Greenport Winter 2020/2021

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WINTER 2020/21

GreenPort LIVE | Supply Chain | Projects | LPG

THE CLOUD Contactless efficiency

CONTENTS NEWS

6

16 Global briefing Solar power, air quality, green warehouse

8 Product News Sustainable tractors, Hybrid RTGs, Eco forklifts

REGULARS 11 Australasia Viewpoint Dave MacIntyre examines Tauranga's waste processes

17 Future Fuels Bunker barge, Ethanol, Super hub

9 GreenPort LIVE GreenPort goes digital

22 Cruise Tallinn's sustainability drive, by Michele Witthaus

13 FEATURES

25 Africa Viewpoint Shem Oirere focuses on Egypt's Damietta Port

27 Cruise

12 Supply Chain

Susan Parker talks to HAROPA Le Havre

Peel Ports on building sustainable supply chains

14

14 Projects GreenPort talks to Navis on green Cloud based TOS

28 Opinion Isabelle Ryckbost, ESPO, talks zero emission hubs

19

19 LPG Trelleborg's business case for LPG

26 Projects Anne-Marie Causer looks at innovative port docking

29

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

WINTER 2020/21 | 3

*IFOY winner in 2020

EDITORIAL & CONTENT Editor: Anne-Marie Causer editor@greenport.com News Reporter: Rebecca Jeffrey rjeffrey@mercatormedia.com

EDITOR’S DESK ANNE-MARIE CAUSER ❘ Editor

Hello digital

It’s here, we knew it was coming, but the pandemic has expedited our progress to digital

A very happy and healthy new year to you. It’s here, we knew it was coming, but the pandemic has expedited our progress to digital.

When we talk about winners and losers post pandemic we are talking about every aspect of life, people, the economy, businesses and the environment.

When it comes to business, the winners will be those which have been able to adapt to life during the pandemic, those who can do business online, at a distance and embrace the new opportunities that digital technology brings.

Too often we hear that small ports are not able to embrace these opportunities because they do not have the finances to do so.

But they too can reap the rewards of the post pandemic era – in a less expensive way.

It’s the basics of business that count, having the right people to do the jobs, streamlining and making processes more efficient and in the process, often more sustainable.

Take the South Asia Gateway Terminal (SAGT) at the Port of Colombo in Sri Lanka which last year introduced an e-clearance system for containers in response to social distancing requirements introduced during the Covid-19 pandemic.

It says that elimination of clearing agents and the eradication of physical interaction has greatly improved efficiency at its Terminal Documentation Centre. Or Cruise Baltic’s initiative to stop producing printed brochures and leaflets and become what it calls the “First paper-free cruise network.”

Many operators have continued with their environmental initiatives and community projects, despite the pandemic.

In this issue, we take a look at how the pandemic has sped up the work to improve supply chain resilience and build sustainability.

Navis talks cloud-based TOS and some of its major advantages for greener operations, including some smaller wins that operators can get from the technology.

GreenPort is embracing the new age too. We already bring you the magazine every quarter in digital format and the weekly e-newsletter.

And in this issue, we bring you a report from our first digital event GreenPort LIVE which coincided with the launch of ESPO’s 2020 Environmental report.

We will undoubtedly be bringing you more digital events in the future so watch this space.

In the meantime, you can join in the discussion online, it's a great to keep up with the news and network. Search @GreenPortBiz on Twitter and Facebook.

And search for the GreenPort group on LinkedIn and request to join.

Keep well!

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

Correspondents Dave MacIntyre, Australasia Shem Oirere, Africa Michele Witthaus, Cruise Contributors Isabelle Ryckbost Alex Pepper Andy Barrons Andrew Stafford Production Ian Swain, David Blake, Gary Betteridge production@mercatormedia.com SALES & MARKETING t +44 1329 825335 f +44 1329 550192 Media Sales Manager: Tim Hills thills@greenport.com Media Sales Executive: Hannah Bolland hbolland@greenport.com Chief Executive: Andrew Webster awebster@mercatormedia.com Published quarterly by Mercator Media Ltd, Spinnaker House, Waterside Gardens, Fareham, Hampshire PO16 8SD Tel: +44 1329 825335 Fax: +44 1329 550192 E-mail: sales@greenport.com Website: www.greenport.com Registered in England Company Number 2427909 Registered office address: c/o Spinnaker House, Waterside Gardens, Fareham, Hampshire PO16 8SD Digital Edition: Subscription Rates: £71.50 pa For subscriptions contact amccartney@mercatormedia.com ©Mercator Media Limited 2020 ISSN: 2045-6085 (print) ISSN: 2633-4488 (online)

Cover image: Photo: Pete Linforth/Pixabay

WINTER 2020/21 | 5

GLOBAL BRIEFING

A new warehouse build has begun at DP World London Gateway that will bring more sustainability and efficiency to the UK supply chain. The 482,000 sq ft automated warehouse is a joint enterprise between the port operator and the global contract logistics provider, DHL Supply Chain, at DP World London Gateway.

Air quality boost Emissions control has been stepped up at a major container port in India with the launch of an air quality monitoring station. Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust's (JNPT) new air quality monitoring station will monitor real time Air Quality parameters like Particulate Matter (10, & 2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Ammonia (NH3), Ozone, CO, NOx, NO and VOCs.

Eco hybrid remote Hybrid remote-controlled rubber tyred gantry cranes will help make operations at a Middle East terminal more efficient. Hutchison Ports Sohar in Oman has invested in a RCRTGC fleet designed with a hybrid smart power management system.

