The Classical Teacher - Late Summer 2022

Saving Western civilization one student at a time.

Late Summer 2022

The Vision of the Soul The Six Central Insights of the Western Tradition

by James

Matthew Wilson

Befriending Books

by Leta Sundet Science and Imagination

by Dr. Jay Wile The Three Cultures

by Martin Cothran

One True Sentence

by Martin Cothran

In

“You would think it would be easy to write true sentences about education.

But, in fact, it sometimes seems that true sentences about education are very hard to come by.”

2

Letter from the Editor

Ernest Hemingway's book A Moveable Feast, he gives the best advice I have ever read on dealing with writer's block. He tells you to sit down, take up a pen, and write one true sentence. That's it. Just one true sentence.

For example, I had writer's block as I sat down to write this article. I have written probably hundreds of articles like this one, articles taking one truth about classical education and expounding on it for about seven hundred words, but I couldn't think of anything to write about now. So I wrote a sentence that was true, and I was off to the races.

You would think it would be easy to write true sentences about education. But, in fact, it sometimes seems that true sentences about education are very hard to come by. Much of what is written about education could accurately be called "cant"—not the contraction of "can" and "not," but "disingenuous speech," the repetition of trite opinions or sentiments, the insincere use of pious words. The rhetoric on education is filled with it.

Take graduation speeches, for example. I have attended quite a number of graduation addresses and I have a hard time remembering any that really said much worth saying about the education the student listeners presumably received. It is in these speeches and in other chatter from the educational establishment that we hear a blizzard of slogans and catchphrases that betray a lot of enthusiasm but very little substance. We hear talk about "child-centered learning," but education is not the development of a child. Rather, it is the formation of an adult. Before 2000 rolled around we heard talk about "building a bridge to the twenty-first century," when, as it pertains to education, we would have gotten better results building a bridge to the nineteenth. And "no child left behind"? Do we really believe any program or practice will do that?

Likewise, all the education prattle about "research." Research in general—even in the hard sciences—can be unreliable and misleading, as Richard Harris points out in his book Rigor Mortis: How Sloppy Science Creates Worthless Cures, Crushes Hope, and Wastes Billions. But in education the research is especially terrible. In a meta-study done by two researchers from Duke University and the University of Connecticut, they found that only 0.13 percent of education research has been replicated (a basic measurement of competent research).

What if we abandoned the cant and the bad research about education? What if we just wrote one true sentence about education? What would it be?

What if we said: Education is the cultivation of wisdom and virtue through the study of the True, the Good, and the Beautiful, in order to develop fully formed human beings.

Hemingway doesn't tell us to end with one true sentence. But there it is.

Late Summer 2022 FEATURED ARTICLES

2 20 32 40 52

Letter from the Editor by Martin Cothran Top 10 Reasons for Studying Latin by Cheryl Lowe The Mind of a Gentleman by Dr. D. T. Sheffler The Three Cultures by Martin Cothran Science and Imagination by Dr. Jay Wile

60 68 76 86 90

The Vision of the Soul by James Matthew Wilson Mapping the Imagination by Dr. Carol Reynolds Give Them a Door by Cheryl Swope Befriending Books by Leta Sundet Sacrificial Friendship in Charlotte's Web by Leigh Lowe

CLASSICAL CORE CURRICULUM

CLASSICAL / CHRISTIAN STUDIES

4 18 46

50 54 56 58

Curriculum Packages and Supplements Read-Aloud Programs Curriculum Map Yearly Outlook

PRIMARY YEARS

70 72 74 75 78 79

Alphabet, Numbers, & Coloring Phonics & Reading Spelling New American Cursive Penmanship

Classical Composition, IEW, & English Grammar Literature Poetry

Geography American Studies & Modern European History

SCIENCE & MATH

63 73

Dorothy Mills' Histories & Classical Studies Supplements Classical Literature

22 25 26 28 30 31

Prima Latina & Latina Christiana Latin Forms Series Latin Supplements Upper School Latin & AP Latin Greek French

LOGIC & RHETORIC

39

Traditional Logic, Material Logic, & Aristotle's Rhetoric

ART & MUSIC

AMERICAN / MODERN STUDIES

43 44

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths & Famous Men Series

LATIN, GREEK, & FRENCH

Primary Enrichment & Character Building

LITERATURE, GRAMMAR, & WRITING

34 80 88

Christian Studies

66 67 70

Professor Carol: Discovering Music, Exploring America's Musical Heritage, & Early Sacred Music Art Posters, Art Cards, Creating Art, & Music Appreciation Primary Enrichment

RESOURCES

Science & Nature

36 19

Arithmetic & Math

Classical Education Resources Memoria Press Online Academy

Henle Latin Third Year (p. 28)

Manner of the Week Flashcards (p. 70)

American History Outline (p. 44)

Traditional Spelling III (p. 75)

First Start Reading Storybooks (p. 74)

Manuscript Practice Sheets (p. 74)

Kindergarten Phonics Supplemental Workbook (p. 74)

Henle Latin First Year Instructional Videos (p. 28)

The Adventures of Odysseus & The Tale of Troy (p. 58)

NLE: Intermediate Reading Comprehension (p. 26)

We also have full-year curriculum packages for students with special needs.

Visit SimplyClassical.com for information or to sign up for the Simply Classical Journal. © Copyright 2022 (all rights reserved)

MEMORIA PRESS MemoriaPress.com

Publisher | Memoria Press Editor | Martin Cothran Assistant Editor | Dayna Grant

Managing Editor | Tanya Charlton Copy Editor | Ellen R. Anderson Graphic Designers | Aileen Delgado & Jessica Osborne

ONLINE ACADEMY MemoriaPressAcademy.com

The Classical Core Curriculum is a complete classical Christian curriculum that emphasizes the traditional liberal arts of language and mathematics and the cultural heritage of the Christian West as expressed in the great works of history and literature. The curriculum has an early focus on the basic skills of reading, writing, and arithmetic, and a special emphasis on Latin. Latin is the best way to gain an academic vocabulary and to learn the formal system of grammar, and is, along with math, the best early critical thinking skills training. The study of the cultures of Athens and Rome, as well as biblical and Church history, is designed to provide a basis for a proper understanding of European and American history.

Classical Core Curriculum

PRESCHOOL

$220.09 Full Set (all books + Curriculum Manual) $30 Curriculum Manual Only

• Preschool Curriculum Manual • Prayers for Children • Jesus Is With Me • Jesus Hears Me • Jesus Knows Me • Big Red Barn • The Best Mouse Cookie • Little Fur Family • Bunny's Noisy Book • From Head to Toe • Goodnight Moon • Polar Bear, Polar Bear, What Do You Hear?

• Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See? • Numbers, Colors, Shapes

• The Very Busy Spider • Good Night, Gorilla • The Tale of Peter Rabbit • Fuzzy Yellow Ducklings • My Very First Book of Shapes • ABC: An Amazing Alphabet Book!

• Put Me in the Zoo • Hand, Hand, Fingers, Thumb • Cars and Trucks From A to Z • My First Counting Book • The Animals' Christmas Eve • Big Dog ... Little Dog • Mr. Brown Can Moo! Can You? • A Children's Treasury of Nursery Rhymes • 1 Is One

Classical Core Curriculum JR. KINDERGARTEN $149.49 Full Set (all books + 2-Day Curriculum Manual) $64.69 Consumable Books Set (for additional students) $30 Curriculum Manual Only $339.58 Supplemental Read-Aloud Program Character Building Supplements: Myself & Others Book I Core Set $57.86 Myself & Others Book II Core Set $22.45

• Jr. Kindergarten Curriculum Manual • Counting With Numbers • Numbers & Colors • Prayers for Children • Alphabet Books 1 & 2 • Numbers Coloring Book • Alphabet Coloring Book • Alphabet Flashcards • Alphabet Manuscript Wall Charts

4

Classical Core Curriculum

• Richard Scarry's Best Mother Goose Ever • Big Thoughts for Little People (Devotional) • Hailstones and Halibut Bones (Poetry) • The Book of Crafts: Jr. Kindergarten • My Very Own Scissors Book

5-Day Junior Kindergarten Curriculum now available! | $217.75 Check out the book list: MemoriaPress.com/JK-5

Curriculum prices valid as of printing.

Subject to change.

MemoriaPress.com

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $161.19 Supplemental Read-Aloud Sets also available!

Classical Core Curriculum

KINDERGARTEN

ENRICHMENT

CURRICULUM MANUAL

Kindergarten Enrichment; Kindergarten Book of Crafts; Kindergarten Art Cards; Animals, Animals; A Child's Book of Poems; Music Enrichment

Lesson Plans for One Year

RETAIL

627.68

$

PACKAGE PRICE

472.70

$

MATH

CHRISTIAN

Numbers Book set; Rod & Staff Arithmetic 1 Student (Part 1), Teacher, and Practice Sheets; Arithmetic Flashcards: Addition & Subtraction; Memoria Math Challenge A

The Story Bible; Christian Studies Enrichment

PHONICS & SPELLING 100 Days of Summer Reading Book I; Classical Phonics; Phonics Flashcards; First Start Reading A-D; First Start Reading Storybooks A-D; Phonics & Reading Streaming Instructional Videos; Christian Liberty Nature Reader, Book K; Scamp and Tramp; Soft and White; Fun in the Sun; Animal Alphabet Coloring Book; Kindergarten Phonics Supplemental Workbook; Manuscript Practice Sheets; Cut & Paste Book

MORNING WORK

PENMANSHIP

OPTIONAL

Kindergarten Morning Work; Manner of the Week Wall Charts and Flashcards

Copybook I; Composition & Sketchbook I

For extra practice as needed.

Primary Phonics Readers, Set 1

NEED TO CUSTOMIZE? Go to MemoriaPress.com or call 502-966-9115.

1-502-966-9115

Classical Core Curriculum

5

Classical Core Curriculum

RETAIL

505.27

$

GRADE 1

PACKAGE PRICE

$

382.53

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $177.07 Supplemental Read-Aloud Sets also available!

LITERATURE

CURRICULUM MANUAL

StoryTime Treasures set; More StoryTime Treasures set; Winter on the Farm; Christmas in the Big Woods; Little House Christmas Treasury; 100 Days of Summer Reading Book II

Lesson Plans for One Year

PHONICS & SPELLING

PENMANSHIP

ENRICHMENT

First Start Reading Book E; First Start Reading Storybook E; Traditional Spelling I set

New American Cursive 1; Copybook II; Composition & Sketchbook II; Cursive Practice Sheets I; Alphabet Wall Poster; Summer Cursive; Penmanship Tablet

First Grade Book of Crafts; First Grade Enrichment; First Grade Art Cards

MATH

OPTIONAL

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 1 Student (Part 2); Rod & Staff Arithmetic 2 Student (Unit 1), Teacher (Part 1), and Practice Sheets Book 1; Memoria Math Challenge B

For extra practice as needed.

Primary Phonics Readers, Sets 2-6

American Language Series

OR

NEW USER ADD-ON SET $147.23 New to Memoria Press? You need these items from prior years.

Classical Phonics; Phonics Flashcards; A Child's Book of Poems; Animals, Animals; The Story Bible; Christian Studies Enrichment; Rod & Staff Arithmetic 1 Teacher Manual and Practice Sheets; Arithmetic Flashcards: Addition & Subtraction; Music Enrichment

NEED TO CUSTOMIZE? Go to MemoriaPress.com or call 502-966-9115.

6

Classical Core Curriculum

MemoriaPress.com

Classical Core Curriculum

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $234.75

GRADE 2

Supplemental Read-Aloud Sets also available!

CURRICULUM MANUAL Lesson Plans for One Year

SCIENCE Rod & Staff Patterns of Nature set

AMERICAN/ MODERN

RETAIL

624.62

$

PACKAGE PRICE

LATIN

$

473.53

Prima Latina complete set

Stories of Great Americans for Little Americans

Prima Latina Streaming Instructional Videos Available!

PENMANSHIP

MATH

GRAMMAR

New American Cursive 2; Copybook Cursive I; Composition & Sketchbook II; Prima Latina Copybook; Penmanship Tablet

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 2 Student (Units 2-4), Teacher (Part 2), Practice Sheets (Book 2), Supplemental Pack; Memoria Math Challenge C; Memoria Math Supplemental Workbook: Review of First Grade Math

English Grammar Practice; Core Skills Language Arts 2

LITERATURE

ENRICHMENT

Second Grade Literature set; Second Grade Literature Dictionary; 100 Days of Summer Reading Book III

Second Grade Enrichment; Second Grade Book of Crafts; Second Grade Art Cards

NEW USER ADD-ON SET $137.43

PHONICS & SPELLING

OPTIONAL

New to Memoria Press? You need these items from prior years.

Traditional Spelling II set

Cursive Practice Sheets II; Easy Reader Classics

Classical Phonics; Phonics Flashcards; A Child's Book of Poems; Animals, Animals; Music Enrichment; The Story Bible; Christian Studies Enrichment; Arithmetic Flashcards: Addition & Subtraction; Rod & Staff Arithmetic 2 Student (Unit 1), Practice Sheets (Book 1), and Teacher (Part 1)

1-502-966-9115

Classical Core Curriculum

7

Classical Core Curriculum

RETAIL

919.46

$

GRADE 3

PACKAGE PRICE

588.32

$

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $286.29 Supplemental Read-Aloud Sets also available!

LATIN

SCIENCE

Latina Christiana set, LC Review Worksheets set; Latina Christiana: Games & Puzzles set

Mammals set

CURRICULUM MANUAL Lesson Plans for One Year

AMERICAN/MODERN

WRITING

PENMANSHIP

MATH

States & Capitals set; FlashKids States & Capitals Flashcards

All Things Fun & Fascinating

New American Cursive 3

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 3 Student, Teacher, Supplemental Worksheets and Key, Blacklines, Speed Drills; Multiplication Flashcards: 0 to 12; Division Flashcards: 0 to 12

CLASSICAL

GRAMMAR

SPELLING

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths set; Timeline Program

English Grammar Recitation and English Grammar Recitation Workbook I set and Flashcards; Core Skills Language Arts 3

Traditional Spelling III set

CHRISTIAN

LITERATURE/POETRY

Christian Studies I set; The Golden Children's Bible; Memory Verse Flashcards; Old Testament Flashcards

Third Grade Literature set; Poetry for the Grammar Stage set; The Best Christmas Pageant Ever

OPTIONAL

New to Memoria Press? You need this item from Second Grade.

Cursive Practice Sheets III

Latina Christiana Flashcards $15.95

Latina Christiana Streaming Instructional Videos Available!

8

Classical Core Curriculum

MemoriaPress.com

Classical Core Curriculum

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $124.24

GRADE 4

Supplemental Read-Aloud Sets also available!

MATH

SPELLING

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 4 Student, Teacher (Parts 1-2), Tests, Speed Drills, Speed Drill Packet

Spelling Workout E set

CURRICULUM MANUAL Lesson Plans for One Year

RETAIL

485.86

$

PACKAGE PRICE

$

329.72

LITERATURE Fourth Grade Literature set; Papa Panov's Special Christmas; Twelve Days of Christmas; A Promise Kept: The Story of Christmas; Good King Wenceslas

WRITING

SCIENCE

PENMANSHIP

GRAMMAR

Classical Composition I: Fable Student, Teacher, DVDs

The Book of Astronomy set

Copybook Cursive II

Core Skills Language Arts 4

Transitioning to the Classical Core Curriculum in Grade 4?

In our third grade package, students complete half of D'Aulaires' Greek Myths, Latina Christiana, Christian Studies I, English Grammar Recitation I, and States and Capitals, as well as parts of Poetry for the Grammar Stage, which they will continue to use through seventh grade.

The purchase of this package assumes that you have the books that are in our third grade package and have completed the first half of them.

If you are starting the Classical Core Curriculum in fourth grade, we have a discounted transitional package for you: $642.91 Grade 4 for New Users Visit MemoriaPress.com for a complete book list and more information.

Classical Composition Streaming Instructional Videos Available!

1-502-966-9115

NEED TO CUSTOMIZE? Go to MemoriaPress.com or call 502-966-9115.

Classical Core Curriculum

9

Classical Core Curriculum GRADE 5 EVERYTHING YOU NEED FOR ONE YEAR

Classical Core Curriculum

RETAIL

859.65

$

PACKAGE PRICE

$

554.09

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $209.65 Supplemental Read-Aloud Sets also available!

GRADE 5 CURRICULUM MANUAL

LATIN First Form Latin complete set; Lingua Angelica I set; Latin Grammar Recitation

Lesson Plans for One Year

WRITING

GRAMMAR

MATH

Classical Composition II: Narrative Student, Teacher, DVDs

English Grammar Recitation Workbook II set; Core Skills Language Arts 5

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 5 Student, Teacher (Parts 1-2), Tests, Speed Drills

AMERICAN/MODERN

CLASSICAL

CHRISTIAN

Geography I set, including The United States Review set and Geography Flashcards

Famous Men of Rome set

Christian Studies II set, Copybook Cursive III

SPELLING

SCIENCE

LITERATURE

Spelling Workout F set

The Book of Insects set

Fifth Grade Literature set

Monarch Butterfly • Lepidoptera [Greek: λεπιδος + πτερα] means "scale-winged" • Cabbage butterfly, sphinx moth, monarch butterfly, brush-footed butterfly, swallowtail butterfly, luna moth • Complete metamorphosis • Characteristics: large wings and coiling mouthparts • Also includes: tiger moth, cecropia moth, skipper butterfly

Honeybee • Hymenoptera [Greek: υµεν + πτερα] means "membrane-winged" • Paper wasp, yellow jacket, hornet, carpenter ant, fire ant, honeybee, bumblebee • Complete metamorphosis • Characteristics: slender waist and stingers • Also includes: saw fly, mud dauber, bulldog ant, sweat bee

NEW USER ADD-ON SET $142.03 – New to Memoria Press? You need these items from prior years.

Timeline Program; Poetry for the Grammar Stage set; English Grammar Recitation; English Grammar Recitation Flashcards; The Golden Children's Bible; Old Testament Flashcards; Memory Verse Flashcards

First Form Latin & Classical Composition Streaming Instructional Videos Available!

NEED TO CUSTOMIZE? Go to MemoriaPress.com or call 502-966-9115.

12

Classical Core Curriculum

MemoriaPress.com

Classical Core Curriculum

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $224.26

GRADE 6

Supplemental Read-Aloud Sets also available!

LATIN

AMERICAN/MODERN

Second Form Latin complete set

Geography II set, including Geography I Review set

MATH Rod & Staff Mathematics 6 Student, Teacher (Parts 1-2), Quizzes & Speed Tests, Tests

CURRICULUM MANUAL

RETAIL

844.87

$

PACKAGE PRICE

$

544.91

Lesson Plans for One Year

WRITING

CLASSICAL

Classical Composition III: Chreia & Maxim Student, Teacher, DVDs

Famous Men of the Middle Ages set

GRAMMAR

SPELLING

SCIENCE

English Grammar Recitation Workbook III set; Core Skills Language Arts 6

Spelling Workout G set

The Book of Birds set; Exploring the History of Medicine set

LITERATURE

CHRISTIAN

Sixth Grade Literature set

Christian Studies III set; New Testament Flashcards; Copybook Cursive IV

Second Form Latin & Classical Composition Streaming Instructional Videos Available!

NEW USER ADD-ON SET $147.63 – New to Memoria Press? You need these items from prior years.

Timeline Program; Poetry for the Grammar Stage set; English Grammar Recitation; English Grammar Recitation Flashcards; The Golden Children's Bible; Memory Verse Flashcards; Geography Flashcards

NEED TO CUSTOMIZE? Go to MemoriaPress.com or call 502-966-9115.

1-502-966-9115

Classical Core Curriculum

13

Classical Core Curriculum

RETAIL

969.09

$

GRADE 7

PACKAGE PRICE

CURRICULUM MANUAL

$

602.95

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $250.19

LATIN

WRITING

Third Form Latin complete set

Classical Composition IV: Refutation & Confirmation Student, Teacher, DVDs

Lesson Plans for One Year

SPELLING

AMERICAN/MODERN

CLASSICAL

Spelling Workout H set

The Story of the Thirteen Colonies & the Great Republic set; American History Outline set; 200 Questions About American History set and Flashcards; The Story of the World, Vol. 4

Famous Men of Greece set; Horatius at the Bridge set; The Greek Alphabet set

CHRISTIAN MATH

SCIENCE

College of the Redwoods Prealgebra set

The Book of Trees set; Exploring the World of Biology set

Christian Studies IV set

GRAMMAR

LITERATURE

English Grammar Recitation Workbook IV set; Core Skills Language Arts 7

Seventh Grade Literature set

Classical Composition Streaming Instructional Videos Available!

14

NEW USER ADD-ON SET $101.32 – New to Memoria Press? You need these items from prior years.

REVIEW

Timeline Program; Poetry for the Grammar Stage set; English Grammar Recitation; English Grammar Recitation Flashcards

Geography & Timeline Review

Classical Core Curriculum

Classical Core Curriculum

GRADE 8

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $218.56 GRAMMAR

CLASSICAL

English Grammar Recitation Workbook V set; Core Skills Language Arts 8

The Book of the Ancient Greeks set; The Iliad set; The Odyssey set

CURRICULUM MANUAL

RETAIL

1,380.10

$

PACKAGE PRICE

$

813.17

Lesson Plans for One Year

LATIN

WRITING

CHRISTIAN

Fourth Form Latin complete set; Henle Latin First Year

Classical Composition V: Common Topic Student, Teacher, DVDs

The Book of the Ancient World set

MATH

SCIENCE

AMERICAN/MODERN

VideoText Algebra, Year One (Modules A-C)*

Novare Physical Science Text and Resource CD

Geography III Text, Student, Teacher and Classroom Atlas

*only Module A is pictured

LITERATURE/POETRY

OPTIONAL

Eighth Grade Literature set; Poetry & Short Stories: American Literature set; Bard of Avon

First Form Greek

Fourth Form Latin, First Form Greek, VideoText, Classical Composition, Iliad, and Odyssey Streaming Instructional Videos Available!

