DIGITAL DESIGN + FABRICATION SM1, 2016 SLEEPIING POD
MENGYAN YU (732107) TIM #3
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1.0
Ideation
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1.1 Object: Measured drawing set of selected object.
sketch of plan measured obejct whenr minial expansion, miduim expamsion and maxiumal expansion
sketch of elevation measured obejct whenr minial expansion, miduim expamsion and maxiumal expansion
Physically measured This object is composed by 18 sticks and the height of each stick is 900mm each stick is shaped in cylinder and the cap diameter of each stick is 6mm, the interceptions of each stick are connected by joints hence the movement of the object. The sticks are measured by ruler and protractor at three different statements. Due to this object is actually dynamics, three statements have been chosen: the minimal expansion, the medium expansion and the maximum expansion.
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digital model of plan measured obejct whenr minial expansion, miduim expamsion and maxiumal expansion
digital model of plan measured obejct whenr minial expansion, miduim expamsion and maxiumal expansion
The Digital Model process has 5 main steps.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
draw a cylinder rotate ( 2D )to the angle which have be measured in the front view polar array in the top view (9 items, 360 degrees) draw another cylinder which is located next to the first cylinder has been drew rotated and polar array in the same way with step 2 and 3
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1.2 Object + System Analysis:
This diagram shows the relationships between angles and the height of the object. The angles between intersections of the sticks become bigger while the height of the object become short, a reciprocal relationship. In addition, from the top view, at different stage, the central angle is constant, always 40 degrees.
Analysis Diagram
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1.2 Volume:
The most impressive system in the object is the pin joint and the expansion and contraction. In addition, the volume is created by the overlapping the first layout which is composed by four quadrilateral. The reason of using quadrilateral is that this shape has good flexible capacity; and there are four main axes, other angles can separate out.
The elevation of Sketch Model, the four main aixes are highlighted.
The plan of Sketch Model when the model is contracted.
The plan of Sketch Model, quadrilateral face is highlighted.
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1.3 Sketch design proposal: Sketch Design 1: People always feel unsafe when someone or something approach them directly from the front ,to avoid this, the longest part is the front part; while the side part is longer than back part. in addition, the personal space is also according to the relationship, if user feel safe, they can make is shorter. Sketch Design 2 Personal space might be invaded by sound, this design directly avoid noise. the longer part is to avoid the user to be marooned in the middle by two people who talking to each other, avoid the feeling of freezing. Sketch Design 3 The eye contact can invade personal space. So this design cover the eyes so the user cannot invade others’ personal space, in addition, the outer cube can make a feeling of nonhuman, so people might not pay attention on the user,the personal space is protected.
Sketch Concept 1
Sketch Concept 2
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Sketch Concept 2, the ear details
Sketch Concept 3
Sketch Concept 3, the blockae details.
Feedback to M1 1.Good analysis of a simple structure, identifying the two twisting systems and investigating the hinging pivot points. 2.Sketch model good, could have been constructed better, and appreciate the brief analysis of your model. 3.Sketch models, perhaps lacking depth, as the object “effect� of the designs realizable however the practical application will need more rigor. Perhaps lacks the movement of the original object. Can the space shape vary as well when overlapping more layers? 4.Presentation of Journal a letdown, attention needs to paid to font size hierarchy and formatting.
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Sketch Model of our team
Photo taken by Xuanly, Edited by Mengyan
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Photo taken by Hao, Edited by Mengyan
2.0
Design
Hao,Mengyan,XuanLy 2.1 Design development intro:
The main conception of our design is to blockage the sight and hearing to ensure the personal space and the design can move and contract. In addition, the situation which is considered to use the sleeping pod is the campus causing there is a finding that student always sit on chairs and have a snap, the most uncomfortable issue is the neck feels ache. As a result, the main purpose in to design a sleeping pod which can use when user is sitting and the head is covered, the neck is supported
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2.2.1 the first design
The first design as the rhino and sketches show can support the neck and separate the head weight to the shoulder part. The head part can also expand from the each side. This design also inspired by the neck brace. We think this is simple and easy for user and very suitable for the student. However, there is a serious issue here, that is the merely focuses on the neck supporting and blockage of the head and we totally forget to connect the design to the sketch model in the M1 and our material system; the only thing similar to our sketch models might be this design can move, additionally, the front personal space should also be considered. As a result, we reproduce a design with the same conception which mentioned in 2.1.
Sketch of the first deisn, when it open and close,
Digital Model of the first deisn,Top, front and perspective view ( modeled by Xuanly).
