ﺗﻬﻴﻪ و ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ: ﺷﺮﻛﺖ اﻧﺮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻬﺮ ﻫﻤﻜﺎران اﻳﻦ ﺷﻤﺎره: ﻣﻴﻨﺎ ﻛﻼﮔﺮ اﻟﻬﺎم ﺷﻴﺮدل ﻣﻬﺘﺎب ﺻﺎدﻗﻲ ﺣﺮﻳﺮي ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺻﺎدق اﺣﺪي ﻋﺎدل ﭘﺮﺗﻮي ﺗﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﻧﻮدل
آدرس :ﺗﻬﺮان -ﺳﻌﺎدت آﺑﺎد -ﻣﻴﺪان ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ -اﺑﺘﺪاي ﺑﻠﻮار 24ﻣﺘﺮي -ﭘﻼك - 4واﺣﺪ 11 ﺗﻠﻔﻦ 88584125 :و 22136142 ﺗﻠﻔﻜﺲ22136271 – 88584126 : ﭘﺴﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻚinfo@mehrenergy.com : وب ﺳﺎﻳﺖwww.mehrenergy.com :
آﻏﺎز ﺳﺨﻦ:
»»»»»» »»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»» ﻋﺎدل ﭘﺮﺗﻮي "دوﻟﺖ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ و ﺿﺮورت ﺗﺪوﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﻬﺎي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻛﺸﻮر" ﺑﺎ روي ﻛﺎر آﻣﺪن دوﻟﺖ ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ و اﻣﻴﺪ ﺑﺎرﻗﻪاي از اﻣﻴﺪ در دل دوﺳﺘﺪاران ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﻮﺟﻮد آﻣﺪ و ﺑﺎ اﻧﺘﺼﺎب ﺳﺮﻛﺎر ﺧﺎﻧﻢ دﻛﺘﺮ اﺑﺘﻜﺎر ﺑﻪ رﻳﺎﺳﺖ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ اﻣﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي روزﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ اﻳﺮان ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ .اﻛﻨﻮن ﺳﺨﻦ از ﻫﻤﺖ و ﻫﻤﻴﺖ دوﻟﺖ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ در ﭘﺎﺳﺪاري از ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺗﻮﻗﻊ ﻗﺪﻣﻬﺎي ﻓﺮاﺗﺮ از اﻧﺘﻈﺎر اﺳﺖ ﭼﻪ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ اﻛﻨﻮن ﺳﻜﺎﻧﺪار ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ ﻛﺸﻮر ﻳﻜﻲ از اﻓﺮاد ﺷﺎﺧﺺ و ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ دﻳﺮﻳﻦ در ﭘﻴﺸﺮو ﺑﻮدن در اﻳﻦ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ اﺳﺖ. در ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎل ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ آﻧﭽﻪ در ﺗﻮان داﺷﺘﻴﻢ ﺑﻜﺎر ﺑﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات آب و ﻫﻮا و اﻣﺘﻴﺎزات و ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﺼﻮل از اﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺸﻮر ﺧﻮد )و اﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻫﺸﺪار دﻫﻲ و آﮔﺎهﺳﺎزي از ﺗﺒﻌﺎت ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات آب و ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ( را در ﻧﺒﻮد اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻓﻌﺎل دوﻟﺖ در اﻳﻦ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﺒﺮﻳﻢ. اﻛﻨﻮن ﻛﻪ دوﻟﺖ در ﻫﻤﻴﻦ دو ﻣﺎه ﻧﺸﺎن داده اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ را در ﻛﺎﻧﻮن ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺧﻮد ﻗﺮار داده و ﺣﺘﻲ وزرا و ﻣﺸﺎوران ارﺷﺪ رﺋﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮر در اﻳﻦ زﻣﻴﻨﻪ اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﻈﺮ و ﺑﺬل ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﻤﻮدهاﻧﺪ ،اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﻣﻲرود ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات آب و ﻫﻮا ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻛﻠﻴﺪي در ﺗﺤﻮﻻت آﺗﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ را ﻋﻬﺪه دار ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد ،ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ وﻳﮋه ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد .ﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻛﺸﻮر ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل آﻧﺮا وﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﻲداﻧﺪ ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮن اﻗﺪام ﻣﻮﺛﺮي در اﻳﻦ زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. اﻧﺘﻈﺎر اﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ از ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ اﺑﺘﺪا اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي ﻛﺸﻮر در ﺑﺮﺧﻮرد ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات آب و ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ ﺗﺪوﻳﻦ ﺷﻮد اﻳﻨﻜﻪ آﻳﺎ اﺳﺎﺳﺎً دوﻟﺖ ﺟﻤﻬﻮري اﺳﻼﻣﻲ اﻳﺮان ﺑﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات آب و ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ و ﺿﺮورت اﻗﺪام در اﻳﻦ ﺧﺼﻮص ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ اﺳﺖ؟ اﮔﺮ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ اﺳﺖ ،ﭼﻪ راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎﻳﻲ در ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﻬﺎ و راﻫﻜﺎرﻫﺎي داﺧﻞ ﻛﺸﻮر و ﭼﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ را در ﺧﺎرج ﻛﺸﻮر )در ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞﻫﺎ و ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮنﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ( دﻧﺒﺎل ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ؟ ﻧﺤﻮه اﻋﻤﺎل ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﻬﺎ )راﻫﻜﺎرﻫﺎي اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ( ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد؟ زﻣﺎﻧﺒﻨﺪي آن ﭼﻄﻮر ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد؟.... اﻗﺪاﻣﺎﺗﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ وﺿﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎت ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎزار ﺗﺒﺎدل اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻳﺎ ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﻴﺮي از اﻧﺮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎ و ...ﻫﻤﮕﻲ ﻧﻴﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ زﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺘﻬﺎ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﻳﺰي ﻣﻴﺎن ﻣﺪت و ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻣﺪت اﺳﺖ و از آﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ در دﻫﻪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ اﻗﺪام ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻋﺘﻨﺎﻳﻲ در اﻳﻦ زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ،ﺑﺎر ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ دوﻟﺖ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﺎﻧﺒﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎي ﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ و ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﻣﺎ در ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻞ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ اﺳﺖ و ﺿﺮورت ﻫﻤﺮاﻫﻲ و ﻛﻤﻚ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎي دوﻟﺘﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮدوﻟﺘﻲ را اﻳﺠﺎب ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ. ﺿﻤﻦ آرزوي ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺑﺮاي دوﻟﺖ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ و ﺑﻮﻳﮋه ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ در اﻧﺠﺎم وﻇﺎﺋﻒ و ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎي ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ ﺧﻮد، آﻣﺎدﮔﻲ ﺧﻮد را ﺟﻬﺖ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﻤﻜﺎري و ﻫﻤﻴﺎري در اﻳﻦ زﻣﻴﻨﻪ اﻋﻼم ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﻢ .ﭼﺮاﻛﻪ ﭘﺮواﺿﺢ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻗﺪﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﻛﻮﭼﻚ در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮداﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد ،ﺟﻠﻮ ﺧﺴﺮاﻧﻬﺎي ﺑﺰرﮔﻲ را در آﻳﻨﺪه ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ.
ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ اﺟﻼس و ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ:
»»»»»» »»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»» ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ :ﻣﻬﺘﺎب ﺻﺎدﻗﻲ ﺣﺮﻳﺮي ﻣﻨﺒﻊ :دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮن ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ آب و ﻫﻮا UNFCCC
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ﻫﻔﺘﺎد و ﭼﻬﺎرﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك )(EB 74
22اﻟﻲ 26ﺟﻮﻻي 2013 -ﺑﻦ -آﻟﻤﺎن در اﻳﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﻫﻴﺄت ﻣﺪﻳﺮه اﻃﻼﻋﺎت اراﻳﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﻋﻀﺎء اﺻﻠﻲ و ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﺪل را ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻀﺎدﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ،ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻛﺮد .ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻋﻀﺎء در ﺧﺼﻮص ﺗﻀﺎدﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ در وب ﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺑﻪ آدرس زﻳﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ اﺳﺖ: http://cdm.unfccc.int/EB/index.html ﻫﻴﺄت ﻣﺪﻳﺮه ﻣﺮوري ﺑﺮ اﺟﺮاي آﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻃﺮح ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻲ CDMﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻃﺮح ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ،2013در اﻳﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم داد ﺑﻄﻮرﻳﻜﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻴﻬﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮔﺰارش وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺮاﻛﺰ ﻫﻤﻜﺎرﻳﻬﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي و ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ در ﺧﺼﻮص ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ .ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ از اﻳﻦ ﮔﺰارش و اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ داده ﺷﺪ اﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل ﻛﺮده و ﺑﻪ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ اﻳﻦ ﮔﺰارش در ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ دﺳﺘﻮر ﻛﺎر ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺑﻌﺪي )ﻫﻔﺘﺎدوﭘﻨﺠﻤﻴﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ( اﺷﺎره ﻧﻤﻮد .ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ در اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ در ﻣﻮرد ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻫﺎ و درآﻣﺪﻫﺎي آﺗﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺤﺚ و ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮ ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ .از دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ را در ﺧﺼﻮص ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﻴﺄت را ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ راﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺎي ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻲ ﺑﻌﺪي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك را ﮔﺰارش ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ. ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﻣﺮوري ﺑﺮ ﮔﺰارش ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﺎزارﻛﺮﺑﻦ و ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﮕﺰاري ﻫﺎي اﺧﻴﺮ در زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي CDMرا در ﻃﻮل ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺎه ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم داد و در ﺧﺼﻮص ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﻬﺎي اﺧﻴﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ و ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن در آن ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. 1 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ از آن اﺷﺎره ﻛﺮد ﻛﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﻫﻤﻜﺎرﻳﻬﺎي ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﻲ در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻲ ﺑﺎزار را دارﻧﺪ و از دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﻧﻤﻮد ﺗﺎ روﻧﺪ ﺗﺒﺎدل ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻴﺎت و دﻳﺪﮔﺎه ﻫﺎ ﻣﺎﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ CDMو ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﻜﺎرﻳﻬﺎي ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ) (JISCرا ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ. رﺋﻴﺲ ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ در آﺧﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ اﺻﻠﻲ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ را ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻛﺮده و ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎن رﺳﻴﺪ .ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از اﻳﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻃﺒﻖ ﭘﺎراﮔﺮاف 17دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ و روﻳﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و اﺻﻞ 31ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ روﺷﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﻋﻤﻮم ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ .ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه وﻳﺪﻳﻮي ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﻣﺬﻛﻮر ﺑﻪ آدرس زﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﻴﺪ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ: http://cdm.unfccc.int/EB/Meetings
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ﺷﺼﺘﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك )(MP 60
19اﻟﻲ 22آﮔﻮﺳﺖ – 2013ﺑﻦ ،آﻟﻤﺎن در اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ ﮔﺰارﺷﻲ از وﺿﻌﻴﺖ اﺟﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺎري 2013و آﺧﺮﻳﻦ اﺻﻼﺣﺎت ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك را ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار داد. ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻧﻈﺮات در ﺧﺼﻮص ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرگ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس وﺿﻌﻴﺖ و ﺳﻮاﺑﻖ آﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻈﺮات ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ در ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در وب ﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﻮاﻧﺴﻴﻮن ﻃﺒﻖ آدرس زﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد اﺳﺖ: http://cdm.unfccc.int/goto/MPpropmeth روﺷﻬﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ "ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ،ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮي ،ﺑﺎزﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎي ﭘﺎﻳﻪ و ﭘﺎﻳﺶ و اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ" )ﻃﺒﻖ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ (01.1و " روﻳﻪ اراﻳﻪ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎي ﭘﺎﻳﻪ و ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺑﺰرگ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس )ﻃﺒﻖ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ (01در آدرس زﻳﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ: http://cdm.unfccc.int/Reference/Procedures/index.html#meth روﺷﻬﺎ و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺰرگ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ در ﺟﺪاول زﻳﺮ آﻣﺪه اﺳﺖ:
2 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺰرگ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﺷﺪه وﺿﻌﻴﺖ
ﭘﺎراﮔﺮاف
ﻋﻨﻮان
ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات
/(a)15
ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد
ﺿﻤﻴﻤﻪ 1
ﺟﺪﻳﺪ
/(b) 15
ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد
ﺿﻤﻴﻤﻪ 2
ﺟﺪﻳﺪ
(a) 17
ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد اوﻟﻴﻪ
(b) 17
ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد اوﻟﻴﻪ
(c) 17
ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد اوﻟﻴﻪ
18
در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم
ﭘﺎراﮔﺮاف
وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات
/19ﺿﻤﻴﻤﻪ 3
در ﺣﺎل ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ
20
در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم
ﺷﻤﺎره ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪﻳﻪ
ردﻳﻒ
NM0363
1
ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺑﻬﺮه وري اﻧﺮژي از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ دوده زداﻳﻲ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ در دﻳﻮاره ﺑﻮﻳﻠﺮﻫﺎي ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮق از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﺣﻴﺎ ﻣﺪاوم ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻲ و ﻓﺴﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در زاﻳﺪات
NM0365
ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﮔﺎز ﻛﻠﺮ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﺳﻴﻮن ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﻲ اﺳﻴﺪﻛﻠﺮﻳﺪرﻳﻚ ﺑﺠﺎي اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻟﻴﺰ آن
NM0366
2
3
ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻨﻲ ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﺴﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺷﺪه ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﺗﺨﻤﻴﺮ ﺑﻲ ﻫﻮازي
NM0367
4
زﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي آﻟﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﭘﺬﻳﺮ از ﻫﻀﻢ ﺑﻲ ﻫﻮازي NM0368
ﻧﺸﺨﻮارﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن
5
ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژي ﭘﺎﻳﻪ و ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮق از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ زﻳﺴﺖ ﺗﻮده )ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎي ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ( در ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎه
NM0369
6
ﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﺮم ﻛﻦ ﻫﺎي ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي
وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺑﺰار ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﺸﺖ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن
ﻣﻮﺿﻮع
ردﻳﻒ
اﺑﺰار ﺟﺪﻳﺪ
1
اﺑﺰار ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اراﻳﻪ روﻳﻪ ﻫﺎ و ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺷﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ در ارﺗﺒﺎط
درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﻫﻴﺄت
ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ
3 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
2
در اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ و ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻣﻮردي ﺧﺎص ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ :ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ و روش ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﻮﻋﺪ ﻣﻘﺮر درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد و ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺎري ﺳﺎل .2013 ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ ﮔﺰارش ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ را ﺗﺪوﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮد و ﺷﺼﺘﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎن ﻳﺎﻓﺖ .ﮔﺰارش و ﺿﻤﻴﻤﻪ ﻫﺎي آن در وب ﺳﺎﻳﺖ دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ UNFCCCﻗﺎﺑﻞ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ اﺳﺖ.
ﺳﻲ و ﻫﺸﺘﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻛﺎري و اﺣﻴﺎء ﺟﻨﮕﻞ AR/WG38 14اﻟﻲ 16آﮔﻮﺳﺖ -2013ﺑﻦ ،آﻟﻤﺎن در اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻛﺎري و اﺣﻴﺎء ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﮔﺰارش وﺿﻌﻴﺖ اﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ، 2013ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺎري و آﺧﺮﻳﻦ دﺳﺘﺎوردﻫﺎ و ﮔﺰارﺷﺎت را ﺟﻬﺖ اراﺋﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﺎدوﭼﻬﺎرﻣﻴﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار داد .در اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﺑﻄﻮر ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻛﺎري و اﺣﻴﺎء ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﻛﻪ ﺟﺰءاﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ) (CPAsو ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ) (POAsاﺳﺖ را ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻃﺒﻖ درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﺎدوﭼﻬﺎرﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ،ﻣﻄﺮح ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ .ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ در ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺑﻌﺪي ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ )ﻫﻔﺘﺎدوﭘﻨﺠﻤﻴﻦ( اراﺋﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎزﺑﻴﻨﻲ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ در اﻳﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت زﻳﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮي ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ -
روﻳﻪ ﻫﺎي "ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ،ﺑﺎزﺑﻴﻨﻲ و ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮي روﺷﻬﺎي ﭘﺎﻳﻪ و ﭘﺎﻳﺶ و اﺑﺰار ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ" )ﻧﺴﺨﻪ (01.1در آدرس زﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد اﺳﺖ.
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ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﻳﺎدآور ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ از ﺑﻴﺮون درﺧﻮاﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎزﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻛﺎري و اﺣﻴﺎء ﺟﻨﮕﻞ اﻋﻼم ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﻮد.
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ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﺪم درﻳﺎﻓﺖ درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺑﺎزﺑﻴﻨﻲ از ﺑﻴﺮون ،ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎزﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ و اﺑﺰارﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮﺳﻨﺠﻲ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ و ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ .ﻟﻴﺴﺖ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژي ﻫﺎ و اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﺑﺎزﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺷﺪه در ﺟﺪول آﻣﺪه اﺳﺖ.
ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻛﺎري و اﺣﻴﺎء ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ و ﻣﻮارد ﺧﺎص از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻛﺎري و اﺣﻴﺎء ﺟﻨﮕﻞ درﻳﺎﻓﺘﻲ از دﺑﻴﺮﺧﺎﻧﻪ را ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻗﺮار داد .ﮔﺰارش ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ و ﺿﻤﻴﻤﻪ ﻫﺎي آن در وب ﺳﺎﻳﺖ اﺻﻠﻲ UNFCCCﻣﻮﺟﻮد اﺳﺖ.
4 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
ﮔﺰارش: ﮔﺰارش :1ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف ﮔﺎز ﺗﺎ %20ﺑﺎ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي
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ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﺪﻳﺪي ﻛﻪ اﻧﺮژي ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ را ﺑﻪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﮔﺎزي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﻮان ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ %20در ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﺼﺮف ﮔﺎز را ﺑﺎ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﮕﻪ داﺷﺘﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﺴﻴﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪي ﻧﻮﻳﺪ داده اﺳﺖ.
ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎن آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﻣﻠﻲ ﺷﻤﺎل ﻏﺮﺑﻲ اﻗﻴﺎﻧﻮس آرام در اﻳﺎﻻت ﻣﺘﺤﺪه آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻲ را ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ داده اﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ از ﺣﺮارت ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎز ﺳﻨﺘﺰ – ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻃﻲ از ﻫﻴﺪروژن و ﻣﻮﻧﻮاﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ – اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ .اﻳﻦ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻫﻨﮕﺎم اﺣﺘﺮاق اﻧﺮژي ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ. اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ از ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ اي از آﻳﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺳﻬﻤﻮي ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪه ﻛﻪ ﭘﺮﺗﻮﻫﺎي ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪ را ﺑﺮ روي دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪود 1ﻣﺘﺮ ﻃﻮل و 50 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻋﺮض دارد ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ .اﻳﻦ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه در ﺑﺮ دارﻧﺪه ﻳﻚ رآﻛﺘﻮر ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ و ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪل ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ اﺳﺖ .ﺣﺮارت ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺷﺪه دﻣﺎي ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ را در ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﻫﺎي رآﻛﺘﻮر ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺮد؛ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﻫﺎ ﺣﺎوي ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎز ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ .در ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺣﺎل ﻣﺒﺪل ﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ،ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ از واﻛﻨﺶ را ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ .آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎت ﺑﺮ روي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي اوﻟﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داده اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ از %60اﻧﺮژي ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ آﻳﻨﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺧﻮرد ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺻﺮف اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ اﻧﺮژي ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ در ﮔﺎز ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد. 5 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎن ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ اﻳﻦ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﻛﻨﺎر ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﺪاول ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﻮان از ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ،ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه و واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﮔﺎزي- ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي را ﺑﻮﺟﻮد آورﻧﺪ .در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﻇﺮ اﻳﻦ ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ روش ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪي ارزان ﺗﺮي ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻄﻮرﻳﻜﻪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﺴﻴﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪي از اﻳﻦ روش ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎل 2020ﺑﻴﺶ از 0/06دﻻر ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﻛﻴﻠﻮ وات ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ رﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻞ از ﺑﺎب وﻳﺠﻦ ،1ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﭘﺮوژه ،اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﻮان را ﻗﺎدر ﻣﻲ ﺳﺎزد ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﻘﺪار ﻛﻤﺘﺮي ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎن ﻣﻘﺪار ﭘﻴﺸﻴﻦ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﺴﻴﺘﻪ را ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ .ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي واﺣﺪ را ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮان ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪي از ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻓﺴﻴﻠﻲ ﺳﻨﺘﻲ رﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ. در ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺣﺎل اﻋﻀﺎي اﻳﻦ ﺗﻴﻢ ﺑﻴﺎن ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ از ﻋﻬﺪه ﻣﺸﻜﻞ اﺳﺎﺳﻲ از ﻛﺎر اﻓﺘﺎدن در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ اﺑﺮي و ﺷﺐ در ﺳﺎزه ﻫﺎي ﻓﻌﻠﻲ ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي ﺑﺮ آﻣﺪه اﺳﺖ .در اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﮔﺎزي ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺧﻮد اداﻣﻪ دﻫﺪ.
Bob Wegeng 6 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
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ﮔﺰارش :2اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺣﺮارت زاﺋﺪ در ﺑﻬﺒﻮد راﻧﺪﻣﺎن CCS2 اﺻﻼح و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ آﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻠﻔﺎت ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻲ
»»»»»» »»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»» TCE, May 2013
ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ :ﻣﻴﻨﺎ ﻛﻼﮔﺮ
ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﮔﺰارﺷﻲ از داﻧﺸﮕﺎه راﻳﺲ 3اﻳﺎﻻت ﻣﺘﺤﺪه آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺣﺮارت زاﺋﺪ از ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﺎ دﻓﻊ ﻣﻲ ﺷﺪ، ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺬف CO2از آﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﺎ و ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ آن ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎي ﺑﺨﺎر ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد. ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﺣﺬف CO2از ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ اي ﻛﻪ از اﻋﻤﺎق زﻣﻴﻦ ﺧﺎرج ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ،ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﺣﻼل ﻫﺎي آﻣﻴﻦ را ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺬف CO2از ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي اﺣﺘﺮاق ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﺑﺮد .ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺬف CO2از ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ و ﮔﺎز اﺣﺘﺮاق در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺎزي ﻛﻪ از اﻋﻤﺎق زﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﻴﺮون ﻣﻲ آﻳﺪ ،ﺑﺮ ﺧﻼف ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي اﺣﺘﺮاق ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ دارد .ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮ ﭘﺮﻓﺴﻮر ﺟﻮرج ﻫﻴﺮاﺳﺎﻛﻲ ،4ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺷﻴﻤﻲ و ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﻮﻟﻜﻮﻟﻲ ،اﻳﻦ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ آﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ اﻋﻤﺎل روش ﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﺷﺪن در ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎه ﻫﺎ دارد.
Carbon Capture and Storage Rice University George Hirasaki
7 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
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ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﻣﻜﺎن اﺻﻼﺣﺎت ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ و ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ از ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻫﺎي ﺑﺨﺎر زاﺋﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﻛﻤﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ درآوردن ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦ دارﻧﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺣﺮارت در رﻳﺒﻮﻳﻠﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد .ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ ﻛﺎر ﺣﺮارت ﺑﺨﺶ اﻧﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮج ﻛﻪ در آن اﺣﻴﺎي آﻣﻴﻦ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ،اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ و ﺑﺨﺎر وارد ﺷﺪه ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺎر ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز از ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ اوﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد .اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺑﺨﺎر ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻌﺎدل %35اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﺴﻴﺘﻪ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ از ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎه را ﻣﺼﺮف ﻛﻨﺪ .ﻫﻴﺮاﺳﺎﻛﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ﺑﺮآورد ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺣﺮارت زاﺋﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار را ﺗﺎ %10ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒﻼ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﺗﻼف ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻲ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﺪ ،ﻛﺎﻫﺶ داد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ آن ﻫﺎ ﻋﻘﻴﺪه دارﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ از روش ﻫﺎي ﻣﻤﻜﻦ در ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ،ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل آﻣﻴﻦ اﺳﺖ .ﺑﺪﻳﻦ دﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﻫﺎي آﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻫﺮﻳﻚ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮدي ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺻﻲ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺎراﻳﻲ ﺧﻮد را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ .ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺜﺎل در ﻓﺸﺎرﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻴﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دي اﺗﺎﻧﻮل آﻣﻴﻦ ) (DEAو دي ﮔﻼﻳﻜﻮل آﻣﻴﻦ ) (DGAﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻮاﺗﺎﻧﻮل آﻣﻴﻦ ) (MEAﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ .اﻳﻦ ﮔﺮوه ﺑﺮاي اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﻈﺮ دﻗﻴﻖ ﺗﺮ ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي دارد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮ اﻳﻦ ﮔﺮوه ﺻﺎﻣﺪ وارودﻛﺎر 5ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﺪ :ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﻫﺎي زﻳﺎدي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﻮد .ﺳﻮال اﻳﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ آﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﻛﺪام اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ رآﻛﺘﻮر ،ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺬف CO2ﺑﺎ ﺑﺨﺎر ﻓﺸﺎر ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ .ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ ﺳﻮال ﻫﺎ ﺟﻮاب ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮدي وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد .ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺜﺎل اﻳﻦ ﮔﺰوه ﻗﺒﻼ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي را ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ داده اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در آن ﺟﺬب CO2و ﺣﺮارت دادن ﺣﻼل ﺗﻨﻬﺎ در ﻳﻚ ﺳﺘﻮن ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎي دو ﺳﺘﻮن اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد .آﻧﻬﺎ اﻋﺘﻘﺎد دارﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﻛﺮدن ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻣﻘﺪاري ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺟﻮﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .اﻳﻦ ﺗﻴﻢ در ﻧﻈﺮ دراد ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي آﺗﻲ ﺧﻮد از ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ روش ﻫﺎي CCSاﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻛﺮده و روش ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﺗﻼﻓﺎت ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻲ اراﺋﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ.
ﭘﻲ ﻧﻮﺷﺖ :اﺗﻼف ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي در ﺻﻮرت ﺧﺎﻣﻮش ﺑﻮدن ﻣﺼﺮف ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ اﺳﺖ .ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎرت دﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻴﺎن ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﺼﺮف داﺧﻠﻲ اﻧﺮژي در ﻳﻚ واﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻳﺠﺎد ﻣﺤﺼﻮل )ﺣﺎﻣﻞ اﻧﺮژي( ﻣﻄﻠﻮب اﺳﺖ.
