Summer 2016 Classical Teacher

Saving Western civilization one student at a time

Summer 2016

Traditional vs.

Progressive Education Martin Cothran

The Well-Formed Person Cheryl Swope

the Freedom to Fail

David M. Wright

new

First Form Greek Simply Classical Level 2

Home of the CLASSICAL CORE CURRICULUM www.MemoriaPress.com

O

ver the last several years, I have planted a number of trees in my yard. I notice that when I plant a tree, it takes a year or two in order for its root system to become established. Only when this happens does it start growing in earnest.

A plant has to grow down before it can grow up.

Thinking and writing about education for many years—as well as having spent a great deal of time in the classroom—has taught me the same lesson about education: Only when our students intellectually grow down can they grow up.

This is the point that many modern progressive educators seem to miss. I often hear teachers and education reformers express disdain for the hard and repetitive work involved in learning the basic skills and factual content of traditional education.

They think that if a child doesn't immediately appreciate what he or she is learning, then something's wrong. That to spend all of that time in the early grades memorizing letter-sound correspondence in phonics or arithmetic operations in math is to take time away from the more enjoyable classroom work that helps children learn to love learning.

This is like saying that a tree would be better off if it simply concentrated its efforts on producing leaves and branches rather than on growing its root system.

That is impossible, of course. And it is why so much of modern education has been a failure. Modern education thinks it can grow smarter students by avoiding the more grueling basic work involved in learning to read competently, spell words correctly, hold their pencils properly, and master the basic content of the disciplines we think they should study later.

This is why projects and field trips and fun handson activities appear in modern classrooms like aphids

2

Letter from the Editor

on my apple trees—and with the same effect: they take energy away from the real work of growing.

In one of his essays, C. S. Lewis invokes the figure of a "grim old classical scholar" bemoaning the poor quality of papers from entering students. "[T]he trouble with these boys," he says, "is that the masters have been talking to them about the Parthenon when they should have been talking to them about the Optative." The Optative is the most difficult grammatical mood in the study of Greek grammar.

Lewis uses these two images—one of the greatest and most beautiful buildings of ancient times and the grammatical mood of a dead language—to contrast two kinds of learning: "The one begins with hard, dry things like grammar, and dates, and prosody; and it has at least the chance of ending in a real appreciation which is equally hard and firm though not equally dry.

The other begins in appreciation and ends in gush."

This latter kind of learning, he points out, "fails most disastrously when it most succeeds." It produces students who think they know, but don't. Students who know what they know (which may be very little), but don't know what they don't know (which may be a lot).

An education in the Parthenon seems to begin in what appears to be enjoyment, but ends in an inability to experience real joy because the students' faculties never develop properly. An education in the Optative seems to some people to begin in drudgery, but ends in the deep joy that is only possible through the preparation and hard work involved in developing the mind, the character, and the affections.

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Summer 2016 Featured artiCles

2 16 26 36 44 48 54 58 4 5 34 45

ameriCan / modern

32 33

letter from the editor by Martin Cothran how to teach latin by Cheryl Lowe The 3 Modes of Persuasion by Martin Cothran

Prima latina & supplements

Grades 1-4

latina Christiana & supplements

Grades 3-6

traditional vs. Progressive education by Martin Cothran

18 19 20 22

ClassiCal Core CurriCulum

23

elementary greek, greek alphabet Book, latin & greek supplements

special-needs Q&a with Cheryl Swope The Well-Formed Person by Cheryl Swope The Freedom to Fail by David M. Wright

Curriculum Packages & supplements

Preschool - Grade 9

read-aloud Programs Curriculum Map Yearly outlook

JK - Grade 6

24

Ages 2+

alphabet, numbers, & enrichment

Ages 4+

reading & Phonics

Ages 5+

Copybooks & Journals

Grades K-6

new american Cursive

Grades K-Adult

50 52

literature study guides

53

Classical Composition

intro to Composition, Poetry, ieW Writing, & english grammar

Grades 1-12 Grades 2+ Grades 4-12

ClassiCal/CHristian studies

64 66

First Form latin series & supplements

Grades 5-12

henle latin series, nle Prep guides First start French i & ii

Grades 8-12 Grades 5-8

First Form greek

Preschool - Grade 12

special-needs Curriculum Packages

D’aulaires’ greek Myths & Famous Men series Dorothy Mills histories

Grades 3-8 Grades 6+

Classical literature & supplements

Grades 6+

Christian studies i-iV, The story of Christianity, Grades 3-12 The Wars of the Jews, history of the early Church, acts of the apostles, & City of god

sCienCe & matH

56 57

Mammals, astronomy, insects

Grades 3+ Grades 5+

60

Birds, trees, tiner series, nature's Beautiful order, novare Chemistry & Physical science arithmetic, Pre-algebra, algebra

Grades K+

29 30

Grades 8-12

traditional logic i-ii & supplements

Grades 7-12

Classical rhetoric & supplements aristotle's Material logic

Grades 9-12 Grades 9-12

art & musiC

56

art Posters, art Cards, Creating art, exploring america's Musical heritage, Discovering Music

Grades K+

resourCes

15 31 67 68

Classical latin school association Memoria Press online academy Classical education resources 2016 teacher training Conference & sodalitas gathering

Visit memoria Press at: HeAv - richmond, Va ........................................................... June 9-11 great Homeschool Conventions - ontario, Ca ................. June 16-18 SCL - Fort Worth, tX ........................................................... June 16-18 ACCS - atlanta, ga ............................................................... June 22-25 memoria Press Teacher Training Conference & Sodalitas gathering - louisville, KY ...............................July 6-8 THSC - Woodlands, tX ..........................................................July 21-23 Southeast Homeschool expo - atlanta, ga ..........................July 28-30 Also come see us in the Rainbow Resource and Sacred Heart booths at several conventions this summer. Details here: memoriapress.com/ events/homeschool-convention-calendar

© Copyright 2016 (all rights reserved) Publisher | Cheryl Lowe Editor | Martin Cothran Assistant Editor | Dayna Grant

Grades 3+

logiC & rHetoriC

literature, grammar, & Writing

62

Grades 3+ Grades 3+

latin, greeK, & FrenCH

how to teach Phonics (and how not to) by Cheryl Lowe

PrimarY Years

40 41 42 43

american studies & Modern european history states & Capitals & geography i-iii

Managing Editor | Tanya Charlton Copy Editor | Jennifer Farrior Graphic Designer | Aileen Delgado

memoria Press www.MemoriaPress.com

online aCademY

www.MemoriaPressAcademy.com

What makes our program classical and Christian?

The Classical Core Curriculum teaches the traditional language and math skills of the liberal arts and familiarizes your student with the culture of the Christian West through the reading of classic history and literature. This latincentered program is the same classical Christian education that american schools used until about the 1920s.

is it easy to customize my Classical Core Curriculum package? of course! We make it easy for you to tailor our program so that your student can be at the right place in each subject, even if he or she is starting the program as an older student.

i'm switching from another program.

Can i expect a smooth transition?

Memoria Press' curriculum is comprehensive and easy to teach. switching to an easier-to-teach program is never hard.

Will this program help my student in today's world?

Classical education teaches students how to think and what to do. it is an education in wisdom and virtue. The mental and character training of classical education will better prepare your student for whatever he or she decides to do in life.

Classical Core Curriculum PresCHool

With simple daily lesson plans, answer keys, and teacher manuals, our program enables you to give your student a classical education. our programs have been specifically written with the home and private school teacher in mind, so you can teach any subject, even if you don't know it yourself.

How do i know my student is getting a quality, well-rounded education?

We emphasize the mastery of the basics of reading, writing, and arithmetic in the early grades as a necessary foundation for later, more advanced study. With this solid foundation, your student can then tackle grammar and higher arithmetic in the middle grades, and more advanced study in language, mathematics, science, history, and literature in high school as a preparation for college.

Classical Core Curriculum Jr. Kindergarten

$225 Full Set (all books + Curriculum Manual)

$140 Full Set (all books + Curriculum Manual)

$30 Curriculum Manual only

$45 Consumable Books set (for additional students) $30 Curriculum Manual only

• Preschool: Curriculum Manual • Prayers for Children • Jesus Is With Me • Jesus Hears Me • Jesus Knows Me • Big Red Barn • The Best Mouse Cookie • Little Fur Family • Bunny's Noisy Book • From Head to Toe • Goodnight Moon • Polar Bear, Polar Bear, What Do You Hear?

• Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See? • Numbers, Colors, Shapes

4

is it hard to teach the Classical Core Curriculum?

Classical Core Curriculum

• The Very Busy Spider • Good Night, Gorilla • The Tale of Peter Rabbit • Fuzzy Yellow Ducklings • My Very First Book of Shapes • ABC: Amazing Alphabet Book • Put Me in the Zoo • Hand, Hand, Fingers, Thumb • Cars and Trucks From A to Z • My First Counting Book • The Animals' Christmas Eve • Big Dog ... Little Dog • Mr. Brown Can Moo! Can You? • My First Real Mother Goose • 1 Is One

• Jr. Kindergarten Curriculum Manual • Counting With Numbers • Numbers & Colors • Prayers for Children • Alphabet Books 1 & 2 • Numbers Coloring Book • Alphabet Coloring Book • alphabet Flashcards

• Richard Scarry's Best Mother Goose Ever • Big Thoughts for Little People (Devotional) • Hailstones and Halibut Bones (Poetry) • The Book of Crafts: Jr. Kindergarten • Manuscript Wall Charts

Supplemental read-Aloud Program $340.00 a set of 34 classic picture books chosen for their beauty in prose and illustration. a great addition to any children's library, one book is read aloud and discussed each week in Jr. Kindergarten.

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Coordinates with Memoria Press Classical Core Curriculum packages or for use as a stand-alone enrichment program.

Classical Core Curriculum

Read-Aloud Programs Kindergarten Read-Aloud pictured below.

For a complete list of books in each set, go to MemoriaPress.com.

Jr. Kindergarten Read-Aloud $340 Kindergarten Read-Aloud $275 Kindergarten Science & Enrichment $325 First Grade Read-Aloud $290 First Grade Science & Enrichment $350 Second Grade Read-Aloud $290 Second Grade Science & Enrichment $350 Third Grade Read-Aloud Novels $150 Third Grade Read-Aloud Picture Books $300 Third Grade American/Modern $120 (p. 32) Fourth Grade Read-Aloud $120 Fourth Grade American/Modern $80 (p. 32) Fifth Grade Read-Aloud $100 Fifth Grade American/Modern $55 (p. 32) Sixth Grade Read-Aloud $50 Sixth Grade American/Modern $50 (p. 32)

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $90 Curriculum Manual Lesson Plans for One Year

Classical Core Curriculum

Kindergarten Phonics & Spelling First Start Reading set (p. 41); Classical Phonics (p. 41); Phonics Flashcards (p. 41); Christian Nature Liberty Reader, Book K; Scamp and Tramp; Soft and White; Fun in the Sun; Animal Alphabet Coloring Book; Primary Phonics Readers 1-4 sets (40 books total); Core Skills Phonics K & 1

RETAIL

509.36

$

PACKAGE PRICE

395

$

Christian The Story Bible

Enrichment

Math

Kindergarten Enrichment (p. 40); Kindergarten Art Cards (p. 56); Kindergarten Book of Crafts (p. 40); Animals, Animals; A Child's Book of Poems

Numbers Book set (p. 40); Rod & Staff Arithmetic 1 Student (part 1), Teacher, and Practice Sheets (p. 60); FlashKids Addition & Subtraction Flashcards

Penmanship Copybook I; Composition & Sketchbook I (p. 42)

neeD to CustoMiZe? go to MemoriaPress.com or call 1-877-862-1097.

1-877-862-1097

Classical Core Curriculum

5

Classical Core Curriculum

RETAIL

400.52

$

Grade 1

PACKAGE PRICE

315

$

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $105

Literature StoryTime Treasures set; More StoryTime Treasures set; Teacher Key (p. 50); Winter on the Farm, Christmas in the Big Woods, Little House Christmas Treasury

Phonics & Spelling

Penmanship

Primary Phonics Readers 5-6 sets (20 books total); Core Skills Phonics 2; Spelling Workout B set; Phonics Guide for Reading and Spelling, Grade 1

Copybook II; Composition & Sketchbook II; New American Cursive 1; Cursive Practice Sheets; Alphabet Wall Poster (pp. 42-43); Penmanship Tablet

Curriculum Manual Lesson Plans for One Year

Enrichment First Grade Enrichment (p. 40); First Grade Art Cards (p. 56)

Math Rod & Staff Arithmetic 1 Student (parts 1-2) and Speed Drills (p. 60)

New User Add-on Set $108 New to Memoria Press? You need these items from prior years.

Classical Phonics; Phonics Flashcards; A Child's Book of Poems; Animals, Animals; Story Bible; Rod & Staff Math 1 Teacher Manual and Practice Sheets; Flashkids Addition & Subtraction Flashcards

neeD to CustoMiZe? go to MemoriaPress.com or call 1-877-862-1097.

6

Classical Core Curriculum

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Classical Core Curriculum

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $145.00 Curriculum Manual

Grade 2

Latin

Science

Prima Latina complete set (p. 18)

Rod & Staff Patterns of Nature

Lesson Plans for One Year

American/ Modern

RETAIL

479.11

$

PACKAGE PRICE

Stories of Great Americans for Little Americans (p. 32)

Literature

Math

Second Grade Literature set (p. 50)

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 2 Student (Units 1-5), Teacher (Parts 1-2), Blacklines (p. 60)

Penmanship

Phonics & Spelling

New American Cursive 2 (p. 43); Copybook Cursive I (p. 42); Prima Latina Copybook (p. 18); Composition & Sketchbook II (p. 42); Penmanship Tablet

Phonics Guide for Reading and Spelling, Grade 2; Spelling Workout C; Core Skills Phonics 3

370

$

Enrichment Second Grade Enrichment (p. 40); Second Grade Art Cards (p. 56)

New User Add-on Set $78 New to Memoria Press? You need these items from prior years.

Classical Phonics; Phonics Flashcards; A Child's Book of Poems; Animals, Animals; The Story Bible; FlashKids Addition & Subtraction Flashcards

1-877-862-1097

Classical Core Curriculum

7

Classical Core Curriculum

RETAIL

811.26

$

Grade 3

PACKAGE PRICE

500

$

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $190

Latin

Science

Latina Christiana I set, LCI Review Worksheets set (p. 19); Ludere Latine I set (p. 18)

Mammals set (p. 56)

Curriculum Manual Lesson Plans for One Year

American/Modern

Writing

Penmanship

Math

States & Capitals set (p. 33); FlashKids States and Capitals Flashcards

All Things Fun & Fascinating (p. 52)

New American Cursive 3 (p. 43)

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 3 Student, Teacher, Supplemental Worksheets and Key, Blacklines, Speed Drills (p. 61); FlashKids Multiplication and Division Flashcards

Classical

Grammar

Spelling

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths set (p. 62); Timeline set (p. 65)

English Grammar Recitation and Workbook I set (p. 52)

Spelling Workout D set

Christian

Literature/Poetry

Christian Studies I set; The Golden Children's Bible; Memory Verse Flashcards; Old Testament Flashcards (p. 66)

Third Grade Literature set (p. 50); Poetry for the Grammar Stage set (p. 52); The Best Christmas Pageant Ever

New to Memoria Press? You need this item from Second Grade.

neeD to CustoMiZe?

Latina Christiana I Flashcards $14.95

go to MemoriaPress.com or call 1-877-862-1097.

8

Classical Core Curriculum

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Classical Core Curriculum

Grade 4

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $100.00 Curriculum Manual

458.70

$

PACKAGE PRICE

Spelling

Math

Spelling Workout E set

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 4 Student, Teacher (Parts 1-2), Tests, Speed Drills (p. 61), Speed Drill Packet

Lesson Plans for One Year

RETAIL

350

$

Literature Fourth Grade Literature set (p. 50); Papa Panov's Special Day; More About Paddington; The Christmas Story; Good King Wenceslas

Writing

Science

Penmanship

Classical Composition I: Fable Student, Teacher, DVDs (p. 53)

The Book of Astronomy set (p. 56)

Copybook Cursive II (p. 42)

Transitioning to the Classical Core Curriculum in Grade 4?

In our third grade package, students complete half of D'Aulaires' Greek Myths, Latina Christiana I, Christian Studies I, States & Capitals, and English Grammar Recitation I. The purchase of this package assumes that you have the books that are in our third grade package and have completed the first half of them.

If you are starting the Classical Core Curriculum in fourth grade, we have a discounted transitional package for you: $550 Grade 4 for New Users Visit www.MemoriaPress.com for a complete book list and more information.

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1-877-862-1097

Classical Core Curriculum

9

Classical Core Curriculum

RETAIL

697.01

$

Grade 5

PACKAGE PRICE

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $140

Latin

450

$

Curriculum Manual

First Form Latin complete set (p. 20); Lingua Angelica I set (p. 21)

Lesson Plans for One Year

Writing

Grammar

Math

Classical Composition II: Narrative Student, Teacher, DVDs (p. 53)

English Grammar Recitation Workbook II set (p. 52)

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 5 Student, Teacher (Parts 1-2), Tests, Speed Drills (p. 61)

American/Modern

Classical

Christian

Geography I set, including The United States Review set; Geography Flashcards (p. 33)

Famous Men of Rome set (p. 62)

Christian Studies II Student and Teacher (p. 66)

Spelling

Science

Literature

Spelling Workout F set

The Book of Insects set (p. 56)

Fifth Grade Literature set (p. 50)

New User Add-on Set $108 – New to Memoria Press? You need these items from prior years.

Timeline Program, Poetry for the Grammar Stage set, English Grammar Recitation, The Golden Children's Bible, Old Testament Flashcards, Memory Verse Flashcards

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10

Classical Core Curriculum

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Classical Core Curriculum

Grade 6

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $160.00 Curriculum Manual

Latin

American/Modern

Second Form Latin complete set (p. 20)

Geography II set, including Geography I Review set (p. 33)

Lesson Plans for One Year

Math Rod & Staff Arithmetic 6 Student, Teacher (Parts 1-2), Quizzes & Speed Drills, Tests (p. 61)

RETAIL

754.39

$

PACKAGE PRICE

490

$

Writing

Classical

Classical Composition III: Chreia/Maxim Student, Teacher, DVDs (p. 53)

Famous Men of the Middle Ages set (p. 63)

Grammar

Spelling

Science

English Grammar Recitation Workbook III set (p. 52)

Spelling Workout G set

What's That Bird? set (p. 57); Exploring the History of Medicine set (p. 57)

Literature

Christian

Sixth Grade Literature set (p. 50)

Christian Studies III Student and Teacher; New Testament Flashcards (p. 66)

New User Add-on Set $113 – New to Memoria Press? You need these items from prior years.

Timeline Program, Poetry for the Grammar Stage set, English Grammar Recitation, The Golden Children's Bible, Memory Verse Flashcards, Geography Flashcards

neeD to CustoMiZe? go to MemoriaPress.com or call 1-877-862-1097.

1-877-862-1097

Classical Core Curriculum

11

Classical Core Curriculum

RETAIL

890.01

$

Grade 7

PACKAGE PRICE

540

$

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $170

Latin

Writing

Third Form Latin complete set (p. 21)

Classical Composition IV: Refutation & Confirmation Student, Teacher, DVDs (p. 53)

Curriculum Manual Lesson Plans for One Year

Grammar

American/Modern

Classical

English Grammar Recitation Workbook IV set (p. 52)

The Story of the Thirteen Colonies & the Great Republic set; 200 Questions About American History set and Flashcards; Everything You Need to Know About American History Homework (p. 32); The Story of the World, Vol. 4 (p. 15)

Famous Men of Greece set (p. 62); Horatius at the Bridge (p. 64); The Greek Alphabet set (p. 23)

Spelling Spelling Workout H set

Math

Science

College of the Redwoods Pre-Algebra set (p. 61)

The Book of Trees set; Exploring the World of Biology set (p. 57)

Christian Christian Studies IV student and teacher (p. 66)

Literature Seventh Grade Literature set (p. 51)

New User Add-on Set $70 – New to Memoria Press? You need these items from prior years.

Timeline Program, Poetry for the Grammar Stage set, English Grammar Recitation

neeD to CustoMiZe? go to MemoriaPress.com or call 1-877-862-1097.