New to Memoria Press? You need these items from prior years.

Geography Flashcards $20.95

1-502-966-9115

English Grammar Recitation Flashcards $13.50

NEED TO CUSTOMIZE? Go to MemoriaPress.com or call 502-966-9115.

Classical Core Curriculum

15

Classical Core Curriculum

RETAIL

1,334.16

$

PACKAGE PRICE

$

828.06

GRADE 9 CURRICULUM MANUAL Lesson Plans for One Year

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $203.35

LATIN

CLASSICAL

Henle Latin Second Year Lesson Plans, Flashcards, Quizzes & Tests, Text, and Key; Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage

The Book of the Ancient Romans set; The Aeneid set

LOGIC

WRITING

CHRISTIAN

Traditional Logic I & II complete sets

Classical Composition VI: Encomium, Invective, & Comparison Student, Teacher, DVDs

The Story of Christianity set

LITERATURE/POETRY

AMERICAN/MODERN

Ninth Grade Literature set; The British Tradition I: Poetry, Prose, & Drama set; The Book of the Middle Ages

Renaissance & Reformation Times set

SCIENCE

MATH

Modern Biology set

VideoText Algebra, Year Two (Modules D-F)*

NOTE: Modern Biology has gone out of print. If you are using our guides for this program you will need to purchase a used textbook elsewhere.

Modern Biology is a secular textbook that contains a section on evolution not acceptable to many Christians. While we don't cover that unit in our curriculum, our guides do define related terms.

16

Classical Core Curriculum

*only Module D is pictured

Aeneid, Traditional Logic I and II, VideoText, and Classical Composition Streaming Instructional Videos Available!

NEED TO CUSTOMIZE? Go to MemoriaPress.com or call 502-966-9115.

MemoriaPress.com

Classical Core Curriculum

GRADE 10

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $211.85 CURRICULUM MANUAL Lesson Plans for One Year

RETAIL

1,816.70

$

PACKAGE PRICE

LATIN

CHRISTIAN

Mueller's Caesar (De Bello Gallico) Text, Teacher's Guide, and Lesson Plans

History of the Early Church set

$

1,109.90

CLASSICAL

AMERICAN/MODERN

Medea & Other Plays set; The Three Theban Plays set; The Oresteian Trilogy set

A History of Medieval Europe set

WRITING

LITERATURE/POETRY

Classical Composition VII: Characterization and Classical Composition VIII: Description Student, Teacher, DVDs

Tenth Grade Literature set; The British Tradition II: Poetry & Prose set

SCIENCE

LOGIC

MATH

Novare General Chemistry Text, Resource CD, Complete Solutions Manual, Student Lab Report Handbook, and Experiments for High School at Home

Material Logic complete set

VideoText Geometry (Modules A-E)*

*only Module A is pictured

Greek Tragedies, Classical Composition, VideoText, and Material Logic Streaming Instructional Videos Available!

1-502-966-9115

NEED TO CUSTOMIZE? Go to MemoriaPress.com or call 502-966-9115.

Classical Core Curriculum

17

Classical Core Curriculum

READ-ALOUD PROGRAMS Kindergarten Read-Aloud Set pictured. For a complete list of books in each set, visit MemoriaPress.com.

Choose from: • Jr. Kindergarten Read-Aloud $339.58 • Kindergarten Read-Aloud $369.54 • Kindergarten Science & Enrichment $356.56 • First Grade Read-Aloud $379.46 • First Grade Science & Enrichment $262.51 • Second Grade Read-Aloud $362.55 • Second Grade Science & Enrichment $223.68 • Third Grade Read-Aloud Novels $185.82 • Third Grade Read-Aloud Picture Books $341.71 • Third Grade American $139.73 To complete the Literature & Enrichment portion of the K-2 curriculum, you will need the weekly read-alouds. You may already own many of these classic books, but you can also gather them at the library or purchase them from us. We schedule Literature ReadAlouds and American Studies Read-Alouds for older students in our 3rd-6th grade Curriculum Manuals. These grammar school sets are supplemental as time and interest permit.

Memoria Press Streaming Streaming Audio:

• Prima Latina • Latina Christiana • Latin Forms Series • Latin Recitation

• Lingua Angelica • Music Appreciation • First Start French I & II • Greek Forms Series

Streaming Video:

• Classical Composition • Traditional Logic I • Traditional Logic II • Material Logic • Prima Latina • Latina Christiana • First Form Latin • Second Form Latin • Third Form Latin • Fourth Form Latin • First Form Greek • Henle Latin First Year

• Latin Recitation • Greek Tragedies • Divine Comedy • Aeneid • Iliad • Odyssey • Algebra I • Algebra II • Biology • Kindergarten Phonics & Reading

Our Streaming Instructional Videos are a digital alternative to physical DVDs, and require only a device (computer, phone, tablet) with internet access. They include the same thorough and engaging teacher instruction as our DVDs. Purchase of a subscription gives you LIFETIME ACCESS to the videos!

• Fourth Grade Read-Aloud $136.70 • Fourth Grade American $81.90 • Fifth Grade Read-Aloud $102.83 • Fifth Grade American $64.88 • Sixth Grade Read-Aloud $84.41 • Sixth Grade American $58.90

Don't need an entire package?

Lesson Plans by Subject

$3.00 - $16.00 per subject Memoria Press' lesson plans by subject allow you to tailor the Classical Core Curriculum to your own needs. These plans retain our week-at-a-glance layout, scheduling the individual subjects of each grade so you can mix and match as you need.

✓ Latin Forms Series ✓ Literature ✓ Classical Studies ✓ Kindergarten Phonics ✓ Christian Studies ✓ Geography ✓ Math & Science ✓ AND MORE!

OR Shop entire list online: www.MemoriaPress.com/lesson-plans

Stream today at MemoriaPress.com/streaming

18

Read-Aloud Programs

MemoriaPress.com

Since 2006

AFFORDABLE CLASSES

LIVE & SELF-PACED

GRADES 3-12

COURSE SUBJECTS Latin & Greek | Logic & Rhetoric Classical | Christian | Literature & Writing

We believe that the Online Academy is a partnership between teachers and parents. Our teachers provide skilled instruction, answer questions about the material, teach students how to master the content, and keep parents notified of their students' progress. The parents of our students commit to monitoring progress on assessments and helping students manage time throughout the week. This vital partnership fosters a rigorous academic environment where students are challenged and supported. The Online Academy instills order, structure, discipline, and hard work in students.

These habits will serve them well their entire lives.

Math & Science | Modern History | French Government | AND MORE

ENROLL TODAY AT

MemoriaPressAcademy.com

HEAD OF SCHOOL

LATIN

TOP 10 REASONS FOR STUDYING LATIN

by Cheryl Lowe

1. Latin is the next step after phonics.

We all understand the importance of phonics— the systematic study of the English letters and their sounds—but phonics only covers half of our language: the concrete words that students learn to speak and read first. English is a hybrid language, a marriage of concrete, Germanic-influenced English and Latin.

Beginning in third grade students start to encounter the Latin half of English. Latin words are bigger and harder and have more syllables, more abstract meanings, and different pronunciation and spelling patterns. The only truly systematic and orderly way to continue the study of the English language after phonics is to teach Latin.

2. Half of our English vocabulary is made up of Latin words and roots.

Here's the problem: Students have learned the English word "father," but as they progress through school they meet a whole new set of words: 3-5-syllable words like "paternalism," "expatriate," and "patronize" that are difficult and abstract and come from the Latin word for "father," pater, patris. How do we teach these Latin words masquerading as English? We should teach Latin.

3. Latin provides the root words for all of the modern sciences.

We live in an age dominated by science, so parents often ask, "Why study something useless and impractical like Latin? What we need is more science and math education." We think science is important too—so important that we strongly recommend Latin to these folks. Biology, chemistry, astronomy, psychology, Cheryl Lowe was the founder of Memoria Press and the author of the Latin Forms Series, Classical Phonics, and many other books. She also founded Highlands Latin School in Louisville, Kentucky, where all Memoria Press materials are developed and tested. The full version of this article can be found at MemoriaPress.com.

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Top 10 Reasons for Studying Latin

sociology, economics—Latin provides most of the root words for the specialized vocabularies of the modern sciences. The first task in learning a new subject is to learn the vocabulary—that is half the battle.

4. Latin is the language of law, government, logic, and theology.

The Romans excelled in the practical arts of law and government, and it is from them that we derive our legal and political language. All legal terms are Latin.

And although logic was first explained by Aristotle in Greek, it was really developed and systematized by the schoolmen in the Middle Ages—in Latin, of course.

In the West even Christian theology was worked out in Latin. Many of the original words were Greek, but they were all filtered through Latin. Many well known theological concepts are in Latin: We are created Imago Dei, in the "image of God," and ex nihilo, "from nothing."

5. Latin is the most efficient way to learn English grammar.

The first reason for this is that it is difficult for students to analyze their native language, something they use instinctively and have learned by imitation. But a foreign language is foreign; the student has to break it down to learn the grammar. And for this purpose there is no grammar like the Latin grammar. Latin is the most orderly, logical, disciplined, structured, systematic, consistent grammar in existence. Every lesson in Latin is a lesson in logic. Latin is a grammar system that is unparalleled among all the languages. It has no equal.

The second reason is that English grammar is unsystematic, unstructured, unreliable, and inconsistent. It is abstract and invisible because of its lack of structure and inflection. Inflected languages like Latin have noun endings that tell you what the noun is doing in the sentence and verb endings that tell MemoriaPress.com

you who is doing the action of the verb and when. It is visible and concrete. Latin grammar teaches English better than English grammar teaches English.

6. Latin is the best preparation for learning any language.

Latin is the best preparation for learning a Romance language—or any language. Once you really understand how language works, the task of learning a new language will be more than cut in half. Why settle for just one language? Learn a dozen—but learn Latin first.

7. Latin effectively develops and trains the mind.

I consider this to be the most important reason of all: mental training. Latin is the most effective tool we have to develop and train the minds of the young. Not only does it cut in half the task of learning another language, it makes learning any subject easier. The student who has learned how to learn with Latin will be a better student at all of his other subjects. Latin teaches students how to think systematically and approach any new subject with greatly enhanced learning skills.

You see, subjects are formative. Literature teaches insight, perception, and compassion for the human condition. History develops judgment, discernment, acumen, and wisdom. Latin requires and teaches attention to detail, accuracy, patience, discipline, precision, and thorough, honest work. Latin will form the minds of your students.

8. Latin connects every subject.

Latin is a unit study where the work is done for you, where everything integrates naturally and the connections are there for you to discover. There is no subject you can study that connects with every other subject more than Latin. Science, math, logic, theology, 1-502-966-9115

law, literature, history—for a thousand years Latin was the language of Western civilization, and everything from the ancient world has come down to us filtered through it. When you learn Latin you are learning the history of just about everything.

Learning is making connections. The more you know, the easier it is to acquire new knowledge because it will stick to something you already know. Latin gives you more stickies than any other subject. It is like academic velcro. It connects with everything.

9. Latin is transformative.

Latin will change your curriculum and homeschool from good to great. Latin provides the missing element in modern education—the glue, the integrating factor. Latin does for the language side of the curriculum what math does for science. It provides the mental discipline and structure that the humanities side of the curriculum desperately needs.

We talk a lot about higher order thinking, but there is only one way to reach a high order of thinking, and that is to dive deep into one subject. We need that kind of experience on the language side of the curriculum.

Latin is the answer.

10. Latin is the language of Western civilization.

If we plan to save Western civilization, we must study it. Latin is the mother tongue of Western civilization.

The original thinkers in the ancient world were the Greeks and the Hebrews, but the Romans summarized, synthesized, codified, and handed Western civilization down to us—in Latin. Latin is the most influential language in human history. Learn Latin! You will be doing your part to save Western civilization and transform your education from good to great. As G. K. Chesterton said, Latin is not dead; it's immortal.

Top 10 Reasons for Studying Latin

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Latin Prima Latina: An Introduction to Christian Latin

by Leigh Lowe | Grades 1-4 Prima Latina is a gentle introduction to Latin specifically designed for students and teachers with no Latin background. It teaches the basic parts of speech while introducing Latin, grounding students in the fundamental concepts of English grammar. Prima Latina transitions seamlessly into Latina Christiana.

Each lesson of the Student Workbook includes five Latin vocabulary words and English derivatives, a Latin saying, a Latin prayer, and grammar exercises. The Teacher Guide has a full answer key and unit tests. The Pronunciation CD has a complete recitation of the Latin prayers and vocabulary as well as four songs from Lingua Angelica. About half the vocabulary of Latina Christiana is introduced in Prima Latina, so the Latina Christiana Flashcards are used for both programs. If you are looking for additional support in teaching your student, the author, Leigh Lowe, has recorded detailed Instructional Videos for every lesson that are sure to delight your young students!

$104.26 complete set (student, teacher, CD, videos, flashcards) $38.17 basic set (student, teacher, CD) Student $16.50 | Teacher $16.50 | CD $9.50 Videos $55.00 | Flashcards $15.95

Latina Christiana: An Introduction to First Form Latin

by Cheryl Lowe | Grades 3-6 Begin your Latin study here or continue on from Prima Latina. Each lesson consists of a grammar form, ten vocabulary words, English derivatives to help build vocabulary, and a Latin saying that teaches students about their Christian and classical heritage.

The Teacher Manual includes a complete copy of the student book with overlaid answers, and provides detailed weekly lesson plans, comprehensive teaching instructions, tests, and weekly quizzes and keys.

Latina Christiana Review Worksheets Grades 3-6 16

crux crucis

NOUN

cross

crucial

Review Worksheets $10.95

16

lex legis

Review Worksheets Key $5.50

legislature

$103.12 complete set (student, teacher, CD, videos, flashcards) $45.76 basic set (student, teacher, CD) Student $17.50 | Teacher $21.95 | CD $9.50 Videos $55.00 | Flashcards $15.95

We highly recommend Latina Christiana Review Worksheets as a companion to Latina Christiana. Two pages of cumulative review for every lesson of Latina Christiana will ensure your students get weekly reinforcement of old and new concepts.

Latina Christiana Games & Puzzles Grades 3-6 Games & Puzzles $12.95 | Games & Puzzles Answer Key $5.50 In this activity book we've stuffed enrichment activities of every kind to help your students practice the vocabulary, grammar, and derivatives in Latina Christiana. Students will find hours of enjoyment playing Latin hangman, solving Latin crossword puzzles, and competing against each other in Latin picture games, while you can secretly delight in the fact that such "fun" work is actually worthwhile!

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Latin

Latina Christiana Grammar Charts Wall Charts (left) (33" x 17") (4 charts total) $22.00 Desk Charts (right) (8.5" x 11") (4 charts total) $13.95 All of the grammar forms from Latina Christiana are organized here in a clean, easy-to-read format that is a perfect visual aid for a classroom wall or student desk.

MemoriaPress.com

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Heading Goes Here

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Heading Goes Here

MemoriaPress.com

Latin

Latin Forms Series

A grammar-based approach to learning Latin.

The Latin Forms Series is based on decades of teaching experience and use in private schools and homeschools around the world. First Form is the ideal text for all beginners, grades 5 and up, or is a great follow-up to Latina Christiana. The uniqueness of the Forms Series lies in two features: 1) A systematic, grammar-first approach to learning Latin that is suitable for the grammar stage student—and all beginners, regardless of age, are in the grammar stage of learning.

2) Extensive workbook exercises that ensure skill mastery and rapid recognition of inflected forms.

Our text and guides help every student (and teacher!) make sense of this difficult subject. A complete set includes: •

•

•

•

34 two-page lessons in the Student Text are paired with 4-6 pages of Student Workbook exercises, weekly Quizzes, and unit Tests to make sure your students are mastering and retaining what they learn.

Latin Forms Series (First Form shown)

$131.78 complete set ea.

The Pronunciation CD and Flashcards provide constant practice of grammar forms and vocabulary.

(all 5 books, CD, videos, flashcards)

$71.16 basic set ea. (all 5 books + CD)

The scripted Teacher Manual and complete Teacher Key give even the most novice Latin teacher the tools to teach with confidence.

Instructional Videos in DVD or streaming format are also available, to bring the experience and expertise of a Highlands Latin School master teacher into your home.

Text $15.00 ea. | Workbook $16.50 ea.

Teacher Manual $12.95 ea. | Teacher Key $16.50 ea.

Quizzes & Tests $5.50 ea. | CD $9.50 ea. | Flashcards $15.95 ea.

Instructional Videos: DVDs or Streaming $55.00 ea.

First Form Latin: Latin Grammar, Year One

Second Form Latin: Latin Grammar, Year Two

Third Form Latin: Latin Grammar, Year Three

Fourth Form Latin: Latin Grammar, Year Four

by Cheryl Lowe Grades 5+ (Grades 4+ if completed Latina Christiana)

by Cheryl Lowe | Grades 6+

by Cheryl Lowe | Grades 7+

by Cheryl Lowe & Michael Simpson Grades 8+

First & Second Form Latin Review Summer Review Courses

by Cheryl Lowe Grades 5+ Student $13.95 ea.

Key $10.95 ea.

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Students are prone to forget what they have learned from year to year—an especially detrimental loss for the Latin student. To prevent this, Memoria Press has developed these summer courses that feature vocabulary review, form drills, and other exercises, all designed to foster mastery and retention.

Latin

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Latin Supplements Prima Latina Copybook New American Cursive font Grades 1-4 $15.50 This Latin copybook in the New American Cursive font, featuring vocabulary practice and a page to copy each prayer in Prima Latina, is a great way to help your children practice their Latin while developing penmanship skills.

Latin Cursive Copybook Hymns & Prayers Grades 4-6 $15.50 Practice your cursive with Latin sayings and hymns and prayers from Latina Christiana, First Form Latin, and Lingua Angelica.

NEW

Latin Grammar Recitation Program Grades 4+ | $26.90 set (flashcards and handbook) Flashcards for every grammar form taught and recited in our Latin Forms Series and a handbook with a lesson-by-lesson schedule for coordinating with the recitations in First Form through Fourth Form.

Latin Recitation CD/DVD Grades 3+

CD & DVD $16.50 The entire Latin grammar, presented

by Cheryl Lowe.

CD is audio only; DVD includes visual grammar charts.

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Latin Supplements

Memoria Press Guides to the National Latin Exam

by Cheryl Lowe, Susan Strickland, and Jon Christianson Grades 5+ Introduction $10.95 Beginning Latin Exam (formerly Level I) $16.50 Intermediate Latin Exam (formerly Level II) $21.95 Intermediate Reading Comprehension Exam (formerly Level III) $21.95 These guides include the vocabulary, grammar, syntax, Roman history, culture, mythology, and geography commonly found on the National Latin Exam. When paired with previous exams, these guides are perfect preparation for the NLE.

Find samples and full product descriptions at MemoriaPress.com!

MemoriaPress.com

Latin Supplements Roots of English Latin & Greek Roots for Beginners

by Paul O'Brien Grades 6-8 $21.95 An introduction to English vocabulary through a study of Latin and Greek roots.

The Book of Roots Advanced Vocabulary Building from Latin Roots

by Paul O'Brien Grades 8+ Student $24.95 Key $5.50 Your student will learn the definition and etymology of over 1,500 English derivatives, along with prefixes, suffixes, and supplemental Latin vocabulary lists.

Latin Forms Series Grammar Charts

Lingua Biblica: Old Testament Stories in Latin

by Martin Cothran Grades 9+ Student $21.95 Teacher $21.95

Wall Charts (33" x 17")

Desk Charts (8.5" x 11")

First Form (4 charts) $22.00

First & Second Form (6 charts) $13.95

Second Form (3 charts) $22.00

Third & Fourth Form (20 charts) $17.50

Translation exercises from the Latin Vulgate. Each lesson includes exercises at three levels of difficulty.

Lingua Angelica I & II

Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage

Latin Songs & Prayers (Translation Course)

by Cheryl Lowe

by Cheryl Lowe

All Ages | $16.50

$43.48 set ea. (student & teacher, song book, & CD)

A compendium of Latin grammar forms and a basic introduction to Latin syntax. Includes all conjugations and declensions, making it an easily accessible reference.

Student $12.95 ea. | Teacher $18.50 ea.

Song Book* $10.95 | Music CD* $11.95 *Used for both LA I and II

Vocabulary work, interlinear translation exercises, and grammar word study exercises for 28 hymns sung by a six-voice Gregorian chant choir.

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Latin Supplements

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Latin Henle Latin First Year Advanced Christian Latin

by Robert Henle | Grades 8+

$58.43 Text Set (Henle I text, key, and grammar) $79.12 Units I-V Guides and Instructional Videos Set (I-V teacher manual, quizzes & tests, instructional videos)

NEW

Originally published in 1945, the Henle Latin Series teaches Latin the traditional way. Our Teacher Manuals split the work of Henle Latin First Year over two years, scheduling what to do every step of the way. The Manuals include scripted lessons for the teacher, additional explanations and practice for the student, and a full answer key. The Quizzes & Tests help you measure your mastery along the way.

Note: Though Henle is considered a Catholic text, its superiority as a teaching resource and the outstanding benefits of its Christian perspective also make it appropriate for Protestants.

(VI-XIV teacher manual, quizzes & tests, instructional videos)

Henle I Text $21.99 | Henle I Key $7.99 | Henle Grammar $16.99 Henle Latin I Vocabulary Flashcards $17.95 Henle Latin First Year Teacher Manual: Units I-V or VI-XIV $21.95 ea.