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2.2.2 The second design
We back to the sketch model in the M1 and try to meagre them. So we took the sketch model of Hao’s design as the head part which can open from the side (show in the figure), the front personal space is follow the rule of Xuanly’s and mine which forms two triangles at the front of body. At this stage, the function of our design is achieved while the design itself looks like separated components to merge together. We need to merge it and make something like section& profiles or skin and bones, we need to find a precedent image to stimulate our brains.
Sketch of the second deisn, when it open and close,
Digital Model of the secoond deisn,Top, front and perspective view ( modeled by Xuanly).
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2.3 Precedent research The TRIVISX Sculpture
This sculputure is suprisingly convertible. Depending on the viewpoint, the laser-incised and twised airplane plywood formis a cicire, a pair of wings or a hyperobol paraboloid. The most interesting part of this sculpture is each component twists with one axis while each one points at different directions; the repetition also creates 3D volume. We change the each component as the polygons composed by triangles (inspired by the sketch model of Xuanly’s and mine); each angle is a pin joint. The body part which in the second design is change to the polygons and there is a main axis from the left shoulder to the right and all the polygons components are fixed on it through the centre of themselves.
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polygons composed by triangles
2.4 Design proposal Precident research apply on design
we use th repetition apply on the different distance along an axis,we also created different sizes of the sam parttern being formed by pin and joint movment, we managed to create articulating joints that allows movenment in our sleeping pod.
The mian axis from back view
The body part
The movement of head part The oerall look from fornt view
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Digital Model of the imprved deisn,Top, front and perspective view ( modeled by Xuanly, figure edited by Mengyan).
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Prototype of the imprved deisn,Top, back and perspective view ( modeled by Hao , figure edited by Mengyan).
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3.0
Fabrication
Hao,Mengyan,XuanLy
3.1 Fabrication intro
This design might be too simple and the movement of design is always out of control that is each component always rotate 360 degree and cannot stop hence the design tends to be mess. This issue must be solved. So we think about� two layers “solution.
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3.2 Design development & Fabrication of prototype v2:
The outer layer is fixed layer and the inner layer is flexible layer. When the user move head, the inner layer will rotate while stop by fixed layer; at the same time, the head part will also go down to cover the user’s face.
In addition, to make sure the whole piece can sit on the users’ body, we decide use the weight of the body part to pull down the whole structure, therefore we change the position of the holes in each component from centre to 1/3; hence the body part become longer to pull down the structure.
The fixed layer
The intter layer
Prototype of two layer design (modeled by Hao,photo taken by Hao, figure edited by Mengyan)
Then: 1/2 hole Now: 1/3 hole
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Digital Model of the imprved deisgn with two layer,Top, front and perspective view ( modeled by Xuanly,Mengyan, figure edited by Mengyan).
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3.3 .1Design development
By observe the Rhino, we realise that this design might be unstable on user’s body. As a result, we add the shoulder part at the left to fix the structure on user’s body. In addition, therefore, the whole weight can be separated from the body (right side) and the shoulder (left side). In addition, the material of this prototype is MDF instead of balsa sticks, we want to try this material and then decide what is the final material. Data Measure We use the prototype 1 in the M2 to measure the row data. We divide the whole structure in to 4 parts,Body, Ear, Head A, Head B, Head C and Shoulder part.Causing we know the relationships in the each part so we use triogonometric functions in Excel to get the whole, specific Data. Holes sizes are also tried to suit the component joints, or at least create sizes of holes that are more standard so it is easier for us to look for a suitable component joint. We tried hole sizes of 2.0mm (Seen in our first concept model), 3.2mm (seen in our prototype concept) as well as 3mm which is what we decided on using for our final design.
