Llyfryn Enwau Lleoedd Brycheiniog a Maesyfed by Mentrau Iaith

Enwau Lleoedd Brycheinog a Maesyfed

Place names of Breconshire and Radnorshire

Cynnwys/Contents

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Cyflwyniad i Frycheiniog a Maesyfed An introduction to Brecknock and Radnorshire Termau cyffredin mewn enwau lleoedd Common terms in place names Prif drefi De Powys Main towns of South Powys Y Llannau The Llans Mynyddoedd Mountains Afonydd Rivers Llynnoedd ac Argaeau Lakes and Reservoirs Termau cyffredin mewn enwau tai a ffermydd Common terms in house and farm names Diolchiadau a llyfryddiaeth Thanks and references

Cyflwyniad i Frycheiniog a Maesyfed An introduction to Brecknock and Radnorshire

Brycheiniog Sefydlwyd Brycheiniog yn y 5ed ganrif gan fudwyr o Iwerddon. Enwyd y deyrnas ar ôl un o’r arweinwyr cynnar, sef Brychan. Roedd Brychan yn fab i Anlach, mudwr o Iwerddon oedd wedi priodi Marchel, aeres Garth Madrun, teyrnas gyda’i chanolbwynt yn Nhalgarth.

Brycheiniog was founded in the 5th century by settlers from Ireland. The realm was names after Brychan, an early leader. Brychan was the son of Anlach, an Irish settler who had married Marchel, the heiress of Garth Madrun, a kingdom believed to have been centred in Talgarth.

Maesyfed Sefydlwyd Maesyfed yn dilyn y Deddfau Uno yn yr unfed ganrif ar bymtheg o hen ardaloedd Elenydd, Gwrtheyrnion, Maelienydd ac Elfael. Ystyr ‘maes’ ydy ‘cae’ neu dir agored, ac fe ddaw ‘yfed’ o enw person, ‘Hyfaidd’, hynny yw, Maes Hyfaidd.

Maesyfed was formed as a shire following the Acts of Union in the 16th century, made up of the old commotes of Elenydd, Gwrtheyrnion, Maelienydd and Elfael. The name is derived from ‘maes’ meaning field or open land, and ‘yfed’, which is derived from the name ‘Hyfaidd’ – Hyfaidd’s field.

Menter Brycheiniog a Maesyfed Mae Menter Iaith Brycheiniog a Maesyfed yn hybu defnydd yr iaith Gymraeg yn y gymuned. Rydym ni’n gwneud hyn drwy greu a chryfhau rhwydweithiau, grwpiau a digwyddiadau Cymraeg er mwyn galluogi pobl i ddefnyddio’r iaith yn eu bywydau pob dydd.

Menter Iaith Brycheiniog a Maesyfed is an organisation that promotes the use of Welsh in the community. We do this by creating and supporting Welsh language networks, groups and events to enable people to use the language in their daily lives

Enwau Lleoedd Brycheinog a Maesyfed - Place names of Breconshire and Radnorshire

Termau cyffredin mewn enwau llefydd Common terms in place names

Aber

Mouth of a river

Aberhonddu, Abergwesyn

Bach (fach/fechan) Small

Pontneddfechan, Llandefaelog Fach

Bryn

Hill

Llanfihangel Bryn Pabuan, Brynmelyn

Bwlch

Gap or pass

Bwlch, Bwlch-y-sarnau

Cae

Field

Caehopcyn, Pen-y-Cae

Castell

Castle

Castell Paen, Trecastell

Cefn

Ridge

Cefn-gorwydd, Cefn Cantref

Celli (gelli)

Grove

Y Gelli Gandryll, Pencelli

Craig

Rock (crag)