Sumedh Warudkar
8 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
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ﮔﺰارش :3ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ،ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ
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ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ دﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ دﻧﻴﺎ ،اﺳﭙﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ اﺳﺖ .ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات آب وﻫﻮاﻳﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ،ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻛﻢ ﺑﺎرش و ﺧﺸﻜﺴﺎﻟﻲ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ اﺳﭙﺎﻧﻴﺎ را ﻣﺠﺒﻮر ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺎزي و اﺻﻼح اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋيﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ آب ﺧﻮد ﻛﺮده اﺳﺖ. اﻳﻦ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ،ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي آب در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻬﺮي ،ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺧﻼﻗﺎﻧﻪاي از ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮژيﻫﺎ را ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي ﺣﺎﺿﺮ آب آﺷﺎﻣﻴﺪﻧﻲ داﺧﻠﻲ از ﺻﻨﻌﺖ و ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻲﻃﻠﺒﺪ .ﻛﺸﺎورزي آﺑﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ﺣﺪود %80ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ در ﺧﺼﻮص ﻣﺼﺮف آب اﺳﺖ، ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ اراﺋﻪ راه ﺣﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن از ﭘﺎﻳﺪاري ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب ﺑﻄﻮرﻳﻜﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﻲ را ﭘﻮﺷﺶ دﻫﺪ ،ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ اﺳﺖ. در ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎي اﺧﻴﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺠﺪد ﭘﺴﺎب )ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻨﺒﻊ آب ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺸﺎورزي در اروﭘﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در واﻗﻊ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب آب اروﭘﺎ 2000/60/ECﻣﻔﻬﻮم و ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﭘﺴﺎب را در ﺑﺮﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد و ﺑﻴﺎن ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ در ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻫﺮﺟﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ دوﺑﺎره اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد. از آﻧﺠﺎﻳﻜﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺴﺎب ﻫﺮ دو ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ آب از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي آب ﺗﺎزه و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ آب ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ را درﺑﺮ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد ،ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﺧﺎرق اﻟﻌﺎدهاي در ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﻳﺪاري آب دارد .ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ،ﭘﺴﺎب ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋﻳﻚ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر وﻳﮋه در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻛﻢ آب اﺳﺖ ،ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻼف آب آﺷﺎﻣﻴﺪﻧﻲ ،ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ آب و ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ از اﻗﻠﻴﻢ اﺳﺖ.
9 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب آب ،اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺴﺎب در اروﭘﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ .ﺟﻤﻊ آوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻛ ﻤﻲ درﺧﺼﻮص ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺠﺪد دﺷﻮار اﺳﺖ؛ ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ،ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ در ﭘﺮوژه AQUARECدر ﺳﺎل 2004ﻛﻞ ﺣﺠﻢ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺠﺪد از ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه در اروﭘﺎ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 964ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ %2/4از ﭘﺴĤﺑﻬﺎي ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه را در ﺑﺮ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد. اﺳﭙﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻬﻢ ) 347ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ( آن را ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد و اﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎ 233ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﻣﺼﺮف دارد .در ﻫﺮ دو ﻛﺸﻮر ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﭘﺴﺎب ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه را درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﺮده اﺳﺖ .اﺳﺮاﺋﻴﻞ دﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺰرگ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ) 280ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ در ﺳﺎل 2004ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪود %83از ﻛﻞ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه( .ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﺮخ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺠﺪد از ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه در ﻗﺒﺮس ) (%100و در ﻣﺎﻟﺘﺎ ) (%60ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﺳﭙﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻋﻼﻳﻢ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع وﺟﻮد دارد )ﺷﻜﻞ .(1ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺜﺎل ،ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ،6INEدر ﺳﺎل 491 ،2010ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﭘﺴﺎب اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺠﺪد ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ،اﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان 10درﺻﺪ از ﻛﻞ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮده و اﻳﻦ روﻧﺪ در ﺣﺎل رﺷﺪ اﺳﺖ.
ﺷﻜﻞ -1روﻧﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺠﺪد از ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه در اﺳﭙﺎﻧﻴﺎ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺠﺪد ﭘﺴﺎب ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ اﺗﺤﺎدﻳﻪ اروﭘﺎ ) (ECرا از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ از ﭘﺮوژهﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه دارد ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺮوژه 30 ﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﻃﺮح ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺠﺪد ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪود ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻳﻮرو ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ .EC
National Institute of Statistics of Spain 10 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
6
ﺷﻜﻞ -2ﺷﻤﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻃﺮح ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده
ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮژي: ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده 4ﻣﺪول را در ﺑﺮ ﻣﻴﮕﻴﺮد: •
ﻣﺪول ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ آب
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اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه اﺧﺘﻼط
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ﻣﺪول ﺑﺎروري )ﺑﺎروري از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ آﺑﻴﺎري(
• ﻣﺪول ﭘﺎﻳﺶ و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻮراﻛﺘﻮر ﻏﺸﺎﻳﻲ ) (MBRﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪول ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ آب ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺑﻄﻮرﻳﻜﻪ ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻐﺬي ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻓﺎﺿﻼب )ﺑﻄﻮر ﻋﻤﺪه ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن و ﻓﺴﻔﺮ( ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ در ﺣﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ ﭘﻼﻧﮕﺘﻮن ﻫﺎ ﻛﺸﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ .اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه اﺧﺘﻼط ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ از آب ﺗﺎزه و ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه از MBRرا ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪول ﺑﺎروري ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد .ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ،ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻐﺬي
11 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺧﺎك ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺳﻨﺴﻮرﻫﺎ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد .اﻳﻦ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل از راه دور ﺑﻪ واﺣﺪ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎده ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎلﻫﺎي درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺷﺪه را ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ وﻳﮋهاي ﺑﺮاي ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي واﺣﺪ اﺧﺘﻼط ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ. ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺪام از ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮژيﻫﺎ ) ،MBRﺳﻨﺴﻮرﻫﺎ ،ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﭘﺎﻳﺶ و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل و (...ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ .ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ،اﺑﺪاع در اﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺘﺮاﻛﻢ واﺣﺪ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ راﺣﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد .ﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﺼﺺ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻛﻢ ،ﻛﺸﺎورزان ﻣﻲ- ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر را ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻐﺬي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز در ﺧﺎك از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺳﻨﺴﻮرﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻛﻨﻨﺪ و ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ آن دوز ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه را در زﻣﺎن واﻗﻌﻲ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ .ﻣﺰاﻳﺎي آن ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ روﺷﻦ اﺳﺖ -ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎروري داﻧﻪﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد ،درﺣﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن از آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ ﺧﺎك ﻳﺎ آبﻫﺎي زﻳﺮزﻣﻴﻨﻲ اﺟﺘﻨﺎب ﻣﻲﺷﻮد. ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻛﺸﺎورزان ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﻳﺎ اﺗﺤﺎدﻳﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ و ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺘﺮاﻛﻢ ،آﻧﺮا ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ روﺳﺘﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻲﺳﺎزد .ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ،ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻬﺮي در ﺟﺎﻳﻴﻜﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﺮﻛﺰي ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد، ﺑﺎ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد. ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ: ﭘﺮوژهاي ﻛﻪ در ژوﺋﻦ 2012آﻏﺎز ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎزﮔﻲ ﻓﺎز ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ را ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎن رﺳﺎﻧﻴﺪه و اﻛﻨﻮن ﻫﻤﻪ اﻋﻀﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﺧﺖ و ﺟﻤﻊ آوري اﺟﺰاي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻛﻪ در دوره آورﻳﻞ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻲ 2013ﻧﺼﺐ ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ در ﺣﺎل ﻫﻤﻜﺎري ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ در ﺷﻬﺮ ﻛﺎرﺗﺎﻣﺎ در ﻣﺎﻻﮔﺎ اﺳﭙﺎﻧﻴﺎ در زﻣﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ 2700ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﺮاي آﺑﻴﺎري 2000ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﮔﻮﺟﻪ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﻲ ﻗﺮار ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ .ﺑﻌﺪ از آزﻣﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮدي اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺿﺮوري ،ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري از ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺠﺪد در ﭘﺎﻳﺎن ﻣﻲ ﺷﺮوع ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ و ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎن ﻓﺼﻞ آﺑﻴﺎري ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻫﺎ )ﺳﭙﺘﺎﻣﺒﺮ -اﻛﺘﺒﺮ( اداﻣﻪ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ .ﻓﺎز ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪﺳﺎزي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ در ﻃﻲ ﻓﺼﻞ آﺑﻴﺎري ﺳﺎل 2014اﻧﺠﺎم ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﭼﺸﻢ اﻧﺪاز: ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪاي ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺠﺪد از ﻓﺎﺿﻼب در آن دﺳﺘﻪ از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﻛﻪ ﻛﻤﺒﻮد آب ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﺳﺖ، وﺟﻮد دارد .ﺟﻨﻮب اروﭘﺎ ،ﺷﻤﺎل اﻓﺮﻳﻘﺎ و ﺧﺎورﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺜﺎلﻫﺎي ﺧﻮﺑﻲ از اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ وﻟﻲ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮارد ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ .آب ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋﻳﻚ روي زﻣﻴﻦ اﺳﺖ و ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ آب و ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷﺪه ﻛﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎري از ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب را ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪي ﺑﺠﺎي آب دور رﻳﺰ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ .در اروﭘﺎ ﺑﺨﺶ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺠﺪد از آب در ﻓﺎز اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ،و در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮي ﭘﺎﻳﺪاري ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ و ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮي ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺮا در ﻣﻘﻴﺎس ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ وﺟﻮد دارد.