LED lighting An Australian terminal has lowered its power consumption and carbon emissions by installing LED lighting on its automated quay cranes. The upgrade at ICTSI subsidiary Victoria International Container Terminal (VICT) in Melbourne reduced overall electricity usage by 971 megawatt hours and carbon emissions by 1,042t (88% reduction). The upgrade equates to an average savings of AUD85,000 per annum for VICT. Each crane originally utilized 47 1,000-watt highpressure sodium lights.

6 | WINTER 2020/21

Solar power investment is a key focus for a Finnish port that aims for its operations to be 100% carbon-neutral by 2035.

The Port of Helsinki will increase the use of renewable solar energy by significantly multiplying the number of solar panels at Vuosaari Harbour and West Terminal 2. The power plants, which produce zero emissions during use, will be put into service by the end of the year.

“The Port of Helsinki's objective is for its own operations to be 100% carbon-neutral by 2035. This demanding objective can be achieved by considerably reducing energy consumption and obtaining the remaining energy required from carbon-neutral energy sources,” said the port.

The Port of Helsinki put its first solar panels into service next to Vuosaari Harbour's noise barrier in 2016. After that, panels were also installed on top of the passenger bridge at West Terminal 2 in the new terminal's construction phase.

Photo: Port of Helsinki

Warehousing

SOLAR POWER FUELS FINNISH PORT

A total of 307 new solar panels have now been installed on the roof of the V6 and V7 buildings in Vuosaari. A total of 200 panels will be installed on the roof of West Terminal 2.

The annual yield of the new power plants is a total of approximately 145MWh. The calculated decrease in CO2 emissions will be approximately 20,000 kg per year.

8 The tilt mounts of the new solar panels ensure the most efficient installation angles and directions

With the yield from the power plants, the port will reduce its need to purchase electricity. The renewable electricity generated by the solar power plants will be consumed at West Terminal 2 and the buildings in Vuosaari by ventilation equipment, lighting and cooling systems.

PROTECTING THE WHALES AND AIR QUALITY Protecting the whales and local air quality has not only become a top priority for one American port, but also its ocean carriers.

Maersk, GLOVIS, K Line and NYK Line are all participating in a vessel speed reduction initiative programme at the Port of Hueneme.

“Over 530 tonnes of smogforming emissions were eliminated by the 15 shipping lines participating in this programme this year alone,” said Jess Ramirez, Oxnard Harbor District President.

CUTTING POLLUTION The Protecting Blue Whales and Blue Skies Programme aims to cut air pollution and protect endangered whales in the Santa Barbara Channel and San Francisco Bay through incentivising shipping lines to reduce speeds to 10 knots or less in these sensitive areas.

It's a collaborative effort between the port and its carriers, the local air pollution control districts, the Channel Islands, Greater Farallones and Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuaries,

Photo: Michael L. Baird/Wikimedia CC-by-2.0

BRIEFS

8 The Port of Hueneme is going all out to protect endangered blue whales

The Volgenau Foundation, California Marine Sanctuary Foundation, National Marine Sanctuary Foundation and Environmental Defense Center.

“Since 2014, our port has partnered with the local Ventura and Santa Barbara Air Pollution Control Districts to encourage and incentivise our shipping lines to participate,” said Kristin Decas, CEO

& Port Director. “Our entire ecosystem benefits from this type of investment and we see momentum growing for more participants to come onboard.”

To date, the port has invested over US$16M in clean air projects including on-port vessel plug in systems, air quality monitors, electric charging stations, alternative fuel trucks and electric equipment.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

GLOBAL BRIEFING

ZERO-EMISSIONS HANDLER TEST SUCCESS

GREEN TECH The two battery-electric top handlers were designed and built in the US by Taylor Machine Works, Inc. a leading heavy-duty equipment manufacturer and the largest supplier of top handlers in service at the port.

Each runs on a one-megawatt battery designed to operate for up to 18 hours between charges and

Clever cargo

8 The top handlers are a key component of the port's US$7.7 million Everport Advanced Cargo-Handling Demonstration Project

is equipped with a data logger for tracking hours of operation, charging frequency, energy usage and other performance indicators.

Mr Seroka pointed out that the port is doing everything possible to advance commercially feasible solutions to meet its goal of transitioning all cargo-handling equipment to zero emissions by 2030.

The Everport demonstration is one of 16 projects in which the port is either the lead agency or a participant working with multiple

partners to test near-zero emissions and zero-emissions engines, emissions control technology and alternative fueling and charging stations.

In addition to the batteryelectric top handlers, the projects include testing ultra-low NOx renewable natural gas equipment and fully battery-electric fuel cell heavy-duty trucks; battery-electric forklifts, yard tractors and rubbertyred gantry cranes and emissions control equipment on large ships and harbour craft.

GHANA OPERATOR LOOKS AFTER THE LOCALS This was undertaken under the Corporate Social Initiatives (CSI) of the company which focuses on education of the youth especially in deprived areas to give them the opportunity to broaden their livelihood options.

“MPS as an organisation attaches immense importance to environment and social sustainability which includes

“Delivering shared benefit by liaising with host communities and external stakeholders in the area of community development,” said Mohamed Samara, CEO of MPS.

Photo: MPS

A port operator in Ghana is taking a two-pronged approach to environmental stewardship supporting the local people and helping protect biodiversity.

Meridian Port Services Ltd (MPS) has sponsored the refurbishment of the Nungua Secondary School in support of the school's 60th Anniversary Celebrations.

BRIEFS

Photo: POLA

Following successful testing, the world's first zero-emissions top handlers are now being used in daily operations at the Port of Los Angeles.

The battery-electric top handlers are a key component of the port's US$7.7 million Everport Advanced Cargo-Handling Demonstration Project which is funded with a US$4.5 million sustainability grant from The California Energy Commission (CEC).

“We are pleased with performance results that we are receiving from drivers, mechanics and Everport management as the equipment is tested daily in realworld conditions,” said Gene Seroka, exective director, Port of Los Angeles.