Craig y nos, Pencraig

Crug

Mound

Crughywel, Crucadarn

Cwm

Valley

Cwmdu, Glascwm,

Dôl

Meadow

Dolau, Doldowlod

Dŵr

Water

Cwmdeuddwr, Gwenddwr

-fa

place of -

Bleddfa, Brechfa

Fan

Summit/peak

Pen-y-fan, Fan Fawr

Ffordd

Way/road

Fforddlas, Penge(f )nffordd

Garth

Enclosed hill

Garth, Garthbrengy

Gwern

Marsh (or alder trees) Gwernyfed, Llanwern

Llan

Church

Llanandras, Llandefalle

Llwyn

Bush

Lloyney, Llwyn-madoc

Llys

Court

Bronllys, Llyswen

Maen

Stone

Llechfaen, Bryn y Maen

Maes

Open field

Llan-faes, Maesmynis

Mawr

Big

Alltmawr, Fforest Fawr

Melin

Mill

Felinfach, Felindre

Mynydd

Mountain

Llanbadarn Fynydd, Mynydd Troed

Nant

stream

Llanfihangel Nant Hodni, Nantddu

Pen

Head

Penybont, Pennorth

Pont

Bridge

Pontsenni, Talybont-ar-Wysg

Pwll

Pool

Pwllgloyw, Pwll-y-wrach

Rhos

Moorland

Rhosgoch, Penrhos

Tal

Brow/end

Llanfihangel Talyllyn, Talgarth

Tre(f)

Town

Gwystre, Tretŵr

Tŷ

House

Beguildy, Mynachty

Y / Yr

The/The (before a vowel)

Y Groes, Tref-y-clawdd

Enwau Lleoedd Brycheinog a Maesyfed - Place names of Breconshire and Radnorshire

Trefi Brycheiniog a Maesyfed Towns of Brecon and Radnorshire Aberhonddu

Brecon

Crughywel

Crickhowell

Y Gelli Gandryll

Hay on Wye

Llanandras (Presteigne)

Presteigne

Eglwys Andras. Mae’r enw Saesneg hefyd yn awgrymu’r eglwys, yn meddwl ‘gwaun yr offeiriaid’!

The church of Andrew. The English name also hints at the church, meaning ‘meadow of priests’!

Llandrindod

Llandrindod Wells

Mae’r afon Honddu yn cwrdd â’r Wysg ar gyrion y dref. Mae’r enw Saesneg, Brecon, wedi’i seisnigeiddio o ‘Brycheiniog’, enw teyrnas Brychan.

Daw enw’r dref o fryngaer Oes Haearn cyfagos, Crug Hywel.

Nodwyd y drefedigaeth yma yn wreiddiol fel Haya, o bosib y gair Hen Saesneg am dir wedi’u hamgau yn y goedwig. Cofnodir enw Cymraeg yn 1215, sef Gelli. Yn hwyrach, ychwanegwyd ‘Gandryll’, o bosib yn meddwl rhandiroedd ar gyfer amaeth.

Eglwys y Drindod. Enw gwreiddiol yr eglwys a’r plwyf oedd Llanddwy, neu eglwys Duw. Newidiwyd hyn nes ymlaen i’r Drindod.

Mouth of the river Honddu. The English name, Brecon, is probably anglicised from ‘Brycheiniog’, the name of the kingdom of Brychan.

The town takes its name from the nearby Iron Age hill fort, Crug Hywel, meaning Hywel’s mound or hill.

The settlement here was originally recorded as Haya, possibly the Old English term for an enclosure, possibly in a wooded area. In 1215, a Welsh name for the town is recorded – Gelli, meaning grove. Later, Gandryll was recorded after Y Gelli, which could mean ‘shattered’ or ‘fragmented’ – possibly land divided into plots.

Church of the Trinity. The original name of the church above the town and the parish was Llanddwy (church of God), but this changed to Trinity later.

Llanfair ym Muallt

Eglwys Mair yn y Buellt – yr elfen ‘bu’ fel yn ‘buwch’ a ‘buarth’, a ‘gellt’ neu ‘gwellt’, sydd wedi troi’n ‘buallt’, o bosib oherwydd dylanwad y gair ‘allt’.

Builth Wells

Church of Mary in the Cow Pasture. Buallt (from which we derive Builth) comes from ‘bu-‘ (buwch, cow) and ‘gellt’ (grass).

Rhaeadr Gwy

Y rhaeadr ar yr afon Gwy. Roedd ar un adeg rhaeadr drawiadol yma, ond fe dorrwyd sianel dŵr newydd wrth adeiladu pont yn 1780.

The waterfall on the river Wye. There was once an impressive waterfall here, but a water channel was dug when a new bridge was built in 1780.

Tref-y-clawdd

Knighton

Y tref ger Glawdd Offa. Weithiau mae’n cael ei alw’n Trefyclo, gyda phwyslais Cymraeg ar y sillaf olaf ond un.