12 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
ﮔﺰارش :4اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﺸﺮ ﺳﺨﺘﮕﻴﺮاﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ
»»»»»» »»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»» ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ :ﺗﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﻧﻮدل ﻣﻨﺒﻊClimate Connect :
آژاﻧﺲ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ) (EPAدر ﻳﻚ اﻃﻼﻋﻴﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﺸﺮ ﺳﺨﺘﮕﻴﺮاﻧﻪاي را ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ اراﺋﻪ ﻛﺮد .اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ اﻗﺪام اﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭼﻨﺪي ﭘﻴﺶ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ آﻗﺎي اوﺑﺎﻣﺎ اﻋﻼم ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ﻳﻚ ﺳﻮم از اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪاي آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ EPA ،دو ﺳﺮي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﮔﺎز ﺳﻮز و زﻏﺎل ﺳﻮز اراﺋﻪ ﻛﺮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﮔﺎز ﺳﻮز EPA ،دو اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﻧﺪازه ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎه اراﺋﻪ داده اﺳﺖ: 1100ﭘﻮﻧﺪ CO2ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﻣﮕﺎوات ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ) (0/498 kgCO2/kWhﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺎﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺑﺮق ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮف ﮔﺎز ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 850 mmBtu/hr 1000ﭘﻮﻧﺪ CO2ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﻣﮕﺎوات ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ) (0/453 kgCO2/kWhﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺎﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺑﺮق ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮف ﮔﺎز ﺑﻴﺶ از 850 mmBtu/hr ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي زﻏﺎل ﺳﻮز ﻧﻴﺰ دو ﺳﺮي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد اﻋﻼم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ .رﻋﺎﻳﺖ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﺬب ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ) (carbon captureﺑﺮ روي ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات CO2ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻴﺎز ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داﺷﺖ.
1100ﭘﻮﻧﺪ CO2ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﻣﮕﺎوات ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ) (0/498 kgCO2/kWhﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺎﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺑﺮق در ﻳﻚ دوره 12ﻣﺎﻫﻪ
1000-1050ﭘﻮﻧﺪ CO2ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﻣﮕﺎوات ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ) (0/453-0/476 kgCO2/kWhﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺎﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺑﺮق در ﻳﻚ دوره 7ﺳﺎﻟﻪ
اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدي ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ اوﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺘﻬﺎي ﻳﻜﻨﻮاﺧﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺑﺮ روي ﻣﻴﺰان اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي آﺗﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﺑﻪ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر آن ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻮد .اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬاريﻫﺎﻳﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒﻼً در زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﻨﺎوريﻫﺎي اﻧﺮژي ﭘﺎك در ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺮق ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻈﺮات ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﺸﺮ در 60روز آﻳﻨﺪه ﺑﺎز ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد .ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮنﮔﺬار ﻓﺪرال و اﻳﺎﻟﺘﻲ اﻇﻬﺎر داﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮ روي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﺸﺮ ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ اﻳﺎﻟﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .اﻳﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮنﮔﺬاران ﺧﻮاﺳﺘﺎر اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﭘﺬﻳﺮي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي EPAﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ.
13 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
ﮔﺰارش :5آﻓﺘﺎب در ﺳﻄﺤﻲ ﮔﺴﺘﺮده ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎه ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺟﻬﺎن در ﻏﺮب اﺑﻮﻇﺒﻲ راهاﻧﺪازي ﺷﺪ
»»»»»» »»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»» ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ :ﻋﺎدل ﭘﺮﺗﻮي ﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ از ﻣﺠﻠﻪ -tceآورﻳﻞ 2013 ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎه 100ﻣﮕﺎواﺗﻲ ﺷﻤﺲ ﻳﻚ در ﻋﺮﺻﻪاي ﺑﻪ وﺳﻌﺖ 2/5ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ -ﻣﻌﺎدل 285زﻣﻴﻦ ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎل- ﮔﺴﺘﺮده ﺷﺪه و اﻧﺮژي ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺮاي 20,000ﺧﺎﻧﻪ را ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﻛﺮد. اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﻣﻲرود اﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎه ﺳﺎﻟﻴﺎﻧﻪ از اﻧﺘﺸﺎر 175,000ﺗﻦ ﮔﺎز ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪاي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ -ﻣﻌﺎدل از رده ﺧﺎرج ﻛﺮدن 1500ﺧﻮدرو از ﺟﺎدهﻫﺎ -و ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻫﺪف اﺑﻮﻇﺒﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ %7اﻧﺮژي ﺧﻮد از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎل 2020اﺳﺖ. ﺷﻤﺲ ﻳﻚ )ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎم ﻋﺮﺑﻲ »ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪ« اﺳﺖ( 258,000آﻳﻨﻪ دارد ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮروي 768ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻛﻠﻜﺘﻮر ﺳﻬﻤﻮي ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﻧﻮر ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﺗﺎﺑﺎن ﺧﺎورﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮروي اﻳﻦ آﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ،و ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮ روي ﺷﺒﻜﻪ از ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﺮ ﺷﺪه از روﻏﻦ ﻛﻪ از روﺑﺮوي اﻳﻦ ﺻﻔﺤﺎت ﻣﻲﮔﺬرﻧﺪ ،ﻣﺎﻳﻊ داﺧﻞ آﻧﻬﺎ را ﺑﻪ دﻣﺎي 14 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
ﺑﻴﺶ از 300درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻣﻲرﺳﺎﻧﻨﺪ .آﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ در ﻃﻮل روز ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺑﻬﺮهوري ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﭼﺮﺧﻨﺪ. در واﺣﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺮﻛﺰي ،روﻏﻦ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺑﻮﺳﺘﺮ ﻫﻴﺘﺮي ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ،ﺑﻪ دﻣﺎي 500درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻣﻲرﺳﺪ .اﻳﻦ روﻏﻦ داغ در اداﻣﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺨﺎر ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻨﻲ را ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﺴﻴﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﭼﺮﺧﺎﻧﺪ .آب ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در اﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﺎﺑﺎن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﺮﺗﺐ ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺷﻮد و ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎه ﺷﻤﺲ ﻳﻚ از ﻓﻦ ﻫﺎي ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻨﺪاﻧﺲ ﺑﺨﺎر ﺑﻬﺮه ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد .ﮔﺮد و ﻏﺒﺎر ﺑﻴﺎﺑﺎن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﺮﺷﺐ از روي آﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ زدوده ﺷﻮد .اﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﺷﻤﺲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺘﻲ از ﺷﺮﻛﺖ اﻧﺮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﺼﺪر) ،(%60ﺗﻮﺗﺎل ) ،(%20و آﺑﻨﮕﻮا ﺳﻮﻻر ) (%20اﺳﺖ ،اﺣﺪاث ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺷﻴﺦ ﺧﺎﻟﺪ ﺑﻦ زاﻳﺪ آل ﻧﻬﻴﺎن رﺋﻴﺲ اﻣﺎرات ﻣﺘﺤﺪه ﻋﺮﺑﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﻮﻳﺪ» :ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺤﻠﻲ اﻧﺮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻫﻴﺪروﻛﺮﺑﻮري ﺑﺎ ارزش ﻣﺎرا ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻛﺮده و از رﺷﺪ ﻳﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻮﭘﺎي ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ«
15 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
اﺧﺒﺎر ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ:
»»»»»» »»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»» ﻋﺎدل ﭘﺮﺗﻮي – ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺻﺎدق اﺣﺪي
-1اوﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﺪﻟﻮژي ﺗﺪوﻳﻦ ﺷﺪه ﺷﺮﻛﺖ اﻧﺮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﻜﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺎه ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ در ﺟﻠﺴﻪ 41ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎري ﭘﺮوژهﻫﺎي ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس و ﺟﻠﺴﻪ 75ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﺷﺪ .اﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﺪﻟﻮژي ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ در ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﺳﺮﺧﻮن و ﻗﺸﻢ ﺗﺪوﻳﻦ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺿﻤﻦ ارج ﻧﻬﺎدن ﺑﻪ ﺗﻼﺷﻬﺎي ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ،از ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ و ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺎه ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﺨﺼﻮص ﺟﻨﺎب آﻗﺎي ﻣﻬﻨﺪس ﻛﺎﺷﻔﻲ و ﻧﻴﺰ از ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﺘﺮم ،ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺶ ﮔﺎز ﺳﺮﺧﻮن وﻗﺸﻢ ،ﻗﺪرداﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﻢ.
-2درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺛﺒﺖ ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎه ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ 480ﻣﮕﺎوات ﺳﻴﺮﺟﺎن ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﻴﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ ارﺳﺎل ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ .ﺑﺎ اﺣﺪاث اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﺳﺎﻟﻴﺎﻧﻪ از اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺣﺪود 600ﻫﺰار ﺗﻦ ﮔﺎز ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪاي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي ﻣﻲﺷﻮد .در ﺻﻮرت ﺛﺒﺖ اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺸﺘﻤﻴﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ و ﭼﻬﺎردﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﭘﺮوژه اﻳﺮان ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد.
-3ﺑﺎ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻧﻬﺎد ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ و ﻋﻘﺪ ﻗﺮارداد ﺑﺎ آن ،ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ دو ﭘﺮوژه »ﻃﺮح ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن آب و ﺑﺮق ﻗﺸﻢ -ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺮق و آب ﻗﺸﻢ ﻣﭙﻨﺎ« و »ﻃﺮح ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺑﻴﻮﮔﺎز و ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺮق و ﺣﺮارت در ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﻬﺮان -ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﻬﺮان« ﺷﺮوع ﻣﻲﺷﻮد .ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ،اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﻣﻲرود ﺳﻨﺪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮوژهﻫﺎ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎن ﻣﺎه ﻣﻴﻼدي ﺟﺎري در وبﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﻮد.
