Classical Teacher, Summer 2014 by Memoria Press

Saving Western civilization one student at a time ...

Summer 2014

Home of the CLASSICAL CORE CURRICULUM www.MemoriaPress.com

THE CLASSICAL TEACHER

CONTENTS FEATURED ARTICLES

2 5 11 14 20 30 34 46 50

AMERICAN / MODERN

Letter From the Editor by Martin Cothran Classical Core Curriculum Q & A by Martin Cothran Never Trust A Shadow by Cheryl Swope Latin: The Next Step After Phonics by Cheryl Lowe The History of Phonics by Martin Cothran Aristotle's Explanation of Why We Make Excuses for Ourselves by Martin Cothran Why Should Christians Read the Pagan Classics? by Cheryl Lowe

Sin & Love: How Poetry Helps Us Fathom the Unfathomable by David M. Wright What Is the Classical Approach to Phonics? by Cheryl Lowe

Lesson Plans by Subject New Curriculum Packages:

200 Questions About American History, Grades 3-8 Geography I & II, Geography I Review, States & Capitals, U.S. Review, Artner Reader's Guide, The Story of the Thirteen Colonies & the Great Republic

LATIN, GREEK, & FRENCH

12 13 16 18 19

CLASSICAL CORE CURRICULUM

4 5

Summer 2014

Prima Latina & Supplements Grades 1-4 Latina Christiana & Supplements Grades 3-6 Latin Recitation CD/DVD New First Form Latin Series & Supplements Grades 5-12 Henle Latin Series, NLE Prep Guides Grades 8-12 Elementary Greek New Grades 3+ Greek Alphabet Book Grades 5+ Greek Wall & Desk Charts New Latin Supplements: Roots of English, Book of Roots, Latin Copybook Cursive, Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage, Lingua Biblica

Jr. K-7th Grade

First Start French I & II

Jr. K-7th Grade

Full-Year Packages, Read-Aloud Sets, Summer Reading,

LOGIC & RHETORIC

and Science & Enrichment Sets

10 28

Simply Classical (Special-Needs) Memoria Press Curriculum Map

Jr. K-12th Grade

New American Cursive 1-3

Art Cards, Composition & Sketchbooks, Alphabet Charts, Copybooks

Teach Yourself Cursive New Literature Study Guides Introduction to Composition Poetry Anthologies New English Grammar (Grammar Stage)New Classical Composition

Grades 5-Adult

Grades 4-12

The Wars of the Jews New The City of God Christian Studies I-IV Christian Studies Wall Maps

Grades 9+ Grades 10-12 Grades 3-8

SCIENCE

Grades 6+

Grades 3-8

Dorothy Mills Histories

Grades 6+

Ancient World, Ancient Greeks, Ancient Romans, & Middle Ages

37 38

CHRISTIAN STUDIES

Introduction to Classical Studies, Ancient Wall Maps, Timeline Set, Horatius at the Bridge D’Aulaires’ Greek Myths Famous Men Series Rome, Greece, the Middle Ages, and Modern Times

Grades 1-8 Grades 3+ Grades 3-12 Grades 3-12

Grades 9-12

CLASSICAL STUDIES

LITERATURE, GRAMMAR, & WRITING

Grades 7-12 Grades 9-12

Figures of Speech, How to Read a Book

Start Reading, Classical Phonics, Book of Crafts, Alphabet Flashcards

Kindergarten - Second Grade: Numbers Books, Enrichment Guides,

Traditional Logic I & II Aristotle's Material Logic Classical Rhetoric Logic and Rhetoric Supplements:

Handbook of Christian Apologetics, Socrates Meets Jesus, Aristotle's Rhetoric,

Jr. Kindergarten & Phonics: Alphabet Books, Coloring Books, First

25 44 48

32 33

PRIMARY YEARS

Grades 5-8

The Trojan War, Iliad, Odyssey, Aeneid, The Aeneid for Boys and Girls New The Divine Comedy, On Obligations, New The Republic & the Laws New

Grades 6+ Grades 10+

CLASSICAL EDUCATION RESOURCES

4 40 41 55

Teacher Training Conference 2014 Limited Space - Register Today! Memoria Press Online Academy Now Enrolling! Classical Latin School Association (CLSA) Homeschool Convention Calendar 2014

Book of Astronomy, Book of Insects, Grades 3+ What's That Bird?, Book of Trees, J. H. Tiner Series New

MEMORIA PRESS 4603 Poplar Level Road Louisville, KY 40213

www.MemoriaPress.com

ONLINE ACADEMY

www.memoriapress.com/onlineschool

$140

$290

Jr. Kindergarten

Kindergarten

$140 Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) $45 Consumable Books Set (for additional students) $30 Lesson Plans for One Year (only)

$290 Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) $80 Consumable Books Set (for additional students) $30 Lesson Plans for One Year (only)

• Jr. Kindergarten Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • Counting With Numbers • Inside and Outside • Prayers for Children • Alphabet Books 1 & 2 • Coloring Books: Alphabet & Numbers • Richard Scarry's Best Mother Goose Ever • Big Thoughts for Little People (Devotional) • Hailstones and Halibut Bones (Poetry) • Memoria Press Manuscript Wall Charts • Alphabet Flashcards • The Book of Crafts

• Kindergarten Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • Kindergarten Enrichment Guide • Copybook I • Composition & Sketchbook I • The Golden Children's Bible • Christian Liberty Nature Reader (Book K) • Animal Alphabet Coloring Book • First Start Reading: A, B, C, D & Teacher Guide • Classical Phonics & SRA Phonics 1 • Primary Phonics Readers (20 books total) • Rod & Staff Beginning Arithmetic 1: Student (Part 1), Teacher, & Practice Sheets • Numbers Books 1 & 2 • Soft and White, Fun in the Sun, & Scamp and Tramp • 1/2" ruled penmanship tablet • Kindergarten Art Cards

Supplemental Read-Aloud Program $340.00 A set of 34 classic picture books chosen for their beauty in prose and illustration. A great addition to any children's library, one book is read aloud and discussed each week in Jr. Kindergarten.

Supplements:

Read-Aloud Set $275 | Read-Aloud Set with Poetry $295 | Supplemental Science & Enrichment Set $325

Jr. K

Reading & Phonics

Christian Studies Alphabet Books (p. 23) Alphabet Coloring Book (p. 23) Richard Scarry's Mother Goose Hailstones and Halibut Bones

Prayers for Children Big Thoughts for Little People

SRA Phonics 1 Classical Phonics (p. 23) First Start Reading (p. 23) Animal Alphabet Coloring American Language Readers Nature Reader K Primary Phonics Readers

The Golden Children's Bible (p. 39)

1st

SRA Phonics 2 Classical Phonics (p. 23) 1st Grade Literature Set (p. 44) Supplemental readers

The Golden Children's Bible (p. 39)

Latin

2nd

SRA Phonics 3 Classical Phonics (p. 23) 2nd Grade Literature Set (p. 44)

Classical Core Curriculum

Prima Latina (p. 12)

The Golden Children's Bible (p. 39)

www.MemoriaPress.com

$325

$370

1st Gr ade

2nd Gr ade

$325 Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) $105 Consumable Books Set (for additional students) $275 Continuing MP Student Set $30 Lesson Plans for One Year (only)

$370 Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) $130 Consumable Books Set (for additional students) $340 Continuing MP Student Set $30 Lesson Plans for One Year (only)

• First Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • First Grade Enrichment Guide NEW • Copybook II • Composition & Sketchbook II • New American Cursive 1 • The Golden Children's Bible • Classical Phonics • SRA Phonics 2 • Rod & Staff Beginning Arithmetic 1: Student (Parts 1-2), Teacher, & Practice Sheets • First Grade Literature: Study Guides w/ Novels • A Little House Christmas Treasury • Christmas in the Big Woods • Winter on the Farm • 1/2" ruled penmanship tablet • First Grade Art Cards • Alphabet Wall Poster

• Second Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • Prima Latina complete set • Prima Latina Copybook • Copybook Cursive Scripture and Poems • Composition & Sketchbook II • New American Cursive 2 • The Golden Children's Bible • SRA Phonics 3 • Rod & Staff Math 2: Student (Units 1-5), Teacher, & Blacklines • Classical Phonics • Second Grade Literature: Study Guide Sets w/ Novels • 1/2" ruled penmanship tablet • Second Grade Art Cards

Supplements:

Read-Aloud Set $290 | Read-Aloud Set with Poetry $305

Supplements:

Read-Aloud Set $290 | Read-Aloud Set with Poetry $305 | Supplemental Science & Enrichment Set $350 (Complete) $250 (Continuing)

Writing & Penmanship

Math Numbers Coloring Book (p. 23) Counting With Numbers Inside and Outside

Alphabet Books (p. 23)

Copybook I (p. 24) Composition & Sketchbook (p. 24)

Copybook II (p. 24) Composition & Sketchbook (p. 24) New American Cursive 1 (p. 25)

Prima Latina Copybook (p. 12) Copybook Cursive (p. 24) Composition & Sketchbook (p. 24) New American Cursive 2 (p. 25)

1-877-862-1097

Enrichment Book of Crafts (p. 23) Alphabet Flashcards (p. 23)

Numbers Books (p. 24) Rod & Staff Math 1, Part 1

Art Cards (p. 24) Kindergarten Enrichment (p. 24)

Rod & Staff Math 1, Parts 1-2

Art Cards (p. 24) First Grade Enrichment (p. 24) Alphabet Wall Poster (p. 24)

Rod & Staff Math 2 Art Cards (p. 24)

Classical Core Curriculum

$400

3rd Gr ade

4th Gr ade

$400 Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) $150 Consumable Books Set (for additional students) $30 Lesson Plans for One Year (only)

• Third Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • Latina Christiana I complete set + Review Worksheets • Third Grade Literature: Study Guide Sets w/ Novels • D'Aulaires' Greek Myths set • Christian Studies I set • New American Cursive 3 • States & Capitals set • Astronomy set • Rod & Staff Math 3 set (student, teacher, blacklines, speed drills) • Rod & Staff Spelling 4 set (student, teacher) • English Grammar Recitation & Workbook I set • Introduction to Composition set • Poetry for the Grammar Stage set • The Best Christmas Pageant Ever • Timeline Program NEW!

Supplements: Supplemental Read Aloud Program: Novels (11 books) $150.00 | Picture Books (25 books) $300.00 Summer Reading: Story of the World, Vol. 1 (before 4th grade; p. 22)

Resources Included in Previous Year Packages: Timeline Program* $39.95 | Poetry for the Grammar Stage* $30.00 | English Grammar Recitation* $9.95 | Golden Children's Bible** $17.99 *included in 3rd grade package

**included in K-2nd grade packages (also sold on p. 39)

Supplements: Read-Aloud Program $120.00 Summer Reading: Story of the World, Vol. 2 (before 5th grade; p. 22)

Literature The Moffats Farmer Boy Charlotte's Web (p. 44)

Latina Christiana I (p. 13)

Greek Myths (p. 36)

Christian Studies I (p. 39)

First Form Latin (p. 16)

Famous Men of Rome (p. 36)

Christian Studies II (p. 39)

Lassie Come-Home Heidi The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (p. 45)

Famous Men of the Middle Ages (p. 36)

Christian Studies III (p. 39)

Adam of the Road Robin Hood The Door in the Wall King Arthur (p. 45)

6th

5th

3rd

Classical & Christian Studies

4th

Latin & Greek

• Fourth Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • First Form Latin complete set • Fourth Grade Literature: Study Guide Sets w/ Novels • Famous Men of Rome set • Christian Studies II set • Geography I: Middle East, North Africa, and Europe set • United States Review set • The Book of Insects set • Rod & Staff Math 4 set (student, teacher, drills, tests) • Rod & Staff Spelling 5 set (student, teacher) • English Grammar Recitation Workbook 2 set • Classical Composition: The Fable Stage set

Second Form Latin (p. 16)

Third Form Latin (p. 17) Greek Alphabet Book (p. 19)

Classical Core Curriculum

Famous Men of Greece Horatius at the Bridge (pp. 35-36)

Timeline Set (p. 35)

Christian Studies IV (p. 39)

The Hobbit Anne of Green Gables The Bronze Bow The Trojan War (p. 45)

www.MemoriaPress.com

$425

5th Gr ade

6th Gr ade

$425 Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) $150 Consumable Books Set (for additional students) $30 Lesson Plans for One Year (only)

$450 Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) $150 Consumable Books Set (for additional students) $30 Lesson Plans for One Year (only)

• Fifth Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • First or Second Form Latin complete set • Fifth Grade Literature: Study Guide Sets w/ Novels • Famous Men of the Middle Ages set • Christian Studies III set • Geography II: Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, Oceania, & the Americas set • Rod and Staff Arithmetic 5 set (student, teacher, tests) • Rod and Staff Spelling 6 & English 5 sets (student, teacher, worksheets, tests) • What's That Bird? set • Exploring the History of Medicine set • Classical Composition: The Narrative Stage set

**included in K-2nd grade packages (also sold on p. 39)

Supplements: Read-Aloud Program $100.00 Summer Reading: Story of the World, Vol. 3 (before 6th grade; p. 22)

English

Spelling

$450

Writing

• Sixth Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • First, Second, or Third Form Latin complete set • Sixth Grade Literature: Study Guide Sets w/ Novels • Famous Men of Greece set, Horatius at the Bridge • Christian Studies IV set • Rod and Staff Arithmetic 6 set (student, teacher, tests, quizzes) • Rod and Staff Spelling 7 & English 6 set (student, teacher, worksheets, tests) • The Story of the Thirteen Colonies and The Great Republic, 200 Questions About American History, & Everything You Need to Know About American History Homework • Book of Trees set, Exploring the World of Biology set • Classical Composition: The Chreia/Maxim Stage set • Greek Alphabet Book set

Resources Included in Previous Year Packages:

Timeline Program* $39.95 | Poetry for the Grammar Stage* $30.00 | English Grammar Recitation* $9.95 | Golden Children's Bible** $17.99 *included in 3rd grade package

**included in K-2nd grade packages (also sold on p. 39)

Supplements: Read-Aloud Program $50.00 Summer Reading: Story of the World, Vol. 4 (before 7th grade; p. 22)

Modern St.

Math

Science

English Grammar, Workbook I (p. 48)

Rod & Staff Spelling 4

Introduction to Composition (p. 48)

States & Capitals (p. 27)

Rod & Staff Math 3

Book of Astronomy (p. 26)

English Grammar, Workbook II (p. 48)

Rod & Staff Spelling 5

Classical Composition: The Fable Stage (p. 49) Writing, Year 1

Geography I: The Middle East, North Africa, & Europe (p. 27)

Rod & Staff Math 4

Book of Insects (p. 26)

Rod & Staff Spelling 6

Classical Composition: The Narrative Stage (p. 49) Writing, Year 2

Geography II: Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, Oceania, & the Americas (p. 27)

Rod & Staff Math 5

What's That Bird? The History of Medicine (p. 26)

Rod & Staff Math 6

The Book of Trees Exploring the World of Biology (p. 26)

Rod & Staff English 5

Rod & Staff English 6

1-877-862-1097

Rod & Staff Spelling 7

Classical Composition: The Chreia/Maxim Stage (p. 49)

The Thirteen Colonies & the Great Republic 200 Questions About American History (p. 27)

Classical Core Curriculum

$475

7th Grade The Classical Core Curriculum has now graduated to the upper school. In the important step from the 6th grade to the 7th, students need to take the basic skills and knowledge they have mastered in the lower elementary grades and begin converting them into a more advanced command of skills subjects like Latin and math, and into a deeper understanding of history and literature. Memoria Press’ new 7th Grade Core Curriculum package does just this. Students begin advanced study in Latin grammar, and, having completed arithmetic, begin their study of pre-algebra. Having studied the basic characters and events in ancient history, they begin their study of Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey. In literature, they begin their study of Shakespeare. And if your student missed some or all of the Classical Core Curriculum before this? No worries. They can begin or continue Latin where they are and still pick up the basic outlines in ancient history and literature in preparation for Homer. In addition, the Shakespeare plays begin in the 2nd semester, allowing the student time to get ready. Don’t let your student miss out on the only complete and fully developed classical curriculum available.

