Carrickfergus Built Heritage - Education Resources by Mid and East Antrim Borough Council

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www.midandeastantrim.gov.uk

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Delivered by Carrickfergus Townscape Heritage Initiative (THI) and the National Lottery Heritage Fund. The Carrickfergus (THI) is a regeneration programme delivered by Mid and East Antrim Borough Council, providing grant aid to eligible properties within the Carrickfergus town centre to refurbish and conserve the buildings. The Education Programme also aims to engage locals with their built heritage and create a greater understanding of the town's quality architecture.

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CARRICKFERGUS BUILT HERITAGE This education pack is primarily intended for teachers of pupils in P5-7 in KS2 and Years 8-9 in KS3. It includes resources developed around three topics that allow an exploration of Carrickfergus’s built heritage—Medieval Carrickfergus, Victorian Carrickfergus, and My Carrickfergus. • Using ICT Across the Curriculum: this has not been explicitly referenced in the pack due to the variable nature of ICT provision, but it is expected that teachers will incorporate ICT in various forms. The My Carrickfergus unit is particularly suited.

The Medieval Carrickfergus unit works in conjunction with Carrickfergus Museum’s ‘Tale of a Medieval Town’ workshop, in addition to the Kids’n’Castles app, available from both iOS’s App Store and Android’s Play Store. Similarly, the ‘Meet the Weatherups’ workshop dovetails with the Victorian Carrickfergus unit.

PACK CONTENTS

There are also clear links with popular topics for target Key Stages. By contrast, the My Carrickfergus unit can stand alone. It is intended to encourage pupils to explore their personal relationship with the town’s built heritage through the use of questionnaires and research. By extending that exploration into previous generations pupils will gain an understanding of change and continuity within their local environment.

THESE ARE AS FOLLOWS: • Relevant background information. This is largely focused on the specifics of the medieval period in Carrickfergus as it’s expected that teachers will be familiar with the Victorian period. Information is also provided on the built heritage cited throughout all topics. • three key topics, namely Medieval Carrickfergus, Victorian Carrickfergus, and My Carrickfergus. Each topic contains a tailored Scheme of Work (SoW) and a number of extra resources that correlate to the lessons outlined within the SoW can be found on-line on the THI web-page. There may also be lesson specific teacher’s notes. • the resources themselves include: word searches, worksheets, loose images, a video for Medieval Carrickfergus and questionnaires for My Carrickfergus. There’s an emphasis on flexible resources (e.g., media, card sorting etc) rather than those which are text-based. It is hoped that this will allow teachers to use the resources across the full target age and ability range. In addition, with the exception of the My Carrickfergus topic, the vast majority of the resources can be used independently; this permits teachers to slot these resources into existing lesson plans and schemes.

PACK AIMS • to introduce KS2/3 pupils to the diversity of built heritage around them • to encourage pupils to consider the impact Carrickfergus’s built heritage has had on their own lives and that of their families • to demonstrate the historical concepts of change and continuity in tangible form • to encourage pupils to explore Carrickfergus’s built heritage themselves, for example by visiting the Museum through the Kids’n’Castles app.

CURRICULUM ELEMENTS (KS2 & 3) Whilst the pack is obviously applicable to KS2’s ‘The World Around Us’ and KS3 History, the following NI Curriculum elements are addressed: STRANDS • Personal & Mutual Understanding • Cultural Understanding • Education for Sustainable Development

We hope that teachers and pupils find these resources informative and engaging. Last but by no means least, we hope pupils will be inspired to further explore Carrickfergus’s fascinating past through the the built heritage around us.

SKILLS • Communication: Talking and Listening, Reading, Writing • Thinking Skills and Personal Capabilities: particularly Thinking, Problem-Solving and Decision Making, SelfManagement, Working With Others.

MEA, 2018

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EXPERIENCE

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TEACHERS RESOURCE 1: The following pages contain a reduced version of the Carrickfergus walking tours booklet.

YEARS IN ONE DAY

A full size PDF of the document is available at: www.midandeastantrim.gov.uk/ downloads/Carrickfergus_Walking_Tours.pdf

CARRICKFERGUS WALKING TOURS FOLLOW THE FOOTSTEPS OF KINGS, KNIGHTS AND PRESIDENTS 4

Illustration of Fergus from Les Vrais Pourtraits et Vies des Hommes Illustres by André Thevet (Paris, 1584)

EARLY

CARRICKFERGUS Carrickfergus’ history is both long and fascinating. It is one of the most excavated towns in Ireland, and objects unearthed during archaeological investigations show that there were pre-historic inhabitants in the region from as early as the Irish Mesolithic (7000–4000BC). Settlements of this period are likely to have been tribal and possibly temporary in nature, not the permanent village or town we are familiar with today. According to legend, the name Carrickfergus came from Fergus, reputedly the First King of Scotland. It is said he sailed home to Ulster in 501 A.D., in search of a cure for his leprosy from a healing well, believed to exist in this area. His ship foundered on the enormous basalt rock or “carraig” upon which the castle was later built and, from that point on, the rock was known as “Carraig-Fergus”. The body of Fergus was said to have washed ashore and he was buried in Monkstown Abbey, on the slopes of Knockagh Hill. Whilst it has proven difficult to determine the exact life story of Fergus Mór mac Eirc, (Great Fergus, son of Eirc), many historians acknowledge that he is an important historic figure, considered by many to be the “Father of Scotland”. The 131st High King of Ireland, Fergus ruled over Dál Riata, a Gaelic kingdom which included northeastern Ulster and western Scotland. Whether by conquest or treaty, Fergus moved the throne of Dál Riata from Ireland to Scotland in 498 A.D. and, in the process, was crowned the first King of Scotland.

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Over 1100 years later in 1666 the Duke of Ormonde visited Carrickfergus. He asked historian William Montgomery where Fergus’ body had been found and where the grave was.

WELCOME

Fergus reputedly took with him to Scotland the famous “Lia Fail” or ‘‘Stone of Destiny’’, upon which every Scottish King has since taken their oath. The stone is said to have been removed to Westminster Abbey by Edward I in the 13th century, and is still used in the coronation of British monarchs. In 1997, the stone was restored to Scotland and now sits in Edinburgh Castle, but is to be returned to Westminster Abbey for future British royal coronations.

Welcome to the Heritage Carrickfergus walking tour. This tour is designed to be self-guided, ensuring that visitors are given the opportunity to take in all of the major historical attractions our town has to offer. Your walk today will encompass the entire range of Carrickfergus’ history - from the 12th century Norman castle and church to the 20th century industrial heritage of the town with the fascinating Flame! Gasworks Museum.

In the centuries immediately following Fergus’ rule, Carrickfergus is rarely mentioned in historical documents. The real story of the town and its importance in Irish and British history begins in the late 1170’s with the invasion of the Norman knights.

For a large portion of the tour, your path will follow our magnificent town walls. Completed in 1615, the walls of Carrickfergus pre-date Londonderry Walls and around half of the original circuit remains intact and preserved. This guide book aims to provide an overview of the attractions however you will find detailed information about the town walls on signage boards located at various points around the walls. Additional printed information is available at several of the attractions.

In 1823 Belfast histtorian George Benn kstown that wrote of Monk “ Theere is a curious and general tradition among the people, that Fergus I, ng of Scotland, was buried here, and some Kin even n yett prettend to point out the spot.”

A timeline of the town’s history displayed in Market Place in the town centre provides an excellent chronological overview of significant events in our history and provides a wonderful photo-opportunity for visitors to get a picture with a life-sized Norman knight! We welcome you to our town and hope that this tour gives you a very real sense of an ancient history of which we are very proud.

FOR A FULLER, MORE IN DEPTH EXPERIENCE, WHY NOT BOOK A GUIDED TOUR OF THE TOWN WITH ONE OF OUR EXPERIENCED TOUR GUIDES ? For further details and costs, please contact: Visitor Information Centre, Carrickfergus Castle, Marine Highway, Carrickfergus BT38 7BG T: 028 9335 8222 E: visitorinfo@midandeastantrim.gov.uk 4

CARRICKFERGUS MUSEUM

Illustration of a steam fire engine made by Merriweather and Sons in 1908 which is now housed in the museum.

The museum provides a remarkable glimpse into this historic town from earliest times to the present day. As one of the most archaeologically explored town in Ireland, the finds on display at Carrickfergus Museum provide a remarkable glimpse into life in the town from the Medieval period through to recent times. As well as significant artefacts from the Council's civic collection, the museum also houses objects from other private and national collections. In addition to the permanent displays, an engaging and varied programme of temporary exhibitions take place throughout the year, including special exhibitions produced by the museum as well as touring exhibitions and displays from local artists and groups.

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The Civic Centre in which the museum is housed is a building with a fascinating history in its own right which you may wish to read before moving on…

MAKE SURE TO SEE The magnificent Kane Atlas, presented to Colonel Richard Kane by King Louis XIV at the Palace of Versailles in 1712 Elizabethan and Jacobean town charters Ceremonial sword and mace from 1712 Silver farthings made in Carrickfergus for John De Courcy A medieval tower house window from Market Place The skeleton of a Barbary ape that once roam med the grounds of the Franciscan Friary.

VISITOR INFORMATION

The famous silver Ceremonial Sword (presented to Carrickfergus Corporation in 1712) and silver-gilt Mace of Carrickfergus (presented to the Corporation by Richard Gardner in the same year).

April to Sept: Monday–Friday 10am–5pm; Saturday 10am–4pm Admission Charges: Free Contact: Carrickfergus Museum and Civic Centre, 11 Antrim Street, Carrickfergus T: 028 9335 8241 E: carrickfergusmuseums@midandeastantrim.gov.uk 05

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CIVIC CENTRE AND TOWN HALL INCLUDING HANGING GATE

Carrickfergus Civic Centre houses the town museum as well as providing accommodation for some council departments and functions. Consisting of a spacious glass atrium built between two red-brick structures, this site has served many different purposes over some 800 years. This location was originally the site of a Franciscan friary built by Hugh de Lacy in 1240, (where he was later buried). The friary was suppressed during the Reformation in Ireland in the mid-16th century and was later converted to a storehouse for arms. By 1610, the buildings had fallen into ruins, and Sir Arthur Chichester (Lord Deputy of Ireland) chose this site to build his new home. Joymount Palace took some 8 years to complete and was a magnificent building, described by an English traveller of the time as being a “prince’s palace”, with 365 windows, 52 doors and 12 chimney breasts.

Contemporary illustration of the civic centre and town hall complex.