Town by the dyke – Clawdd Offa. Sometimes pronounced ‘Trefyclo’

Ystradgynlais

Ystrad yr afon Cynlais. Daw Cynlais o ‘cŷn’ a ‘glais’ ond o bosib yn yr achos yma enwir yr afon ar ôl person.

Vale of the river Cynlais. Cynlais is thought to come from cŷn (chisel) and glais (stream), but in this case it could be a personal name.

Y Llannau / The Llans Fforest Clud/Radnor Forest

Y Llannau

The Llans

Fforest Clud

Radnor Forest

Yn aml iawn, gwelir enwau llefydd yng Nghymru sy’n dechrau gyda ‘Llan’ – mae’n debyg bod gan Frycheiniog a Maesyfed mwy na digon! Credir bod dau ystyr posib i ‘llan’ – yr un mwyaf cyffredin, sef eglwys neu blwyf, neu ystyr posib arall, sef sefydliad cynnar iawn. Fel arfer, mae enw sant yn dilyn ‘llan’, fel y gwelir yn Llanandras neu Llangynidr. Weithiau, gair i ddisgrifio’r ardal sy’n dilyn, er enghraifft Llanfaes, Llangors. Hefyd, gwelir yn aml gyfuniad o’r ddwy elfen, er enghraifft, Llanbadarn Fynydd a Llanfihangel Tal-y-llyn.

Yn ôl traddodiad lleol, roedd draig olaf Cymru yn byw yn Fforest Clud, oedd yn peri llawer o ofid i drigolion yr ardal. Felly, penderfynwyd adeiladu cylch o bedair eglwys o amgylch y ddraig i’w charcharu. Cysegrwyd y pedair eglwys hynny (sef eglwysi Llanfihangel Cefn-llys, Llanfihangel Rhydieithon, Llanfihangel Nant Melan a Llanfihangel Casgob) i’r archangel Sant Mihangel, sy’n gorchfygu’r ddraig yn y Beibl. Dywedir y byddai’r ddraig yn deffro eto pe dinistrid unrhyw un o’r pedair eglwys.

There are many place names in Wales which start with the element ‘Llan’ – Brecon & Radnorshire seem to have more than their fair share! It is thought that there are two possible meanings to ‘llan’ – the most common being church or parish, the other possible meaning being an early enclosed settlement. Usually, this is followed by a saint’s name, as seem in Llanandras or Llangynidr. Sometimes, it could be a description of the location, for example, Llanfaes, Llangors. Also, you will often see a combination of these element, such as in Llanbadarn Fynydd and Llanfihangel Tal-y-llyn.

According to local tradition, the last dragon in Wales lived in Fforest Clud (Radnor Forest), where unsurprisingly, it caused quite a few problems for the residents. They decided to build a circle of four churches (Llanfihangel Cefn-llys, Llanfihangel Rhydieithon, Llanfihangel Nant Melan and Llanfihangel Casgob) to surround and trap the dragon. These four churches were dedicated to the archangel Michael, who overcame the dragon in the Bible. It is said that the dragon will wake if any of these churches is destroyed.

Enwau Lleoedd Brycheinog a Maesyfed - Place names of Breconshire and Radnorshire

Brycheiniog

Maesyfed

Llanafan-fawr

Llanandras

Llanafan Fechan

Llananno

Llanbedr Ystrad Yw

Llanbadarn Fynydd

Llanddew

Llanbadarn-y-Garreg

Llanddewi Nant Hodni/Llantony

Llanbedr Castell-Paen

Llanddewi’r Cwm

Llanbister

Llandetty

Llandegle / Llandegley

Llandeilo’r Fân

Llandeilo Graban

Llandyfaelog Fach

Llanddewi yn Hwytyn / Whitton

Llandefalle

Llanddewi Ystradenni

Llaneglwys

Llandrindod (Wells)

Llanelieu

Llanelwedd

Llanfaes

Llanfaredd

Llanfair-ym-Muallt/Builth Wells

Llanfihangel Dyffryn Arwy

Llanfechain

Llanfihangel Helygen

Llanfeugan

Llanfihangel Nant Melan

Llanfihangel Brynpabuan

Llanfihangel Rhydieithon

Llanfihangel Nant Brân

Llangunllo

Llanfihangel Tal-y-llyn

Llansanffraid Cwmteuddwr

Llanfilo

Llansantffraed-yn-Elfael

Llanfrynach

Llansteffan / Llanstephan

Llangamarch (Wells)