8 MPS has sponsored the refurbishment of the Nungua Secondary School

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

COMMUNITY FOCUS The work has seen MPS undertake the painting of the entire school buildings. In addition, MPS donated five gallons of hand sanitisers and 2,000 pieces masks during the programme to assist in adhering to Covid-19 preventive protocols.

On the biodiversity front, MPS has relaunched its sea turtle conservation initiative.

MPS's Biodiversity Action Plan includes the training and deployment of six beach patrol staff and community volunteers to identify, catalogue and protect all sea turtles, plus encourage them to lay their eggs on 9KM of beach stretching from Old Ningo to Prampram.

The Port of Bergen is planning a new cargo port with a focus on innovative and environmentally friendly solutions. Backed by the Maritime Cleantech cluster and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, the port is applying for an EU grant of around €25 million to develop the cargo port at Ågotnes. The goal is to create a hub for zero-emission distribution of goods and services.

Clean energy Two clean energy initiatives have reduced one British port's diesel consumption and eliminated 700 tonnes of CO2 emissions per year. The Port of Tyne has completed a detailed modelling exercise and long-term analysis of its electricity network, as part of its award-winning decarbonisation and clean energy strategy.

Sustainable bulk The French port of Le Havre is forging ahead with its strategy to develop its bulk traffic in a responsible and sustainable manner. Le Havre's Supervisory Board awarded a concession for the construction and operation of a dry bulk terminal to the company Lorany Conseils.

Green reachstackers Four new eco reachstackers will help save fuel, emissions and efficiency at an Italian port terminal. The contract between Kalmar and Piattaforma Logistica Trieste S.r.l (PLT) will involve supply of four Kalmar Eco Reachstackers for the operator's new terminal at the Port of Trieste.

The machines, the first of their kind to be delivered to a customer in Italy, will be equipped with extra features to reduce noise.

WINTER 2020/21 | 7

PRODUCT NEWS

Eco-friendly forklift A new low-cost range of diesel and LPG-powered counterbalance forklift trucks feature Euro Stage V compliant engines to minimise emissions.

Doosan's NX Plus Series diesel and LPG models are available across a range of capacities from 2t to 3.5t.

The NX models incorporate design features that reduce noise, vibration, and heat and dust inflow.

Managing dust A terminal at one of Brazil's busiest ports is successfully managing dust emissions from its grain conveyor system with an innovative transfer chute design. To prevent impacting the local community and adjacent docks with dust from loading and unloading agricultural commodities, the conveyors at the T-Grão Cargo terminal in the Port of Santos were upgraded by Martin Engineering Brazil.

Electric power An electric power pack will allow the sideloader industry less charging interruptions because it only needs to be charged once a week. The Hammar electric power pack (ePP) lasts around 20 consecutive lifts with a 35 tonnes weight and it can be charged by the truck while driving and by plug-in (230V).

SUSTAINABLE TERMINAL TRACTOR PARTNERSHIP Two big names are joining forces to address growing demand for environmentally sustainable terminal tractor solutions in port, terminal and distribution centre markets.

Hyster-Yale Group and Capacity Trucks have signed a memorandum of understanding to co-develop electric and hydrogenpowered terminal tractors with automation-ready capabilities.

“Partnering with Capacity enables us to leverage our investment in electrification and automation solutions to better serve our customers as a more comprehensive resource,” said David Leblanc, Vice President, Strategy, Planning and Business Development, Hyster-Yale Group.

COMBINED EXPERTISE The collaboration leverages each company's product expertise in the global material handling solutions market, bringing together Capacity's robust terminal truck platform and Hyster-Yale Group's vast experience in lift truck electric

Cargotec's Kalmar will supply a US terminal operator with six hybrid rubber-tyred gantry cranes (RTGs) for fuel efficiency and minimal emissions.

The approximately US$13m Kalmar Hybrid RTG order will help Total Terminals International, LLC (TTI) reduce the environmental impact of its operations. The Kalmar Hybrid RTG features a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery combined with a smaller diesel power unit. The RTG consumes up

Photo: Capacity Trucks

BRIEFS

8 The colloration will leverage Capacity's robust terminal truck platform

powertrain technology and hydrogen fuel cell technology.

“We are working closely with our customers to achieve their zero-emissions goals and responding to their needs with the most robust electric and hydrogen fuel cell solutions through this strategic partnership with HysterYale,” said Ryan Rockafellow, Vice President and General Manager, Capacity Trucks.

The agreement includes exclusive manufacturing and supply provisions, with units branded separately as either

Capacity or Hyster - one of HysterYale Group's industry-leading forklift truck brands with an established presence in port, rail terminal and distribution centre environments.

Initial prototypes are targeted to be available in 2021 for market testing. In addition to codeveloping products, the partnership is also designed to capitalise on the companies' combined sales, distribution and service capabilities through their existing dealer networks and corporate sales teams.

HYBRID RTGS CUT EMISSIONS to 60% less fuel than a conventionally powered RTG. It is also quieter and easier to maintain.

Troy Thompson, vice president, sales, Kalmar Americas, said: “This deal represents an important step forward for Kalmar at the largest container port in the US, with the first battery-powered Kalmar Hybrid RTGs to be delivered to the West Coast region.

“Our true-hybrid solution will

enable a significant reduction in emissions for TTI because the batteries supply 100% of the power needed by the crane, while the diesel is only used for charging the batteries when needed.”

Delivery of the RTGs, which TTI funded with a clean air grant, is scheduled for Q4 2021. The RTGs will be equipped with a range of Kalmar SmartPort process automation solutions to help optimise and ensure the efficiency of operations.