Chichester soon turned his attentions to expanding his estate lands to the north and the establishment of Belfast. By 1724, the Chichester family had ceased to reside in Joymount Palace. The building fell into disrepair and was demolished in 1768. In 1778, construction began on the County of Antrim Gaol on the site and the following year the Courthouse (present day building) was constructed. The gaol was enlarged on a number of occasions and, by 1815, consisted of 150 cells, each of which provided two beds, expected to accommodate up to four prisoners. Execution by hanging, which until 1819 had been carried out at Gallow’s Green, took place at the “Hanging Gate”, a site now marked by a small archway and plaque on the perimeter wall on Antrim Street. 1844 saw the last public execution take place but there was such public outcry at the hanging of 18 year-old soldier, John Cordery, (executed for shooting his bullying sergeant), that public executions ceased, though hangings continued to take place away from public view.

The Civic Centre building on a glorious sunny day.

CIVIC CENTRE AND TOWN HALL

The town hall building displaying the civic crest.

The site of the “Hanging Gate”, commemorated by a discreet brass plaque.

Originally the site of a Franciscan Friary, the site of the Civic Centre has been in continued use for some 800 years.

The reception area with the barred windows of the ordnance stores in the background.

Public hangings took place until 1844 at “The Hanging Gate” and Antrim Street was once known locally as “Drop View Terrace”.

Despite several attempts over the years to remove court sessions to other towns, the courthouse and gaol in Antrim Street served the county through until 1850, when sessions were moved to the new Crumlin Road Gaol in Belfast. It is reported that the in-mates of the day were forced to march the more than 10 miles to their new incarceration in shackles.

In 1992, council made the decision to dedicate the main part of the artillery stores to house a new visitor attraction – a themed monorail history ride. Although it enjoyed great popularity at its height, the “Knight Ride” ultimately proved to be commercially unviable and, in 2002, the difficult decision was made to close the attraction.

In 1856 the Antrim Artillery acquired the site for their use as a barrack and ordnance store. In 1896 they demolished the old gaol and erected new buildings. With the castle as its headquarters, the militia had 980 men at its height. After the First World War the unit was demobilised, and the site went out of use. Standing in the glass atrium of the civic centre today and looking upwards, one can still see the barred windows of the ordnance stores. A small cell house also survives today, and is thought to have been used to hold rule-breaking soldiers.

The closure did, however, facilitate the development of a new museum – a much-needed facility for such a historic and heavily excavated town. Carrickfergus Museum was officially opened in 2005 and now houses a wealth of archaeological material as well as notable and valuable artefacts relating to the area's long and distinguished history.

In 1934, the newly formed Borough of Carrickfergus Council chose the surviving old courthouse to be the town hall with part of the former artillery stores used as offices. The Dobbs Room, (now used for meetings, civil ceremonies, and civic receptions), would have been one of the main courtrooms. Adjoining the Dobbs Room is a round tower, thought to be the last remaining remnant of the Barbican Gatehouse which stood in front of Joymount Palace. The large Jubilee Hall in the town hall is used for concerts, dances and large-scale functions and is said to have some of the best acoustics of any hall in Northern Ireland.

VISITOR INFORMATION Guided tours of the Town Hall can be arranged on request. Contact: Carrickfergus Museum and Civic Centre, 11 Antrim Street, Carrickfergus T: 028 9335 8241 E: carrickfergusmuseums@midandeastantrim.gov.uk 06 01

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TOWN WALLS

SHAFTESBURY PARK, NORTH GATE AND IRISH GATE

The following aims to provide an overview of the walls history but look out for the information signage along the route, designed to provide information on particular features of historical interest. Whilst there were more than 40 walled towns in Ireland by the end of the 17th century, there were only a handful in Ulster and, of those, only the walls of Carrickfergus and Londonderry survive today. The walls in Carrickfergus may be somewhat less substantial, (and perhaps less celebrated), than those of Londonderry but they do pre-date their counterpart, making Carrickfergus the oldest walled town in Ulster. Carrickfergus was first protected by earth ditches in the medieval period to defend the growing settlement surrounding the castle. The defensive earth ditch and bank walls were partially replaced by stone in the late 1500’s. Queen Elizabeth I had promised that the earthen walls would be replaced in stone and this work was started in 1608 under the direction of Sir Arthur Chichester with one hundred men beginning work that summer and continuing each summer until the walls were complete in 1615.

Contemporary illustration of the North Gatte.

The method of working was to first encircle the town with a low wall up to three metres thick on very strong foundations and then build higher each year resulting in the ‘banded’ effect now visible, especially at Joymount, where your tour of the walls begins. The completed stone walls were 1159 metres long and over 6 metres high with four gates: Irish Gate and North Gate, (both of which had moats and drawbridges), Quay Gate, and the smaller Water Gate. In addition to the gates, seven protective bastions were strategically positioned along the length of the walls. As well as the obvious protective purpose, the walls also allowed for strict control of tolls and taxes on goods within the town and enabled curfews on those entering or living in the town to be more easily enforced. The protection afforded by the walls and the castle made Carrickfergus an important stronghold for those who sought to control the area and this contributed to the town’s strategic importance in British and Irish history. Over the centuries, those in power saw the town as a safe haven whilst those seeking power saw it as a key strategic target. In these respects, the walls served up mixed fortunes.

The town wall at the entrance to the former Joymount Palace.

TOWN WALLS

A view from atop the ramparts at the north-east bastion.

Commenced in 1608 and completed in 1615, the town walls in Carrickfergus pre-date the more illustrious Derry’s Walls.

Today, around half of the 1159 metres of the original circuit of the walls remains in excellent preservation, telling much of the fascinating story of the town’s last 500 years’ of history.

Of the four original gates, the North Gate is the only remaining.

A re-enactment at the town wall on European Heritage Open Day.

During the 1641 rebellion, the walls ensured that Carrickfergus was one of the chief places of refuge in the North of Ireland and was one of the few Ulster towns to escape attack.

Quay Gate had been removed. Further changes affected the walls in 1838 when the two south west corner bastions with adjoining parts of the walls were removed.

In August 1689, however, the walls were unable to withstand the Duke of Schomberg and his Williamite army. At that time Carrickfergus was held for King James II by three Jacobite regiments. The strategic importance of Carrickfergus meant that its capture was the Duke’s first priority and the town was put under siege. The Duke’s heavy artillery breached the walls in several places, notably just east of the North Gate. This breach was subsequently repaired but the scar left in the wall can still be clearly seen. After a week, the garrison was forced to surrender. The way cleared, King William III subsequently landed at Carrickfergus on 14 June 1690.

Since 1886, however, the walls have been safe from deliberate damage and, in 1972, Department of the Environment archaeologists began working at the Irish Gate site. Partly as a result of this work, the importance of the walls as a historic monument was acknowledged and, in 1990, the walls were taken into the care of the Department of the Environment (now Department for Communities), their future survival assured. Today, an unbroken stretch of just under half of the original circuit of the walls remains in excellent preservation, telling much of the story of the town’s last 500 years of history.

The walls received much needed repairs in response to the 1715 Jacobite rising in Scotland, when the fabric of the walls, gates and drawbridges were brought back to their former glory. These repairs received many a test of their strength in subsequent years. Notably, in 1760, a force of 800 French soldiers under Commodore François Thurot landed at Kilroot and marched on Carrickfergus, half of the force attacking the North Gate and half attacking at Joymount. During this attack, the bastion at Joymount was badly damaged and was not rebuilt.

MAKE SURE TO SEE The north-east bastion is the only remaining full bastion and is one of the best-preserved sections of the wall

Sadly, throughout the 19th and even much of the 20th century the preservation of historical heritage perhaps was not afforded the importance that it is today and the walls were not spared from the path of progress. During the 1800’s the narrow gates became regarded as a problem and, by 1821, Irish Gate and

Of the original four gates, the North Gate is the only remaining preserved gate The breach of the walls by General Schomberg’s troops at St. Bride’s Street car park 07 01

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Andrew Jackson Cottage US Rangers Centre

CARRICK 3

Marine Gardens

FERGUS WALKING TOUR 1&2 Carrickfergus Museum & Galleries

Walls Walk

Saint Nicholas Church

Flame! Gasworks Museum

Historic Harbour

Carrickfergus Castle

NB: The Andrew Jackson Cottage and US Rangers Centre are a 20 minute walk from the town centre, along Marine Highway and the Larne Road.

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Carrickfergus Marina and Promenade

ST. NICHOLAS’ CHURCH Saint Nicholas’ Church is a magnificent building, originally constructed at the same time as our iconic castle. Whilst the building perhaps lacks the ornateness of some other great cathedrals and churches, its austere modesty creates a becalming atmosphere of reverence. The church was established on this site in 1182 by John de Courcy, a knight of Anglo-Norman descent but it is thought that this was a site of worship even pre-dating this time. It is believed to have been attached to St. Mary’s Abbey, also founded by de Courcy for the Premonstratensian Order of monks. Originally, the church looked quite different to its current form in several ways. The building has been reconstructed several times in its history due to roof collapses and numerous attacks. In essence, however, it is still a wonderful example of Norman architecture.The body of the church was originally much wider, with the Norman arches, (still part of the present structure), opening out to side aisles. The chancel was originally shorter and was lengthened by Robert le Mercer in 1305/6, giving it the rather unique distinction of having a chancel longer than its nave.

Contemporary illustration of Saint Nicholas' Church in the heart of Carrickfergus.

In 1614, the church underwent a major reconstruction by one Thomas Paps, “freemason”, under the instruction of Sir Arthur Chichester. The mayor of the time had requested the assistance of the Lord Deputy after the church had been reportedly “burned and spoyled by the Rebells”. A notable feature of the church is the “skew” or “crooked aisle”. Often assumed to be an architectural or construction mistake, this feature is quite deliberate. When Christ died on the cross it is said that his head fell to the right and, along with the cruciform layout of the building, this skew is thought to be symbolic of the crucifixion. The only other example of this in Ulster is Saint Patrick’s Cathedral, Armagh.

The magnificent Anglo-Norman Saint Nicholas Church, captured beautifully in the sun.

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ST. NICHOLAS’ CHURCH

Recent scholarship has concluded that Edward Bruce’s coronation as King of Ireland took place here in June 1315. Twelve Irish kings swore loyalty to him, forming a Scottish-Irish alliance to overthrow the Anglo-Normans

A view of the chancel which has the rather unique distinction of being longer than the nave.

TOWN WALLS

SHAFTESBURY PARK, NORTH GATE AND IRISH GATE

The following aims to provide an overview of the walls history but look out for the information signage along the route, designed to provide information on particular features of historical interest.