Simply Classical Core Curriculum for Special-Needs Students NEW

Level A: This readiness program is designed for 1) children ages 2-3 and 2) older special-needs students with a mental age or ability level of age 2-3. ✓ cultivate imagination ✓ improve oral language ✓ explore numbers, shapes, & patterns ✓ develop ﬁne-motor & pre-writing skills

✓ teach social skills ✓ incorporate therapies & gross-motor skills ✓ introduce simple Christian truths

The first of its kind ... Level A is the first level in a unique new Classical Core Curriculum designed for special-needs students ages 2-21. Daily lesson plans integrate practical skills while bringing the benefits and beauty of a classical education to your special-needs child. Step by step, the child will embark on a fascinating journey of literature, ideas, and wonder, as fully and deeply as he is able to progress. Now you can bring truth, goodness, and beauty to your special-needs child.

www.ClassicalSpecialNeeds.com

$475 Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) $150 Consumable Books Set (for additional students) $30 Lesson Plans for One Year (only) • Seventh Grade Curriculum: Complete Lesson Plans for One Year • First, Second, Third, or Fourth Form Latin complete set • Seventh Grade Literature: Study Guide Sets w/ Novels • Book of the Ancient Greeks set • Book of the Ancient World set • Iliad & Odyssey set w/ Novels • Poetry and Short Stories: American Literature set • College of the Redwoods Pre-Algebra (text, solutions manual, quizzes and tests) • Rod and Staﬀ English 8 set (student, teacher) • Geography: Exploring & Mapping the World set • Exploring Planet Earth set • Classical Composition: Refutation - Conﬁrmation Stage set

What's Included in Level A:

from Cheryl Swope and Memoria Press, Ages 2-3

$225 $200 Complete Set (all books + Lesson Plans) $30 Lesson Plans for One Year (only)

7th Gr ade

Simply Classical Core Curriculum: Lesson Plans for One Year, Level A; Prayers for Children; Jesus Is With Me; Jesus Hears Me; Jesus Knows Me; Big Red Barn; The Best Mouse Cookie; Little Fur Family; Bunny's Noisy Book; From Head to Toe; Goodnight Moon; Polar Bear, Polar Bear, What Do You Hear?; Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See?; Numbers, Colors, Shapes; The Very Busy Spider; Good Night, Gorilla; The Tale of Peter Rabbit; Fuzzy Yellow Ducklings; Flaptastic Shapes; ABC: Amazing Alphabet Book; Put Me in the Zoo; Hand, Hand, Fingers, Thumb; Cars and Trucks From A to Z; My First Counting Book; The Animals' Christmas Eve; Big Dog ... Little Dog; Mr. Brown Can Moo! Can You?; My First Real Mother Goose; 1 Is One

oday I heard my daughter approaching in the darkness, too early for a Saturday morning. I asked her to tell me what happened. "An episode." With schizophrenia, this means threatening voices and shivering in bed with a paralyzing terror. In the stillness just before dawn, we talked until her fears lifted. She breathed a sigh. "I need to write something down." When she returned, I asked if she would share with me. Nodding, she said, "I added to my dictionary." Intrigued, I spent the next quiet hour listening to her various neologisms (new words) and her own new sayings. One of her sayings caught my attention. "Never trust a shadow," she said calmly. I held her hand and looked into her eyes with the bond forged between us by years of heartache. “Never trust a shadow.” Michelle's saying reminded me of the Holy Scriptures. For the law, having a shadow of the good things to come, and not the very image of the things, can never with these same sacrifices, which they offer continually year by year, make those who approach perfect." Hebrews 10:1

Never trust a shadow. He does away with the first in order to establish the second. And by that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. ... But when Christ had offered for all time a single sacrifice for sins, he sat down at the right hand of God. Hebrews 10:9b-10, 12 Behold, God is my salvation; I will trust, and will not be afraid; for the Lord God is my strength and my song, and he has become my salvation. Isaiah 12:2

Cheryl Swope, M.Ed. has homeschooled her 18-year-old adopted special-needs twins from their infancy with classical Christian education. She holds a lifetime K-12 state teaching certificate in the areas of Behavior Disorders and Learning Disabilities. She has worked with special-needs children, youth, and adults for over thirty years. Cheryl is the author of Simply Classical: A Beautiful Education for Any Child.

1-877-862-1097

Share in Michelle's full story and find encouragement for bringing a classical Christian education to your special-needs or struggling students: Simply Classical: A Beautiful Education for Any Child by Cheryl Swope, M.Ed., with Foreword by Dr. Gene Edward Veith.

Buy your copy of Simply Classical and check out the new special-needs classical curriculum at:

$24.95

www.ClassicalSpecialNeeds.com

Prima Latina:

An Introduction to Christian Latin by Leigh Lowe Grades 1-4 “We have found that students who start with Prima Latina are much more likely not only to continue Latin, but to love it!” Are you looking for a gentle introduction to Latin and a course that prepares your young student for a more advanced study of the language? Prima Latina is specifi cally designed for students and teachers with no Latin background. This course was developed for children in 1st-4th grades who are still becoming familiar with English grammar and wish to learn Latin at a slower pace. Its goal is to teach and reinforce an understanding of the basic parts of speech while introducing Latin. It benefi ts the student by teaching him half of the vocabulary in Latina Christiana I and grounding him in the fundamental concepts of English grammar, the key to Latin study.

Prim a Latina $90.90 complete set

$34.95 basic set

(student, teacher, CD, DVDs, flashcards)

(student, teacher, CD)

Student $15.00 | Teacher $15.00 | CD $8.95 | DVDs $45.00 | Flashcards $14.95

Student Book

• 25 lessons + 5 review lessons • Latin vocabulary words with corresponding English derivatives • Latin prayers • Grammar skills appropriate for primary grades • Consistent review

Teacher Manual

• Student book w/ answers keyed • Tests

Pronunciation CD

• Complete verbal pronunciation • Four Lingua Angelica songs

DVDs

• 3 discs, 9 hours (15-20 min./ lesson) • Comprehensive teaching by Leigh Lowe • Recitation & review, vocabulary practice, and explanation of derivatives • On-screen notes, diagrams, & examples • Self-instructive format

Flashcards

The grammar lessons are set forth in a form appropriate for primary grades. The review lessons that follow each unit provide the consistent review needed to master Latin. With clear explanations and easy-to-read lessons in a two-color format, Prima Latina is perfect for those teachers and parents who would like to start their students on an early study of Christian Latin. Which Latin program is right for your student? (page 15) “Order Leigh Lowe’s Prima Latina, along with the accompanying teacher’s guide and supplementary CD.” - Susan Wise Bauer & Jessie Wise “If you are beginning Latin and have no Latin background, this is the curriculum for you.” - Julie A., www.homeschoolreviews.com

• Vocabulary with derivatives • Latin sayings • Conjugations & Declensions

view samples online: www.MemoriaPress.com

Latin Supplements

Prima Latina Copybook New American Cursive Grades 1-4

$14.95 Help your children practice their Latin while developing their penmanship skills. Includes a cursive vocabulary practice page from each Prima Latina lesson and a cursive Latin prayer practice page for each Prima review lesson.

Latin

Lingua Angelica:

Latin Songs & Prayers Song Book $9.95 Music CD $11.95

Latin prayers and hymns, beautifully sung by a six-voice Gregorian chant choir. Perfect enrichment for the young or beginning Latin student. Full program for First Form students on page 16.

Latina Christiana I:

Review Worksheets by Brenda Janke Grades 3-6 Worksheets $9.95 | Answer Key $5.00

These supplemental review worksheets will help your students master the grammar and vocabulary they are learning in Latina Christiana I. Contains 1-2 pages of cumulative review for each LCI lesson.

www.MemoriaPress.com

Latina Christiana I

Introduction to Christian Latin by Cheryl Lowe Grades 3-6 Latina Christiana I is, quite simply, the best Latin grammar course available for beginning students. Cheryl Lowe’s clear explanations, easy instructions, and step-by-step approach have led thousands of teachers and students to declare, “I love Latin!”

Latina Christiana I $98.90 complete set

$41.95 basic set

(student, teacher, CD, DVDs, flashcards)

(student, teacher, CD)

Student $16.00 | Teacher $20.00 | CD $8.95 | DVDs $55.00 | Flashcards $14.95 Online Class (p. 42) • Latin Prayers & songs

Student Book

• 25 lessons + 5 review lessons • 10 vocabulary words per lesson w/ corresponding English derivatives • Latin sayings, songs, and prayers

DVDs

• 5 discs, 18 hrs. (35-40 min./ lesson) • Comprehensive teaching by Leigh Lowe • Recitation & review, vocabulary practice, and explanation of derivatives • On-screen notes, diagrams, & examples • Self-instructive format

Teacher Manual

• Student book w/ answers keyed • Weekly lesson plans • Tests, quizzes, & keys • Comprehensive teaching instructions

Flashcards

Pronunciation CD • Complete verbal pronunciation

• Vocabulary with derivatives • Latin sayings • Conjugations & Declensions

Each lesson consists of a grammar form, ten vocabulary words, and a Latin saying that teaches students about their Christian or classical heritage. Five review lessons help ensure that your student has mastered the material. In addition, every lesson includes simple English derivatives of Latin words to help build English vocabulary. Exercises reinforce memory work and teach grammar in incremental steps through simple translation. Grammar coverage includes 1st-2nd declension nouns, 1st-2nd conjugation verbs, 1st-2nd declension adjectives, the irregular verb to be, and 1st-2nd person pronouns. The Teacher Manual includes a complete copy of the student book with overlaid answers and provides detailed weekly lesson plans, comprehensive teaching instructions, tests, weekly quizzes, and keys. The thirty lessons can be completed in a year for young students or in less time for older students. Move straight to First Form Latin after LC I (see p. 16). “I have taught my own children using your LC books and Henle, and yours is the best curriculum available.” - V.B., Latin teacher "The content, excellent quality, and organized layout make this an impressive beginning course ..." - CHC "You make it so easy and understandable. I cannot commend you enough! Thanks for all you've done to make Latin accessible ..." - L.F., homeschooling parent

Latina Christiana II $98.90 complete set

(student, teacher, CD, DVDs, flashcards)

$41.95 basic set (student, teacher, CD)

Student $16.00 | Teacher $20.00 | CD $8.95 | DVDs $45.00 | Flashcards $14.95

view samples online: www.MemoriaPress.com

Latin Supplements

Latina Christiana I & II Grammar Charts $20.00

Latina Christiana I & II by Paul O’Brien Grades 3+

33’’ x 17” (6 charts total)

$19.95 ea. (Ludere Latine I or II)

Grammar forms organized on wall charts is a great visual aid for Latin students. Our charts help students see the organization of the Latin grammar at a quick glance.

1-877-862-1097

Ludere Latine: Latin Word Games for

Additional Copies $7.00 These word game supplements are stuff ed with enrichment activities to help your students learn the vocabulary, grammar, and derivatives presented in Latina Christiana.

Latin Recitation CD/DVD NEW! Grades 3+

$14.95 (CD & DVD) This CD/DVD combination off ers both audio and visual aids for the Latin student. There is a recitation of the entire Latin grammar on both the CD & DVD. The entire recitation lasts about 40 minutes. The DVD has visual charts with the grammar as Cheryl Lowe pronounces it.

Latin

Latin in elementary school, after phonics? This may sound like a new and experimental idea, but it’s really an old and traditional one. Have you ever read Goodbye Mr. Chips or Anne of Green Gables?

f so, you may have noticed that the students seemed to spend a lot of time studying Latin grammar and that it was completed before high school. In fact, this is where the name grammar school came from—from the days when the most important subject in elementary schools was Latin grammar. But just because Latin was considered very important 100 years ago, doesn’t mean that it is all that important today. Times change. Why should our students today study Latin, and why begin in the third or fourth grade, or even earlier?

Key to the English Language The most practical reason for Latin study is that it also teaches English. Over half of our English words are really Latin words—and it’s not just any half; it’s the diffi cult half! The common one- or two-syllable words of every day speech are English, but the big three- to fi vesyllable words are usually Latin. These are the words students start to see in their reading in science, history, and literature beginning in the third and fourth grade. Do we really prepare students for this transition? Let’s say Johnny has worked hard, learned phonics, and can read and spell the word father. Is he now prepared to decode the meanings of all of the words he will encounter that come from the Latin word for father (pater, patris)? How will he learn the spelling, pronunciation, and meanings of patriarch, patriarchy, paternal, paternalistic, patron, patronize, paternity, patrimony, etc. He will probably learn these words

Latin: The Next Step After Phonics

mostly on his own, in a hit or miss fashion. Most students never really develop a command of the English language because they are not taught the English language in a systematic way after leaving phonics. Many students do not develop the vocabulary necessary to read well in their own language because they have not been given the tools to att ack the incredibly large number of English words. The advantage of beginning Latin early is that we give our students the tools to decode these big words just when they begin to encounter them, instead of fi ve years later. I have noticed that young students love to learn big words even if they don’t know exactly what they mean. I teach them such words as ludicrous (ridiculous, silly) which comes from ludus (game). Even though this is a word they may not encounter soon, they seem to enjoy saying it. They become comfortable with big words because, after all, most of them come from Latin, and they’re not so scary after all. Students begin to see Latin roots in words everywhere and tell their parents about the new words they encounter and where they come from. Parents are thrilled, and students develop confi dence. They are being given a valuable tool: Latin— the key that opens up the door to the English language. Students need this key while they are still young enough to be excited about words and while they are rapidly developing vocabulary through their new skill of reading. Another reason to begin Latin in the early grades is that students at this age still fi nd memorizing an enjoyable task, something not usually true of students

www.MemoriaPress.com

in high school. Much of the vocabulary and forms of Latin can be learned in grades two through six. So Latin is good for vocabulary development. Why not just study 100 Latin and Greek roots, and be done with it? It sure seems a lot more effi cient and quicker than studying all that grammar, those awful declensions and conjugations that go on forever.

Grammar, Grammar, Grammar Obviously 100 root words can’t even compare to learning thousands of words in Latin, nearly all of which seem to have English derivatives. But there are more reasons to study Latin than a larger vocabulary and higher SAT scores. One is contained in the expression “all that grammar.” All that grammar is exactly what students get in Latin that they don’t get in French or Spanish. To really understand the structure of language (and that’s what grammar is), students must study a structured language. In Latin, grammar is the organizing principle, rather than a vestige, as it is in most modern languages. Students who learn English grammar by comparison and contrast with Latin grammar, develop an understanding of language far superior to anything that can be achieved by the study of modern languages alone. Why do we even care about grammar anyway? Most parents I know are really concerned about the poor writing skills of their children and feel that an understanding of grammar will help them write with more clarity and precision. Parents have an uneasy feeling that the muddled writing of their children is evidence of muddled thinking. Studying a disciplined, organized language like Latin helps students learn to think in a more disciplined, organized way. The very nature of the language aff ects the way students think and write.

Simplify Your Curriculum There is a lot of interest in unit studies among homeschoolers today. I think there are several reasons for this. One is lack of retention. Have you ever taught what you thought was the greatest lesson ever, only to realize three months later that your children swear they never heard of the subject? How dare they forget what you were sure they would remember forever! Another frustration of homeschooling is all that curriculum. So much to learn, so many books, so many programs, so litt le time. Isn’t there any way to pull all of this knowledge together and consolidate? A third reason is fragmentation. If we could only make more connections between all of the various fi elds

1-877-862-1097

of knowledge, there would be more meaning in their education and less learning for the short term. I think all three of these reasons may be diff erent ways of expressing the same idea. As my children went through their elementary years, I felt that there was something missing. There was no subject rigorous and challenging enough to train and discipline their minds, and there was no focus that helped pull everything else together. I experimented with teaching them Latin and, although I did not have the materials I needed for their age, I found that I had fi nally discovered the subject that was my heart’s desire. My background was in math and science, but I fell in love with Latin. The more I worked with Latin, the more I realized it was an educator’s dream. Latin is the mother tongue of Western civilization. Because it has been the language that has transmitt ed our cultural heritage for over 2000 years, it pulls together language arts, history, geography, culture, art, architecture, music, values, religion, government, science, math. Everything in the modern world seems to be related to Latin and the ancient and medieval cultures that spoke it. By examining the roots of our culture in its mother language, knowledge begins to integrate naturally. The best way to put it is this: Latin is a unit study where the work is done for you. Latin is the Basic Subject because it is the Basic Language, and the way to really get back to the basics is to study Latin. This will be a new concept to many people, but those parents struggling to integrate and simplify their curriculums (not to mention their lives) will fi nd in the study of Latin, not just a language, but an organizing principle that could revolutionize their homeschools.

An Ideal Latin Sequence TRIVIUM STAGE

Primary Grammar Prep

GRADE

2nd 3rd

LATIN PROGRAM *Prima Latina

(Beginning program for grades 1-4)

*Latina Christiana I

(Beginning program for grades 3-6)

4th

*First Form Latin

5th

Second Form Latin

6th

Third Form Latin

Logic Stage

7th

Fourth Form Latin/Henle I

How to use the grammar - syntax & translation skills

8th

Henle II (Caesar) or *Henle Latin I for those beginning Latin in grades 8+

9th

Henle II

(Caesar)

Rhetoric Stage

10th

Henle III

(Cicero)

Read Latin literature

11th

Ovid

12th

AP Virgil

Grammar Stage Memorize the Latin grammar

(Beginning program for grades 5-12)

(syntax & Caesar prep)

Latin: The Next Step After Phonics

"This is the best-structured course on any subject I have ever seen." - Andrew Pudewa, Institute for Excellence in Writing

First For m Latin $115 complete set

(all 5 books, CD, DVDs, flashcards)

$55 basic set

Second For m Latin $115 complete set

(all 5 books + CD)

(all 5 books, CD, DVDs, flashcards)

$55 basic set (all 5 books + CD)

Online Class (p. 42)

Latin Grammar Year One

Latin Grammar Year Two

by Cheryl Lowe Grades 5+ (or any age if completed Latina Christiana I) • 5 noun declensions • 1st - 2nd declension adjectives • 1st - 2nd conjugations in 6 tenses (active voice) • sum in 6 tenses • Syntax: nominative and accusative cases; complementary infi nitive; subject-verb agreement; noun-adjective agreement; predicate nouns and adjectives

"... I was quite reluctant to change programs, but I'm glad I did! It is well laid out, presents the information in bite-sized pieces, has a good amount of review and worksheets for each lesson, and explains the grammar and information very well." - Linda

by Cheryl Lowe Grades 6+

• 2nd declension -er -ir nouns and adjectives • 3rd declension i-stem nouns • 3rd declension adjectives of one termination • 1st and 2nd person pronouns and possessive pronoun adjectives • Prepositions with ablative and accusative • Adverbs and questions • 3rd, 3rd –io, and 4th conjugations in 6 tenses (active voice) • Present system passive of 1st - 4th conjugations and -io verbs • Syntax: genitive of possession; dative of indirect object; ablative of means and agent

Based on 20 years of teaching experience, First Form’s grammar-fi rst approach focuses on grammar forms and vocabulary because those are the grammar stage skills suitable for the grammar stage student. However, the First Form series is for students of all ages because all beginners, regardless of age, are in the grammar stage of learning. Syntax (how to use the grammar) and translation are logic and rhetoric stage skills, respectively, and quickly overwhelm the student unless they are introduced at a slow, gentle pace and taught for mastery. First Form is the ideal text for all beginners, grades 5 and up, or is a great follow-up to Latina Christiana I. Student Text

• 34 two-page lessons on facing pages • Small, concise, unintimidating text in an att ractive two-color format • Systematic presentation of grammar in fi ve logical units • Appendices with English grammar, prayers, conversational Latin, vocab. index, & more!