Llanllŷr-yn-rhos / Llanyre

Llangasty

Llanwrthwl

Llangatwg / Llangattock Llangeneu / Llangenny Llangors Llangynidr Llanhamlach Llaneigon / Llanigon Llanllywenfel/Garth Llansanffraid Llansbyddyd / Llanspyddid Llanwrtyd Llanynis Llanwysg Llanywern / Llanwern Enwau Lleoedd Brycheinog a Maesyfed - Place names of Breconshire and Radnorshire

Mynyddoedd Mountains

Y Bannau Pen-y-fan Corn Du Fan Brycheiniog Cribyn Waun Rydd Fan Hir Fan Fawr Fan Gyhirych Fan y Big Fan Nedd Fan Llia Fan Frynych Craig Cerrig-gleisiad Cefn yr Ystrad

886m (2907ft) - head/top of the peaks 873 m (2,864ft) – black horn 802m (2632ft) – Brycheiniog (Brecknock) Peak 795m (2609ft) – little ridge/comb 769m (2524ft) – free/open heath 760m (2494ft) – the long peak 734m (2409ft) – big peak 725m (2379ft) - peak near the Gyhirych stream 719m (2360ft) – beak-shaped peak 663m (2176ft) - peak near the Nedd stream 632m (2074ft) – peak near the Llia stream 629m (2064ft) – Brynych peak 629m (2064ft) – rock of salmon-coloured stone 617m (2025ft) – Ridge of the flat valley

Y Mynyddoedd Duon Waun Fach Pen y Gadair Fawr Pen Allt-mawr Twyn Llech Pen Cerrig-calch Twmpa Mynydd Llysiau

811m (2662ft) – small heath 800m (2626ft) – head/top of the big chair 719m (2359ft) – Top/head of the big wooded hill 703m (2307ft) - Known as Black Mountain – stone ridge 701m (2300ft) - Top/head of the chalk stone 680m (2232ft) - Known as Lord Hereford’s Knob – tump/hump 663m (2176ft) – mountain of fruit

Mynyddoedd y Cambria/Cambrian Mountains Drygarn Fawr Pen y Gorllwyn

641m (2104ft) – Big three cairns 613m (2012ft) – top of the large grove

Enwau Lleoedd Brycheinog a Maesyfed - Place names of Breconshire and Radnorshire

Fforest Clud/Radnor Forest Rhos Fawr Y Domen Ddu Bryn Bach

660m (2166ft) – Known as Great Rhos - The large moor 650m (2133ft) – the Black Mixen 610m (2002ft) – Known as Bache Hill - the small hill

Tommy Jones Ar ochr Corn Du mae yna gofgolofn i Tommy Jones, mab pump oed i löwr yn y Rhondda aeth ar goll ar y Bannau yn y flwyddyn 1900. Roedd y bachgen wedi dilyn ei gefnder yn ôl at fferm Cwm Llwch lle’r oedd ei famgu a’i dadcu yn byw, ond wedi colli ei ffordd yn y tywyllwch. Daethpwyd o hyd i’w gorff ar ôl i wraig o Aberhonddu ei weld mewn breuddwyd.

On the edge of Corn Du is a memorial stone to Tommy Jones, a five year old miner’s son from the Rhondda. On a visit to his grandparents’ farm in the Beacons in the year 1900, Tommy became separated from his cousin in the dark. His body was only found a month later, after a lady from the Brecon area saw its location in a dream.

Mynyddoedd Mountains

Epynt (ep-, hynt)

Ar ddechrau’r Ail Ryfel Byd roedd angen tir ar gyfer hyfforddi ac ymarfer magnelaeth. Dewiswyd Mynydd Epynt ac ardal lai o faint i’r gorllewin, sef Mynydd Bwlch y Groes. Cymerwyd tua 12,000 hectar yn 1940, a elwir o hynny allan ‘Sennybridge Training Area’. Bu rhaid gadael 54 o gartrefi, ysgol gynradd, capel a thafarn y Drovers a gorfodwyd 219 o bobl i symud o’r gymuned Gymraeg ei hiaith. Effaith gwasgaru cymdogaeth Epynt oedd cyflymu dirywiad yr iaith ym Mrycheiniog.