Saint Nicholas' has experienced many forms of worship in its history. Today, it is in the Church of Ireland (Anglican) tradition. It is thought that this is where the first Presbytery in Ireland was held in June 1642.

Whilst there were more than 40 walled towns in Ireland by the end of the 17th century, there were only a handful in Ulster and, of those, only the walls of Carrickfergus and Londonderry survive today. The walls in Carrickfergus may be somewhat less substantial, (and perhaps less celebrated), than those of Londonderry but they do pre-date their counterpart, making Carrickfergus the oldest walled town in Ulster. Carrickfergus was first protected by earth ditches in the medieval period to defend the growing settlement surrounding the castle. The defensive earth ditch and bank walls were partially replaced by stone in the late 1500’s.

The church also boasts a number of fascinating and beautiful internal features. The Chichester Monument which dominates the Chichester or Donegall Aisle is the burial vault of this family, so influential to Carrickfergus and, indeed, Ireland. This elaborate Jacobean monument in marble and alabaster dates to 1625 and is quite unique in Ulster. The tiny effigy between Sir Arthur Chichester and wife, Lettice, of their only child who died in infancy is particularly poignant.

Queen Elizabeth I had promised that the earthen walls would be replaced in stone and this work was started in 1608 under the direction of Sir Arthur Chichester with one hundred men beginning work that summer and continuing each summer until the walls were complete in 1615.

The church has a number of fascinating examples of stained glass. At the end of the chancel is the magnificent Main East Window and, situated in the nave is a window depicting Jesus being baptised by John the Baptist. The “leper window”, a low, narrow window beside the prayer desk in the organ console, is somewhat inconspicuous but holds a fascinating story. It is said that lepers from the hospital in the east suburb of the town, (who were not permitted entry to the church), used this window to watch services and to receive the sacrament. The famous Saint Nicholas Window in the baptistry depicts the Saint to whom the church is dedicated, featured in various guises including that of Santa Claus on his reindeerdrawn sleigh, with the result that it is affectionately referred to as the "Santa Claus" window.

Given the age of the church, the cemetery is also exceptionally interesting with many ancient graves, and magnificent familial memorials dating back hundreds of years.

The protection afforded by the walls and the castle made Carrickfergus an important stronghold for those who sought to control the area and this contributed to the town’s strategic importance in British and Irish history. Over the centuries, those in power saw the town as a safe haven whilst those seeking power saw it as a key strategic target. In these respects, the walls served up mixed fortunes.

Saint Nicholas’ has been a site of almost continual worship for more than 800 years and continues to be a living church. Visitors are asked to be respectful of the fact that, whilst visiting, they are guests of the church and its congregation.

FLAME!

GASWORKS MUSEUM Flame! is Ireland’s only remaining preserved Victorian gasworks and is a significant site of the town’s industrial heritage. During the 1800s and 1900s, coal gas was used for heat, light and power, before it was eventually superseded by electricity and natural gas. Flame! is now the only place in Ireland where you can witness how gas was made from coal. The gasworks opened in 1855 and supplied the town with gas made from coal until 1967. It was subsequently used to distribute gas piped from Belfast until its closure in 1987. The gasworks was restored by the Carrickfergus Gasworks Preservation Society and opened to the public as a visitor attraction in 2002. Flame! is one of only three preserved gasworks in the British Isles. It boasts Western Europe’s largest set of retorts, (in which the gas was made), and an extensive collection of gas appliances and documents. During your tour you will see the ingenious way in which gas was extracted from the coal. You’ll also be able to climb the gasholder and get a panoramic view of the town. The stoker will entertain you with his tall tales, but be prepared for a fright in the shower!

MAKE SURE TO SEE The largest collection of gas retorts (in which coal was cooked to produce gas) in Western Europe The wonderful view of the town from atop the gasholder Audio visual presentation explaining how coal-gas was produced

Contemporary illustration of the extensive Gasworks Museum site.

VISITOR INFORMATION

The entrance to the Gasworks Museum on Irish Quarter West.

May to Sept: Daily (except Saturdays) 2pm -5pm October to April: Open by prior arrangement. Group Bookings by prior arrangement Admission Charges: Free (Donations gratefully received) Disabled access: Disabled access throughout the site (except library, basement & gasholder) Contact: FLAME Gasworks Museum, 44 Irish Quarter West, Carrickfergus BT38 7LH Tel: 028 9336 9575 Email: info@flamegasworks.co.uk W: www.flamegasworks.co.uk Also on Facebook & Twitter

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HISTORIC HARBOUR

KING WILLIAM STATUE AND KING WILLIAM PIER Carrickfergus people have long depended on the town’s wonderful coastal setting, with the salty sea air evoking rich memories of fishing, shipbuilding, and bustling trade and commerce. Whilst subsistence fishing would have been a mainstay to locals, commercial fishing became an increasingly important industry with herring, cod, lobster, oysters and mussels all abundant. At its height, some 300 people were directly employed in the local fishing industry. Throughout the medieval period, Carrickfergus was the main commercial port in Ulster – a hub of European-wide trading. Indeed, Belfast Lough was known as “Carrickfergus Bay” until well into the 17th century. In 1637, however, Carrickfergus sold its custom rights to Belfast, contributing to the decline in importance of the former and rise of the latter. The old harbour was the site of the landing of King William III on 14th June 1690 ahead of his victorious Irish campaign against James II which included the famous Battle of the Boyne. His landing is commemorated by a blue plaque on the historic King William Pier and, in 1990, a life-size bronze was unveiled in commemoration of the town’s link to this hugely influential figure in Irish and British history. Contemporary illustration of King William Statue, gazing out to sea.

The 19th century saw rapid industrial development, fuelled by growth in the local textile industry and salt-mining at Kilroot and facilitated by an expanding shipbuilding industry, with Paul Rodgers’ shipyard employing 150 men at its height. This growth in commercial activity led to expansion of the harbour and, in 1885, two new piers were officially opened by the Prince and Princess of Wales for whom they were named after (the Edward and Alexandra piers). Into the 20th century, coal importation increased and Carrickfergus was a principal landing site for John Kelly Ltd., one of the most significant solid fuel importers in Northern Ireland. This commercial prosperity was not to last, however, and the last merchant ships discharged their cargo at Carrickfergus Harbour in 1996, signalling the end to commercial shipping. As an important chapter in Carrickfergus’ maritime story closed, the focus of the waterfront area transitioned towards recreation and leisure.

The historic King William pier.

Contemporary illustration of the Andrew Jackson Cottage at Boneybefore.

The faithfully restored interior of the Andrew Jackson Cottage.

The magnificent and imposing site of the iconic Carrickfergus Castle.

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GO FURTHER

ANDREW JACKSON COTTAGE US RANGERS MUSEUM

MARINE GARDENS AND PROMENADE

The Andrew Jackson Cottage is a visitor centre dedicated to the 7th President of the USA, whose parents emigrated to America from Carrickfergus in 1765.

Marine Gardens is a beautiful park-space within sight of the castle to the north-west. Refurbished in 2012 as part of a £1.3 million investment, the park consists of three distinct spaces with a winding walk as far as Fisherman’s Quay, where visitors can make their return to the castle along the delightful seafront promenade, (around 2km in total).

Located less than a mile from the town centre, in the picturesque village of Boneybefore, the traditional, thatched farmhouse offers a glimpse into the mid eighteenth century life of Jackson’s parents. The original Jackson cottage was demolished in 1860 to accommodate the new railway. It was one of twelve similar cottages that stood in the village at that time. The cottage has been faithfully restored to its original state, including an open fireplace with daub and wattle canopy and hanging crane as well as many other fixtures and fittings typical of the time. It is said that, more than any predecessor, Andrew “Old Hickory” Jackson was elected by popular vote and he sought to act on behalf of the common man. A character of fearsome reputation and strong convictions, his name has been associated with the spread of democracy and the passing of political power from established elites to ordinary voters. Jackson and his supporters were founders of the Democratic Party. The centre honours President Jackson and his links with Carrickfergus with an impressive exhibition of his life and achievements.

The cenotaph features a full-sized, restored Churchill Mk VII tank, (a tank factory operated in the town during World War II), and the remembrance garden provides a thoughtful space to remember brave borough residents who have made the ultimate sacrifice serving their country.

The U.S. Rangers Museum is another tribute to Carrickfergus’ links to the United States of America. The Museum pays homage to the soldiers of the 1st Ranger Battalion of the elite U.S. Rangers which was sanctioned, recruited, and began training in Carrickfergus in June, 1942.

The Marine Gardens clock has been a distinctive feature of the park since it was originally established in 1967 and incorporates a viewing platform over the wide green recreational space as well as a café offering a pleasant rest-point. The children’s play-park area was built with the town’s maritime roots firmly in mind. The centrepiece is the 30ft galleon, “Result”, which was the last schooner to be built in Carrickfergus. The park offers a fun and safe environment for our younger visitors.

Designed to be modelled on the British Commandos, members of the 1st Ranger Battalion were the first American soldiers to see combat in the European theatre, in World War Two. Of 500 volunteers who first formed the Rangers at Carrickfergus, only 87 survived by the end of the war. The exhibition has an enthralling collection of uniforms, photographs, documents and other material detailing this famed combat unit and providing poignant reminders of these young lives lost. Despite undergoing several dis-bandments and re-designations in intervening years, the US Rangers, now known as the 75th Ranger Regiment, continues to serve the U.S. military with distinction to this day.

VISITOR INFORMATION Summer season: Wednesday – Sunday 11am – 3pm all year round (Can be opened at other times by prior arrangement) Admission Charges: Free admission Disabled access: restricted Contact: Visitor Information Centre, Carrickfergus Castle, Marine Highway, BT38 7BG T: 028 9335 8222 E: visitorinfo@midandeastantrim.gov.uk

The splendid Marine Gardens which overlook Belfast Lough.

FOR ENQUIRIES OR FURTHER INFORMATION, PLEASE CONTACT: The 5 Gold Anchor marina includes a beautiful sea promenade where seals are often spotted.

Visitor Information Centre Carrickfergus Castle, Marine Highway, Carrickfergus BT38 7BG T: 028 9335 8222 E: visitorinfo@midandeastantrim.gov.uk

CARRICKFERGUS MARINA AND PROMENADE Carrickfergus Marina is a state-of-the-art maritime facility that boasts the prestigious 5 Gold Anchor and European Blue Flag status as well as designation as a Royal Yacht Association Sailability Centre. The marina continues Carrickfergus’ proud maritime traditions by offering a spectacular and modern facility with every imaginable amenity for the sailing community. The promenade provides a beautiful walk, taking visitors around the entire marina area and to a small headland where, for much of spring and summer, seals can be spotted squabbling for basking space on a rock which just barely breaks the surface of the water.