Student Workbook

• 4-6 pages of exercises for each lesson • Exercises for practice and mastery • Grammar catechism for daily rapid-fi re review

Latin

Teacher Manuals

• Key to workbook & quizzes/tests • Copy of student book inset with comprehensive teaching instructions • Recitation schedule • Chalk Talk scripted lessons • FYI notes for teachers w/ limited background

Quizzes & Tests

• Reproducible weekly quizzes & unit tests

Pronunciation CD

view samples online: www.MemoriaPress.com

DVDs

• 3 discs, 9 hours (15-20 min./lesson) • Superb explanations • On-screen notes, illustrations, & diagrams • Recitations, Latin parties, & more!

Flashcards

• Vocabulary with derivatives • Latin sayings • Conjugations • Declensions

• Includes the pronunciation of all vocabulary, sayings, and grammar forms for each lesson

www.MemoriaPress.com

Third For m Latin $115 complete set

(all 5 books, CD, DVDs, flashcards)

Fourth For m Latin

$55 basic set

$140 complete set

(all 5 books + CD)

(all 5 books, CD, DVDs, flashcards + Henle I text, key, & grammar)

$80 basic set

(all 5 books, CD + Henle I text, key, & grammar)

Online Class (p. 42)

Latin Grammar Year Three

Latin Grammar Year Four NEW!

by Cheryl Lowe Grades 7+

by Michael Simpson & Cheryl Lowe Grades 8+

• Perfect system passive of 1st - 4th conjugations and -io verbs • 4th declension neuter nouns • 3rd declension adjectives of one and three terminations • Imperative mood, vocative case • Nine irregular adjectives • Regular and irregular comparison of adjectives and adverbs • Pronouns: 3rd person, demonstrative, intensive, reflexive • Active and passive subjunctive of 1st - 4th conjugations and -io verbs • Syntax: apposition; adjectives used as nouns; objective and partitive genitive; subjunctive in purpose clauses; exhortations; deliberative questions

• Participles, infinitives, gerunds, and gerundives • Deponent verbs • Irregular verbs, including eo, fero, and volo • Plural nouns • Locative Case • Pronouns: relative and interrogative • Syntax: double accusative; relative clauses; sequence of tenses and indirect questions; impersonal verbs; indirect statements (accusative with infinitive construction); gerundive of obligation

Fourth Form sets without Henle I: $115 complete set $55 basic set (all 5 books, CD, DVDs, flashcards)

(all 5 books + CD)

*Henle Latin is required for Fourth Form.

Latin Supplements

Lingua Angelica I: Latin Songs & Prayers

(Translation Course)

by Cheryl Lowe

Latin Grammar Wall Charts First Form $20.00 (4 charts) 33" x 17" Second Form $20.00 (3 charts) 33" x 17"

$39.95 set (student & teacher, Song Book, & CD) Student $11.95 | Teacher $16.95 | Song Book* $9.95 | Music CD* $11.95 Lingua Angelica covers 28 beautiful hymns sung by a six-voice Gregorian chant choir. Because hymns have shorter, simpler sentences and clearer word structure than most Latin literature, the Christian Latin in this course is ideal when beginning Latin translation. In both LA I and II, the student book provides vocabulary work, space for interlinear translation, and grammar word study exercises. The teacher manual has a complete copy of the student book (w/answers) as well as instructions on how to use the course, making the teaching easier.

Lingua Angelica II Student $11.95 | Teacher $16.95

*Song Book and music CD are used for both LA I and II. (see above)

1-877-862-1097

Seeing grammar forms organized on wall charts is a great visual aid for Latin grammar students. They are also a great aid for teachers during Latin recitations. Our grammar charts are in a large easyto-read format that help students see the organization of the Latin grammar at a quick glance.

First & Second Form Desk Charts $12.95

(First & Second Form together in one package) 8.5" x 11"

We have down-sized our First and Second Form Wall Charts into handy desk charts for individual student use. These are especially handy for homeschoolers who don't have wall space for poster-sized charts.

Latin

Henle Latin I:

Advanced Christian Latin by Robert Henle Grades 8+

$28.45 set (Text, Grammar, & Key)

Text $16.95 | Key $5.00 | Henle Grammar (used all 4 years) $9.50

In the First Year text, a limited vocabulary of 500 words allows students to master grammar without being overwhelmed with large vocabulary lists. Repetitious Latin phrases and copious exercises produce mastery rather than frustration, and the mixture of Christian and classical content is appealing to students.

Henle Latin II-IV: Advanced Christian Latin by Robert Henle Grades 9+

Choose from Henle Latin II, II, or IV Text $15.95 ea. | Key $5.00 ea.

Note: Though Henle is considered a Catholic text, its superiority as a teaching resource and the outstanding benefits of its Christian perspective also make it appropriate for Protestants.

Supplements: The Book of Roots, Roots of English, Lingua Angelica, and Lingua Biblica

Memoria Press Guides to the National Latin Exam NEW by Cheryl Lowe Grades 5+

Introduction $9.95 | Level I $14.95 | Level II $19.95

Î&#x2014;enle Latin I: Study Guides Study Guide (Units 1-2, Units 3-5, or Units 6-14) $14.95 ea. Test/Quiz Package (Units 1-2, Units 3-5, or Units 6-14) $9.95 ea. Need a litt le more guidance on how to use Henle? Our student guides will tell the student what to do at every step of the way. Each is broken down into 30 weekly lessons with daily student activities. Detailed, thorough, and well-organized, with check-off boxes for completed work, these guides will ease your transition into Henle. View samples online: www.MemoriaPress.com

Latin Copybook Cursive: Hymns & Prayers Grades 4+

The National Latin Exam provides an opportunity for students to compare their Latin knowledge with students across the nation. Nearly 150,000 students take this exam annually. Our Guides to the National Latin Exam include the vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, as well as the Roman culture, history, mythology, and geography commonly found on these exams. Guides are broken down for each level, beginning with the Introduction level of the NLE. Our NLE guides, paired with previous exams you can download from the NLE website, make a great preparation for student success on the National Latin Exam.

Henle Latin & NLE Prep. Online Classes (p. 42)

Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage by Cheryl Lowe (All Ages)

$14.95

This copybook has simple, clean pages to provide handwriting practice. It starts with an introduction to forming lett ers and numbers. Then students move to classroom Latin followed by sayings and hymns from Latina Christiana and the First Form Latin series. While improving their handwriting, students will memorize timeless Latin sayings and beautiful hymns.

A Latin grammar is a compendium of grammar forms and syntax in a systematic, concise, and easily accessible reference book. Designed specifi cally for students, Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage includes all conjugations and declensions, plus a very basic introduction to Latin syntax (how to use the grammar). An essential resource for mastery and review, it can be used with the First Form series or any other Latin program.

Latin

Roots of English:

Latin and Greek Roots for Beginners by Paul Oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Brien Grades 6-8 $19.95 In order to learn words with Latin and Greek roots and use them appropriately, a young student needs to understand the meanings of their roots, prefi xes, and suffi xes. Roots of English presents careful analysis of these word elements so that the student learns not only the modern meanings of the words, but also their underlying, ancient meanings. Most of the Latin roots covered in this book correspond to the Latina Christiana I Latin vocabulary set.

www.MemoriaPress.com

Greek Alphabet Book

NEW

by Cheryl Lowe, Grades 3+ Student $15.00 | Key $10.00

Though the Greek alphabet is similar to our English alphabet, it is also diﬀerent enough to be a major impediment to the study of Greek. Delving into the Greek grammar and learning the alphabet at the same time is overwhelming for almost everyone. Give yourself the time to master the Greek letters and become comfortable with them before you plunge into Greek. Memoria Press’ Greek Alphabet program is a tour of the Greek letters, their formation, and sounds. A page is devoted to each letter and includes a letter diagram with arrows showing proper formation, printing lines showing placement of letters above and below the lines, letters to trace and copy, interesting facts and hints to help remember the letter’s sound, and questions. Each lesson consists of three letters, a review page, and a quiz.

First Start French I:

Introduction to the French Language by Danielle Schultz Grades 5-8

$39.95 set (student, teacher, CD)

Student $17.50 | Teacher $17.50 | CD $8.95 Modeled after the Latina Christiana format, each of the lessons covers 10-15 vocabulary words, a French saying or proverb, a grammar form, and a short dialogue in French. Your students will practice conversation, reading and translation, and are introduced to French culture. The Teacher Manual helps keep you ahead of your student, while quizzes and answer keys make it easy to check progress.

First Start French II $39.95 set (student, teacher, CD)

Elementary Greek Program by Christine Gatchell, Grades 4+

Choose from Years One, Two, or Three:

$50.00 set for each year (text, workbook, cd, flashcards) Text $18.95 ea. | Workbook $12.95 ea. CD $12.95 ea. | Flashcards $12.95 ea.

Finally, a Greek text that’s both simple and substantial! Designed to be used as a full course for teaching children as young as third grade, Elementary Greek may also serve as a self-teaching program for teens and adults. No previous knowledge is necessary, and each concept is covered thoroughly and reviewed regularly throughout the course. Thirty weeks of daily lessons ensure a complete school year of brief, incremental lessons with no additional planning. Year One of this course introduces the Greek alphabet, basic vocabulary, grammar, and translation. The accompanying workbook is a vital resource that provides practice and application for each step of the way. An audio companion CD is available to aid in pronunciation of individual letters, words, grammar paradigms, and passages. The set also includes ﬂashcards that cover every vocabulary word used in the text.

Student $17.50 | Teacher $17.50 | CD $8.95

The Book of Roots: Advanced Vocabulary Building From Latin Roots by Paul O’Brien Grades 8+

Lingua Biblica:

Old Testament Stories in Latin by Martin Cothran Grades 9+

Student $24.95 | Key $1.95

Student $19.95 | Teacher $19.95

More advanced than Roots of English, The Book of Roots offers a comprehensive listing of derivatives for Latina Christiana I, along with Latin definitions, English derivatives, and etymology. There is also a section of weekly exercises that provides reinforcement. Ideal as a vocabulary roots course, this book also has significant practical appeal: it is an ideal standardized test prep book, training students to uncover the meanings of words by deciphering parts. A great resource for students who love words!

This is an exciting supplementary translation program based on the Vulgate Bible. It provides a sampling of Bible story translations and exercises that will fortify the student’s knowledge of Latin vocabulary and grammar. A great companion to the Henle series, each lesson includes three levels of study. Level I has the easiest sentence translations. Level II includes more advanced sentence translations. Finally, Level III includes the entire translation with advanced exercises.

1-877-862-1097

Greek Wall & Desk Charts NEW 22'' x 34'' Wall Charts $12.95 8.5" x 11" Desk Charts $8.95

(2 Charts/Set) (2 Charts/Set)

This set, made up of two alphabet charts, makes a great visual aid for the teacher, classroom, and home. One chart has the upper- and lowercase letters of the Greek alphabet with their names in English and Greek. The second chart lists diphthongs, accent marks, pronunciation helps, and syllable names. These charts come in two sizes—posters for the classroom and small charts for individual student use.

Latin, Greek, & French

People who pay attention to education know that the question of how to teach children to read is a controversial one. But what they may not know is that it only became controversial relatively late, historically speaking.

The History of Phonics

here was a time when there was no phonetic alphabet as we know it. Written language, in fact, began with pictures that represented ideas. The most familiar example is Egyptian hieroglyphics. But the invention of the alphabet―a set of symbols that represent, not ideas, but sounds―was a revolution of huge cultural proportions. Most historians attribute this innovation to the Phoenicians, a race of commercial traders who needed an easier way to communicate and conduct their business. Rather than having to learn thousands of different symbols representing all the different spoken words in a language, the invention of the phonetic alphabet allowed the quick learning of a few symbols that could be parlayed into a multitude of words. Later, Greek and Roman students were taught their language's alphabet and how it was used to form words. Quintilian, the great Roman teacher of rhetoric, begins his Institutes of Oratory, written in the first century A.D., with an account of how children should be taught the letters and sounds of the Roman language. In our own country, we can trace the phonetic approach to reading and spelling back to the very first school text: the New England Primer, published in 1690. The first challenges to the phonetic approach to reading in the United States came from people like Benjamin Franklin and Noah Webster during the founding period. They wanted to reform English spelling partly in order to iron out some of the www.MemoriaPress.com

by Martin Cothran Martin Cothran, a writer and teacher, is the director of the Classical Latin School Association, editor of The Classical Teacher magazine, and the author of Memoria Press' Traditional Logic, Material Logic, Classical Rhetoric, and Lingua Biblica.

language's irregularities, but also to standardize spelling across the different regions of the new nation. Their motivation was primarily patriotic: They wanted a uniform language with standardized spelling that would unite the nation, not just politically, but linguistically. Their attempts at such reforms were met with little success. It was not until the middle of the 1800s, however, that any serious challenge was mounted against the dominant phonetic method of reading. Horace Mann, the father of American public schools, came back to America after a visit to Europe determined to change the way reading was taught—from a bottom-up approach in which letters and sounds were learned before words, to a top-down approach in which words were learned first. Mann's method came to dominate the teaching of reading in many parts of the country and inaugurated the "reading wars" as we have come to know them: the seemingly ceaseless contest between phonics and whole word approaches. Mann had visited Europe during its historically brief flirtation with the "child-centered" romanticism advocated by figures such as Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi and his student Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel. This education romanticism most affected Germany and England (Mann was particularly impressed with the Prussian schools), although these two countries had largely righted themselves by the mid-twentieth century. The whole word method reasserted itself with a vengeance in America around the turn of the twentieth 1-877-862-1097

century, with prominent educators such as Colonel Francis Wayland Parker, an influential Massachusetts superintendent, John Dewey, and Dewey's teacher at Johns Hopkins University, G. Stanley Hall, all appealing to developments in child psychology to press their case. But it was William S. Gray, Dean of the University of Chicago's School of Education, and Arthur I. Gates, the Director of the Institute of Education Research at Columbia University, who were instrumental in the decades-long dominance of whole word reading. From the 1920s, when Dewey's progressivism came to dominate the nation's schools, whole word approaches reigned supreme. It was the whole word or "look-say" approach that produced the popular "Dick and Jane" readers, developed by Gray for Scott Foresman Publishing, that became familiar to several generations of American students. It was this approach that was savaged by one of the most popular books on education ever written: Why Johnny Can't Read, by Rudolf Flesch, a book that landed like a bombshell in 1955 and has remained in continuous print ever since. The book launched a full-scale assault on the "look-say" reading method and reignited the "reading wars" that have continued to this day. Flesch, an editor at the Saturday Evening Post, one of the most popular magazines of the time, used his prodigious skills as a popular writer to undermine the credibility of the whole language approach, calling it the "Chinese approach" to teaching English, The History of Phonics

pointing out that it tried to teach English, a phonetic language, as if it were a picture language like Chinese. To do this, he argued, was to abandon the numerous advantages phonetic languages have over nonphonetic languages. Flesch's widely read book discredited the whole word method among much of the reading public but had limited effect on the education establishment, which for the most part refused to change its emphasis on "look-say," a fact that Flesch himself complained about in the sequel to his original book, titled Why Johnny Still Can't Read, which was published in 1981. But despite the intransigence of the education establishment, the fifty years following the publication of Flesch's first book saw the progressive deterioration of the credibility of the whole word approach. The next blow came with the publication in 1967 of Jeanne Chall's Learning to Read: The Great Debate. Chall's credentials included the fact that she headed the Harvard Reading Laboratory. The book catalogued the mounting research in favor of early instruction in phonics. Chall took a less polemic approach to the issue than Flesch and cited a wealth of research evidence in favor of phonics. The growing evidence put increasing pressure on those in charge of the nation's schools to rethink their loyalty to an approach that was beginning to lose its credibility even in the research community.

Finally, in 2000, the National Reading Panel released its report, which was all but the last nail in the coffin of the view that the whole word approach to reading instruction best served the interests of children. One of the largest research projects ever conducted, it reviewed all of the existing research on reading and found conclusively that early, systematic instruction in phonics is the best way to teach children how to read. Although the panel's report has not quieted all opposition to phonics, it has succeeded in breaking the death grip of the whole word approach on reading instruction in the nation's schools. Most reading instruction today, although couched in rhetoric about "balanced" and "mixed" approaches, at least reflects an acknowledgment that early training in letter-sound correspondences and the basic patterns of English spelling are essential to good reading instruction. Major education publishers have now aligned their programs to the Reading Panel's basic recommendations (partly because states such as California and Texas, the largest purchasers of school textbooks, now require phonics instruction. The contests over reading today resemble not so much a war as they do the clearing of the field after battle. The "reading wars" are over and phonics has won. The details about the best phonics methods still need to be worked out; but at least now we can read in peace.