Henle Latin First Year Quizzes & Tests: Units I-V or VI-XIV $10.95 ea.

NEW: Henle Latin First Year Streaming Instructional Videos: Units I-V or VI-XIV $55.00 ea.

Henle Latin Second Year

Henle Latin Third Year

Advanced Christian Latin

Advanced Christian Latin

by Robert Henle

by Robert Henle

Grades 9+

Grades 10+

NEW

$68.23 set

$91.51 set (text, key, student,

(text, key, lesson plans,

teacher, quizzes & tests, flashcards)

quizzes & tests, flashcards)

Text $21.99 | Key $7.99

Text $21.99 | Key $7.99 Lesson Plans $14.95 Quizzes & Tests $10.95 Flashcards $15.95 This is an ideal program for students who have completed our Latin Forms Series or Henle Latin First Year and are ready for advanced syntax study and translation. Our Lesson Plans will guide students through readings and exercises based on Caesar's Commentaries in the Henle Latin Second Year and our Quizzes & Tests book will help gauge mastery. Daily work is divided into Opening (review, recitations), Lesson, and Closing (grammar and vocabulary to be studied in preparation for testing).

Student Guide $17.50 Teacher Manual $21.95 Quizzes & Tests $10.95 Flashcards $15.95 Henle Latin Third Year teaches students to reach beyond grammar and grasp the rudiments of rhetoric with the help of Cicero, perhaps Rome's most illustrious orator. Memoria Press' Student Guide, Teacher Manual, and Quizzes & Tests are sources of invaluable support in learning and mastering rhetorical Latin, even without the guidance of an experienced teacher. These texts organize the course into a sensible schedule, provide a wealth of insight to assist students in their exercises, and provide levelappropriate assessments to determine mastery of Latin.

Henle Latin Fourth Year

Henle Latin Vocabulary Flashcards

Advanced Christian Latin

Grades 8+

by Robert Henle

Henle Latin First Year Flashcards $17.95

Grades 11+

$28.48 set (text, key) Text $21.99 | Key $7.99 Henle Latin Fourth Year leads students through Cicero's Defense of Archias and the first six books of the culmination of Latin poetry, Virgil's Aeneid.

Mueller's text and accompanying Teacher's Guide will lead students through Caesar's account of his wars in Gaul. A perfect text for Latin students who are ready to translate, this program includes vocabulary, footnotes, historical background, and other resources, preparing interested students for the Caesar portion of the AP Latin Exam.

Memoria Press' Lesson Plans schedule the work and teach, step by step, how to approach Latin translation.

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$79.12 Units VI-XIV Guides and Instructional Videos Set

Latin

Henle Latin Second Year Flashcards $15.95 Henle Latin Third Year Flashcards $15.95

Mueller's Caesar: Selections from De Bello Gallico

by Hans-Friedrich Mueller Grades 10+

$79.75 set (text, teacher, lesson plans) Text $44.00 | Teacher $24.00 Lesson Plans $15.95

MemoriaPress.com

AP Latin Vergil's Aeneid: Selected Readings from Books 1, 2, 4, and 6

Excelability in Advanced Latin

by Barbara Weiden Boyd

Teacher $30.00

Student $44.00 Teacher $24.00 This course covers all lines of Vergil on the AP Latin Exam. Each page contains the Latin text, key vocabulary, and English summaries.

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by Marianthe Colakis Student $30.00 This course contains over 75 passages drawn from a variety of Latin authors, translation exercises, multiple choice tests, practice sight-reading Latin, and a comprehensive review of Latin grammar.

Caesar and Vergil AP Vocabulary Cards $19.00 All vocabulary appearing five or more times on the Vergil and Caesar sections of the AP Latin Exam.

AP Latin

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Greek

The Greek Alphabet

by Cheryl Lowe | Grades 3+

$23.34 set (student and teacher) Student $16.50 | Teacher $10.95 Master the Greek alphabet, letter by letter, before tackling First Form Greek.

Elementary Greek

by Christine Gatchell An introduction to Greek grammar for younger students.

Grades 4-8

Greek Alphabet Charts Wall Charts (left) 22" x 34" (2 charts) $13.95 | Desk Charts (right) 8.5" x 11" (2 charts) $9.50 Chart 1: the Greek alphabet Chart 2: diphthongs, accent marks, pronunciation helps, and syllable names

$72.70 Year Two set (text, workbook, CD, flashcards, tests, teacher key)

Year II Text $15.00 | Year II Workbook $16.50 Year II Tests $5.50 | Year II Teacher Key $16.50 CD $9.50 | Flashcards $13.50

$72.70 Year One set (shown right)

$60.77 Year Three set

(text, workbook, CD, flashcards, tests, teacher key)

(text, workbook, CD, flashcards, tests)

Year I Text $15.00 | Year I Workbook $16.50 Year I Tests $5.50 | Year I Teacher Key $16.50 CD $9.50 | Flashcards $13.50

Year III Text $18.95 | Year III Workbook $16.50 Year III Tests $5.50 | CD $9.50 Flashcards $13.50

First Form Greek: Introduction to Hellenistic Greek, Year 1

by Cheryl Lowe & Michael Simpson Grades 7+

$131.78 complete set (all 5 books, CD, videos, flashcards) $71.16 basic set (all 5 books + CD) Text $15.00 | Workbook $16.50 | Teacher Manual $12.95 Teacher Key $16.50 | Quizzes & Tests $5.50 CD $9.50 | Flashcards $15.95 Instructional Videos: DVDs or Streaming $55.00

First Form Greek is written for parents and teachers with or without a Greek background. Its goal is to present the grammar logically and systematically so that anyone can learn it.

· · · · ·

6 pages of exercises in the Student Workbook give you ample practice for the 31 two-page lessons of the Student Text.

Weekly, reproducible Quizzes & Tests ensure the material is being mastered.

The Pronunciation CD and Flashcards provide constant practice of grammar forms and vocabulary.

The Teacher Manual and complete Teacher Key equip both the brand new and the veteran Greek instructor with everything needed to teach, including day-by-day lesson plans, oral drills, additional notes, and an answer key for all exercises and quizzes.

Instructional Videos (DVDs or streaming) are also available, with superb 10-20 minute lessons given by Highlands Latin School teacher Elizabeth Pierce.

Second Form Greek: Introduction to Hellenistic Greek, Year 2

by Mitchell L. Holley Grades 8+

$71.16 basic set (all 5 books + CD)

Text $15.00 Workbook $16.50 Teacher Manual $12.95 Teacher Key $16.50 Quizzes & Tests $5.50 CD $9.50 Flashcards $15.95 Instructional Videos: Coming Soon!

Second Form Greek is the second year of our three-part Greek Forms Series. Continue your systematic study of Greek grammar with our clear, concise Student Text and ample practice exercises in the Student Workbook, including substantial translation exercises. Weekly Quizzes & Tests ensure retention of the material, and the Teacher Manual and Teacher Key provide lesson plans, additional notes, and a comprehensive answer key. The Pronunciation CD and Flashcards allow students to practice quick recall for mastery.

French First Start French I: Introduction to the French Language

First Start French II: Introduction to the French Language

by Danielle Schultz

by Danielle Schultz

Grades 5-8

Grades 5-8

$48.50 set

$48.50 set

(student, teacher, CD)

(student, teacher, CD)

Student $19.50

Student $19.50

Teacher $19.50

Teacher $19.50

CD $9.50

CD $9.50

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Greek & French

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The Mind of a

by Dr. D. T. Sheffler

Gentleman

In

his book The Idea of a University, John Henry Newman argues that the goal of education in a university should be the cultivation of a "liberal" type of mind. In Latin, liber means a "free man" as opposed to a slave, and the education appropriate for such a man is an education in the "liberal arts." In this way, students might be lured away from the servile and toward the gentlemanly.

Newman uses the term "gentleman" in the way it was commonly used in his time: to refer to the free man who uses his freedom wisely by becoming a man of broad culture, taste, and learning.

An educated gentleman should live with a confident bearing toward the world. He should be able to look upon the variety of human life and the vastness of the cosmos with an eye that takes it all in. He may not be an expert, but he knows how to think about any of the things he sees, and more importantly, he knows how to think about them all together as a unified whole.

The servile man, by contrast, sits with hunched shoulders and head down, toiling at his one assigned task. Being a slave to a particular kind of work, he Dr. D. T. Sheffler is a professor of philosophy with Memoria College and has taught philosophy, logic, Latin, and history at the University of Kentucky, Georgetown College, and Asbury College.

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The Mind of a Gentleman

will naturally become knowledgeable about one very specific subject. He knows exactly how to stack Widget A on top of Widget B, and he can tell you anything you want to know about these two specific widgets—but no more. He does not share the gentleman's flexibility and liberality of mind, capable of approaching the whole of life with intelligence and dignity.

Newman specifies the ultimate aim of such cultivation thus: Our desideratum [desired thing] is, not the manners and habits of gentlemen … but the force, the steadiness, the comprehensiveness and the versatility of intellect, the command over our own powers, the instinctive just estimate of things as they pass before us, which sometimes indeed is a natural gift, but commonly is not gained without much effort and the exercise of years.

Newman does not conceive of this as a simple ability exercised in discrete mental acts but rather as a broad "habit of mind," an attitude toward reality that colors all one's thoughts, words, and actions: "A habit of mind is formed which lasts through life, of which the attributes are freedom, equitableness, calmness, moderation, and wisdom …."

If only we could reliably expect such a habit of mind to come out of our universities today.

The distinction between the gentleman and the servile man is not at all a class distinction.

MemoriaPress.com

There are many who go to work in suit and tie who think in exactly the cramped mode that Newman describes. The kind of person who only ever evaluates knowledge in terms of its use to his specific widgets— whether they be paper or spreadsheets, and whether the widget factory be a tiny cubicle or a corner office.

Conversely, there are blue-collar workers who have cultivated their whole soul beyond their work through wide reading and deep reflection.

How then do we cultivate this kind of soul in our students? The goal of the ideal university graduate may seem rather daunting and remote to the homeschooling parent preparing to teach geography to an eight-year-old, but rest assured that teaching geography is exactly what we should be doing.

Newman argues that the gentleman's habit of mind develops over long study in all those disciplines that teach a knowledge of the world. That eight-yearold may not go on to be an airline pilot, but when someone mentions the Danube, he will have a picture in his mind of a more-or-less definite line on a map.

Possessing this general picture of maps and places, he will enjoy a certain confidence as he moves through life: the confidence of the man who knows where he is.

As this student continues to learn not just geography but math, science, history, and literature, his mental map will hold not just cities and rivers but trees and 1-502-966-9115

weather systems, peoples and poems, fictional heroes and historical scoundrels. Educated in the classical manner, he will be able to situate all these little pieces into the whole of his learning, locating them somewhere on the map and locating himself in their midst. He will have a comfortable familiarity with them and an ease in handling new pieces that are similar to the ones he already knows. He will not panic when he cannot place them immediately because long experience has taught him that all the truths that are really true will ultimately fit together into a single map.

By contrast, many contemporary experts would have our student educated with a view toward efficiently learning the narrow skills that he will "actually use someday." A man educated like this would know how to use the more recondite features of Excel, but he probably would not know what "recondite" means, and he certainly would not know where he is in the world.

Newman calls the integrated vision of reality a "philosophical habit of mind," which is a little different than what you would get by reading Sartre in a college philosophy class. What Newman means by philosophy is a science that is distinct from all the other specific sciences and is "in some sense a science of sciences," that is, a discipline of mind that stands back from the details and reflects upon their meaning as they relate to one another and to the totality of reality. Philosophy is the science that pulls all the local maps together and draws up a single—hopefully coherent and accurate—map of the whole.

Naturally, this map of the whole will not be finished all at once by the eight-year-old; he will draw it bit by bit throughout the entirety of his life.

He will make adjustments as he goes, and at crises or conversion moments of his life he may need to erase and redraw whole continents. But he will not have anything to put on the map if he does not begin by learning that the sources of the Rhine and the Danube are quite close to each other, that King David lived long before the Peloponnesian War, and that moths are different from butterflies.

As he deepens and matures, familiarity with the process of drawing and redrawing details on his map will inculcate in our student the desired disposition of mind. He will sit at a dinner party and know how to say something intelligent about subjects other than himself. He will read an article and know how to have opinions other than those handed to him. He will take his family to an art museum and know how to interact with the art through means other than his phone. He will face a difficult moral decision and know how to think in terms other than those of his passions. In short, he will have the mind of a gentleman.

The Mind of a Gentleman

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Composition Bible Heroes: Writing Lessons in Structure and Style

All Things Fun & Fascinating: Writing Lessons in Structure & Style

Grades 1-2

Grades 3-5 | $35.00

$35.00

Humorous characters and fascinating creatures will help young students enjoy learning to take notes, summarize narrative stories, write from pictures, and compose creative essays. Teacher's Manual eBook is included.

Get to know the heroes of the Bible while working through writing exercises that include key word outlining, paraphrasing, and summarizing stories. Teacher's Manual eBook is included.

Introduction to Composition

This introductory program focuses on narration, outlining, dictation, and copywork to help students become more proficient in listening and writing skills, a great preparation for Classical Composition. This yearlong writing course uses focus passages from Charlotte's Web, Farmer Boy, A Bear Called Paddington, Mr. Popper's Penguins, and The Moffats.

Grades 3-4 Student $10.95 Key $10.95

Classical Composition

by James A. Selby | Grades 4-12

$96.22 set ea. (student, teacher, videos) Student $21.95 ea. | Teacher $29.95 ea.

Instructional Videos: DVDs or Streaming $55.00 ea. (available for I-VIII) Classical Composition is our study in the progymnasmata ("the before exercises"), a combination writing and pre-rhetoric program that teaches students the fundamental writing skills of style, arrangement, and invention in clear and systematic lessons. The nine stages of Classical Composition will not only teach the art of communication, but are designed to produce what Quintilian once called "the good man, speaking well."

The structured lessons in the Student Guides help students become confident writers as they thoroughly master the incremental skills of each stage. The Teacher Guides provide sample answers for every exercise as well as scripted Chalk Talk. Optional Instructional Videos are also available if you'd like the support of a master teacher to help guide you and your students through the lessons.

Starting late? No problem!

Complete Fable and Narrative in one year and get a reduced package price of $138.98 for both sets of Student and Teacher Guides and videos.

Classical Composition Stages: I: II: III: IV: V: VI: VII: VIII: IX:

Fable (pictured) Narrative Chreia & Maxim Refutation & Confirmation Common Topic Encomium, Invective, & Comparison Characterization (1 semester) Description (1 semester) Thesis & Law

Grammar English Grammar Recitation I-V Grades 3-8 English Grammar Recitation $10.95 | Flashcards $13.50 Student $12.95 ea. | Teacher $13.95 ea.

English Grammar Practice Grade 2 Student $8.50 | Teacher $10.95 Designed for the final year of primary school, this program is an oral practice of many basic aspects of language arts, from capitalization and punctuation to language and reading skills.

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Writing & Grammar

Memoria Press' English Grammar Recitation is perfect for the student who needs an English grammar program that coordinates with his study of Latin.

150 grammar questions with answers and examples, designed to be studied and memorized much like a catechism, are compiled in the English Grammar Recitation reference book. These questions are learned over the course of six years in just thirty minutes a week. Students are given practice exercises in the Student Workbook and the opportunity to practice immediate recall with the Flashcards. The Teacher Guide provides answers to all exercises.

MemoriaPress.com

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Classical Education Resources

Mere Christianity

by C. S. Lewis

Climbing Parnassus: A New Apologia for Greek and Latin

by Tracy Lee Simmons

$16.99

The Great Divorce

by C. S. Lewis $16.99

by C. S. Lewis

Simply Classical:

A Beautiful Education for Any Child

by Cheryl Swope

Why Christians Should Read the Pagan Classics

by Louis Markos $26.00

by C. S. Lewis $16.99

The Great Books:

A Journey Through 2,500 Years of the West's Classic Literature

by Anthony O'Hear $22.00

The Schools We Need: And Why We Don't Have Them

by E. D. Hirsch, Jr. $17.95

Fundamentals of the Faith

by Peter Kreeft $17.95

From Achilles to Christ: Early Christian Writings

$14.99

The Abolition of Man

$12.95

$15.00

$26.00

The Screwtape Letters

Orthodoxy

by G. K. Chesterton

Why Knowledge Matters: Rescuing Our Children from Failed Educational Theories

by E. D. Hirsch, Jr. $33.00

Seven Myths About Education

by Andrew Louth and Maxwell Staniforth

by Daisy Christodoulou

$15.00

$42.95

Medieval Literacy:

A Compendium of Medieval Knowledge with the Guidance of C. S. Lewis

by James Grote

The Well-Trained Mind:

A Guide to Classical Education at Home, 4th Edition

by Susan Wise Bauer & Jessie Wise $39.95

$29.95

A Preface to Paradise Lost

by C. S. Lewis $39.99

The Great Tradition:

Classic Readings on What It Means to Be an Educated Human Being edited by Richard M. Gamble

Why Freshmen Fail and how to avoid it!

by Carol Reynolds, Ph.D. $21.95

The Well-Educated Mind: A Guide to the Classical Education You Never Had

by Susan Wise Bauer $35.00

$20.00

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Classical Education Resources

MemoriaPress.com

Martin Cothran

Shane Saxon

Tanya Charlton

Michelle Tefertiller

Jim Duncan

Kathy Becker

Thomas Jay

Micah Moore

Cheryl Swope

Teacher Training & School Consultation

Memoria Press' training team has worked with schools all over the country to assist teachers and staff in understanding the vision of classical education and to better implement a coherent and rigorous classical curriculum. Our staff is also available to address your parents and your community t o a n s we r q u e s t i o n s about classical education.

Contact us:

schools@memoriapress.com (502) 855-4824

Cheryl’s Corner Chesterton once said that the Greeks and Romans were the biggest thing the world had ever seen, that Christianity was bigger, and that everything since has been relatively small. If our students learn through their classical education the profound truth of this statement, I will be pleased that we have succeeded in giving them wisdom to last a lifetime.

American/Modern 1-502-966-9115

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Heading Goes Here Logic

MemoriaPress.com

Logic & Rhetoric Traditional Logic I and II cover the branch of logic called "formal logic," which is concerned with the form and structure of reasoning. It focuses on the procedural aspect of reasoning, its mechanics, how we properly get from two premises or assumptions to a conclusion. The program is designed to teach students a practical mastery of the art of argument.

Traditional Logic I presents the four kinds of logical statements, the four ways propositions can be opposed, the three ways which they can be equivalent, and the seven rules for the validity of syllogisms.

In Traditional Logic II students will master the use of the nineteen valid categorical argument forms through the memorization of a medieval mnemonic device, and learn the three kinds of hypothetical arguments. Students will study examples of arguments from history and literature.

Traditional Logic I: Introduction to Formal Logic & Traditional Logic II: Advanced Formal Logic

The Texts explain challenging concepts in clear, concise language.

The accompanying Student Workbooks include enough exercises to ensure that the student masters the material before moving on. The Teacher Keys include answers to the workbooks, quizzes, and tests. Instructional Videos are also available if you would like a little help from the author teaching the material.

by Martin Cothran | Grades 7+

$77.97 complete set ea. (text, workbook, key, quizzes, videos) $41.46 basic set ea. (text, workbook, key, quizzes) Text $15.00 ea. | Workbook $17.50 ea. | Key $10.95 ea.

Videos $55.00 ea. | Quizzes $5.50 ea.

Material Logic: A Course in How to Think

Classical Rhetoric:

by Martin Cothran | Grades 9+

Aristotle's Principles of Persuasion

$93.56 complete set

by Martin Cothran | Grades 9+

(text, workbook, key, quizzes, videos)

$145.03 complete set

$44.06 basic set (text, workbook, key, quizzes)

(basic set + How to Read a Book & Figures of Speech)

$94.94 basic set

Text $15.00 | Workbook $17.50 Key $10.95 | Quizzes & Test $5.50 Videos $55.00

(student, key, DVDs, Aristotle's Rhetoric)

Material Logic is a course in how to think. It covers the branch of logic called "informal logic" that deals with the content of argumentation. It can be used as a follow-up to Traditional Logic or simply as an introduction to the rudiments of classical philosophy for high school students. The program covers the ten ways something can exist, the fives ways of saying something about something else, definition, and division.

Student $39.95 | Key $4.95 DVDs $55.00 | Aristotle's Rhetoric $5.00 How to Read a Book $18.00 Figures of Speech $44.95 Classical Rhetoric is a guided tour through the first part of the single greatest book on communication ever written: Aristotle's Rhetoric.

This course involves a study of the fundamental principles of political philosophy, ethics, and traditional psychology. Your student will not only learn the basics of political speech, but also the elements of good character, the seven reasons people act, and what elicits specific emotions under particular circumstances and why.

Logic Supplements

Rhetoric Supplements

Handbook of Christian Apologetics: Hundreds of Answers to Crucial Questions

by Peter Kreeft & Ronald K. Tacelli $30.00 (optional supplement)

Socrates Meets Jesus: History's Greatest Questioner Confronts the Claims of Christ

by Peter Kreeft $20.00 (optional supplement)

1-502-966-9115

Aristotle's Rhetoric

How to Read a Book: The Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading

Figures of Speech: 60 Ways to Turn a Phrase

$5.00

by Mortimer Adler & Charles Van Doren

by Arthur Quinn

(REQUIRED supplement)

$18.00

(optional supplement)

translated by W. Rhys Roberts

$44.95

(optional supplement)

Logic & Rhetoric

39

G R E E K S

THE THREE

O

ne way to think about Western civilization is to think of it as consisting of three cultures: those of Athens, Rome, and Jerusalem. It is, in fact, these three cultures, historically tied together and intimately linked, that we refer to when we use the expression "Western civilization." It is this civilization we purport to be passing on in classical Christian education.