Ports can now get hold of a brand new tool to monitor their own emissions data allowing them to take better charge of their environmental impact. The Maritime Emissions Portal (MEP) has been developed by RightShip in partnership with The Australian Marine Environment Protection Association (AUSMEPA) following the win of a AUS$250,000 Google Impact grant in 2016.

8 | WINTER 2020/21

Photo: Kalamr

Emissions portal

8 The Kalmar Hybrid RTG features a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery combined with a smaller diesel power unit

NOKIA COLLABORATION Kalmar and Nokia have announced a new collaboration that will see Nokia 4G and 5G private wireless available for use with straddle carriers, automated stacking carriers and rubber-tyred gantry cranes. This will enable ports and terminal operators to increase container handling efficiency and enhance on-site safety levels.

Other near-term technical collaboration will focus on 5G research projects in Finland.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

GREENPORT LIVE

GREENPORT LIVE - ECOPORTS NEED TO BECOME THE ‘NEW NORMAL’ The best environmental port performers should become the 'new normal' in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic and Brexit That was one of the take-home messages from the first GreenPort LIVE online conference*, which launched the ESPO Environmental Report 2020.

“Any economic impact slows down the rate at which we can invest but it does not mean we are pulling back on green investments,” said Eamonn O'Reilly, chairman of ESPO and chief of Dublin Port.

“A comprehensive port masterplan is for the long term and incorporates both capacity development and the environment which is all intrinsically linked. Nowadays you can't do one without the other.”

The underlying challenge for any business, Mr O'Reilly says, is transcending the things you cannot meaningfully predict today, but we should still be cautiously optimistic.

TOP PRIORITIES The report, now in its fifth year, surveyed nearly 100 ESPO EcoPorts on their environmental priorities.

ESPO intends to use the information gleaned from the report to help ports build environmental resilience going forward.

This year's report revealed that air quality is the top environmental priority for European ports.

Priorities 2 and 3, climate change and energy efficiency, are followed by noise, community relationship, ship waste, water quality, port waste, dredging operations and land related port development.

“This year's ESPO Environmental Report shows, that despite the challenging times ports are going through, environmental engagement and support has not been put on hold,” says Isabelle Ryckbost GreenPort LIVE host and secretary general, ESPO. “The top three environmental priorities do not come as a surprise. It clearly shows what ports are having on their radar.”

Mr O'Reilly says that the top three priorities reflect a modern maritime industry. “It makes sense that we see land development slipping down the priority list,” he says. “It has been impacted by the need to develop land responsibly and our developing emotional intelligence of the impact we have on the environment.”

Over and above this, the report shows that ports have improved their transparency towards European citizens and local communities.

Another major positive trend is better communication of environmental policy with 91% of respondents communicating its policy to all stakeholders and 86% publishing it online.

BUILDING RESILIENCE The report reveals that in 2020 over half of ports surveyed have experienced operational challenges relating to climate change, for example; more frequent storms, flooding and changes in wind and or wave conditions.

But reassuringly, 65% have taken steps to strengthen the resilience of their infrastructure.

And 71% of the ports surveyed consider climate change adaptation part of their new infrastructure development plans.

Meanwhile, ports continue to invest in green infrastructure

such as shore-side electricity for ships at berth. In 2020, 58% have shore power berths available at one or more berths and 40% of those surveyed plan to offer OPS in the next two years.

This is an 11% increase on 2019.

Most though (88%) offer low voltage hook-ups airing on the side of caution with the financial risk, uptake and technical challenges associated with installing high voltage systems.

When it comes to LNG, the result is similar to 2019's report with 33% of those ports surveyed offering LNG bunkering, largely by truck. But 22% have ongoing LNG bunkering infrastructure projects in port.

57% of the ports offer green incentives for ships to call as of this year, mostly for reduced air emissions. 30% of ports plan to introduce reduced port dues during the next two years.

8 The first GreenPort LIVE online conference took place on 10 November 2020 and launched the latest ESPO Environmental Report 2020

WAY FORWARD Going forward the role of the port managing body is a challenge but also an opportunity.

“We need to be realistic about what ports can do,” says Mr O'Reilly. “We act like a facilitator, rather like a football pitch, for the players to come out and have a match. We need to facilitate where we can.”

He said that for ESPO, one of the main jobs going forward is to facilitate really clear European policy so that ports can play their part in achieving their environmental objectives Ports on the other hand should measure and report their activities to the local and wider communities and they need to be prepared to make investments even in tough times.

“If all these elements come together then ports can bring about all of these top environmental priorities,” he said.

GreenPort LIVE ended with an introduction to the GreenPort Congress 2021 by Nektarios Demenopoulos from the host port, Piraeus Port Authority. The conference will take place from 2022 October 2021.

Did you miss GreenPort LIVE? Don't worry you can now watch it online. Just search ‘GreenPort' on YouTube.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

WINTER 2020/21 | 9

AUSTRALASIA VIEWPOINT

TAURANGA CUTS WASTE AND SAVES MONEY New Zealand's Port of Tauranga is reaping the benefits of several green initiatives, including achieving a 15.3% reduction in carbon emissions in the last financial year, says Dave MacIntyre Initiatives include halving the amount of yard waste being sent to the landfill while also saving the port about NZ $215,000 in costs.

Tauranga's Property and Infrastructure Manager, Dan Kneebone, says that to achieve the 15.3% decrease in emissions, the waste stream was audited and opportunities identified for more reuse and recycling into such things as compost.

“We have significantly increased wharf sweeping, which has given us the opportunity to keep different products separated and uncontaminated. That way we can ensure all the bark [from log exports] is captured and recycled into garden products, etc.”

The port works on a system of ‘insetting’ investments to offset carbon emissions - basically taking carbon savings, calculating how much that equates to in carbon credits Tauranga handles container vessels up to 10,000 teu and its annual report includes diagrams showing how the bigger ships serviced by the port create a lower carbon supply chain than its major rival, Auckland. Mr Kneebone says customers are looking for this kind of evidence as part of their own marketing strategies.