The headland also offers wonderful views across the lough to Royal Belfast Golf Club and Helen’s Bay and up the lough to Belfast with Samson and Goliath, the world-famous twin yellow cranes of Harland and Wolff, just visible. The walk from castle to end-point and back is approximately 2km but the entire waterfront area boasts a range of bars and cafes where the “weary traveller” can find ample reward for their exertions.

Please note: all details correct at time of going to press but are subject to change without notice E & OE

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SIR JOHN DE COURCY Sir John de Courcy (also Courci; 1150–1219) was an Anglo-Norman knight who arrived in Ireland in 1176. From then until his expulsion in 1204, he conquered a considerable territory, endowed religious establishments, built abbeys for both the Benedictines and the Cistercians and built strongholds at Dundrum Castle in County Down and Carrickfergus Castle in County Antrim. EARLY CAREER IN IRELAND Belonging to a family which took its name from Courcy, Calvados, John de Courcy, of Stoke Courcy, in Somerset, came to Ireland around the year 1171 as part of the Norman invading forces, brought in as mercenaries working for Early career in Ireland Diarmaid Mac Murchadha, the ousted King of Leinster, to help him regain his position as king. De Courcy's greatgrandfather, Richard de Curci is named in the Domesday Book. His grandfather, William de Courcy I, married Emma of Falaise. His father, William de Courcy II, married Avice de Meschines and died about 1155, leaving the family estates in Somerset and elsewhere in England to his son, William de Courcy III, John's elder brother. John was very ambitious and wanted lands for himself. He decided to invade the north of Ireland which was controlled by Irish dynasties. In early January 1177 he assembled a small army of 22 knights and 300-foot

soldiers and marched north, at the rate of thirty miles a day. They skirted the back of the Mourne Mountains and took the town of Dún Dá Leathghlas (now Downpatrick) by surprise. After two fierce battles, in February and June 1177, de Courcy defeated the last King of Ulaid, Ruaidhrí Mac Duinnshléibhe. He did all this without King Henry II's permission. After conquering eastern Ulster he established his caput at Carrickfergus, where he built an impressive stone castle. Other monasteries and castles that he built are Inch Abbey and Dundrum. He married Affreca, daughter of Godred II Olafsson, King of Mann. It is likely that the marriage, as in the case of many kings and those aspiring to be kings in those days, was political, to seal an alliance with her father who paid homage to the King of Norway. John and Affreca's descendants held the title of Baron Kingsale. Affreca built a monastery at Greyabbey dedicated to Saint Mary of The Yoke of God. She is buried there and her effigy, in stone, can still be seen. In 1183, de Courcy provided for the establishment of a priory at the cathedral of Down with generous endowments to the Benedictines from Chester in England (free from all subjugation to Chester Cathedral). This building was destroyed by an earthquake in 1245. He also created a cell for Benedictines at St. Andrews in the Ards (Black Abbey) for the houses of Stoke Courcy in Somerset and Lonlay in France, which was near Inishargy, Kircubbin, in present-day County Down. The early Irish monastery of Nendrum was given to the Benedictine house of St Bees in Cumberland in order that they might also establish a cell. His wife, Affreca, founded the Cistercian monastery of Grey Abbey, Co. Down, as a daughter house of Holm Cultram (Cumberland) in 1193. He also made incursions into the west to increase his territory and lordship. In 1188 he invaded Connacht, but was repulsed and the next year he plundered Armagh.

12 A De Courcy minted coin (on display at Carrickfergus Museum)

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GENEALOGY Familty tree 1 ________________________________________ | | | | Baudri the German Vigor =niece of Godfrey (?) of Brionn | |________________________________________________________________________________________________

| | | | | | | | | | Nicholas Fulk Robert Richard Baudri Vigor Elizabeth daughters de Bacqueville de Alnou de Courcy of Neville of Bocquence of Apulia issue issue =Hebrea issue issue | | Richard =Wandelmode | __________________________| | | | | | | Robert Richard William, died c. 1130. =Rohesia de Grandesmil =Emma de Falise | | | | William Robert, died c. 1151. | | de Courcy de Courcy of France of England and Ireland

| |

=Fulk of Bonneval

Familty tree 2 Serlo de Burci Corbutonis de Falise =? =Ameline | | | |_________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | | Martin = Geva de Burci = William de Falise Roger Gaufridus Galterus | | | |_____________________________ | | | | | | Robert fitz Martin Emma = William de Courcy Sibil = Baldwin de Bullers | ___________________________|______________ | | | | | | William, died c. 1151. Robert Jordan =? =Avice de Rumelly | | |____________________ |___________ | | | | | | | | | | William Robert Richard John Jordan | | Baron Kingsale 13

| |

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REFERENCES Footnotes 1. "John de Courci" in Encyclopædia Britannica 2. DeBreffny Castles of Ireland, pp. 104–105. 3. read online 4. DeBreffny Churches and Abbeys of Ireland, pp. 60–61. 5. Mac Annaidh Dictionary of Irish History

Sources • DeBreffny, Brian; Mott, George (1976). The Churches and Abbeys of Ireland. London: Thames & Hudson. pp. 60–61. • DeBreffny, Brian (1977). Castles of Ireland. London: Thames & Hudson. • Duffy, Seán (2004). "Courcy, John de" . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 25 September 2007. (Subscription required (help)). • Flanders, Steve (2009). De Courcy: Anglo-Normans in Ireland, England and France in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Four Courts Press. ISBN 978-1-84682-094-6. • Mac Annaidh, Séamus, ed. (2001). Illustrated Dictionary of Irish History. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan. ISBN 0717135365. • O'Laverty, James (1887). An Historical Account of the Diocese of Down and Connor . Duffy & Sons. • Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Courci, John de". Encyclopædia Britannica. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

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HUGH DE LACY Hugh de Lacy, 1st Earl of Ulster (~1176 – after December 26, 1242) was an Anglo-Norman soldier and peer. He was a leading figure in the Norman invasion of Ireland in the 12th century. He was created Earl of Ulster in 1205 by King John of England.[2]

De Lacy was the younger son of Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath. Circa 1189, he was appointed Viceroy of Ireland, a position previously held by his father. He was replaced in 1190 by Guillaume le Petil. He was later reappointed to serve as viceroy from 1205 to 1210.[3]

Riddlesford, the daughter of Walter de Riddlesford about 1242. With Emmeline he had a daughter, Lady Maud de Lacy, who married Walter Bourke, Lord of Connaught in 1264, who in her right became Earl of Ulster.[8][2]

Carlow motte and bailey He erected a motte in the 1180s in Carlow, on the site of which Carlow Castle was built in the 13th century.[4] Excavations at Carlow Castle in 1996, found the remains of a series of postholes inside a curving ditch, running under the walls of the towered keep and therefore pre-dating it. The remains of a corn-drying kiln were found to the north of this. These features were interpreted as representing the remains of the first castle here, whose defences and buildings seem to have been constructed of earth and timber. A reinterpretation of the historical sources suggests that this primary timber castle was built in the early 1180s by Hugh de Lacy for John de Clahull.[5]

Emmaline's second marriage was with Stephen de Longespee, grandson of Henry II of England,[9] by whom she had two daughters: Ela Longespee, Lady of Ashby (1244 – c. 19 July 1276) and Emmeline Longespee, Lady of Offaly.[2] References 1. Burke, Bernard (1864). The General Armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales . Harrison & sons. p. 274. Retrieved 28 December 2017. 2. Burke, John (1846). A General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerages of England, Ireland, and Scotland, extinct, dormant, and in abeyance . Henry Colburn. p. PA300. Retrieved 28 December 2017. 3. O'Mahony, Charles (1912). The Viceroys of Ireland. p. 19. 4. "Carlow Castle" . Carlow Town.com. Archived from the original on 2007-11-17. Retrieved 2007-12-09. 5. "Carlow Castle, Carlow" . Excavations.ie. Archived from the original on 2007-11-21. Retrieved 2007-12-09. 6. Mac Annaidh, Séamus, ed. (2001). Illustrated Dictionary of Irish History. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan. ISBN 0717135365. 7. Lee, Sidney, ed. (1892). "Lacy, Hugh de (d.1242?)". Dictionary of National Biography. 31. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 379. 8. O'Donovan, John (1856). Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland. Hodges, Smith and Company. p. 393. Retrieved 28 December 2017. 9. Charles Cawley, Medieval Lands, Earls of Salisbury 1196-1310

Capture of John de Courcy and Earldom of Ulster In 1199, King John of England authorised de Lacy to wage war on John de Courcy, who had conquered much of Ulster without help or permission from the King. Hugh captured de Courcy in 1204.[6] An account of the capture appears in the Book of Howth. In 1205, King John created him Earl of Ulster and made what was de Courcy's territory in Ulster the Earldom of Ulster. He granted Drogheda its charter. He continued the conquest of the north-eastern over-kingdom of Ulaid, building on de Courcy's success, with the earldom spanning across the modern counties of Antrim and Down and parts of Londonderry. He purportedly separated from his first wife and was living adulterously. He had legitimate and natural children, and historic sources give contradictory accounts. In 1226, his daughter by his first wife married Alan, Lord of Galloway.[7] He secondly married Emmeline de

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LATER CAREER IN IRELAND Hugh de Lacy, younger son of Hugh de Lacy Lord of Meath, began to wage war on John de Courcy, capturing him in 1204.[5] An account of his capture appears in the Book of Howth. This passage helps explain why John had a reputation as a strong, God-fearing warrior:

what d to do e d n a comm n de Sir Joh cy was a e L k a e t d gh with nd and Sir Hu nferred pprehe e a o c o t d t n h a might b d s e i s i h t v he mig e w od n, ho ke , and s wn me le to ta o b i s 's Courcy s n o h p o not s it of Sir J it were r, unles d u i certain o a s m r y a nd the in his t his d ever done; a e v i l old tha t e y h e e h c t n ear no d him, si ould w iday an r w F e h d the o y Go that da ld be in u n were a o o t w a t n, bu was th he had weapo r custom o n s , after s s e r n e r y a a r h oted. at his p shield, barefo g s n e i l e m i e t and , kn rch five udden, s u church h e c h t e pole, upon bout th at him e cross gone a e h t m h a t c i they and e but w roken And so b to mak s t a f i w h t s no n. until i he had as take imself w h e d h e e d r fen befo and de f them o n e e t ir slew th