These three cultures became so integrated over the course of the last two millennia that they have become hard to distinguish from one another. These three harmonic cultural voices speak to us out of the past and are sometimes hard to disentangle. But we can draw some basic distinctions.

Greek culture was artistic, literary, and philosophical. The Greeks invented representative art, drama, and philosophy as we know it today. The Romans, being less theoretical and more practical, were noted more for their contributions to ordered government, roads, and architecture. The culture of the Hebrews was noted for its posture toward a personal, transcendent God. It was to the Hebrews that God directly revealed Himself, and it was the Hebrews, His own people, with whom He dealt—individually and as a nation.

It was these three cultures which, in the first five centuries after Christ, were taken by the Church Fathers and transformed into a greater thing than the combined parts: Western civilization, which was handed down over the last two thousand years by what we know today as classical Christian education.

THE GREEKS

The two great values of the Greeks were strength and intelligence, as articulated in their literary tradition. The value of strength is illustrated in the first of Homer's great works, the Iliad. It is the story of a warrior, Achilles, who values martial strength and personal honor (which is the individual reputation of strength) over all else. It is about his ability to defeat the Trojans in battle, his angry retirement from the conflict when his honor has been challenged, and his return to the battle where, as we know from other accounts, he is killed because of his one weakness. The value of intelligence is personified in the protagonist of Homer's other great work, the Odyssey. Unlike Achilles, who succeeds due to his physical strength and the strength of his character, Odysseus succeeds through his intelligence. He is "Odysseus of many wiles."

He does not rely on physical strength to defeat his enemies, but rather relies on his intelligence. He outsmarts his foes.

As time went on, the earlier martial culture of the Greeks gave way to the great intellectual culture that grew out of Athens. This transformation is illustrated in Sophocles' play Ajax, when a meeting of the generals is held after the death of Achilles: They must decide who will receive the armor of their now dead champion. The two nominees are Ajax, the next strongest warrior after Achilles, and Odysseus, known for his subtlety and quickness of mind.

The scene represents a symbolic decision point for the Greeks. Will they remain primarily a martial culture, or become known instead for their intellects?

The award is given to Odysseus. And, though the Greeks retained their reputation as great warriors, they did so in large part on account of the strategic and tactical abilities of their great generals—Leonidas, Themistocles, Pyrrhus, Lysander, and, of course, Alexander the Great. They also conquered Martin Cothran is the editor of The Classical Teacher and author of Traditional Logic Books I & II, Material Logic, and Classical Rhetoric.

40

MemoriaPress.com

CULTURES

by Martin Cothran

their foes through military innovations that gave them an advantage over their enemies, such as the phalanx, in which hoplite soldiers stood with their shields locked together and their spears projecting outward toward the onrushing enemy, and the trireme, a ship that gave them greater mobility against their naval enemies.

Alexander embodied in many ways the aspirations of the Greeks. He was a military mastermind who repeatedly crushed armies much larger than his own, he eventually conquered most of the known world, and, although not properly a Greek (he was Macedonian), he was deeply learned in Greek education, having as his tutor none other than Aristotle himself. According to legend, Alexander brought along on his campaigns his copy of Homer, out of which he had memorized long passages, and which he is said to have kept under his pillow while he slept. His campaigns were not just military, but cultural. He brought Greek culture with him like a missionary, and, in the end, it was not the Greek military that conquered the world, but the Greek culture itself, which remained long after he left.

And what is this culture? It is the culture of intellectual curiosity. "Up and down the coast of Asia Minor," said Edith Hamilton, "St. Paul was mobbed and imprisoned and beaten." But only in Athens, she points out, did they listen: "They brought him unto the Areopagus, saying, 'May we know what this new teaching is?'"

There was great art and architecture before the Greeks, but they were the first to attempt to discover and portray the ideal of man. Their literature and their philosophy, however, seem to have come out of nowhere. "With them," said Hamilton, "something completely new came into the world." In a matter of two or three generations Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides were writing tragic dramas—and Aristophanes his comedies—that remain unsurpassed even today. And then there was Socrates, who, unlike anyone before him, came asking questions about the True, the Good, and the Beautiful. He interrogated his friends on every issue imaginable—justice, truth, happiness, moral obligation, music, friendship—using his dialectical technique of discussion. His thoughts were written down by his student, Plato, and studied by Plato's student, Aristotle.

And all of this was done through the use of Greek, a language of unique richness and subtlety, which made the articulation of these ideas understandable and compelling.

THE ROMANS The twin values of the Romans were order and piety. The Romans ruled the world for more than a thousand years—longer, if we count the eastern Roman Empire—because of their unsurpassed ability to order both their civilization and their selves (piety is the order of the soul). The savage Roman temperament, which can be seen in Romulus, their first king, is seen no more clearly than in their extravagant and bloodthirsty games and pageants.

Such a violent and energetic race of people could not survive without some external means of control, some way to channel their enormous energy into productive purpose. And so they developed the extrinsic cultural means by which they should govern themselves.

The Romans succeeded because they were more organized than the civilizations around them, and this organizational ability was nowhere more evident than in the device by which they organized themselves: "Rome's 1-502-966-9115

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monumental achievement," said Hamilton, "never effaced from the world, was law." Law, a thing we take for granted in our still vaguely Roman world, was made supreme, and was taken, as Alexander took Homer, to the rest of the world.

"The little town on the seven hills conquered the other little towns around her," said Hamilton, "because her citizens could obey orders." Their ability to militarily conquer and then to maintain a huge empire for so long a time is a testament to their organizational abilities. Their thirst for order extended to everything around them. They built roads and aqueducts that are still being used today. To look upon the Colosseum is to behold the essence of Roman power and order in stone.

This external order was reflected by the inner order of the soul. The Aeneid, the great work of Virgil (the Roman Homer) is the story of Aeneas, the Trojan prince who flees the burning city of Troy with his father on his back and his family in tow. He exemplifies the Roman virtue of piety (the order of the soul) through his devotion to family and practical, everyday ethics.

The Roman language itself betrayed the Roman character. It was the language of order. R. W. Livingstone has said it better than anyone: The best revelation of the Greek genius is the Greek language, fine, subtle, analytic, capable of feeling and expressing the most delicate minutiae of thought, never hard, and yet not flabby, the most malleable of tongues and equally capable in the hands of a master like Plato, of wit, dialectic, pathos, satire, poetry or eloquence. And can we really understand the spirit of Rome without knowing the march of the Latin sentence, serried, steady, stately, massive, the heavy beat of its long syllables and predominant consonants reflecting the robust, determined, efficient temper of the nation, as different from Greek as a Roman road from a breaking wave.

THE HEBREWS There was Athens, Rome—and then there was Jerusalem. The Hebrews, too, could be said to have had two values: faith and obedience. Unique among the ancient tribes of the world, the Hebrews believed in one transcendent God, and their entire culture was centered on His worship. There was the one holy God, who had revealed Himself specially and specifically to the Hebrews, whom He called His people.

The entire history of the Hebrews consisted of this one single, supreme, transcendent Deity and His dealings with individuals and with nations, especially the nation of Israel. While the Greeks had Achilles and Odysseus, and the Romans' Aeneas, the greatest of the Jewish heroes was Abraham, a hero not of warfare nor of the mind, but a hero of faith.

By the time of Christ these three cultures had begun to converge.

Alexander had conquered the known world and Rome had expanded it.

In the centuries after the death of Christ, Church Fathers in the East and the West worked through the relationship between the direct revelation of God—the Old Testament Scriptures and Jesus' teachings—and the great truths of the natural order that were discovered by the Greeks and Romans through God's general revelation. They melded these together into what we now call Western civilization.

All three of these civilizations saw their beliefs as universal, applying to all men everywhere, but by the fifth century in the West the Christian Roman Empire had become universal in fact. And so it remains, even in our modern world where, despite ever-present attempts to change them, all Western nations still share the central assumptions of the three cultures.

It is only through the work of centuries of faithful educators that we today benefit from this great tradition. And it is only through our own ongoing commitment to continue this work that it will survive.

42

The Three Cultures

H E B R E W S

MemoriaPress.com

Geography States and Capitals $37.67 set (text, student, teacher, flashcards)

Grades 3-6 Text $7.99 Student $13.95 Teacher $13.95 Flashcards $5.95 By the end of this course students will be able to map all 50 states and capitals. We recommend that this guide be used with Don't Know Much About the 50 States.

Geography I: The Middle East, North Africa, & Europe Grades 4+

Geography I Text $16.95 | Geography I Student $14.95

Geography II: Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, Oceania, & the Americas

Geography I Teacher $15.95 | U.S. Review Student $5.50

Grades 5+

U.S. Review Teacher $8.50 | Geography Flashcards $20.95

$55.68 set

A unique geography program designed for students pursuing a classical Christian education, this course covers the area that constituted the ancient Roman Empire and the geography relevant to the Bible. Each region is explored in its historical context, providing interesting and thought-provoking facts, but the main goal of this course is for students to learn to map the countries and their capitals.

(text, student, teacher +

$74.54 set (text, student, teacher, and flashcards + U.S. Review student and teacher)

Geography I Review student & teacher)

Geography II Text $16.95 Geography II Student $14.95 Geography II Teacher $15.95 Geography I Review Student $5.50 Geography I Review Teacher $8.50

Students continue to deepen their understanding of past and present as they learn to map the rest of the countries and capitals not covered in Geography I. At the end of this course, students will have mapped the entire world.

Geography III: Exploring & Mapping the World Grades 7+

$82.23 set (text, student, teacher, classroom atlas, flashcards*)

Text $18.50 | Student $19.95 Teacher $19.95 | Atlas $12.00 *Geography Flashcards $20.95 *same as flashcards in Geography I set

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This more advanced geography course solidifies the mapping skills learned in Geography I-II but adds a study of the landforms, topography, famous landmarks, climate, culture, and religion of each continent. This is a perfect prelude to high school history.

Practice Map Pad: United States notepad of 50 two-sided sheets (11" x 17") | $10.95

Geography

43

American/Modern Studies American History Outline Grades 5-8

NEW

Student $8.50 | Teacher $5.50

The Story of the Thirteen Colonies & the Great Republic

This is a valuable tool for helping students learn to study well. Use this in conjunction with The Story of the Thirteen Colonies & the Great Republic and The Story of the World, Vol. 4 to teach students how to recognize, organize, and retain key pieces of information from what they read.

200 Questions About American History

$53.58 set (text, student, teacher) Grades 5-8

Grades 5-8

Text $18.50 | Student $18.95 | Teacher $18.95 We have combined Guerber's The Story of the Thirteen Colonies and The Story of the Great Republic into one edited volume that makes for a perfect one-year survey of American history in the middle school years. The guide includes important facts, vocabulary, and comprehension questions, as well as enrichment activities such as mapwork, drawings, research, writing assignments, and more!

Student $10.95 | Teacher $5.50 Flashcards $13.50 Compiled from The Story of the Thirteen Colonies & the Great Republic and The Story of the World, Vol. 4. The Flashcards are based on our study guide, but can be used with any good American history course.

A Concise History of the American Republic Year I: $238.34 set (text, student, teacher) | Year II: $35.90 set (student, teacher) Grades 9+ Text $214.99 (used for Year I and Year II) Year I Student $17.95 | Year I Teacher $17.95 | Year II Student $17.95 | Year II Teacher $17.95 This two-year course is designed to give students a good understanding of the period of history from pre-1615 life in North America to the post-Civil War Reconstruction years (Year One) and the period between the end of Reconstruction to the Reagan years (Year Two). Our guides provide reading notes for each chapter, as well as comprehension questions that help students focus on the most important information from each chapter.

A History of Europe in the Modern World: Volume I (to 1815) & Volume II (since 1815) $44.47 guide set (student, teacher, quizzes & tests) Grades 10+ Student $20.95 | Teacher $22.95 Quizzes & Tests $5.50 Vol. 1I & Vol. II Text $150.00 ea.

This course covers the political, societal, and religious upheavals, particularly in Western Europe, that have shaped and reshaped the continent in the last seven hundred years. Students will study events leading to the rise of Europe through the formation of contemporary Europe, including the French Revolution, Napoleonic Europe, World War I & II, and the Cold War. The texts include helpful maps, timelines, and illustrations. The Student Guide requires students to note Key Terms, Key Figures, Key Dates, and Key Structures, in addition to comprehension questions, short essay questions, and timeline and map activities. The Teacher Manual has answers to the Student Guide plus background information for the teacher, and an overview, summary, and conclusion for each lesson, focusing on the material students need to master.

44

American/Modern

A History of Medieval Europe: From Constantine to Saint Louis $104.73 set (text, student, teacher, quizzes & tests) Grades 10+ Text $66.95 | Student $20.95 | Teacher $22.95 Quizzes & Tests $5.50 This course covers the tumultuous transformation of Europe in the Dark Ages and the High Middle Ages, from the barbarian invasions and the conversion of Constantine to the Crusades and the rise of feudalism. The study guide helps the student pull out key terms, figures, and events, and provides comprehension and short answer essay questions.

MemoriaPress.com

Stories of Great Americans for Little Americans

by Edward Eggleston Grades 1-3 | $13.95

Supplemental Reading for American Studies Sets (third grade shown)

Third Grade $139.73 set | Fourth Grade $81.90 set Fifth Grade $64.88 set | Sixth Grade $58.90 set

American/Modern Studies 1-502-966-9115

Discussion Questions for American Studies Supplemental Sets Third Grade $13.95 Fourth Grade $13.95 Fifth Grade $13.95

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Alphabet Books; Alphabet Flashcards; Alphabet Coloring Book (p. 72); My Very Own Scissors Book (p. 71); Manuscript Charts (p. 79)

K

1st

2nd

Kindergarten Phonics Supplemental Workbook; Classical Phonics; First Start Reading A-D; 100 Days of Summer Reading I; Phonics Flashcards (p. 74); Animal Alphabet Coloring Book; American Language Readers; Nature Reader K

Traditional Spelling I (p. 75); StoryTime and More StoryTime Treasures Literature Sets (p. 80); 100 Days of Summer Reading II; First Start Reading Book E (p. 74)

Traditional Spelling II (p. 75); 100 Days of Summer Reading III (p. 74); Second Grade Literature Set (p. 80)

Latin & Greek

Literature, Phonics, & Spelling

Jr. K

Prayers for Children; Big Thoughts for Little People

The Story Bible; Christian Studies Enrichment (p. 51)

The Story Bible; Christian Studies Enrichment (p. 51)

The Story Bible; Christian Studies Enrichment (p. 51)

Counting With Numbers; Numbers Coloring Book; Numbers & Colors (p. 72)

Numbers Books; Memoria Math Challenge A; Rod & Staff Arithmetic 1, Part 1 (pp. 72-73)

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 1, Part 2; Rod & Staff Arithmetic 2, Unit 1; Memoria Math Challenge B (p. 73)

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 2, Units 2-4; Memoria Math Challenge C (p. 73)

The Alphabet Books and Numbers & Colors are used for Penmanship practice.

Copybook I; Composition & Sketchbook I (p. 79)

Book of Crafts, Jr. K (p. 70); Richard Scarry's Mother Goose; Hailstones and Halibut Bones

Kindergarten Art Cards (p. 67); Kindergarten Enrichment; Book of Crafts, K; Music Enrichment (p. 70); Animals, Animals; A Child's Book of Poems

Copybook II; Composition & Sketchbook II; New American Cursive 1; Penmanship Tablet; Alphabet Wall Poster; Cursive Practice Sheets; Summer Cursive (pp. 78-79)

First Grade Art Cards (p. 67); First Grade Enrichment; First Grade Book of Crafts; Music Enrichment (p. 70); Animals, Animals; A Child's Book of Poems

American/ Modern

Grammar & Logic

Science & Enrichment

Penmanship & Writing

Math

Classical & Christian

Prima Latina (p. 22)

New American Cursive 2 (p. 78); Copybook Cursive I; Composition & Sketchbook II (p. 79); Prima Latina Copybook (p. 26); Penmanship Tablet

Second Grade Enrichment; Second Grade Book of Crafts; Music Enrichment (p. 70); Second Grade Art Cards (p. 67); Patterns of Nature; Animals, Animals; A Child's Book of Poems

English Grammar Practice (p. 34); Core Skills Language Arts 2

Kindergarten Enrichment is used for American/Modern Studies.

First Grade Enrichment is used for American/Modern Studies.

Stories of Great Americans for Little Americans (p. 45)

3rd

4th

5th

6th

Traditional Spelling III (p. 75); Third Grade Literature Set (p. 81); Poetry for the Grammar Stage (p. 88)

Spelling Workout E; Fourth Grade Literature Set (p. 81); Poetry for the Grammar Stage (p. 88)

Spelling Workout F; Fifth Grade Literature Set (p. 82); Poetry for the Grammar Stage (p. 88)

Spelling Workout G; Sixth Grade Literature Set (p. 82); Poetry for the Grammar Stage (p. 88)

Second Form Latin (p. 25)

Latina Christiana; Latina Christiana Review Worksheets (p. 22)

First Form Latin (p. 25); Lingua Angelica I (p. 27)

D'Aulaires' Book of Greek Myths (p. 54); Timeline Program (p. 57); Golden Children's Bible; Christian Studies I (p. 51)

Famous Men of Rome (p. 54); Golden Children's Bible; Christian Studies II (p. 51)

Famous Men of the Middle Ages (p. 54); Golden Children's Bible; Christian Studies III (p. 51)

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 3 (p. 73)

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 4 (p. 73)

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 5 (p. 73)

Rod & Staff Mathematics 6 (p. 73)

All Things Fun & Fascinating (p. 34); New American Cursive 3 (p. 78)

Classical Composition: Fable (p. 34); Copybook Cursive II (p. 79)

Classical Composition: Narrative (p. 34); Copybook Cursive III (p. 79)

Classical Composition: Chreia & Maxim (p. 34); Copybook Cursive IV (p. 79)

Mammals (p. 65)

Book of Astronomy (p. 65)

Book of Insects (p. 65)

Book of Birds (p. 65); Exploring the History of Medicine (p. 63)

English Grammar Recitation II (p. 34); Core Skills Language Arts 5

English Grammar Recitation III (p. 34); Core Skills Language Arts 6

Geography I & United States Review (p. 43)

Geography II & Geography I Review (p. 43)

Core Skills Language Arts 3

English Grammar Recitation I (p. 34)

States and Capitals (p. 43)

Core Skills Language Arts 4

7th

8th

9th

10th

Spelling Workout H; Seventh Grade Literature Set (p. 83); Poetry for the Grammar Stage (p. 88)

Eighth Grade Literature Set (p. 83); Poetry & Short Stories (p. 88)

Ninth Grade Literature Set (p. 84); The British Tradition I (p. 88); Book of the Middle Ages (p. 57)

Tenth Grade Literature Set (p. 84); The British Tradition II (p. 88)

Fourth Form Latin (p. 25); Henle I (p. 28); First Form Greek (p. 31) (optional)

Famous Men of Greece (p. 54); Horatius at the Bridge (p. 59); Christian Studies IV (p. 51)

Henle Latin II (p. 28); Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage (p. 27); Second Form Greek (p. 31) (optional)

Mueller's Caesar (De Bello Gallico) (p. 28)

Book of the Ancient World & Ancient Greeks (p. 56); Iliad & Odyssey (p. 58)

Book of the Ancient Romans (p. 56); Aeneid (p. 58); Story of Christianity (p. 50)

Greek Tragedies (p. 59); History of the Early Church (p. 51)

Prealgebra (p. 73)

VideoText Algebra, Year One (p. 73)

VideoText Algebra, Year Two (p. 73)

VideoText Geometry (p. 73)

Classical Composition: Refutation & Confirmation (p. 34)

Classical Composition: Common Topic (p. 34)

Classical Composition: Encomium, Invective, & Comparison (p. 34)

Classical Composition: Characterization and Description (p. 34)

Book of Trees (p. 65); Exploring the World of Biology (p. 63)

Physical Science (p. 63)

Modern Biology (p. 63)

Chemistry (p. 63)

English Grammar Recitation IV (p. 34); Core Skills Language Arts 7

English Grammar Recitation V (p. 34); Core Skills Language Arts 8

Traditional Logic I & II (p. 39)

Material Logic (p. 39)

200 Questions About American History; 13 Colonies (p. 44); Story of the World, Vol. 4

Geography III (p. 43)

Renaissance & Reformation Times (p. 57)

A History of Medieval Europe (p. 44)

$5 off any order: Use coupon code 5OFFCT22SUM!

Third Form Latin (p. 25); Greek Alphabet (p. 30)

48

PROJECTED SEQUENCE FOR 11TH AND 12TH GRADES

12th

The Divine Comedy (p. 59) Twelfth Grade Literature Set (p. 84); The British Tradition III (p. 88)

Available by email or phone to be your cheerleader, your advisor, your prayer warrior, and whatever else you need to be successful this school year.

CONTACT HER TODAY AT:

Henle Latin III (p. 28)

AP Vergil (p. 29)

The Republic and the Laws & On Obligations (p. 59); City of God (p. 51)

Christian Apologetics and Introduction to Philosophy

Precalculus

Calculus

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Math

Classical & Christian

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Latin & Greek

Literature, Phonics, & Spelling

11th

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Classical Composition: Thesis & Law (p. 34)

MP Physics (p. 63)

Grammar, Logic, & Rhetoric

Science & Enrichment

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Anatomy (uses Modern Biology text)

Connect with other MP families in your own backyard!