Brynglas

Roedd brwydr Bryn Glas ar Fehefin 22ain, 1402, rhwng Tref-y-Clawdd a Llanandras. Daeth dynion Owain Glyndŵr i wynebu byddin Mortimer a nifer o ddynion lleol yr oedd wedi recriwtio i ymladd. Wrth i’r ddwy ochr gwrdd, trodd y rhan o fyddin Mortimer a gyfansoddwyd o denantiaid Maelienydd i ochr Glyndŵr i’w helpu i orchfygu byddin y Sais. Ystyrir y frwydr fel buddugoliaeth fwyaf Glyndŵr, ac o’r herwydd fe barhaodd yr wrthryfel Cymreig am ddegawd arall. Roedd rhan helaeth o eglwys Pilalai fel y gwelir heddiw yn sefyll adeg y frwydr, ond gafodd ei losgi gan ddynion Glyndŵr.

(Mountain crossed by a horse-path)

At the beginning of World War II the War Office needed land for training and artillery practice. Mynydd Epynt and a smaller mountain to the west of it, Mynydd Bwlch-y-groes, were selected. Around 12,000 hectares were requisitioned in 1940 and the area became known as the Sennybridge Training Area. 54 homes, a primary school, a chapel, and the Drovers Arms inn had to be vacated and 219 people were obliged to leave. It was an area where the primary language of the residents was Welsh and the scattering of this community led to the rapid decline of the language in Breconshire.

(Green hill)

The battle of Bryn Glas was fought on June 22nd, 1402, between Knighton and Presteigne. Owain Glyndŵr’s men faced the forces of Mortimer and a number of local men he had recruited. Glyndŵr’s men had a prime position at the top of the hill, but were outnumbered. As the two sides met, the proportion of Mortimer’s army made up of the tenants of Maelienydd switched sides and helped Glyndŵr defeat the English forces. The battle is remembered as one of Glyndŵr’s greatest victories and helped prolong the Welsh rebellion for another decade. Much of Pilleth church as it is seen today was standing at the time of the battle, but was burned by Glyndŵr’s forces.

Enwau Lleoedd Brycheinog a Maesyfed - Place names of Breconshire and Radnorshire

Afonydd Rivers Mae nifer o enwau’n afonydd yn dod o eiriau Celtaidd ac maent yn aml yn disgrifio natur yr afon. Dyma rhai enghreifftiau o Frycheiniog a Maesyfed.

Many river names derive from Celtic words, and often provide a description of the nature of the river. Here are some examples of this from Breconshire and Radnorshire.

Wysg

Usk

Gwy

Wye

O’r hen Gymraeg, ‘uisc’, sef llawn pysgod.

Afon droellog, yn gysylltiedig â’r gair ‘gŵyr’.

Honddu

From the Old Welsh, ‘uisc’, meaning full of fish.

A winding river. Relating to the Welsh ‘gŵyr’ meaning ‘bent’.

Honddu

Afon dymunol, o’r gair ‘hawdd’.

From the Welsh ‘hawdd’ – pleasant river.

Nant Brân

Crai

Grwyne (Fawr/Fechan)

Afon sy’n tarddu mewn man gwlyb, gwern.

A river with it’s source in a wet or habitually flooded area. From the Welsh ‘gwerni’, meaning swamps.

Elan

Nant dywyll fel y frân.

Afon arw, crai.

Afon sydd yn symud fel yr elain.

Crawnon

Nant neu gwm y craf.

A stream which is dark like a crow (brân).

A rough, tumbling stream. Crai is Welsh for fresh or raw.

‘Elain’ is Welsh for a hind or a fawn. This seems to describe the rushing, bounding course of the river.

Crawnon

Comes from the Welsh ‘Nant Crafnant’, valley/stream of wild garlic.

Enwau Lleoedd Brycheinog a Maesyfed - Place names of Breconshire and Radnorshire

Taf/Tawe/Tefeidiad(Teme) Mae’r enwau yma i gyd yn rhannu gwreiddyn cyffredin yn meddwl ‘llifo’n dywyll’.

Dulais

Du (black) + Glais (stream)

Taf/Tawe/Tefeidiad(Teme) All of these are likely to come from the same Celtic root meaning ‘dark flowing’.