In May 1205, King John made Hugh Earl of Ulster, granting him all the land of the province "as John de Courcy held it on the day when Hugh defeated him". John de Courcy returned, sailing across the Irish sea from the Isle of Man in July 1205 with Norse soldiers and a hundred boats supplied by his brother-in-law, Ragnold, King of Mann. John and his army landed at Strangford and laid siege to Dundrum Castle in vain, because the defences he himself had made were too strong. King John then had John de Courcy imprisoned and he spent the rest of his life in poverty. He was subsequently released when he "crossed himself" to go on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. De Courcy died in obscurity just outside what is now Craigavon. LITERARY REFERENCES The story of John de Courcy's defeat of the French champion, and his winning the privilege to remain covered in the presence of the King, appears in Chapter 12 of Mark Twain's The Prince and the Pauper. In his book Saint Patrick's Town, Anthony M. Wilson said about John de Courcy: 16

Castle under construction

Reconstruction of the expansion of Carrickfergus Castle between the time of John de Courcy and Hugh de Lacy

Giraldus, a contemporary, names John de Courcy as one of the four great men, a hero of his time. Goddard Orpen, the respected historian of the Norman invasion of Ireland, clearly admired this remarkable man who first established a power base in Ulster and then dominated the whole country. His conspicuous place in Irish history is secure. The people of modern Ulster can look back to him as a counterpart of William the Conqueror in England, the man who brought Ulster, albeit by force, into the mainstream of European law, religion and culture. By the inhabitants of Downpatrick he must be regarded and honoured as the founder of their town. He came as an alien Englishman, a foreign invader and, by that process so often effective in the very air of Ireland, he was converted into a true Irishman. He personally fostered and promoted the fame and honour of Saint Patrick and linked the name of the town and Abbey to the name of the patron saint. As well as the Benedictine Abbey on the hill, he founded three other monasteries close to the town and he created on the hills of Down a city, both monastic and mercantile, of which both the mediaeval and the twentieth century citizens can be proud.

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ARTHUR CHICHESTER Arthur Chichester, 1st Baron Chichester of Belfast (May1563 – 19 February 1625), (known between 1596 and 1613 as Sir Arthur Chichester), of Carrickfergus[1] in Ireland, was an English administrator and soldier who served as Lord Deputy of Ireland from 1605 to 1616. He was instrumental in the founding and expansion of Belfast, now Northern Ireland's capital. Several streets are named in honour of himself and his nephew and heir Arthur Chichester, 1st Earl of Donegall, including Chichester Street and the adjoining Donegall Place, site of the Belfast City Hall. Origins Arthur Chichester was the second son of Sir John Chichester[2] (d.1569), of Raleigh, Pilton, in North Devon, a leading member of the Devonshire gentry, a naval captain, and ardent Protestant who served as Sheriff of Devon in 1550-1551, and as Knight of the Shire for Devon in 1547, April 1554, and 1563, and as Member of Parliament for Barnstaple in 1559. Arthur's mother was Gertrude Courtenay, a daughter of Sir William III Courtenay (1477–1535) "The Great",[3] of Powderham, Devon, 6th in descent from Hugh Courtenay, 2nd Earl of Devon (died 1377), MP for Devon in 1529, thrice Sheriff of Devon, in 1522, 1525-6, 1533-4, an Esquire of the Body to King Henry VIII, whom he accompanied to the Field of the Cloth of Gold.[4] Career After attending Exeter College, Oxford, favoured by many Devonians, Chichester commanded HMS Larke against the Spanish Armada in 1588.[2] In 1595 he accompanied Sir Francis Drake on his last expedition to the Americas. Later in the Anglo–Spanish War he commanded a company during the 1596 raid on Cádiz, for which he was knighted.[5][2] A year later he was with English forces in France fighting with King Henry IV against the Spanish in Picardy. He was wounded in the shoulder during the Siege of Amiens in September 1597 during which the city was captured from the Spanish. He was knighted by Henry for his valour. Ireland His career in Ireland began when in 1598 Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex appointed him Governor of Carrickfergus, following the death of his brother Sir John Chichester who had been killed at the Battle of Carrickfergus the previous year. It is said that John Chichester was decapitated, and his head used as a football by the MacDonnell clan after their victory. James Sorley MacDonnell, commander of the clan's forces at the Battle of Carrickfergus, was poisoned in Dunluce Castle on the orders of Robert Cecil to placate Chichester.[6] During the Nine Years' War Chichester commanded royal troops in Ulster. His tactics included a scorched earth policy. He encircled O'Neill's forces with garrisons, effectively starving 17

The Lord Chichester Anglo-Irish School portrait in the collection of Belfast Harbour Commissioners Born May 1563 Raleigh, Devon, England Died 19 February 1625 (aged 61) London, England Nationality English Alma mater Exeter College, Oxford Spouse(s) Lettice Perrot Children Arthur

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John Langhorne of St Brides, Pembrokeshire, and daughter of Sir John Perrot,[2] a former Lord Deputy of Ireland. By her he had an only son who died an infant: Arthur Chichester (born 22 September 1606, died October 1606) who died an infant aged one month and was buried in Christ Church, Dublin, on 31 October 1606.[9]

the Earl's troops. In a 1600 letter to Cecil he stated "a million swords will not do them so much harm as one winter's famine". While these tactics were not initially devised by Chichester, he carried them out ruthlessly, gaining a hatefigure status among the Irish. O'Neill's weakening military position forced him to abandon and destroy his capital at Dungannon. Following the signing of the Treaty of Mellifont, he succeeded Charles Blount, 1st Earl of Devonshire as Lord Deputy of Ireland from 3 February 1605.[7] A year later in 1606 he married Lettice Perrot, widow successively of Walter Vaughan of Golden Grove, Carmarthenshire,[2] and John Langhorne of St Brides, Pembrokeshire, and daughter of Sir John Perrot, a former Lord Deputy of Ireland. Lord Deputy Chichester saw Irish Catholicism as a major threat to the crown. He oversaw widespread persecution of Catholics, and ordered the execution of two bishops, including the aged and respected Conor O'Devany. His relations with the traditionally Catholic nobility of the Pale, in particular the quarrelsome and turbulent Christopher St Lawrence, 10th Baron Howth, were poor. In Howth's violent feuds with the new English settler families, particularly Thomas Jones, Archbishop of Dublin and his son, and Viscount Moore of Drogheda, Chichester invariably sided against Howth, but was unable to completely break his influence as he was a favourite of King James I. Following the Flight of the Earls[2] in 1607, Chichester was a leading figure during the Plantation of Ulster. Initially he intended that the number of Scottish planters would be small, with native Irish landowners gaining more land. However, after O'Doherty's Rebellion in Donegal in 1608, his plans changed and all the native lords lost their land. Most of the land was awarded to wealthy landowners from England and Scotland. However Chichester successfully campaigned to award veterans of the Nine Years' War land as well, funded by the City of London Livery Companies. Later life Chichester was instrumental in the founding and expansion of Belfast, now Northern Ireland's capital. In 1611 he built a castle on the site of an earlier 12th century Norman motte-andbailey.[8] In 1613 he was given the title "Baron Chichester". Ill health in 1614 led to his retirement and his term of office was ended in February 1616.[9] In his final years he built a mansion in Carrickfergus and served as an ambassador to the Habsburg Empire. Marriage and children In 1606 he married Lettice Perrot, widow successively of Walter Vaughan of Golden Grove, Carmarthenshire, and of 18

Death and succession He died from pleurisy in London in 1625 and was buried seven months later in St Nicholas' Church, Carrickfergus. The Barony of Chichester became extinct on his death but was revived the same year in favour of his younger brother Edward Chichester, 1st Viscount Chichester. Edward's son was Arthur Chichester, 1st Earl of Donegall. Legacy The family's influence in Belfast is still evident. Several streets are named in its honour, including Donegall Place, site of the Belfast City Hall and the adjacent Chichester Street. Further reading An Account of the Rt. Honourable Arthur, first Lord Chichester, Lord Deputy of Ireland, by his Nephew, Sir Faithful Fortescue, Knight, a short biography by his nephew Sir Faithful Fortescue (1585–1666) who followed his uncle to Ireland and stated "noe man knew his composition and disposition better than myself".[10] Notes 1. Biography by his nephew Sir Faithful Fortescue (d.1666): "Carrickfergus, where he had built the noblest House in the "Carrickfergus, where he had built the noblest House in the kingdom, and had prepared a neat tomb to receive him when God shoud please to send him to it" (Clermont, Lord (Thomas Fortescue), History of the Family of Fortescue in all its Branches, (first published 1869) 2nd edition London, 1880, p.177[1] ) 2. McNeill, Ronald John (1911). "Chichester of Belfast, Arthur Chichester, Baron". In Chisholm, Hugh. Encyclopædia Britannica. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 128–129. 3. Visitation of Devon, 1895 ed., p.246 4. Kirk, L.M. & Hawkyard A.D.K., Biography, published in History of Parliament, House of Commons 1509-1558, Bindoff S.T. (Ed.), 1982 5. thepeerage.com 6. theflightoftheearls.net 7. Moody, T. W.; et al., eds. (1989). A New History of Ireland. 8: A Chronology of Irish History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-821744-2. 8. History of Belfast Castle 9. McCavitt 2004. 10. Published in: Clermont, Lord (Thomas Fortescue), History of the Family of Fortescue in all its Branches, (first published 1869) 2nd

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THE SIEGE OF CARRICKFERGUS The Siege of Carrickfergus took place in August 1689 when a force of Williamite troops under Marshal Schomberg landed and laid siege to the Jacobite garrison of Carrickfergus in Ireland. After a week the Jacobites surrendered, and were allowed to march out with the honours of war.(1) BACKGROUND Carrickfergus was a traditional stronghold of the Crown in Ulster, commanded by the Norman-era Carrickfergus Castle. During 1689 with its Irish Army garrison, it became a refuge for Catholic inhabitants of the region to flee to as the northern rebellion against James II's rule grew. In February 1689 local Protestant forces made a failed attempt to storm the town.[2]

LANDING A second major wave of reinforcements was assembled at Chester under the veteran Huguenot commander Frederick Schomberg, 1st Duke of Schomberg. While it was originally suggested that they might head for Cork, it was decided that they should be landed in Ulster. By the time the expedition sailed from Hoylake on 12 August 1689, news of the relief of Derry had reached England. It meant that Schomberg could now act offensively. During a council of war, the expedition's officers decided to make for Belfast Lough rather than Carlingford Lough, allowing them to join up with the advancing Irish Protestant forces of Derry and Enniskillen.[3]

After the Break of Dromore on 14 March, Richard Hamilton's royal forces had swept through Eastern Ulster bringing all of County Down and Antrim under their control. Carrickfergus and its surrounding area were securely under Jacobite rule as Hamilton advanced to lay siege to Derry, one of the few remaining Protestant strongholds in Ireland. What had initially seemed as though it would be a quick victory began to drag out through the summer, particularly as some Jacobite forces had to be diverted to confront the defenders of Enniskillen. Meanwhile, a series of relief forces were being prepared in England. Percy Kirke led an expedition to Derry, where the siege was finally broken on 28 July. In the face of this sudden defeat, Jacobite forces began to withdraw from Derry and employed a scorched earth policy as they retreated.