12

Classical Core Curriculum

www.MemoriaPress.com

Classical Core Curriculum

Grade 8

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $160.00 Curriculum Manual Lesson Plans for One Year

RETAIL

1,008.58

$

PACKAGE PRICE

Classical

Grammar

The Book of the Ancient Greeks set (p. 62); The Iliad set & DVDs (p. 64); The Odyssey set & DVDs (p. 64)

Rod & Staff English 8 set

615

$

Latin

Writing

Christian

Fourth Form Latin complete set (p. 21); Henle Latin I set (p. 22)

Classical Composition V: Common Topic Student, Teacher, DVDs (p. 53)

The Book of the Ancient World set (p. 62)

Math

Science

American/Modern

Prentice Hall Classics Algebra 1 set (p. 61)

Exploring Planet Earth set (p. 57)

Geography III set (p. 33); Classroom Atlas (p. 33)

Literature/Poetry

OPTIONAL

Eighth Grade Literature set (p. 51); Poetry & Short Stories: American Literature set (p. 52); Bard of Avon

First Form Greek (pp. 24-25)

(Not included in set price listed above.)

New to Memoria Press? You need this item from Fifth Grade.

Geography Flashcards $19.95

neeD to CustoMiZe? go to MemoriaPress.com or call 1-877-862-1097.

1-877-862-1097

Classical Core Curriculum

13

Classical Core Curriculum

RETAIL

1109.14

$

Grade 9

PACKAGE PRICE

825

$

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $170

Latin

Christian

Henle Latin II Lesson Plans, Quizzes & Tests, Text, and Key (p. 22); Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage (p. 23)

The Story of Christianity set (p. 66)

Curriculum Manual Lesson Plans for One Year

LOGIC

Writing

Science

Traditional Logic I & II complete sets (p. 29)

Classical Composition VI: Encomium, Invective, & Comparison Student & Teacher (p. 53)

Novare Physical Science Text and Resource CD (p. 57)

Classical

Math

American/Modern

The Book of the Ancient Romans set (p. 63); The Aeneid set and DVDs (p. 64)

Prentice Hall Classics Algebra II set (p. 61)

A Concise History of the American Republic, Year I Student and Teacher (p. 32)

Literature/Poetry Ninth Grade Literature set (p. 51); Poetry, Prose, & Drama: Book I set (p. 52); The Book of the Middle Ages text (p. 63)

neeD to CustoMiZe? go to MemoriaPress.com or call 1-877-862-1097.

14

Classical Core Curriculum

www.MemoriaPress.com

Don't forget to check out Memoria Press read-aloud Programs on page 5.

Classical Core Curriculum

suPPlements grades 1-8

Don't need an entire package?

The Story of the World by susan Wise Bauer

Lesson Plans by Subject $3.00 - $15.00 per subject Memoria Press' lesson plans by subject allow you to tailor the Classical Core Curriculum to your own needs. These plans retain our week-at-a-glance layout, which gives you the standard program for that grade for individual subjects.

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

Prima Latina Latina Christiana First Form Series Literature Famous Men Series First Start Reading New American Cursive / Copybooks Iliad & Odyssey Geography Math & Science AND MORE!

OR Shop entire list online: www.MemoriaPress.com

vOL. 1: Ancient Times

vOL. 3: Early Modern Times

$16.95 paperback $39.95 audiobook

$16.95 paperback $49.95 audiobook

(summer reading before 5th grade)

(summer reading before 7th grade)

vOL. 2: The Middle Ages

vOL. 4: The Modern Age

$16.95 paperback $44.95 audiobook

$16.95 paperback $54.95 audiobook

(summer reading before 6th grade)

(summer reading before 8th grade)

| |

|

|

susan Wise Bauer's Story of the World fits perfectly as an overview to the time periods students study in our Classical Core packages (pp. 9-12).

They make great supplemental summer reading!

grades K-2 Kindergarten $35.00 First grade $35.00 second grade $35.00

11"x17" Art Posters Coordinates with art Cards included in Classical Core Curriculum packages (pp. 5-7). For more information, see page 56.

Classical latin school association an association of schools imparting the culture of the Christian West to the next generation through Memoria Press’ Classical Core Curriculum. ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

Professional development services Marketing your school in your community increased online exposure for your school on- and off-site teacher training education and teacher resources school accreditation

www.Classicallatin.org (502) 855-4830 1-877-862-1097

Classical Core Curriculum

15

HoW to teaCH latin

by Cheryl Lowe

B

ecause of the education meltdown in the Latin teachers in the past had mastery knowledge, twentieth century, the art of teaching Latin— and they also had a long tradition of mastery and nearly everything else—has essentially been teaching. Not only did they know Latin, but they lost. As we work to restore the content of the classical knew how to teach it. They had techniques honed curriculum, we must also strive to resurrect the art of through centuries of experience, refined through teaching it. trial and error. I believe this forgotten art of teaching Latin, as it was taught in the second half of the Latin must be rediscovered and restored in order for twentieth century, was a two-year ordeal—grammar in the classical education movement to thrive and grow. the ninth grade and Caesar in the tenth. Few students Classical education will remain an elusive dream, who experienced this grueling regimen signed up to classical in name only, until we as teachers are able to spend a third year with Cicero. Having been develop Latin programs that are as successful required to learn in one year what previous as those of the past. generations had learned in four, most In his The Teaching of Latin and WhaT To do students have less than pleasant Greek, published in 1911 and long out 1. Memorize the whole memories of Latin. But that is our of print, Charles Bennett outlined Latin grammar. way in the twentieth century; we are the scope, sequence, and methods in a hurry to cover "everything" and of Latin instruction. I believe his 2. Recite the Latin we are addicted to superficial work. principles are absolutely sound grammar orally.

So the student pays the price: he and have found them to be true 3. drill individual grammar must cover the text, receive a grade, from my own teaching experience. forms for immediate recall. and earn a credit. But has he learned And further confirmation is that anything? Has he been motivated 4. overlearn ... until it’s they are completely consistent with second nature. and inspired to continue his study or the trivium stages of learning. Dr. has he developed a dislike for the subject?

Bennett wrote his book at a time when The grade and the credit mean nothing. It is the traditional methods of Latin instruction the answers to the last two questions that really matter. were being abandoned for more "progressive" As Latin teachers, we need standards to judge methods. By explaining the failures of the newer ourselves by; and when we look to the past, it is a textbooks of his own age, he sheds much light on sobering lesson indeed to see the achievements of what we need to do in ours. former ages: In the 1800s, fluent readers of Latin were Around the turn of the century when Dr. regularly admitted to Oxford at the age of sixteen.

Bennett wrote his book, progressive educators Even more startling are the meager instructional were abandoning the traditional pedagogy of Latin materials available to teachers at that time—eight instruction (focus on memorizing the Latin grammar ounce grammars with very little in the way of first and postpone syntax and translation). Thinking translation exercises. How did they teach Latin with that memorizing conjugations and declensions was such skimpy little books? too boring for the student, newer textbooks began to

16

How to Teach Latin

www.MemoriaPress.com

This forgotten art of teaching Latin must be rediscovered and restored in order for the classical education movement to thrive and grow.

teach grammar, syntax, and translation together, fragmenting and breaking up Beginning Latin programs on pp. 18-20 the unity of mastering grammar forms.

Dr. Bennett observed that no one could deny that the newer textbooks produced students with a greatly diminished mastery of grammar forms and who of a classical education. If your child is beginning were less prepared to read and translate Latin. He Latin in high school or even college, rejoice continued in his book with his recommendations and be glad. He is still way ahead of the for returning to the traditional methods of game. Young people can still expect Latin instruction that had served Latin What not to achieve Latin mastery and a lifeteachers for centuries. to do enriching classical education.

When Dr. Bennett wrote his book, 1. Don’t waste time But remember, Latin grammar students began their Latin study memorizing long lists of cannot be learned in one year. around the age of ten or eleven. In vocabulary words. Learn If you are a novice teacher, give previous centuries, students had words slowly, permanently, your students plenty of time to begun a year or two younger. and in the context of master the subject. Better for While the age is not critical, I something meaningful. him to take four years to learn do think beginning Latin in the 2. Don’t advance too quickly.

Latin grammar and finish with second or third grade is best.

Postpone translation and a desire to continue in college, Students who are reading well syntax until the logic stage than to “cover” a high school at this age need a new challenge, (grades 6-8) or until grammar text like Henle I and II in the and the Latin grammar gives forms are mastered. prescribed two years, and then them some good meat to chew on; 3. Don’t let inexperience or vow never to crack a Latin book it gives discipline to the student unfamiliarity intimidate again. The goal is lifelong learning, and structure, form, purpose, you from learning Latin. not lifelong avoidance, and the and goals to the whole elementary measure of our teaching is just that. The curriculum. Beginning Latin at a young question we must ask is: Are we leading age gives students ample time to master our students to love what we love or to dread it? grammar in the grammar stage, syntax in the Dr. Bennett's principles are consistent with the logic stage, and thus come to the rhetoric stage in trivium and give us the tools we need to begin the the ninth and tenth grades fully prepared to tackle process of restoring the art of teaching Latin. Grammar the great Latin classics of Caesar, Cicero, and Virgil. forms in the grammar stage, syntax in the logic stage, But what about those who begin later? No problem. and translation in the rhetoric stage. Observing these Many of us in the classical education movement did principles, we can achieve the goal of restoring Latin to not begin Latin until we began homeschooling, and its rightful place in the classical curriculum. we have still managed to achieve the rudiments

1-877-862-1097

How to Teach Latin

17

Which Latin program is right for your student? (see p. 22)

Prima Latina

An introduction to Christian Latin by leigh lowe grades 1-4 are you looking for a gentle introduction to latin and a course that prepares your young student for a more advanced study of the language? Prima Latina is specifically designed for students and teachers with no latin background.

This course was developed for children in 1st-4th grades who are still becoming familiar with english grammar and wish to learn latin at a slower pace and learn english grammar in the process. its goal is to teach and reinforce an understanding of the basic parts of speech while introducing latin. it benefits the student by teaching him half of the vocabulary in Latina Christiana I and grounding him in the fundamental concepts of english grammar, the key to latin study.

Prima latina $90.90 complete set (student, teacher, CD, DVDs, flashcards)

$34.95 basic set (student, teacher, CD)

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student $15.00 teacher $15.00 CD $8.95 DVDs $45.00 Flashcards $14.95

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Student Book • 25 lessons + 5 review lessons • latin vocabulary words with corresponding english derivatives • latin prayers • grammar skills appropriate for primary grades • Consistent review

Teacher manual • student book w/ answers keyed • tests

The grammar lessons are set forth in a form appropriate for primary grades. The review lessons that follow each unit provide the consistent review needed to master latin. With clear explanations and easy-to-read lessons in a two-color format, Prima Latina is perfect for those teachers and parents who would like to start their students on an early study of Christian latin.

Prima Latina is also the perfect preparation for Latina Christiana.

"Prima latina is particularly well suited to Latin-fearful parents. The simple layout of the lessons allows for easy implementation with little to no preparation, and the material is at a level that any willing parent can easily learn." —Martha robinson, homeschoolchristian.com "Order Leigh Lowe’s Prima latina, along with the accompanying teacher’s guide and supplementary CD." —susan Wise Bauer & Jessie Wise

Pronunciation CD • Complete verbal pronunciation • Four Lingua Angelica songs

DvDs • 3 discs, 9 hours (15-20 min./lesson) • Comprehensive teaching by leigh lowe • recitation & review, vocabulary practice, and explanation of derivatives • on-screen notes, diagrams, & examples • self-instructive format

Flashcards • Vocabulary with derivatives • latin sayings • Conjugations & Declensions

"If you are beginning Latin and have no Latin background, this is the curriculum for you."

—Julie a., www.homeschoolreviews.com "We are into our fifth week of Prima latina and loving every minute of it. My young daughters like feeling that they are getting smarter than their peers."

—alice helmuth Christopher View samples online: www.MemoriaPress.com

supplements grades 1-4

For all ages!

grades 3+

(Full program on p. 21)

$14.95

ludere latine i $12.00 ludere i answer Key $4.95

song Book $9.95 Music CD $11.95

Prima Latina Copybook

Lingua Angelica

Ludere Latine

help your children practice their latin while developing their penmanship skills.

latin prayers and hymns, beautifully sung by a six-voice gregorian chant choir.

enrichment activities to help students master Latina Christiana vocabulary & grammar.

new american Cursive font

18

Latin

Latin Songs & Prayers

for Latina Christiana I

www.MemoriaPress.com

Move straight to First Form Latin after Latina Christiana I (see p. 20).

Revised Fourth Edition!

Latina Christiana introduction to Christian Latin

by Cheryl lowe grades 3-6

Latina Christiana I is, quite simply, the best grammar-based latin course available for beginning students. Cheryl lowe’s clear explanations, easy instructions, and step-by-step approach have led thousands of teachers and students to declare, “i love latin!”

latina Christiana i $98.90 complete set (student, teacher, CD, DVDs, flashcards)

$41.95 basic set (student, teacher, CD)

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student $16.00 teacher $20.00 CD $8.95 DVDs $55.00 Flashcards $14.95

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Online Class (p. 31) Student Book • 25 lessons + 5 review lessons • 10 vocabulary words per lesson w/ corresponding english derivatives • latin sayings, songs, and prayers

each lesson consists of a grammar form, ten vocabulary words, and english derivatives to help build vocabulary and a latin saying that teaches students about their Christian and classical heritage. Five review lessons help ensure that your student has mastered the material. exercises reinforce memory work and teach grammar in incremental steps through simple translation. grammar coverage includes 1st-2nd declension nouns, 1st-2nd conjugation verbs, 1st-2nd declension adjectives, the irregular verb to be, and 1st-2nd person pronouns.

The Teacher Manual includes a complete copy of the student book with overlaid answers and provides detailed weekly lesson plans, comprehensive teaching instructions, tests, weekly quizzes, and keys. The thirty lessons can be completed in a year for young students or in less time for older students.

"I have taught my own children using your lC books and henle, and yours is the best curriculum available." —V.B., latin teacher "My daughter said, 'Mom, this is the first one that makes sense and explains things so you can understand what's going on.'" —D.s., parent

Pronunciation CD • Complete verbal pronunciation • latin prayers & songs

Teacher manual • student book w/ answers keyed • Weekly lesson plans • tests, quizzes, & keys • Comprehensive teaching instructions

Flashcards • Vocabulary with derivatives • latin sayings • Conjugations & Declensions

DvDs • 3 discs, 5.5 hrs. (avg. 15 min./lesson) • Comprehensive teaching by leigh lowe • recitation & review, vocabulary practice, and explanation of derivatives • on-screen notes, diagrams, & examples • self-instructive format

View samples online: www.MemoriaPress.com

33’’ x 17”

Worksheets $9.95 answer Key $5.00

(6 charts total)

$20.00

Latina Christiana I Review Worksheets

Contains 1-2 cumulative review pages for each LCI lesson to promote mastery.

1-877-862-1097

grades 3+ CD & DVD $14.95

Grammar Wall Charts

Latin Recitation CD/DVD

grammar forms on large charts help students see the organization of the latin grammar at a quick glance.

This CD/DVD combination includes a recitation of the entire latin grammar. The DVD has visual charts with the grammar as Cheryl lowe pronounces it.

for Latina Christiana I

Latin

19

"This is the best-structured course on any subject I have ever seen." andrew Pudewa, institute for excellence in Writing

First Form latin

second Form latin

Latin Grammar Year One

Latin Grammar Year Two

$125 complete set (all 5 books, CD, DVDs, flashcards) $65 basic set (all 5 books + CD)

$125 complete set (all 5 books, CD, DVDs, flashcards) $65 basic set (all 5 books + CD)

by Cheryl lowe grades 5+ (or any age if completed Latina Christiana I)

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text $13.50 Workbook $15.00 teacher Manual $12.00 teacher Key $14.95 Quizzes & tests $5.00 CD $8.95 DVDs $55.00 Flashcards $14.95

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by Cheryl lowe grades 6+

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Online Class (p. 31)

Online Class (p. 31)

• • • • •

• • • • • • • • •

5 noun declensions 1st-2nd declension adjectives 1st-2nd conjugations in 6 tenses (active voice) Sum in 6 tenses syntax: nominative and accusative cases; complementary infinitive; subject-verb agreement; noun-adjective agreement; predicate nouns and adjectives

First Form's grammar-based approach is perfect for the grammar stage student. it is also the best approach for any age because every student is in the grammar stage when he begins a subject.

The syntax knowledge required in translationbased programs is a logic or rhetoric stage skill, which can easily overwhelm a beginning student unless he has first learned the grammar at a slow and gentle pace and is taught for mastery. Based on 20 years of teaching experience, the Forms series, beginning with First Form, has been used sucessfully by countless home and private schools because it helps the student make sense of what many consider a difficult subject.

First Form is the ideal text for all beginners, grades 5 and up, or is a great follow-up to Latina Christiana I.

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text $13.50 Workbook $15.00 teacher Manual $12.00 teacher Key $14.95 Quizzes & tests $5.00 CD $8.95 DVDs $55.00 Flashcards $14.95

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2nd declension -er -ir nouns and adjectives 3rd declension i-stem nouns 3rd declension adjectives of one termination 1st and 2nd person pronouns and possessive pronoun adjectives Prepositions with ablative and accusative adverbs and questions 3rd, 3rd -io, and 4th conjugations in 6 tenses (active voice) Present system passive of 1st-4th conjugations and -io verbs syntax: genitive of possession; dative of indirect object; ablative of means and agent

Student Text • 34 two-page lessons on facing pages • small, concise, unintimidating text in an attractive two-color format • systematic presentation of grammar in five logical units • appendices with english grammar, prayers, conversational latin, vocab. index, & more!

Student Workbook • 4-6 pages of exercises for each lesson • exercises for practice and mastery • grammar catechism for daily rapid-fire review

Teacher manuals • Key to workbook & quizzes/tests • Copy of student book inset with comprehensive teaching instructions • recitation schedule • Chalk talk scripted lessons • FYi notes for teachers with limited background

Quizzes & Tests • reproducible weekly quizzes & unit tests

Pronunciation CD • includes the pronunciation of all vocabulary, sayings, and grammar forms for each lesson

DvDs • 3 discs, 9 hours (15-20 min./lesson) • superb explanations • on-screen notes, illustrations, & diagrams • recitations, latin parties, & more!

Flashcards • Vocabulary with derivatives • latin sayings • Conjugations • Declensions

View samples online: www.MemoriaPress.com

20

Latin

www.MemoriaPress.com

Third Form Latin

Fourth Form Latin

Latin Grammar Year Three

Latin Grammar Year Four

$125 complete set (all 5 books, CD, DVDs, flashcards) $65 basic set (all 5 books + CD)

$150 complete set (all 5 books, CD, DVDs, flashcards + Henle I text, key, & grammar) $90 basic set (all 5 books, CD + Henle I text, key, & grammar)

by Cheryl Lowe Grades 7+

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by Cheryl Lowe & Michael Simpson Grades 8+

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Text $13.50 Workbook $15.00 Teacher Manual $12.00 Teacher Key $14.95 Quizzes & Tests $5.00 CD $8.95 DVDs $55.00 Flashcards $14.95

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Text $13.50 Workbook $15.00 Teacher Manual $12.00 Teacher Key $14.95 Quizzes & Tests $5.00 CD $8.95 DVDs $55.00 Flashcards $14.95

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Online Class (p. 31)

Online Class (p. 31)

• • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • •

Perfect system passive of 1st-4th conjugations and -io verbs 4th declension neuter nouns 3rd declension adjectives of one and three terminations Imperative mood, vocative case Nine irregular adjectives Regular and irregular comparison of adjectives and adverbs Pronouns: 3rd person, demonstrative, intensive, reflexive Active and passive subjunctive of 1st-4th conjugations and -io verbs Syntax: apposition; adjectives used as nouns; objective and partitive genitive; subjunctive in purpose clauses; exhortations; deliberative questions

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Participles, infinitives, gerunds, and gerundives Deponent verbs Irregular verbs, including eo, fero, and volo Plural nouns Locative case Pronouns: relative and interrogative Syntax: double accusative; relative clauses; sequence of tenses and indirect questions; impersonal verbs; indirect statements (accusative with infinitive construction); gerundive of obligation

Fourth Form sets without Henle I:

$125 complete set (all 5 books, CD, DVDs, flashcards) $65 basic set (all 5 books + CD) "This is a wonderful course and a FAVORITE under this apple tree! Very well constructed and organized. You need no previous Latin instruction to teach this course. How great is that?" —Richelle, Under the Apple Tree

*Henle Latin is required for Fourth Form.

Supplements Wall Charts (33" x 17")

Student $11.95 ea.

Teacher $16.95 ea.