The Great Tradition: Classic Readings in What It Means to Be an Educated Human Being edited by Richard Gamble

$20.00

The Latin-Centered Curriculum:

A Home Educator's Guide to a Latin-Centered Curriculum by Andrew A. Campbell Novel $17.95 | eBook 12.95

The Great Books:

A Journey Through 2,500 Years of the West's Classic Literature by Anthony O'Hear

$22.00

Climbing Parnassus:

A New Apologia for Greek and Latin by Tracy Lee Simmons

$15.00 22

The History of Phonics

Volume 1: Ancient Times $16.95 (paperback only) Volume 2: The Middle Ages $16.95 (paperback only) Volume 3: Early Modern Times $16.95 (paperback only) Volume 4: The Modern Age $16.95 (paperback only)

The Story of the World by Susan Wise Bauer Grades 1-8

We have always been fans of Susan Wise Bauer's Story of the World series, and now we have added it as supplemental summer reading for our Classical Core packages (pp. 8-9). Each volume fits perfectly as an overview to the time period students will be studying in the coming year. These books make a great addition to any classroom!

www.MemoriaPress.com

Alphabet Books

Recommended for Ages 4-5

$30.00 (2-book set) Learning the alphabet is the critical first step in learning how to read. The Alphabet Book teaches letter recognition, letter formation, and pencil grip through repetition and tracing. Activities, created with the younger student in mind, make learning each letter simple and fun. This book also introduces initial and ending sounds, providing a gentle introduction to phonics. The Alphabet Book acts as a great supplement to any primary program or full-year preschool/kindergarten program.

Coloring Books

Alphabet & Numbers Recommended for Ages 4-5

$6.00 ea. Have you been searching high and low for junior kindergarten activities that are fun and instructional? Look no further! These coloring books have simple line drawings on uncluttered pages! The Alphabet Coloring Book has a 2-page spread for each letter, and the Numbers Coloring Book has two sets of 2-page spreads for numbers 0-12. These books are the perfect supplement to any junior kindergarten program.

The Book of Crafts

for Junior Kindergarten Classical Core Curriculum Supplement by Tara Luse

$16.95 The creative arts are an essential part of the primary school education. By using the activities in this book, you can reinforce number and letter recognition, strengthen fine motor skills, and foster creativity and confidence. This book is for the youngest crafters and is intended to be a supplement to our Junior Kindergarten curriculum. For easy reference, the crafts are separated into three categories: Literature Crafts, Letter Crafts, and Review Day Crafts. While the crafts in this book have been carefully chosen to promote skill growth and coordination, the most important component is fun. Enjoy each of your creations and the time spent together making them!

Alphabet Flashcards $10.00 (4¼'' x 5½") These flashcards are modeled after our manuscript Alphabet Wall Charts. Each letter is on one side of the card, and the image beginning with that letter is on the flip side. These are perfect for reinforcing your child's letter recognition and beginning sounds.

1-877-862-1097

First Start Reading:

Phonics, Reading, and Printing by Cheryl Lowe Recommended for Kindergarten

$42.95 set (Books A, B, C, & D + Teacher Guide) Your children can begin reading instantly as they progress through 4 simple student books and 34 phonetic stories. The Teacher Guide includes helpful assessments, tips, and more! • consonants • short & long vowels • 57 common words • manuscript printing • artist-drawn coloring pictures • drawing pages for every letter FSR is a balanced, age-appropriate approach to phonics and reading, with a serious focus on correct pencil grip and letter formation. Also, while many phonics programs today use the ladder approach (consonant-vowel blending), we prefer the more traditional (vowel-consonant) approach combined with word families. Mastery of short vowels is the sine qua non of phonics programs, but few programs provide adequate practice. *Note: Printing, an important pathway of the learning process, is an integral part of FSR. Some children, however, are reading-ready before their motor skills are developed enough for printing. If this is the case with your child, you may use FSR without the printing component.

Classical Phonics

A Child's Guide to Word Mastery Grades K-2

$15.95 Classical Phonics consists of phonetically-arranged word lists for students to practice their growing word recognition skills. In a word list there are no context clues, so the learner must rely on his mastery of letter sounds. For instance, if your child can pronounce each word in this list correctly – pot, pat, pit, put, pet – he knows his short vowel sounds, and you can move on to long vowels! If not, he needs more practice, and Classical Phonics is the most effective tool we know of to address the repetition that young ones need when learning to read. It can be used as a supplement to any phonics program and covers nearly all English phonograms and sounds taught through second grade. Classical Phonics is your go-to resource for phonics practice and for building confident readers. Classical Phonics is a teacher and student guide all in one. It provides thorough, concise phonics explanations at the bottom of most pages, giving you the background you need to teach phonics even if you never learned it yourself.

Primary Education

Numbers Books

Memoria Press Copybook Series

by Leigh Lowe Recommended for Kindergarten

by Cheryl & Leigh Lowe Grades K-2

$30.00 (2-book set) Written by Leigh Lowe (author of Prima Latina), the Numbers Book is the perfect introduction to numbers, counting, and patterns. Lots of tracing practice also makes this book ideal for the slightly older student who has already mastered counting, but still needs extra practice writing numbers. The activities (mazes, coloring, pattern recognition, connect the dots, and more!) are so much fun that your student won't be able to wait for the next lesson!

Enrichment Guides

(Kindergarten or First Grade)

$19.95 These supplemental guides are organized by week, matching our Classical Core Kindergarten and First Grade programs. Each guide includes an overview of each read-aloud book, author and illustrator biographies, oral reading questions, and a simple language lesson. These activities will help bring each read-aloud book alive for your student. Also included are resources for the history, culture, and science lessons, biographies of the artists and composers, and poetry lessons.

Alphabet Wall Charts (11'' x 17'') Manuscript Charts $14.95 Cursive Charts $14.95 (New American Cursive font) Visual aids reinforce each letter of the alphabet while young students learn to read and write or practice their cursive penmanship. With beautiful letters, colors, and hand-drawn illustrations, they also make great educational posters for your home and/or classroom!

Alphabet Wall Poster $7.00 (22'' x 34'') We created this chart upon the request of our homeschool customers. This poster-sized chart has the alphabet listed in manuscript and cursive. If you don't have the wall space for our Alphabet Wall Charts, this poster is the perfect resource for your students!

Art Cards (5½" x 8½")

Kindergarten $9.95 1st Grade $9.95 2nd Grade $9.95

Enrich your child's primary educational experience with beautiful pieces of art from the most influential artistic movements in history including the Renaissance, Romanticism, Impressionism, and more! These supplements are coordinated with our primary Classical Core Curricula.

Primary Education

$39.95 set (Copybooks I-III) Copybook I $14.95 | Copybook II $14.95 | Copybook III $14.95 These three-in-one wonders include memory passages, copybook exercises, and drawing pages. We have selected Scripture from the King James Bible and classic children’s poems, such as those by Robert Louis Stevenson, which describe the world in charming detail. Our copybooks introduce basic strokes and margin/spacing guidelines, along with alphabet practice pages with traceable characters and instructions for difficult letters.

Copybook Cursive:

Scripture & Poems (New American Cursive)

$14.95 Now get our original Copybook III in cursive! Filled with the same Scripture and poetry in our original Copybook III, but formatted in the New American Cursive font, our second graders complete this copybook alongside New American Cursive 2. Also a good choice for older students who need cursive practice.

Composition & Sketchbook $7.95 ea.

Choose from: I, II, or III Our Composition & Sketchbook allows each student to write and illustrate compositions. This book is a great resource for all subjects and becomes a journal of your child's work for each year. And now we have expanded our line of Composition & Sketchbooks to include two new titles:

Composition & Sketchbook I: NEW 5/8" Ruled for Younger Students

This font is ruled with a middle dashed line, and each page is divided in half so that students draw on the top half of the page and write on the bottom half. So, 4-5 year old students aren't overwhelmed by a 2-page spread.

Composition & Sketchbook III: NEW College-Ruled for Older Students

This book is laid out in a 2-page spread with an entire page for a picture on the left-hand side and a page of college-ruled lines on the right-hand side. Grammar school students will be very comfortable with this more mature format.

www.MemoriaPress.com

Book of Trees NEW

Book of Astronomy

Grades 6+

Grades 3+

Student $14.95 | Teacher $16.95 This astronomy program covers stars, constellations, and the motion of the earth, as well as the sky as seen throughout all the seasons, including the “Summer Triangle” and seasonal zodiacs. This program was developed with third graders in mind, but it is also great for older students!

Book of Insects Grades 4+

$48.00 set

(reader, student, teacher, Peterson Guide)

Student $14.95 | Teacher $16.95 | Text $14.95 | eBook $12.00 Peterson Guide $6.95 This set includes a classic reader that takes a narrative approach to the life of insects and a workbook that takes your student through the different kinds of insects.

$59.00 set

(reader, student, teacher, Peterson Guide, Tree Book for Kids & Their Grown-Ups)

Student $14.95 | Teacher $16.95 | Peterson Guide $6.95 | Text $14.95 | Tree Book for Kids and Their Grown-ups $15.95 Does your student know that the very gift of breath is the result of the oxygen that trees and plants put into the air? Or that trees and plants provide the means of sustenance for all life on earth? Our new Trees Reader, along with a student workbook and teacher key, will teach your student both plant morphology and taxonomy (the different parts and different kinds of plants), as well as photosynthesis and respiration. Other chapters cover flowers and fruits. As much of modern science instruction becomes increasingly dominated by a focus on technology and scientific abstractions, teachers, parents, and students will appreciate programs like this one that return to the traditional focus on the wonders of nature. Complete with Memoria Press Quizzes, Reviews, & Tests

What’s That Bird? Grades 5+

$48.00 set

(reader, student, teacher, Peterson Guide, coloring book)

Student $11.95 | Teacher $12.95 | Text $14.95 | Peterson Guide $6.95 | Coloring Book $8.95

J. H. Tiner Series

What’s That Bird? teaches students about birds, their anatomy, and how they live. The workbook includes facts to know, comprehension questions, and characteristics of individual birds. Students will learn about 30 common birds, as well as several incredible birds! Turn this Birds Unit Study into a full-year science course with the addition of J. H. Tiner’s Exploring the History of Medicine. The World of Animals $24.99

(K-2nd grade)

This book investigates and describes the anatomy, behavior, and habitats of over 1,000 animals. It makes a great additional science resource for use with our Kindergarten, First, and Second Grade Classical Core Curriculum packages (pp. 6-7).

Choose from: Exploring the History of Medicine Exploring Planet Earth Exploring the World of Mathematics Exploring the World of Chemistry Exploring the World of Physics Exploring the World of Biology

Grades 5+ Grades 6+ Grades 6+ Grades 6+ Grades 6+ Grades 6+

We love John H. Tiner's science books for middle school students. He writes from a biblical perspective and has won numerous awards for his books on science and medicine for young people. They are excellent introductions to the people and places central to the planet earth, the history of medicine, biology, chemistry, mathematics, and physics. These illustrated books have review questions and activities after every chapter, and Memoria Press has added additional supplemental review questions to each chapter, unit reviews, unit tests, and a final exam for each book in the series.

The Well-Trained Mind:

The Well-Educated Mind:

$27.95

$25.00

A Guide to Classical Education at Home, 3rd Edition by Susan Wise Bauer & Jessie Wise

Text $13.99 ea. Quizzes, Reviews, & Tests $8.00 ea.

Science

A Guide to the Classical Education You Never Had by Susan Wise Bauer

www.MemoriaPress.com

The Story of the Thirteen Colonies & the Great Republic Grades 5-8

$39.95 set (text, student, teacher)

Novel $16.95 | eBook $14.00 | Student $17.95 | Teacher $17.95 We have combined Guerber's The Story of the Thirteen Colonies and The Story of the Great Republic into one edited volume that makes it a perfect one-year survey of American history for the middle school years. The study guide includes important facts, vocabulary, and comprehension questions for each chapter, as well as enrichment activities such as mapwork, drawings, research, writing assignments, and more!

States & Capitals Grades 3-6

$32.00 set (text, student, teacher) Text $7.99 | Student $12.95 Teacher $12.95

In this study guide each state is given a 2-page spread that includes a map with room to write the state capital, nickname, abbreviation, and fun facts about the state. By the end of this year-long course, students will be able to map all 50 states and capitals. We recommend that this guide be used with Don’t Know Much About the 50 States.

Geography I:

The Middle East, North Africa, & Europe Grades 4+

Text $14.95 | Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95 A unique geography program designed for students pursuing a classical education, Geography of the Middle East, North Africa, and Europe covers the area that constituted the ancient Roman Empire. Each region is explored in its historical context in “History’s Headlines” as well as in the present in “Tour of Today.”

The United States

Review of States & Capitals (shown above) Grades 4+ Workbook $5.00 | Key, Quizzes, Tests $7.95

This study guide will help students retain the knowledge they gained in their study of States & Capitals. This review takes very little time and makes a great companion to Geography I.

$48.00 set (Geography I Text,

Workbook, and Teacher Guide + United States Review Workbook & Teacher Key)

1-877-862-1097

200 Questions About American History Guide $9.95 | Key $5.00

We have compiled a list of 200 questions that everyone should know about American history. The questions come directly from our newly edited The Story of the Thirteen Colonies & the Great Republic (left), Everything You Need to Know About American History Homework, and Story of the World, Vol. 4.

Everything You Need to Know About American History Homework $9.99 This book, filled with charts, maps, timelines, and short summaries of important facts about American history, makes a great companion to Guerber's The Story of the Thirteen Colonies and the Great Republic (top left).

The Artner Reader's Guide to American History Grades 3-8

$14.95 The Artners have read and researched, selected and catalogued, the best of children’s American history books— both in and out of print.

Geography II:

Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, Oceania, & the Americas Grades 5+ Text $14.95 | Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95

After studying Geography I, students are ready to cover areas of the world outside the ancient Roman Empire. Each lesson includes physical features, history, and culture. Students will continue to deepen their understanding of past and present as they learn about ancient and modern countries.

Geography I Review

The Middle East, North Africa, & Europe Grades 4+ Workbook $5.00 | Key, Quizzes, Tests $7.95

This study guide will help students retain the knowledge they gained in their study of Geography I. This review takes very little time and makes a great companion to Geography II.

$48.00 set

(Geography II Text, Workbook, and Teacher Guide + Geography I Review Workbook & Teacher Key)

American/Modern Studies

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

6th

7th

Primary

Jr. K

877-862-1097

Over 25 Literature Guides! (pp. 44-45)

Grades 3-8

Grades 3+ Poetry (p. 48)

Grades 4-8

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths (p. 36)

Grades 5-8

Famous Men of Rome, Famous Men of the Middle Ages, & Famous Men of Greece (p. 36)

First Start French (p. 19)

Writing & Grammar

Grades 1-8

French

Classical Core Curriculum Packages for Jr. K through 7th Grade Everything you need for one year! (pp. 5-10)

Grades 6-8

Famous Men of Modern Times (p. 36)

Grades 3-6

English Grammar Recitation I-III (p. 48)

Grades 6-8 The Trojan War (p. 37)

Grades 3

Introduction Composition (p

Grades 6+ Horatius at the Bridge (p. 35)

Latin

Classical

Literature

packages

www.MemoriaPress.com

Logic/ Rhetoric

Grades 3-6

Latina Christiana (p. 13)

Grades 7+

Traditional Logic I & II (p. 32)

Grades 9+ Material Logic (p. 32)

Grades 5+

Grades 6+

First Form Latin (p. 16)

Grades 9+

Classical Rhetoric (p. 33)

Second Form Latin (p. 16)

Christian

Grades 1-4

Prima Latina (p. 12)

Grades 3-8

Christian Studies I-IV (p. 39)

Grades 7+

Third Form Latin (p. 17)

Grades 6-9

The Book of the Ancient World (p. 36)

Grades 10+ The Wars of the Jews (p. 38)

Fou

Grad

The C (p

Classical Christian Education for All Ages ...

Grades 3-6

Grades 4-12

Introduction to Composition (p. 48)

of the . 38)

English Grammar Recitation (p. 48)

Grades 6-9

Grades 7+

The Book of the Ancient Greeks, Ancient Romans, & Middle Ages (pp. 36-37)

Grades 8+

Fourth Form Latin (p. 17)

Grades 10+ The City of God (p. 38)

Grades K-1

Grades 1-4

First Start Reading (p. 23)

Grades 7+

Classical Composition (p. 49)

Modern

s 10+

Grade K

Numbers Books (p. 24)

Iliad & Odyssey (p. 37)

Grades 9+

Grades 3+

Greek Alphabet (p. 19)

Grades 8+ The Aeneid (p. 37)

Henle Latin w/ Memoria Press Guides (p. 18)

Grades 3-8

200 Questions About American History (p. 27)

Grades 3-6 States & Capitals (p. 27)

Grades K-2

New American Cursive (p. 25)

Science

Grade Jr. K

Alphabet Books (p. 23)

Greek

Primary

✓Complete curriculum packages ✓Customize your own package ✓Purchase books separately

Copybooks (p. 24)

Grades 4+

Elementary Greek Program, Years I-III (p. 19)

Grades 10+ The Divine Comedy (p. 38)

Grades 10+

On Obligations & The Republic and the Laws (p. 38)

Grades 5+

Memoria Press Science (p. 26)

Grades 4+

Geography I (p. 27)

Grades 5+

Geography II (p. 27)

Grades 5-8

Story of the Thirteen Colonies (p. 27)

Ariel Castro was being sentenced to 1,000 years in prison without parole for keeping several women hostage in his Cleveland home last year, he unwittingly articulated a view of human responsibility that is championed by many of our intellectuals. Castro insisted he did nothing wrong and blamed his crimes on addiction. This is a classic case of the psycho-sophistical blame shifting to which our society has become increasingly prone. Castro could point to numerous radio and television psychologists to justify his claim that, because he suffers from a psychological disease, he cannot be blamedâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;and should not be punishedâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;for his crimes. "I'm not a monster," he said. "I'm sick." The public was clearly not sympathetic to this claim. Castro's actions were still seen in moral rather than medical or psychological terms. But Castro was simply appealing to a mentality that has become all-pervasive in our cultureâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;a mentality that perceives human actions not in moral terms, but in generally scientistic and specifically psychological terms. Indeed, celebrity psychologists meet us at every cultural turn. They are the people we now go to in order to make sense of public scandal, largely because they provide us with a way to avoid having to see things in moral categories. When former California governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and golf champion Tiger Woods were involved in similar scandals, they employed the same rhetoric. Their actions, which would have been framed in purely moral terms in former times, were framed very differently in the light of our modern mentality.