King William arriving in Carrickfergus

Siege engine

By 13 August the expedition was in sight of the Mountains of Mourne. They were accompanied into Bangor Bay by George Rooke who had led a Royal Navy force to clear Belfast Lough of French shipping. The same afternoon Schomberg began disembarking his men. He kept them at the alert in case the Jacobite garrisons of nearby Belfast, Bangor and Carrickfergus should attack, but there was no opposition as the troops were brought ashore. The artillery and supply ships arrived separately a few days later. By the end of August, a total of six cavalry and nine infantry regiments had been landed safely at Carrickfergus.[4]

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exchanges of fire. Schomberg's artillery targeted the town house of the absent Lord Donegall, which had been taken over by the defenders and cannons mounted there. Using intelligence received from local inhabitants the artillery fire became more carefully directed. Although Schomberg had initially spared Carrickfergus Castle from fire, probably because he hoped to use it after the town fell, he now ordered his artillery to open up on it. After his chief Engineer Jacob Richards was wounded, Schomberg had to take over much of his duties due to the lack of qualified replacements. However further infantry and cavalry reinforcements now arrived by boat. During another parley, Schomberg rejected a demand that the garrison be allowed to surrender with the honours of war (to be able to march away with their weapons to the nearest Jacobite garrison) and insisted on unconditional surrender.

Siege of Carrickfergus Part of Williamite War in Ireland Carrickfergus Castle Date 20â&#x20AC;&#x201C;27 August 1689x Location Carrickfergus, County Antrim, Ireland Result Williamite victory. Carrickfergus surrenders Belligerents Williamite forces Jacobite forces Commanders and leaders Marshal Schomberg Charles MacCarthy Cormac O'Neill Strength 500 Casualties 200 Losses 150 The landing added to a series of setbacks for the Jacobites including their failures at Derry and Enniskillen and the defeat of a Jacobite force at the Battle of Newtownbutler. Faced with strong Williamite forces in both the northwest and north-east, the Jacobite commander in the north Thomas Maxwell ordered a withdrawal towards Newry.[5]

Many of the garrison wanted to agree terms, but a group led by Colonel Owen MacCarthy and the Governor MacCarthy More were determined to hold out. Williamite fire had created a breach near the North Gate, but at night the defenders desperately tried to fill it in and make other running repairs on the defences.[8]

At Carrickfergus he left a garrison which consisted of Charles MacCarthy More's infantry regiment and nine companies of the Protestant Jacobite Cormac O'Neill's regiment. The garrison were charged with delaying Schomberg's army for as long as possible. The Jacobites abandoned Belfast which was swiftly occupied by Henry Wharton's English regiment.[6]

To add to the pressure on the defenders, Schomberg ordered Royal Naval vessels in the harbour to join in the bombardment. Although the garrison had good stocks of food, they were already running low on gunpowder. By the evening of 27 August, with Henry Wharton's regiment poised to make an assault against the breach, the Jacobites ran up a white flag and agreed to surrender. Schomberg had reversed his earlier position and was now willing to grant them the honours of war, allowing the garrison to march to Newry with their weapons and baggage.[9]

SIEGE As Schomberg wanted to march on Dublin before the winter set in, he intended to move rapidly to reduce Carrickfergus. He marched through to Belfast, sending out patrols to prevent plundering in the area by the retreating Jacobites. On 20 August Schomberg marched to Carrickfergus with five regiments, followed by another seven on the following day. They joined up with newly arrived Enniskillen troops under General Percy Kirke. On 14 August, expecting an imminent siege, the Jacobites had set fire to the town's suburbs to deny their cover to the besiegers. They had tried to prepare Carrickfergus to withstand an assault, but much of the town's defences were decayed from lack of recent use. The first skirmishes began around the town on 20 August. Schomberg sent a message summoning the town to surrender. The defenders asked for time to send a message to King James, asking for his advice. Schomberg rejected this as a delaying tactic to waste time. Shortly after the parley had taken place, the town's artillery took aim at Schomberg's command tent but he was absent at the time.[7] During that night the Williamites dug trenches in an attempt to move as close to the walls possible, prompting intense 20

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shipped via Carrickfergus to the hospital in Belfast. After a stand-off between the two armies, involving several skirmishes, both went into winter quarters.

AFTERMATH Many of the town's buildings had been hit during the artillery duel. On the morning of 28 August the garrison, accompanied by their families and other camp followers, marched out of Carrickfergus. A cavalry escort under Sir William Russell was provided to accompany them some of the way towards Jacobite-controlled Newry.[10] Soon after they set off, the Catholic troops began to be robbed of their clothes, possessions and weapons by local Protestant civilians as compensation for the plundering and general persecution they had suffered during the Jacobite occupation of the town. The escort was overwhelmed by the weight of numbers, and many of the Catholics ran for shelter amongst the ranks of the Williamite infantry regiments standing outside Carrickfergus.

In June 1690 William of Orange landed at Carrickfergus, shortly before beginning the campaign that would lead to his victory at the Battle of the Boyne the following month. REFERENCES 1. Childs pp.150–53 2. Childs pp.44–46 3. Childs pp.147–48 4. Childs p.149 5. Childs p. 151 6. Childs p.150 7. Childs pp.151–52 8. Childs pp.152–53 9. Childs p.153 10. Childs p.153 11. Childs p.153 12. Childs p.150-51 13. Childs pp.153–158

Order was finally restored when Schomberg rode amongst them firing his pistol.[11] In response to Schomberg's landing, King James called out the militia across Ireland, and began making preparations to defend Dublin.[12] After leaving Sir Henry Ingoldsby's regiment to garrison Carrickfergus, Schomberg and his main force departed the town on 28 August. However, Schomberg's progress southwards was slower than he intended, and having reached Dundalk by 7 September he had to halt his force there due to lack of supplies, which were still being shipped through the increasingly distant Carrickfergus.[13]

BIBLIOGRAPHY Barratt, John. Battles for the Three Kingdoms: The Campaigns for England, Scotland and Ireland, 1689-92. Sutton, 2007. • Childs, John. The Williamite Wars in Ireland. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2007.

Faced with a large Jacobite field army under James II, Schomberg remained at Dundalk Camp during the autumn, where his army suffered terribly from illness, losing thousands of dead. Many of the Williamite sick were

• McNally, Michael. Battle of the Boyne 1690: The Irish Campaign for the English Crown. Osprey Publishing, 2005.

TEACHER’S NOTES Carrickfergus Built Heritage: Potted History footpath beside the market place junction of West Street, Castle Street and High Street.

Shaftesbury Park Public park created from land donated to Carrickfergus by Lord Shaftesbury, who inherited much of the property of the Donegall family. Originally attached to the priory and thereafter Joymount Palace/House. Speeds, Under the Big Lamp, p. 45

Market House Built 1775 (or 1755). Weighbridge on the ground floor with the Counting House upstairs. The building served as the town hall between 1836-1935 and is now occupied by the Ulster Bank. The site was formerly the townhouse of the Langford and subsequently Davys families.

Market Place For many years, the ‘Big Lamp’ sat on the footings of the old Market Cross at the west end of High Street. This was in the middle of the present street, and was where North Street, West Street, High Street and Castle Street all converged. Erected in 1881, the ‘Big Lamp’ had a drinking water fountain, but its position (on the old market cross) was an obstacle to modern traffic and was taken down in the 1950s. Half a century later, a replica was commissioned and placed on the nearby

Old Courthouse and Barracks This building is now the town hall. It was built on the site of the old Joymount Palace in 1779 as the county Antrim courthouse, replacing the seventeenth century shire hall at the opposite end of High Street. As a gaol it housed up to 300 prisoners.

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During the early 1600s, he amassed a vast landed portfolio, including an estate in south Antrim that included Carrickfergus and Belfast and most of the lands in between, an estate in County Tyrone based around Dungannon, ande virtually the entire Inishowen peninsula in County Donegal. He also reached the first rung of the peerage as Baron Chichester of Belfast in 1613. Several important changes to Carrickfergus were inaugurated by Chichester.

Tholsel The old medieval town house of the Corporation of Carrickfergus. The Tholsel can also be seen on the 1570 map of Carrickfergus, in front of the old Franciscan Friary which, after the dissolution of the monasteries had been removed to make may for Joymount House. Ulster-Scots Feasibility Study, pp 364-365

Town walls were erected between 1608 and 1615, enclosing an area of approximately 27 acres. A magnificent mansion was built by Chichester as his private home between 1610 and 1618. This was named Joymount and was one of the finest houses erected in Ireland in the early 1600s. Alongside the house gardens and orchards were planted. Joymount was demolished in 1768. It is possible that a round tower projecting from the east wall of the Town Hall survives from the original barbican, or fortified gatehouse. Undoubtedly, the most impressive survival from the Chichester-period in Carrickfergus is his magnificent monument inside St Nicholas’ Church.

Town Hall The former courthouse and barracks standing in the site of Joymount’s Palace which in turn replaced the old Franciscan friary

The church was restored under Chichester’s direction and the north aisle of it was remodelled to contain, not only the monument, but also the family vault, above which was the family seating area inside the church.

Castle Worraigh Stood in High Street near the entrance of the (present?) courthouse. Also known as ‘Mayoralitycastle’ as that was where mayoral elections took place. Served as the county’s prison. McSkimin, History of Carrickfergus, p.148.

The monument is the finest Irish church monument of the 1600s and features effigies of Chichester and his wife Letitia, as well as their son who died in infancy, and Chichester’s brother John who was killed fighting the forces of Sir James MacDonnell near Ballycarry in 1597.

The Chichester family The most important figure in the history of earlyseventeenth century Carrickfergus is Sir Arthur Chichester. Born near Barnstaple in north Devon in 1563, he was the son of Sir John and Lady Gertrude Chichester. By the time he was appointed commander of Carrickfergus in 1599, at the height of the Nine Years’ War, he had had a varied military career, having taken part in campaigns in Portugal, the West Indies, France, and the Low Countries. In 1597 he was knighted by the French king for bravery during the siege of Amiens.