Song Book* $9.95 Music CD* $11.95

First Form (4 charts) $20.00 Second Form (3 charts) $20.00

*Used for both LA I and II

First & Second Form $12.95

Desk Charts (8.5" x 11")

Lingua Angelica I & II

Latin Songs & Prayers (Translation Course) by Cheryl Lowe

$39.95 set (Lingua Angelica I or II student & teacher, Song Book, & CD) Lingua Angelica covers 28 beautiful hymns sung by a six-voice Gregorian chant choir. Because hymns have shorter, simpler sentences and clearer word structure than most Latin literature, the Christian Latin in this course is ideal when beginning Latin translation. The workbooks provide vocabulary work, space for interlinear translation, and grammar word study exercises.

1-877-862-1097

Latin Grammar Charts Seeing grammar forms organized on charts is a great visual aid for Latin grammar students. They are also a great aid for teachers during Latin recitations. Our grammar charts are available in a large and small easy-to-read format that help students see the organization of the Latin grammar at a quick glance.

Latin

21

latin grades 8+

Henle Latin I

Advanced Christian Latin by robert henle

henle latin i text $16.95 henle latin i Key $5.00 *henle grammar $9.50 units 1-2 study guide $14.95 units 1-2 test/Quiz Package $9.95 units 3-5 study guide $14.95 units 3-5 test/Quiz Package $9.95 units 6-14 study guide $14.95 units 6-14 test/Quiz Package $9.95

an ideal latin sequence Primary Grammar Prep Grades 2+ Grades 3+

Grades 4+ Grades 5+

our student guides will tell the student what to do at every step of the way. each is broken down into 30 weekly lessons with daily student activities. Detailed, thorough, and well-organized, with check-off boxes for completed work, these guides will ease your transition into Henle.

Grades 6+

note: Though Henle is considered a Catholic text, its superiority as a teaching resource and the outstanding benefits of its Christian perspective also make it appropriate for Protestants.

*Latina Christiana I

p. 19

(Beginning program for grades 3-6)

Grammar Stage

in the First Year text, a limited vocabulary of 500 words allows students to master grammar without being overwhelmed with large vocabulary lists. repetitious latin phrases and copious exercises produce mastery rather than frustration.

Supplements: The Book of Roots, Roots of English, Lingua Angelica, and Lingua Biblica

p. 18

Memorize the Latin grammar

*used all 4 years

$28.45 set (text, grammar, & key) $65.00 set (text, grammar, key, Units 1-2 & 3-5 Test/Quiz Packages, Units 1-2 & 3-5 Study Guides)

*Prima Latina (Beginning program for grades 1-4)

*First Form Latin

p. 20

(Beginning program for grades 5-12)

Second Form Latin

p. 20

Logic Stage How to use the grammar - syntax & translation skills

Grades 7+ Grades 8+

Third Form Latin

p. 21

Fourth Form Latin/Henle I (syntax & Caesar prep)

Henle II (Caesar prep)

pp. 21-22

p. 22

or *Henle Latin I for those beginning Latin in grades 8+

Rhetoric Stage Read Latin literature

grades 9+ text $15.95 Key $5.00 lesson Plans $14.95 Quizzes & tests $9.95

Henle Latin III-IV:

Henle Latin II

Advanced Christian Latin by robert henle

$17.95 set (Henle II text & key) These detailed lesson plans will guide you through the advanced grammar and syntax lessons in Henle II. We recommend completing this year of translation practice before attempting to read Caesar.

$17.95 set (Henle III text & key) henle latin iii text $15.95 henle latin iii Key $5.00

22

Latin & French

Grades 10+

Henle III

Grades 11+

Ovid

Grades 12+

AP Caesar and Virgil

(Caesar)

p. 22

(Cicero)

p. 22

French grades 5-8

henle latin iV text $15.95 henle latin iV Key $5.00

by Cheryl lowe

introduction $9.95 level i $14.95 level ii $19.95

Henle II

$17.95 set (Henle IV text & key)

Memoria Press Guides to the National Latin Exam

grades 5+

Grades 9+

The national latin exam provides an opportunity for students to compare their latin knowledge with students across the nation. nearly 150,000 students take this exam annually. our Guides to the National Latin Exam include the vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, as well as the roman culture, history, mythology, and geography commonly found on these exams. These guides, paired with previous exams you can download from the nle website, make a great preparation for student success.

student $17.50 ea. teacher $17.50 ea.

CD $8.95 ea.

First Start French I-II

introduction to the French Language

by Danielle schultz

$43.95 set

(French I or French II student, teacher, CD)

Modeled after the Latina Christiana format, each of the lessons covers 10-15 vocabulary words, a French saying or proverb, a grammar form, and a short dialogue in French. Your students will practice conversation, reading and translation, and are introduced to French culture.

The Teacher Manual helps keep you ahead of your student, while quizzes and answer keys make it easy to check progress.

www.MemoriaPress.com

greek grades 3+

grades 4+

student $15.00 Key $10.00

Year i text $13.50 Year i Workbook $15.00 Year i tests $5.00 Year i teacher Key $14.95

Greek Alphabet Book

Elementary Greek Program

by Cheryl lowe

by Christine gatchell

The greek alphabet is different enough from our own to be a major impediment to the study of greek. our Greek Alphabet Book is a tour of the greek letters, their formation, and sounds. a page is devoted to each letter and includes a letter diagram with arrows showing proper formation, printing lines showing placement of letters above and below the lines, letters to trace and copy, interesting facts and hints, and questions.

$65.00 Year i set (text, workbook, CD, flashcards, tests, teacher key) $65.00 Year ii set (text, workbook, CD, flashcards, tests, teacher key) $50.00 Year iii set (text, workbook, CD, flashcards)

Year ii text $13.50 Year ii Workbook $15.00 Year ii tests $5.00 Year ii teacher Key $14.95 Year iii text $18.95 Year iii Workbook $12.95

Choose from Finally, a greek text that’s both simple and substantial! Designed to be used as Years I, II, or III: a full course for teaching children as young as fourth grade, Elementary Greek audio CD $8.95 ea. may also serve as a self-teaching program for teens and adults. no previous Flashcards $12.95 per set knowledge is necessary. Thirty weeks of daily lessons ensure a complete school year of brief, incremental lessons. Year one of this course introduces the greek alphabet, basic vocabulary, grammar, and translation. The accompanying workbook is a vital resource that provides practice and application for each step of the way. an audio companion CD is available to aid in pronunciation of individual letters, words, grammar paradigms, and passages. The set also includes flashcards that cover every vocabulary word used in the text.

latin & greek supplements grades 4+

all ages

grades 6-8

$14.95

$14.95

$19.95

Latin Cursive Copybook

Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage

Hymns & Prayers

handwriting practice and latin practice are combined in this copybook. While improving handwriting, students memorize latin sayings and beautiful hymns from Latina Christiana and First Form Latin.

The Book of Roots

by Cheryl lowe

This compendium of grammar forms and syntax is a systematic, concise, and easily accessible reference. it includes all conjugations and declensions, plus a very basic introduction to latin syntax.

grades 8+

grades 9+

student $24.95 Key $1.95

student $19.95 teacher $19.95

Advanced vocabulary Building From Latin roots More advanced than Roots of English, this book offers a comprehensive listing of derivatives for Latina Christiana I, along with latin definitions, english derivatives, and etymology.

1-877-862-1097

Roots of English

Lingua Biblica:

Old Testament Stories in Latin

by Martin Cothran

$39.90 set (student & teacher) This translation program based on the Vulgate Bible is a great companion to the Henle series.

Latin and greek roots for Beginners Roots of English presents careful analysis of latin and greek word elements. students learn not only the modern meanings of the words, but also their underlying, ancient meanings. This course corresponds to the Latina Christiana I latin vocabulary set.

Wall Charts (22'' x 34") (2 charts) $12.95 Desk Charts (8.5" x 11") (2 charts) $8.95

Greek Alphabet Charts This set of two charts makes a great visual aid for the teacher, classroom, and home. one chart has the upper- and lowercase letters of the greek alphabet with their names in english and greek. The second chart lists diphthongs, accent marks, pronunciation helps, and syllable names.

Latin & Greek

23

"I cannot tell you how amazing this program looks! My oldest son and I are currently in Second Form Latin and I can already see that what we've learned through MP and the Forms Latin series is going to make Greek a treat." - Jessica P.

First Form Greek Introduction to Ancient Greek

by Cheryl Lowe & Michael Simpson Based on the revolutionary First Form Latin series, First Form Greek is written for parents and teachers with or without a Greek background.

Its goal is to present the grammar so logically and so systematically that anyone can learn it. At the same time, we have adapted the Latin Forms series to account for the differences between Greek and Latin, such as the new alphabet, overlapping sounds, more variation within paradigms, and less regularity. First Form Greek overcomes these challenges with the addition of weekly vocabulary reviews, more frequent recitation, and an “expanded” dictionary entry for Greek verbs.

✓✓Six indicative active tenses of the omega verb ✓✓Present tense of the to be verb ✓✓Two noun declensions ✓✓First & second declension adjectives ✓✓Personal & demonstrative pronouns ✓✓Approximately 130 vocabulary words

Arriving Summer 2016—Pre-order today!

Teacher Manual

$125 complete set (all 5 books, CD, DVDs, flashcards) $65 basic set (all 5 books + CD)

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Text $13.50 Workbook $15.00 Teacher Manual $12.00 Teacher Key $14.95 Quizzes & Tests $5.00 CD $8.95 DVDs $55.00 Flashcards $14.95

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Recommended Prerequisites: At least two years of Latin grammar and the Greek Alphabet Book. However, students who are new to Greek may spend additional time in Lesson 1 and learn the Greek alphabet that way.

Student Text • 31 lessons on uncluttered pages • Small, concise, unintimidating text in an attractive two-color format • Systematic presentation of grammar in five logical units • Greek cultural and historical information, including pictures • Appendices with prayers, conversational Greek, grammar forms, vocabulary index, and more

Student Workbook • Approximately 6 pages of exercises for each lesson • Logical progression of work spread over 4 days • 2-page weekly reviews (Lesson 4 ff.) of vocabulary, and later, grammar • Blank drill forms for additional practice

24

First Form Greek

• Inset student text, oral drills, weekly recitation, daily schedule, and additional notes • References to similar linguistic features in (the more regular) Latin • Optional parsing and analysis of Greek sayings • Extensive introduction with teaching notes and guidelines • Separate Teacher Key with answers to workbook and quizzes/tests

Quizzes & Tests • Weekly quizzes and unit tests • Grading rubric • Reproducible

Pronunciation CD • Includes the pronunciation of all the vocabulary, sayings, and grammar forms for each lesson

DVDs • 5 discs, 8 hours (10-20 min./lesson), including all oral drills • Superb explanations by master Highlands Latin School teacher Elizabeth Pierce • Helpful on-screen notes, illustrations, and diagrams

Flashcards • Vocabulary with derivatives • Greek sayings • Conjugations & Declensions

www.MemoriaPress.com

Simple, concise lessons!

Daily systematic exercises with a logical progression!

DAY tWo I. coNjuGatIoNS 1. Give the Greek and stem.

I loose (loosen), destroy

Lexical Form

stem

λύω

λύ-

I hear I see I write I wish, will, desire I say, speak, tell 2. Write the present tense endings twice and say aloud. singular

Plural

singular

Plural

3. Write the stem in every space before adding present tense endings and leave spaces between stem and endings. Say each conjugation aloud as you write it and several times after you write it. singular

Plural

meanings - Progressive Present

Plural

meanings - simple Present

λύ ω

singular

γράφ ω

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1-877-862-1097

Lesson 2: the omega Verb - Present tense

First Form Greek

25

tHe

3

modes oF

Persuasion

by Martin Cothran

How Aristotle can help you become President The United States is in the midst of a presidential election. Like all such elections, it involves two, sometimes three, major candidates, each of whom tries to persuade the voters to vote for him or her.

Some candidates do this well and others don't. But they could all do it better if they knew Aristotle's principles of rhetoric.

Classical rhetoric is about persuading people. In this sense, an election is a rhetorical situation.

In his book Rhetoric, Aristotle devised a whole lexicon of persuasive principles. He spoke of the three modes of persuasion: ethos, logos, and pathos. These are the three ways in which we are persuaded.

The first way we are persuaded by a speaker (or candidate) is by his character, his ethos. We believe him because he convinces us that he is good, trustworthy, or credible in some way. This appeals to our wills. We believe in the man.

The second way we are persuaded is when we accept the rational appeal of the speaker, his logos. His arguments are rational and his evidence convincing. This is an appeal to our intellects. We believe his logic.

The third way we are persuaded is when we desire to believe the speaker. We are drawn by his pathos. He excites our passions. We believe in him because we want to believe in him. This is an appeal to our hearts, to our emotions.

One of the biggest mistakes in politics is to assume that mere arguments, mere evidence, mere information will cause voters to vote a certain way. If all that each

26

The 3 Modes of Persuasion

voter possessed was an intellect, this might be true. But the human soul is not this simple. We are equipped, not only with an intellect, but with a will and a heart.

This is something that modern advertisers know well. In the old days, before advertisers learned about human psychology, television and magazine ads featured explicitly rational appeals to evidence that their products were better. They thought we would buy something if we were convinced that four out of five experts recommended it. And because people do not respond best to rational appeals, one of the most common mistakes made in politics is to stress facts, statistics, and abstract argumentation and ignore personal character and emotion—to emphasize logos over ethos and pathos.

This was evident in the 2012 presidential election.

While Mitt Romney emphasized abstract economic issues (complete with facts and statistics), Barack Obama appeared at halftime during the NCAA national championship basketball game talking about how he liked to play hoops with his staff. Romney, a wealthy businessman who relaxed by sailing a yacht, was all logos, while Obama, who came off as a normal, likeable person, emphasized ethos and pathos. Obama won.

But in the end, even ethos, the personal character of the person, is no match for pathos.

Advertisers still hire famous people to hock their products. The association in the mind of a potential buyer of a celebrity endorsement can be taken to the bank, which is why Nike hired Michael Jordan, H&M struck a deal with David Beckham, and Chanel #5

www.MemoriaPress.com

He spoke of t he t h ree modes of persuasion: e th os, logos, a nd path os.

T hese a re t he t h ree ways i n wh ich we a re persuaded.

hired actress Nicole Kidman. It all had to do with what these people could do well (play basketball for Jordan, play soccer for Beckham, Logic & Rhetoric and act for Kidman). This is ethos-based advertising. programs on pp. 29-30 Advertising can also be helped by the celebrity's moral character, which is why a scandal can end a sponsorship deal faster than Michael Jordan can dunk a basketball.

But advertising is moving more and more toward able to put even his political enemies (like the then implicit messages that show potential customers how Democratic Speaker of the House Tip O'Niell) at they will appear or what they will be like or how they ease with his friendly and affable manner. But he will feel if they buy that new dress or drive that new also had an uncanny ability to appeal to the hearts car. Many of these commercials contain no explicit of his listeners, whether it was through jokes (by rationale or even appeal to buy, but simply show a one account he had memorized over a thousand very happy—or beautiful or stylish—person (who, it is of them), or through simple stories he told about implied, could be you) using the product. people he had met or heard about. He wasn't called When Bob Dole ran against Bill Clinton in 1996, he the Great Communicator for nothing. emphasized his trustworthiness and his war record— This year's election has shown once again the all ethos-based appeals. Bill Clinton countered by importance of Aristotle's principles of persuasion, as feeling the voters' pain. Political cartoonist Pat Oliphant two unlikely candidates, the celebrity businessman portrayed the tenor of the race by showing a scene at a Donald Trump and the liberal populist Bernie Sanders, restaurant in which Bob Dole was shown talking about conducted effective insurgency campaigns in their what "Bob Dole would do," while the pathos-driven respective parties. The Republican Clinton was shown seated at a small table Trump did this through a gutlooking into the eyes of a woman level appeal to voter anger (representing the voters), while In a sen se, a n and disaffection, and the two musicians, one with a Democratic Sanders through violin and the other with a elect ion is a an appeal to the unfairness of guitar, played romantic music. rhe tor ica l sit uat ion. the economic system.

Bob Dole lost.

None of these candidates— One of the reasons for neither the ones running this year, Ronald Reagan's almost universal nor those from past elections—had any appeal among both conservatives and conception of Aristotle's three modes of persuasion. liberals is that he emphasized all three persuasive But they would undoubtedly be more effective if modes. He gave rational reasons for his policy ideas they did. (logos), spending years arguing for his positions on Of course, that could be good or bad, depending on daily radio broadcasts and in frequent speeches. He where you stand. came off as likeable and trustworthy (ethos), being

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The 3 Modes of Persuasion

27

"This is the best exposition of Aristotelian logic I have yet seen aimed at homeschoolers ..."

- Mary Pride

traditional logic i

traditional logic ii

Introduction to Formal Logic

Advanced Formal Logic

$75.00 complete set (student, key, DVDs, quizzes) $38.00 basic set (student, key, quizzes)

$75.00 complete set (student, key, DVDs, quizzes) $38.00 basic set (student, key, quizzes)

by Martin Cothran grades 7+

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by Martin Cothran grades 8+

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student $29.95 Key $6.95 DVDs $45.00 Quizzes $5.00

student $29.95 Key $6.95 DVDs $45.00 Quizzes $5.00

Online Class (p. 31)

Online Class (p. 31)

The Traditional Logic program is an in-depth study of the classical syllogism. in Book I, students will gain a basic understanding of terms, statements, and simple categorical arguments.

Traditional Logic II covers the figures of the traditional syllogism, forms of rhetorical arguments, kinds of hypothetical syllogisms, kinds of complex syllogisms, as well as relational arguments. The book also includes a wealth of examples of famous arguments throughout history. some examples include:

(each book can be used as either a one-semester or one-year course.)

Basic Logical Terms, Concepts, & Procedures • truth, validity, soundness • 4 ways statements can be opposite • 3 ways statements can be equivalent • Distribution of terms • The 7 rules for validity

Clear & Systematic Presentation • Daily exercises to ensure mastery • historic argument case studies • emphasis on language, not math

A variety of Learning Strategies • Clear and concise text explanations • Practical application • Creative invention

"I am almost certain that I would never have selected my college or major had I not studied logic or fallacies (my personal favorite) with you. Philosophy was of no interest to me at all before either of those classes. I owe a lot to Memoria Press with all the rhetoric, literature, and Latin I studied." - holden, grand rapids, Mi

• rene Descartes' famous enthymeme ("i think, therefore, i am") • C. s. lewis’ disjunctive syllogism proving the deity of Christ • Christ’s injunction ("You cannot serve both god and mammon") • David hume’s famous dilemma stating the problem of evil • st. Thomas aquinas’ cosmological argument for the existence of god

By the end of Traditional Logic II, the student will be able to analyze a variety of argument forms, including enthymemes, sorites, and epicheirema, as well as recognize and respond to dilemmas.

The level of understanding attained in this course would be more than that typically attained in a college course.

Advanced Concepts & Argument Forms • Figure & mood in syllogisms • syllogism reduction • hypothetical reasoning • Chain arguments • The dilemma • The oblique syllogism

logic supplements Handbook of Christian Apologetics:

Socrates Meets Jesus:

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Hundreds of Answers to Crucial Questions

by Peter Kreeft & ronald tacelli

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Logic & Rhetoric

History’s greatest Questioner Confronts the Claims of Christ by Peter Kreeft (optional supplement)

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Material Logic

Classical Rhetoric

A Course in How to Think

Aristotle's Principles of Persuasion

$68.95 complete set (student, key, DVDs) $31.90 basic set (student, key)

$140.00 complete set (basic set + How to Read a Book & Figures of Speech) $94.95 basic set (student, key, DVDs, Aristotle's Rhetoric)

by Martin Cothran Grades 9+

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by Martin Cothran Grades 9+

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Student $29.95 Key $1.95 DVDs $45.00

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Student $39.95 Key $4.95 DVDs $55.00 Aristotle's Rhetoric $4.50 How to Read a Book $16.99 Figures of Speech $31.95

Online Class (p. 31)

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Online Class (p. 31) Whether you want a follow-on course to Memoria Press’ popular Traditional Logic program, or simply an introduction to logic for high school students at a little more advanced level, this program is a valuable tool in teaching your student how to think.

Classical Rhetoric with Aristotle is a guided tour through the first part of the greatest single book on communication ever written: Aristotle’s Rhetoric. With questions that will help the student unlock every important aspect of the book, along with fill-in-the-blank charts and analyses of great speeches, this companion text to Aristotle’s great work will send the student on a voyage of discovery from which he will return with a competent knowledge of the basic classical principles of speech and writing.

The Ancient Art of Thinking • The ten ways something can exist • Five ways to say something about something else • The four definitional questions • Three questions to ask when analyzing an idea • Definition & classification

This is more than just a course in English or public speaking. It involves a study of the fundamental principles of political philosophy, ethics, and traditional psychology. A student learns not only the elements of a political speech, but also the elements of good character; not only how to give a legal speech, but also the seven reasons people act; not only how to give a ceremonial speech, but what elicits specific emotions under particular circumstances and why.