-4ﺗﺪوﻳﻦ اوﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ) (CDM-POAاﻳﺮان ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮان »ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﺑﺮﻗﺎﺑﻲ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ اﻳﺮان« ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﻜﺎري ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﺸﺎور ﻣﻬﺎب ﻗﺪس و ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب و ﻧﻴﺮوي اﻳﺮان ﺷﺮوع ﺷﺪ .اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﻴﺮي ﻫﻤﻪ ﻧﻴﺮوﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﺑﺮﻗﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از 15ﻣﮕﺎوات اﻳﺮان از ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك را ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﻣﻲرود ﺗﻌﺪاد ﭘﺮوژهﻫﺎي در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ در ﻃﻮل دوره اﻋﺘﺒﺎر آن ) 28ﺳﺎل( ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ از 100ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮﺳﺪ.
-5ﻗﺮارداد ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﺳﻨﺠﻲ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﻴﺮي از ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك در ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﮔﺎز ﭘﺎرس ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ و ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺎه ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ اﺑﻼغ ﺷﺪ .ﻃﻲ اﻳﻦ ﻗﺮارداد ﻛﻪ در ﺳﻪ ﻓﺎز و ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎً ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 18ﻣﺎه ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮل ﻣﻲاﻧﺠﺎﻣﺪ ،ﺿﻤﻦ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞﻫﺎي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪاي ،ﭘﺮوژهﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﻴﺮي از ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك را دارﻧﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺪه و ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎت ﻻزم ﺑﺮاي ﺛﺒﺖ آﻧﻬﺎ در ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. 16 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
-6ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﺳﻨﺠﻲ ذيﻧﻔﻌﺎن ﻣﺤﻠﻲ ﭘﺮوژه » ﻃﺮح ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺑﻴﻮﮔﺎز و ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺮق و ﺣﺮارت در ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﻏﺮب ﺗﻬﺮان« در روز ﺳﻮم ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮر ﻣﺎه در ﻣﺤﻞ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﺮﮔﺰار ﺷﺪ .در اﻳﻦ ﻃﺮح ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺑﺨﺶ ﻏﺮﺑﻲ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﺮاي ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﺑﺮ 2,100,000ﻧﻔﺮ اﺣﺪاث ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ،ﺑﺎ ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺑﻴﻮﮔﺎز در ﻫﺎﺿﻢﻫﺎي ﺑﻲﻫﻮازي ﻟﺠﻦ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آن در واﺣﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺮق و ﺣﺮارت ) (CHPﺳﺎﻟﻴﺎﻧﻪ از اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺣﺪود 75,000ﺗﻦ دياﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدل ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي ﻣﻲﺷﻮد.
-7ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﺳﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺘﺪار ﻣﻠﻲ ﭘﻴﺮو ﺑﺮﮔﺰاري ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻣﻠﻲ CDMدر روز 92/5/26در ﻣﺤﻞ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ ،ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺘﺪار ﻣﻠﻲ اﻳﺮان ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﺳﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻬﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻘﺖ ﻧﻤﻮد .اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮوژهﻫﺎ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از: -1ﻃﺮح ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﮔﺎز ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﺎز ﺳﺮﺧﻮن وﻗﺸﻢ -2ﻃﺮح ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺑﻴﻮﮔﺎز و ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺮق و ﺣﺮارت ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﻏﺮب ﺗﻬﺮان -3ﻃﺮح ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن آب و ﺑﺮق ﺟﺰﻳﺮه ﻗﺸﻢ ﻣﭙﻨﺎ
-8اوﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ارﺳﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ)ﻓﻠﺮ( ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺧﺎورﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺎه ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ و ﺷﺮﻛﺖ اﻧﺮژي ﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻬﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﺎز ﺳﺮﺧﻮن و ﻗﺸﻢ در ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ ﺛﺒﺖ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ.
"ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺻﺎدق اﺣﺪي" اوﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ارﺳﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻠﺮ ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك) (CDMدر ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺧﺎورﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺎه ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ و ﺷﺮﻛﺖ اﻧﺮژي ﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻬﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ،در 10ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮر ﻣﺎه 1392ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژﻳﻬﺎ و ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﻴﺄت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ رﺳﻴﺪ و ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژي AMS.III.BIﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ در ﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .اﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژي ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ارﺳﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻠﺮ در ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﺎز ﺳﺮﺧﻮن و ﻗﺸﻢ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ،ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﻜﺎري ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺰاﻳﺎي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي ﺗﺤﺖ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞ ﻛﻴﻮﺗﻮ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ا ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻛﻢ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﺎزاد ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻠﺮ ارﺳﺎل ﻣﻲ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ،ﭘﺲ از اﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه ﺟﻤﻊ آوري و ﻓﺸﺎر اﻓﺰاﻳﻲ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ واﺣﺪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﺮﮔﺮداﻧﻨﺪه ﻣﻴﺸﻮد .در اﺛﺮ اﺟﺮاي اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮوژه از ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻦ 14,3ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ در ﺳﺎل ﮔﺎز ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ در ﻓﻠﺮ
17 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ 48ﻫﺰار ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ 7از ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ ﻣﺘﺤﺪ ﻣﻴﮕﺮدد .اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﻣﺰاﻳﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ،ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﻤﺎري ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه و ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻃﺮاف دارد .اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮارد ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از:
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اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮔﺎز ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه و ﺑﺘﺒﻊ آن اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ درآﻣﺪ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه
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ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ و ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از ﻫﺪر رﻓﺖ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﭘﺎك ﮔﺎز
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ﻛﺎﻫﺶ آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ ﻫﻮاي ﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﭘﺮوژه و ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻃﺮاف در اﺛﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻮزاﻧﺪن ﮔﺎز ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎزاد در ﻓﻠﺮ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه
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ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻨﻲ ﮔﺎز ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﻓﺘﻲ ﺑﺠﺎي ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻬﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻣﺼﺮف و ﺑﺘﺒﻊ آن ﻛﺎﻫﺶ آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻣﺼﺮف
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درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ 48000ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر دي اﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ از ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ ﻣﺘﺤﺪ و ﻓﺮوش آن در ﺑﺎزارﻫﺎي ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ
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ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻛﺮد %3از درآﻣﺪ ﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﻓﺮوش ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي -اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻃﺮاف ﭘﺮوژه
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اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ اﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﮔﺎز ﺑﺨﺼﻮص در ﻓﺼﻮل ﺳﺮد ﺳﺎل
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اﺷﺘﻬﺎر ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮآﻣﺪي زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ در ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ و داﺧﻠﻲ
ﻻزم ﺑﺬﻛﺮ اﺳﺖ اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮوژه در ﺻﻮرت ﺛﺒﺖ در ﻣﺎه ﻫﺎي آﻳﻨﺪه ﺟﺰو ﭼﻬﺎردﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك ﻛﺸﻮر ،و اوﻟﻴﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﮔﺎز ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژي ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺷﺮح ﻛﺎر ﭘﺮوژه ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ارﺳﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻠﺮ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﺎز ﺳﺮﺧﻮن و ﻗﺸﻢ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ،ﻟﺬا ﻳﻚ ﻣﺘﺪوﻟﻮژي ﺑﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﻮده و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ارﺳﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻠﺮ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺷﺮﻛﺖ اﻧﺮژي ﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻬﺮ ﺑﻨﻮﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد از ﻫﻤﻜﺎري ﺻﻤﻴﻤﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ و واﺣﺪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ و ﻣﻌﺎوﻧﺖ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺶ ﮔﺎز ﺳﺮﺧﻮن و ﻗﺸﻢ ،ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ و ﻓﻦ آوري ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﮔﺎز و ﻧﻴﺰ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه ﻓﻦ آورﻳﻬﺎي اﻧﺮژي ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺎه ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ در اﺟﺮاي اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﻗﺪرداﻧﻲ ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ .اﻣﻴﺪ اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﺑﺮ داﻧﺶ ﺑﻮﻣﻲ و ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر ،در اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻳﺮان اﺳﻼﻣﻲ در ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻛﻮﺷﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ.
