Scientific Journal of Earth Science June 2013, Volume 3, Issue 2, PP.29-40
Environmental Problems and Variable Characteristics of Karst Water in Northern China Yongpin Liang, Weitai Wang, Chunhong Zhao, Wei Wang Institute of karst geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin, Guangxi 541004 Email: lyp0261@sina.com
Abstract Karst groundwater of Northern China with characteristics as high concentration degree, dynamic stability and good water quality, it provides water supply for local city life, industrial and agricultural production. In recent 30 years, along with the change of natural surrounding and the intensified human activities; the input-structure-transport forms-output was changed fundamentally. As a result, a big amount of springs dried up, another’s flux had a dramatically degradation, regional karst groundwater level declined, water contaminated and quality deterioration. And all these direct results brought a lot of hydro-geological problems such as karst collapses, ground fissures, seawater intrusion, lower of travel function and lost of ecological function, etc. Finally, it will aggravate the situation of human requirement for more and more water, threaten water security directly, and even affect society stability. This article according to investigation and data sorting, summaries problems of hydro-geological environment and its development trend of karst area in Northern China, and take some typical case to illustrate the problem, aim at attract attentions of people and government, to promote the protection of karst groundwater and provide reference for programme setting and research at the same time. Keywords: Northern China; Karst Groundwater System; Environmental-geological Problem
中国北方岩溶水变化特征及其环境问题* 梁永平,王维泰,赵舂红,王玮 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/国土资源部 壮族自治区岩溶动力重点实验室,广西 桂林 541004 摘
要 : 我国北方岩溶地下水以集中程度高、动态稳定、水质良好成为当地重要的城市生活及工农业生产供水水源。
近 30 年来,随着自然条件改变和人类活动强度的加大,岩溶水系统从输入—结构—水资源要素转换关系-输出均发生变 化,岩溶泉水干涸、流量大幅度衰减、区域岩溶地下水位持续下降、水质污染且总体趋向恶化并带来诸如岩溶地面塌陷、 地裂、海水入侵、旅游功能降低、生态功能丧失等诸多的岩溶水文地质环境问题,加剧了水资源需求日趋紧张的状况。 本文根据实地调查资料和前人成果的综合分析,对北方岩溶水变化特征及其环境问题进行初步归纳总结,采用一些典型 事例加以说明,意在引起社会各界对此问题的关注,加大岩溶水资源保护力度,同时,也为广大学者开展相关立项与研 究提供参考依据。 关 键 词 : 中国北方; 岩溶水系统; 环境地质问题
引言 北方岩溶水所固有的集中程度高、动态稳定、水质良好的属性,不仅成为 30 多个地市级以上城市和 100 多个县级城市以及广大岩溶山区乡村人畜饮用水、数十个大中型火电厂冷却用水,北方 70%以上大型煤矿生 活、生产用水和上千万亩农田灌溉用水水源,同时不少泉水由于其丰富的历史和文化内涵、独特自然景观成 *
国土资源部公益性行业科研项目:中国北方岩溶区地下水环境问题成因机制与保护对策研究(编号:200811022) - 29 http://www.j-es.org/