Case Studies in Logic • "What is a Heresy?" by Hillaire Belloc • "The Nature of Philosophy," by Vincent McNabb • "The Function of the Wise Man," by Thomas Aquinas • "Idols of the Mind," by Sir Francis Bacon

Practical Thinking Skills • How to mark a book or article • "How to Define" worksheet • "How to Classify" worksheet

An Introduction to First Philosophy Material Logic is not only a textbook on critical thinking skills, but an introduction to the basic rudiments of classical philosophy. Most of the book's content is derived from the metaphysical works of one of history's greatest thinkers: Aristotle.

• Sample weekly plan • Clear explanation of lesson components • Easy-to-read layout • Reading questions • Figures of speech • Evaluative & analysis questions • How to Read a Book questions • Case studies from Homer, Plato, Shakespeare, Lincoln, Marc Antony, and more

Rhetoric Supplements Aristotle's Rhetoric

edited by Edward Corbett $4.50 (REQUIRED supplement)

How to Read A Book:

A Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading by Mortimer Adler & Charles Van Doren

$16.99

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Figures of Speech:

60 Ways to Turn a Phrase

by Arthur Quinn

$31.95

(optional supplement)

(optional supplement)

Logic & Rhetoric

29

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Classical Education Resources The Schools We Need:

The Well-Trained Mind:

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And Why We Don't Have Them

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A Guide to the Classical Education You Never Had

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Why Christians Should Read the Pagan Classics

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A Guide to Classical Education at Home, 3rd Edition

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Classical Education Resources

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In our online classrooms, always guided by traditional teaching methods, a knowledgeable, enthusiastic teacher carefully leads students into an understanding of each subject. Classrooms are ordered and disciplined.

Lessons are incremental, and students learn the important skill of submitting quality work completed in a timely manner. Grades are based on various assessments and active participation, and parents are expected to check up on their student’s work periodically, alongside the teacher, to make sure that good progress is maintained.

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Kevin Dray

Susan Francino

Composition & latin

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Dr. Kevin Dray holds a B.a. in english from oklahoma Baptist university, as well as two masters degrees and a Ph.D. from new orleans Baptist Theological seminary. Kevin loves teaching and has a wealth of experience, both in brick-and-mortar classical schools and online schools. he has taught for three years with Memoria Press online academy in the areas of latin, Classical Composition, and Christian studies. Kevin is a true renaissance man and has experience with students of all ages.

1-877-745-8866

susan Francino graduated summa Cum laude from hillsdale College with a B.a. in latin. in addition to latin, she loves english literature, poetic theory, and poetry in any language she can read—and even a few she cannot. Through hillsdale she traveled to italy, england, and turkey, and studied abroad at oxford. in addition to teaching with Memoria Press online academy, she substitute teaches language classes at shady side academy in Pittsburgh, tutors and teaches latin privately in the Pittsburgh area, and writes young adult novels.

I wanted you to know that after two years of MP my daughters went back to private school. This is an "elite" school in our area. They were SO impressed! Both daughters received the history award. They are well known for their in-depth knowledge of their faith and love of classic literature. And, even though we didn't really "do" science while homeschooling, my oldest (for two years in a row) went very far in statewide science fair competitions.

I think it's because she knows how to think and express herself.

Teachers ask me what I did ... I say, "Memoria Press!"

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American/Modern Studies Grades 5-8

200 Questions About American History

Grades 5-8

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These 200 questions everyone should know about American history are compiled from The Story of the Thirteen Colonies & the Great Republic, Everything You Need to Know About American History Homework, and The Story of the World, Vol. 4.

Guide $9.95 Key $5.00 Flashcards $12.95

The Story of the Thirteen Colonies & the Great Republic $48.00 set (text, student, teacher) We have combined Guerber's The Story of the Thirteen Colonies and The Story of the Great Republic into one edited volume that makes it a perfect one-year survey of American history for the middle school years. The study guide includes important facts, vocabulary, and comprehension questions for each chapter, as well as enrichment activities such as mapwork, drawings, research, writing assignments, and more!

Flashcards: These cards are based on our 200 Questions About American History study guide, but can be used with any good American history course.

Everything You Need to Know About American History Homework

Grades 5-8 $9.99

Filled with charts, maps, timelines, and short summaries of important facts about American history, this book is a great companion to The Story of the Thirteen Colonies & the Great Republic.

Artner Reader's Guide to American History

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The Artners have read and researched, selected and catalogued, the best of children’s American history books—both in and out of print.

Supplemental Reading

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What a great way to study American history as a young student—by reading good books and immersing oneself in the lives and culture of those who have made history!

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Third Grade American History: Discussion Questions for Supplemental Reading Set $12.95 This little teacher book will aid teachers in talking with their students about what they have read, increasing student enjoyment.

Text $122.95 (for Year I and Year II) Year I Student $17.95 Year I Teacher $17.95 Year II Student $17.95 Year II Teacher $17.95

A Concise History of the American Republic This two-year American history course for high school addresses social, economic, and political issues using the excellent Concise History of the American Republic text. Our study guides provide reading notes for each chapter, as well as comprehension questions that help students focus on the most important information from each chapter. The Teacher Guide for each year includes three tests.

Year I: Pre-1615 life in North America through the post-Civil War Reconstruction years, ending in 1877.

Year II: End of Reconstruction (1877) to the Reagan years (1980s).

Grades 1-3 $12.95

Stories of Great Americans for Little Americans

by Edward Eggleston

Eggleston says in his preface that "the primary aim of this book is to furnish the little learner reading matter that will excite his attention and give him pleasure" and "to make the mind of the pupil familiar with some of the leading figures in the history of our country by means of personal anecdote." We have included Eggleston's original illustrations in addition to our own.

32

American/Modern Studies

Grades 10+

A History of Europe in the Modern World Year One: Volume I (to 1815) Year Two: Volume II (since 1815)

Text $140.00 ea.

Student $17.95 ea.

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A historical study of the greatest minds and cultures of preceding generations is an essential pillar of classical education. The three components of this course include the history of ideas, biography, and key cultural developments, particularly in Western European and American societies. The texts include helpful maps, timelines, and illustrations. Our study guides provide comprehension questions that help students focus on the most important information from each chapter. The Teacher Guide for each year includes three tests.

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Geography Grades 3-6

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Geography II Text $14.95 Geography II Student $12.95 Geography II Teacher $14.95 Geography I Review Workbook $5.00 Geography I Review Teacher $7.95

States & Capitals

Geography II: Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, Oceania, & the Americas

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In this study guide, each state is given a two-page spread that includes a map with room to write the state capital, nickname, abbreviation, and fun facts about the state. By the end of this year-long course, students will be able to map all 50 states and capitals. We recommend that this guide be used with Don’t Know Much About the 50 States.

After studying Geography I, students are ready to cover areas of the world outside the ancient Roman Empire. Each lesson includes physical features, history, and culture. Students will continue to deepen their understanding of past and present as they learn about ancient and modern countries.

Flashcards: This set includes 50 cards, with the name of each state and a map of the state’s location within the United States on one side of the card, and the capital and detailed shape of the state on the other. Also included are 34 country cards that introduce key world countries and their capitals. Helpful teaching hints and suggested activities are also included.

Geography I Review: This study guide will help students retain the knowledge they gained in their study of Geography I. The review takes very little time and makes a great companion to Geography II.

Grades 7+ Text $16.95 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95 Classroom Atlas $12.00 Geography Flashcards $19.95

Grades 4+ Geography I Text $14.95 Geography Student $12.95 Geography Teacher $14.95 U.S. Review Workbook $5.00 U.S. Review Teacher $7.95 Geography Flashcards $19.95

Geography III:

Exploring and Mapping the World

Geography I: The Middle East, North Africa, & Europe $65.00 set (text, workbook, teacher + U.S. Review workbook, teacher, and flashcards) A unique geography program designed for students pursuing a classical education, Geography of the Middle East, North Africa, & Europe covers the area that constituted the ancient Roman Empire. Each region is explored in its historical context in “History’s Headlines” as well as in the present in “Tour of Today.”

The United States Review: Help students retain the knowledge they gained in their study of States & Capitals. This review takes very little time and makes a great companion to Geography I. Geography I-III Flashcards: We have a big fan club for our geography books. Our customers like the basic maps that give you just the essentials of world geography in a straightforward manner. Now we have the flashcards to go with it. Covering the material from Geography I, II, and III, these flashcards will help your student master the physical and cultural geography of the world.

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$76.00 set (text, workbook, teacher, classroom

atlas, flashcards)

Students learn to map the world in our Geography I and Geography II programs.

Geography III solidifies these mapping skills and requires students to label major landforms and topography. Students will study the climate, recent and current history, culture, and religion of every continent. This text has many illustrations of famous landmarks, architecture, and people from around the world, and the workbook requires students to practice mapwork weekly. In addition to labeling maps, students will learn to draw each continent using the Robinson Map Project. This is a thorough world geography course that is perfect for middle school students before their advanced European and American history courses in high school.

Classroom Atlas: Detailed political, economic, environmental, and topographical maps of global regions. This is a recommended supplement for Geography III.

Geography

33

IEW Writing Lessons (p. 52)

Grades 3-8 D'Aulaires' Greek Myths (p. 62)

Grades 1-4

Greek

Prima Latina (p. 18)

Grades 3-4 Introduction to Composition (p. 52)

Grades 4-12 Classical Composition (p. 53)

Grades 4-8

Famous Men of Rome, Famous Men of the Middle Ages, Famous Men of Greece, & Famous Men of Modern Times (pp. 62-63)

Grades 3-6 Latina Christiana (p. 19)

Grades 3+

The Greek Alphabet, Elementary Greek (Years I-III), and First Form Greek (pp. 23-25)

Grades 5+ First Form Latin (p. 20)

Grade Jr. K Alphabet (p. 40)

Grade K

Grades K-6

Grades 6-8 The Trojan War (p. 64)

Second Form Latin (p. 20)

Grades 5-8 First Start French (p. 22)

First Start

Grades 5-9

John H. Tiner's Science Series (p. 57)

Grades 6+

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Grades 6+

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Grammar

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The Book of the Ancient World (p. 62)

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Grades 10+ The City of God (p. 66)

Poetry (p. 52)

Grades 10+

A Concise History of the American Republic (p. 32)

History of Europe in the Modern World (p. 32)

Grades 10+

On Obligations & The Republic and the Laws (p. 65)

Grades 9+ Material Logic (p. 30)

MUSIC

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Logic & Rhetoric

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I

n two previous articles, we have explored the question: What is the classical approach to phonics?

I have shown that Orton-Gillingham phonics, which is designed for students with dyslexia, is in every respect a classic traditional phonics program. I have also shown that Romalda Spalding, in The Writing Road to Reading (WRTR), though she used the Orton phonograms, created a totally different approach to phonics that has little resemblance to Orton or to any other traditional phonics program.

The Spalding Method of Phonogram Instruction In the Spalding method, children are taught to recite all common sounds for each phonogram from the beginning, and then are expected to use these sounds and spelling rules to decode new words. In contrast, traditional phonics teaches each sound for phonograms one at a time and practices that sound in the context of word families.

I think the appeal of Spalding is that the child who can recite all sounds of a particular phonogram from memory appears to have a level of mastery that the traditional phonics student does not. But is this an effective way to teach reading?

Let me illustrate the difference. The WRTR student learns the sounds of the phonogram ea in isolation and can recite all three: ē, ĕ, and ā. He is given no words to learn with the ea phonogram, only the pure sounds. When he begins to read and sees a word with ea, he must decide which of the three sounds to use.

Herein lies the fundamental flaw of the WRTR.

36

How to Teach Phonics

If there were actual rules to help the child choose between the three sounds he has learned, then WRTR could claim to be an effective method of teaching accurate reading and spelling. Unfortunately, this is not the case. In the absence of rules, the WRTR child has been given no aids for or practice in reading words with the ea phonogram.

The traditional phonics student, on the other hand, learns the three sounds of the phonogram ea in a logical order, one at a time. First he learns the most common sound, ē, and practices this phonogram with a selection of the more than 325 words that illustrate this sound: meat, each, real, speak, etc.

Later he learns the second most common sound for ea, the ĕ sound, and again he practices this phonogram with a selection of the 150 words that illustrate this sound: bread, head, heavy, ready, etc.

For the third sound of ea, the traditional phonics student learns only the three common words where ea has the sound ā: great, steak, break.

Which do you think is the best way to teach students the phonogram ea?

Learning Phonogram Sounds Without Aids Learning every sound of the 70 phonograms is a daunting task which seems nearly impossible in the short amount of time Mrs. Spalding suggests for the first grader. But to make the task even more difficult, Mrs. Spalding prohibits the use of key words or pictures to remember phonogram sounds.

The (phonogram) cards have key words printed on the back only for the teacher’s information. The child learns only the sounds and the writing of them. WRTR, p. 57

www.MemoriaPress.com

Prove to him that the words he says are made up of separate sounds, but do not teach the sounds by having him learn key words. WRTR, p. 57

However, for the teacher herself, she advises the aid of key words to remember and check her pronunciation.

Before teaching the sounds it is advisable for a teacher to check and correct her pronunciation of the phonograms. … Segregate the phonogram sounds in the key words as a check on the correct sounds. WRTR, p. 57

I can see why she advises this aid for the teacher, because it is imperative that the teacher master these sounds in order for the students to learn them accurately. However, if the teacher needs to check her pronunciation and aid her memory by using real words, how much more so the student?

Why would we deny the child the same aid to memory and accuracy afforded the teacher? The only way for the child to learn the sounds of his own language is by segmenting them from real words that he can pronounce. There is no other way to accurately pinpoint these sounds. There is a real danger here that students will confuse and blur the 19 vowel sounds in English because a number are very close. To teach all of these vowel sounds in isolation runs the risk of confusing sounds that are close and learning them inaccurately.

Dr. Orton’s program, like all traditional phonics, uses pictures and words for students to learn phonogram sounds.

Learning Phonograms Without Word Families When learning the 70 phonograms, the child is denied the use of his own language to accurately hear and learn phonogram sounds. A second obstacle is then added when he is denied the opportunity to practice each phonogram in word families. Mrs. Spalding specifically scorns the use of word families.

The phonics teaching now being used in many schools classifies rhyming words like ill, will, bill, fill, kill, mill, etc., as word families. This is wrong. They are not families but completely unrelated words. WRTR, p. 159

I didn’t have a phonics program when I was teaching my sons to read, but I made up word families for every phonogram I taught them because it seemed the natural thing to do. They did not have to learn ay as a random phonogram, but as a spelling pattern for many other words. Why would you withhold the information that ay is used in many other words and deny the child the opportunity

1-877-862-1097

to practice reading other ay words and enlarge his reading vocabulary?

Dr. Orton teaches words in word families like all good phonics programs, and in Lesson 7 teaches the very words­­—will, bill, fill, kill, mill—that Mrs. Spalding so vehemently denounces.

Additionally, Spalding omits the very important word families of consonant blends. Because they are not phonograms for one of the 45 sounds of English, Mrs. Spalding does not teach, nor make any mention of, the many initial and final consonant blends (e.g., br, cl, st). Blending consonants takes practice and is taught explicitly and early in all traditional phonics programs. In the Orton program, for instance, consonant blends are taught in Lessons 10-13, and are also included in the Orton phonogram cards.

The Spalding Spelling Rules Many advocates of the Spalding method think that the reason our children never master spelling is because they have not learned the 29 Spalding spelling rules. They have the impression that these rules give students the guidelines they need to choose the correct spelling. If this were true, the Spalding method would be a scientific method of learning to read and spell with a high degree of accuracy.

Unfortunately this is not the case. Most of the Spalding spelling rules are generalizations about the English language. They are somewhat helpful when teaching children to read, but most are not spelling rules. Most of her rules are awkwardly worded and some are unintelligible.

Rule 2. When c by itself has a sound (not part of a two-letter phonogram) it always says "s" if followed by e, i, or y (cent, city, cyclone). If not followed by one of these letters its sound is "k" (cat, claw, cyclone). This is true in spelling and reading. WRTR, p. 118 Rule 10. Sh may be used at the beginning or end of a base word and at the end of a syllable (she, finish) but except in the ending ship ( friendship, worship) not at the beginning of a syllable after the first one. WRTR, p. 119

Because these rules are so rambling, all of the programs based on Spalding have rewritten them into concise and usable generalizations about English.

Students write these rules in their spelling books next to words that illustrate them.

But few of these spelling rules actually help us with the many spelling demons in English. In fact there are only six useful spelling rules, five of which are about adding suffixes. There is only one spelling rule to help us choose between alternate phonograms, the i before e rule: i before e except after c, or when

How to Teach Phonics

37

sounded like a as in neighbor and weigh. This rule is helpful as long as you learn the common exceptions: weird, either, neither, seize, and leisure.

The difficulties of English spelling arise from the multiple ways to spell an English sound. There are few rules for choosing the correct spelling. For instance, the /ər/ ending can be spelled three ways: paper, dollar, color; the /ən/ ending can be spelled five ways: open, raisin, bargain, button and listen; the /əl/ ending can be spelled le and el: pickle and nickel; the phonogram ch has three sounds, /ch/, /k/, /sh/: much, echo, and machine; the sound /ch/ can be spelled two ways: ch in much, and tu in nature; the long sound

Marks of a Traditional Phonics Program Though the Spalding program teaches the 70 Orton phonograms it is clearly not an example of the traditional classical method of teaching reading. There are many good traditional phonics programs.

To help you evaluate your program look for these points: 1. Does your program teach all sounds for each phonogram at once like Spalding, or does it teach one sound at a time in an order similar to Orton?

2. Does your program teach phonograms in isolation or does it use words/ pictures to help students accurately hear and learn their sounds?

3. Does your program rely on spelling rules to read words or does it practice phonograms in word families?

4. Does your program teach reading through the spelling of the most common words in the English language or does your program teach systematic phonics?

5. Does your program jump right into real books or does your program give students ample opportunity to blend and sound out words in phonetic readers?

38

Heading How to Teach GoesPhonics Here

/oo/ can be spelled five ways: Sue, you, new, fruit, truth. This is only the tip of the iceberg. I think the best illustration of the difficulties of English spelling is the following poem: Our Peculiar Language When the English tongue we speak Why is break not rhymed with freak?

Won't you tell me why it's true We say sew, but also few?

And the maker of a verse Cannot rhyme his horse with worse?

Beard is not the same as heard, Cord is different from word, Cow is cow, low is low, Shoe is never rhymed with foe.

Think of hose and dose and lose, And think of goose and yet of choose, Think of comb and tomb and bomb, Doll and roll and home and some.

And since pay is rhymed with say, Why not paid with said I pray?

Think of blood and food and good; Mould is not pronounced like could.

Why is done, but gone and lone— Is there any reason known?

To sum it up, it seems to me Sounds and letters disagree.

The Spalding Method of Reading Instruction The Spalding method teaches reading through spelling. “In kindergarten, most of the instructional time is devoted to the spelling lesson because this is where children learn to read.” But the spelling lessons are based not on phonics but on the Ayers list of most frequently used words in English. This means that students are learning words in the same order they would in Look-Say or Whole Language, not in the systematic order of phonics. For instance, in the first ten spelling words (me, do, and, go, at, on, a, it, is, she), students learn long e, three sounds for the vowel o, the z sound of s, and the sh phonogram. There is nothing orderly about this presentation. It is completely random.

The emphasis on phonograms, spelling words, and spelling rules in the WRTR obscures the process of blending sounds into words and reading. The WRTR uses the word blending rarely and always in a negative context. The actual process of "blending" and reading in WRTR eluded me until, after multiple readings and searching, I finally decided, though it is not explicitly stated, that students must blend phonogram sounds into words when analyzing and marking their spelling words. There is no actual instruction on blending or reading, however, that I could find anywhere in the WRTR. The best

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explanation of how children learn to read in the Spalding method is found in the foreword by Dr. S. Farnham-Diggory. After explaining the value of the spelling notebook, where words are written, marked, and analyzed, he goes on to say: When you (the student) see the word again (unmarked), it is that visual pattern, not the sequence of sounds, that will be activated.

