Education Research Frontier September 2014, Volume 4, Issue 3, PP.73-87
Gosumitsuki: Reconstruct the Traditional Pattern of the Game between Japan and America Taiyong Chen College of History, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R.China School of Foreign Languages, Beijing Institute of Science and Technology Zhuhai, Zhuhai P.R.China Email: sunbelt777@sina.com
Abstract The traditional pattern of game between Japan and America was from top to bottom, from principal to subordinate. In another word, who is the real "Okami" that whose "Gosumitsuki" is authoritative both in the aspect of psychological and nomological. Try hard to become others' Okami in that to govern the others and command others, which could strengthen the authority for its Gosumitsuki in a large extent game between Japan and America started from the event named "Perry Expedition". Japan had to open the country after Perry Expedition, which made the relationship between Japan and America tight. Until 1991, relationship between Japan and America from 1854 in the period of more than 100 years was a kind of game history between them. The game between Japan and America was circling in their shifted role transformation; the diplomacy of Japan was shuttling back and forth in coordinate and independent, and the target goal of its "torpid diplomacy" is also the national interest.Game with America made Japan have accomplished the motion veer and psychology veer when facing to America in the amae construction formed in traditional culture which stemed from the specific words in Japanese, meanwhile continually appeal the national interest in the transformation. Keywords: Gosumitsuki; Game between Japan and America; Traditional Pattern; Torpid Diplomacy; Pro-American Diplomacy
御墨付:再造日美博弈的传统模式 陈太勇 武汉大学 历史学院, 湖北 武汉 430072 北京理工大学珠海校区 外国语学院, 广东 珠海 519088 摘
要:日美博弈的传统模式是“上—下”、“主—从”博弈。就是谁才是真正的“御上”,谁的“御墨付”才具备心
理上和法理上的权威性的问题。努力成为他者的“御上”,从而统辖他者,向他者发布“手谕”,使己之“御墨付”在 更大范围内具有权威性。日美博弈始于“黑船来航”事件。在“黑船叩关”后,日本被迫开国,日美关系紧张。从 1854 年到 1991,百年日美关系史就是百年日美博弈史,日美博弈在此消彼长的角色转换中轮回着,日本外交在“协调”和 “自主”中穿梭,其“蛰伏外交”的终极目标亦是国家利益,与美博弈就在日语特有词汇中所孕育的传统文化所形成的 宠赖建构中得以完成了对美的感情转向和心理转向,在转向中不变地诉求国家利益。 关键词:御墨付;日美博弈;传统模式;蛰伏外交;亲美外交
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先行研究综述
1.1 本课题的导入:日语传统词汇文化建构下的宠赖心理模式 “御墨付”(Osumitsuki)在日语里是一个非常特殊的词汇,传承了武家时代的诸多文化因子。《广辞苑》 对“御墨付”释义有二:其一为(日本室町时代和江户时代幕府或大名颁发给臣下的)有花押的文书;其 - 73 www.erfrontier.org