The death of his brother probably accounts to a large extent for Chichester’s dislike of the Scots, especially those from the Highlands and Islands. During preparations for the official plantation of Ulster, Chichester was dismayed at the prospect of significant numbers of Scots benefiting from the scheme who had played no part in reducing Ulster to Crown control. At the same time, Chichester did have Scots on his lands for in 1611 it was reported that on his Antrim estate there were ‘many English families, some Scottes, and dyvers cyvill Irish planted’. Chichester died in 1625 and his estate passed to his brother Edward. The title Baron Chichester of Belfast was also revived in Edward’s favour and augmented with the addition of Viscount Carrickfergus. His son Arthur was created Earl of Donegall in 1647. In 1791 the family was further elevated in the peerage with the creation of the title of Marquess of Donegall.

Chichester’s campaign from Carrickfergus was pursued with a ruthlessness that was characteristic of its age and contributed in a major way to the final defeat of the Earl of Tyrone in 1603. In 1605 Chichester became Lord Deputy of Ireland, the chief official in the administration on the island, and remained as such for the next decade.

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MEDIEVAL CARRICKFERGUS SCHEME OF WORK SESSION

SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES

Introduction to Medieval Carrickfergus

Option 1: Hangman using places from sheets Option 2: Wordsearch (supplied) ‘Medieval Matching’ activity. Pupils use the Clues sheet to match sites from Medieval period with their modern counterparts. This could be done as a cards/sorting activity. (NB: some sites remain unchanged) Discussion: Sites that have changed. Sites that have stayed the same. Why do places change? Extension: Imagine you are one of Carrickfergus’s medieval buildings and describe the changes you have seen.

Changing Places: Civic Centre

Powerpoint/animated video showing how the Civic Centre site has changed. Accompanying timeline sheet to fill out. ‘Dig This’: Pupils look at sheet (or cards) showing different objects/sites relating to the Civic Centre’s past. They use their info sheet to work out which artefact comes from which period - Friary, Joymount, etc and fill in a table. Note exception of Barbican Gatehouse, see Dig This Teacher’s Notes. Pupils choose either the Friary/ Joymount/ gaol and draw their own version. Inspiration images, eg, photos, Armstrong, contemporary prints. Pupils could write a story/draw a comic strip giving their version of how Micah the Ape got to Carrickfergus!

Town Walls

See Carrickfergus Walking Tours in pack for background info. Image of North Gate: do pupils know what it is? Why it’s called ‘North Gate’? [Links to the points of a compass; note also ‘West Gate’.] Carrick had town walls, now ruined. Dot-to-Dot exercise: pupils ‘join the dots’ of the ruined walls to see how it originally looked Video of Minecraft of Carrick as a walled town. [=> emphasise sessions at Museum. Emphasise Kids’n’Castles] Armstrong Image of Carrick c. 1620 with walls: Discussion: Why would you build walls? Why would you take them away? (Carrick’s walls were lost through a combination of damage and deliberate removal to encourage trade - see Carrickfergus Walking Tours)

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NOW & THEN CLUES

ss nty gla i o p a s I’ve Today t so much ha g time u n roof, b d here! A lo n I was e e happen s a friary. Th front a to ago I w with a back oy ’ to e tj a palac from ‘Moun name— What am I? .’. ‘J …… You might’ve walke d past me without lookin g twice. I look like a fancy st reetlamp. In medieval times a cross stood near my spo t. It was named after a fam ous Irish saint! What am I?

p nd slee a t a e visitors house Today was a tower fire I g in me. ll have the bi ti and I s fergus k ! c e i r d r i s a C in many ortant r p o f m i e n m A s lived in rname begin y l i m a f u Their s m I? . s r a e y a . What with D

I was part of the T own Walls that kept Carrickfe rgus safe. There were four G ates, but today I’m the only one left. I point North. What am I?

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CARRICKFERGUS NOW & THEN SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES

CARRICKFERGUS TODAY

Carrickfergus Castle

St Nicholas’s Church

Franciscan Friary

Dobbins Inn

Dobbins Tower House

North Gate

Joymount Palace

Big Lamp

Great Patrick Cross

Carrickfergus Castle

Town Walls

Civic Centre

St Nicholas’s Church

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CARRICKFERGUS WORDSEARCH Carrickfergus has some very old buildingsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;and some new buildings built over the old ones! Find all TEN. Look diagonally and back to front as well as up and down. Z

R W

G M

N Q

Joymount Palace Friary Town Walls Dobbins Tower House

North Gate St Nicholas Great Patrick Big Lamp Civic Centre

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CARRICKFERGUS WORDSEARCH ANSWERS Z

R W

G M

N Q

Joymount Palace Friary Town Walls Dobbins Tower House

North Gate St Nicholas Great Patrick Big Lamp Civic Centre

Carrickfergus has some very old buildingsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;and some new buildings built over the old ones! Find all TEN. Look diagonally and back to front as well as up and down. 'All extra images and videos reference above can be found on the Carrickfergus THI webpage.' 30

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DIG THIS!

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DIG THIS! I’M A FLOOR TILE FROM THE FRIARY’S TIME

F_I__Y

I’M A PADLOCK. I LOCKED THE GAOL

I’M THE BARBICAN GATEHOUSE. I’M THE ONLY BIT LEFT OF JOYMOUNT PALACE!

I WAS PUT ON THE WRISTS OF PRISONERS. I’M A PAIR OF MANACLES.

J_Y___NT P_L__E

MY NAME IS MICAH. I’M A BARBARY APE … ALL THE WAY FROM AFRICA! I LIVED IN THE FRIARY BUT NO-ONE KNOWS HOW I GOT THERE!

G__L

I’M A NORMAN COIN. I MIGHT HAVE BEEN USED TO PAY FOR THE FRIARY.

I’M A TOWER WINDOW. THE HOUSE I CAME FROM WAS BUILT AT AROUND THE SAME TIME AS JOYMOUNT PALACE.

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MEDIEVAL CARRICKFERGUS SCHEME OF WORK PLACE

OBJECT NAME

Friary

WHAT IS IT?

Joymount Palace

Carrickfergus Gaol

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DIG THIS!

BARBICAN GATEHOUSE This the only surviving part of the gatehouse to Joymount Palace. It was one of four similar structures at the entrance to the palace, giving some idea of how large the palace was. SIR ARTHUR CHICHESTER / JOYMOUNT PALACE Sir Arthur replaced his brother as Governor of Carrickfergus in the 1590s after the latter was killed by Irish lords. Later Lord Deputy of Ireland, Sir Arthur was instrumental in devising and implementing the Plantation throughout Ulster. He was also responsible for the building of Carrickfergus’s town wall, the remnants of which can be traced through the Kids n Castles app, available for download from the App Store/Play Store. The walls included 4 gates, including North Gate—the only one to survive. Sir Arthur built Joymount Palace to reflect his growing importance. Contemporaries commented on its grandeur, including the deer park, formal gardens, and many windows- ‘as many as there are days in the year’. These windows can be seen in the image..

TOWER HOUSE Stone tower houses were built in Sir Arthur’s time (late 16th/early 17th centuries) in Carrickfergus. They were sturdier than their wooden counterparts (ie, not flammable). This is an example of a tower house window. See also the Mural at the corner of High Street/Antrim Street.

CARRICKFERGUS GAOL Connected with the courthouse that was built on the site of Joymount Palace, the gaol was used for prisoners from the 18th century. Before then prisoners were held in the Castle. The gaol was replaced in the 1840s when the Crumlin Road gaol was built. The prisoners had to walk all the way there!

DIG THIS!

Tile from medieval Woodburn Abbey, now gone

Manacles used on prisoners’ wrists

Padlock for gaol doors THE FRIARY There may have been a religious house on the Civic Centre’s site even before the Normans came. In the 1230s Hugh de Lacy (who replaced de Courcy as the main power in the Castle and thus Ulster in 1205) established the friary, possibly from gratitude that he’d safely returned to Carrickfergus after being exiled in 1210. There are few physical traces of the friary left today, but maps such as the one shown give us some idea of how it looked. At its height it was extensive, including a chapel, cloisters, and mill. Nearby there was also St Bride’s (leper) Hospital where St Bride’s carpark is today, thus explaining one of the old names for North Gate: Spittal Gate. An additional link with the friary: St Francis established the order in 1209 after being horrified at how lepers were treated. There’s also the ‘leper window’ in St Nicholas’s Church that allowed lepers to listen to Mass without ‘contaminating’ the rest of the town.

A coin from John de Courcy’s time. De Courcy built Carrickfergus Castle. Barbary Ape skeleton. The ape (originally from Africa/ Gibraltar) possibly belonged to one of the friars, but how did he get to Carrick in the first place?

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KEY DATES What key things happened in the years below, have a look at the interpretation in the market square for inspiration.

1176 1560 1598 1610 1768 1779 'All extra images and videos reference above can be found on the Carrickfergus THI webpage.' 35

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CARRICKFERGUS TOWN WALLS This picture shows Carrickfergus from the air. Look carefully. Can you work out what these three buildings are?

1. C _ _ R I _ K _ _ R _ U _ _ A _ _ _ E 2. C _ _ I _ _ E N _ R _ 3. _ T . _ I _ H O L A _ C _ U R C _ Join the YELLOW dots together. Then join the RED dots. Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t draw across the white lines! Now you should be able to see what the Town Walls looked like 400 years ago. The YELLOW lines show the parts of the Walls you can still see today. The RED lines show the parts that are damaged or taken away completely. The WHITE lines mark the four Gates into the town: West Gate, Quay Gate, Water Gate, and North Gate. 'All extra images and videos reference above can be found on the Carrickfergus THI webpage.' 36

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VICTORIAN CARRICKFERGUS SCHEME OF WORK SESSION

SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES

Introduction to Victorian Carrickfergus

Queen Victoria fill the blanks/timeline blurb. **Children should know the difference between REIGN/REIN/RAIN before this task. Hangman? Victorian Carrickfergus Wordsearch Spot The Difference: The Big Lamp and High Street Pack includes photos from very early 1900s through to c1930s. These could be used in a slideshow to encourage children to see similarities and differences between then and now. These could include: - the general layout is the same, ditto the buildings. - it’s difficult to see shop names, but ‘Bell’s’ is a recurring presence - the presence of the Town Hall - the general shape of the Big Lamp itself - aspects of Victorian/Edwardian life different from ours: the long gowns worn by the women, the use of carts and other horse-drawn vehicles. -the colour of the Town Hall - it isn’t bright yellow! -the location of the Big Lamp as it changes from outside Market House (the Town Hall until the 1930s) to its present site

Places in Victorian Carrickfergus (Pairs)

Victorian Carrickfergus: Tracing the Past Object & Place Pupils use sheets showing objects and clues to match them with the place connected to each object on a second. These can be cut into cards if desired. (Use cards from above) On sugar paper, create a timeline showing when various landmarks from Victorian Carrickfergus were built, bearing in mind that not all are 19th c. Choose 2 objects. Draw them. Why do you like these objects?

