Atmosphere Precipitation Distribution Analysis by Ground-based GPS Remote Sensin

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Frontier of Environmental Science September 2015, Volume 4, Issue 3, PP.86-90

Atmosphere Precipitation Distribution Analysis by Ground-based GPS Remote Sensing in Fujian Weihua Pan† Fujian meteorological institute of science, Fuzhou, 350001, China †

Email:panwh@tom.com

Abstract In this work, the ground-based GPS data in Fujian province was used to remote sense atmospheric precipitation PWV value, and dynamically analyzed the spatial pattern of PWV value, combined with meteorological data, in order to quantitatively analysis the relationship between the GPS remote sensing of atmospheric precipitation and the local rainfall. The results showed that the ground-based GPS remote sensing atmosphere precipitation data could be detected the distribution pattern and the variation characteristics of water over Fujian, and playa good indication role in dynamic monitoring of the change of the precipitation process. Moreover, it could be found plenty of PWV content was a necessary but not sufficient condition of precipitation in the comparison of atmosphere with precipitation PWV of the specific station and the practical of the precipitation, also was closely connected with the local thermodynamic lifting condition. PWV changes were not necessarily closely corresponding to the station of precipitation, but it had a positive effect in the local station with the occurrence of precipitation. Keywords: Ground-based GPS Data; Atmospheric Precipitation; Local Rainfall; Remote Sense; Fujian

福建省地基 GPS 遥感大气可降水量 的分布特征分析 ∗ 潘卫华 福建省气象科学研究所,福建 福州 350001 摘 要:利用福建省地基 GPS 数据遥感全省的大气可降水量 PWV,动态分析 PWV 值的空间格局变化规律,并结合气象 资料,对 GPS 遥感的大气可降水量与局地降水之间关系进行了定量分析。结果表明:地基 GPS 遥感的大气可降水量资料 可监测福建上空的水汽空间分布格局和变化特征,对于动态监测全省降水过程的变化有着很好的指示作用。在与具体测 站的大气可降水量 PWV 和实际降水的对比分析中可以发现,充足的 PWV 含量是产生降水的必要非充分条件,还与局地 的热动力抬升条件密不可分。PWV 的变化并不一定与测站的降水量密切对应,但与以测站为中心的局地降水的发生有着 高度相关性,有着很好的预示作用。 关键词:地基 GPS;大气可降水量;局地降水;遥感;福建省

引言 水汽是大气中的一种重要成分,其空间分布极不均匀且时间变化很快,在大气的物理/化学过程中发挥 着重要作用,影响着辐射平衡、能量输送、云的形成和降水。水汽的潜能是大气从赤道向两极输送能量的 重要机制,潜能的释放对大气的垂直稳定度、暴风雨的形成和演变以及地、气系统径向辐射能量平衡有显 著的影响[1-5]。当 GPS 发出的信号穿过大气层中对流层时,受到对流层的折射影响,GPS 信号要发生延迟, ∗

基金资助:受福建省自然科学基金项目(2013J01152)和福建省科技计划重点项目(2014Y0041)支持资助。 - 86 http://www.ivypub.org/fes


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