end of a paragraph.
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Orphan
An orphan can be characterized by a tittle or a subhead that is significatly seperated from the body text.
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GRIDS
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Columns
The vertical rows of a grid are know as columns. These are what give the grid its vertical stucture.
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Rows
The horizontal portions of a grid are know as rows. Here you can see that rows are just columns rotated 90째 to provide horizotal structure.
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Modular Grids
Modular grids are some of the most versatile and widely used type of grids. The box or rectangular structure makes it easy to precisely place content without problems.
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Column Grids
The column grid is widely used in web design and other media were only columns are desired. The column grid offers lots of flexabilty and is great for setting text.
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DASHES
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Em Dash
These are the biggest of the dashes. Typically used for notating the author of a quote or for breaking up sections of text.
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En Dash
En dashes are half the size of em dashes. They are typically and generally only used to seperate numbers.
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GLYPHS & SYMBOLS
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ABCDEF GHIJKLM NOPQRS TUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmno pqrstuvwxyz
0123456789 _0030
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!@#$%^&* (){ }[]/?<>`~;:\| ’”©®¥±µ¶» ¿§¢£¤℮◊™€ †‡‰
Glyphs & Symbols are what make up a typeface. They are the most important thing in showing the character of your content to properly convey the message.
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CON TRAST
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High
High contrast is acheived by putting two things together that are polar opposites. This is seen in the example above where you can see the rich blue against the stark white.
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Low
Low contrast can be easliy be achieved by taking two values that are very similar and combining them as seen in the example above.
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