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BODY
B C EAR
F The shoudler part design show a series change of componets
The lables which correspond to the data table of one component
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HEAD A
A HEAD B
Diameter=3mm HEAD C
Width=75mm The constant data about each sticks
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Hight=3mm
SHOULDER
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
EF
EF
EF
EF
EF
EF
230 245 260 275 290 305 320 335 350 365 380 395 410 425 90 100 110 120 130 140 130 140 150 160 170
140 150 160 170 180 220 210 200 190 180 140 162 184 206 228 250 272 294
BC
BC
BC
BC
BC
BC
176.19 187.68 199.17 210.66 222.15 233.64 245.13 256.62 268.12 279.61 291.10 302.59 314.08 325.57 68.9 76.6 84.3 91.9 99.6 107.2 99.6 107.2 114.9 122.6 130.2
107.2 114.9 122.6 130.2 137.9 168.5 160.8 153.2 146 138 107.25 124.10 140.95 157.81 174.66 191.51 208.36 225.22
AB
AB
AB
AB
AB
117.46 125.12 132.78 140.44 148.10 155.76 163.42 171.08 178.74 186.40 194.06 201.73 209.39 217.05 34.5 38.3 42.1 46.0 49.8 53.6 49.79 53.62 57.45 61.28 65.11
53.6 57.5 61.3 65.1 68.9 84.3 80.4 76.6 73 69
AE
AE
AE
AE
AE
AB AE 53.62311 62.0496 70.47609 78.90258 87.32907 95.75556 104.182 112.6085
153.33 163.33 173.33 183.33 193.33 203.33 213.33 223.33 233.33 243.33 253.33 263.33 273.33 283.33 45 50 55 60 65 70 65 70 75 80 85
70 75 80 85 90 110 105 100 95 90 70 81 92 103 114 125 136 147
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
76.67 81.67 91.67 96.67 101.67 106.67 111.67 116.67 121.67 126.67 131.67 136.67 141.67 45 50 55 60 65 70 120 130 0 150 160
130 140 150 160 170 210 200 190 180 170 70 81 92 103 114 125 136 147
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
58.73 62.56 66.39 70.22 74.05 77.88 81.71 85.54 89.37 93.20 97.03 100.86 104.69 108.52
A
34.5 38.3 42.1 46.0 49.8 53.6
B
103.92 112.58 121.24 129.90 138.56
C
112.58 121.24 129.90 138.56 147.22
D
181.9 173.2 164.5 156 147
E
53.62 62.05 70.48 78.90 87.33 95.76 104.18 112.61
The specific mesured data, at the top is one of the equition haveF been used.
Digital Model of the imprved deisgn with shoulder, Top and perspective view ( modeled by Xuanly, figure edited by Mengyan).
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3.3.2Prototype Optimisation
Laser Cutting We separate each component as a single 2D rectangle stick, and we mark it into different groups hence it is systemic and logical to assembly. At this time we use Rhino Nest to place our 2D sticks as tightly as possible. In addiion, grosshopper is also used to help us to find the position of 1/2 and 1/3 holes. Joints At start, we try to 3D print the pin to connect each stick while the pin is too small and 3D print material always sticks together. Hence we managed to fid nuts and bolts with nylocks that has the function of a stopping mechanism to lock onto the bolt. We decided to use them in our final development as our form of component joints for our structure. Axis Instead of using sticks as in the Prototype 1, we use the three main wires to connect the structure. Between each wire, we use tape connect it. Before this we also tried to use 3D print the main axis, however, the 3D printing machine is not capable to print out a long curve which brought us to decide on making segmented joints instead of having one overall axis printed out
The digital model of 3D print from thingiverse.com The nesting of laser cutting
The final nuts and bolts with nylocks
Grosshopper
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The single stick in nesting board
The axes we used in Protoype 1(modeled by hao)
The 3D printed axes we tried
3.3 .1Fabrication of prototype v3
Prototype2, from right and left veiw (model maden by Hao and Mengyan, Photo taken by Xuanly, eited by Mengyan)
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3.4 Final Prototype development/ optimisation
Scale We also find another problem is that the scale of the head part and body part seems to be too small. The head part seems to appress on the users head and there no spaces provide the possibility for the users to move their heads. At our original start point, we hope the users can move their head in our design and support the neck hence we scale the head part twice and add 5 more components in the body part.
The material which needs to Opal be changed is circled
Material The prototype 2 is too heavy hence the user feels uncomfortable, which is too heavy to wear so we decide to change the material to Perspex; another reason of change material is that Perspex looks really fine and nice, additionally, it also provides a less rigid and overpowering structure as its translucency blends in subtly into the environment. In addition, there is an issue of the head part. That is causing top front head structures being longer than the bottom ends of the head structure, it causes the structures to drop down towards the person’s head even though the user has not yet to lie on it. Although we change the whole material to Perspex, the unbalance still hence the Opal is taken. Therefore, the head part should not tend to drop down. Laser Cutting We firstly twice the data in the Excel then change in the Rhino. The angles at the corners are too sharp hence hurt the user therefore we fillet the angles to with the radius 3.75. in addition, we abandon the Rhino Nesting due to we spent huge time on finding the corresponding sticks in one component and then regroup them in to one section. In addition, for more efficiency, we make the space between each sticks be 0, that is, the sticks are side to side.