Commemoration Plates

Show examples of today’s memorabilia - see pack. Show Carrickfergus’s Victorian commemoration plate or hand out the sheet. What do pupils recognise from the image? (Port, Castle, spires St Nicholas’s) What are the people in the image doing? Pupils do their own version on sheets in pack.

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VICTORIAN WORDSEARCH R X Q V R S E R E U V P P B

N O F V

T Q P Y L E H E S U O H T E

K B I Y

R A M E G Y F S

B Y Z W H B J Q X E O W X N W M M X E W A E A M D X K O F U F O T O W J L

A W R D

A H M K

O W M E J N T D E R H J D O W P N B A Y E Z I D D C A M B R I D G E C O A N

J C J

E D Q F S O U O Z X A Y D G H

A S

L N Z A A V O W W N E E U K M

G A M L

L W S H R G

R X W V G B Y

S B P T U Y A M F K S D Y M X M C K M V H I R C C B U Z E M O O A F D Z X

B R U Z

H B G Q Z W K T U D H W E P

Y G V C M Z L R

O Q D N C S G Y Y A W L I A

N D P O B N A Y

O S K D L Z Z J W I O D E H

U B Y Z

F G Z

E M X

L T E M P E R A N C E L O D G

E P L C U Q P Q

A W V G V Q F K V S G C H H

X K S T M D F Z

N H R J W C U P J W U M S X

F Z D B A L K L

Find the following words in the puzzle. Words are hidden and

TEMPERANCELODGE

MARKETHOUSE

CAMBRIDGE&CO

BIGLAMP

MODELSCHOOL

RAILWAY

GAOL

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VICTORIAN WORDSEARCH R X Q V R S E R E U V P P B

N O F V

T Q P Y L E H E S U O H T E

K B I Y

R A M E G Y F S

B Y Z W H B J Q X E O W X N W M M X E W A E A M D X K O F U F O T O W J L

A W R D

A H M K

O W M E J N T D E R H J D O W P N B A Y E Z I D D C A M B R I D G E C O A N

J C J

E D Q F S O U O Z X A Y D G H

A S

L N Z A A V O W W N E E U K M

G A M L

L W S H R G

R X W V G B Y

S B P T U Y A M F K S D Y M X M C K M V H I R C C B U Z E M O O A F D Z X

B R U Z

H B G Q Z W K T U D H W E P

Y G V C M Z L R

O Q D N C S G Y Y A W L I A

N D P O B N A Y

O S K D L Z Z J W I O D E H

U B Y Z

F G Z

E M X

L T E M P E R A N C E L O D G

E P L C U Q P Q

A W V G V Q F K V S G C H H

X K S T M D F Z

N H R J W C U P J W U M S X

F Z D B A L K L

Word directions and start points are formatted: (Direction, X, Y) TEMPERANCELODGE (E,2,14)

MARKETHOUSE (W,18,2) GAOL (N,14,7)

CAMBRIDGE&CO (E,3,6)

BIGLAMP (S,22,8)

MODELSCHOOL (S,1,4)

RAILWAY (W,15,12)

This worksheet was created with the Word Search Generator on Super Teacher Worksheets (www.superteacherworksheets.com). Puzzle Word List: MODELSCHOOL RAILWAY BIGLAMP MARKETHOUSE TEMPERANCELODGE GAOL CAMBRIDGE&CO Puzzle Title: Victorian Carrickfergus - Date Created: Oct 12, 2018 Filename: 9Lx9a Direct Link: https://www.superteacherworksheets.com/custom/?ws=9Lx9a 'All extra images and videos reference above can be found on the Carrickfergus THI webpage.' 39

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VICTORIAN CARRICKFERGUS TRACING THE PAST PLACES SHEET Carrickfergus Railway Station, 1862 OBJECT:

Cambridge & Co Chemist, 1884 OBJECT:

Carrickfergus Gaol, 1779 OBJECT:

Carrickfergus Model School, 1860 OBJECT:

Institute of Good Templars Hall, 1871 OBJECT:

Market House, 1755 OBJECT:

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VICTORIAN CARRICKFERGUS TRACING THE PAST How do we learn about the past? Well, we can read what people at the time wrote. That tells us what they thought and felt. Or we can visit the places they knew. We can also look at the everyday objects they left behind. This can tell us a good deal. We can learn how rich people were, what they did for work and play, and even what they wore and how they ate! That’s why we have museums - they collect all these objects and find out about them so everyone else can learn about them too. But objects don’t exist all by themselves. Most objects are used for a particular reason in a particular place. For example, homework diaries and exercise books are objects that remind most people of school. It was the same in the past. That’s your next task! Look carefully at the objects below and read what each one says. That’s your clue. Then look at the ‘Places’ sheet. Can you work out which object was used in which place?

You would use this on the train.

These sashes were used by members of the Institute of Good Templars. They promised to never drink alcohol.

Bottles for storing drugs

These exercise books were used in Ireland until the 1920s.

This is a seal stamper used on important documents, for example by the Corporation or Council of Carrickfergus.

vaThese manacles were used on prisoners.

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MY CARRICKFERGUS PLATTER People have created memorabilia for 100s of years! This includes any object to remember a particular event, place, or person (the word ‘memory’ is almost in ‘memorabilia’). If you’ve ever seen a plate, mug, or tea towel with a member of the Royal Family on it, that’s memorabilia. So is a cap or T-shirt with New York, London, Paris, or even Carrickfergus on it. The Museum has several examples of memorabilia. One is a cup celebrating Carrickfergus surviving an attack by the French in 1760. Another is this platter showing Victorian Carrickfergus:

The plate shows a scene of the town. What buildings can you see? Look at the background as well as the front. What are people in the picture doing? What does this tell you about life in Victorian Carrickfergus? Now draw your own version. It must show an event, place(s) or people that are important to you—or even better, all three!

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MY CARRICKFERGUS SCHEME OF WORK ACTIVITY

RESOURCES/COMPONENTS

Resources/Components

Images of buildings/landmarks pupils may know (see online). These include: - Town Hall - Civc Centre - Tower House/ Dobbins Inn - Station - Big Lamp - St Nicholas’s - Shaftesbury Park (sp) - North Gate Pupils given blank sheets of paper and write the name of each landmark as it is shown. (Pairs/Individually) Discussion: What do you know about these buildings/structures? What are they for? Why are they important? Task: Draw your favourite building or place. Why do you like it?

Your Carrickfergus (Pairs)

See Teacher’s Notes in pack. Questionnaire about buildings kids encounter in their own lives: this is about Carrickfergus now (see pupil questions in pack). (This may need to be modelled) Plenary: vote for the class’s favourite building! Homework: Children should complete 2 more questionnaires (adult questions in pack) with older relatives. They need to be aware that they need to ask people of different ages, eg, a parent and grandparent. This activity is about change and continuity.

Carrickfergus Then And Now

See Teacher’s Notes. Group discussion using answers to (i) the children’s questionnaire (ii) respondents to identify and explore similarities and differences.

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MY CARRICKFERGUS ADULT SHEET 1. WHERE WERE YOU BORN? In hospital: Yes

At home: Yes

2. AS A CHILD AT HOME, DID YOU … Share a bed? Yes

Share a bedroom? Yes

Have an indoor bathroom? Yes

Have at least one TV? Yes

3. IF YOU GREW UP IN CARRICKFERGUS, WHERE DID YOU USUALLY GO IN YOUR FREE TIME? (YOU CAN TICK MORE THAN ONE) My garden

My street

My friend’s house

My bedroom

De Courcy’s

Local playground

Local shop

Shaftesbury Park or other local park

4. HOW DID YOU USUALLY GET TO SCHOOL? I walk

on my bike

in the car

by bus

by train

How long approximately did it take you to get to school?

AS A CHILD, DID YOU GO TO CHURCH FOR IMPORTANT FAMILY EVENTS LIKE WEDDINGS, CHRISTENINGS OR FUNERALS? Yes

The church(es) in Carrickfergus I have been to are: CARRICKFERGUS IS VERY OLD. THERE ARE MANY IMPORTANT PLACES IN THE TOWN. HOW MANY DO YOU KNOW OR HAVE VISITED? Carrickfergus Castle

St Nicholas’s Church

Carrickfergus Museum

Town Walls

Dobbins Hotel

North Gate

Big Lamp

Stocks & Tower House Mural

Do you have any favourites? What are they? Why?

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MY CARRICKFERGUS PUPIL SHEET 1. WHERE WERE YOU BORN? In hospital: Yes

At home: Yes

2. AS A CHILD AT HOME, DID YOU … Share a bed? Yes

Share a bedroom? Yes

Have an indoor bathroom? Yes

Have at least one TV? Yes

3. IF YOU GREW UP IN CARRICKFERGUS, WHERE DID YOU USUALLY GO IN YOUR FREE TIME? (YOU CAN TICK MORE THAN ONE) My garden

My street

My friend’s house

My bedroom

De Courcy’s

Local playground

Maud’s /ice cream shop

Shaftesbury Park or other local park

4. HOW DID YOU USUALLY GET TO SCHOOL? I walk

on my bike

in the car

by bus

by train

How long approximately did it take you to get to school?

AS A CHILD, DID YOU GO TO CHURCH FOR IMPORTANT FAMILY EVENTS LIKE WEDDINGS, CHRISTENINGS OR FUNERALS? Yes

The church(es) in Carrickfergus I have been to are: CARRICKFERGUS IS VERY OLD. THERE ARE MANY IMPORTANT PLACES IN THE TOWN. HOW MANY DO YOU KNOW OR HAVE VISITED? Carrickfergus Castle

St Nicholas’s Church

Carrickfergus Museum

Town Walls

Dobbins Hotel

North Gate

Big Lamp

Stocks & Tower House Mural

Do you have any favourites? What are they? Why?

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NOTES

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NOTES

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LAURA.PATRICK@MIDANDEASTANTRIM.GOV.UK 028 9335 8247 CARRICKFERGUSMUSEUMS@MIDANDEASTANTRIM.GOV.UK 028 9335 8241