“We are experiencing a greater demand from our customers (especially the big ones) for transparency in the supply chain.

The blue-water component of the emissions profile is the most significant, and the bigger ships (that only call at Tauranga) offer a much lower carbon option.”

GREEN INITIATIVES Several other environmental initiatives are being taken by the port. In relation to air quality, Tauranga has identified the key sources of dust and the activities/behaviours that cause fine dust to become airborne.

“We incentivise our customers to reduce the risk of dust generation, e.g. debarking logs, opting for alternative handling methods for cargoes. We've made better use of best practice dust mitigation for activities such as bulk cargo handling of dusty products. We are exploring and utilising new

Photo: Port of Tauranga

OFFSETTING EMISSIONS The port works on a system of “insetting” investments to offset carbon emissions - basically taking carbon savings, calculating how much that equates to in carbon credits.

“We invest within the business on projects to reduce our carbon footprint,” says Mr Kneebone. “By way of example, our three new hybrid straddle carriers cost NZ$215,000 each more than conventional diesel-electric models.

“The hybrids have been commissioned less than a year, but we are already seeing an improvement in fuel efficiency of about 25%. We believe insetting is a much more meaningful way to reduce our carbon emissions.” technologies, such as fine water mist suppression,” says Mr Kneebone.

“We've installed some of these into existing infrastructure (e.g. bulk cargo hoppers and storage sheds). All wharf and cargo storage areas have been sealed to allow for increased wharf sweeping and recovery of dust and particulates. We've educated port users on how their actions can reduce dust (e.g. avoiding driving vehicles through dusty areas where possible, reducing speeds, housekeeping improvements in their work areas).

“We've reconfigured some yard areas to allow for better windbreak protection of higher-risk dusty activities, and installed windbreak fencing on port boundaries.”

8 A sweeper truck cleaning the Mount Maunganui wharves at Port of Tauranga

We are experiencing a greater demand from our customers (especially the big ones) for transparency in the supply chain - Dan Kneebone Other initiatives include reduced fumigant use; wharf sweeping to ensure dust and debris is not washed into the harbour during heavy rainfall; screening and removal of solids and particulate from stormwater; automated shut-off valves on stormwater drains to speed up response to accidental spills at the container terminal; and intensive monitoring/sampling to characterise stormwater and identify potential risks to stormwater quality.

Stormwater is checked for heavy metals, pH levels, petroleum hydrocarbons, suspended solids and dissolved solids.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

WINTER 2020/21 | 11

SUPPLY CHAIN

BUILDING A STRONGER GREENER SUPPLY CHAIN In this article, Alex Pepper, group head of energy and environment, Peel Ports, examines how the pandemic will be used to build a more resilient supply chain in the future

Photo: Peel Ports

The pandemic has highlighted the importance of a strong supply chain to ensure the vital flow of food, medicines and supplies in and out of the UK. In a post-Covid world, operators and cargo owners will be seeking to understand how best to adjust their global business models to better safeguard themselves against shifts in the supply-demand balance.

Logistics businesses will likely review their supply chains to determine how best to protect from future disruption - this could manifest in practises such as on-shoring or near-shoring of supply.

A focus on supply chain reliance and risk management is likely to be a permanent legacy of the pandemic where supply chains have been critical.

BUILDING RESILIENCE The intersection of the Covid-19 pandemic and Brexit will force logistics businesses to review their supply chains, to not only cater for evolving consumer behaviour but to make them as resilient as possible.

It is hugely important to build supply chain strategies that are agile and resilient enough to withstand whatever comes their way, including adopting more sustainable practices to reduce CO2 emissions and costs.

We have long been backing the use of regional ports, closer to the origin or destination of cargo, as a less congested alternative to southern terminal counterparts. Fewer road or rail miles mean less fuel is consumed on the land leg of the journey.

This not only reduces cost, but also reduces carbon in the supply chain - emissions from shipping can be up to 80% lower than those from road on a tonne per kilometre basis.

The shorter journey also improves driver productivity - a key factor given the increasing scarcity of long-distance truck drivers.

Potential delays and hold-ups post-Brexit help bring the need to use the port closest to the origin or destination to light further.

Using ports close to the origin and destination, and alternative modes of shipping, such as unaccompanied RORO or containers, logistics operators are able to minimise the impact of border

control to enable goods to reach their final destination. Beyond the proximity-to-market benefits, an evolved port strategy gives logistics providers new opportunities to make other gains too.

Using regional gateways allows those with the need for new industrial developments (for example fulfilment centres, factories and processing plants) the opportunity to take advantage of fluctuating land values and labour availability/labour costs across the country, rather than be stuck in one high-cost region.

We are already seeing signs that businesses are looking ahead and building resilient and greener supply chain strategies, which have ports at their very heart Additionally, using ports closer to consumption, the logistics sector can help take trucks off the main long-haul motorway routes, improving energy efficiency and business responsibility in response to the continuing threat of climate change.

Photo: Peel Ports

8 PARC’s giant marine yard will provide clean, renewable energy through offshore wind assets

12 | WINTER 2020/21

8 The wheels are in motion with Peel Port’s new electric vehicle livery

ADDRESSING SUSTAINABILITY Although the full economic effect of the pandemic and Brexit is yet to be realised, there is a desire from government and businesses to 'build back greener' ensuring that recovery in every sense of the word is aligned to enhanced sustainability.

The UK is legally bound by the target to reach net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. A collective effort by businesses to reduce their carbon footprints will help us reach UK and international targets, which almost certainly involves looking at alternative transportation modes for goods or reducing the distance goods need to travel by road.