-7ﻫﺮ ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻣﻌﺎدل ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدل دي اﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ 18 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
ﻓﺮاﺧﻮان ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﺎل ﻣﺴﺮت ﺑﻪ اﻃﻼع ﻣﻲ رﺳﺎﻧﺪ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ اﻧﺮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ و ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ (Journal of Renewable ) Enrgy and Environmentاز ﻛﻤﺴﻴﻮن ﻧﺸﺮﻳﺎت وزارت ﻋﻠﻮم ،ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت و ﻓﻨﺎوري ﻣﺠﻮز اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻣﺠﻠﻪ را ﺑﺎ درﺟﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻲ ) رﺗﺒﻪ اﻟﻒ( را درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ .اﻋﻀﺎي ﻣﺤﺘﺮم ﻫﻴﺎت ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ،ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن و ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮان ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻠﻮم و ﻓﻨﺎوري اﻧﺮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ و ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ را ﺷﺎﻣﻞ :ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ،ذﺧﻴﺮه ﺳﺎزي ،ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ،ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ، ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ )اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ،ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﮔﺰاري و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﻳﺰي( و ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﺪار را ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﭼﺎپ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ارﺳﺎل ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ .اﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮان از ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎن اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻲ ،ﻣﺮوري ،ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻲ و ﻳﺎدداﺷﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﻲ در ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ از ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت اﻧﺮژي ﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ و ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ در ﺑﺎﻻ اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ .ﻣﻘﺎﻻت اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺧﻮب ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و داراي ﺑﺎر ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻮده ﺑﻄﻮرﻳﻜﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪاي ﺑﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻨﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ .ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪه در JREEاز ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ در دﺳﺘﺮس ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎن دﻧﻴﺎ ﻗﺮار ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ JREE .ﻣﻘﺎﻻت را از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺮﺧﻂ ﺧﻮد ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻣﻲ ﭘﺬﻳﺮد .روش ﺳﺮﻳﻊ و آﺳﺎن درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت اﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت درﻳﺎﻓﺘﻲ اﻧﺠﺎﻣﻴﺪه اﺳﺖ. زﺑﺎن ﻣﺠﻠﻪ اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ اﺳﺖ .ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻟﻄﻔﺎ ﺑﻪ وﺑﮕﺎه ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ www.jree.irﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻧﻴﺪ. دﻓﺘﺮ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ اﻧﺮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ و ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖjree@merc.ac.ir .
اﻃﻼﻋﻴﻪ:
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ﻫﻤﻜﺎرﮔﺮاﻣﻲ ،ﺟﻨﺎب آﻗﺎي ﻣﻬﻨﺪس ﻣﻴﻨﺎﭘﻮر درﮔﺬﺷﺖ ﭘﺪر ﮔﺮاﻣﻴﺘﺎن ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺎ را اﻧﺪوﻫﮕﻴﻦ ﻛﺮد .ﺑﺮاي آن ﻣﺮﺣﻮم ﻣﻐﻔﻮر ﻋﻠﻮ درﺟﺎت و ﺑﺮاي ﺷﻤﺎ وﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﻣﺤﺘﺮم ﺻﺒﺮ و ﺷﻜﻴﺒﺎﻳﻲ از ﺧﺪاوﻧﺪ ﻣﻨﺎن ﻣﺴﺌﻠﺖ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﻢ. ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ﺷﻤﺎ در ﺷﺮﻛﺖ اﻧﺮژﻳﻬﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻬﺮ
19 ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ،ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم ،ﺷﻤﺎره -24ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه 92
Summary Results of the CDM Meetings
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CDM Executive Board seventy-fourth meeting (EB 74) Date of meeting: 22 to 26 July 2013 Place of meeting: Bonn, Germany The Board considered information provided by members and alternate members with respect to any potential conflict of interest. The statements on conflict of interest from members and alternate members can be viewed on the UNFCCC CDM website at: http://cdm.unfccc.int/EB/index.html Strategic planning and direction The Board considered an update on the implementation of its CDM management plan 2013 (CDMMAP), which included a status report on the Regional Collaboration Centres and on the new information system for the CDM. The Board welcomed the report and the information it contained and noted its value in preparing for the discussion on its next business plan at the seventy-fifth meeting of the Board. The Board also discussed projections of future income and expenditure. It requested the secretariat to further refine the analysis, based on comments of the Board and with guidance from its Finance Committee, and take account of the information in the preparation of future CDM-MAPs.
20 92 ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه-24 ﺷﻤﺎره، ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم،ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ
The Board took note of a report on carbon market and policy developments over the past few months. It noted with concern the effects on market participants. The Board further noted that the CDM and JI have several issues in common in relation to the changing conditions for market-based mechanisms under the UNFCCC, and requested the secretariat to facilitate the exchange of experience and views between the Board and the Joint Implementation Supervisory Committee (JISC). The Board took note of a letter from the DNA of Cyprus related to its status under the Kyoto Protocol, as Cyprus became an Annex I Party pursuant to decision 10/CP.17, which came into effect on 9 January 2013. The Board noted that Cyprus has stated in its letter that CDM project activities in Cyprus may only earn CERs in respect of emissions reductions achieved up to and including 31 December 2012. The Board also noted that all affected project participants had been notified by the DNA of Cyprus. The Board requested the secretariat to make the letter publicly available on the relevant UNFCCC CDM website pages. The Board thanked the DNA of Cyprus for the information provided. The Board agreed on the provisional agenda for its seventy-fifth meeting, to be held in Bonn, Germany, from 30 September to 4 October 2013, as contained in annex 13 to this report. The seventy-fifth meeting of the Board will be preceded by a strategy planning session on 28 and 29 September 2013. Conclusion of the meeting The Chair summarized the main conclusions and closed the meeting. Any decisions taken by the Board shall be made publicly available in accordance with paragraph 17 of the CDM modalities and procedures and with rule 31 of the Rules of procedure of the Board. The proceedings of the open sessions of the meeting can be accessed via webcast at: http://cdm.unfccc.int/EB/Meetings
21 92 ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه-24 ﺷﻤﺎره، ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم،ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ
Methodologies Panel sixtieth meeting (MP WG60) Date of meeting: 19 to 22 2013 Bonn, Germany Performance management The Meth Panel considered a status report on the implementation of the 2013 workplan of the Meth Panel and the recent updates as reported at the seventy-fourth meeting of the Executive Board of the clean development mechanism (hereinafter referred to as the Board). Consideration of proposed new large-scale methodological standard/tools - The status, case history and final recommendations proposed by the Meth Panel for consideration by the Board are made available on the UNFCCC CDM website at: http://cdm.unfccc.int/goto/MPpropmeth - The relevant procedures "Development, revision and clarification of baseline and monitoring methodologies and methodological tools" (version 01.1) and “Procedure for the submission and consideration of a proposed new baseline and monitoring methodology for large scale CDM project activities” (version 01) are available on the UNFCCC CDM website at: http://cdm.unfccc.int/Reference/Procedures/index.html#meth - The Meth Panel considered the proposed new large-scale methodological standards/tools listed in tables 2 and 3 below, as well as desk reviews and public inputs received, where applicable. Status of consideration of proposed new large-scale methodological standards Submission
NM0363
NM0365
NM0366
NM0367
NM0368
NM0369
Title Energy efficiency improvement through online fire side cleaning technology applied to fossil fuel fired steam boilers in existing energy and other industries Less carbon intensive power generation through Continuous Reductive (‘Alambic’) Distillation of wastes containing biogenic and fossil fuel-based carbon Cl2 recycling by catalytic oxidation of HCl instead of electrolysis of HCl aqueous solution Fossil natural gas substitution by renewable natural gas produced from the anaerobic digestion of organic waste Renewable natural gas production from vinasse anaerobic digestion Baseline and monitoring methodology for electricity generation from biomass residues combined with solar thermal power-only plants
Status/ recommendation
Paragraph/ Annex
A
15(a)/ Annex 1
A
15(b)/ Annex 2
Preliminary recommendation
17(a)
Preliminary recommendation
17(b)
Preliminary recommendation
17(c)
WIP
18
22 92 ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه-24 ﺷﻤﺎره، ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم،ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ
Status of consideration of new methodological tools Issue
Title Project emissions from cultivation of biomass
New tool
Board request
Tool to provide globally applicable standardized parameters or approaches related to transport methodologies
Status/ recommendation
Paragraph/ Annex
To approve
19/ Annex 3
WIP
20
Conclusion of the meeting The Meth Panel dealt with methodology and case-specific issues, including submissions of methodologies and standardized baselines received by the deadlines specified in the last report, and made recommendations to the Board, in line with the 2013 workplan of the Meth Panel. The Meth Panel adopted the report and concluded its 60th meeting. The report and annexes will be made available on the UNFCCC website.
Afforestation and Reforestation Working Group thirty-eighth meeting (AR/WG38) Date of meeting: 14 to 16 August 2013 Place of meeting: Bonn, Germany
Performance management The A/R WG considered a status report on the implementation of the A/R WG 2013 workplan and the recent updates as reported at the seventy-fourth meeting of the Executive Board of the clean development mechanism (hereinafter referred to as the Board). Consultation on issues related to standards/tools The A/R WG considered the issues related to the inclusion of A/R clean development mechanism (CDM) component project activities (CPAs) in A/R CDM programmes of activities (POAs) as presented by the secretariat and provided feedback to the secretariat in accordance with the request from the Board at EB 74. The A/R WG is of the view that the exceptions allowed for A/R project activities and PoAs should be maintained as indicated under paragraph 128(c) and footnote 18 of the CDM Project Standard, and also agreed to propose that the requirements for prior consideration of the CDM should be applied to A/R CPAs as is the case for normal A/R project activities. The feedback will be presented for the consideration of the Board at EB 75. Consideration of revision of methodological standards The relevant procedure "Development, revision and clarification of baseline and monitoring methodologies and methodological tools" (version 01.1) is available at: http://cdm.unfccc.int/Reference/Procedures/index.html#meth 23 92 ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه-24 ﺷﻤﺎره، ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم،ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ
The A/R WG noted that no external requests for revisions were submitted for consideration by the A/R WG. The A/R WG considered top-down-initiated revisions of approved methodologies (AM) and approved tools (AT) listed in table 2, taking into account desk reviews and public inputs received, where applicable. Consultation on issues related to guidelines The A/R WG considered the draft "Manual for development of A/R CDM project activities" as presented by the secretariat, and provided feedback to the secretariat in accordance with the mandate in the CDM MAP (Project 191 "Development and publication of A/R CDM Manual"). The A/R WG agreed that the manual was a step forward in the direction of making the A/R CDM methodologies more accessible to interested stakeholders. The A/R WG also suggested that after publication of the manual, it should be made available in French and Spanish. It was also agreed that the members of the A/R WG will provide additional inputs on the draft manual after the meeting since the time available for this was not adequate during the meeting. The A/R WG adopted the report and concluded its 38th meeting. The report and annexes will be made available on the UNFCCC website.