Dulais

Du (black) + Glais (stream)

Cilieni

Llyfni

Ithon

Nant yn tarddu mewn man cul. Afon sy’n llifo’n llyfn. Afon swnllyd neu barablus – o’r gair ‘iaith’.

Stream rising in a narrow valley. From the Welsh, ‘llyfn’, meaning a smooth stream Afon swnllyd neu barablus – o’r gair ‘iaith’.

Llugwy

Mellte

Afon clir a disglair, o’r gair Celtaidd, ‘lug’, sef golau. Afon sy’n codi a gostwng fel y mellt. Gam) er mwyn i eneidiau’r ddau llifo ynghyd byth a beunydd.

A bright or clear stream, from the Celtic ‘lug’ meaning light.

Mellt is Welsh for ‘lightning’ - after its tendency to rise and fall rapidly after heavy rainfall.

Enwau Lleoedd Brycheinog a Maesyfed - Place names of Breconshire and Radnorshire

Llynnoedd ac Argaeau Lakes and Reservoirs

Llyn Safaddan (Llangors) Yn ôl Gerallt Gymro, hanesydd o’r Oesoedd Canol, byddai adar Llyn Syfaddan yn canu ar gyfer gwir dywysog yr ardal yn unig. Ar yr adeg, rheolwyd yr ardal gan arglwyddi’r mers oedd yn deyrngar i Frenin Lloegr. Yn ôl yr hanes, roedd Brenin Hari I yn cerdded glannau’r llyn gyda dau arglwydd Normanaidd a thywysog Cymraeg, Gruffydd ap Rhys. Sylweddolodd y Brenin bod yr adar yn dawel, a fe’u gorchmynodd i ganu. Gwrthododd yr adar ganu ar alw’r Brenin ac arglwyddi Normanaidd hefyd ond, ar alw’r Tywysog Gruffydd ap Rhys, dechreuodd holl adar y llyn ganu.

Giraldus Cambrensis, a medieval historian, recorded a local legend that birds living around the lake would only sing for the rightful prince of the area. At this time the area was ruled over by marcher lords faithful to the king of England. One day the King Henry 1st was walking along the lake’s shoreline in the presence of two Norman lords and the Welsh prince Gruffydd ap Rhys, but he noticed that all the birds were silent. He then commanded them to sing – they ignored him, and the Norman lords, but when Prince Gruffydd ap Rhys asked them the birds began to sing in a noisy chorus!

Cwm Elan Tua diwedd y bedwaredd ganrif ar bymtheg, roedd y Birmingham Corporation angen dŵr yfed glân i ganolbarth Lloegr. Dechreuwyd yr Elan Valley Water Scheme i’r gorllewin o Raeadr Gwy, gan adeiladu yn y man cyntaf tri argae: Caban Coch, Pen-yGarreg a Chraig-Goch. Ar y pryd roedd cant o bobl yn byw yng Nghwm Elan i’w symud allan, ond dim ond y tirfeddiannwyr cafodd eu digolledi.

Towards the end of the nineteenth century, the Birmingham Corporation needed drinking water for the Midlands. Elan Valley Water Scheme was started to the west of Rhayader, initially building three dams: Caban Coch, Pen-y-Garreg and Craig-Goch. There were a hundred occupants of the Elan Valley who needed to be moved, but only landowners received compensation.

Effeithiwyd deunaw o ffermdai a bythynnod, ysgol, eglwys a dau plasdy. Mae bellach chwech argae yn dal uchafswm o 345.5 miliwn litr o ddŵr, yn gwasanaethu ardal Birmingham hyd heddiw.

The scheme affected eighteen cottages and farmhouses, a school, a church and two manor houses. There are now six dams with a total capacity of 345.5 million litres, which continue to supply the Birmingham area.