Technological development also has a key part to play to enable businesses to be smarter and make transitions to alternative low-carbon fuels.

Thanks to our agile and resilient business model, Peel Ports has adapted quickly and remained at the forefront of the UK's supply chain.

We've opened up trade opportunities with the introduction of

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

SUPPLY CHAIN

WHITE PAPER The last 12 months have been a turning point for many supply chains and our whitepaper focuses on how ports have the potential to enable the supply chain of the future in various ways, including; Acting as regional gateways - alternatives to the Dover Straits that offer proximity-to-market benefits, reduce delays and reduce carbon emissions.

Acting as regional enablers - supporting and increasing economic activity in coastal regions.

Facilitator of supply chain activity - fulfilling a wide-range of logistics activities e.g. processing, product finalisation and rebranding.

Peel Ports Group is one of the largest port operators, responsible for the successful and efficient operations of ports across the UK and part of this is ensuring we build on our environmental journey.

We introduced our Enviro365 strategy to bring a coordinated group approach and a renewed focus on good environmental management.

The plan covers key areas such as protecting the environment that we operate in e.g. risk assessing our activities and reducing our environmental impact, as well as building a strong and effective environmental culture among employees at every level or the organisation.

As a port operator, we have a role to play in helping to facilitate services to ships visiting us, and their needs. We have close dialogue with our customers about their aspirations for the future and any changes they are looking to bring in within their fleets.

We also play a role in making sure the areas within our jurisdiction are conserved and protected. We would take action against anyone seen to be polluting or discharging marine waste into the environment.

At Peel Ports, we have a busy environmental agenda and all the pieces are starting to fit together to move us in a more sustainable direction.

GREEN PROJECTS We have been working on a number of projects across the group to reduce our carbon footprint and help drive greater sustainability, including the introduction of LED Lighting.

At the end of 2019, we installed new energy efficient LED lights at the Port of Liverpool LEDs are up to 80% more efficient than fluorescent and incandescent and 95% of the energy is converted into light and only 5% is wasted as heat.

The new lights have sensors and are helping deliver a better working environment, improving the lighting, consuming less energy, requiring less maintenance and only offering light when needed.

Similar schemes are operating across the group and a wider environmental strategy is in place to look at other areas across the business.

The wheels are in motion with our new electric vehicle livery. It is our intention to switch 50% of our entire fleet to electric by the end of 2021, helping reduce CO2 emissions and improve air quality across our port network.

We are currently looking at the development of port air quality

Photo: Peel Ports

new Intra-European routes with Containerships, BG Freight and CdLN serving the European market and Irish sea hubs, as well as a new rail service connecting the Port of Liverpool to the East Midlands, that has helped to lower the carbon emissions from this point in the supply chain by reducing the road miles of cargo.

Across our ports, we've continued to drive forward our Enviro365 strategy to ensure we set high standards in environmental management across the group.

strategies and part of this work has included looking at the emissions in our ports. This work is helping us understand what areas we can control, influence or that we need to have an appreciation of and is allowing us to set out some long term aims.

At Hunterston Port and Resource Campus (PARC), on the Clyde coast, we are strongly positioned to back the ambitious green targets of both Scottish and UK governments - using its giant marine yard to provide clean, renewable energy through offshore wind assets.

The Scottish Government aims to generate half of Scotland's overall energy consumption from renewables by 2030 - with offshore wind generation playing a key role in delivering against these targets.

Meanwhile UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson has pledged to power every home in the UK with offshore wind energy within a decade and committed ÂŁ160m to upgrading ports and factories for building turbines.

Hunterston PARC offers a massive 320-acre site with bluegreen economy at its heart and is readily available to support the offshore renewable energy industry.

With its unique assets including the deepest water in the UK, direct access to the national rail network and one of the UK's largest dry docks, it makes an ideal base for the manufacturing of floating wind turbines.

We have invested significant time working in partnership with leading industry operators, world class universities and innovators to deliver technological advances in supporting the future of power generation and providing clean, renewable energy is high on the agenda.

With the Government's recent pledge to help the country 'build back greener' - this is where we believe the focus will lie.

This will be a focus for not only us as a group, with the progression of our environmental strategy, but also for our customers as they adapt and create a sustainable supply chain.

We are already seeing signs that businesses are looking ahead and building resilient and greener supply chain strategies, which have ports at their very heart.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

8 Liverpool2 is one of the world's most modern shipping terminals

WINTER 2020/21 | 13

PROJECTS

CLOUD BASED TOS A GREEN STEP CHANGE

Photo: LBCT

In this article GreenPort talks to Andy Barrons, chief strategy officer at Navis about how cloud based TOS is moving sustainability forward

Q

How is cloud-based TOS moving green projects forward?

Using cloud-based TOS at terminals has been able to move green projects forward in a number of ways. The TOS in the cloud has allowed terminals around the world to adopt software for more efficient container operations, while cutting IT infrastructure and servers on site. This has brought energy savings and efficiency by using more energy efficient data center solutions.

The focus on sustainability in the industry has traditionally been on equipment - including energy efficiency, minimising unnecessary moves and reduction of fuel and the TOS in the cloud can enable container equipment to perform in an ecofriendlier way. The TOS plans the cargo moves by the equipment in the most efficient sequence, which can ensure operators move as much freight though the port with the least amount of moves and in the shortest distance available, resulting in a more sustainable and impactful operation.

A further benefit of using a cloud-based TOS is that it collects an enormous amount of operational data which can be used to inform sustainable business decisions so meaningful work can be carried out at terminals. For example, data collected can include yard and quay crane usage and the number of vehicles needed to load and discharge a vessel. With this data a terminal can optimise allocation of equipment and can calculate other sustainable factors - like CO2 usage - through using the data stored in the TOS. Analysing and acting on this data will support port operations seeking to improve the sustainability impact of their operations and reduce operational cost and waste.