Traditionally, public shame has been handled in what is essentially a three-step process. First there is the admission of guilt: "I did a bad thing." Second, there is the request for forgiveness for doing it: "I ask your understanding and forgiveness for what I have done." Finally, there is the promise to forswear any similar such behavior in the future: "I promise I will not do this again." We used to see this three-step drama performed over and over again whenever some public figure was found to have given in to some carnal temptation: They confessed, they said they were sorry, and they promised to change their profligate ways. But as the therapeutic mentality has asserted itself over our culture, the process has changed in a very dramatic, albeit subtle, way. Schwarzenegger (and this was almost exactly what happened in the Tiger Woods incident as well) first came out and admitted that he had done something wrong. So far, so good. Then he asked that he be forgiven. Other than his wife, who left him over the incident, most people were willing to forgive and forget. But the promise not to do it again was replaced by the announcement that he was going to seek "treatment" for his behavior. This is increasingly the pattern for penance employed by modern public figures. It sounds as if moral responsibility has been taken but, in fact, something outside of their control is being blamed.

Aristotle's Explanation of Why We Make Excuses for Ourselves

www.MemoriaPress.com

Necessary actions are either intrinsically necessary This shift from the moral to the therapeutic is or extrinsically necessary. Intrinsically necessary encouraged by the very people who usually see it actions we attribute to natu re . Extrinsically as their duty to see past the excuses. During the necessary actions we attribute to com pu lsion. Schwarzenegger scandal, Dr. Phil was called upon With a little help from our psychologist friends, by CNN's Anderson Cooper to explain what had we tend to move our actions from the left side of this happened and why. The celebrity psychologist chart (where we are responsible for our actions) to the attributed Schwarzenegger's problems to what he right side (where we are not). In this way the actions termed an "addiction." When questioned as to whether of the individual are portrayed as being outside the this excused him from blame, Dr. Phil adamantly realm of moral judgment. denied it did. But, in fact, he was talking out of both Human actions traditionally considered culpable sides of his mouth. are no longer moral conditions to be repented of; they Either it is a disease or it isn't. If it is a disease, then are medical conditions to be cured. the actions resulting from it are not voluntary since The psychological, therapeutic language has such diseases are not voluntary and are, therefore, immune a hold over us because it has the flavor of science, a from blame or punishment. If it is not a disease, then discipline at whose shrine so many of us worship. In he cannot be excused. fact, all human behavior, we are led to believe, can The Dr. Phils of the world want to cast be explained scientifically. The scientific explanation, themselves as scientists with the specialist's ability being a scientific explanation, will of necessity to divine the causes behind things, but also want to exclude any moral cause, since a moral cause is be able to deny the clear implication of what they necessarily non-scientific. say because it would not be well received from a The goal of scientism is to eliminate the idea of public that knows intuitively that people should be voluntary action altogether. Scientific materialism, held morally responsible. if it is consistent, cannot consider any action as Once again, we have to go back to the common voluntary. It must necessarily believe that every action sense psychology of Aristotle to make sense of the is involuntary because it is caused exclusively by prior tendency of people to shift blame to something or physical causes. The therapeutic view of human action someone else. is just one application of this wider worldview. In his Rhetoric, Aristotle identifies the seven Because Aristotle's division of human action is reasons people do things. Four of them are voluntary, free of the artificial restrictions of modern scientism and therefore have moral implications, and three of that exclude morality, it provides a better and more them are involuntary, and do not. comprehensive way to think about why humans do Any human action is, first, either voluntary or what they do. involuntary. If it is voluntary, it is either habitual or non-habitual. If it is habitual, we call it a HABIT. If it is not habitual, it is the result either of a WISH or non-rational craving. If it is the result of non-rational In his Rhetoric, Aristotle identifies the craving, it is either emotional or non-emotional. If seven reasons people do things. it is emotional, we place it under the category of PASSION. Those that are non-emotional we Four of them are voluntary place under the category of APPETITE. Human Action and three of them Involuntary actions are either necessary or unnecessary. are involuntary. Voluntary Involuntary Unnecessary actions are termed chance . Habitual (habit)

Rational Craving (wish) Emotional Craving (passion)

1-877-862-1097

Non-Habitual

Non-Rational Craving

Unnecessary (chance)

Necessary

Intrinsically Necessary (nature)

Extrinsically Necessary (compulsion)

Non-Emotional Craving (appetite)

Aristotle's Explanation of Why We Make Excuses for Ourselves

Handbook of Christian Apologetics:

Hundreds of Answers to Crucial Questions by Peter Kreeft & Ronald Tacelli

$22.00 *Optional Logic supplement This book is the perfect supplement for Traditional Logic. Modern skeptical arguments are here in abundance—all logically answered. Students love to see something they have learned incorporated into real books. This book will help your students see how important and useful traditional logic is, and at the same time fortify them in their faith.

Classical Rhetoric $140.00 complete set

(basic set + How to Read a Book & Figures of Speech)

$94.95 basic set

(student, key, DVDs, Aristotle's Rhetoric)

Classical Rhetoric by Martin Cothran Grades 9+

Classical Rhetoric with Aristotle is a guided tour through the first part of the greatest single book on communication ever written: Aristotle’s Rhetoric. With questions that will help the student unlock every important aspect of the book, along with fill-in-the-blank charts and analyses of great speeches, this companion text to Aristotle’s great work will send the student on a voyage of discovery from which he will return with a competent knowledge of the basic classical principles of speech and writing. This is more than just a course in English or public speaking. It involves a study of the fundamental principles of political philosophy, ethics, and traditional psychology. A student learns not only the elements of a political speech, but also the elements of good character; not only how to give a legal speech, but also the seven reasons people act; not only how to give a ceremonial speech, but what elicits specific emotions under particular circumstances and why. • Sample weekly plan • Clear explanation of lesson components • Easy-to-read layout • Reading questions • Figures of speech • Evaluative & analysis questions • How to Read a Book questions • Case studies from Homer, Plato, Shakespeare, Lincoln, Marc Antony, and much more!

"Our study of logic led us to use Martin Cothran’s book on rhetoric ... Our oldest finished it last month and ate it up; he wants to study constitutional law and we are very happy with the foundation he has received because of Cothran’s materials." - Kendra F.

1-877-862-1097

Socrates Meets Jesus: History’s Greatest Questioner Confronts the Claims of Christ by Peter Kreeft

$16.00 *Optional Logic supplement In this clever book, Socrates makes mincemeat of the arguments of skeptics who want to abandon reason when it comes to Christianity. Because of the copious use of logical syllogisms, this book makes a great supplement to Traditional Logic.

Aristotle's Rhetoric edited by Edward Corbett

$3.50 *REQUIRED for Classical Rhetoric This book contains the same Rhys Roberts translation used in Classical Rhetoric. Selected because of its clarity and simplicity, its carefully chosen terminology distinguishes this translation from all others currently available.

How to Read A Book:

A Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading by Mortimer Adler & Charles Van Doren

$16.99

*Strongly Recommended Rhetoric supplement How to Read a Book contains clear and useful instructions on how to determine what kind of book you are reading, the four levels of reading, and how to read different kinds of books. The principles in this book are applied directly to Aristotle's Rhetoric in Memoria Press' Classical Rhetoric.

Figures of Speech: 60 Ways to Turn a Phrase by Arthur Quinn

$31.95

*Strongly Recommended Rhetoric supplement This book presents 60 of the most common classical figures of speech and gives examples from classic literature of each. Memoria's Classical Rhetoric contains Figures of Speech exercises at the beginning of each chapter.

Logic

The Critical Thinking Skills Hoax

The Top 10 Reasons:

Why should

Christians

Reading Assignment: The Iliad by Homer

read the

pagan classics ? Reason #9: Human Condition by Cheryl Lowe

hen it comes to the human condition, we may think that Scripture is all we need. After all, Scripture does show us our true human condition in a way that the Greeks did not and could not: our relationship to God, that we are sinners, that we are a fallen race in need of redemption, that sin separates us from God, that God loves us and offers us grace and salvation. This is the good news that has been revealed by God in Scripture and in the person of Jesus Christ and nowhere else. Indeed, the Gospel was good news not only to the Jews, but also to the Greeks, whose standard of excellence, set by Socrates, was attainable by no one else. Read the Apology of Socrates, and you will see how good the good news was for the Greeks. It is inspiring but sad. I admire Socrates for his high ideals, but it is clear to me that I could never live up to his ideal of a soul that is truly worthy of immortality. Just as the Jews couldn’t live up to the law, the Greeks couldn’t live up to Socrates. Fortunately, salvation is a free gift. But Scripture does not explore the human condition and human character types and the human heart in all of its complexity, diversity, and perversity. God left that to us. For the exploration of the human condition we must go to our own literature, which begins with the Greeks. Let me give you an example. In the Iliad, Achilles knows that his fate is to die young. He seeks glory at a great price. He can continue to fight and die young but gloriously in war, the greatest of the Greek heroes to be sung about around the campfires forever, or he can go home, see his aged father again, live a long happy life with family and children, and be forgotten. We seek immortality, but as Tolkien put it in The Fellowship of the Ring, we are “mortal men doomed to die.” Homer explores this longing for adventure and glory in the Iliad and also our longing to come home again at last in the Odyssey. He gives an unforgettable picture of the destruction of a great city and the tragedy

Why Should Christians Read the Pagan Classics?

and senselessness of war. When Priam comes to beg for the body of Hector and kisses the hands that have shed so much blood, and when Achilles and Priam both weep together, Achilles for his own father and his own fate, and Priam for the loss of his noble son, Hector—there is no more moving scene in all of literature. Of such is the human condition, for war is a constant in every age and every place. The Iliad is the book of all wars, for it teaches us about its glory and also its human cost. There is nothing in the Bible like this, nor should there be. In Scripture, the human personalities are in the background, muted; the human story is used to reveal the nature of God, not the human condition. There are very few well-developed characters in Scripture; David and Peter come to mind, but most are very sketchily drawn, like Noah, Isaac, even Abraham, none of whom are the kind of people you are likely to meet in life. I have always thought this to be convincing evidence of the divine origin of Scripture, that the nature of God is always in the forefront and the human characters are in the background. We love stories and writing about ourselves and can’t resist letting the human take center stage. It was only through divine inspiration and guidance that that never happened in Scripture. Which is why the purpose of Scripture is to reveal the nature of God, and the purpose of literature is to explore the human heart and the human condition. God gave us the ability and high calling to do that ourselves. And as usual, it all began with the Greeks.

www.MemoriaPress.com

Introduction to Classical Studies Grades 3-8

$79.95 set (student & teacher guides, Famous Men of Rome, D'Aulaires' Greek Myths, Golden Children's Bible)

Student $12.95 | Teacher $14.95

Timeline Set for the Grammar Stage NEW!

Events from Ancient to Modern Times Grades 3-6

$39.95 set

Newly reformatted, this guide now includes a student workbook for easier use. Designed for use with D'Aulaires' Book of Greek Myths, Famous Men of Rome, and The Golden Children's Bible, this guide will show you how to teach, learn, and master the stories fundamental to a classical education. The guide contains a three-year reading plan and is a great way for older students to catch up if starting their classical studies late.

(Composition & Sketchbook, Handbook, Wall Cards, Flashcards)

We haven't been so excited about a new product in a long time! Our new Timeline program will enable students to master a total of 60 events over the course of four years (3rd6th grades). History is a very unsystematic subject, and time is very abstract. Students need a timeline that they memorize, build on, and recite every yearâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;and Memoria Press is bringing it to you! Timeline Composition & Sketchbook $9.95 These books will be completed over the four-year period in which this timeline is completed. Each event has a 2-page spread with a picture frame for illustrating the event on one side and a page of blank lines for writing a summary of the event. Timeline Handbook $9.95 The Timeline Handbook includes teaching guidelines, charts of the dates studied by grade and by time period, and summaries of each event to help students complete their Composition & Sketchbook. Student Flashcards $12.95 Each student should have his/her own set of flashcards for drill and practice. One side has the date and the reverse side has the event. These cards are color-coded identically to the Timeline Wall Cards.

Ancient Civilization Wall Maps For All Ages!

Large (24'' x 33'') $35.00 Small (11'' x 17'') $19.95 Make the ancient civilization stories come alive on your classroom walls. These color wall maps are perfect for any classical education classroom. Each set includes individual maps of Greece, Italy, the City of Rome, and the Roman Empire. These maps contain all the hot spots in the classical world, including the famous cities, countries, rivers, lakes, mountains, and oceans.

Horatius at the Bridge Grades 6+

$19.95 set (book, medal, pin) Book $14.95 This guide contains the complete text of Thomas Babington Macaulay's 70 stanza ballad and a comprehensive study guide, including vocabulary, maps, character and plot synopses, meter, comprehension questions, teaching guidelines, and a test. Medal $5.00 | Lapel Pin $2.00 Students at Highlands Latin School memorize and recite this entire poem and receive the Winston Churchill Award certificate, medal, and lapel pin. We are now offering the same opportunity to all students. You can purchase the medal and pin in a set with the book or individually. Send us a recording of your students reciting the poem, and we'll send them a Winston Churchill Award certificate to present with the medal.

Timeline Wall Cards $12.95 (shown right) Cards for the wall timeline have the date and event on the same side. Cards are added throughout the year as students study history in Classical/Christian Studies and American Studies. The wall timeline should be in a prominent place in the classroom throughout the year, beginning in grade 3. Timeline Wall Cards shown right. View more samples online at www.MemoriaPress.com.

1-877-862-1097

Classical Studies

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths Grades 3-8

$45.95 set (text, student, teacher)

Text $19.95 | Student $17.95 | Teacher $17.95 | Flashcards $12.95

This is an ideal beginning book for your child’s classical education journey, regardless of age! Superbly written and illustrated, this classic introduces timeless tales that have enchanted people for thousands of years. Because they are everywhere in Western art and literature, Greek myths are the essential background for a classical education. You can hardly read Shakespeare without them! Each of the 30 lessons in the Student Guide presents important facts to know, vocabulary, comprehension questions, and a picture review and activities section. It also points out the many references to Greek mythology in the modern world.

Famous Men of Rome

Famous Men of Greece

$39.95 set (text, student, teacher)

Grades 4-8

Grades 5-8

Text $16.95 | eBook $14.00 | Student $17.95 | Teacher $17.95 | Flashcards $12.95

Famous Men of Rome is ideal for beginners of all ages who are fascinated by the action and drama of Rome. Inside are 30 stories, covering all of ancient Rome’s history, from its founding to its demise. Witness the rise and fall of a great civilization through the lives of larger-than-life figures.

If the Romans were history’s great men of action, the Greeks were history’s great men of thought. Dive into the lives and minds of thirty-two famous Greeks through stories detailing the rise, Golden Age, and fall of Greece. Learning about the triumphs of Aristotle, Ptolemy, Ulysses, Pericles, Alexander the Great, and many others will enable your students to understand why the scope of Greek accomplishment is still known today as “The Greek Miracle.”

Famous Men of the Middle Ages Grades 5-8

$39.95 set (text, student, teacher)

Text $16.95 | eBook $14.00 | Student $17.95 | Teacher $17.95 | Flashcards $12.95

The story of the Middle Ages is told through the lives of Attila the Hun, Charlemagne, William the Conqueror, Edward the Black Prince, and Joan of Arc, among others. This course guides students through the turbulent “dark age” of history and illustrates the transition from the end of ancient times to the birth of the modern era. This book is a perfect precursor to Famous Men of Modern Times.

Famous Men of Modern Times Grades 6-8

$39.95 set (text, student, teacher)

Text $16.95 | eBook $14.00 | Student $17.95 | Teacher $17.95

Modern history—history, that is, after the fall of Constantinople in 1453—can sometimes seem like a confusing jumble of unrelated events. As a result, many curricula needlessly avoid this exciting period of history. Famous Men of Modern Times will bring the events of the last 500 years to life. These stories provide great insight into the foundations of the modern world.

Dorothy Mills Histories

The Book of the Ancient World $39.95 (novel, student, teacher)

Grades 6+ eBook $14.00

Novel $16.95 | Student $17.95 | Teacher $17.95 Dorothy Mills takes the student on an adventure, exploring the geography, culture, architecture, and most prominent people of Egypt, Persia, the Hittites, Israel, and more. Not only does she teach the valuable history and lessons of the ancient peoples, but she gives the students an understanding of the people and neighbors out of which Christianity sprung.

Classical Studies

The Book of the Ancient Greeks $39.95 (novel, student, teacher)

Grades 6+ eBook $14.00

Novel $16.95 | Student $17.95 | Teacher $17.95 The journey continues, starting in Crete and ending in the Hellenistic Age ushered in by Alexander the Great. Students learn about the development of democracy, the primordial defense of democracy in the Persian wars, the heyday of Athens (also known as the Golden Age), and that sad self-destruction known as the Peloponnesian Wars. But it is not history alone—culture, values, and life lessons are taught.

www.MemoriaPress.com

new

The Iliad $32.00 (text, student, teacher)

Novel $12.00 | eBook $7.00 Student $11.95 | Teacher $12.95 | DVDs $45.00

The Odyssey

(pp. 42-43)

$32.00 (text, student, teacher)

Novel $12.00 | eBook $7.00 | Student $11.95 | Teacher $12.95 Samuel Butler translation Grades 7+ Iliad & Odyssey Complete Set

The Trojan War

$60.00

(Iliad & Odyssey novels, student guides, teacher guides)

Western civilization begins with the Iliad and Odyssey. This is a perfect place to start your study of the Great Books. Our study guides will help bring Homerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s great works alive for your student. Our Teacher Guide has inset student pages with answers, teacher notes for each lesson, quizzes, and tests, giving the teacher all the background information needed to teach these books.