Modern Studies

Classical Rhetoric (p. 39)

A History of Europe in the Modern World, Volumes 1 & 2 (p. 44)

A Concise History of the American Republic (p. 44)

MemoriaPress.com/mp-communities

Upper School Christian Studies The Story of Christianity

by David Bentley Hart

Acts of the Apostles: King James Version

Grades 8+

Grades 8+

Text $16.99 Student $18.95 Teacher $18.95

Text $11.00

Hart gives a scholarly but readable portrait of the rich history of the Christian Church, covering 2,000 years of persecution, belief, discord, and faith. Our study guide walks you through Hart's text with additional background and contextual information, comprehension questions, and discussion questions that tie the history to scriptural passages and explore modern-day issues of faith and belief.

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Christian Studies

The Wars of the Jews: The Fall of Jerusalem

by Josephus | Grades 9+ Text $11.00

Student $17.50

Student $17.50

Teacher $18.95

Teacher $19.95

The Acts of the Apostles tells the exciting story of the travels, the teachings, and—in many cases—the martyrdoms of the apostles as they take the message of Jesus Christ from Jerusalem to the ends of the earth in the years immediately following Christ's life, death, and resurrection. This unit study will acquaint students with Christianity's infant stage.

"There will not be left a stone upon a stone." Our children may know of Christ's prophecy, but do they learn about its fulfillment? Josephus is regarded as the most trustworthy source on the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 A.D. This follow-up to a study of Scripture is an introduction to the history of Christianity.

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Christian Studies Christian Studies I-III Grades 3-6 Christian Studies I: All Major Bible Stories up to the Entry into Canaan Christian Studies II: The Rise and Fall of Israel and the Period of the Prophets Christian Studies III: All Major New Testament Stories

$168.83 set (Christian Studies I-III student & teacher, Golden Children's Bible, New Testament, Old Testament, and Memory Verse Flashcards)

Student $18.95 ea. | Teacher $21.95 ea. | Golden Children's Bible $19.99 Memory Verse Flashcards $16.95 | Old Testament Flashcards $13.95 | New Testament Flashcards $13.95 Biblical literacy is just as important as cultural, moral, and functional literacy, and the material we use to teach children their faith should be just as rigorous and demanding as any other important subject.

Our Christian Studies series is a systematic study of the major events and characters in Salvation History, using The Golden Children's Bible. Students work through a Bible timeline from Creation to Christ, memorize Bible geography, the books of the Bible, people and events in order, and discuss vocabulary and basic theological concepts common to all Christian faith traditions. At the end of this course your student will be thoroughly grounded in the knowledge necessary for advanced Christian studies.

Each lesson in the Student Guide includes facts to know, a memory verse, comprehension questions, and geography and timeline activities. The Teacher Manual contains thorough answers and additional insights and background information for each lesson, as well as unit tests.

The Story Bible & Christian Studies Enrichment

The Golden Children's Bible Grades 3-6

Christian Studies IV: A Chronological Overview of the Bible

Grades K-2

$19.99

Grades 6-8

The Story Bible $29.99

We chose this Bible to use with our Christian Studies I-III series for its simplified but poetically appealing King James text and beautiful illustrations.

The stories are broken into small, digestible chunks, and written on a third-sixth grade reading level.

Text $13.00

Christian Studies Enrichment $13.95 The Story Bible is written especially for children who are beginning to read. The enrichment guide helps facilitate oral discussion for each Bible lesson.

Student $18.95 Teacher $21.95 This course takes students back through the highlights of the Bible, and reviews drill questions, memory passages, and more! It can serve as a review course for Christian Studies I-III or as a survey study of the Bible. Our text gives students an overview and background information for each book of the Bible.

History of the Early Church

City of God by St. Augustine, Vernon J. Bourke ed.

Grades 9+

Grades 10+

Student $18.95

Text $19.00

Teacher $21.95

Student $18.95

The Early Church $18.00

Teacher $19.95

The History of the Church $19.00

Quizzes & Tests $5.50

Eusebius, the bishop of Caesarea, wrote the first book to recount the struggles and victories of the first followers of Christ. In this year-long course, Chadwick's The Early Church is used as the main text, and students are directed to Eusebius' The History of the Church when ancient testimony is appropriate.

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City of God, arguably Augustine's greatest book, is the source of some of Western society's greatest and most cherished beliefs. Augustine's book serves as the cultural fountainhead of all that followed, and it is unlikely that it will ever be equaled.

The Teacher Guide contains helpful chapter summaries and an answer key for the Student Guide.

Christian Studies

51

W

hen discussing the heliocentric (sun-centered) view of the universe, the brilliant astronomer Johannes Kepler wrote,

For in the sphere, which is the image of God the Creator and the Archetype of the world … there are three regions, symbols of the three persons of the Holy Trinity—the center, a symbol of the Father; the surface, of the Son; and the intermediate space, of the Holy Ghost.

In other words, he saw an analogy for the Trinity in his theory of the universe. The sun represented God the Father, the sphere of stars at the edge of the universe represented God the Son, and the space in between represented God the Holy Spirit.

Why does Kepler make such a statement in a work of science? Because it was a necessary step in developing his theory. He wanted to understand how the planets and stars moved in the heavens, but before he could go into the details, he had to provide the big picture that encapsulated his entire theory. The fact that the heavens represented the nature of their Creator gave him a guiding principle that he could then use to understand the details of how the heavens worked. As a result, he was able to come up with what we now call Kepler's Laws, which are still considered an accurate description of how the planets move in the solar system.

Where did Kepler get this guiding principle?

It wasn't from a collection of data. It wasn't from the work of a previous scientist. It was from his imagination. Kepler imagined that God would imprint His very nature into the structure of the universe, and as a result, Kepler was able to revolutionize the way astronomers understood the heavens.

If you take the time to read the great scientists of the past, you will see that their imaginations were critical to their work.

Archimedes imagined the surface of each body of water to be the surface of a sphere, because he knew the Earth was a sphere. As a result, he was able to use geometry to derive his Law of the Lever and his principle of buoyancy. Blaise Pascal imagined the atmosphere as a weight that was pushing down on all things it touched. He then described an experiment to his brother-in-law that would determine whether or not he was correct.

Because his brother-in-law performed the experiment, we now know that the atmosphere exerts pressure, and we also 52

Science and Imagination

SCIENCE AND IMAGINATION

BY DR. JAY WILE

MemoriaPress.com

have three holes, and they represent nitrogen, which know that this is true for any fluid, which led engineers is stable when it has three bonds. to develop the hydraulic lift.

The teacher told the students to try to build This inclusion of imagination is one reason I find molecules using their kits. He said that any it valuable to read the great scientific works of the molecule in which each ball had all its holes filled past. In those days, scientists weren't constrained to would represent a stable molecule, because each write their works in a dry, dispassionate style. They atom would have a stable arrangement of electrons. wrote honestly about the way they thought, often with This is, of course, an oversimplification, but poetic language and great enthusiasm. As a result, you then again, he was teaching ten-year-olds. Well, can gain insights into how they came up with their Clara started building molecules, and she built revolutionary ideas. In today's science, imagination something that not only had all the holes filled, but is still central to our ability to discover new things. also captured her imagination. She showed it to Unfortunately, because of the nature of peer review, her teacher, who took a photo of it and sent it to a funding concerns, and artificially imposed writing friend, Dr. Robert W. Zoellner, who is a chemistry formats, we rarely include the imaginative part of our professor at Humboldt State University. Dr. Zoellner thinking in our scientific papers. searched the chemical Despite the fact that it is literature but found no rarely included in the scientific reference to the molecule. literature, imagination is just As a result, he did his own as important a part of the theoretical analysis of scientific process today as it the molecule and decided was in the past. Indeed, Albert that it was, indeed, stable.

Einstein said, "Imagination Theoretically, it should is more important than be possible to make knowledge. Knowledge is the molecule. limited. Imagination encircles In the end, Dr. Zoellner the world." When we allow published a paper about what "encircles the world" Clara's molecule (and to guide us in our scientific FALL 2022 other possible molecules investigations, we end up in the same class) in the discovering new frontiers.

Journal of Computational and It's important to realize Introduction to the Liberal Arts Theoretical Chemistry. Clara that this is just as true for the Western Art & Music and her teacher, Kenneth young, budding scientist as M. Boehr, are co-authors on it is for the experienced one.

The Ancient Epic the paper. It turns out that Consider, for example, the An Introduction to Philosophy based on the energetics of story of ten-year-old Clara the molecule, it could be Lazen. In school, she was being More classes at MemoriaCollege.org used in batteries or even taught the basics of how atoms explosives. As a result, Dr. bond to make molecules.

Zoellner is trying to find In certain molecules (called someone to attempt to synthesize the molecule. "covalent" molecules), the atoms share electrons so This is an illustration of Einstein's view. they each attain a stable state. The shared electrons Any chemist would tell you that Clara's teacher make a chemical bond, and this kind of bond can be oversimplified matters for his students. In addition, represented using special molecular modeling kits.

Clara didn't really understand chemical bonds. She The kits have balls with different numbers of holes in hadn't even been taught Lewis structures or Valence them. Some of the balls in the kit, for example, have Share Electron Pair Repulsion theory, which together four holes in them. They are generally black, and are the basis of the molecular models with which she they represent carbon. When carbon has four bonds, was playing. However, her imagination was more it is stable. Other balls have two holes, and they are important than such knowledge, and it opened up a typically colored red. These balls represent oxygen, new frontier for molecular energy storage. which is stable when it has two bonds. Other balls As scientists from Johannes Kepler to Clara Lazen Dr. Jay Wile is an award-winning author of science textbooks for all demonstrate, the search for knowledge is a creative ages, including his Exploring Creation With… series, as well as a endeavor.

As such, it requires a rich imagination. professor at Memoria College.

Now Enrolling

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Science and Imagination

53

Classical Studies D'Aulaires' Greek Myths $60.69 set (text, student, teacher, flashcards) Grades 3-8 Text $19.99 | Student $18.95 Teacher $18.95 | Flashcards $13.50

Myths are everywhere in Western art and literature and are the essential background for a classical education. This is an ideal beginning book regardless of age! Each of the 30 lessons presents facts to know, vocabulary, comprehension questions, and a picture review and activities section.

Find samples and full product descriptions at MemoriaPress.com!

Famous Men of Rome $52.43 set (text, student, teacher, flashcards) Grades 4-8 Text $18.50 | eBook $14.00 Student $18.95 | Teacher $18.95 Flashcards $13.50 Meet Romans like Horatius, Caesar, and Marcus Aurelius—history's great men of action. Younger students especially will be fascinated by the abundant action and drama of the great city of Rome, its trials and tribulations, its rise and eventual fall.

Famous Men of Greece $52.43 set (text, student, teacher, flashcards) Grades 5-8 Text $18.50 | eBook $14.00 Student $18.95 | Teacher $18.95 Flashcards $13.50 Dive into the lives of the famous Greeks—history's great men of thought. Follow Heracles and Odysseus through journeys of myth, fight with Leonidas and Pericles in legendary wars, deliberate with Aristotle and Socrates. Learn of all those who contributed to the scope of Greek accomplishment that is still known today as "The Greek Miracle."

If you don't begin your classical education until middle or high school, we recommend that you start with Year 5.

Year 1

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths

Year 2

Famous Men of Rome

Year 3

Famous Men of the Middle Ages

Year 4

Famous Men of Greece, The Trojan War, and Horatius at the Bridge

Year 5

Iliad, Odyssey, and The Book of the Ancient Greeks

Year 6

The Aeneid and The Book of the Ancient Romans

Year 7

Greek Tragedies (Euripides, Sophocles, Aeschylus)

Year 8

The Divine Comedy

Famous Men of the Middle Ages

Famous Men of Modern Times

$52.43 set (text, student, teacher, flashcards)

$42.30 set (text, student, teacher)

Grades 5-8

Grades 6-8

Text $18.50 | eBook $14.00

Text $18.50 | eBook $14.00

Student $18.95 | Teacher $18.95

Student $18.95 | Teacher $18.95

Flashcards $13.50

And in the last installment of the series, join Suleiman the Magnificent, Sir Isaac Newton, Peter the Great, George Washington, Napoleon Bonaparte, and many more as they fight to lead and forge the emerging modern world.

Wind through the "dark ages" by the lights of Clovis, Charlemagne, Alfred the Great, Joan of Arc, and Gutenberg, among many others, and watch as the world transitions from the end of ancient times to the birth of the modern era.

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Classical Studies Suggested Timeline

Classical Studies

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Classical Studies Dorothy Mills' Histories Grades 6+ | $45.12 set ea. (text, student, teacher) Text $18.50 ea. | *eBook $14.00 ea. | Student $18.95 ea. | Teacher $18.95 ea. (*not available for Renaissance & Reformation) Combine with a Memoria Press Student Guide for a yearlong course. Each guide includes facts to know, vocabulary, comprehension questions, mapwork, and timelines, and the Teacher Guides provide thorough answers as well as unit tests.

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The Book of the Ancient World

The Book of the Ancient Greeks

The Book of the Ancient Romans

Let Dorothy Mills take your student on an adventure to explore the geography, culture, architecture, and most prominent peoples of Egypt, Persia, Anatolia, Israel, and more.

Mills covers not only the valuable history and culture of the ancient peoples, but she also gives students an understanding of the people and neighbors out of which Christianity sprung.

The journey continues, starting in Crete and ending in the Hellenistic Age ushered in by Alexander the Great. Your student will learn about the wars and ideas, the art and architecture, the politics and philosophy that have shaped the course of Western civilization since the Greeks laid them out for us.

Like any good Roman course, this one begins with the she-wolf who nurses in infancy the legendary founders of Rome: Romulus and Remus. The rise and fall of a monarchy, the embrace of a republic with the simultaneous dislike for kings, and finally the rise of the Roman Empire teach unforgettable principles about human nature and society.

Includes notes on the Roman culture, political system, and religion.

Classical Studies

MemoriaPress.com

Supplements Timeline Program Events from Ancient to Modern Times Grades 3-7

$45.74 set (sketchbook, handbook, wall cards, flashcards)

Timeline Composition & Sketchbook $10.95 Timeline Handbook $10.95 Timeline Wall Cards $14.95 Timeline Flashcards $13.95 Students will master a total of 60 events from Greek and Roman history, the Middle Ages, American history, and Christian studies.

Geography & Timeline Review Worksheets Grade 7 Worksheets $8.50 Key $8.50 To ensure retention and mastery we have created this cumulative review of Memoria Press' States and Capitals, Geography I & II, and Timeline Program.

M

CE

DO

North S ea

Caledonia

THRACE

A

Sea of Marmara

NIA

Hadrian's Wall

Dn El

Hibernia

in

Londinium

e

U

R.

IR

ASIA MINOR

S

R

A

ne

IA

IL

DACIA LY

RIA

gr

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Babylon Pe

Gulf of Aqaba

PARTHIA

rs

Gulf of Suez

ARABIA

ia n G ul

E G Y P TN

R.

Jerusalem PALESTINE Alexandria

f

500 Miles

is

M

r a IA te sR

R.

500 Kilometers

S ea

250

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0

Damascus

R ed

250

0

Roman Empire

S Y R I A uph Tyre

Cyrene

LIBYA

SAHARA DESERT

Mediterranean Sea

PO TA

Antioch CYPRUS

RHODES

Cnossos

Mt. Ida

Ti

M

ES O

CRETE

100 kilometers

CRETE

GALATIA

E

Sea of Crete

100 miles

.

Sea

US

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Ancient Greece

s Mt ns

ARMENIA

Sardis Miletus

Mare Nostru m

THERA CYTHERA

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0 0

ASIA MINOR

GRAECIA

Carthage

NUMIDIA

MAURITANIA

casu

ian

EPIR

SICILY

Cau

tinople

stan

Con

THRACE

Athens

Strait of Gibraltar

sp

Black S e a

Rome Tarentum

SARDINIA

Sarguntum

Carthago Nova

Ca

LY

Po R.

CORSICA

HISPANIA

NAXOS

S

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s.

. rR

s Mt

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Ta g u s R .

ube R .

Ti b e

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SERIPHOS

Sparta

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IT

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Miletus

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ES

Pylos

Troezen

M

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NN

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ARCADIA

GALLIA

Massilia

D

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Ionian Sea

ICARIA

R.

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Sardis

Athens

Corinth Mycenae Argos Tiryns

Dan

Rho

Achelous R.

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EA CHIOS

Eleusis

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© 2001 Memoria Press www.memoriapress.com

© 2001 Memoria Press www.memoriapress.com

Ancient Civilization Wall Maps Large Wall Maps (22'' x 34'') $35.00 Small Wall Maps (11'' x 17'') $20.00

Christian Studies Wall Maps

CYPRUS

Large Wall Maps (22'' x 34'') $35.00 Med i terra nea n Sea

CA

NA A

N

Bethel Jericho

Jordan R.

Sea of Galilee

Shechem

AMMON

Small Wall Maps (11'' x 17'') $20.00

Mt. Nebo

Dead Sea

MOAB

Hebron

Beersheba

Sodom Gomorrah

NILE DELTA

Ancient Near East

Kadesh-barnea Mt. Hor

Old Testament

EDOM

ian

ge

ASIA MINOR

Mt. Ararat

Se a

f of Su

MIDIAN

Ti

ASSYRIA

g ris

ez

Haran

Ri ve

Mt. Sinai

ph

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at

Mediterranean Sea

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Ri

SYRIA

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RUS

CYP

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Nineveh

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Eu CRETE

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Gulf of Aqaba

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Rephidim

Ae

an

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Marah Elim

Sea

ITALY GR

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sp

SINAI PENINSULA

EGYPT

Ni

Ca

Black Sea

MACEDONIA

GOSHEN

G ul

OP OT AM IA

BABYLONIA

Damascus

AAN

Babylon Joppa

Ur

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MIDIAN

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Mt. Sinai

N il

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ARABIA

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Pe

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EGYPT

Egypt & Palestine Christian Studies Large Wall Maps © Memoria Press Copyright 2013. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the USA.

Susa Nippur

AN

Red Sea

PE

S ea

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O

Thebes

Renaissance & Reformation Times It would be hard to overstate the reverberating effects of this period on modern history.

Politics, philosophy, art, theology—virtually no aspect of Western culture was left unchanged by the Renaissance and Reformation. Mills succeeds marvelously in giving readers a neutral ground on which to base their understanding of this time.

LESBOS

P H RY G I A B

Delphi

Olympia

PE

From the foundation of monasteries to the bell towers of universities, from the crowning of Charlemagne to the execution of Joan of Arc, Mills guides students through the spread of Christendom and the founding of a new civilization on the remnants of the Roman Empire.

Aegean Sea U

Mt. Parnassus Calydonia

GERMANIA

Mt. Pelion

ITHACA

ELIS

ieper R .

Rh

EP

Troy LEMNOS

la R .

R.

BRITANNIA

Hellespont

T H E S S A LY Iolcus

The Book of the Middle Ages

Vi stu

b

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Mt. Olympus

Gu

lf

Sheba ↓

Christian Studies Large Wall Maps © Memoria Press Copyright 2013. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the USA.

Classical Studies

57

Classical Literature The Trojan War

by Olivia Coolidge | Grades 6-8 Text $8.99 | Student $12.95 | Teacher $12.95 This faithful retelling of the events of the Trojan War is wonderful preparation for reading the Iliad and Odyssey in later years. Your student will become familiar with the main characters, the gods and goddesses, and the storyline of Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, presented in simple but captivating prose. Each lesson in the Student Guide has reading notes, vocabulary, comprehension questions, and an enrichment section with discussion topics, writing, art, and mapwork.

The Iliad & The Odyssey Samuel Butler translation | Grades 7+

NEW

The Adventures of Odysseus & The Tale of Troy

by Padraic Colum | Grades 6-8 | $11.00

Padraic Colum introduces young readers to Odysseus, the Greek hero of the Trojan War, who has been away from his home and his family for twenty years.

The Adventures of Odysseus & The Tale of Troy has all the essentials of Homer’s epic: the son, Telemachus, searching for news of his father and learning about the events of the Trojan War; the faithful wife, Penelope, refusing to marry again despite a throng of suitors; and Odysseus himself, struggling against monsters, storms, and the wrath of gods to be reunited with his family and regain his place as king of Ithaka.

The Aeneid for Boys & Girls

by Alfred J. Church | Grades 6-8 $11.00 Alfred Church's retelling of Virgil's Aeneid is a great introduction to the story of Aeneas, who escaped from the burning city of Troy and founded Rome, the New Troy. Reading this first will help prepare students to tackle the more difficult writing of Virgil.

$93.95 set ea. (text, student, teacher, videos) $168.14 complete set (Iliad and Odyssey sets) Text $14.00 ea. | eBook $7.00 ea.

Student $12.95 ea. | Teacher $16.95 ea.

Instructional Videos: DVDs or Streaming $55.00 ea.

Western civilization begins with the two greatest works of the ancient world: the Iliad and the Odyssey. The enormous influence these books have exerted in Western literature and art make them the perfect place to begin your study of Western culture. Samuel Butler's prose translations are both scholarly and easily accessible to students. The reading notes, focus passages, and comprehension and discussion questions in our Student Guides highlight important events, characters, and themes, allowing your student to more deeply understand these seminal works. The Teacher Manuals include additional contextual background information and teaching tips, as well as complete answers to the Student Guides and unit tests.

The Aeneid David West translation | Grades 8+

$92.57 set (text, student, teacher, videos) Text $16.00 Student $18.95 Teacher $18.95 Instructional Videos: DVDs or Streaming $55.00 After Homer, the Aeneid is logically your next great book to study. Virgil's epic story of the founding of Rome will come alive when read with the help of our study guide as you continue your quest to master the classics. This is a great preparation for AP Latin also. Our Teacher Manual has inset student pages with teacher notes and background information for each lesson.