Termau cyffredin mewn enwau tai a ffermydd Common terms in farm and house names

Element

Translation

Examples

allt

wooded slope/hillside

Alltmawr, Alltcerrig, Gwarallt

beili

yard/enclosure

Beiliddol, Beiligwern, Beiliau

blaen

front/bank

Blaenaumawr, Blaenderyn, Blaenbwch

bron

bank

Bronyrefail, Bronnydd, Brongarth

byr/fyr/fer

short

Dolfyr, Cwmbyr, Cwmhydfer

carreg/cerrig

stone (s)

Alltcerrig, Carregffynnon, Carregywen

canol/ganol

middle

Ty Canol, Llwyncanol, Cefn Fedw Ganol

cae

field

Caemeriel, Pencaefadog, Penmincae

carn/garn

cairn

Garnycastell, Carnwain, Garnfawr

cefn

ridge

Cefenceido, Cefnserwydd, Cefnbrith

celyn

holly

Llwyncelyn, Plas Celyn, Pant-y-Gelynen

cil

narrow place

Ciloerwynt, Cilmaeowydd, Cilfodig

coch/goch

red

Penrhiwgoch, Felincoch, Gochgarreg

coed

wood

Tyncoed, Yscoedreddfyn, Coed Swydd

cwm

valley

Cwmcrogi, Cwmhindda, Cwmgwrgi, Cwmsafien

dan

under

Danywenallt, Danygraig, Dan-y-comin

derw/derwen/deri oak(s)

Cwmderw, Dderw, Doldderwen

dol

meadow

Doliago, Dolhelfa, Dolmenyn, Dol-y-Bongham

du/ddu/duon

black

Frondorddu, Wernddu, Drain Duon

dŵr

water

Porthmorddwr, Clwydwaundwr, Glandŵr

erw

acre

Erwddalen, Erw’r Henallt, Erwgilfach

esgair

ridge

Esgairanell, Esgairwy, Esgair Rhew

ffos

ditch/dyke

Ffosyrhwyaid, Ffosyrhyddod, Ffos-y-bar

ffynnon

well/spring

Ffynnon Gwydde, Ffynonorgan, Plas-y-Ffynnon

glan

bank

Aberglanhirin, Glandulas, Glanhaffes

glas/las/gleision

green

Gellilas, Caeglas, Pantglas

gwern/wern

marsh

Wernheulog, Bwlchwern, Wernddwfwg, Gwernaffel

Enwau Lleoedd Brycheinog a Maesyfed - Place names of Breconshire and Radnorshire

gwyn/wyn/wen/ gwynion

white

Brynbedwen, Aberhenwen, TÅ· Gwyn

hafod

farm (summer dwelling)