The Aeneid

David West translation Grades 8+

Novel $13.00 | Student $16.95 | Teacher $16.95 After you have completed your study of Homer, the Aeneid is your next logical Great Book to study. Virgil's epic story of the founding of rome will come alive when read with the help of our study guide as you continue your quest to master the classics. After reading Homer and Virgil, your students will have completed their first big step on the road to being classically educated! This is a great preparation for latin AP Virgil also.

The Book of the Ancient Romans $39.95 (novel, student, teacher)

Grades 6+ eBook $14.00

Novel $16.95 | Student $17.95 | Teacher $17.95 After the Greeks, all roads lead to rome. And like any good roman course, this one begins with the she-wolf and the legendary founders of rome, romulus and remus. The rise and fall of a monarchy, the embrace of a republic with the simultaneous dislike for kings, and finally the ironic rise of the Roman Empire teach unforgettable principles about human nature and society.

1-877-862-1097

Take Memoria Press Courses Online! by Olivia Coolidge Grades 6-8

Novel $6.95 | Student $11.95 | Teacher $12.95 This retelling of the Trojan War is the best preparation for reading Homer. Each lesson in the study guide has reading notes, vocabulary, comprehension questions, and an enrichment section that includes extra discussion topics, writing projects, art, and map work. After studying The Trojan War with our guide, your student will know Homer's main characters, the gods and goddesses, and the main storyline of the Iliad and Odyssey.

The Aeneid for Boys and Girls NEW! by Alfred J. Church, Grades 6-8

$9.95 Alfred Church's retelling of Virgil's Aeneid is a great introduction to Aeneas, who escaped from the burning city of Troy and founded rome. After reading this novel, students will have a good grasp on the characters and story of the Aeneid and be ready to tackle the more difficult prose in Virgil.

The Book of the Middle Ages $39.95 (novel, student, teacher)

Grades 6+ eBook $14.00

Novel $16.95 | Student $17.95 | Teacher $17.95 See how Christianity spread out, building a new civilization on the remnants of the roman Empire. From the foundation of monasteries to the bell towers of universities, from the crowning of Charlemagne to the execution of Joan of Arc, the travel through Christendom unfolds beautifully.

classical Studies

On Obligations NEW!

The Divine Comedy

Translated by P. G. Walsh Grades 10+

Novel $20.00 | Student $16.95 Teacher $16.95 | Quizzes $5.00

Ciardi translation Grades 10+

by Cicero

Novel $13.95 | Student $17.95 | Teacher $17.95 Cicero was a man trying to give the politicians of his day solid principles to live by as they drove his fatherland, Rome, down the royal road of decay. His work On Obligations played a large role in Western Christendom but is daunting to read alone. Let us accompany your highschooler as he learns the principles of justice, wisdom, beneficence, courage, and propriety.

The Divine Comedy is one of the crown jewels of both Western and Christian literature. This epic, allegorical poem illustrates Dante’s spiritual journey of redemption that takes him through the pit of Hell (the Inferno) to the Beatific Vision of God (the Paradiso). The Student Guide contains helpful study questions, and reading notes for difficult lines.

The Wars of the Jews:

The Fall of Jerusalem NEW! by Josephus Grades 9+

The Republic & the Laws NEW! by Cicero

Translated by Niall Rudd Grades 10+

Novel $12.95 | Student $17.95 | Teacher $17.95 Marcus Tullius Cicero, a Roman statesman from the first century B.C., was convinced that the upright moral life was the happier life. The Republic became the blueprint of the U.S. government almost 2,000 years after it was written. In The Laws, Cicero defends his understanding of the upright moral life and becomes the first person outside of Scripture to ever posit the existence of natural law. Studying such perennial works is a boon to everyone.

Novel $10.00 | Student $11.95 | Teacher $12.95 "There will not be left a stone upon a stone." We teach our children Christ's prophecy, but do they ever learn about the fulfillment of it? Josephus, a Jew turned Roman citizen from the first century A.D., is regarded as the most trustworthy source for the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 A.D. This short course is the follow-up to a study of Scripture as well as the best introduction to the history of Christianity.

The City of God

Vernon J. Bourke edition Grades 10-12

Novel $14.00 | Student $17.95 | Teacher $20.95 | Quizzes/Tests $5.00

Classical Studies Suggested Timeline If you don't begin your classical education until middle or high school, it is never too late! We would suggest that you start with Year 5 of our Classical Studies Map and move forward from there. Before beginning your study of the classics, it is always helpful if your student has a basic knowledge of Greek mythology (D'Aulaires' Book of Greek Myths [p. 36]) and has read a retelling of the Trojan War (Olivia Coolidge's The Trojan War [p. 37]). Year

Program

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths (p. 36)

Famous Men of Rome (p. 36)

The City of God, arguably Augustine's greatest book, influenced Western society more powerfully than perhaps any other book except the Bible. To study the City of God is to study the source of some of Western society’s greatest and most cherished beliefs. The book serves as the cultural fountainhead of all that followed, and it is unlikely that it will ever be equaled. The study guide aids students in comprehending Augustine's masterpiece. The teacher guide contains helpful chapter summarizations as well as a thorough introduction to teaching this course effectively. Don't let your students miss the study of this influential book that helped to shape some of the most important intellectual, theological, and political issues of the Western world that are just as relevant today as 1,500 years ago. COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1. In Chapter 1, Augustine is criticizing the enemies of the City of God. What is the criticism he is leveling against them?

Augustine is criticizing these individuals because they sought safety from the invaders in the __________________________________________________________________________________ sanctuaries of Christian churches, and now they are attacking Christianity itself. They did not hesitate __________________________________________________________________________________ to claim they were Christian in order to be saved, but once they were saved from the attackers, they __________________________________________________________________________________ failed to show gratitude for their safety. __________________________________________________________________________________

2. Summarize Augustine’s point about suffering in Chapter 8.

Suffering has a twofold purpose: __________________________________________________________________________________ 1. It serves as a punishment for the unrighteous. __________________________________________________________________________________ 2. It teaches the good to be patient. __________________________________________________________________________________ The difference, Augustine says, is “not in what people suffer but in the way they suffer.” __________________________________________________________________________________

Famous Men of the Middle Ages (p. 36)

3. In Chapter 9, Augustine criticizes Christians for not reproving the wicked. Why, in Augustine’s opinion, have Christians failed to do this?

Because of the effort required to do so, because of the fear of antagonizing them, waiting for a more __________________________________________________________________________________ opportune moment, or for fear that a rebuke may actually make them worse. __________________________________________________________________________________

4. In Chapter 19, Augustine presents the case of Lucretia, who committed suicide. What reason does Augustine give for her suicide?

She was unable to bear the burden of shame. The shame comes from a fear that people would think she __________________________________________________________________________________ was a willing participant, and the only way she could prove her innocence was to take her own life. __________________________________________________________________________________ 5. According to Chapter 21, does Augustine ever see a justiﬁable reason for killing another human being.

Famous Men of Greece, The Trojan War, and Horatius at the Bridge (pp. 35-37)

Iliad and Odyssey (Homer) and The Book of the Ancient Greeks (pp. 36-37)

The Aeneid (Virgil) and The Book of the Ancient Romans (p. 37)

Greek Plays (Euripides, Sophocles, Aeschylus)

The Divine Comedy (Dante) (p. 38)

Classical Studies

If so, what is the reason or reasons?

Yes. When God authorizes killing by a general law, when He gives an explicit commission to an __________________________________________________________________________________ individual for a limited time, or when the State punishes criminals. __________________________________________________________________________________

6. In Chapter 27, Augustine says there may be only one justiﬁable reason for suicide. What is that reason, and does he ultimately agree with it?

To keep one’s self from falling into sin. Augustine does not agree with this reason. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________

7. In Chapter 33, Augustine gives a strongly worded reason for why Rome suffered the humiliation of defeat. Describe what Augustine has to say.

He says it is because Rome was already declining from within. He cites the examples of spiritual __________________________________________________________________________________ disease, degeneration, and a decline into immorality and indecency. He asks the opponents of the City __________________________________________________________________________________ of God why they take no responsibility for the tragic situation. Instead of learning from their adversity, __________________________________________________________________________________ they remain in sin. __________________________________________________________________________________

view samples online: www.MemoriaPress.com

Book I

www.MemoriaPress.com

Christian Studies IV

A Chronological Overview of the Bible Grades 6-8 Student $17.95 | Teacher $20.95

Christian Studies I-III Grades 3-6 $119.95 set

(Christian Studies I-III: Student Books & Teacher Manuals + The Golden Children's Bible)

Christian Studies I:

Student $17.95 Teacher $20.95

Christian Studies II:

Student $17.95 Teacher $20.95

Christian Studies III:

Student $17.95 Teacher $20.95

All Major Bible Stories up to the Entry into Canaan Grades 3-6 The Rise and Fall of Israel, the Period of the Prophets Grades 4-6

All Major New Testament Stories Grades 5-6

This three-year series thoughtfully guides your child through The Golden Children's Bible, teaching him/her the fundamentals of Bible stories, history, and geography, with solid detail at a manageable pace. Students do not merely skim the surface; they embark on a three-year Bible reading course that builds faith by teaching Salvation History as real history. Using these guides, your student will be well prepared for the good work of advanced Christian studies.

Christian Studies IV takes students back through the highlights of the Bible, reviewing drill questions, Scripture memory passages, and more! This study guide can serve as a review course for Christian Studies I-III or stand alone as a survey study of the Bible. We give you the Scripture passages where the answers to the drill questions can be found so that you can read through the Bible by touching on the major stories and characters. This course is a great preparation for studying early church history in the upper school years.

Christian Studies Wall Maps NEW! For All Ages!

Large (24'' x 33'') $35.00 | Small (11'' x 17'') $19.95 Since understanding geography is important to Biblical studies, we have developed a set of five Christian studies wall maps. They include three maps for the Old Testament and two for the New Testament. These maps are an ideal supplement for memoria Press' Christian Studies I-IV or for any Bible program.

Students work through one-third of The Golden Children's Bible in each year. The Student Book offers 30 lessons, each comprised of: • • • • •

Weekly memory verses map and timeline work review lessons and tests every 5 lessons Comprehension, drill, and discussion questions references The Golden Children's Bible page numbers as well as actual Scripture references

The Teacher Manual oﬀers: • Insight and background information for each lesson • Additional discussion, composition, or research prompts • Helpful notes for the teacher

Christian Studies Suggested Timeline Grade 3+ 4+

The Golden Children's Bible $17.99 This book was chosen because of its slightly simplified, but poetically appealing King James text along with its beautiful, accurate, and age-appropriate illustrations. This is important because we believe students should learn to revere the Bible as a sacred book, distinct from stories with cartoon heroes. "I love the way it is written, and the pictures keep my 4-year-old's attention." - Kim

1-877-862-1097

5+ 6+ 7+

Program Christian Studies I

(Major Bible stories up to the entry into Canaan)

Christian Studies II

(Rise and Fall of Israel & Period of the Prophets)

Christian Studies III

(Major New Testament stories)

Christian Studies IV

(Chronological Overview of the Bible)

The Book of the Ancient World (Egyptians, Hittites, Assyrians, Babylonians, Phoenicians, Hebrews)

8-9 +

Early Christian history taught through primary sources (Luke, Ignatius, Clement, Eusebius, and more)

10 +

City of God (Augustine)

11 +

Christian Apologetics (Lewis, Chesterton, Kreeft)

christian Studies

Memoria Press Online Academy Mr. Cable:

Michael:

Good afternoon! How is everyone?

The textbook says that an infinitive is a verbal noun, but I don't understand what that means.

John, Stacy, Aidan, Michael: Hello, Mr. Cable! Mr. Cable: Hey, everyone! Let's get started with oral recitations from Lesson 20. Michael:

Mr. Cable: Good question, Michael. What your text means is that there are two characteristics to an infinitive: 1) verb-related and 2) noun-related. The verb characteristic of the infinitive is that the infinitive is the most basic form of the verb; it is the building block for all of the other forms of the verb.

Before we start, Mr. Cable, can you help me with the 2nd principal part?

So, how can an infinitive function as a noun? Well, that's a little beyond where we are now with our grammar, but I have an example that will help:

Mr. Cable:

"To love is human."

Of course, Michael. I've just connected your microphone so you can speak. What's your question?

Here it is easy to see how the infinitive "to love" is functioning as a noun—It is the subject of the sentence. Does this help?

Sound familiar? What you see above occurs each day of the week in our classrooms, between students and teachers. Only our classrooms are online. Live, real-time, online classrooms, where students can see, hear, and respond to their instructor with text and microphone.

artin Cothran established the Memoria Press Online Academy (MPOA) in 2006 with just a handful of teachers and a few online classrooms. For the last seven years, MPOA has helped students cultivate wisdom and virtue through a careful study of classical languages, literature, and history. After years of collegiate and professional experience with the classical world and its languages, including teaching for the Academy, Scott Piland assumed the role of Director in 2010. His priority is to make classical education accessible to everyone, and the Online Academy is poised to do just that. 40

Memoria Press Online Academy

Today, MPOA is one of the top online classical academies for third through twelfth grades, built around much of Memoria Press’ Classical Core Curriculum. We now have: • 40 teachers • 150 different class sections • Students residing in all 50 states, 11 countries, and on 5 continents Along with our teachers, our students constitute a community characterized by the highest expectations in scholarship and Christian www.Memoriapress.com/OnlineSchool

Michael: Yes, that clears it up. Thank you! Aidan: Mr. Cable, I also have a question about a quiz. Mr. Cable: No problem, Aidan, but let's save that question until the end. We need to get started. Did you post your question on the "Ask a Teacher Forum"? Aidan:

✓ Professional development services ✓ Marketing your school in your community ✓ Increased online exposure for your school ✓ On- and off-site teacher training ✓ Education and teacher resources ✓ School accreditation

Join Us:

ClassicalLatin.org (502) 855-4830

Ok. No, I didn’t post anything there. I will after class. Mr. Cable: Okay, great. Let's get started. Open your First Form Latin textbook to p. 26. We'll begin with Lesson 8 and discuss the 1st Conjugation Perfect Tense. As always, be prepared to parse and recite with your microphone if called upon ...

$35.00 each (choose from 2012 or 2013)

Saving Western Civilization: Classical Education Conference DVDs For Parents, Teachers, & Administrators The Memoria Press Classical Education Conference at Highlands Latin School’s beautiful campus brings together classical educators from across the country. Now you can see and hear what was discussed, ﬁnd out what the Classical Core Curriculum is all about, and become inspired to implement it in your private and home schools.

character. We specifically exist for a wide variety of students who might not otherwise have access to classical education. Three things distinguish MPOA in the world of online schooling: 1. We are classical yet forward-thinking in our use of technology. 2. We are committed specifically to Memoria Press’ Classical Core Curriculum. 3. We provide unparalleled flexibility and accountability for homeschool families and others desiring a classical education. 1-877-862-1097

“This conference was very impressive and well done! All speakers were exceptional. I love the products for homeschooling. The conference had a very ‘family’ feel—it’s great to see how you all complement each other.” “Very beneﬁcial. A ‘shot in the arm’ to build my excitement and ideas for next year. Great growth time for me as a teacher.” “Very generous. Very helpful. Very inspiring. Very welcoming. Very gracious.”

For accreditation or more information on CLSA Schools, please visit us at: www.ClassicalLatin.org

Classical Latin School Association & Memoria Press Online Academy

✓✓Live Classrooms

✓✓24/7 Support

Latin & Greek

Memoria Press’ grammar-based Latin & Greek programs teach the mother tongues of Western civilization in a clear, incremental, and systematic way. Full-Year Fall Spring Grade Class

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

3+ 4+ 5+ 6+ 8+ 8+ 8+ 11+ 7+ 9+ 9+ --- --- ---

Latina Christiana I First Form Latin Second Form Latin Third Form Latin Fourth Form Latin High School Form Latin High School Latin I-IV High School Latin V: Virgil Middle School Biblical Greek I High School Biblical Greek I High School Biblical Greek II NLE Preparatory Course (Intro) NLE Preparatory Course (Level I) NLE Preparatory Course (Level II)

Government & Econ.

✓ ✓

10+ 10+

✓✓Easy Enr

Logic & Rhetoric

Our sequence follows the traditional Aristotelian approach, teaching students to master the science and art of demonstration, as well as the fundamentals of definition, classification, and division. Full-Year Fall Spring Grade Class

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

Traditional Logic I & II Material Logic with Aristotle 9+ Informal Logical Fallacies 10+ Classical Rhetoric with Aristotle 9+

Math & Science

We offer a complete sequence covering a broad range of topics and use a logical, systematic, mastery approach to teach fundamental procedures and abstract mathematical concepts. Full-Year Fall Spring Grade Class

These courses teach the basic ideas of political philosophy and economics (the basic structure of and influences on American government), with an emphasis on the differences between classical and modern political and economic philosophy. Full-Year Fall Spring Grade Class

✓✓Quality Instruction

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

7+ Pre-Algebra 8+

Algebra I Algebra II 9+ Plane Geometry 6+ Physical Science 9+ Physics 9+ Biology 9+ Anatomy & Physiology 9+

College Prep.