Thus, Spalding minimizes the risk of setting up “sounding out” habits that interfere with wholistic word perception. Words are not sounded out while reading except rarely, when a difficult one is encountered, because they do not have to be. ... When about 150 words are in the spelling notebooks, reading begins. A major shock for new Spalding teachers is that reading is never taught. It just begins. After hours of phonogram learning, sequential word analysis, and graphic marking, children can read. They simply pick up a book and start reading. ... They fly right over the basal readers with their impoverished vocabularies, and start in with good children’s literature. … They also start right in thinking and reasoning about content. From the very first day of reading, the emphasis can be on ideas, information, forming inferences, tracing implications, and the like, because the emphasis doesn’t have to be on word-attack. WRTR, pp. 17-18

This quote and the one below reveal that there are a number of similarities between the modern Whole Language or Look-Say method and Spalding. One is the rejection of sounding out words and the emphasis on reading whole words and reading for meaning from the beginning. The second is the teaching of words in the order of frequency in the English language rather than in the order of systematic phonics. The third is that

Mrs. Spalding shares with the progressive educator a disdain for the beginning skills of learning to read. She scorns phonetic readers and word lists.

Some beginning readers now are based on teaching phonics. Some of the worst are by linguists who offer the beginner sentences containing a repetition of the short sound of the letter a, for example, or, for the purpose of teaching, a sound of ow, etc. Such teaching belongs in the spelling lessons. From the beginning reading should be centered on the thought expressed by the author. WRTR, p. 254

Well, so much for The Cat in the Hat.

Conclusion Spalding and traditional phonics and especially the Orton method, with which Spalding is often confused, are completely incompatible. I think it is imperative that homeschoolers and especially the classical education movement use phonics and reading programs based on classical traditional methods that work. Phonics From A to Z, by Wiley Blevins (sold on p.

41), is an outstanding guide to phonics. I encourage those who want a greater understanding of how to teach reading to buy and study this guide.

A Guide to Teaching Phonics, by June Lyday Orton, is the source I used for this article. It is available from Educators Publishing Service.

The Orton Order of Teaching Phonics The following is an overview of English spelling patterns that shows the underlying order of the English language. This order is the one recommended by Dr. Orton that I think is still the best.

These categories do not by any means exhaust the spelling patterns that must be learned in order to read English fluently. However, they do give a basic overall structure to the teaching of reading and spelling through systematic phonics.

1. Teach one sound for each letter of the alphabet (short vowels, s=/s/; hard c, g; y=/y/).

2. Blend letter sounds into CVC words (consonant-short vowel-consonant).

3. Teach the letter teams that predominate in short-vowel words: double f, l, s, z; final ck; the four h-digraphs, ch, sh, th, wh; final consonant blends, milk, soft, jump, etc.; phonograms ng, nk; initial consonant blends.

4. long vowels in silent e words, soft c and g

5. long vowel teams 6. vowel teams for five more vowel sounds: /oi/, /ou/, /oo/, /oo/, /ô/ 7. r-controlled vowels

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How Heading to Teach Goes Phonics Here

39

Alphabet & Numbers Recommended for Ages 4-5

Recommended for Kindergarten

$30.00 (2-book set)

$30.00 (2-book set)

Alphabet Books (Part I & Part II) by Leigh Lowe

Numbers Books (Part I & Part II) by Leigh Lowe

Learning the alphabet is the critical first step in learning how to read.

The Alphabet Book teaches letter recognition, letter formation, and pencil grip through repetition and tracing. Activities, created with the younger student in mind, make learning each letter simple and fun.

This book also introduces initial and ending sounds, providing a gentle introduction to phonics. The Alphabet Book acts as a great supplement to any primary program or full-year preschool/kindergarten program.

The Numbers Book is the perfect introduction to numbers, counting, and patterns. Lots of tracing practice also makes this book ideal for the slightly older student who has already mastered counting, but still needs extra practice writing numbers. The activities (mazes, coloring, pattern recognition, connect the dots, and more!) are so much fun that your student won't be able to wait for the next lesson!

Recommended for Ages 4-5

$10.00

Numbers $6.00 Alphabet $6.00

Alphabet Wall Charts (11'' x 17'')

Alphabet Flashcards

Coloring Books

These flashcards are modeled after our manuscript Alphabet Wall Charts. Each letter is on one side of the card, and the image beginning with that letter is on the flip side. These are perfect for reinforcing your child's letter recognition and beginning sounds.

Have you been searching for Jr. Kindergarten activities that are fun and instructional? These coloring books have simple line drawings on uncluttered pages. The Alphabet Coloring Book has a 2-page spread for each letter, and the Numbers Coloring Book has two sets of 2-page spreads for numbers 0-12. The perfect supplement to any Jr. K program.

(4Ÿ'' x 5½")

Manuscript $14.95

Visual aids reinforce each letter of the alphabet while young students learn to read and write or practice their penmanship. With beautiful letters, colors, and simple hand-drawn illustrations, they also make great educational posters for your home or classroom! (Alphabet Wall Poster page 43)

Primary Enrichment Classical Core Curriculum supplement My Very First Scissors Book $6.00 My Very Own Scissors Book $6.00

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Classical Core Curriculum supplement

Classical Core Curriculum supplement

$16.95 ea.

$19.95 ea.

(Jr. Kindergarten or Kindergarten)

(Kindergarten, 1st Grade, or 2nd Grade)

Scissors Books

The Book of Crafts

Enrichment Guides

Help your child develop hand strength, finemotor skills, and independence with one or both books in this set. In My Very First Scissors Book, the child learns to open and close his scissors to cut along thick lines which fade, grow wavy, and create shapes as the pages progress. In My Very Own Scissors Book, the activities coordinate with alphabet lessons in Simply Classical Curriculum Level C (p. 47) or may serve as a useful precursor to the Jr. Kindergarten Book of Crafts.

Both books feature perforated pages and large "cutting boxes" to promote the child's success.

The creative arts are an essential part of primary school education. These activities reinforce number and letter recognition, strengthen fine motor skills, and foster creativity and confidence. There is a craft project for each read-aloud in Memoria Press' Jr. Kindergarten and Kindergarten Classical Core Curriculum, and additional crafts that focus on art concepts. Enjoy each of your creations and the time spent together making them.

These supplemental guides are organized by week, matching our Classical Core Kindergarten, First Grade, and Second Grade programs. Each guide includes an overview of each read-aloud book, author and illustrator biographies, oral reading questions, and a simple language lesson.

These activities will help bring each readaloud book alive for your student. Also included are resources for the history, culture, and science lessons, biographies of the artists and composers, and poetry lessons.

Primary Education

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Reading & Phonics Kindergarten

Grades K-2 $15.95

Classical Phonics First Start Reading, Book E

First Start Reading:

Phonics, Reading, and Printing by Cheryl Lowe

by Michelle Tefertiller

Recommended for Kindergarten

In Book E we complete the program by covering long vowel teams, soft c and g, and three sounds of y. Once the student has mastered the basic phonics in the FSR series, he is ready to continue reading progress with real literature.

$59.90 set (Books A-E + Teacher Guides) Your children can begin reading instantly as they progress through 4 simple student books and 34 phonetic stories. The Teacher Guide includes helpful assessments, tips, and more!

• • • • • •

consonants short & long vowels 57 common words manuscript printing artist-drawn coloring pictures drawing pages for every letter

*Note: Printing, an important pathway of the learning process, is an integral part of FSR. Some children, however, are reading-ready before their motor skills are developed enough for printing.

If this is the case with your child, you may use FSR without the printing component.

FSR is a balanced, age-appropriate approach to phonics and reading, with a serious focus on correct pencil grip and letter formation. Also, while many phonics programs today use the ladder approach (consonant-vowel blending), we prefer the more traditional (vowel-consonant) approach combined with word families. Mastery of short vowels is the sine qua non of phonics programs, but few programs provide adequate practice.

The FSR program consists of 5 student books with artist-­ drawn pictures to color, drawing pages for each letter or phonogram, and over 30 stories. The Teacher Guide leads you through the program and provides helpful assessments and teaching tips.

Grades K-2 $24.95

Phonics Flashcards

(5.5"x 4.25")

Phonograms are letters or letter teams that represent sounds. There are nearly 200 phonograms used to spell the 44 sounds used in the English language. In our Phonics Flashcards we have organized these phonograms into nine categories to give some rational order to the irregularities of English spelling. Phonogram cards can be combined and recombined to help students see the multiple ways a sound can be spelled, and the multiple sounds for a particular phonogram.

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A Child's Guide to Word Mastery

by Cheryl Lowe Classical Phonics consists of phoneticallyarranged word lists for students to practice their growing word recognition skills. In a word list there are no context clues, so the learner must rely on his mastery of letter sounds. If your child can pronounce each word in this list correctly, he knows his short vowel sounds, and you can move on to long vowels!

Classical Phonics is the most effective tool we know of to address the repetition that young ones need when learning to read. It can be used as a supplement to any phonics program and covers nearly all English phonograms and sounds taught through second grade.

Perfect for any phonics program!

Phonics from A-Z

$25.99

Phonics from A to Z is a readable and accessible manual for parents and teachers who want to go deeper into the subject of phonics and reading. It begins with a succinct history of the controversies surrounding phonics, followed by a wealth of information on every aspect of how children best learn to read. It provides reliable, accurate, and common-sense advice as well as extensive lists of resources that will ensure that you can teach reading successfully. This is the best resource on teaching phonics and reading we have ever found. Highly recommended, especially for schools that may need multiple strategies to meet the needs of all students.

"I cannot praise First Start Reading enough.

The ear training is key in learning to isolate letter sounds. The integrated writing practice connects the mental effort of reading with the finemotor skill of writing. Oh how I wish I had known of MP from the time my first child was in kindergarten!

I am now using FSR with my current kindergartener, and am enjoying every minute of the experience."

- Anastasia

Primary Education

41

Copybooks Grades K-2

Grades 1-4

Grades K-6

$14.95 ea.

$14.95 ea.

$8.50 ea.

Copybooks I-III

Copybook Cursive I & II

$39.95 set (Copybooks I-III)

Our original Copybook III formatted in the New American Cursive font. Our second graders complete Copybook Cursive I alongside NAC 2, but it also makes a good choice for older students needing more practice.

(New American Cursive font)

by Cheryl & Leigh Lowe

These three-in-one wonders include memory passages, copybook exercises, and drawing pages. We have selected Scripture from the King James Bible and classic children’s poems, which describe the world in charming detail. Our copybooks introduce basic strokes and margin/spacing guidelines, along with alphabet practice pages with traceable characters and instructions for difficult letters.

Copybook Cursive II is a perfect supplement to our Fourth Grade Classical Core Curriculum.

It includes the Scripture passages from Christian Studies I, the 15 brightest stars from Astronomy, the major Greek gods from D'Aulaires' Greek Myths, and more!

Composition & Sketchbooks Our Composition & Sketchbooks allow each student to write and illustrate compositions.

They are great resources for all subjects and become a journal of your child's work for each year.

Composition & Sketchbook I: 5/8" Ruled for Younger Students Composition & Sketchbook II: 1/2" Ruled for 1st-2nd Grade Students Composition & Sketchbook III: College-Ruled for Older Students

Ages 4-11, chronological age or skill level

Ages 6-12, chronological age or skill level

Ages 6-8, chronological age or skill level

$8.95

Beginner Journal $8.50 Intermediate Journal $8.50

$14.95

My Nature Journal

by Cheryl Swope

Savor small moments of wonder with your child as he learns the simple beauty of nature. Create a keepsake for your child as you witness improvement in his knowledge, attention to detail, and writing skills through the exercises. Help your child make essential connections between oral language and written language, even as you assist his ability to observe and enjoy the wonders of nature.

This book can stand alone as a delightful supplement to any program.

My Thankfulness Journals (New American Cursive font)

by Cheryl Swope

These journals let students practice their cursive writing while thinking about God's daily blessings in their lives. Each page begins "Dear Heavenly Father," and closes, "Your child," with space for the child's signature.

In between is room for students to list their blessings each day. The Intermediate Journal is a smaller font size and has less tracing as students progress.

Cursive Practice Sheets (New American Cursive font)

One question we hear repeatedly is how to get more worksheets to practice New American Cursive writing. We try to put extra sheets in our books, but it never seems to be enough. Our new Cursive Practice Sheets book includes pages for practicing each cursive letter, Scripture copywork, and blank practice sheets. Since the most important objective of the NAC program is mastery, the more your student is able to practice, the better!

Simply Classical Copybook Series

(Manuscript and New American Cursive fonts)

by Cheryl Swope

Ages 5-8, chronological age or skill level Simply Classical Copybook: Book One, Manuscript $8.95 Simply Classical Copybook: Book Two, Manuscript $8.95 Simply Classical Copybook: Book Two, Cursive $8.95

Copybook is the time-honored activity in which students copy Scripture, maxims, poetry, and other literature selections. Copybook can assist children with special needs, even those who might otherwise find writing difficult. Through Simply Classical Copybook, students can strengthen penmanship, spelling, punctuation, vocabulary, fine-motor skills, and memory, while they learn habits of accuracy, neatness, and patience. Even more, they can receive truth and comfort from Holy Scripture. Shorter selections help accommodate for writing difficulties while providing the full benefits of copybook exercises for all beginning writers.

More special-needs information & curriculum on pages 44-49.

42

Copybooks & Penmanship

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Cursive Grades 1-4

Grades 1-4

Grades 1-4

$22.95

$22.95 ea.

$22.95 ea.

New American Cursive 1

by Iris Hatfield

New American Cursive 2

New American Cursive 3

Choose from: Famous Quotations & Scripture Quotations from Famous Americans

Choose from: Scripture & Lessons on Manners Famous Quotes & Lessons on Manners

by Iris Hatfield

by Iris Hatfield

Simple, clear, & effective!

Some people think computers have made cursive writing skills obsolete, but good handwriting and computers are not mutually exclusive.

Should we stop teaching language arts because a child can now text?

Before the early 1920s, children were taught cursive in the first grade.

Research shows that when third graders begin writing cursive, they return to a first grade speed level. By learning cursive earlier, students can focus more on other subjects once they reach the upper grades.

Grades 5-Adult $22.95

Teach Yourself Cursive: Create a Cursive That Fits You

by Iris Hatfield

The New American Cursive Penmanship Program is an easy-to-follow method for learning cursive. Developed by Iris Hatfield, who has over 35 years experience as a handwriting specialist, NAC combines proven teaching methods with the student’s needs for a fast, legible script.

• • • • • • • • •

Natural right slant (easier for beginners & lefties) Illustrations/Exercises for letter connections Bound at the top for right or left-handers Focus on accuracy and legibility Simplified classic letter forms 125 Instruction and exercise lessons 8-page teaching guide Multi-sensory teaching methods Takes only 15 min./day

1-877-862-1097

$29.95 This New American Cursive supplemental software is available for easy, customizable worksheets to integrate handwriting practice with any subject. (Windows only)

Supplements

Penmanship program for older students & adults: • Easy methods to make learning cursive a pleasure • Step-by-step lesson plan • Just 15 minutes a day for remarkable results • 14 tips for left-handers • Helps develop your individual style • Handwriting improvement techniques

Why Learn Cursive?

• Improved neural connections in the brain • Increased ability to read cursive • Increased writing speed • Improved fine motor skills • Improved reading and spelling ability • Increased self-discipline and eye-hand coordination • Improved attractiveness, legibility, and fluidity of one’s signature • Increased self-confidence, continuity, and fluidity when communicating with the written word

"Iris Hatfield has done it again! Teach Yourself Cursive makes practice easy and interesting, with plenty of guides and incentives to keep us improving in handwriting that is consistent, legible, and, yes, faster than printing. Above all, New American Cursive is proven to be based on positive psychological principles."

–Willa W. Smith, Ed. D.

Startwrite CD

Alphabet Wall Charts (11'' x 17'') New American Cursive font $14.95

These wall charts match our manuscript Alphabet Wall Charts, using the New American Cursive font.

With beautiful letters, colors, and hand-drawn illustrations, they also make great educational posters!

Alphabet Wall Poster (22'' x 34'') Manuscript and New American Cursive $7.00

This poster lists the entire manuscript and cursive alphabets. It is the perfect resource if you don't have the space for our alphabet wall charts.

Copybooks & Penmanship

43

$

Shining Like the Stars Forever and Ever

I

n the book Simply Classical, I share how my two children, despite their significant special needs, benefit from a classical Christian education which not only strengthens their minds, but also impacts their souls.

One recent event underscored what this kind of education can do for our children, and what it can do for the people in our children's lives.

My children's 90-year-old grandfather had been hospitalized for weeks.

We were concerned that though he had been quite distraught at times, he had not received consistent spiritual comfort. So my daughter brought him the Sunday morning readings from Holy Scripture.

In the hospital's gathering room, she began reading loudly and clearly to him from Isaiah 12:1-3: I will give thanks to you, O L ord, for though you were angry with me, your anger turned away, that you might comfort me.

Behold, God is my salvation; I will trust, and will not be afraid; for the L ord God is my strength and my song, and he has become my salvation.

With joy you will draw water from the wells of salvation.

He listened. He heard. She continued with the New Testament passage.

With shoulders still drooping in the metal wheelchair, Pop grew quiet at the sound of the words. Then he surprised us by asking to see a copy of the readings.

He straightened his body. Lifting his head, he reread the Isaiah verses out loud. Peace softened his worn face, and joy warmed his gray eyes. He smiled—a wonderful moment for all of us.

We still grieve while watching our loved one decline in mind and body, but that day my daughter Michelle, despite her own challenges, reminded us of this: Those who are wise shall shine Like the brightness of the firmament, And those who turn many to righteousness Like the stars forever and ever. (Daniel 12:3)

Cheryl Swope is the author of Simply Classical: A Beautiful Education for Any Child and Memoria Press' Simply Classical Curriculum. More information on page 49.

44

Special-Needs

www.ClassicalSpecialNeeds.com

$

$275 Complete Set (all Level 2 core materials + Curriculum Manual)

Level 2 Core Materials

NEW

Simply Classical

Curriculum Level 2:

• Simply Classical Curriculum Manual: Level 2 (indiv. $30) • Moose Moments: Short Vowels, Silent E, and Consonant Digraphs • Core Skills Phonics 2 & 3 • Phonics Flashcards • Simply Classical Spelling: Step-by-Step Words • Core Skills Spelling 1 • New American Cursive 1 • Cursive Practice Sheets • Second Grade Art Cards • Little Bear • Little Bear's Visit

• Blueberries for Sal • Caps for Sale • Simply Classical Writing: Step-by-Step Sentences, Read-Aloud Edition (or Bible edition available) • SC StoryTime Treasures • Rod & Staff Arithmetic 1 Workbook, Part 2 • Arithmetic 1 Speed Drills • Simply Classical Copybook: Book 2, Manuscript (or cursive edition available) • Animal Tales CD • At the Farm

Included in Previous Levels (required)

Comprehension, Calculations, & Character For approximate skill level or chronological ages 6-8, or for older children with special needs who are already beginning readers.

• Classical Phonics (p. 41) • Rod & Staff Arithmetic 1 Flashcards, Teacher Manual, & Practice Sheets (p. 60) • A Child's Garden of Bible Stories (included in Level B, p. 46)

In this level, the student grows steadily in reading comprehension, arithmetic, and the cultivation of character. With intensive phonics, he hones skills for reading and spelling. He also receives practice with reading fluency through carefully selected stories.

Extended Literature Set (optional) $19.50 set

✓✓ New literature resources adapted for special needs ✓✓ Step-by-step exercises for successful writing ✓✓ Arithmetic lessons enhanced by “living books” ✓✓ A new oral spelling program ✓✓ 4-day lesson plans with optional 5th-day “Review” or 5th-day “Delve Deeply”

Literature, Science, History, & Geography Read-Alouds (optional) $240 set

Nate the Great, Frog and Toad Are Friends, Amelia Bedelia, and The Boxcar Children

Arithmetic Read-Alouds (optional) $50 set Ten Sly Piranhas: A Counting Story in Reverse, What's the Place Value?, How Many Seeds in a Pumpkin?, Double Play!

Monkeying Around with Addition, and Pattern (Math Counts)

Two Little Gardeners; Seven Little Postmen; Best Little Word Book Ever!; Mike Mulligan and His Steam Shovel; Stellaluna; Zipping, Zapping, Zooming Bats; How People Learned to Fly; The Little Island; The Reasons for Seasons; The Planets; A Children's Treasury of Lullabies; A Children's Treasury of Poems; Roxaboxen; Norman the Doorman; Cactus Hotel; The Pumpkin Book; Biggest, Strongest, Fastest; The Little House; Christmas Around the World; Saint Nicholas: The Real Story of the Christmas Legend; It's Snowing!; Katy and the Big Snow; Groundhog Day!; A-B-See; The Frogs and Toads All Sang; How a House Is Built; How Do Birds Find Their Way?; Make Way for Ducklings; Benny's Pennies; A Time to Keep

New Special-Needs materials Ages 6-8,

Ages 6-8,

chronological age or skill level

chronological age or skill level

$19.95 ea.