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Horatius at the Bridge

by Thomas Babington Macaulay | Grades 6+

$35.54 set (text, student, teacher, medal, pin) Text $8.50 | Student $8.50 | Teacher $10.95 Medal $5.50 | Lapel Pin $3.95 This study of Macaulay's 70-stanza ballad includes vocabulary, maps, character and plot synopses, meter, comprehension questions, teaching guidelines, and quizzes. Send us a recording of your students reciting the poem, and we'll send them a Winston Churchill Award certificate, medal, and lapel pin.

The Divine Comedy

by Dante Alighieri, John Ciardi translation Grades 10+

$61.18 set (text, student, teacher, quizzes & tests) $113.43 complete set (all books + streaming videos) Text $21.00 | Student $18.95 Teacher $18.95 | Quizzes & Tests $5.50 Streaming Instructional Videos $55.00 The Divine Comedy is one of the crown jewels of both Western and Christian literature. This epic, allegorical poem illustrates Dante's spiritual journey of redemption that takes him through the pit of Hell (the Inferno) to the Beatific Vision of God (the Paradiso).

On Obligations

The Republic and The Laws

by Cicero, P. G. Walsh translation

by Cicero, Niall Rudd translation

Grades 10+

Grades 10+

Text $13.95

Text $12.95

Student $18.95

Student $18.95

Teacher $18.95

Teacher $18.95

Cicero's work On Obligations played a large role in Western Christendom but is daunting to read alone. Let us accompany your high schooler as he learns the principles of justice, wisdom, beneficence, courage, and propriety.

The Republic became the blueprint of the U.S. government almost 2,000 years after it was written. In The Laws, Cicero defends his understanding of the upright moral life. His writings became the foundation for the West's philosophical discussion on the natural law.

The Greek Tragedies Grades 9+

$230.16 complete set (3 texts, 3 student guides, 3 teacher guides, 3 instructional videos)

The Oresteian Trilogy by Aeschylus $13.00 The Three Theban Plays by Sophocles $15.00 Medea & Other Plays by Euripides $11.00 Student $18.95 ea. | Teacher $18.95 ea.

Instructional Videos: DVDs or Streaming $45.00 ea.

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The Oresteian Trilogy

The Three Theban Plays

Medea & Other Plays

Aeschylus was the first of the three great tragic playwrights. Join Orestes as he seeks to avenge his father's murder, but discovers, along with us, that revenge only begets revenge—that mercy and litigation are the better ends of justice.

Here is Sophocles' story of Oedipus, fated to unknowingly kill his father and marry his mother. This is the great myth, influencing all subsequent literature. Fate, free will, the quest for knowledge and truth—the glory and downfall of Western civilization.

Euripides further developed the tragedy, instituting the deus ex machina, a prologue, and greater realism. His heroes are less resolute and more psychological, fraught with internal conflict. In them we see the extremes of human nature: cold reason and maniacal passion, nobility and cruelty, triumph and regret, grief and comfort.

Classical Literature

59

The Vision of the Soul The Six Central Insights of the Western Tradition

by James

60

Matthew Wilson

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MemoriaPress.com

If

we seek to conserve the Western tradition, then what are the principles that constitute it? There is a recognizable tradition of Western civilization in which we all participate, one governed by the concept of beauty.

Let us consider six key insights about the nature of the cosmos and of the human person that constitute the genius of the West that we should all desire to share in, to conserve, and to cultivate. These insights are to be found already present in the culture of ancient Greece at the time of Socrates, and they are also to be found in the Judaic tradition prior to its contact with Hellenic culture. But they find fuller and more satisfactory articulation just before and during the first Christian centuries, as the thought of Athens and Jerusalem engage one another. Socrates himself can be understood as a representative figure within a synthetic but readily unified tradition that no less profoundly depends on Jewish and Christian thought.

The first insight is that man is an intellectual animal.

This is not strictly identical with claiming he is rational.

First of all, "intellect," in the Christian-Platonist tradition, means the faculty of thought itself. Aristotle's understanding of God is of a thought that "thinks itself." Many centuries later, Thomas Aquinas would explain that this claim does not indicate that God thinks only about Himself to the exclusion of all else, but that He is His Thought, comprising the knowledge of all things in a single, simple essence. What absolutely characterizes the human being as intellectual is not his distinct way of solving problems, but the essential openness to being, the capacity to drink in the whole of reality, becoming it virtually without ceasing to be himself, afforded by the spiritual operation of thought.

Our intellect impresses not primarily in its orderly processing of data, but in the "limitless voracity" by which it "seizes being and draws it into itself." The mind can potentially contain the universe; it can possess the fullness of being and of truth.

Second, reason finds in its very operation a truth beyond itself that defines the human person. Namely, that his nature is founded on a prior or foundational intelligibility in the world and that he is intellectually and aesthetically oriented toward a transcendent knowledge of it. We can demonstrate truths by our reason's use of logic, but the principles that make reasoning possible cannot themselves be demonstrated. Something James Matthew Wilson is Cullen Foundation Chair in English Literature and the Founding Director of the Master of Fine Arts program in Creative Writing at the University of Saint Thomas, Houston, as well as an award-winning poet and author of several books, including The Vision of the Soul: Truth, Goodness, and Beauty in the Western Tradition, from which this excerpt is taken, and which won the 2022 Parnasssus Prize from Memoria College.

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precedes man's act of knowing, both in himself and in the world. Aristotle speaks of the intellectual virtue whereby the mind "grasps the first principles" of thought. The most ancient authorities in the tradition emphasize that prior to our reasoning lies some kind of gift, visitation, or inspiration. For Plato, every idea is a recollection (anamnesis) from the plane of eternal ideas, or pure intelligibles—what are commonly called the "Forms." Centuries later, Augustine would stretch into the darkness of memory to find the presence of God—the one who makes the memory to be in the first place and who abides there as in all things. When we look out at the world we discover the intelligibility of reality itself; thought is only possible because idea— truth—was there first, already waiting to be thought.

That we can know things—that we can readily know that they are and what they are—tells us something about the objective intelligibility that precedes our knowing and greets us at every turn.

But this ready comprehension that things are and of what they are provokes us to strain and exceed ourselves in trying to understand what it is To Be—or to glimpse something even beyond that. But what is this supernatural end? The tradition proposes a third thing: This dual orientation proceeds by way of reason towards an intellectual vision perceptive of Beauty Itself, which is the splendor of truth. The world would not be reasonable if it did not act "for a purpose." We find the world soaking in intelligible truths and desirable goods; we find purposive action everywhere. And so, the proper question is not whether there is a final cause, a highest good at which all things aim, but rather what is that good. Because of the mind's universal capacity, we know that whatever it may be, we may come to understand it. We see in the Symposium that Socrates believes the name for this good at which our nature aims is Beauty.

Plotinus will write, centuries later, that the soul's course lies in "the vision of the First Beauty itself."

When we arrive, by way of discursive reason, at the final knowledge, the highest good of the intellect, and come to possess it, the tradition tells us we do not know it any longer in terms of discourse but in the form of intellectual vision. Augustine, with most of the Christian-Platonist tradition, considers the seeing of truth as the soul's vision of Beauty. We speak truths as truths, but when truth presents itself to the mind's eye, it does so as Beauty. In such vision, we encounter truth as more than a series of particular propositions; we see it whole, with all its multifarious aspects joined into a seamless whole, every part overflowing into every other like, again in Plato's words, a vast sea.

Nearly one thousand years later, Thomas Aquinas will accept it as a matter of course, speaking consistently of true knowledge as vision, of rational truth as spiritual The Vision of the Soul

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light, of divine revelation as the "light of glory," and of the divine knowledge as akin to a single glance over all eternity. Beauty in its purest sense designates a finality at which the human intellect arrives when it fulfills itself, when it is most fully saturated in reality.

Human beings are by their nature ordered to this vision of beauty, and the intelligibility of the world around us is not the least of evidences in favor of that proposition. This should suggest to us that beauty is not exclusively or even primarily a human "value," but that the world is itself ordered by and to Beauty. This is the fourth insight. Nature must be understood in terms of well-ordered desires, that is to say, movement ordained to an intelligible end, which is, in turn, to say, form (being constituted in itself by a purpose beyond itself) ordered to splendor. The cosmos is a

The cosmos is a poem, an artwork, a thing of beauty, eternal and yet composed of movements or processions that give it a form visible to the vision of the body and of the soul.

poem, an artwork, a thing of beauty, eternal and yet composed of movements or processions that give it a form visible to the vision of the body and of the soul.

In a similar vein, the Wisdom of Solomon will praise the creative knowledge of God for having "arranged all things by measure and number and weight," that is, for endowing creation with the mathematical qualities of beauty. Later, it will take on new life, finding more complete expression in the prologue to John's Gospel, where the eternal Logos, the well-measured and ordered thought of God, creates everything from nothing.

Medieval writers will embrace these concepts with alacrity, finding the geometrical and numeric structures that saturate the material world, the cosmos, 62

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as but signs of its origin in Beauty Itself and its orderly journey back to it. This rich perception would find its greatest single advocate and most sustained explication in Dionysius the Areopagite, whose Divine Names holds that the universe is mapped as a great pageant begun in the divine Beauty of God, proceeding out into the precincts of creation, and returning once more to Him. Aquinas writes that man's vision of the Divine Beauty leads, finally, to his assimilation to it. This leads us to the fifth insight: Human dignity specifically consists in man's unique capacity to perceive and contemplate that splendorous order, and, thus, the most excellent form of human life is that which is given over to such contemplation. When a man capable of wisdom first learns of the life of philosophy, Plato's letters tell us, he "thinks he has heard of a marvelous quest that he must at once enter upon with all earnestness, or life is not worth living." We should wish to become lovers of wisdom, if we are not already, and this consists in a life shaped by certain practices and oriented toward a certain end, rather than in a specific knowledge.

In his Gospel centuries later, John indicates in his narrative of Jesus' encounter with the Samaritan woman at the well that all human beings already are seeking this most excellent way of life—they just do not know where to find it. Gesturing to the well, the Lord cryptically tells her, "Everyone who drinks of this water will thirst again, but whoever drinks the water that I shall give him will never thirst; the water that I shall give him will become in him a spring of water welling up to eternal life." In a dark room, we all immediately turn to a spark of light; we all thirst. We sense that light from above and water from below surround us as the inexhaustible reality we always need.

The craving for a water that so quenches our thirst that we shall never thirst again, a light that answers our most gnawing question, anticipates our sixth and final insight: This contemplation realizes itself in what we may call happiness or salvation, and it is characterized by an activity that resembles passivity, that is to say, not simply the absence of motion but a fullness of activity that is called peace and freedom. The whole of the Christian-Platonist tradition converges on "happiness" and "beatitude" as the terms best suited to name the purpose of human life, and it tells us that all our activities are ordained to that end. Because one could only achieve this in a condition that transcends the present, fallen earthly realm where all things pass away, Christians emphasize that happiness is just another name for beatitude as salvation. Aquinas, for instance, affirms that only the contemplative life realized outside of time is perfect happiness, and, crucially, this he describes as the dual-act of "knowing and loving God." MemoriaPress.com

science & nature John H. Tiner's Science

Novare Science

Grades 5-9

Grades 6+

Text $14.99 ea.

See full book and price lists on MemoriaPress.com!

Supplemental Student Questions $5.50 ea.

Teacher Key & Tests $8.50 ea.

J. H. Tiner's illustrated science books for middle school students are written from a biblical perspective and have won numerous awards. Each includes review questions and activities for every chapter, and Memoria Press has written supplemental questions, unit reviews, and tests for each book.

Choose From: Exploring the History of Medicine

Exploring the World of Physics

Exploring Planet Earth

Exploring the World of Biology

Exploring the World of Mathematics

Exploring the World of Astronomy

Exploring the World of Chemistry

Nature's Beautiful Order

by Christopher O. Blum & John A. Cuddeback Grades 6+ Text $21.95 | Student $12.95 Teacher $13.95 This introduction to natural history instills in the beginning student of biology a love for the beauty and order of the animal kingdom through the eyes of the classical naturalists.

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Novare is committed to a masterylearning paradigm. Accurate explanations and a thorough treatment of the subject matter characterize these courses from start to finish. The Resource CDs include quizzes and exams, a teacher key, weekly review guides, and more.

Choose From: Physical Science

General Chemistry

Earth Science

Accelerated Chemistry

Introductory Physics

Physics: Modeling Nature

Modern Biology Grades 9+ Student $19.95 | Teacher $22.95 Tests $5.00 Coloring Workbook $22.99 Streaming Instructional Videos $55.00 Spend several weeks each on biochemistry, cell structure, genetics, microbiology, the structure and function of plants, and a study of vertebrate and invertebrate animals. *NOTE:

Modern Biology has gone out of print. If you are using our guides for this program you will

need to purchase a used textbook elsewhere.

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science & nature Mammals

Student $15.95 Teacher $17.95

Grades 3+

The World of Mammals $20.00

$66.30 set

What Is a Mammal? $7.95

(student, teacher,

What Is the Animal Kingdom? $7.95

The World of Mammals, What Is a Mammal?, What Is the Animal Kingdom?)

The young student's natural fascination with animals makes this in-depth study of the habitats, behaviors, and classification of mammals a wonderful grammar school course. Lessons draw from The World of Mammals, What Is the Animal Kingdom?, and What Is a Mammal? and include comprehension questions, drawing exercises, and observation pages.

The Book of Astronomy Grades 3+ Student $15.95 | Teacher $18.95 Teach your student the story of the sky! This guide covers stars, constellations, the solar system, and the zodiac.

The Book of Insects Grades 4+

$64.30 set (text, student, teacher, field guide, flashcards) Text $16.50 | Student $16.50 NEW Monarch Butterfly • Lepidoptera [Greek: λεπιδος + πτερα] means "scale-winged" • Cabbage butterfly, sphinx moth, monarch butterfly, brush-footed butterfly, swallowtail butterfly, luna moth • Complete metamorphosis • Characteristics: large wings and coiling mouthparts • Also includes: tiger moth, cecropia moth, skipper butterfly

Honeybee • Hymenoptera [Greek: υµεν + πτερα] means "membrane-winged" • Paper wasp, yellow jacket, hornet, carpenter ant, fire ant, honeybee, bumblebee • Complete metamorphosis • Characteristics: slender waist and stingers • Also includes: saw fly, mud dauber, bulldog ant, sweat bee

Teacher $18.50 | eBook $12.00 Flashcards $10.95 | Peterson Guide $8.99 A narrative approach to the life of insects that takes your student through classification, anatomy, and more!

The Book of Birds

by Sarah Jo Davis and Kalee Miller | Grades 5+

$76.89 set (text, student, teacher, field guide, coloring book, flashcards) Text $19.50 | Student $16.50 | Teacher $18.50 Peterson Guide $8.99 | Coloring Book $10.99 | Flashcards $10.95 The Book of Birds is a thorough introduction to a fascinating avian world, covering everything from anatomy and the physics of flight to social habits and habitats.

The Book of Trees

by Sean Brooks | Grades 6+

$64.99 set (text, student, teacher, field guide, Tree Book) Text $16.50 | Student $16.50 | Teacher $18.50 Peterson Guide $8.99 The Tree Book for Kids and Their Grown-Ups $15.95 Do you know that the very gift of breath is the result of the oxygen that trees and plants produce? Or that trees and plants provide the means of sustenance for all life on Earth? The Book of Trees, along with the Student Workbook and Teacher Guide, will teach your student both plant morphology and taxonomy (the different parts and different kinds of plants), as well as photosynthesis and respiration. Other chapters cover flowers and fruits. The second half of the course is dedicated to tree observation and classification.

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Art & Music Discovering Music: 300 Years of Interaction in Western Music, Arts, History, and Culture (Second Edition)

Exploring America's Musical Heritage: Through Art, Literature, and Culture

with Dr. Carol Reynolds | Grades 8+

$49.95 set (2 DVDs totaling more than 4 hours)

$170 set (Textbook, Student Workbook, DVDs, Teacher Manual download)

Textbook $39.95 | Student Workbook $29.95 | DVDs $106.10 Join Professor Carol as she travels the world using music as the window into political and cultural history. The expanded second edition includes a separate Textbook—now including art and additional information—and a Student Workbook—with more activities, questions, and timelines—which both still correspond perfectly to the first edition DVDs.

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with Dr. Carol Reynolds Grades 5+ In this course, Professor Carol—along with 38 other historians, scholars, and artists—takes you on a journey through America's musical history. When we sing the songs our greatgrandparents learned around a campfire, read the poems they recited, and study the paintings or quilts they created, we visit the past in a tangible way.

MemoriaPress.com

Early Sacred Music: From the Temple through the Middle Ages $119 set (text, workbook, DVDs)

Creating Art: Lessons & Projects for the Grammar Stage

Text $24.95 | Assignments & Quizzes $22.95

Grades 3-4

with Dr. Carol Reynolds | Grades 8+

Here you will find a description and explanation of how Christians worshiped God in song for over a millennia. In addition to the sheer beauty of the songs themselves, you will learn how musical notation developed, who the great Christian composers were, and how historical circumstances affected the musical worship of the Church. DVDs include musical performances and Professor Carol's unparalleled commentary.

$21.95 Students will begin with color theory and basic art techniques.

They will create projects that relate to literature, science, Mesopotamian and Egyptian art, portraits, landscapes, still life, and much more!

Music Appreciation

by Patrick Fata | Grades 3+ Student Book $16.50 Audio Companion CD $9.50 This course aims to deepen your student's appreciation of music by grounding the greatest pieces in the canon of Western classical music in their historical context, and by introducing the foundational musical concepts of notation, rhythm, pitch, form, and melody to give a fuller understanding of the inner workings of the pieces and of music in general.

Art Cards & Posters Grades K-2 Art Cards K-2 (5" x 7") $10.95 ea.

Art Posters K-2 (11" x 17") $35.00 ea.

Enrich your child's primary education with beautiful pieces of art from the most influential artistic movements in history, including the Renaissance, Romanticism, Impressionism, and more! These supplements are coordinated with our primary Classical Core Curriculum sets.

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O

Mapping the Imagination

by Dr. Carol Reynolds

ne of my favorite children's books happens to be Uri Shulevitz's How I Learned Geography. Touchingly illustrated by the author, the story is based on Shulevitz's actual childhood. Born in Warsaw in 1935, he fled with his family after the Nazis incinerated the city center in 1944 and razed Warsaw to the ground. The family was taken to a refugee camp in the remote steppes of Turkestan. There, everything was harsh and unwelcoming. After a number of years, the Shulevitz family found a pathway to Paris, and ultimately Israel.

The storybook recreates Uri's life in that Turkestan village through the character of a little boy fleeing exactly the same tragedy. War refugees lived in trying circumstances and existed primarily on small parcels of bread. So, it was a serious decision when the father in the story (and Uri's own father in actuality) chose one day to invest the pennies available for daily bread to buy a wall map. The seemingly frivolous purchase was met with ire by the wife and the hungry boy. The child went to bed filled with anger and shame.

Yet, the next morning, when Father hung the map, the drab, dusty hut built from blocks of camel-dung transformed into a living cinema. The child spent hours gazing at the colorful map, memorizing the strange names, marveling at the blue seas, tracing the mountain ranges, and copying its details onto any scrap of paper available. In his imagination, he flew across the globe, ran on beaches, swung with monkeys, ate fresh mangos and papayas, froze in the Arctic, and stood in awe of the endless windows of New York skyscrapers.

At the story's end the child forgives his father, for Father had been right. For Shulevitz, that long-ago map and the waves of imagination it triggered got him through an awful period of displacement and set his course to become a fine author and illustrator.

Few things are more powerful or valuable than the human imagination. Expressions of the imagination garner praise in young children, but later imaginative play often gets labeled as a distraction that needs to be put aside. Imaginative speculations (and the mess they create) are muzzled. The wrongness of this muzzling ought to be self-evident, particularly since we simultaneously praise the imaginations of writers, inventors, and artists who long ago created works like the Divine Comedy, the printing press, or the glorious ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.

Beyond fostering tangible, praiseworthy achievements, the imagination has the power to nurture the well-rounded mental, emotional, and Dr. Carol Reynolds is a widely acclaimed author, speaker, and educator. She regularly leads arts tours throughout Europe and the Mediterranean, recently in partnership with the Smithsonian Institute.

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spiritual development of every person. The beloved author L. Frank Baum wrote in his introduction to The Lost Princess of Oz: The imaginative child will become the imaginative man or woman most apt to create, to invent, and therefore to foster civilization.

How, then, do we nurture this intrinsic, intangible ability in our children? Certain steps are clear. For starters, avoid labeling or denigrating a child's imaginative expressions and activities. Take a strong stand to eliminate actions and attitudes that kill the imagination. Disallow immersion in, or even regular exposure to, video screens. Turn off the endless chatter of TV and replace it with reading good literature aloud and listening to fine audiobooks. Doing these things removes many a pollutant of the imagination.

The imagination is stirred and strengthened through ex p o s u r e to b eaut i f u l, interesting objects. Fill the home with books, costumes, simple musical instruments, and items that are the products of skilled hands, such as handstitched quilts, real china and cut glass, hand-carved and hand-painted decorations, and loom-woven fabrics. These things are cheap to obtain nowadays in thrift stores and yard sales since so few modern people want them.

Keep a pile of art and craft supplies nearby. Spend significant time out-of-doors, observing and experiencing nature. Expose the whole family to great music, dance, and theater, either live on stage when possible, or through prepared viewings of classic works via DVDs, streaming services, and the online offerings of the world's best companies like The Metropolitan Opera, The Royal Ballet of London, and the Royal Shakespeare Company, as well as many worldclass orchestras. (As you prepare these experiences, remember that professional companies produce a wide variety of performances, so screen your chosen works.)

Like a daily diet of nutritious food, a regular diet of these offerings feeds the health of the imagination.