We focus on critical reading, math, and writing skills to ensure that students are especially prepared for standardized tests.

Classical Economics Classical Political Philosophy

Modern Studies

Full-Year Fall Spring Grade Class

Students will have the opportunity to interact with the greatest minds from the greatest cultures of preceding civilizations through the study of the best primary and secondary sources.

✓

PSAT Mini-Prep Course

Full-Year Fall Spring Grade Class

✓ ✓ ✓

Mr. Piland Director

6+ 9+ 9+

U.S. History American History Modern European History

Mr. Cothran Consultant

Ms. Janke Instructor

Mr. Brooks Instructor

Ms. Dell’Aira Instructor

Mr. Vaden Instructor

Ms. Musick Instructor

www.MemoriaPress.com/OnlineSchool

Easy Enrollment

✓ Flexible Scheduling

enGLiSh

Students will learn how to read, analyze, and discuss literature by gaining a basic understanding of plot, character, and setting. Implementing the method of writing instruction used for 1,500 years, students will also learn to express themselves with clarity, precision, and style. Full-Year

Fall

Spring

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

Grade 4+ 5+ 6+ 6+ 6+ 8+ 8+ 8+ 9+ 9+ 10+ 3+ 4+ 5+ 6+ 7+ 7+ 9+ 9+ 10+ 10+

Class

Classical Composition: Fable Stage Classical Composition: Narrative Stage Classical Composition: Chreia/Maxim Stage Middle School Composition I Middle School Composition II High School Composition I High School Composition I (Accelerated) High School Composition II High School Composition III High School Composition IV Composition: Senior Thesis Grammar School English Literature I Grammar School English Literature II Grammar School Literature III Middle School English Literature I Middle School English Literature II Middle School English Literature III English I/II: The Short Story English I/II: The Short Novel English III: The Divine Comedy English V Senior Seminar: Lewis & Tolkien

✓ Classical Christian Education

cLaSSicaL/chriStian

A careful selection of primary and secondary sources as we take students through the history, thought, and geography of the cultures of Athens, rome, and Jerusalem. Full-Year

Fall

Spring

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

Grade 7+ 8+ 10+ 10+

✓

✓ ✓

3+ 5+

✓ ✓

6+ 10+

✓

11+

✓

10+

Class

Classical Studies I: The Greeks Classical Studies II: The Romans Classical Studies III: Cicero & Augustine Classical Studies IV: Classical Philosophy D'Aulaires' Greek Myths Famous Men of Rome Famous Men of the Middle Ages Famous Men of Greece Christian Studies: Early Church History Christian Studies: A Reformation Reader Christian Studies: Fundamentals

"It's amazing how much he learned and how much he enjoyed class!" "I want to thank you for teaching Latin this year. This class has certainly raised my opinion of what can be accomplished in an online class."

Ms. Parry Instructor

Mr. Lange Instructor

Mr. King Instructor

Mr. Janke Instructor

Ms. Christensen Instructor

help@memoriapress.com (877) 862-1097

Mr. Benningfield Instructor

Ms. Cavanaugh Instructor

"I cannot say enough how much I appreciate MP materials. I started a struggling reader on your materials last year after completely scrapping everything else we were using. Now she is not only a strong reader, but she enjoys reading and writing enough to do so regularly without being asked." - Angie

Developing Superior Readers Reading requires an active, discriminating mind that is challenged to think, compare, and contrast. Students who have been challenged by good literature will develop into superior readers and will never be satisfied with poor-quality books. Each novel has been carefully selected to nourish your child's reading skills. The study guides focus on vocabulary, spelling, comprehension, and compositionâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;skills which train students to become active readers. Each lesson includes a word study to help students build vocabulary. The comprehension questions challenge students to consider what they have read, identify the important content of each story, and compose clear, concise answers (a difficult skill at any age). Writing is thinking, and good questioning stimulates the child to think and write. Each lesson also includes enrichment activities such as composition, map work, research, drawing, and much more!

1st Grade Literature $14.95 StoryTime Treasures

Student Guide

$14.95 More StoryTime Treasures

Student Guide

$10.00 Teacher Key

StoryTime Treasures Set

$40.00

More StoryTime Treasures Set

Student Guide $14.95 Blueberries for Sal $7.99 Little Bear $3.95 Make Way For Ducklings $7.99 Little Bear's Visit $3.95 Caps for Sale $6.99

Student Guide $14.95 Miss Rumphius $7.99 Billy and Blaze $5.99 The Little House $6.95

$52.00

The Story About Ping $3.99 Keep the Lights Burning, Abbie $6.95 Stone Soup $6.99 Blaze and the Forest Fire $5.99

2nd Grade Literature $55.00 Literature Guide Set

Student Guides: The Courage of Sarah Noble, Little House in the Big Woods, Tales From Beatrix Potter, Mr. Popper's Penguins, and Teacher Key

$99.00 Literature Guide Set w/ Novels Student Guides, Teacher Key, & Novels

The Courage of Sarah Noble

Little House in the Big Woods

Tales from Beatrix Potter

Mr. Popper's Penguins

2nd Grade Lit. Teacher Key

Student Gd. $11.95 Novel $4.99

Student Gd. $11.95 Novel $6.99

Student Gd. $11.95 Stories (ea.) $6.99

Student Gd. $11.95 Novel $6.99

$12.95

3rd Grade Literature $69.00 Literature Guide Set

Student & Teacher Guides: Farmer Boy, Charlotte's Web, The Moffats

$93.00 Literature Guide Set w/ Novels

Student Guides, Teacher Guides, & Novels

Farmer Boy

(3rd Grade sets above do not include Homer Price)

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

Literature

Charlotte's Web $11.95 $12.95 $8.99

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

The Moffats $11.95 $12.95 $8.99

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

Homer Price Beta $11.95 $12.95 $6.95

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $5.99

www.MemoriaPress.com

4th Grade Literature

Literature Online Classes (p. 43)

$69.00 Literature Guide Set

Student & Teacher Guides: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe; Heidi; Lassie Come-Home

$94.00 Literature Guide Set w/ Novels Student Guides, Teacher Guides, & Novels

The Lion, the Witch ...

Heidi

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $8.99

Lassie Come-Home $11.95 $12.95 $4.99

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $7.99

5th Grade Literature $95.00 Literature Guide Set

Student & Teacher Guides: King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table, Robin Hood, Adam of the Road, The Door in the Wall

$118.00 Literature Guide Set w/ Novels Student Guides, Teacher Guides, & Novels

King Arthur Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

Robin Hood $11.95 $12.95 $4.99

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

Adam of the Road $11.95 $12.95 $4.99

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

The Door in the Wall NEW! $11.95 $12.95 $6.99

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $5.99

6th Grade Literature $95.00 Literature Guide Set

Student & Teacher Guides: Anne of Green Gables, The Trojan War, The Bronze Bow, The Hobbit

$129.00 Literature Guide Set w/ Novels Student Guides, Teacher Guides, & Novels

Anne of Green Gables

The Trojan War

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $9.95

The Bronze Bow $11.95 $12.95 $6.95

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

The Hobbit $11.95 $12.95 $6.95

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $10.99

Beta!

7th Grade Literature $95.00 Literature Guide Set

Student & Teacher Guides: The Wind in the Willows, Treasure Island, As You Like It, Tom Sawyer

$129.00 Literature Guide Set w/ Novels Student Guides, Teacher Guides, & Novels

The Wind in the Willows

Treasure Island

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $9.95

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer As You Like It $11.95 $12.95 $9.95

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $9.95

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $9.95

8th Grade Literature NEW!

Beowulf Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight $11.95 $12.95 $10.95

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

$11.95 $12.95 $11.00

Canterbury Tales $14.95 Henry V $9.95 Study guides coming soon!

Additional Upper School Literature Buy 10 or more Memoria Press literature guides & price drops to $10 each! Robinson Crusoe Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

1-877-862-1097

A Midsummer Night's Dream $11.95 $12.95 $7.95

Student Gd. Teacher Key Novel

(Novels not included)

$11.95 $12.95 $9.95

Literature

More George Herbert poems in Poetry, Book 2 (p. 48)

by David M. Wright David M. Wright is the Writer and Director of the Upper-School Literature at Memoria Press. He has taught AP Literature and English with a focus on the Great Books for the last ten years. He is the Founder and Director of the annual Climacus Conference.

How Poetry Helps Us Fathom the Unfathomable

You’ve probably noticed that it can be difficult to explain why some things are true or obvious—like common sense, your grandmother’s wisdom, the distinct feeling of Sunday mornings, that you have a soul, or why your child should play outside rather than stare at a screen.

his is so because we apprehend more than we comprehend. Yet, the wider popular and scientific culture often try to diminish or discredit such “intangibles.” And when it comes to profound metaphysical realities such as beauty, sin, or love—they chop or reshape them according to the strictures of reason and materialistic analysis. For example, it took me .37 seconds on Google to find a PBS Newshour article from 2009 called, “Love is a Chemical Reaction, Scientists Find.” I particularly enjoyed the "revelatory" sentence in the first paragraph: “the neurobiology that underlies pair bonds—what nonscientists might call love.” Might I be so bold as to recommend that we turn to poetry instead of a machine to sound the depths of love? Take a moment now to read George

Heading Sin & Love: Goes How Here Poetry Helps Us Fathom the Unfathomable

Herbert’s poem, “The Agony" (on the facing page), and then return here to see how poetry confirms our apprehension, expands our reason, and enlarges our faith and understanding.

n relatively few lines, Herbert offers a rich reflection on the immense realities of Sin and Love through imagery, imagination, and metaphor— locating them in the agony of Christ—for only in the blood of sorrowful Passion and salvific Communion are the ineffable abstractions fully realized. The opening stanza presents the primary contrast in the poem between two kinds of knowledge. The first is that of the worldly “philosophers” who embody the standard empiricist-rationalist means to knowledge (what has, since Herbert’s time, become the increasingly

www.MemoriaPress.com

dominant mode). They “measure” and “fathom” the physical world—its mountains and seas, its states and kings. They calculate and quantify, seeking scientific and informational knowledge that controls, dominates, and aggrandizes. With their worldly intellect, they even (ironically) ascribe themselves prophetic power—as they “walk with a staff to heaven.” The image has multiple connotations. The staff might suggest their bid for power over the physical world, as Aaron’s miraculous staff held power in the plagues. Or perhaps it is Prospero’s magic staff in The Tempest; or Jacob’s staff, used in astronomy and navigation to calculate and measure angles and distances. (Its long history can be traced from Herbert’s time as far back as the patriarch Jacob and his staff mentioned in Genesis 32:10.) The other kind of knowledge—poetic and spiritual knowledge—is introduced in line 4 of the first stanza and carries through to the end of the poem. In a meta-poetic way, perhaps poetry is the form needed to fathom "vast, spacious things." After all, Herbert’s candid (mildly satiric) treatment of the first kind of knowledge slips through in his diction—the ambitious philosophers receive the confident, vigorous verbs measured, fathomed, and walked. But the spiritual seekers, the readers whom Herbert addresses in the poem, receive the simple, humble verbs in the subjunctive mood: “let him repair” and “let him assay.” This is Herbert’s means of delineating the meek and spiritual attitude of heart and mind necessary to know more fully. He invites us, “Who would know Sin”—yet this is not to “know” in the reductionist way of the philosophers, but rather to understand. By calling us to think poetically and imaginatively, he will lead us from worldly knowledge unto spiritual wisdom. “Who would know Sin, let him repair” bids us to travel to the Mountain of Olives on the edge of Jerusalem, used for a Jewish cemetery for over 3,000 years. And what do we visualize on this mountain of death? Christ, (not accidentally in the center point of the poem): so wrung with pains, that all his hair, His skin, his garments, bloody be.

Herbert prods us to imagine Christ in the Garden of Gethsemane as he prays and reflects upon his imminent passion. Yet in this image, Christ is already stained and bloodied, well before his passion—Christ’s spiritual agony has subsumed his yet-to-happen physical agony. In this paradox, time is transcended— at once fully realized yet still to come. In like manner, through poetic imagination, our way of knowing is enlarged and transformed, able to transcend the

1-877-862-1097

The Agony Philosophers have measured mountains, Fathomed the depths of seas, of states, and kings, Walked with a staff to heaven, and traced fountains: But there are two vast, spacious things, The which to measure it doth more behove: Yet few there are that sound them; Sin and Love. Who would know Sin, let him repair Unto Mount Olivet; there shall he see A man, so wrung with pains, that all his hair, His skin, his garments, bloody be. Sin is that Press and Vice, which forceth pain To hunt his cruel food through ev’ry vein. Who knows not Love, let him assay, And taste that juice, which on the cross a pike Did set again abroach; then let him say If ever he did taste the like. Love is that liquor sweet and most divine, Which my God feels as blood; but I, as wine.

George Herbert (1593-1633) narrow limits of reason. The inner eye of the heart, which sees both into and beyond things, is opened. At the close of stanza 2, Herbert appropriates the imagery and allusion of the wine press: “Sin is that Press and Vice.” The mystical imagery of the winepress comes from Isaiah 63:3: I have trodden the winepress alone, And from the peoples no one was with Me ... their blood is sprinkled upon My garments, And I have stained all My robes.

In this stanza, we see the image of the sacrificial Christ, the treader of the grapes, who will be crushed by the vice press, whose bloody wine will be poured out for all. Paradox abounds here, for sin is the press which crushes Christ into wine, as he bears the world’s sin through his passion. With a flash of 1 Corinthians 13, the poem’s final stanza ends in Love. For love, after all, is greater than sin. We are asked, imaginatively, to taste the bloodwine which flows from Christ, the outpour from the pike piercing his body as it might “broach” a barrel of wine. The synesthetic tasting stirs our senses to the wonder of the Eucharist: He is the Love, that liquor sweet and most divine; we are the Sin He feels as blood, by grace we taste as wine—the poetic possibility of knowing truth and being saved.

Sin & Love: How Poetry Helps Us Fathom Heading the Unfathomable Goes Here

Poetry, Prose, & Drama NEW

Introduction to Composition

Book I: The Old English & Medieval Periods Grades 7+

Grades 3+

Student $10.00 | Key $10.00 Introduction to Composition focuses on the concepts of narration, dictation, and copywork. The goal of this first writing course is to help students become more proficient in listening and writing skills, a great preparation for Classical Composition. Introduction to Composition is composed of 30 lessons, a year-long writing course that goes along perfectly with Memoria Press’ Third Grade Literature Guides (Farmer Boy, Charlotte’s Web, and The Moffats), but can be used independently as well.

$19.95 Two vast and worthy domains are the Classics and English Literature. Yet the two are further apart than is often assumed. Are the origins of English literature in the Greek and Roman classics? C.S. Lewis argues convincingly, no. The true sources are Anglo-Saxon and Old French. Here are translations of the great works of our mother tongue: epic verse, elegies, riddles, ballads, allegory, and romance. English literature begins here.

Poetry NEW

Poetry for the Grammar Stage

Book II: The Elizabethan to the Augustan Age Grades 7+

Grades 3-6

$30.00 (student, teacher)

Student $14.95 | Key $16.95 This poetry book is intended for use in the grammar school years as a supplemental study of the poetry students memorize in our literature study guides. Poetry study includes questions to help students analyze the meanings of the poems, including vocabulary work. Poems increase in difficulty as students move through the book over a four-year period.

Poetry & Short Stories:

$19.95 Renaissance and Augustan poets sought to craft verse with excellence and formality. Their aim was to create poetry by imitation—first to grasp the essential meaning of an experience, and then to convey the central idea in a recognized and appropriate form. This could well be the apex of English poetry: Spencer, Shakespeare, Donne, Herbert, Milton, et al.

Poetry NEW

American Literature NEW Grades 7+

Book III: The Romantic to the Victorian Age Grades 7+

$45.00 (text, student, teacher)

Text $19.95 | Student $14.95 | Teacher $16.95 Perhaps you’ve forgotten the old-world elegance of Irving’s prose or the range of Poe’s romanticism. Or perhaps your poetic sensibilities could be warmed by the Fireside Poets— Longfellow, Whittier, and Holmes. Rediscover the rich and varied authenticity of American literature with this thorough anthology and extensive Study Guide.

$19.95 Reawaken your wonder for beautiful things through the power of the imagination. Nature, emotion, spontaneity. These giants of romanticism looked backward to heights of poetic achievement and forward to what could be in poetry, achieving intimations of immortality.

English Grammar Recitation $9.95 Memoria Press’ English Grammar Recitation is a manual of approximately 150 grammar questions, answers, and examples designed to be studied and memorized much like a catechism. It is perfect for the serious Latin student who needs an English grammar program that coordinates with his study of Latin over the five years of Latina Christiana through the Form Series. The contents of English Grammar Recitation are thus divided into five sections, each of which has a corresponding workbook, shown opposite, providing thirty lessons to be completed in one year. Each two-page lesson covers two to three grammar questions along with practice exercises. English Grammar Recitation also covers common capitalization and punctuation rules by means of concise style sheets. Brief exercises, including some diagramming, do accompany these grammar questions; however, the mastery of the English grammar catechism is the primary goal of this course, not its application. English Grammar Recitation also covers capitalization and punctuation

Poetry & English Grammar

Workbook I

Workbook II

Workbook III

Student $11.95 Teacher $12.95

(Grades 3+)

(Grades 4+)

(Grades 5+)

through recitation. Students recite the rules and demonstrate their correct use through dictation of model sentences. It is hoped that this course can be completed in much less time than the typical English grammar course, leaving more time for composition and Latin. www.MemoriaPress.com

View samples online: www.MemoriaPress.com

by James A. Selby

Fable Stage

Grades 4+

What if you could teach your child using the same writing program that produced such masters of the language as John Milton, William Shakespeare, and Benjamin Franklin? What if you could have the same composition curriculum used by Quintilian, the greatest teacher of ancient rhetoric, and Cicero, the greatest persuasive speaker of all time?