A

Can you outline the recent cloud survey Navis has completed?

The cloud survey Navis completed in 2020, “Understanding A Your Terminal Strategy with Cloud-based Technologies,� examined operators' level of interest and activity in planning to use cloud-based TOS. The survey of Navis' global terminal operator customers explored the interest, anticipated benefits, myths and concerns for adopting SaaS technology at terminals.

Over the past two years, we have seen a dramatic change in interest in cloud-based TOS and ports and terminals are

increasingly taking steps to adopt this technology. This is especially true in 2020 where we have seen market interest in cloud solutions increase nearly 40% compared to2019, and in part, influenced by the effects of Covid-19 on shifting work to home or remote locations.

The TOS in the cloud can enable container equipment to perform in an eco-friendlier way While acceptance of cloud-based TOS offerings was relatively low a few years ago, today terminals are more open to the possibilities that TOS in the cloud can deliver reliability and performance for their operations and save IT time and money.

Can you explain the larger and smaller wins that Terminal Operating Systems (TOS) can give operators when it comes to the environment?

Our customers report they experience an up to A 40%improvement in productivity and throughput by using an advanced TOS to optimise moves and automate processes.

The use of machines to carry out work on site, along with the drastic business process improvement seen from optimising operations, has a great impact on our customers' bottom line and service capability. This has also left a positive impact on the environment as a result of streamlining workflows and reducing waste.

Additionally, software acts as the brain of the terminal and enables operators to find solutions to continuously improve and carry out tasks in greener ways, which is a major win economically and environmentally.

Data collected and tracked can help operators to measure and reduce truck idle time at the gate, have more

Q

8 Andy Barrons

Photo: Navis

Q

8 LBCT is the first fully-automated container terminal in the US and uses Navis TOS

14 | WINTER 2020/21

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

PROJECTS

efficient vessel turnaround at the berth and more productive moves in the yard - all of which help terminals, carriers and trucks operate in a way that's better for the environment.

Along with some of the major advantages of using TOS for greener operations, there are some smaller wins that operators experience from the technology. An example of this from a Navis perspective is operators using mobile applications. A mobile reefer app confirms the temperature in a reefer is at the right level during storage and transport which ensures that that the freight remains at the correct temperature and that there is no overuse of energy, thus yielding an eco-friendlier supply chain performance.

Can you give us an example of an operational cloudbased TOS system and the benefits it has secured?

A strong customer example of optimising and automating A processes which led to more sustainable operations is Long Beach Container Terminal (LBCT) in California.

LBCT serves the greater Los Angeles area and is the first fullyautomated container terminal in the United States. Implementing the Navis TOS to support automated operations, is part of a range of initiatives and environmentally conscious investments to turn this terminal operation into one of the cleanest and most environmentally-friendly terminals in the world.

Q

How has the pandemic affected demand?

The pandemic has affected nearly every industry and initially impacted trade volume in the supply chain and logistics space. Consumer demand, however, has helped support a rebound in trade for certain products, driven by growth in ecommerce and at least a temporary shift away from spending on services to goods.

The pandemic is also accelerating already existing and longerterm trends. If anyone was in doubt about pollution from congested port cities, Covid-19 and the overnight reduction in all types of traffic congestion contributed to rapidly improving air quality. This experience will reinforce the value of continuing to find solutions that support transport policies and supply chain investment that can deliver economic growth and environmental benefits.

A

Q

Why the higher demand for cloud-based TOS?

Photo: Navis

Q

plan and maximise the vessel location for efficient load and discharge of cargo; Predictive Visibility which supports better planning decisions and reduces wasteful moves.

Q

What are Navis' plans for green products going forward?

The company is working on a lot of offerings to help terminals predict, plan and utilise data for better planning and execution of operations. We are working on putting more solutions on the cloud, offering machine learning technology for better predictability and enhanced Navis Smart applications to improve and streamline processes. All of these advance more sustainable operations while helping terminals run at their peak utilisation.

A

Q

Can you give our readers any take home messages?

Power usage efficiency, electrification and more ecofriendly fuels are part of the sustainability mission.

While it is important to measure that as one piece of the puzzle, data collected from the TOS and using software to maximise operational results, with less energy used, is how terminals can ensure their assets are delivering value for their business and the environment.

More innovative offerings such as the TOS in the cloud, optimsation solutions and automated functionality, will help terminals extend their reach towards higher sustainability goals.

A

The Covid-19 pandemic has shown teams they can work remotely just as efficiently as on site, which has accelerated a trend towards locating some planning and operational activities away from the actual terminal site. The pandemic has proven that there isn't a strong advantage to having everyone travel to work on site and that centralising these functions can deliver optimal results. Additionally, we have seen that the technology implementation process, including testing new software and training users, can be done successfully remotely, which we have proven this year through a number of N4 and Octopi TOS go-lives at terminals in many different countries around the world.

A

What are Navis solutions for both larger and smaller terminals Navis has a myriad of innovative offerings for both large and A small terminals. Along with our flagship TOS for large terminals, N4, we also offer Navis solutions to optimise the use of equipment to avoid unnecessary or excessive use.

For optimisation, Navis offerings include: Prime Route for pooling vehicles to minimise travel distance; Expert Decking for minimising the rehandling and unnecessary stacking of boxes in a yard; Berth Window Management and Berth Optimizer to better

8 Over the past two years, we have seen a dramatic change in interest in cloudbased TOS

Data can be used to inform sustainable business decisions so meaningful work can be carried out at terminals

Photo: Navis

Q

8 The reefer app helps ensure operators move as much freight though the port with the least amount of moves

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

WINTER 2020/21 | 15

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FUTURE FUELS

Photo: Titan LNG

LNG BUNKERING BARGE TO DELIVER CLEANER SHIPPING

8 Sister vessels 'FlexFueler 001' and 'FlexFueler 002' during tests in the Port of Amsterdam

times with the FlexFueler001, so we can guarantee our customers the safety framework is in place and functioning.”