$14.95

(choose from Read-Aloud or Bible Story editions)

Simply Classical Writing:

Step-by-Step Sentences, Book 1

The "progressive" approach leaves beginning writers ill-prepared. This series combines classical copybook, grammar rules, and composition into one carefully sequenced series of explicit instruction, so students can practice early writing skills with confidence.

Simply Classical Spelling: Step-by-Step Words, Book 1

This series gives your struggling writer an incremental, multi-sensory approach with an oral/aural emphasis.

Each week includes targeted Word Study exercises to promote linguistic awareness, cognitive flexibility, and improved spelling skills.

Simply Classical StoryTime Treasures Ages 6-8, chronological age or skill level

$40 set (student, teacher, & 4 novels)

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$14.95 Student $7.95 Teacher Little Bear $3.95 Little Bear's Visit $3.95 Caps for Sale $6.99 Blueberries for Sal $7.99

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Blossoming readers need to discover the riches of a good story. With simplified exercises in word study, composition, and oration, this delightful guide provides a joyful introduction to children's literature.

Level A

Level B

$225 Core Package (all books + Curriculum Manual)

$185 Core Package (all books + Curriculum Manual)

$30 Curriculum Manual

$30 Curriculum Manual

only

only

Readiness, Rhythm, and Rhyme (Ages 2-3)*

Essentials, Etiquette, and Ear Training (Ages 3-4)*

Level A seeks to nurture wonder and language through an early love of books. It helps you strengthen your child's readiness skills through music, movement, and poetry. The child receives gentle lessons in colors, numbers, letters, vocabulary, shapes, Mother Goose rhymes, and prayers. Through the beauty of simple stories, lessons, and songs, Level A guides the child through improvement in each of these areas: oral language, fine-motor (small muscle) and gross-motor (large muscle) movement, and daily living skills.

Level B provides extensive practice in readiness skills with an emphasis on fine-motor skills. The child learns how to hold a pencil properly and how to color. Alphabet and number lessons integrate fine-motor practice every day. In Level B, the child learns manners. He practices saying please and thank you. He learns to win and lose games gracefully. To inspire a love of words, this level includes children's poetry set to beautiful music. Lessons introduce the names and sounds of letters, the names and values of numbers, as well as games, and stories. Through simple Bible stories, daily prayers, and memory verses from Holy Scriptures, the child learns of God's holiness, love, and mercy in Christ.

*For approximate skill level or chronological ages 2-3 (children with cognitive, language, or motor abilities at an introductory level).

Included: Simply Classical Curriculum Manual: Level A; Prayers for Children; Jesus Is With Me; Jesus Hears Me; Jesus Knows Me; Big Red Barn; The Best Mouse Cookie; Little Fur Family; Bunny's Noisy Book; From Head to Toe; Goodnight Moon; Polar Bear, Polar Bear, What Do You Hear?; Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See?; Numbers, Colors, Shapes; The Very Busy Spider; Good Night, Gorilla; The Tale of Peter Rabbit; Fuzzy Yellow Ducklings; My Very First Book of Shapes; ABC: Amazing Alphabet Book; Put Me in the Zoo; Hand, Hand, Fingers, Thumb; Cars and Trucks From A to Z; My First Counting Book; The Animals' Christmas Eve; Big Dog ... Little Dog; Mr. Brown Can Moo! Can You?; My First Real Mother Goose; 1 Is One

*For approximate skill level or chronological ages 3-4 (children ready for instruction in finemotor skills, manners, numbers, poetry, and knowledge of letter sounds).

Included: Simply Classical Curriculum Manual: Level B; A Child's Garden of Bible Stories; How Can I Help?; A Child's Garden of Verses; My First ABC Book; Richard Scarry's Please and Thank You; Prayer for a Child; Bible Pictures to Color; Counting With Numbers; Adventures With Books; Big Thoughts for Little People; Alphabet Coloring Book; Simply Classical Crafts, Book One; Alphabet Flashcards; Numbers Coloring Book; Richard Scarry's Best First Book Ever!; My First Body Board Book; My Big Animal Book; A Child's Garden of Songs CD; Back to the Garden CD; Do It Carefully; Everywhere We Go

Supplements: • Prayers for Children (included in Level A) $3.99 • Supplemental Read-Aloud Program $125

46

Special-Needs

www.ClassicalSpecialNeeds.com

Full-Year Classical Core Curriculum Packages for Special-Needs Students "Through exploring this curriculum, I was so pleased to discover that it really is simply using classical education methods for children with special needs. You know why?

Because classical education is an approach that really can work for any student." - Beth

Level C

Level 1

$200 Core Package (all books + Curriculum Manual) $30 Curriculum Manual

$350 Core Package (all books + Curriculum Manual)

only

$30 Curriculum Manual

Animals, Alphabet, and Aesop (Ages 4-5)* Level C helps your child gain a stronger memory, better listening skills, a longer attention span, and a sense of amazement. Guide your child through an amazing study of animals, even while he learns the alphabet and numbers. Level C helps prepare the child for reading, writing, and early arithmetic. In this highly integrated program, alphabet lessons correspond to animal studies, books, and memory verses, while read-alouds coordinate with oral language and fine-motor activities.

Recitations and review help foster mastery of knowledge. *For approximate skill level or chronological ages 4-5 or older special-needs children who need a year of instruction before beginning to read. Even the older child who needs remediation in oral language or letters of the alphabet will appreciate the content of this level.

Included: Simply Classical Curriculum Manual: Level C; The ABC Bible Verse Book; Richard Scarry's The Best Mother Goose Ever; Going on Eagerly; Alphabet Books One & Two; Numbers Books One & Two; First Start Reading, Book A; First Start Reading, Teacher Guide; Christian Liberty Nature Reader K; Simply Classical Crafts, Book Two; Animal Alphabet; Animals, Animals; Aesop's Fables for Children; Classical Phonics; My Very Own Scissors Book; Letters and Numbers Desk Charts; Finding the Answers; Hearing & Helping

Supplements: • Prayers for Children (included in Level A) $3.99 • Supplemental Read-Aloud Program $335

Simply Classical Letters & Numbers Desk Charts (Sold in Level C)

Ages 4-7, chronological age or skill level

Reinforce your teaching with desk charts formatted to accompany lessons. Bold, targeted letters assist visual discrimination.

1-877-862-1097

$14.95

only

Sentences, Sums, & Stories (Ages 5-6)* In Level 1, your child becomes a student. With explicit, step-by-step instruction, you will help him grow in reading, writing, and arithmetic skills. We provide tactile, sensory, and movement activities to help you teach your student to: • • • •

read and write words and sentences achieve mastery of foundational arithmetic facts and skills learn timeless biblical stories with memory verses appreciate beautiful books

Enjoy his delight with Level 1: Wonder, Beauty, and Imagination, a gently paced introduction to literature, poetry, music, art, history, geography, science, and the world. Share his joy as he acquires knowledge and confidence through this unique curriculum designed especially for children with special learning needs. *For approximate skill level or chronological ages 5-7, or for older children with special needs who are ready to learn to read and write.

Included: Simply Classical Curriculum Manual: Level 1; Phonics From A to Z; Primary Phonics Readers Sets 1, 2, & 3; Core Skills Phonics K & 1; First Start Reading: Books A-D; Fun in the Sun; Soft and White; Scamp and Tramp; The Story Bible; The Creation Story for Children; A Child’s Book of Poems; This First Thanksgiving Day: A Counting Story; Hailstones and Halibut Bones; Kindergarten and First Grade Art Cards; The Days Gone By CD; Rod & Staff Math 1: Part 1 (Student, Flashcards, Teacher, and Practice Sheets); Best Counting Book Ever; My Nature Journal; Simply Classical Copybook I; GeoPuzzle Animals

Supplements: • First Start Reading Teacher Guide $14.95 (included in Level C) • Classical Phonics $15.95 (included in Level C) • Simply Classical Letters & Numbers Desk Charts $12.95 (included in Level C) • Supplemental Read-Aloud Program $150 • Science and Enrichment Set $125

Special-Needs

47

The

Well-Formed Person Why classical educators needn't apologize for engaging in "useless studies."

by Cheryl Swope

From ancient times, classical or formative education sought to cultivate both a student's mind and character.

48

The Well-Formed Person

The education we now call “classical” is our heritage as human beings. With roots reaching back to the greatest teachers and philosophers of all time, a classical education forms the student’s mind, character, and tastes by inclining him toward truth, goodness, and beauty.

We trace classical education to the ancient Greeks, who prized wisdom and excellence. With the writings and teachings of the ancient Greeks, the ancient Romans educated men to become statesmen and orators. In the Middle Ages, scholars and theologians, who had preserved Greek and Roman classical writings along with sacred writings from Holy Scripture, transformed this body of learning into what we now call classical Christian education.

During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the benefits of this education were extended to peasants and paupers.

Classical teachers today respect and uphold the great pedagogical tradition that formed Western civilization because, far more than distinct cognitive stages or scheduled learning cycles, a classical education embodies the humbling realization that true education forms the soul of the individual himself.

From ancient times, classical or formative education sought to cultivate both a student's mind and character.

www.Memoria Press.com

direct object "skirt.") In Personal Finance, the student Only somewhat recently in human history has this balances a checkbook. In Woodworking, he planes aim begun to change. With psychologizing views a board. Under such a system, a child might ask of of the progressive education movement and the academic coursework, beautiful music, or exquisite economic desires fueled by the Industrial Revolution, literature, “Why do I have to study this, if I will education was transformed into a more pragmatic never use it in my daily life?” Adults accustomed to social endeavor. utilitarian education may have no answer. They may Converging philosophical changes created the oddly even lead the criticism: “Why does my child need homogenous, yet lamentably ineffective, assemblygeometry? He's not going to be a mathematician!” line or conveyor-belt form of education we see today.

A child who graduates with a utilitarian Rather than formative academies for the disciplined, education may find a job; however, he may also humane, and beautiful cultivation of wisdom, virtue, find himself unable to contemplate great literature, and eloquence, schools began to emphasize readying ideas, music, art, nature, or morality. He may students for employment and socialization. know little about philosophy or theology, or even The resurgence of classical education today comes himself. He may be poorly from the desire to enable our equipped for the deeper children to think well, read matters of his life, such well, write well, and to seek A Beautiful Education for Any Child as noble service to others, that which is true, good, and

by Cheryl Swope perseverance through trials, beautiful. Classical educators an appreciation of beauty know that a well-educated, Text $24.95 | eBook $22.00 and truth, or sacrificial love. well-formed individual will This book guides parents and teachers When we disregard the be equipped for any challenge in implementing the beauty of a historically formative nature in life and any career for classical education with special-needs and struggling students. The love of history, music, literature, and Latin of education, we fail to which he is suited. He will instilled in her own children by a classical education nurture the broad thinking specialize, not from infancy, created in Cheryl the desire to share the message that skills that enable an but only after he has received classical education offers benefits to any child. understanding of the world this formative education. The and the student’s place in it. liberal arts teach necessary A formative education is for the formation of the language and mathematical skills, while the liberal student himself. Its verbs are intransitive; they have sciences—natural, moral, and theological—reveal no direct objects.2 While a classical education teaches knowledge of the world, mankind, and God. countless skills in language and mathematical arts, the Classical educators may wonder whether they should overarching desire is for students to discern, to thrive, apologize for offering such seemingly frivolous and to serve, to know, to live. In classical education, the esoteric content as logic, poetry, Latin, Greek, music cultivation of the human being is sufficient in itself.3 theory, geometry, and astronomy. To those who advocate A classical education demands perseverance only the practical arts, these studies will seem "useless." from both teacher and student, but the formative This criticism is not new. Listen to the words of Socrates effects are deep and lasting. We can reclaim the recorded by Plato hundreds of years before Christ: education of our heritage as human beings. Today’s "I am amused," I said, "at your fear of the world, which highly teachable resources equip and educate even makes you guard against the appearance of insisting those of us who did not receive a classical education upon useless studies; and I quite admit the difficulty of ourselves. Let us give our students an effective, convincing men that in every soul there is an organ which elevating, formative education. Our efforts will is purified and illumined by these studies, when by other pursuits lost and dimmed; and this eye of the soul is more impact every child we teach, and this impact will precious far than ten thousand bodily ones; for this alone reach far beyond our own age.

Simply Classical:

holds the vision of truth. Now there are two classes of persons: one class who will agree in this and will take your words as a revelation; another class who have no perception of the thing meant...." 1

“Learn by doing” characterizes progressive education with its early, narrow specialization. Note the abundance of direct objects. In Home Economics, the student sews a skirt. (The verb "sews" has its

1-877-862-1097

The Republic, Book VII. For a thorough explanation of the intransitive nature of a liberal arts education and the transitive nature of instrumental education, see Sister Miriam Joseph, The Trivium, (Philadelphia: Paul Dry Books, 2002).

3 For a more complete treatment of progressive vs. classical, instrumental vs. formative, see Simply Classical: A Beautiful Education for Any Child (Memoria Press, 2013).

1 2

The Well-Formed Person

49

Primary School Literature

Grade 1 $40 Set: StoryTime Treasures (guide + novels)

$52 Set: More StoryTime Treasures

StoryTime Treasures

More StoryTime Treasures

StoryTime Treasures Guide $14.95 Little Bear $3.95 Little Bear's Visit $3.95 Caps for Sale $6.99 Blueberries for Sal $7.99 Make Way for Ducklings $7.99

More StoryTime Treasures Guide $14.95 Billy and Blaze $5.99 Blaze and the Forest Fire $5.99 The Story About Ping $3.99 Keep the Lights Burning, Abbie $6.95 Stone Soup $6.99 The Little House $6.95 Miss Rumphius $7.99

(guide + novels)

StoryTime Treasures

More StoryTime Treasures

Teacher Key $10.00

(for StoryTime & More StoryTime)

Grade 2 $65 Set (student guides & key)

$115 Set + Novels (student guides, key, & novels)

Student Guides $11.95 ea.

Teacher Key $12.95 Animal Folk Tales of America $12.95 Prairie School $3.99 The Courage of Sarah Noble $4.99 Little House in the Big Woods $6.99 Beatrix Potter novels $6.99 ea.

Animal Folk Tales of America

Prairie School

The Courage Little House in Tales from of Sarah Noble the Big Woods Beatrix Potter

Grammar School Literature

Grade 3 $95 Set (student & teacher guides)

$125 Set + Novels

Student Guides $11.95 ea.

Teacher Guides $12.95 ea.

Farmer Boy $8.99 Charlotte's Web $8.99 A Bear Called Paddington $9.99 Mr. Popper's Penguins $6.99

(guides & novels)

Grade 4 $95 Set (student & teacher guides)

$137 Set + Novels

$69 Set (student & teacher guides)

$94 Set + Novels

$95 Set (student & teacher guides)

$118 Set + Novels (guides & novels)

50

Literature

A Bear Called Paddington

Mr. Popper's Penguins

The Cricket in Times Square

Homer Price

The Blue Fairy Book

Dangerous Journey

The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe

Heidi

Lassie Come-Home

Adam of the Road

The Door in the Wall

Robin Hood

Student Guides $11.95 ea.

Teacher Guides $12.95 ea.

The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe $8.99 Heidi $4.99 Lassie Come-Home $7.99

(guides & novels)

Grade 6

Charlotte's Web

Student Guides $11.95 ea.

Teacher Guides $12.95 ea.

The Cricket in Times Square $6.99 Homer Price $5.99 The Blue Fairy Book $10.00 Dangerous Journey $25.00

(guides & novels)

Grade 5

Farmer Boy

Student Guides $11.95 ea.

Teacher Guides $12.95 ea.

Adam of the Road $6.99 The Door in the Wall $5.99 Robin Hood $4.99 King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table $4.99

King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table

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Developing Superior Readers

R

eading requires an active, discriminating mind that is challenged to think, compare, and contrast. Students who have been challenged by good literature will develop into superior readers and will never be satisfied with poor-quality books. Each novel has been carefully selected to nourish your child's soul and improve his reading skills. The study guides focus on vocabulary, spelling, comprehension, and composition—skills that train students to become active readers.

MIX &

MATCH

Mix and match any 10 or more Memoria Press literature guides and receive 15% off your literature guide purchase!

upper School literature

Grade 7 $95 Set (student & teacher guides)

$129 Set + Novels

Student Guides $11.95 ea.

Teacher Guides $12.95 ea.

The Trojan War $6.95 Anne of Green Gables $9.95 The Bronze Bow $6.95 The Hobbit $10.99

(guides & novels)

Grade 8 $95 Set (student & teacher guides)

$129 Set + Novels (guides & novels)

Grade 9 $95 Set (student & teacher guides)

$140 Set + Novels (guides & novels)

Student Guides $11.95 ea.

Teacher Guides $12.95 ea.

Treasure Island $9.95 The Wind in the Willows $9.95 As You Like It $9.95 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer $9.95

Student Guides $11.95 ea.

Teacher Guides $12.95 ea.

Beowulf, the Warrior $10.95 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight $12.00 The Canterbury Tales $14.95 Henry V $5.99

The Trojan War

Anne of Green Gables

The Bronze Bow

The Hobbit

Treasure Island

The Wind in the Willows

As You Like It

The Adventures of Tom Sawer

Beowulf, the Warrior

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

The Canterbury Tales

Henry V

Alternative literature Choices

Grades 3-4

Grades 5-7

Grades 8+

Grades 9+

Grades 9+

Grades 9+

Grades 9+

The Moats

The Twenty-One Balloons

To Kill a Mockingbird

Robinson Crusoe Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95 Novel $7.95

The Merchant of Venice

The Scarlet Letter

Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95 Novel $14.99

A Midsummer Night's Dream Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95 Novel $9.95

Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95 Novel $5.95

Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95 Novel $6.95

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Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95 Novel $6.99

Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95 Novel $7.95

Literature

51

Composition Grades 1-2

Grades 3-5

Grades 3-5

$29.00

$29.00

$189.00

Bible Heroes: Writing Lessons in Structure and Style

All Things Fun & Fascinating: Writing

Teaching Writing:

Humorous characters and fascinating creatures will help young students enjoy learning to write with structure and style.

This inspiring seminar will transform the way you teach writing! You will learn how to incrementally teach students to write with clear structure and compelling style.

Structure & Style (Teacher Training Course)

Lessons in Structure and Style

Students will get to know the heroes of the Bible while working through six of IEW's nine units in this course.

A variety of games teach vocabulary, reinforce elements of style, and add to the fun!

Includes 9 Seminar DVDs, 3 Student demo DVDS, a 240-page binder, and a one-year Premium Content Subscription to exclusive online materials.

Both courses come with the IEW Structure and Style Overview DVD for teacher training and a free download of the teacher e-book.

Grades 3+ Student $10.00 Key $10.00

Introduction to Composition This introductory program focuses on narration, outlining, dictation, and copywork. The goal is to help students become more proficient in listening and writing skills, a great preparation for Classical Composition. This year-long writing course uses focus passages from Charlotte's Web, Farmer Boy, and The Moffats.

English Grammar Grades 3-6 Student $11.95 ea.

Teacher $12.95 ea.

English Grammar Recitation $9.95

English Grammar Recitation Grade 3: Workbook I, Year One Grade 5: Workbook III, Year Three

Grade 4: Workbook II, Year Two Grade 6: Workbook IV, Year Four

Memoria Press’ English Grammar Recitation is a manual of approximately 150 grammar questions, answers, and examples designed to be studied and memorized much like a catechism. It is perfect for the serious Latin student who needs an English grammar program that coordinates with his study of Latin over the five years of Latina Christiana through the Forms series. Each two-page lesson covers two to three grammar questions along with practice exercises. English Grammar Recitation also covers common capitalization and punctuation rules by means of concise style sheets.

It is hoped that this course can be completed in much less time than the typical English grammar course, leaving more time for composition and Latin.

Poetry Grades 3-7

Grades 7+

Grades 8+

Student $14.95 Teacher $16.95

Text $19.95 Student $14.95 Teacher $16.95

Poetry I Text $19.95 Poetry I Student $14.95 Poetry I Teacher $16.95 Poetry II Text $19.95 Poetry III Text $19.95

52

Poetry for the Grammar Stage

Poetry & Short Stories:

$30.00 (student, teacher)

$45.00 (text, student, teacher)

Intended for use over the grammar school years, this guide includes questions to help analyze the meanings of poems, including vocabulary work. Poems increase in difficulty as students move through the book each year.

Revisit the Old World elegance of Irving’s prose and the range of Poe’s romanticism.

Enjoy the Fireside Poets—Longfellow, Whittier, and Holmes. Rediscover the rich, varied authenticity of American literature with this anthology & study guide.

American Literature

Composition, English Grammar, & Poetry

Poetry Anthologies In these anthologies, we have selected simply the best-written poems in British history. They are a great supplement to your student's literature studies in these time periods.