Additionally, from a young age, employ styles of discussion and inquiry that help students strengthen the intellectual and verbal sides of their imagination.

Foster an awareness of the style, details, sweep, and placement of illustrations in books. When introducing 1-502-966-9115

a novel, poem, or short story, stop the momentum to have students predict subsequent scenes, dialogue, or character development. From science to history, help them see the limits of solely learning facts, names, and dates. Ask them to rethink historical or current developments—what might have happened if certain elements had been rearranged or occurred differently?

Spending time with these kinds of activities is the opposite of "wasting time." Instead, it brings the imagination to maturity and burns a vibrant blueprint for learning into the brain.

The imagination unleashes a powerful fusion of skill and courage: It could hold the key to survival in desperate circumstances. Recall the Father in How I Learned Geography who invested "foolishly" in a tool to stimulate his son's imagination. Let that be a reminder that a wellfed imagination can bring concrete aid to a child negotiating the effects of displacement, family distress, destitution, and acts of destruction.

Accordingly, consider (and teach about) the ways people throughout history have employed their imaginations to free themselves from danger and despotism, such as those bold East Germans who fled the strictures of Communism in homemade hot-air balloons or the ones who secreted themselves in the interior cavities of someone's tiny Trabant (twocylinder East German car) before it crossed the border.

And here is one last thing: Do not feel anxious about children who engage seriously in imaginary relationships. The digital age has narrowed the corridor for imaginary pets and imaginary friends or siblings. Without my own long-lived imaginary friend, my childhood would have been far lonelier. I would have lost a comforting sounding board for my ideas and an invisible poultice in moments when I felt no one understood me.

The exercise of our imagination may, at first glance, seem like the whisp of a breeze, dotted by color from a butterfly's wing. But imagination can snap to become a glistening, sharp-edged sword that slashes through obstacles and lifts us above adversity. Let us rejoice in this Divine gift and value it accordingly.

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Primary Enrichment Music Enrichment Classical Core Curriculum supplement Grades K-2 $13.95

Enrichment Guides Classical Core Curriculum supplement

The Book of Crafts

(Kindergarten, 1st Grade, or 2nd Grade) $20.95 ea.

Classical Core Curriculum supplement

These supplemental guides coordinate with our Classical Core Kindergarten, First Grade, and Second Grade programs. Each guide includes an overview of each read-aloud book, author and illustrator biographies, oral reading questions, and a simple language lesson, as well as resources for the history, culture, and science lessons, biographies of the artists, and poetry lessons. Lessons from Music Enrichment are scheduled here as well.

The creative arts are an essential part of primary school education. These activities reinforce number and letter recognition, strengthen fine-motor skills, and foster creativity and confidence. There is a craft project for each read-aloud in Memoria Press' Jr. K-2 curriculum packages, and additional crafts that focus on art concepts. Enjoy each of your creations and the time spent together making them.

Grades Jr. K-2 | $18.50 ea.

Music Enrichment goes into more detail about each song studied in our Enrichment Guides, including a short backstory on each song and its composer, as well as a few interesting facts and discussion questions. Purchase of this book also includes links to playlists so you can listen to good recordings of each piece.

Character Building NEW

Manner of the Week Wall Charts & Flashcards Grades K+ Wall Charts (11" x 8 ½") $16.50 | Flashcards (5 ½" × 4 ¼") $10.95 Be respectful, listen carefully, look for opportunities to include others, chew with your mouth closed—these simple, thoughtful guidelines for good manners are a great aid for your classroom or homeschool. There are 36 manners, one for each week of your school year. Each week, hang up the wall chart as a helpful visual aid and use the short explanations and examples on the flashcards to discuss proper behavior at the dinner table, around the home, and out in public.

Myself & Others Lessons for Social Understanding, Habits, & Manners

by Cheryl Swope Ages 4-13 Guide Books $19.95 ea.

Book One Core Set $57.86 Book One Read-Aloud Set $105.90 Book Two Core Set $22.45 Book Two Read-Aloud Set $101.83 Book Three Core Set $58.36 Book Four Core Set $51.22

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Kindergarten Morning Work

Cut & Paste Book

Grade K

Grade K

$16.00

$6.50

Kindergarten Morning Work is designed to practice quick recall of concepts already taught in the Kindergarten Curriculum. It purposefully does not introduce new concepts, but allows young students to build confidence and gives teachers the opportunity to gauge mastery. Two days a week students will review penmanship, phonics, color words, number awareness, and the manner of the week.

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Fine-motor skills are critical for primary students to master. We have paired this Cut & Paste Book with our kindergarten phonics and reading program so that students can practice their scissors skills, using glue, and NEW tracing letters while working on mastery of beginning phonics sounds.

The pages are in the same order that students study the alphabet in First Start Reading, with additional pages for the h-consonant teams of sh, th, ch, and wh as they are introduced.

Scissors Books Recommended for Ages 3-5 My Very First Scissors Book $6.50 My Very Own Scissors Book $6.50 Help your student develop hand strength, fine-motor skills, and independence with one or both of these books.

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Alphabet, Numbers, & Coloring Alphabet Book Part One & Part Two

by Leigh Lowe Recommended for Ages 4-5

$32 set (2 books) Teaches letter recognition, letter formation, and pencil grip.

This is a gentle introduction to phonics.

Numbers & Colors Recommended for Ages 4-5 $16.00 This is the great precursor to Numbers Book Part One. This book introduces each number through 15 and color words with tracing and coloring activities.

Coloring Books Recommended for Ages 4-5 Alphabet $6.50 | Numbers $6.50 Practice number and letter recognition while developing fine-motor and coloring skills.

Numbers Book Part One & Part Two

by Leigh Lowe Recommended for Kindergarten

$32 set

(2 books)

Continued practice with numbers, counting, and patterns for the kindergarten student who is ready to move beyond simple tracing. This a nice supplement to any kindergarten math program.

Alphabet Flashcards (4¼'' x 5½") $11.00 Deck contains one card for each letter of the alphabet. Each card has the upper- and lowercase letter on one side and a simple illustration on the flip side that allows practice with the beginning letter sound.

Alphabet Manuscript Wall Charts (also available in New American Cursive font, p. 79)

(11'' x 17'') | $16.50 These visual aids reinforce each letter of the alphabet and numbers zero to nine while young students learn to read and write or practice their penmanship. Each illustration is hand-drawn and matches the drawings on the Alphabet Flashcards.

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Math Memoria Math Challenge

Arithmetic Flashcards

Levels A-C | Grades K-2

Addition & Subtraction, 0 to 18

Student $16.50 ea.

Teacher $5.50 ea.

(6" x 4")

Our goal for math in the primary grades is the mastery of basic facts. One of the most effective ways to help students achieve mastery is simply to practice. With daily timed drills, Memoria Math Challenge is designed to give students that necessary math practice and also to help the teacher measure students' immediate recall. We start with addition, subtraction, and number dictation in kindergarten, and ramp up to 200 daily problems by the end of first grade. If students are able to master their math facts in the primary years, they can devote more time to complex math operations in grammar school and upper school. Student Drills are on 3-hole-punched loose-leaf paper to make it easy for you to store and copy if you need additional practice.

$10.95

Multiplication Flashcards 0 to 12 (6" x 4") $10.95 NEW

Division Flashcards 0 to 12 (6" x 4") $10.95

Rod & Staff Arithmetic Rod & Staff Math books teach your student number facts and arithmetic skills to mastery using clear, uncluttered lessons and plenty of drill practice.

College of the Redwoods Prealgebra Grades 7-8 Textbook $20.00 Solutions Manual $20.00 Quizzes & Tests $10.95 Quizzes & Tests Answer Key $5.50

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Grade 1 Arithmetic (3rd Ed.) Student Part 1 $6.95 | Student Part 2 $6.95 Practice Sheets $16.50 Teacher Manual $20.95 Speed Drills $4.90

Grade 4 Arithmetic

Grade 2 Arithmetic (3rd Ed.) Student Unit 1 $6.95 | Student Unit 2 $6.95 Student Unit 3 $6.95 | Student Unit 4 $6.95 Practice Sheets 1 $7.95 | Practice Sheets 2 $7.95 Supplemental Pack $1.75 | Teacher Manual, Units 1-2 $12.75 Teacher Manual, Units 3-4 $12.75

Grade 5 Arithmetic

Grade 3 Arithmetic

Grade 6 Mathematics

Student Book (with Supplemental Worksheets) $14.95 Teacher Manual (includes Worksheets Key) $15.95 Blacklines $4.50 Speed Drills $4.90

Student $14.95 Teacher Manual Part 1 $11.95 Teacher Manual Part 2 $11.95 Tests $2.25 | Quizzes and Speed Tests $4.50

Student $14.95 | Speed Drill Packet $9.50 Teacher Manual Part 1 $11.95 Teacher Manual Part 2 $11.95 Tests $2.25 | Speed Drills $4.90

Student $14.95 Teacher Manual Part 1 $11.95 Teacher Manual Part 2 $11.95 Tests $2.25 | Speed Drills $4.90

VideoText Algebra: A Complete Course Grades 7-12

Complete Set $399 (online course + books for modules A-F) Year One Set $235 (online course + books for modules A-C) Year Two Set $235 (online course + books for modules D-F) VideoText Math uses mastery-review techniques to fully explore the language of mathematics and algebraic relations. Students watch a tenminute video that develops each lesson's concept while they follow along with their Course Notes, and then complete the exercises in the WorkText. Progress Tests help gauge student mastery throughout the year, with multiple forms of each quiz and test available if your student needs a little extra practice. The Instructor's Guide provides step-by-step instructions for solving the problems on each test, while the Solutions Manual does the same for the WorkText.

Geometry course also available!

Math

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Phonics & Reading

by Cheryl Lowe | Grade K

Kindergarten Phonics Supplemental Workbook

$49.95 set (Books A-D + Teacher Guide)

by Amber Wheat | Grade K | $16.00

Student Books (A-D) $7.50 ea.

Designed to be used in conjunction with First Start Reading to reinforce the phonetic concepts learned each week.

First Start Reading: Phonics, Reading, & Printing

Teacher Guide for Books A-D $19.95 FSR is a balanced, age-appropriate approach to phonics and reading, with a serious focus on correct pencil grip and letter formation. The program uses the traditional (vowel-consonant) approach to phonics combined with word families. The FSR kindergarten program consists of 4 student books with artist-­drawn pictures to color, drawing pages for each letter or phonogram, and over 40 stories. The Teacher Guide leads you through the program and provides helpful assessments and teaching tips.

Everything you need to teach your student to read fluently, including lesson plans!

Manuscript Practice Sheets

by Amber Wheat | Grade K | $15.50 Provides the extra practice needed to master manuscript printing. Correlates with the letter students are working on in First Start Reading.

Kindergarten Phonics & Reading Streaming Instructional Videos

Kindergarten Phonics & Reading Set Grade K | $251.72 set

NEW

$55.00 Let primary specialist Michelle Tefertiller teach your students how to read! These streaming videos use all the books in the Kindergarten Phonics & Reading Set.

Classical Phonics

First Start Reading Storybooks A-E

by Cheryl Lowe

by Cheryl Lowe NEW

by Michelle Tefertiller | Grade 1 Student Book E $7.50 Teacher Guide for Book E $10.95 We complete our phonics for reading program at the beginning of first grade with First Start Reading Book E, which includes long vowel teams, sounds of soft c and g, and the three sounds of y.

Phonics Flashcards

Grades K-2 | $18.50

Grades K-1

These phonetically arranged word lists require students to rely on their mastery of letter sounds. Coordinates with First Start Reading, or is a good supplement to any phonics program.

$7.50-$10.00 ea.

(4¼'' x 5½")

These Storybooks feature the same targeted phonetic stories found in First Start Reading, with beautifully illustrated black and white pictures to help students stay engaged as they read.

$25.95

100 Days of Summer Reading Books I-III Grades K-2 | $8.50 ea.

Reading is a subject that should continue through the summer to avoid regression.

These summer reading journals are a perfect way to encourage young children to continue working on reading fluency. The font size gets smaller for each journal, and each page is divided in half for drawing and writing small summaries. Kindergarten has the unique goal of reading a book a day for 100 days!

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First Start Reading, Book E

Phonics & Reading

Grades K-2

Flashcards for the nearly 200 phonograms used to spell the 44 sounds of the English language.

Phonics from A to Z $27.99

Easy Reader Classics Grades K-2

$67.50 set (18 books) | $3.95 ea.

Classic stories from The Jungle Book, The Wind in the Willows, Tom Sawyer, and Doctor Dolittle have been adapted in these early readers so young children can read good stories on their level.

A manual for teachers who want to go deeper into the subject of phonics and reading.

Teaching Phonics & Word Study $33.99

An excellent phonics resource for grammar school teachers.

Spelling Traditional Spelling I-III

by Cheryl Lowe | Grades

1-3

$54.65 I & II set ea. (student, teacher, practice sheets, supplemental workbook, supplemental workbook key)

NEW

$38.49 III set

(student, teacher, practice sheets)

Student $16.50 ea. | Teacher $18.50 ea.

Practice Sheets $5.50 ea.

Supplemental Workbook (I & II only) $8.50 ea.

Supplemental Workbook Key (I & II only) $8.50 ea.

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This comprehensive, phonetic approach to teaching spelling is the culmination of our phonics program.

Once students have mastered reading "consonant-vowelconsonant" words with short vowels in kindergarten they are ready to begin a spelling program. Traditional Spelling is the perfect next step toward reading fluency. Traditional Spelling provides students with an extensive mastery-based study of phonics.

Each four-page lesson features writing and oral dictation practice, color-coded phonogram activities, and short stories on the student's reading level that utilize that week's spelling words.

Spelling

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SIMPLY CLASSICAL

GIVE THEM A DOOR

by Cheryl Swope

T

he Door in the Wall is a slim work of children's literature that welcomes a student into the world of the Middle Ages, enchants his imagination, and shares a poetic knowledge of life itself. More than this, the little book also embraces all that we hold true in Simply Classical by helping us as parents and teachers see what is needful in education.

This humble story begins with a ten-year-old boy in dire circumstances: Robin's father, a strong and noble knight, has been called to war, his mother has been called to serve the Queen as a lady in waiting, and after their departures Robin himself fell very ill and is now unable to move his legs, becoming bedridden and sullen.

To make matters even worse, the servants assigned to care for Robin have all either scattered due to his surliness or have died of the plague. Robin's insolence soon turns to dread and hungry loneliness. Brother Luke, a wandering friar, happens by, learns of Robin's lot, and brings him food.

In earlier days Robin would have cast the offering against the wall with a broad show of disgust, but in this moment he eats what Brother Luke gives him.

The friar tells Robin that together they will travel to his quarters at St. Mark's, where the friar will care for the boy himself. Robin responds with doubt. "'See you, my two legs are as useless as if they were logs of wood. How shall I go there?'"

Brother Luke uses this as an opportunity to teach Robin greater lessons. He references something familiar to Robin: "'Dost remember the long wall that is about the garden of thy father's house?'"

Robin replies, "'Yes, of course. Why?'" The friar continues, "'Dost remember, too, the wall about the Tower or any other wall?'" Robin nods. "'Have they Cheryl Swope is the author of Simply Classical: A Beautiful Education for Any Child and Memoria Press' Simply Classical Curriculum, as well as editor of the Simply Classical Journal.

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Give Them a Door

not all a door somewhere?'" The friar continues with conviction, "'Always remember that. Thou hast only to follow the wall far enough and there will be a door in it.'" Robin promises that he will remember, though he is not entirely certain he knows what Brother Luke is trying to tell him. As the story continues, Brother Luke continues to teach Robin many things, including carpentry. "'Remember, even thy crutches can be a door in a wall.'"

Years ago, over the course of several evenings I had slipped away early to read this unassuming little children's book, marveling at its reflection of all that we believe and teach within Simply Classical. "Each day," I read, "Robin grew stronger, and could work longer before resting." With admiration I watched as the author described a well-rounded, nurturing instruction that is at once spiritual, physical, and intellectual, just as we wish classical Christian education to be.

Robin is taken to Vespers and shown the written psalteries, is given therapeutic massage and physical tasks to perform, and is taught letters to enable him to read and write. He joins in swimming with other boys.

Besides reading, writing, and the study of history and the stars Robin was given certain duties in the routine of the church …. Each day, too, he worked with Brother Matthew in the carpentry shop ….

[B]est of all he liked the swimming. It made him feel free and powerful.

Later, when Robin meets the lord to whom he was to become a squire before his illness, his transformed demeanor shows in his humility and servitude: "'I shall make a sorry page,' said Robin ruefully. 'But I can sing and I can read a little to while away the time for your lordship,' he offered, 'and I can pen letters for you.'"

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Rather than rejection or hopelessness, Robin hears from the lord words that we can speak to all of our children: "Each of us has his place in the world," he said. "If we cannot serve in one way, there is always another.

If we do what we are able, a door always opens to something else."

There it was again, Robin thought, a door. He wondered whether Sir Peter meant the same thing that Brother Luke had intended.

A classical Christian education offers numerous doors to students who seem locked behind impenetrable walls. History offers illumination beyond a narrow preoccupation with current circumstances.

Latin and mathematics discipline the mind with steady sureness. Music, art, and literature stretch inflexible thinking and free imprisoned imaginations.

Poetic knowledge, an understanding beyond mere skills or rote memory, is perhaps best taught through the psalms, as we see with young Robin. The Word of God holds a power greater than anything we could hope to impart on our own. When we teach our children to pray the psalms we give them a gift to last longer than our lifetime.

Create in me a clean heart, O God; and renew a right spirit within me. Cast me not away from thy

presence; and take not thy holy spirit from me.

Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation; and uphold me with thy free spirit. (Psalm 51:10-12)

In the presence of God's holiness, our insolence fades away. In the presence of God's mercy, our gratitude begets service. With the Word of God we give our children the peace of Christ Himself to carry them through their infirmities. Even one psalm deeply impressed upon a student can give him sustenance to seek more.

Formidable walls often stretch long before our children. As our children grow, they will find, as we all must, that they cannot walk without aid. In a classical Christian education we impart knowledge, skills, and new interests, as do the friars with young Robin. We give our children companionship in our teaching and in fellowship with other students. Most importantly we lead them to the door.

I am the door: by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out, and find pasture …. I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep." (John 10:9, 11)

This culmination of all history, imagination, and poetic knowledge is in the truth, mercy, and hope of the words of Jesus, as He speaks words of life to our children and to all who will hear.

Memoria Press works with schools all over the country to assist in understanding the vision of classical education and to help implement a cohesive classical curriculum. Cheryl Swope has joined forces with the Classical Latin School Association training team to help your school start or improve education for your struggling students and students with special needs.

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Penmanship New American Cursive

by Iris Hatfield Grades 1+ | $25.00 ea.

The New American Cursive (NAC) penmanship program is an easy-to-follow resource for learning cursive. Simplified letter forms and clear instructions teach your student to write in a fast, legible script. Developed by Iris Hatfield, an educator with 35 years of experience in the handwriting field, the workbooks improve the process of teaching handwriting and allow students to start at a younger age.

Choose from:

New American Cursive 1 New American Cursive 2: Scripture & Famous Quotations New American Cursive 2: Quotations from Famous Americans New American Cursive 3: Scripture & Lessons on Manners New American Cursive 3: Famous Quotes & Lessons on Manners

In NAC 1, learn how to form each letter, step by step, with clear starting dots and direction arrows. Correct pencil grip, paper position, and posture are illustrated throughout. Fifteen minutes of workbook practice a day is all it takes! NAC 2 will continue to teach correct letter forms and how to easily connect each letter. Proper size, spacing, and slant are emphasized in 125 instructional exercises. In NAC 3 you will further enhance cursive skills by practicing your best handwriting while learning about manners and correspondence protocol.

Teach Yourself Cursive

Why Learn Cursive?

• Improved neural connections in the brain • Increased ability to read cursive • Increased writing speed • Improved fine-motor skills • Improved reading and spelling ability • Increased self-discipline and eye-hand coordination • Improved attractiveness, legibility, and fluidity of one's signature • Increased self-confidence, continuity, and fluidity when communicating with the written word

by Iris Hatfield Grade 5-Adult | $25.00 Whether you are a beginning older student or are fine-tuning your penmanship later in life, these self-guided lessons make learning cursive a pleasure. Practice just 15 minutes a day to get remarkable results.

Startwrite CD $29.95

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New American Cursive

Create customizable worksheets in the New American Cursive font to integrate handwriting practice with any subject.

Digital download also available. (Windows only)

Penmanship Practice with Wisdom Scriptures

by Iris Hatfield Grades 3+ $12.95

NEW

This easy-to-use supplemental resource for mastering a legible, attractive cursive enhances the pleasure of writing by practicing a different, inspiring wisdom Scripture each day. It also includes 50 helpful penmanship tips to improve cursive skills.

MemoriaPress.com

Copybooks I-III

by Cheryl & Leigh Lowe Grades K-2

$41.85 set (Copybooks I-III) $15.50 ea.

Copybooks include memory passages, copybook exercises, and drawing pages, incorporating Scripture from the King James Bible and classic children's poems.

Composition & Sketchbooks I-III Grades K-6

Ages 6-12 (chronological age or skill level)

II: 1/2" Ruled for 1st-2nd Grade Students

Copybook Cursive I-IV

III: College-Ruled for Older Students

(New American Cursive font)

Our Composition & Sketchbooks allow each student to write and illustrate compositions.

Copybook Cursive I is perfect for second graders alongside NAC 2 or older students needing more practice.

The college-ruled lines of Copybook Cursive IV are perfect for older students honing their penmanship with the Scripture passages from Christian Studies III.