24 92 ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه-24 ﺷﻤﺎره، ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم،ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ
Report:
»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»» »»»»»» Solar bolt-on cuts gas use by 20% Source: TCE- PROCESS NEWS - may 2013 Reflected heat converts natural gas to energy-richer syngas A NEW system that adds concentrated solar power to existing gas-fired power plants promises to cut natural gas use by 20% while still generating the same amount of electricity. Researchers at the Pacific Northwest National laboratory (PNNL) in the US have developed a system that uses solar heat to convert natural gas into syngas – a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide that produces more energy when it’s combusted. The system uses a mirrored parabolic dish to direct sunlight onto a device measuring around 1 m long and 50 cm wide, containing a chemical reactor and several heat exchangers (pictured). The concentrated sunlight heats up the natural gas flowing through the reactor’s channels, which contain a catalyst to convert it into syngas, while the heat exchangers recycle heat left over from the reaction. Tests on an earlier prototype of the device showed that more than 60% of the solar energy that hit the system’s mirrored dish was converted into chemical energy contained in the syngas. Researchers say that the devices could be installed alongside existing natural gas power plants to create what they are calling hybrid solar-gas plants. They are now working to develop cheaper manufacturing techniques for the system in a bid to drive the cost of electricity production to no more than US$0.06/kWh by 2020, which they believe will make the system competitive with conventional gas-powered plants. “Our system will enable power plants to use less natural gas to produce the same amount of electricity they already make,” says PNNL engineer Bob Wegeng, who is leading the project. “At the same time, the system lowers a power plant’s greenhouse gas emissions at a cost that’s competitive with traditional fossil fuel power.” Meanwhile, the team says the system overcomes a key problem with existing solar setups in which plants cease operating when cloudy or at night. With PNNL’s system, the gas plant would simply bypass the solar unit and burn natural gas directly.
25 92 ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه-24 ﺷﻤﺎره، ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم،ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ
Waste heat improves CCS efficiency Source: TCE- PROCESS NEWS - may 2013 US say they have developed an efficient
Modification in amine regeneration points to cut in parasitic power loss SO-CALLED waste heat from power stations could be used to remove CO2 from amines and regenerate them, rather than using steam which could otherwise be used to drive turbines, according to new research from Rice University, US. Amine solutions are used to capture CO2 from flue gas in a similar technique used to remove CO2 from natural gas as it comes out of the ground. There is an important difference however, as it comes out of the ground at high pressure while flue gas does not – which, according to chemical and biomolecular engineering professor George Hirasaki, means that the process needs further engineering for use in power plants. Simulating the process to investigate modifications, the team found that some of the ‘waste’ steam which is at too low a pressure to drive turbines could be used in the reboiler which adds heat to the base of the amine regeneration column, replacing high pressure steam from the main system. This use of high-pressure steam to regenerate amines can use up to 35% of the electricity output of the power station. Hirasaki and his team estimate that using waste heat instead could reduce this socalled parasitic power loss by 10%. The team also found that it may be possible to better tailor the amine solutions, as different solutions work optimally at different conditions. Higher pressures for example, favour the use of diethanolamine (DEA) and diglycolamine (DGA) over monoethanolamine (MEA). The team says more research is needed. “There’s a great deal of optimisation that needs to take place,” says researcher Sumedh Warudkar. “The question is, ‘what is the optimal amine formula and the optimal reactor design and pressure for removing CO2 with low-value steam?’ There isn’t one correct answer. For example, we have developed a process in which the gas absorption and solvent heating occurs in a single vessel instead of two separate ones, as is currently practised. We think combining the processes might bring us some savings.” The team also plans to test novel CCS materials and look for ways to further reduce parasitic power loss. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.01.049 and DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.01.050. 26 92 ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه-24 ﺷﻤﺎره، ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم،ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ
US EPA announces strict emission standards for new power plants Source: Climate Connect News, 21 September 2013, London In a landmark announcement, the Environment Protection Agency (EPA) proposed strict emission standards for new power plants in the US. The proposed standards are part of the Climate Action Plan announced by President Barack Obama earlier this year. Noting that power plants are responsible for one-third of all greenhouse gas emissions in the the US, the EPA announced two sets of emission standards – for gas-based power plants and coal-fired power plants. For gas-based power plants, the EPA has announced two standards based on the size of the power plant. 1,100 lbs of CO2e per MWh (0.498 kg of CO2e per kWh) for gross energy output for power plants with natural gas consumption of less than or equal to 850 mmBtu/hour 1,000 lbs of CO2e per MWh (0.453 kg of CO2e per kWh) for gross energy output of the power plant with natural gas consumption over 850 mmBtu/hour. The EPA has also proposed two sets of standards for coal-based power plants; these standards would require only a partial carbon capture from the new power plants. 1,100 lbs of CO2e per MWh (0.498 kg of CO2e per kWh) for gross energy output over a 12-month period 1,000-1,050 lbs of CO2e per MWh (0.453-0.476 kg of CO2e per kWh) for gross energy output over a 7-year period. The proposed standards for new power plants are the first uniform national limits on the amount of carbon pollution that future power plants will be allowed to emit. The proposed standards are in line with investments in clean energy technologies that are already being made in the power sector. These emission standards are open for comment for the next 60 days. Several federal and state-level legislators have said that states must have the ultimate control over the emission standards of the power plants and have asked for flexibility in the EPA standards. Keywords: EPA, Power Plant Emission Standards, Climate Action Plan Author: Climate Connect Limited
27 92 ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه-24 ﺷﻤﺎره، ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم،ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ
Solar gets concentrated on a huge scale Source: TCE- PROCESS NEWS - April 2013 THE world’s largest concentrated solar power plant has begun operation in the west of Abu Dhabi. Covering an area of 2.5 km2 – equivalent to 285 football fields – the 100 MW Shams 1 power plant will provide enough energy to power 20,000 homes. The plant is expected to save 175,000 t/y of carbon emissions, the equivalent of taking 15,000 cars off the road, and will contribute to Abu Dhabi’s target of producing 7% of its energy from renewable sources by 2020. Shams 1 (named after the Arabic for “sun”) has 258,000 mirrors mounted on 768 parabolic trough collectors. As the Middle East’s abundant sunlight falls on the mirrors, it is focussed onto a network of oil-filled pipes that run across the fronts of the panels, heating the fluid to more than 300°C.
28 92 ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه-24 ﺷﻤﺎره، ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم،ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ
The mirrors track the sun during the day to maximise efficiency. At the central generating plant, the oil is heated still further to 500°C using a natural gas-powered booster heater. This heated oil is then used to generate steam, driving a turbine and producing electricity. The water must be continually recycled in the desert, and the Shams 1 plant uses giant fans to condense the steam. The mirrors must be washed on a nightly basis to remove the desert dust. The power plant has been developed by Shams Power Company, a joint venture between renewable energy company Masdar (with a 60% stake), Total (20%) and Abengoa Solar (20%). “The domestic production of renewable energy extends the life of our country’s valuable hydrocarbon resources and supports the growth of a promising new industry,” said president of the UAE, His Highness Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan. There are three other forms of concentrated solar power. The Dish Stirling consists of a satellite dish-shaped array of mirrors, which focuses heat onto a central liquid-filled receiver, and uses a Stirling engine to generate power. The linear Fresnel reflector uses flat mirrors to focus heat onto an absorber tube. A solar power tower consists of many tracking reflectors known as heliostats that focus sunlight onto a central tower containing tanks of water, which turn into steam. The ‘solar energy to electricity’ efficiency record of 31.25% was set by Dish Stirling systems at Sandia Laboratories’ National Solar Thermal Test Facility in the US in 2008.
29 92 ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه-24 ﺷﻤﺎره، ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم،ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ
Call for Papers Dear Prof./Dr/ Scientists/ Colleagues
I would like to invite you to submit your research papers for possible publication in the Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment (JREE). JREE publishes papers in the field of science and technology of renewable energies and environmental related issues including: generation, storage, conversion, distribution, management (economics, policies and planning) and environmental sustainability. JREE is a platform for researchers and scholars from all over the world to publish their research outcome. We invite submissions of original research papers, review articles, short communications and technical notes on any topic of renewable energies mentioned above. Papers should be both well-arranged and thoughtprovoking and offer substantial contributions to current research. The language of the journal is English. Papers published in JREE will receive high publicity among scientists. JREE accepts manuscripts submitted through journal online submission system. Our easy and fast submission method provides rapid processing of your submitted articles. Please visit our website for online submission: www.jree.ir
Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment-JREE jree@merc.ac.ir
30 92 ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮرﻣﺎه-24 ﺷﻤﺎره، ﺳﺎل ﭼﻬﺎرم،ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎك و ﺑﺎزار ﻛﺮﺑﻦ
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