Student Guide $19.95 Teacher Guide $29.95 DVDs $45.00

Narrative Stage Grades 5+

Jim Selby has blown the dust off of the writing curriculum that was used in schools for over 1,500 years and put it in an easy-toteach format that will revolutionize your home or private school curriculum. Presented clearly and systematically in a structured curriculum, Classical Composition will give you a clear road map to writing excellence.

Student Guide $19.95 Teacher Guide $29.95 DVDs $45.00

Chreia/Maxim Stage

Ancient writers invented a way of teaching writing known as the progymnasmata, which provided a method of teaching composition that not only taught budding writers a disciplined way to approach communication, but also helped them appeal to the heads of their audience. The progymnasmata gave them the stylistic tools to appeal to their hearts as well.

Grades 6+

Student Guide $19.95 Teacher Guide $29.95

The greatest communicators of ancient times, Quintilian and Cicero among them, employed the progymnasmata to teach their students the art of communication. The 14 exercises, organized from the simplest and most basic to the most complex and sophisticated, were the core education of a classical speaker, designed to produce what Quintilian once called, "the good man, speaking well."

Refutation Confirmation Stage Grades 7+

Student Guide $19.95 Teacher Guide $29.95

Starting Classical Composition Late?

Common Topic Stage Grades 8+

No Problem! We recommend that students begin Classical Composition in 4th or 5th grade, so students beginning in 6th grade or higher may want to complete two courses a year in order to catch up. Now you can purchase any two sets at a reduced package price. This allows students to complete two stages at an accelerated pace in the course of a year until they are caught up, helping them to develop their writing skills quickly.

$75.00 set (Includes the student & teacher guides for any two Stages)

Composition Online Classes (p. 43)

Student Guide $19.95 Teacher Guide $29.95 NEW

Encomium, Invective, & Comparison Stage Grades 9+

Student Guide $19.95 Teacher Guide $29.95

Must-have program of the year! 1-877-862-1097

Classical Composition

What Is the Classical Approach to Phonics? by Cheryl Lowe

The Traditional Method ... It’s either feast or famine. When I was teaching my children to read, there were so few phonics programs available, I didn't know where to find one. Phonics instruction nearly disappeared in the 1930s and only started making a comeback in the 1970s. Now there are so many phonics programs to choose from it’s enough to make your head spin. How do you evaluate and compare all of these programs to decide which one is best for you? And more importantly for us as classical educators, is there a classical approach to phonics, and if so, what is it? There have been two answers to this last question in the classical education movement. On the one hand, there are those who believe that The Writing Road to Reading (WRTR), by Romalda Spalding, is the true classical approach and everything else could best be described as “phonics lite.” On the other hand, the leading publishing companies in the movement— Veritas Press, Memoria Press, and Peace Hill Press— do not use the Spalding method, and in fact, all have written their own phonics programs. I submit that the Spalding method is so unique that the first division of phonics programs in the homeschooling world is between Spalding-type programs and everything else. Everything else I think can accurately be described as traditional phonics. Which is the better approach, or are they both equally effective? I will describe each and then provide a comparison in order to give the reader the tools to answer this question. First, let's look at traditional phonics, from which there are many programs to choose. It is

What Is the Classical Approach to Phonics?

true that each has a slightly different emphasis and different bells and whistles. Some are written for the homeschooling mother in an informal setting; some are written for the classroom. Some include printing instruction; some do not. Some phonics programs continue on for the whole of elementary school and include spelling and grammar; others just cover the basics. Some teach vowel-consonant blending and others consonant-vowel blending. Some have lots of songs, jingles, and fun activities; others are bare bones. Some are remedial; others are accelerated. A few have special marking systems. But with few exceptions, they all use some version of the traditional scope and sequence so they can all be classified as traditional. What are the characteristics of traditional phonics that all of these programs have in common? The first principle of traditional phonics is learning to identify letters and the sounds each letter represents. Traditional phonics is synthetic phonics: It starts with letters, not with words. Students first learn one sound for each consonant and the short sound of each vowel in order to build (synthesize) words. The sounds the letters represent are taught in isolation before blending and reading begin. The second principle of traditional phonics is extensive practice with “consonant-short vowelconsonant” (CVC) words as the foundation of reading. It is with CVC words that students learn to blend letter

www.MemoriaPress.com

sounds into words from left to right. It is with CVC words that students continue to practice and master the most common sound of each of the 26 letters. It is with CVC words that students practice discriminating between those all-important, but very nuanced, short vowel sounds (bag, beg, big, bog, bug). In addition, the CVC pattern is the building block of many multisyllable words. The third principle of traditional phonics is the systematic presentation of English spelling patterns in a logical and time-tested sequence, from the simpler to the more complex. Although the order is somewhat flexible after CVC words, a typical sequence of the basic spelling (phonics) patterns covered in beginning phonics would be: 1. CVC words: consonant-short vowel-consonant words (pat, pet, pit, pot, put) 2. initial/final consonant blends (s/l/r-blends: sc, sl, sm, bl, cl, fl, dr, gr, pr, etc.) 3. the 4 h digraphs (ch, sh, th, wh) 4. long vowels with silent e (at-ate, mat-mate, etc.) 5. long vowel teams (ay, ai, oa, ee, etc.) 6. three sounds of y 7. soft and hard c and g While the exact order and selection of phonics patterns can vary, the important point is that each one is practiced in a word family that illustrates that pattern. An example of a word family is the 45 common words that spell long a with the ai vowel team: maid, nail, brain, etc. Through this systematic study of spelling patterns and word families, students learn thousands of words and the decoding skills to read thousands more. The traditional phonics

sequence is effective because it is systematic, not random. It reveals the underlying order of the great variety of English spelling patterns, one pattern at a time. This orderly presentation is an aid to memory and is the very heart of phonics. Without it, many students are unable to recognize, master, and read English words fluently, for the English language has the most irregular spelling of any of the modern languages. In addition, students develop the visual memory needed to spell English words that have multiple ways to spell the same sound (there are seven common ways to spell the long o sound). If you can spell the word boat with oa instead of bote, it is not because you have memorized a rule, but because you learned it in a word family and have seen it spelled correctly a thousand times. There are very few useful rules to help you decide among the possible spelling patterns in English. In traditional phonics, however, spelling is secondary to reading. Students are able to read ahead of their spelling ability. While spelling is important, it should not slow down or impede reading fluency. The spelling patterns are taught first for the purpose of decoding, and secondarily for the purpose of encoding (spelling). While students are learning basic phonics, they practice their new phonics skills by reading stories with a high percentage of easy phonetic words, such as "The cat is on the mat." After sufficient practice and mastery with the most common patterns, students transition from phonetic readers to books with a richer, more natural vocabulary. At some point in first or second grade, reading starts to click and most students begin to read far in advance of their phonics instruction. At this point phonics lessons start to transition into spelling lessons which continue to reinforce reading and spelling throughout the grammar school years.

Some Leading Traditional Phonics Programs • Word Mastery, Florence Akin, 1913, is an example of phonics before the advent of whole word reading. (edited and reprinted as Classical Phonics by MP)

• ABeka Phonics • Alpha Phonics, Samuel Blumenfeld, 1985

• A Guide to Teaching Phonics, June Lyday Orton, 1964, Orton-Gillingham phonics for students with dyslexia

• SRA Phonics, McGraw Hill

• Phonics Pathways, Dolores Hiskes • Ordinary Parent’s Guide to Teaching Reading, Jessie Wise and Sara Buffington, 2005

• Professor Phonics Gives Sound Advice, Sister Monica Foltzer, 1966, is one of the earliest phonics programs to reappear after the disappearance of phonics in the 1930s. It was the program used by Marva Collins.

• Phonics Museum, Veritas Press

• Explode the Code, 1976, Educators Publishing Service

• First Start Reading, 2010, Memoria Press

1-877-862-1097

• Primary Phonics, 2005, Educators Publishing Service

What Is the Classical Approach to Phonics?

The Spalding Method ... The Spalding method (The Writing Road to Reading) is so unique that I have divided all phonics programs into two categories: the traditional method and the Spalding method. The Spalding method (WRTR) has been very prominent in classical education, and though not as widely used among homeschoolers due to its difficulty, it may be the most frequently used phonics program in classical schools. The Spalding program was created by Mrs. Romalda Spalding who had a degree from Teachers College, Columbia University, and tutored several students with reading disabilities. She went on to develop her own program designed to teach all students, not just those with dyslexia. In 1957, Mrs. Spalding published her method in a 300 page manual, The Writing Road to Reading (WRTR), a work that proved too difficult for the average parent/teacher to decipher and, consequently, has generated a number of spin-offs, programs either designed to help implement WRTR as is, or modified WRTR programs. Although there are two later editions of WRTR, I am referencing the 1990 edition because it is the last one prepared by Mrs. Spalding herself and thus should be the most accurate description of her method. The WRTR is difficult to comprehend, and I have given considerable time and effort to understanding it and to representing it accurately and fairly. No doubt there will be differences between this description and the spin-offs I mentioned above.

Summary of WRTR P honogr a ms: A phonogram is a letter or group of letters that represents a sound. Students learn the common sounds of 70 phonograms in isolation, 54 before reading begins, and 16 afterwards. 46 phonograms have only one sound, 11 have two sounds, and 13 have three or more sounds. The first 54 phonograms are the 26 letters of the alphabet plus er, ir, ur, wor, ear, sh, ee, th, ay, ai, ow, ou, oi, oy, aw, au, ew, ui, oo, ch, ng, ea, ar, ck, ed, or, wh, oa.

What Is the Classical Approach to Phonics?

Phonograms are taught by means of flashcards and dictation. Lessons are multi-sensory, meaning students hear, say, see, and write phonograms and spelling words. Sp e ll i ng Wor d s : Students learn the spelling of the most common words based on the extended 1915 Ayers’ list of English words in order of frequency of use. Students learn 30 spelling words a week by analysis using phonograms and spelling/ phonics rules. Students learn 150 of the most common words before reading begins, and continue learning to spell a total of 780 words in grade 1, and 1,700 words by grades 4-6. R e a di ng : Because spelling is the overwhelming focus of the Spalding program, the teaching of reading is not directly addressed. Reading begins, however, 2-3 months into the program, after 54 phonograms and 150 high frequency spelling words are learned. P hon ic s /Sp e ll i ng Ru le s : Students learn 29 spelling/phonics rules as they are needed in the weekly spelling lessons. Students do not have to memorize the rules but should be able to recognize or apply them. Sp e ll i ng No t e bo ok : Students create their own spelling notebook every year in which they write each year’s and previous years' spelling words and rules. The words are marked according to the Spalding marking system. M a r k i ng Syst e m : The marking system is no mark for short vowels, underlined for long vowels, and a number for additional vowel sounds. The marking system for other phonograms is the number of the sound on the back of the phonogram card if it’s not the first sound. All two-letter phonograms are underlined once and if the sound of the phonogram is not one on the phonogram cards it is underlined twice. Asse ssm e n t: Assessments are frequent, using the Morrison-McCall tests for spelling and McCallCrabbs tests for reading comprehension.

www.MemoriaPress.com

Comparison of Traditional Phonics and the Spalding Method 1. Spalding teaches 45 phonograms through dictation before reading begins. Traditional phonics teaches only the 26 letters of the alphabet before blending and sounding out words. Many programs begin blending as soon as the sounds of a few letters are learned.

6. Spalding teaches phonics patterns as they occur in high frequency words, an order which, by necessity, is random. Traditional phonics teaches phonics patterns in a logical order, beginning with the most regular, the CVC words, and proceeding from the simpler to the more complex.

2. Spalding teaches all major sounds for each of the phonograms from the beginning. Traditional phonics teaches only one sound for each letter initially, especially for the short vowel sounds.

7. Spalding incorporates all words into the spelling lessons, rather than identifying some as sight words (see below). Traditional phonics introduces sight words as needed to write and read simple sentences.

3. Spalding does not recommend cue words to help remember phonogram sounds. Traditional phonics uses cues words such as apple, egg, igloo, octopus, umbrella for the short vowels, or food and foot for oo.

8. According to the WRTR, Spalding students begin reading with real books and skip over basal and phonetic readers. Traditional phonics students begin reading with easy phonetic readers.

4. Spalding emphasizes analysis; students analyze whole words using phonograms and spelling rules. Traditional phonics emphasizes synthesis; students begin with individual letter sounds which are blended into words from left to right.

9. Spalding specifically eschews word families. In traditional phonics, students practice each new phonics pattern in word families.

5. Spalding teaches 29 spelling/phonics rules which are used to analyze the most common 1,700 words in English. Spelling/phonics rules are minimal in most traditional phonics programs.

10. Spalding teaches the accurate spelling of high frequency words as the basis of reading. Traditional phonics teaches recognition of spelling patterns beginning with CVC words as the basis of reading.

What Are Sight Words? Some parents are afraid of “sight words.” They have been so discredited by the "look-say" method of reading instruction that any appearance of a sight word is a sign of compromising with the devil of “look-say.” But in traditional phonics, they are a necessity. In order to compose simple sentences with phonetic words, it is necessary to teach sight words along the way. The reason is because many of our most common words are irregular, and therefore do not occur early in the phonics sequence. Many of these common words, such as the, as, she, and go, are not actually irregular but are often

1-877-862-1097

taught out of sequence, before their phonics pattern is covered. Learning individual words that are not part of the spelling pattern of a particular lesson is not difficult for students or distracting from the systematic presentation of phonics. Other words, such as come, some, and said, break the rules but still have phonetic elements that can be sounded out. Only a few words, such as of, eye, are, and one, are so unphonetic it is best to just learn them by sight.

What Is the Classical Approach to Phonics?

Orton - Gillingham There is a third strand to this story—OrtonGillingham. Spalding is so closely associated with Orton-Gillingham that for most in the homeschool and classical education movement, the two are more or less the same thing. Dr. Samuel T. Orton, a pioneer in identifying dyslexia, was a neurologist and medical researcher at Columbia University. Along with Anna Gillingham, an educator and psychologist at Teachers College Columbia, he developed a systematic phonics program to teach reading to adults and children who had brain injuries or learning disabilities. Dr. Orton’s wife, June Lyday Orton, herself a professional, carried on his work for many years after his death in 1948 and wrote A Guide to Teaching Phonics. Today there is an Institute for Multi-Sensory Education which trains teachers in the OrtonGillingham method, and has the website ortongillingham.net. However, the official heir of the Orton-Gillingham method appears to be the

Academy of Orton-Gillingham Practitioners and Educators, whose website, ortonacademy.net, features Mrs. Orton’s A Guide to Teaching Phonics as a foundational document, along with the more detailed Gillingham Manual, written by Anna Gillingham. The focus of the Orton Academy is training and accrediting teachers and schools in the Orton method. There are, however, several programs available from Educators Publishing Service that have the Orton-based logo, and I believe, have been written by Orton Academy Fellows. Explode the Code and Primary Phonics are two such programs. There is no reference to Romalda Spalding or the Writing Road to Reading on either of the OrtonGillingham websites.

Spalding & Orton-Gillingham Why are Spalding and Orton-Gillingham so closely associated and what is the true relationship between the two? Romalda Spalding did tutor several students under Dr. Orton’s supervision and she does reference and credit him with the list of phonograms she uses in the WRTR. More importantly is Mrs. Spalding’s assertion, in her introduction to WRTR, that her contribution “has been chiefly to develop Dr. Orton’s training into a method for classroom teaching.” Since the Orton Academy is not well-known, Romalda Spalding's assertion has never been questioned. I have studied Mrs. Orton's A Guide to Teaching Phonics carefully, as well as other programs with the Orton logo—Explode the Code and Primary Phonics— and have found them, in every one of the ten points

of comparison on the previous page, to be clearly in the traditional column. Mrs. Orton's guide, for instance, begins blending CVC words in the first lesson, when only five consonants and the short vowel a have been learned. Only one sound is taught for each letter initially and each new spelling pattern is practiced in word families. Sight words are taught as needed to produce sentences for students to read. None of the unique Spalding features are found in the guide; there is no list of spelling rules, a spelling notebook, a marking system, or spelling of high frequency words. The Orton method is in every respect a traditional phonics program. In conclusion the WRTR appears to be Mrs. Spalding’s own creation, one that has a tenuous relationship to the Orton-Gillingham method or to the whole tradition of traditional phonics.

Cheryl Lowe is the author of the popular Latin programs Latina Christiana, Lingua Angelica, and the First Form Latin series, as well as the First Start Reading phonics program. Cheryl discovered Latin when she homeschooled her sons and is the self-styled apostle of Latin, claiming that Latin has more educational value than any other subject you can teach your children. Cheryl graduated from the University of Louisville with a degree in Chemistry and from Western Kentucky University with an M.S. in Biology. Cheryl and her son Brian founded Memoria Press in 1998 and, in 2000, the highly successful Highlands Latin School, where all of the Memoria Press products are taught and field-tested.

What Is the Classical Approach to Phonics?

www.MemoriaPress.com

4603 Poplar Level Road Louisville, KY 40213

PRSRT STD U.S. Postage PAID Memoria Press

Latin, Logic, Composition, & More ... ✓ Live Classrooms ✓ 24/7 Support ✓ Quality Instruction ✓ Easy Enrollment ✓ Flexible Scheduling (see pages 40-43)