These journals let students practice cursive while thinking about God's daily blessings in their lives. The Intermediate Journal has a smaller font size and less tracing.

by Cheryl Swope

Grades 1-2

In Copybook Cursive III, students practice their penmanship with beautiful memory passages from Christian Studies II.

Beginner or Intermediate $9.00 ea.

My Nature Journal

Summer Cursive

Copybook Cursive II includes Scripture passages from Christian Studies I, the 15 brightest stars from Astronomy, and the major gods from D'Aulaires' Greek Myths.

(New American Cursive font)

by Cheryl Swope

$9.00 ea.

I: 5/8" Ruled for Younger Students

Grades 1-6 | $15.50 ea.

My Thankfulness Journals

Ages 4-11

$15.50 This workbook is designed as summer practice for rising second graders who have completed New American Cursive 1. It is arranged in lessons to be completed three times a week during the summer.

$9.50 Savor small moments of wonder with your child as he learns the simple beauty of nature. This book can stand alone as a delightful supplement to any program.

Cursive Practice Sheets I-III (New American Cursive font)

Aesop Copybook

Ages 6+

by Cheryl Swope

$15.50 ea.

Ages 9+

Our Cursive Practice Sheets include pages for practicing each cursive letter, Scripture copywork, and blank practice sheets. Book I is a good companion to NAC 1, Book II is extra practice for NAC 2, and Book III is wide-ruled for any older student who needs more practice.

$20.82 set (Fables and copybook) Aesop Copybook $9.50 Aesop's Fables $14.99 The Aesop Copybook is a lovely companion to Aesop’s Fables. It will strengthen your student's writing and composition skills while giving the opportunity to contemplate the timeless wisdom of Aesop's fables and learn from the gentle moral instruction they provide.

Penmanship Supplements Alphabet Wall Charts Available in Manuscript (blue) or Cursive (green)

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Alphabet Wall Poster

(11'' x 17'') | $16.50 ea.

Manuscript and New American Cursive

These visual aids reinforce each letter of the alphabet while young students learn to read and write or practice their penmanship. Each illustration is hand-drawn. The cursive charts use the New American Cursive font.

This poster lists the entire alphabet in manuscript and cursive. It is the perfect resource if you don't have the space for our Alphabet Wall Charts.

(22'' x 34'') | $7.50

Penmanship

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Literature

StoryTime Treasures

More StoryTime Treasures

Grade 1 StoryTime & More StoryTime Treasures

80

Grade 2 $92.05 guide set (student & teacher guides) $142.94 guides + novels set (guides & novels)

StoryTime Treasures

More StoryTime Treasures

$47.94 set (guides & novels)

$68.19 set (guides & novels)

Student Guide $16.50 Teacher Guide $18.50

Student Guide $16.50 Teacher Guide $18.50

Student Guide $12.95 ea.

Teacher Guide $7.50 ea.

Little Bear $4.95 Caps for Sale $8.99 Frog and Toad Are Friends $4.99 Make Way for Ducklings $9.99

Billy and Blaze $8.99 Blaze and the Forest Fire $8.99 The Story About Ping $4.99 Keep the Lights Burning, Abbie $7.99 Stone Soup $7.99 The Little House $7.99 Miss Rumphius $8.99

Animal Folk Tales of America $12.95 Prairie School $4.99 The Courage of Sarah Noble $5.99 Little House in the Big Woods $9.99 Beatrix Potter novels $7.99 ea.

Literature

Recommended Supplement: Literature Dictionary $5.50

MemoriaPress.com

Grade 3 $98.40 guide set (student & teacher guides)

$135.41 guides + novels set (student and teacher guides & novels)

Farmer Boy

Charlotte's Web

A Bear Called Paddington

Mr. Popper's Penguins

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Farmer Boy $9.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Charlotte's Web $9.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 A Bear Called Paddington $10.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Mr. Popper's Penguins $7.99

The Cricket in Times Square

Homer Price

The Blue Fairy Book

Dangerous Journey

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Cricket in Times Square $7.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Homer Price $7.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Blue Fairy Book $11.00

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Dangerous Journey $25.00

Grade 4 $98.40 guide set (student & teacher guides)

$147.78 guides + novels set (student and teacher guides & novels)

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Literature

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Literature

Grade 5 $73.80 guide set (student & teacher guides)

$98.47 guides + novels set (student and teacher guides & novels)

The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe

Heidi

Lassie Come-Home

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe $9.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Heidi $7.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Lassie Come-Home $7.99

Grade 6 $98.40 guide set (student & teacher guides)

$127.81 guides + novels set Adam of the Road

The Door in the Wall

The Adentures of Robin Hood

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Adam of the Road $7.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Door in the Wall $6.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Adventures of Robin Hood $7.99

(student and teacher guides & novels)

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Heading Goes Here

King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table $7.99

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Grade 7 $98.40 guide set (student & teacher guides)

$135.37 guides + novels set (student and teacher guides & novels)

The Trojan War

Anne of Green Gables

The Bronze Bow

The Hobbit

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Trojan War $8.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Anne of Green Gables $9.95

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Bronze Bow $8.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Hobbit $10.99

Treasure Island

The Wind in the Willows

As You Like It

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Treasure Island $9.95

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Wind in the Willows $9.95

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 As You Like It $9.95

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer $9.00

Grade 8 $98.40 guide set (student & teacher guides)

$135.30 guides + novels set (student and teacher guides & novels)

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Literature

Grade 9 $98.40 guide set (student & teacher guides)

$140.10 guides + novels set (student and teacher guides & novels)

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

Beowulf the Warrior

The Hound of the Baskervilles

A Midsummer Night's Dream

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight $12.00

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Beowulf the Warrior $10.95

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Hound of the Baskervilles $11.00

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 A Midsummer Night's Dream $9.95

Romeo & Juliet

The Scarlet Letter

Julius Caesar

Pride & Prejudice

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Romeo & Juliet $5.95

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Scarlet Letter $8.95

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Julius Caesar $7.95

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Pride & Prejudice $9.95

Grade 10 $98.40 guide set (student & teacher guides)

$129.55 guides + novels set (student and teacher guides & novels)

Grade 11

15% OFF

$61.18 set (text, student, teacher, quizzes & tests)

$113.43 complete set (all books + streaming instructional videos)

The Divine Comedy Student Guide $18.95 Teacher Guide $18.95 Quizzes & Tests $5.50 The Divine Comedy $21.00 Streaming Instructional Videos $55.00

Mix and match any 10 or more individual Memoria Press literature guides and receive 15% off your literature guide purchase!

Use coupon code LITGUIDE at checkout!

Grade 12 $98.40 guide set (student & teacher guides)

$154.30 guides + novels set (student and teacher guides & novels)

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Literature

A Tale of Two Cities

Hamlet

Macbeth

Anna Karenina

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 A Tale of Two Cities $11.95

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Hamlet $8.95

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Macbeth $7.95

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Anna Karenina $30.00

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Alternate Literature Options

The Moffats Grades 3-4

My Side of the Mountain Grades 4-5

The Twenty-One Balloons Grades 5-7

The Magician's Nephew Grades 5-7

Little Women Grades 8-9

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Moffats $7.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 My Side of the Mountain $7.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Twenty-One Balloons $7.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Magician's Nephew $9.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Little Women $14.95

Henry IV, Part 1 Grades 9+

Henry V Grades 9+

King Lear Grades 9+

The Merchant of Venice Grades 9+

Wuthering Heights Grades 9+

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Henry IV, Part 1 $5.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Henry V $9.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 King Lear $7.95

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 The Merchant of Venice $7.95

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Wuthering Heights $8.99

Literary and Rhetorical Terms Grades 9+ | $10.95 This handy companion book is a compilation of all the literary and rhetorical terms used in our upper school literature guides.

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Jane Eyre Grades 9+

Canterbury Tales

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Jane Eyre $11.95

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Canterbury Tales $12.95

Grades 9+

To Kill a Mockingbird Grades 9+

Robinson Crusoe

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 To Kill a Mockingbird $15.99

Student Guide $12.95 Teacher Guide $12.95 Robinson Crusoe $10.00

Grades 9+

Literature

85

Befriending Books

by Leta Sundet

I

was going to write an essay about why everyone should read Jane Austen's novels. I was going to make an impassioned case that her books are not just the smart girl's romance novels or guides for men seeking to understand the female mind but truly great books, as insightful in their way into the nature of reality and the human soul as Homer or Dante's poems.

But I realized that, in general, the only people persuaded by those arguments (probably the only people who read those arguments) are the people already convinced.

Instead, what to say to the person who wouldn't read that essay—to the person who says of a book (Austen or otherwise), "Look, I tried. I just couldn't get into it. Why waste time reading what I know I won't appreciate?

I'll pick something else that will actually do me some good." I understand the logic—I've used it many times.

We tend to be somewhat utilitarian in our approach to literature. We're interested in what we can "get out" of books—whether information, a moral vision, a jolt of conviction, or simply entertainment, wish-fulfillment, escape. We generally know which we want at any given time, and before we invest in a book we want to know what the book will deliver. If we find, as we read, that a book is not delivering, we discard it.

None of the above are bad reasons to read. Reading, as a leisure activity, should to some degree be dictated by our desires. But if we think of our literary lives merely in terms of brief encounters that are either worthwhile or not, that either succeed or not, we miss the fact that neither people nor books really work that way. To truly know a person takes a real investment of time, attention, and even affection. People reveal themselves over time in response to curiosity and love.

Good books are no different.

I want to make a case that we should think of our relationships with texts as relationships—that we should be in the business of cultivating friendships with books. Since my own most potent experience of literary friendship thus far has been with one of Austen's novels, I'll use it as a touchstone. But the way her novels work on a reader over time teaches us how all great texts work. If we bring to our reading the virtues that we bring to friendship—charity, attention, patience, long-suffering—books reward us the way that human friendships reward us: with more than we expected to "get out" of them, with more than we thought to ask for from them—with unanticipated challenge, surprising understanding, unexpected delight.

Leta Sundet is a doctoral candidate in literature in the Institute for Philosophic Studies at the University of Dallas. She received her M.A. in theology and letters from New Saint Andrews College, and also received an M.A. in English literature from the University of Dallas.

Her dissertation research explores narrative surprise in the work of Jane Austen, Isak Dinesen, and Flannery O'Connor.

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Heading Goes Here

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Mansfield Park was my gateway book to Austen. I read most of it on a plane home for Christmas break in college—a cheap edition I'd picked up somewhere. I can't remember why I suddenly decided to read it. I hadn't managed to get through any of Austen's other novels.

I sympathized—painfully so—with the heroine of Mansfield Park, Fanny Price—with her anxiety and social awkwardness; but I also felt all that was compelling in her rival, Mary Crawford, who is so effortlessly charming. So I was surprised, more than surprised, when Fanny Price got her happy ending. I was deeply touched that Austen would consider this little nobody of a character and her happiness.

It felt like the time when I was six years old playing tag with a bunch of kids and this little girl I barely knew slipped her hand into mine and wanted to be my friend. I remember the sudden glow of heart, the feeling of gratitude. You're with me?

Many people find Austen's novels very easy to make friends with. They're cheerful, they're witty, and they make you feel intelligent while you read them—like a good friend should. But Mark Twain also spoke for many people when he said of Austen's novels, "[H]er books madden me so that I can't conceal my frenzy … and therefore I have to stop every time I begin. Every time [sic] I read Pride and Prejudice I want to dig her up and beat her over the head with her own shin-bone."

What I'm most intrigued by is "every time"—by the fact that apparently Twain kept right on trying to read Pride and Prejudice. Was he a glutton for self-punishment? Did someone keep forcing him to make yet another attempt? Or did he find something compelling about it even though he detested it? Was this his grudging attempt to be friends?

My second or maybe third reading of Mansfield Park was for an Austen class in grad school; I wrote a long, rambling paper defending the "villain" of the piece, Henry Crawford, convinced Austen had a soft spot for him because I had a soft spot for him. I wanted the book to say things it didn't quite say. I felt the novel's stubbornness, though I wouldn't acknowledge it. After that paper was finished, I didn't read the novel again for a while—it had left a bad taste in my mouth.

It's hard to feel a book or friend set their jaw like a bulldog and resist you. Joseph Conrad addresses the 1-502-966-9115

following to readers who "demand specifically to be edified, consoled, amused; who demand to be promptly improved, or encouraged, or frightened, or shocked, or charmed" by his stories: My task which I am trying to achieve is, by the power of the written word, to make you hear, to make you feel—it is, before all, to make you see …. If I succeed, you shall find there according to your deserts: encouragement, consolation, fear, charm—all you demand; and, perhaps, also that glimpse of truth for which you have forgotten to ask.

As convicting as these words are, they also give me hope. Eventually, however bad a reader you might be, a book will give you that for which you "forgot to ask."

The greatest texts are written to require re-reading— that is, to reward our friendship. With any thing of real depth, be it art or human, misunderstanding and inadequate understanding are part of the process of coming to know the thing. And the affection that develops from giving that thing attention over a long period of time likewise transforms the way we see. To read something with love is to read it with new eyes.

You know what moves me deeply about Mansfield Park, even as I write this? The thought of what happens after the novel is over. It's a novel about mothers, I realize more and more, about a terrible lack of mothers, about a girl who longs for a mother but maybe more deeply than that longs to be a mother and has no one to be a mother to. And when, at the end, Austen with typical Austen reticence just touches on a future, just brushes with her little finger a vision of the future in which this character's person and story at last blossom into full life, I feel burning behind my eyes and in my throat. Oh my friend. My friend.

When people talked about good books getting better with time, I used to nod and agree without realizing what they meant. I thought you just noticed more things on subsequent readings, or maybe your own life experience contributed to a better understanding.

I didn't realize that a book could become a life-long companion with all that that entails: that it could astonish, disappoint, delight, speak hard words, frustrate, reassure, refuse to talk to you, suddenly speak too much at once, be unpredictable, be steadfast, be a continual, changing object of wonder.

Befriending Books

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Poetry Poetry for the Primary Stage Grades K-2 | $9.95 Your child will be delighted by the whimsy and inspired by the beauty of the beloved poems in our Poetry for the Primary Stage anthology. These selections are perfect for family read-aloud time or memorization practice.

Poetry for the Grammar Stage Grades 3-7

$46.27 set (student, teacher, anthology)

Student $15.95 Teacher $17.95 Anthology $17.50 Our illustrated anthology is the perfect companion for this study guide, which includes vocabulary work and comprehension questions, and beginning concepts of poetry analysis. Poems increase in difficulty as students move through the book in each year of the grammar stage.

Poetry & Short Stories: American Literature Grades 7+

$50.28 set (student, teacher, anthology)

Student $16.95 Teacher $18.95 Anthology $19.95 Revisit the Old World elegance of Irving's prose and the range of Poe's romanticism.

Enjoy the Fireside Poets—Longfellow, Whittier, and Holmes. Rediscover the rich, varied authenticity of American literature with this anthology and study guide.

The British Tradition Poetry, Prose, & Drama (Book I): The Old English & Medieval Periods Poetry & Prose (Book II): The Elizabethan to the Neoclassical Age Poetry (Book III): The Romantic to the Victorian Age Grades 8+ | $50.28 set ea. (student, teacher, anthology) Student $16.95 ea. | Teacher $18.95 ea. | Anthology $19.95 ea.

Did you ever wish you didn't have to sort through all the thousands of poems that have been written over the years to find the best of the best? Cheryl Lowe has done the work for you in these British poetry anthologies, from legendary knights to staid victorians. Use our accompanying study guides for a full-year course that guides students into a deeper understanding of the most important and influential poetry, prose, and drama in the British tradition.

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Sacrificial

BY LEIGH LOWE

Friendship IN CHARLOTTE’S WEB

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harlotte's Web, written by E. B. White in 1952, is a quintessential book for children.

While conveying important truths about the nature of people and the world, it is also an imaginative, happy story about life on a family farm. The book gives us a clever glimpse into the lives of our animal friends while beautifully describing nostalgic childhood experiences like attending state fairs, visiting barnyards, and making your first friends. Charlotte's Web points out what is miraculous in the often underappreciated experiences of everyday life. It exquisitely details the changing seasons of both land and life. While there are a number of meaningful themes in this book, one of the most profound is sacrificial friendship.

The idea of sacrifice is likely a familiar virtue to children, hopefully discussed in the context of their faith. It is important, however, that students truly understand the idea and know what it means practically. Sacrifice means that something must be given up. It is the necessary surrender of something desired for the happiness or well-being of another.

Sacrifice naturally involves a loss—but, importantly, contributes to a greater gain.

Charlotte's Web beautifully demonstrates the idea of sacrifice in three key relationships. By explicitly discussing what is given and what is gained in each, students can see more tangibly what sacrificial friendship truly looks like.

The relationship between Fern, a young girl, and Wilbur, a newborn piglet and the runt of the litter, is the first example we see of sacrificial friendship. Fern, outraged by the injustice that awaits Wilbur, saves him from an untimely death. She courageously stands up to her father and fights for Wilbur's survival. Fern loves Wilbur instantaneously—like the love of a parent for a child. She doesn't love him on his merits—she doesn't even know him except as the victim of a perceived injustice. She simply loves him for being him, and soon, for being hers.

After winning an argument with her father, Fern quickly dignifies Wilbur's mere existence by giving him the "most beautiful name she could think of" and by further committing to his physical and emotional well-being. Fern nurtures the runt pig with (adorable) acts of mercy and love—she feeds, shelters, and clothes Wilbur, and later, visits him when her father insists he be moved to the Zuckermans' farm. Fern is courageous and Leigh Lowe consults on curriculum, trains teachers, and speaks publicly about classical education and the vision of Memoria Press and Highlands Latin School. Leigh is the daughter-in-law of Cheryl Lowe, founder of Memoria Press and Highlands Latin School. Leigh worked closely with Cheryl for years as a teacher, editor, and writer.

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tenacious in protecting Wilbur from the very beginning. She sacrificially gives her time, energy, and affection to Wilbur and he receives from her not just life, but an enchanted life, one that introduces him to another special, loving friend. Fern's model of friendship is the seed that bears much fruit as the story progresses. Wilbur, learning from Fern (and later Charlotte), knows what to look for in a friend and, ultimately, how to be one.

We also see sacrificial friendship in the relationship between Charlotte and Wilbur. After his move from the Arable home to the Zuckermans' farm, Wilbur finds himself "friendless, dejected, and hungry." One dreary, rainy day he bemoans as "the worst day of his life," he wonders whether he can "endure the awful loneliness any more." But then Charlotte appears and Wilbur is blessed with the promise of an unexpected new friendship. Charlotte takes up the mantle from Fern to protect Wilbur. Her contribution to Wilbur's happiness and safety is just as significant and just as providential.

She is uniquely qualified to serve Wilbur both by her talent and by her temperament.

Charlotte is a genuine friend to Wilbur from the outset. Importantly, she is consistently honest with him—sometimes lovingly revealing hard truths about the nature of the world. She acknowledges, for instance, that she is "'not entirely happy about [her] diet of flies and bugs, but it's the way [she's] made.'"

Similarly, she cedes to the old sheep that Wilbur is at risk of being "turned into smoked bacon and ham"—but with her next breath declares that Wilbur will not die for she will save him. Resolute in her commitment to save Wilbur from his inevitable fate as a pig, Charlotte is dependable, bold, and wise.

Even when she doesn't have a plan, she breeds hope and confidence with matter-of-fact imperatives. She routinely admonishes Wilbur: "never hurry and never worry."

Ultimately, Charlotte recognizes that her special ability as a weaver is precisely the thing that can save Wilbur. She fulfills her natural purpose by using her good gifts in a miraculous way—and also by taking advantage of the "mercy" that "people are very gullible."

While she calls her true magnum opus the creation of her web sac filled with 514 eggs, Charlotte's pinnacle feat for Wilbur happens at the State Fair, where she weaves above the radiant pig a web that wisely reads: 92

Sacrificial Friendship in Charlotte's Web

"humble." When both Charlotte and Wilbur are at the height of personal glory, the reminder to stay "low to the ground" is the message that hangs boldly in the air: They are not to give way to pride. The true victory for each is better than a blue ribbon.

In her final act for Wilbur, Charlotte is "languishing," giving all that she has for her friend.

But content in her service, confident in Wilbur's fate, and secure in the knowledge that her children will be safe in her friend's care, Charlotte is prepared to breathe her last. Before she expires, Wilbur asks her with gratitude, "Why did you do all this for me? I don't deserve it." Charlotte responds, "You have been my friend …. That in itself is a tremendous thing."

Wilbur now knows what it truly means to be a friend. Echoing Scripture, which tells us that "Greater love has no one than this, than to lay down one's life for his friends," Wilbur says to the dying Charlotte: "You have saved me, Charlotte, and I would gladly give my life for you …." But that is not to be. So instead, he does all he can to give life to her legacy by protecting and loving her babies.

To do this, Wilbur makes an oath to give the unsavory Templeton the best from his trough in exchange for his desperately needed help in retrieving Charlotte's egg sac.

Once retrieved, Wilbur extends to the children kindnesses reminiscent of those he received from Fern and Charlotte. He loves and protects them all before they are even born, struggling in hope and charity for their safety. Though 511 children quickly fly away after crawling out of the sac, three of Charlotte's daughters stay, choosing their mother's "hallowed doorway" as their home.

Overjoyed, Wilbur names them Joy, Aranea, and Nellie. In the classical tradition, he educates them by passing on the culture of the barnyard and sharing stories that reveal the notable virtues of their beloved mother. Wilbur makes a commitment to the children: He pledges his friendship to them "forever and ever." This is a promise they return.

Consequently, hope springs eternal. "As time went on … [Wilbur] was never without friends," for "Charlotte's children and grandchildren and great grandchildren, year after year, lived in the doorway." They all lived happily—ever after.

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