Hafodyrancr, Hafod-y-Pant, Hafod y Garreg

hen

old

Hengwm, Neuaddhen, Henfryn

hir

long

Hirdir, Wernhir, Hirnant

isaf

lower

Cwrt-isaf, Garth isaf, Pwll isaf

llannerch

clearing

Llanerchpesgi, Llanerchcoedlan, Llannerch y Cawr

llwyd

grey

Neuaddllwyd, Vronganllwyd, Gwernllwyd

llwyn

bush

Llwyncwtta, Llwynpiod, Llwynmerched, Llwynberried

llyn

lake

Lundy, Llanbwchllyn, Treflyn

maes

field

Maescarnog, Maestrayloe, Pantymaes

melyn/felen

yellow

Caenantmelyn, Darrenfelen, Pencaemelyn

melin/felin

mill

Nantyfelin, Dolyfelin, Felincoed

nant

stream

Camnant, Nantserth, Nantymynach, Nantydefaid, Trinant, Trosnant

neuadd

hall

Neuadd Blaenduhonw, Neuadd Fadog, Twynneuadd

newydd

new

Tainewydd, Cwmnewydd, Felinewydd

onnen

ash tree

Tyronen, Onnen Fawr, Caeronnen

pant

hollow

Pant-drain, Pant-y-blodau, Pantioityn, Pant-y-corred, Tynpant, Pantycaragle

pen

end/top of

Penllech, Penyrheol, Penawyr

perth/berth

hedge

Berthably, Pethyduon, Dolberthog

pwll

pool

Pwllyrhwyaid, Pwllacca, Pwllgwilym

rhiw

hill/slope

Rhiwiau, Pen Rhiw Garn,

rhyd

ford

Rhydgwilym, Rhydywernen, Rhydyberry

tre

town/settlement

Tregaer, Hafdre, Tre Philip

troed

foot of hill

Troedyfelen, Troedydrain, Troed-yr-Harn

twyn

hillock

Twynyfelin, Twynneuadd, Twynrodyn

house

Tysegr, Bwlchytywynt, Tylleici

tyle

slope

Tylellwyd, Tyleglas, Tylebrythos

ysgubor

barn

Ysgubornewydd, Ysgubor Fawr, Hen-ysgubor

Enwau Lleoedd Brycheinog a Maesyfed - Place names of Breconshire and Radnorshire

Termau cyffredin mewn enwau tai a ffermydd Common terms in farm and house names

Cefn-brith

Ganwyd a magwyd John Penry (156393) ar fferm Cefn Brith, Llangamarch. Ymgyrchodd Penry dros well gwasanaeth eglwysig i Gymru, ac yn yr iaith Gymraeg. Oherwydd pamffledi y gyhoeddodd yn herio’r Eglwys, fe’i cyhuddwyd o frad a bu’n rhaid iddo ffoi i’r Alban. Dychwelodd i Loegr lle parhaodd i bregethu neges Biwritanaidd, felly gafodd ei arestio ym Mawrth 1593 a’i ddienyddio ar Fai 29ain. Ystyrir John Penry fel y pregethwr Piwritanaidd cyntaf yng Nghymru.

Llwynllwyd

Llwyn-llwyd, Llanigon oedd canolbwynt y diwygiad eglwysig yn yr ail ganrif ar bymtheg. Roedd yn gartref i David Price, ac fe sefydlodd hwnnw ysgol yn ysgubor ger y fferm. Roedd dylanwad diwinyddol yr ysgol yn amlwg yn y disgyblion, yn cynnwys un o arweinyddion y Diwygiad Methodistaidd, Howell Harris, ac un o emynwyr mwyaf Cymru, William Williams, Pantycelyn. Cyfunwyd yr ysgol yn ddiweddarach gydag academi ddiwinyddol dan ofal Vavasor Griffiths o Faesgwyn, Sir Faesyfed. 20

John Penry (1563-93) was born and brought up on Cefn Brith farm, Llangamarch. He called for better Church representation in Wales, and in the Welsh language. After publishing pamphlets challenging the Church of England, he was accused of treason and had to flee to Scotland. He returned to England where he continued to preach a Puritan message. As a result he was arrested in March 1593 and executed on May 29th. John Penry is considered as the first Puritan preacher in Wales. Llwyn-llwyd, Llanigon was a centre of the Dissenting Church in the seventeenth century. It was farmed by David Price, who ran a school in a stone barn not far from the farm. The school had a big influence on the theology of its pupils, who included one of the leaders of the Methodist Revival, Howell Harris, and one of Wales’ most famous hymn-writers, William Williams, Pantycelyn. The school was later amalgamated with a theological academy run by Vavasor Griffiths of Maesgwyn, Radnorshire.

Enwau Lleoedd Brycheinog a Maesyfed - Place names of Breconshire and Radnorshire

Diolchiadau Thanks

Gyda diolch i bawb wnaeth awgrymu enwau ffermydd a rhannu gwybodaeth a hanesion.

With thanks to all who offered farm names and shared information and stories.

Hoffwn ddiolch i Gyngor Sir Powys am ei chefnogaeth wrth ddatblygu, dylunio a gwirio’r llyfryn yma.

We would also like to thank Powys County Council for their support in developing, designing and proofing this booklet.

Llyfryddiaeth

Bibliography

Defnyddiwyd y canlynol fel ffynonellau gwybodaeth wrth ymchwilio’r llyfryn hwn.

The following were used as sources of reference when researching for this booklet.

• • • • • • •

Dictionary of the Place-names of Wales; Hywel Wyn Owen & Richard Morgan; Gomer, 2007. Rhestr o Enwau Lleoedd; gol. Elwyn Davies; Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru; 1958 Welsh Place-names of Breconshire and their meanings; Dewi Davies; 1971 Y Bywgraffiadur Cymreig; Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru; http://yba.llgc.org.uk Tudalen Ymddiriedolaeth Archeoleg Clwyd Powys Archeological Trust Page; http://www.cpat.org.uk/ Tudalen Hafan Treftadaeth Powys Heritage Online page; http://history.powys.org.uk/ Tudalen Cymdeithas Owain Glyn Dŵr Society page; http://www.owain-glyndwr.cymru

Enwau Lleoedd Brycheinog a Maesyfed - Place names of Breconshire and Radnorshire

Diolch!

Thank you!

Enwau Lleoedd Brycheinog a Maesyfed - Place names of Breconshire and Radnorshire

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