Frontier of Environmental Science June 2015, Volume 4, Issue 2, PP.71-76
Cold Half Pressure Type LPG Ship Re-liquefied System Operation Mode Research Zhengming Tong, Jiayong Bao#, Bo Zhou, Jiadong Zhu, Juncheng He College of Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China #
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Abstract With the growing use of the liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), fast development of liquefied gas transportation at sea, the demand for LPG ship at home and abroad are greatly increased. Lots of cold half pressure type LPG has been manufactured by our country. Re-liquefied system is avery important equipment on this kind of ship. In order to provide references for the design of the liquefaction system. Based on the types of working medium, choosing matched refrigerating cycle. By derivation, the theoretical formula is calculated two-stage compression and single-stage compression system. Through thermodynamic calculation of thermodynamic parameters, through analyzing and comparing different liquid working medium under different design pressure and the capacity of refrigeration coefficient, provide references for the design of the re-liquefaction system. Keywords: LPG Ship; Cold Half Pressure; Re-Liquefied System; Two-Stage Compression
半冷半压式液化石油气船再液化系统热力研究 童正明,包佳勇,周勃,祝佳栋,贺军成 上海理工大学,上海 200093 摘 要:随着液化石油气(LPG)使用量日益增长,海上液化汽运输正飞速的发展,使得国内外对 LPG 船的需求急剧增加。 其中,半冷半压式 LPG 船则是国内制造较多的船型,再液化系统则是该船型的关键设备。为再液化系统的设计提供参考, 从 LPG 船可以运输的液货工质种类入手,选择相适应的制冷循环类型。通过推导,得出两级压缩和单级压缩系统理论循 环的热力计算公式。经过计算得出循环的热力参数。通过分析比较不同液货工质在不同设计压力下的制冷系数,给出系统 中液货罐设计压力的选择办法。 关键词:再液化系统;液化石油气船;半冷半压式;两级压缩
引言 液化石油气(LPG)船在液货运输时,液货罐内外温差很大,外部的热量不可避免地传入罐内,导致液货 受热蒸发。当液货罐内压力达到特定值时,再液化系统启动,将高压液货蒸汽液化,使罐内压力降低。 液化石油气(LPG)船的再液化系统一般采用两级压缩制冷循环系统,其中压缩机多采用单机双级压缩, 此类压缩机的高、低压级的排量比已被生产厂家固定下来,为 1:3 和 1:2 两种。然而在实际的使用中,实际 排量比并不一定都符合这两种情况。如仍按照固定的排量比使用,会使压缩机处于不合理的运行工况,导 致压缩机效率降低,能耗上升。近年液化石油气(LPG)船逐渐发展为多用途的液化汽运输船,可运送像丙烷、 丙烯、氨、丁烷等多种化工原料液化气。由于这些液货在常压下的蒸发温度差别较大,采用两级压压缩制 冷系统合理,还是采用一级压缩制冷系统合理都是不同的。 国内大多数海工企业都是根据国外的设计单位,给定的设计压力来选取液货罐,少有资料分析这个设 计压力是如何选取的,本文将通过对不同设计压力的再液化系统热力计算,从而得出的制冷系数,以此为 液货罐设计压力的选择提供方法。 - 71 http://www.ivypub.org/fes