Management Science and Research December 2014, Volume 3, Issue 4, PP.118-129
An Empirical Study of Financial Distress Prediction of Listed Companies in China ——Based on the Naï ve DD Model of Bharath & Shumway (2008) Yi Cui, Yulan Cai # School of Business Management, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China #Email: cylan1985@163.com
Abstract The marked-based Merton DD model has become one of the main methods of financial distress prediction. As an important improvement of the Merton DD model, the naïve DD model of Bharath & Shumway (2008) has been widely used abroad. However, our researchers are more favorable of the KMV model. By analyzing three consecutive years of data about the ST companies in our A-share market in 2014, we tested the applicability of the naïve DD in our country and concluded that the simply calculated naïve DD can significantly identify the ST and non-ST companies. Besides, it is an important predictor of financial distress as well as the Z-Score. Apart from that, there is an instable consistency between the naïve DD and the Z-Score, and the joint of them can significantly improve the prediction performance. In addition, we also found a positive correlation between the naïve DD and the asset volatility, which is contrary to the theoretical expectations. Keywords: Financial Distress; Prediction; Naïve DD Model
我国上市公司财务困境预测的实证研究 ——基于 Bharath & Shumway (2008)的 naïve DD 模型 崔毅,蔡玉兰 华南理工大学工商管理学院 广州 510640 要:基于市场信息的 Merton DD 模型已成为企业财务困境预测研究的主流方法之一。作为 Merton DD 模型的重要改
摘
进,Bharath & Shumway (2008)的 naïve DD 已被国际学者普遍采用,但国内学者却比较青睐于 KMV 模型。通过我国 A 股 市场 2014 年被 ST 的上市公司连续 3 年的数据分析,我们实证研究了 naïve DD 模型对中国上市公司财务困境预测的适 用性,结果发现:(1) 计算相对简单的 naïve DD 能显著地识别出 ST 与非 ST 公司;(2) naï ve DD 与 Z-Score 都是预测企业 财务困境的重要因子,二者间有着不稳定的一致性;(3) 联合利用这二者的信息能显著地提高预测效果。此外,还发现 naïve DD 竟与资产波动性呈同向变动关系,这违背了其理论预期。 关键词:财务困境;预测;naïve DD 模型
引言 财务困境 (Financial distress)又称“财务危机 (Financial crisis)”、“财务失败 (Financial failure)”,最严 重的财务困境是“企业破产(Bankruptcy)”。企业因财务困境导致破产实际上是一种违约行为,所以财务困境 又可称为“违约风险(Default risk)”(吴世农和卢先义, 2001)[1]。自 Beaver (1966)[2]使用财务比率预测企业失 败的研究以来,企业财务困境预测引起了财务会计界经济学家的极大兴趣(Altman, 2001)[3]。当前,预测和管 理企业财务困境越来越成为企业经营、投资决策和贷款决策的一个重要组成部分(Beaver et al., 2011)[4],股东、 债权人以及企业员工都对财务困境或即将破产的风险给予高度的重视。 - 118 www.ivypub.org/MSR