Poetry, Prose, & Drama (Book I): The Old English & Medieval Periods Poetry (Book II): The Elizabethan to the Augustan Age Poetry (Book III): The Romantic to the Victorian Age

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Take Classical Composition online!

Online Academy p. 31

Classical Composition

by James A. Selby Student $19.95 ea.

Teacher $29.95 ea.

DVDs $45.00 ea. (available for Fable, Narrative,

Chreia & Maxim, Refutation & Confirmation, and Common Topic)

Set $85.00 ea. (student, teacher, DVDs for any stage) Grades 4+ Grades 5+ Grades 6+ Grades 7+ Grades 8+ Grades 9+ Grades 10+ Grades 10+ Grades 11+

Fable Narrative Chreia & Maxim Refutation & Confirmation Common Topic Encomium, Invective, & Comparison Characterization Description Thesis & Law

W

hat if you could teach your child using the same writing program that produced such masters of the language as John Milton, William Shakespeare, and Benjamin Franklin? What if you could have the same basic composition curriculum used by Quintilian, the greatest teacher of ancient rhetoric, and Cicero, the greatest persuasive speaker of all time?

Ancient writers invented a way of teaching writing known as the progymnasmata, which provided a method of teaching composition that not only taught budding writers a disciplined way to approach communication, but also helped them appeal to the heads of their audience.

The 14 exercises, organized from the simplest and most basic to the most complex and sophisticated, were the core education of a classical speaker, designed to produce what Quintilian once called, "the good man, speaking well."

Jim Selby has blown the dust off of the writing curriculum that was used in schools for over 1,500 years and put it in an easy-toteach format that will revolutionize your curriculum. Presented clearly and systematically, Classical Composition will give you a clear road map to writing excellence.

Starting Classical Composition Late?

No Problem!

We recommend that students begin Classical Composition in 4th or 5th grade, so students beginning in 6th grade or higher may want to complete two courses a year in order to catch up. Now you can purchase any two sets at a reduced package price. This allows students to complete two stages at an accelerated pace in the course of a year until they are caught up, helping them to develop their writing skills quickly.

$120.00 set (student & teacher guides with DVDs for any two stages)

View Classical Composition samples online: www.MemoriaPress.com

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Classical HeadingComposition Goes Here

53

The Freedom to Fail

by David M. Wright

"Failure sometimes enlarges the spirit. You have to fall back upon humanity and God." — Charles Horton Cooley

I

n classical rhetoric, the divisio is the section of a persuasive speech that presents the division, the point at which the topic is divided into two opposing perspectives. Granted, many differences exist between traditional and modern education, yet where do the most fundamental of these divisions lie? What is the divisio when it comes to the topic (or "issue") of education?

I believe that the major point of division lies in the concept of freedom, and moreover, in a certain aspect of freedom seldom considered: the freedom to fail.

In classical antiquity and in the Middle Ages, the artes liberales—what —what we call the "liberal arts"—were, translated literally, the "arts pertaining to (or befitting) a free man." These seven arts (grammar, logic, rhetoric; arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music) were not “arts” as we think of them today, but rather skills used to train a free man— skills that were thought worthy of a free man. They were geared toward the intellectual professions, and for general intellectual expansion. Furthermore, they engendered freedom for those immersed in their study. Yet what was entailed in this “freedom”? What did it mean to be a “free person”?

The freedom a person acquired through immersion in the liberal arts was multi-faceted.

First, it involved the relational—it —it granted one the ability to engage in effective citizenship, to defend oneself in

54

The Freedom to Fail

court, to debate in the public square, or, for some, to govern the polis. Second, this freedom involved the personal—it granted one the agency or power to rule oneself by means of the mind. As Marcus Aurelius would say, “Our life is what our thoughts make it.”

And third, it involved the fundamental importance and necessity of failure—it allowed one the freedom to fail.

But before we consider the value of failure in traditional education, let us consider Plato’s allegory of the soul from Phaedrus and the Republic. Plato says that just as each person has three components—mind, body, and soul—the soul itself can be divided into three parts. For Plato, this helps explain the process the soul undergoes on its path toward enlightenment, on its great journey heavenward to behold pure truth, the perfect world of the forms—to stand upon the “heaven which is above the heavens”: There abides the very being with which true knowledge is concerned; the colourless, formless, intangible essence, visible only to mind, the pilot of the soul. The divine intelligence, being nurtured upon mind and pure knowledge, and the intelligence of every soul which is capable of receiving the food proper to it, rejoices at

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honor, and revere the nature of things. Yet we often fall short in our imitation of and reverence for both God and nature; and in this, we fail.

But we do not try to change or invalidate the objectivity of God or nature, as many in modern education do with their focus on the self as object, on Plato’s tripartite image of the soul is a pair of winged the self as measurement—in a utilitarian or hedonistic horses and a charioteer. The charioteer represents process in which the end is pride, pleasure, or material reason, the rational part that must direct the soul success—evidenced by a child-centered pedagogy, toward truth and wisdom (body analogue: the head). lighter curriculum, and grade inflation. This is not The noble white horse on the right represents the will, freedom, but imprisonment, built upon self-deceit and the spirited part that loves honor, victory, and courage a perversion of objective reality. (body analogue: the heart). The homely black horse Failure remains a blessing because it gives us on the left represents the appetites, the lustful part crucial glimpses of our distance from God and from that loves all the physical pleasures, such as nature. Since we innately seek order, harmony, gluttony, greed, and concupiscence and truth, we cannot help but continually (body analogue: the belly). attempt to harmonize our relationship The great Importantly though, neither to the objective. Failure, then, is horse is good or bad nothing more than a telling division between traditional in and of itself. The calibration of the distance education and modern education black horse has the between our imperfection and potential for virtue God's perfection, the part and lies in their respective relationships in temperance; just as the whole, the sinner and to failure. The former has always the white horse has theosis (Christlikeness). the potential for vice in Failure liberates, just as understood the necessity and value anger and envy. So then, confession and repentance do, of failure. the charioteer (mind/ by enabling us to once again see reason) must direct the two just who we are and who God is; by winged horses on their ascent, enabling us to see how far our language keeping each under control, moving has fallen when we read Dickens or Bronte; in the same direction, and working in concert. by enabling us to know clearly whether we have Traditional education, through its emphasis on the mastered the forms of Latin, or not. Then, of course, development of the intellect by means of the liberal we catch a flash of the actual nature of a thing, arts, cultivated freedom in a most Platonic way: the and treat it accordingly. When we fail, we see the free person rules himself; he is not enslaved by his objective shining in all of its ineffable sublimity; and passions. His ordered soul ascends heavenward to the by our nature we seek it, failure after failure. In this realm of perfect truth and love. The head rules the recognition, true freedom begins. As C. H. Cooley belly through the heart; or said another way, reason wisely said, "The liberated man is free to fail." rules the passions through the will.

The great division between traditional education and modern education lies in their respective relationships to failure. The former Pre-order today! has always understood the necessity and value of failure. Traditional education seeks to align its written by William Shakespeare function, purpose, and relationship to the gods (in David M. Wright classical antiquity) or God (in Western Christendom) and nature. The triadic concept of nature comprised Is Romeo and Juliet the greatest love story?

Our postmodern age revels in the passion and human nature, the nature of learning, and the nature romance of the young lovers, but perhaps we of reality. Crucially, both God and nature are objective overlook crucial subtleties in the text. This Grades 9+ standards. In traditional education, we aim to imitate, beholding reality, and once more gazing upon truth, is replenished and made glad … In the revolution she beholds justice, and temperance, and knowledge absolute, not in the form of generation or of relation, which men call existence, but knowledge absolute in existence absolute …1

Romeo and Juliet

1

Plato, Phaedrus. http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/phaedrus.html

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Text $5.95 Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95

study guide seeks to exercise your reading, writing, and thinking, and to illumine your understanding—helping you explore and determine where the actual tragedy lies.

The Freedom to Fail

55

Science & nature Grades 3+

Grades 3+

Grades 4+

Student $14.95 Teacher $16.95 The World of Animals $24.99 What Is a Mammal? $7.95 What Is the Animal Kingdom? $7.95

Student $14.95 Teacher $16.95

Text $14.95 Student $14.95 Teacher $16.95 eBook $12.00 Peterson Guide $7.95

The Book of Astronomy

The Book of Insects

Lessons from The World of Animals

$31.90 set (student & teacher)

$48.00 set (text, student, teacher, Peterson Guide)

$65.00 set (student, teacher, The World of Animals,

Do you know the story of the sky?

One of the most important themes of classical education is order.

Using the system of the Greeks and Romans, your student will cover stars, constellations, the motion of the earth, and the zodiac. The perfect way to order the stars! For children of all ages.

With a classic reader that takes a narrative approach to the life of insects and a workbook that takes your student through the different kinds of insects, this course will enthrall your student by taking creatures many of us revile and making out of them a fascinating study!

Mammals:

What Is a Mammal?, What Is the Animal Kingdom?)

Young students love to study animals! Our Mammals Study Guide uses The World of Animals as the primary text, alongside What Is the Animal Kingdom? and What Is a Mammal? The study includes rodents, elephants, primates, marsupials, and much more! Students will answer comprehension questions and draw the animals they are studying. The Teacher Guide includes quizzes and tests.

Art & Music Grade 3

Kindergarten Art Cards (5"x7") $9.95 Kindergarten Art Posters (11"x17") $35.00

$19.95

First Grade Art Cards (5"x7") $9.95 First Grade Art Posters (11"x17") $35.00 Second Grade Art Cards (5"x7") $9.95 Second Grade Art Posters (11"x17") $35.00

Art Cards & Posters

Enrich your child's primary educational experience with beautiful pieces of art from the most influential artistic movements in history, including the Renaissance, Romanticism, Impressionism, and more! These supplements are coordinated with our primary Classical Core Curriculum sets. Our art cards have been hugely popular: The best paintings by the best painters that you can hold in your hand.

And now, we have printed larger versions of these beautiful paintings that you can display each week on your wall. Great art. Supersized.

Creating Art

Lessons & Projects for the Grammar Stage This curriculum is designed to challenge students and to develop an appreciation for art.

Students will begin with color theory and basic art techniques. They will create projects that relate to literature, science, Mesopotamian and Egyptian art, portraits, landscapes, still life, and much more!

Exploring America’s Musical Heritage:

Discovering Music:

In this course, Professor Carol—along with 38 other historians, scholars, and artists— takes you on a journey through America’s musical history. The arts give us a valuable way to connect with the past. When we sing the songs our great-grandparents learned around a campfire, read the poems they recited, and study the paintings or quilts they created, we visit the past in a tangible way.

We connect with our legacy.

This program features a DVD of Professor Carol as she travels the world using music as the window into the history of thought and culture, along with a unit-by-unit Teacher's Manual to step you through it. Music has always been central to classical education, and by connecting music history to political and cultural history, we make all of history more memorable. Discovering Music brings Western culture alive for students.

300 Years of Interaction in Western Music, Art, History, and Culture with Dr. Carol Reynolds

Through Art, Literature, and Culture with Dr. Carol Reynolds

Grades 5+

Limited-Time Memoria Press Offer: $39.95 (2 DVDs totaling more than 4 hours)

Supplementary articles, interviews, and notes are available on Professor Carol's website.

Grades 8+

Limited-Time Memoria Press Offer: $149 (Complete Curriculum + Teacher Manual CD)

Complete Curriculum $179 (8 DVDs, 3 audio CDs, & course book)

Teacher Manual CD $12.95

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Science, Nature, Art, & Music

Course also available online. See MemoriaPress. com/DiscoveringMusic for details.

www.MemoriaPress.com

The Book of Trees

Grades 6+

Grades 6+

Grades 8+

Text $14.95 Student $14.95 Teacher $16.95 Peterson Guide $7.95 Tree Book for Kids and Their Grown-ups $15.95

Text $21.95 Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95

Physical Science $75.00 Resource CD $50.00

$59.00 set (text, student, teacher, field guide, Tree Book) Does your student know that the very gift of breath is the result of oxygen that trees and plants put into the air? Or that trees and plants provide sustenance for all life on earth? Our Trees Reader, along with a student workbook and teacher key, will teach your student the different parts and different kinds of plants, the processes of photosynthesis and respiration, and about flowers and fruits and other wonders of creation.

Nature's Beautiful Order

Novare Physical Science

Christopher O. Blum & John A. Cuddeback

(2nd Ed.) John D. Mays

$45.00 set (text, student, teacher)

Novare is committed to a masterylearning paradigm. Accurate explanations, and a thorough treatment of the foundational principles of the physical sciences characterize this course from start to finish. The Resource CD includes quizzes, teacher keys, weekly review guides, experiment manual, suggested answers to verbal questions, an annual schedule, and more!

This introduction to natural history instills in the beginning student of biology a love for the beauty and intelligibility of the animal kingdom through the eyes of classical naturalists like John James Audubon and Jean-Henri Fabre, who were some of the greatest observational biologists of all time.

Grades 5+

Grades 9+

Text $14.95 Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95 Peterson Guide $7.95 Coloring Book $8.95 Flashcards (31 per set) $9.95

General Chemistry $90.00 Resource CD $50.00 Solutions Manual $28.00 Student Lab Report Handbook $22.50

Novare General Chemistry

What’s That Bird?

John D. Mays

$55.00 set (text, student, teacher, field guide, coloring book, flashcards)

This fresh, lucid text brings students into the real world of chemistry with beautiful color images, charts, and graphs. The history of chemistry, real-world exercises, and modern-day applications are integrated in a way that makes this textbook especially rich. The Resource CD contains course overview, exams, quizzes, answer keys, and a lesson schedule. Experiment manual sold separately. Designed for high school students.

Study the anatomy of birds and how they live. Workbook includes facts to know, comprehension questions, and characteristics of each bird.

Students will learn 31 common birds, as well as several incredible birds!

Add Tiner's Exploring the History of Medicine and make it a full-year science course:

$72.00 set (What's That Bird? set + Exploring the History of Medicine text, student, and teacher)

"Mastery, Integration, and Kingdom perspective ..." www.novarescienceandmath.com

Grades 5-9 Text $13.99 ea.

Student Questions $5.00 ea.

Teacher Key & Tests $8.00 ea.

Choose From: Exploring the History of Medicine Exploring Planet Earth Exploring the World of Mathematics Exploring the World of Chemistry Exploring the World of Physics Exploring the World of Biology Exploring the World of Astronomy

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John H. Tiner's Science We love John H. Tiner's science books for middle school students. He writes from a biblical perspective and has won numerous awards for his books on science and medicine for young people. They are excellent introductions to the people and places central to the planet earth, the history of medicine, biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics, and, most recently, astronomy. These illustrated books have review questions and activities after every chapter, and Memoria Press has added additional supplemental review questions to each chapter, unit reviews, unit tests, and a final exam for each book in the series.

Science & Nature

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. s

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a a c n u

d o i E t i e

d a es

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v i s

o r P

nC

by

E

veryone agrees that education is a good thing.

Unfortunately, the agreement prett y much ends there. Although almost everyone agrees that education is good, there is wide disagreement on what education is.

Since the beginning of the twentieth century, there has been a sometimes heated debate, not only about what schools should do, but what they should be.

Generally speaking, there are two sides in this debate.

On one side are the traditionalists, made up mostly of parents, but including older teachers and private school teachers. Traditionalism still holds sway in many private Christian schools. Classical education is a species of traditonalism that retains the older emphasis on classic literature and languages.

On the other side are the progressives, made up mostly of educational professionals. Progressives dominate teachers colleges and educational publishing companies and control almost all of the professional academic journals and education publications that professional educators read. Almost all professional

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Traditional vs. Progressive Education

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n

ra

h ot

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development programs for teachers in public schools are conducted from a progressivist perspective.

The first and most important difference between the two philosophies has to do with how they conceive of education and what they think it is for.

What Education Is For For traditionalists, schools are academic institutions with a more purely academic purpose, which is to develop the mental ability of students in particular, and more generally to pass on the Western cultural heritage to the next generation. Classical schools maintain the emphasis on the full range of the Western culture and tradition, but even many non-classical private Christian schools, although they may not be fully aware of their debt to Greece and Rome, still emphasize those aspects of traditional American education that are grounded in Western ideas and values.

Progressives, on the other hand, see schools more as social service agencies whose purpose is to prepare them for the social, political, and economic realities of

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modern life. This would include job skills training, Increasingly, modern progressivists reject the idea certain forms of social indoctrination, and a certain that there is any one culture or academic curriculum amount of psychological conditioning. that should be taught to all children. Education, they Traditionalism isn't necessarily against all of these say, should be "child-centered, not subject-centered." things, but it recognizes that they are approached best Western culture in particular has fallen in popularity indirectly and only as by-products acquired while among many of those who run today's schools. pursuing academic ends.

Sometimes other cultures are held up as worthy of While job skills training for progressives would study. It is not uncommon to hear the objection that, for involve instruction in specific skills needed for specific example, the classical education movement has a singlekinds of work, the traditionalist considers instruction minded emphasis on Western culture, and that students in basic skills—in addition to higher kinds of thinking should be familiarized with Eastern culture as well. But skills acquired through the study of grammar, although this is a valuable objective, and one which logic, rhetoric—and math skills to be the best is, in fact, pursued in most classical programs, Everyone preparation for any job. The familiarity those educators who champion nonwith history and classic literature, traditional educational approaches seldom agrees that because of the ideals and values gained actually accomplish the multi-culturalism education is good, through the reading of it, would they champion. They more often end but there is wide be considered to contribute to the up teaching the dogmas of the modern formation of a more employable person. disagreement on what Western monoculture that dominate Social and political indoctrination among elites in developed countries that education is. for progressives commonly manifests has little resemblance with the beliefs and itself in an emphasis on issues like values of Eastern or other native cultures. In environmentalism and multiculturalism. Recent any case, our education system has an obligation national sccience standards, for example, place a great to master our own culture before studying other ones. deal of stress on climate change. Traditionalists tend In practical reality, the utilitarian, career-oriented to avoid stressing particular political or social beliefs, emphasis of progressivism simply results in a fractured and instead place an emphasis on a more broad kind and highly unstructured course of studies that would of civics education that emphasizes an understanding be difficult to call a curriculum at all. If a parent were and appreciation of America's unique political order to ask those running the typical modern public school through a more academic familiarity with the story of what his child could be expected to learn in a particular America's founding, and the more objective treatment grade, he would find it difficult to get a coherent of the nation's history and culture through time. answer. This is because most schools really don't have And while the progressivists consider an a cohesive curriculum, and whatever curriculum one understanding of child psychology as essential for a school may have will in all likelihood be quite different teacher, and the practice of certain therapeutic exercises from that of another school in another district, or even in the classroom as part of a teacher's role, traditionalists another school in the same part of town. tend to stress the kind of moral literacy that can be This situation is exacerbated by the fact that, gleaned from the humanities, as well as training the unlike most European countries, the United States affections through the reading of the Bible and, for the has no national curriculum. And periodic attempts to classical educator, classical history and literature. impose such a common curriculum almost inevitably fail because of a cultural disconnect between the What Schools Should Teach educational establishment and the general populace.

The second difference between these two Numerous attempts at trying to establish national philosophies has to do with what, in fact, schools history or English standards always end up being should teach. Traditionalists believe in an academic destroyed in the flames of partisan controversy. The curriculum that teaches mastery of basic skills in consequence is that there is no actual curricular the primary grades and the more sophisticated sequence a student is expected to progress through. language and math skills of the liberal arts in the This problem is less pronounced in math higher grades. They also teach the basic facts of and science, in which there is still an Western cultural history and thought. Perhaps more acknolwedged scope and sequence, importantly, it seeks to inculcate the ideals and values but in the language arts and the that have formed the basis of the moral order that has humanities, the lack of undergirded American civilization and the European curricular structure is and classical civilizations on which it was founded. particularly pronounced.