The detailed change of each sticks
The arrows indicate the movment direcions of head part and it makes user uncomfrtable
The Opal used in the head front part The final nesting which is more order
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Cube We also use small cube, this is used to prevent the component to move on the axis in parallel direction with the axis. Axis The connection of the axis is a huge problem. We try to use the curve shape to connect whole structure while the collision will happen. Therefore, we decided to use stick to connect each component then join them together to form an overall structure. the connection we used is firstly taped them then wires twined around, However, it seems to be a poor solution, the whole piece is easy to broke. We finally find the alluvium sticks, this material is allow you to curve but still rigid, therefore, the design is fully connected, this due to our lack knownledge about material systems. The digital model of the cube
The different axes in the protype2 and prototype 3.
The final prototype changed after M3, which is a whole al-
The cubes used to fix connections.
luvium stick
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3.5 Final Rhino
Digital Model of final from right perpecive, left perspective, top view on body mesh.(modeled by Xuanly, Hao, figure edited by Mengyan)
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Digital Model of final from right perpecive, left perspective, top view(modeled by Xuanly, Hao, figure edited by Mengyan)
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3.6 Fabrication sequence:
We prepared our materials and tools needed to construct our final design. Firstly, we put all the sticks in their categories which are based on alphabets. We then sorted them in groups of their own segments within their categories to be assembled individually
After sorting them out, we formed the pattern structures using nuts and bolts. We then grouped them into their respective segments to be combined. As for the head structure, we spry painted part of the structure to blend into the overall design.
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We tested out on the articulation of the head structure. The progress was well on its way when the top half structure managed to drop down when the user exerted pressure by laying backwards against the head structure. We made the extension of the structure to further cover the face of a user as a form of blockage of sight.
We assembled the segments along axes before putting them together as an overall concept. We continued to create axis that hold the outer second layer together in progress towards assembling one another together. Lastly, we combined the segments together to form an overall structure using sticks as the axis and wires to coil it around for extra support.
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3.7 Assembly Drawing:
The head part
The whole design
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The body part
The inner layer
The fixed layer
The single component
The single stick
The shoulder part
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3.8 Completed 2nd Skin:
The final prototype under different situatuin: when the user is move her head or not.
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4.0
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Reflection
It is a wonderful experience to have such a good team and work with my team members, and this subject also teaches me lots of thing about design. From the whole process from the design to fabrication, the changes always happen, the issues always occur. They only solution is to solve them, figure them out. For example, the main axis of our design changes at least three times; the size of the holes in the sticks change at least 4 times, the design itself has redone twice. All these situations teach me that, design is about solving problems, different solutions need to be tried therefore the best way could be found. Consequently, I need to be more patient during the design process in all subjects. The team cooperation skills are also enhanced. The most important thing is “listen”. Different people has different ideal, listen others ideas and their advices about my ideal, I’m always enlightened by my group member. I also learnt how to communicate with each other when we had different ideal; we can combine our ideals instead of abandoning the whole ideals. Design and fabrication needs cooperation, team work is a really important component of it. Through the whole semester, I learnt lot skills about Fabrication. I have known more about the material system. In addition, I have also leant a lot about Rhino; this will also help me a lot in further study, complicated digital model could be constructed in Rhino instead of Sketch-up. Furthermore, I become more familiar of using Fablab that is how to laser cutting (firstly know about 3D print, the Rhino template for laser cutting); the InDesign skills also be improved significantly. As an architecture student, it is significant important to use software. According to Marble (2008) , CNC play a significant role in Architecture design, if I can use the software, digital skills more proficient, the risk will be reduce. During our prototype making, there are sequences of un-predetermined issues such as loss of components in the laser cutting template, therefore the outcomes is unintegrated. Therefore, the digital fabrication skills like the “craft “ skills, use digital technology to work and make with material, additionally, the lack of effective connection between designer and factory workers needs architect use digital technology more precise therefore, the structure, the aesthetic, finance, emotion can be convey to the worker. This subject tells me the importance of it and I really need improve this part.
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5.0
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5.1 Credit
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5.2 Bibliography Marble, S 2008 ‘Imagining Risk’ In P Bernstein, P Deamer (eds). Building the Future: Recasting Labor in Architecture/, Princeton Architectural Press, New York, pp 38-42 The TRIVISX Sculpture retrived from https://uk.pinterest.com/pin/360710251375634887/
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