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Traditional vs. Progressive Education

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Math Kindergarten Numbers Book: Part One $15.00 | Numbers Book: Part Two $15.00 FlashKids Addition Flashcards $3.95 | FlashKids Subtraction Flashcards $3.95 Rod & Staff Grade 1: Student Book Part 1 (3rd Ed.) $6.95 | Practice Sheets (3rd Ed.) $16.50 | Teacher Manual (3rd Ed.) $20.95

Grade 1 Rod & Staff Grade 1: Student Book Part 1 (3rd Ed.) $6.95 | Student Book Part 2 (3rd Ed.) $6.95 | Practice Sheets (3rd Ed.) $16.50 | Teacher Manual (3rd Ed.) $20.95 | Speed Drills (3rd Ed.) $4.90

Grade 2 Rod & Staff Grade 2: Student Book Unit 1 $5.25 | Student Book Unit 2 $3.50 | Student Book Unit 3 $5.25 | Student Book Unit 4 $4.50 | Student Book Unit 5 $4.50 | Teacher Manual, Units 1-2 $7.95 | Teacher Manual, Units 3-5 $10.95 | Blacklines $10.25

In the more traditional American schools of the nineteenth century, students knew where they were in the implicit curriculum that was presented to them in their school readers. In the days of the McGuffey readers and other similar texts, if a student was asked how far along they were, they answered that they were in "the middle of the third reader," or "just beginning the fourth reader." All these readers followed a similar scope and sequence and there were common cultural touchstones they all sought to reference. And even in those rural schools that had little money for books, the teacher generally had the outlines of the common curriculum of her time in her head. She knew the system of arithmetic and taught it the way she had learned it. She knew the system of letter-sound correspondences and basic phonetic rules and stepped her students through the English phonetic system. She also knew the more simple common cultural reference points that were manifested in the stories of famous characters of history and literature.

Although today's traditional education is not quite as simple and straightforward as that which characterized earlier education in this country, there is still a significant commonality in the programs used; for example in most Christian schools, where traditionalism still thrives.

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Traditional vs. Progressive Education

How Students Should Be Taught In addition to a certain curriculum, which is a matter of what students should be taught, traditional educators have always believed in a certain method of teaching, which is a matter of how they should be taught.

Generally speaking, progressives reject the academic, subject-centered educational view of the traditionalists in favor of a more romanticist "childcentered" approach taught in a non-directive way. They spurn any educational approach that puts students in a passive learning role and believe that all learning should actively engage the student through interesting and entertaining activities that are, insofar as it is possible, chosen by the students themselves.

In the primary grades, this results in a deemphasis on basic skills training, which is reflected in rhetoric that makes reference to "boring" drill and practice and "rote" memorization. Progressives believe that there should be less emphasis on a mastery of basic facts and procedures and more focus on the conceptual aspects of reading and mathematics. In addition, the teacher conducts the instruction in a much more nondirective way and classrooms are organized to reflect progressivist pedagogy, such as large tables, at which students often face each other, as opposed to individual desks facing the teacher, and "learning centers," where

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Grade 3 Rod & Staff Grade 3: Student Book (with Supplemental Worksheets) $14.95 | Teacher Manual (includes Worksheets Key) $15.95 | Blacklines $4.50 | Speed Drills $4.90 FlashKids Multiplication Flashcards $3.95 | FlashKids Division Flashcards $3.95

Grade 4 Rod & Staff Grade 4: Student Book $14.95 | Teacher Manual Part 1 $11.95 | Teacher Manual Part 2 $11.95 | Math Tests $2.25 | Speed Drills $4.90 | Speed Drill Packet $9.50

Grade 5 Rod & Staff Grade 5: Student Book $14.95 | Teacher Manual Part 1 $11.95 | Teacher Manual Part 2 $11.95 | Tests $2.25 | Speed Drills $4.90

Grade 6 Rod & Staff Grade 6: Student Book $14.95 | Teacher Manual Part 1 $11.95 | Teacher Manual Part 2 $11.95 | Tests $2.25 | Quizzes and Speed Drills $4.90

Grade 7 College of the Redwoods Pre-Algebra: Textbook $20.00 | Solutions Manual $20.00 | Quizzes & Tests $9.95 | Quizzes & Tests Answer Key $5.00

Grade 8

Prentice Hall Classics Algebra I: Textbook $72.00 | Quizzes & Tests $14.95 | Quizzes & Tests Key $16.95

Grade 9 Prentice Hall Classics Algebra II: Textbook $75.95 | Quizzes & Tests $14.95 | Quizzes & Tests Key $16.95

students engage in more self-directed, as opposed to teacher-directed, activities.

Traditional educators, on the other hand, have always recognized the central role of the teacher in guiding the learning of students. In primary grades, in which the priority is the transmission of the basic skills and content of reading, writing, and arithmetic, the teacher has an explicitly directive role in making sure that students master the material. Traditionalists believe memorization, drill, and continual practice are necessary to acquire knowledge and mastery of these skills, and that they require an instructor to administer effectively and efficiently.

In addition to a highly teacher-directed classroom pedagogy for the basic skills and content needed in

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lower grades, traditionalists also recognize the essential role of coaching in advanced skills training and Socratic discourse in the inculcation of ideals and values in the middle and upper grades, but that, even here, teacher directedness never entirely goes away.

The debate over these issues has been going on since progressivism began to displace traditionalism in American schools in the early twentieth century. The problem today is that most people are not familiar with the history of this rivalry, and more importnantly, how these two philosophies of education really differ from one another. Modern classical educators in particular should strive to see their place in this history if for no other reason than to be able to avoid the pitfalls of those who are constantly confusing traditionalism and progressivism.

Traditional vs. Progressive Education

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Introduction to Classical Studies Grades 3-8

Grades 3-8

Student $12.95 Teacher $14.95

Text $19.95 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95 Flashcards $12.95

Introduction to Classical Studies

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths

$79.95 set (student & teacher guides, Famous Men of Rome, D'Aulaires' Greek Myths,

$57.00 set (text, student, teacher, flashcards)

Golden Children's Bible)

This guide shows you how to teach, learn, and master the stories fundamental to a classical education. Includes a three-year reading plan.

Perfect course for older students needing to catch up.

Myths are everywhere in Western art and literature and are the essential background for a classical education. An ideal beginning book regardless of age! Each of the 30 lessons presents facts to know, vocabulary, comprehension questions, and a picture review and activities section.

Famous Men Series Grades 4-8

Grades 5-8

Text $16.95 eBook $14.00 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95 Flashcards $12.95

Text $16.95 eBook $14.00 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95 Flashcards $12.95

Famous Men of Rome

Famous Men of Greece

$49.00 set (text, student, teacher, flashcards)

$49.00 set (text, student, teacher, flashcards)

Famous Men of Rome is ideal for beginners of all ages who are fascinated by the action and drama of Rome. Inside are 30 stories, covering all the great historical characters of ancient Rome’s history, from its founding to its demise. Through this biographical approach to history, witness the rise and fall of a great civilization through the lives of larger-thanlife figures.

If the Romans were history’s great men of action, the Greeks were history’s great men of thought. Dive into the lives and minds of thirtytwo famous Greeks through stories detailing the rise, Golden Age, and fall of Greece. Learning about the triumphs of Aristotle, Ptolemy, Odysseus, Pericles, Alexander the Great, and many others will enable your students to understand why the scope of Greek accomplishment is still known today as “The Greek Miracle.”

Dorothy Mills Histories

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Grades 6+

Grades 6+

Text $16.95 eBook $14.00 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95

Text $16.95 eBook $14.00 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95

The Book of the Ancient World

The Book of the Ancient Greeks

$39.95 set (text, student, teacher)

$39.95 set (text, student, teacher)

Dorothy Mills takes the student on an adventure, exploring the geography, culture, architecture, and most prominent people of Egypt, Persia, the Hittites, Israel, and more. Not only does she teach the valuable history and lessons of the ancient peoples, but she gives the students an understanding of the people and neighbors out of which Christianity sprung.

The journey continues, starting in Crete and ending in the Hellenistic Age ushered in by Alexander the Great. Students learn about the development of democracy, the primordial defense of democracy in the Persian wars, the heyday of Athens (also known as the Golden Age), and that sad self-destruction known as the Peloponnesian Wars. But it is not history alone—culture, values, and life lessons are taught.

Classical Studies

www.MemoriaPress.com

If you don’t begin your classical education until middle or high school, we would suggest that you start with Year 5 and move forward from there. Before beginning your study of the classics, it is always helpful if your student has a basic knowledge of Greek mythology (D’Aulaires’ Book of Greek Myths [p. 62]) and has read a retelling of the Trojan War (Olivia Coolidge’s The Trojan War [p. 64]).

Classical Studies Suggested Timeline Year 1

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths

Year 2

Famous Men of Rome

Year 3

Famous Men of the Middle Ages

Year 4

Famous Men of Greece, The Trojan War, and Horatius at the Bridge

Year 5

Iliad, Odyssey, and The Book of the Ancient Greeks

Year 6

The Aeneid and The Book of the Ancient Romans

Year 7

Greek Plays (Euripides, Sophocles, Aeschylus)

Year 8

The Divine Comedy (Dante)

Grades 5-8

Grades 6-8

Text $16.95 eBook $14.00 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95 Flashcards $12.95

Text $16.95 eBook $14.00 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95

Famous Men of the Middle Ages

Famous Men of Modern Times

$49.00 set (text, student, teacher, flashcards)

$39.95 set (text, student, teacher)

The story of the Middle Ages is told through the colorful lives of Attila the Hun, Charlemagne, William the Conqueror, Edward the Black Prince, and Joan of Arc, among others. This course guides students through the turbulent “dark age” of history and illustrates the transition from the end of ancient times to the birth of the modern era. This book is a perfect precursor to Famous Men of Modern Times.

Modern history—history, that is, after the fall of Constantinople in 1453—can sometimes seem like a confusing jumble of unrelated events. As a result, many curricula needlessly avoid this exciting period of history. Famous Men of Modern Times will bring the events of the last 500 years to life. These stories provide great insight into the foundations of the modern world.

Grades 6+

Grades 6+

Text $16.95 eBook $14.00 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95

Text $16.95 eBook $14.00 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95

The Book of the Ancient Romans

The Book of the Middle Ages

$39.95 set (text, student, teacher)

$39.95 set (text, student, teacher)

Like any good Roman course, this one begins with the she-wolf who nurses in infancy the legendary founders of Rome: Romulus and Remus. The rise and fall of a monarchy, the embrace of a republic with the simultaneous dislike for kings, and finally the rise of the Roman Empire teach unforgettable principles about human nature and society.

See how Christianity spread, building a new civilization on the remnants of the Roman Empire. From the foundation of monasteries to the bell towers of universities, from the crowning of Charlemagne to the execution of Joan of Arc, this program will show your student the glory that was the rise of Christendom.

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Classical Studies

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Classical Literature Grades 6+

Grades 6-8

Grades 6-8

Book $14.95 Medal $5.00 Lapel Pin $2.00

Text $6.95 Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95

$9.95

The Aeneid for Boys & Girls Horatius at the Bridge

The Trojan War by Olivia Coolidge

This study of Macaulay's 70-stanza ballad includes vocabulary, maps, character and plot synopses, meter, comprehension questions, teaching guidelines, and a test. Send us a recording of your students reciting the poem, and we'll send them a Winston Churchill Award certificate to present with the medal.

This retelling of the Trojan War is the best preparation for reading Homer. Each lesson has reading notes, vocabulary, comprehension questions, and an enrichment section with discussion topics, writing, art, and map work.

Your student will know the main characters, the gods and goddesses, and the storyline of the Iliad and Odyssey.

$19.95 set (book, medal, pin)

$80.00 set (text, student, teacher, DVDs)

Text $13.00 Student $16.95 Teacher $16.95 DVDs $45.00

Grades 7+

Samuel Butler translation

Western civilization begins with the Iliad and Odyssey. This is a perfect place to start your study of the Great Books. Our study guides will help bring Homer’s great works alive for your student.

Our Teacher Guide has inset student pages with answers, teacher notes for each lesson, quizzes, and tests, giving the teacher all the background information needed to teach these books.

Odyssey Text $12.00 Odyssey eBook $7.00 Odyssey Student $11.95 Odyssey Teacher $12.95 Odyssey DVDs $45.00

The Aeneid

Grades 8+

David West translation After Homer, the Aeneid is logically your next Great Book to study. Virgil's epic story of the founding of Rome will come alive when read with the help of our study guide as you continue your quest to master the classics. This is a great preparation for Latin AP Virgil also. Our Teacher Guide has inset student pages with teacher notes and background information for each lesson.

Grades 9+

Grades 9+

Grades 9+

Text $13.00 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95

Text $15.00 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95

Text $11.00 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95

The Oresteian Trilogy

The Three Theban Plays

Medea & Other Plays

Aeschylus was the first of the three great tragic playwrights. The Oresteia is the exciting trilogy about the end of the curse of the House of Atreus. Join Orestes as he seeks to revenge his father’s murder, but discovers, along with us, that revenge only begets revenge—that mercy and litigation are the better ends of justice.

Sophocles, “famous for wisdom,” won the playwright competition at the Festival of Dionysus many times. Here is the story of Oedipus, fated to unknowingly kill his father and marry his mother. This is the great myth, influencing all subsequent literature. Fate, free will, the quest for knowledge and truth—the glory and downfall of Western civilization.

Euripides further developed the tragedy, instituting the deus ex machina, a prologue with a background, and greater realism.

His heroes are less resolute and more psychological, fraught with internal conflict.

In his characters, we see the polar extremes to which human nature may go: cold reason and maniacal passion, nobility and cruelty, triumph and regret, grief and comfort.

by Aeschylus, Translated by Philip Vellacott

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Alfred Church's retelling of Virgil's Aeneid is a great introduction to the story of Aeneas, who escaped from the burning city of Troy and founded Rome, the New Troy. Students will gain a good grasp of the characters and story of the Aeneid and be ready to tackle the more difficult prose of Virgil.

The Iliad & Odyssey

Iliad Text $12.00 Iliad eBook $7.00 Iliad Student $11.95 Iliad Teacher $12.95 Iliad DVDs $45.00

$75.00 Iliad set (novel, student guide, teacher guide, DVDs) $75.00 Odyssey set (novel, student guide, teacher guide, DVDs) $135.00 complete set (Iliad and Odyssey sets)

by Alfred J. Church

Classical Studies

by Sophocles, Translated by Robert Fagles

by Euripides, Translated by Philip Vellacott

www.MemoriaPress.com

Grades 10+

Grades 10+

Grades 10+

Text $21.00 Student $16.95 Teacher $16.95 Quizzes $5.00

Text $13.95 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95

Text $12.95 Student $17.95 Teacher $17.95

The Divine Comedy

On Obligations

The Republic & The Laws

The Divine Comedy is one of the crown jewels of both Western and Christian literature.

This epic, allegorical poem illustrates Dante’s spiritual journey of redemption that takes him through the pit of Hell (the Inferno) to the Beatific Vision of God (the Paradiso). The Student Guide contains helpful study questions, and reading notes for difficult lines.

Cicero was a man trying to give the politicians of his day solid principles to live by as they drove his fatherland, Rome, down the royal road of decay. His work On Obligations played a large role in Western Christendom but is daunting to read alone.

Let us accompany your highschooler as he learns the principles of justice, wisdom, beneficence, courage, and propriety.

Marcus Tullius Cicero, a Roman statesman from the first century B.C., was convinced that the upright moral life was the happier life. The Republic became the blueprint of the U.S. government almost 2,000 years after it was written. In The Laws, Cicero defends his understanding of the upright moral life and becomes the foundation for the West's philosophical discussion on the natural law.

by Dante Alighieri, John Ciardi translation

by Cicero, Translated by P. G. Walsh

by Cicero, Translated by Niall Rudd

Classical/Christian Supplements Grades 3-6 Timeline Composition & Sketchbook $9.95 Timeline Handbook $9.95 Timeline Student Flashcards $12.95 Timeline Wall Cards $12.95

Timeline Set for the Grammar Stage Events from Ancient to Modern Times

$39.95 set (Sketchbook, Handbook, Wall Cards, Flashcards) Students will master a total of 60 events over the course of four years (3rd-6th grades). History is a very unsystematic subject, and time is very abstract. Students need a timeline that they memorize, build on, and recite every year.

Timeline Composition & Sketchbook: A two-page spread for each event: a picture frame for illustrating on one side and a page of blank lines for a summary on the other side.

To be completed over four years.

Timeline Handbook: Teaching guidelines, charts by grade and time period, and summaries of each event.

Timeline Flashcards: One side has the date and the reverse side has the event. These cards are color-coded to the Timeline Wall Cards.

Timeline Wall Cards shown above. More samples: www.MemoriaPress.com.

Timeline Wall Cards: The date and event on the same side. Cards are added throughout the year as students study history in Classical/Christian Studies and American Studies.

For All Ages!

For All Ages!

Large Wall Maps (22'' x 34'') $35.00 Small Wall Maps (11'' x 17'') $19.95

Large Wall Maps (22'' x 34'') $35.00 Small Wall Maps (11'' x 17'') $19.95

Ancient Civilization Wall Maps

Christian Studies Wall Maps

Make the ancient civilization stories come alive on your classroom walls. These color wall maps are perfect for any classical education classroom. Each set includes individual maps of Greece, Italy, the City of Rome, and the Roman Empire. These maps contain all the hot spots in the classical world.

Since understanding geography is important to Biblical studies, we have developed a set of five Christian Studies wall maps. They include three maps for the Old Testament and two for the New Testament.

These maps are an ideal supplement for Memoria Press' Christian Studies I-IV or for any Bible program.

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Classical Studies

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Christian Studies Grades 3-6 Student $17.95 ea.

Teacher $20.95 ea.

Golden Children's Bible $17.99 Memory Verse Flashcards $15.95 Old Testament Flashcards $12.95 New Testament Flashcards $12.95

$155.00 set

Christian Studies I-III Christian Studies I: All Major Bible Stories up to the Entry into Canaan Christian Studies II: The Rise and Fall of Israel, the Period of the Prophets Christian Studies III: All Major New Testament Stories

(Christian Studies I-III student & teacher + The Golden Children's Bible + New Testament, Old Testament, and Memory Verse Flashcards)

This series thoughtfully guides your students through The Golden Children's Bible, teaching them the fundamentals of Bible stories, history, and geography, with solid detail at a manageable pace. This is a three-year Bible reading course that builds faith by teaching salvation history as real history.

Teacher Manual: Insight and background for each lesson; additional discussion, composition, and research prompts.

The Golden Children's Bible: Chosen for its simplified, but poetically appealing King James text along with its beautiful, accurate, and age-appropriate illustrations. This is important because we believe students should learn to revere the Bible as a sacred book, distinct from stories with cartoon heroes.

Grades 6-8

Grades 8+

Grades 9+

Student $17.95 Teacher $20.95

Text $15.00 Student $14.95 Teacher $16.95

Text $10.00 Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95

Christian Studies IV:

A Chronological Overview of the Bible Takes students back through the highlights of the Bible, reviews drill questions, memory passages, and more! Can serve as a review course for Christian Studies I-III or as a survey study of the Bible. Allows student to read through the Bible by touching on the major stories and characters.

The Story of Christianity:

The Wars of the Jews:

David Bentley Hart gives a scholarly but readable portrait of the Christian Church, from its origins in Judaism to the "house churches" in contemporary China. This overview is perfect for study before delving into the more difficult church historians such as Josephus and Eusebius.

"There will not be left a stone upon a stone."

Our children may know Christ's prophecy, but do they learn about its fulfillment?

Josephus, a Jew turned Roman citizen, is regarded as the most trustworthy source on the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 A.D. A follow-up study of Scripture and the best introduction to the history of Christianity.

A History of 2,000 Years of the Christian Faith by David Bentley Hart

The Fall of Jerusalem by Josephus

Grades 9+

Grades 10-12

Grades 8+

Student $17.95 Teacher $20.95 The Early Church $17.00 The History of the Church $17.00

Text $14.00 Student $17.95 Teacher $20.95 Quizzes/Tests $5.00

Text $9.95 Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95

History of the Early Church

The City of God

Acts of the Apostles

Continue on from a historical study of the Hebrew people to an investigation of the history of the church. This was so evidently necessary to Christians of the 4th century, that one of their own, Eusebius, the bishop of Caesarea, wrote the first book to recount the struggles and victories of the first followers of Christ. In this year-long course, Chadwick's The Early Church is used as the main text, and students are directed to Eusebius' History of the Church when ancient testimony is appropriate.

The City of God, arguably Augustine's greatest book, is the source of some of Western society's greatest and most cherished beliefs. The book serves as the cultural fountainhead of all that followed, and it is unlikely that it will ever be equaled. The Teacher Guide contains helpful chapter summaries as well as a thorough introduction to teaching this course effectively.

The history of Christianity, particularly that of the early Church, is something every Christian should know. But when we talk about what books about the history of the Church we should read, we often forget the most important and informative book: The Book of the Acts of the Apostles. Here is the exciting story of the travels, the teachings, and—in many cases—the martrydoms of the apostles themselves, as told by the author of the Gospel of Luke. Christian history starts here.

by Cody King

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Student Book: 30 lessons; weekly memory verses; maps & timelines; 5 review lessons & tests; comprehension, drill, and discussion questions; references Golden Children's Bible page numbers as well as actual Scripture references.

Christian Studies

by St. Augustine, Vernon J. Bourke edition

King James Version

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