CARBON NEUTRAL CHOICES Titan LNG is confident that it can make available liquefied biogas (from organic waste) or liquefied synthetic methane (from green hydrogen and captured CO2) to LNG-powered vessels soon after the barge starts operations in February 2021.

Pascal de Buck, CEO of Fluxys, said: "We are proud to offer with our partner, Titan LNG, a key logistic link for the shipping industry to switch to cleaner operations in the Antwerp port and region. The prospect of introducing with our newly built bunkering barge fully carbon neutral options in the foreseeable future strengthens us in our commitment to press ahead with the energy transition."

AMSTERDAM LOOKS TO ETHANOL expansion plans, especially in the important focus area of ESG, where we aim to continue to identify more environmentally friendly logistics alternatives for our clients and sustainable business cases in growth segments such as biofuels and gases.”

The new railway line and ethanol storage tanks are set to connect to 17 Class 1 tanks in the port, the world's largest trading and blending hub for gasoline and its components.

The eco-friendly rail project will see the storage and blending facilities of GPS connect with the main railway system of The

Photo: GPS Group

Construction of a new railway line and ethanol storage tanks at the Port of Amsterdam will help make operations more sustainable.

Storage and logistics provider GPS Group, whose subsidiary GPS Amsterdam operates a storage and blending facility for gasoline and biofuels at the Port of Amsterdam, will develop a rail handing system as well as dedicated ethanol storage for downstream energy company VARO Energy. VARO also operates a facility at the port for blending and storing oil products.

Eric Arnold, CEO at GPS, said: “This is an important investment that will open up a whole range of new possibilities to support both our client's and our own further

A new LNG bunkering barge will start servicing the Port of Antwerp and wider region from February 2021 to support cleaner shipping.

The result of a partnership between Fluxys and Titan LNG, the Kooiman Marine-built FlexFueler 002 LNG bunkering barge will make LNG more widely available as an alternative shipping fuel from its base at the port. The bunkering barge will operated by Titan LNG, from Quay 526/528 where Fluxys facilitates truck-to-ship bunkering and Titan LNG operates a permanent bunkering point for inland waterway vessels.

Ronald van Selm, CTO of Titan LNG, commented: " Building on the very fruitful cooperation during the development and building process, we are confident that together with Fluxys, LNG bunkering in Antwerp will be a daily business soon. Jointly with the Port of Antwerp, we have already delivered LNG numerous

8 GPS Group will develop a rail handing system and ethanol storage for VARO Energy at the Port of Amsterdam

Netherlands and Europe. It will provide greater flexibility to the supply chain of VARO and an

important transport alternative to respond to variations of the Rhine's water levels..

SOUTHAMPTON HAS HYDROGEN POTENTIAL A hydrogen super hub could be built at the UK's ABP Port of Southampton to support and facilitate the decarbonisation of local industry and transport.

The Port of Southampton's potential as a hydrogen superhub is being explored as part of a new project UK gas company SGN is working on in partnership

with Macquarie's Green Investment Group (GIG).

SGN said “Our Southampton Water project will scope the site's suitability as a centre of excellence for hydrogen production and distribution, carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS), and other green technologies.”

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

The project's ultimate aim is to support and facilitate the decarbonisation of local industry and transport, laying the groundwork for the full decarbonisation of SGN in the south of England. Engineering firm WSP have been commissioned to undertake the project.

Around 2.6m tonnes of CO2

are emitted in and around Southampton each year from industry and customers connected to the SGN domestic heating network. A scheme incorporating CCUS technology could reduce these emissions significantly, while local hydrogen production could further cut emissions.

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LOOKING AT THE BUSINESS CASE FOR LPG Uptake of LPG is increasing because of its greener credentials and simplicity of storage, writes Andrew Stafford, technical director at Trelleborg’s marine and infrastructure operation Carriage of liquified petroleum gas (LPG) dates back to 1931, when the world’s first custom built gas carrier, the ‘LPG Agnita’, traded parcels of LPG in pressurised tanks. Typically, a by-product of more sought-after products in the oil and gas industry, being able to utilise this asset instead of simply flaring it off, is a benefit not only to the producer but to numerous allied industries, including petro-chem, which use LPGs as part of their dedicated processes.

The composition of the various LPG grades, primarily Butane and Propane, allow not only for simple storage but for efficient transportation and a higher efficiency, cleanerburning hydrocarbon, when compared to coal, wood or oil burning alternatives .

As most LPGs are not identified as greenhouse gasses (GHG), they can be used as propellants and refrigerants, replacing the previous generation of GHG based solutions which are no longer permitted under international law. A caveat to this is the fact that LPG is still a hydrocarbon and once broken down in the atmosphere, will release a CO2 component.

It is vital that as an industry, we take steps to become more conscious and sustainable in our decision making

Photo: Trelleborg

This is typically 250:1 reduction in volume between gas and liquid states. The simple tanks required to carry LPG makes them suitable to be stored in bulk at ports, carried in large ocean-going quantities, distributed by road tankers and used by consumers in manageable amounts.

Storing LPG on land side has a number of options. Similar to other process chemicals, custom containment tanks can be built to the LPG. Depending on the volumes that are required to be stored, local tank farms may be used also. Subterranean caverns

8 Sustainability efforts can be further enhanced by incorporating Ship Performance Monitoring Systems (SPM)

Photo: Trelleborg

EASY STORAGE Unlike methane, which requires high pressures to be liquefied and needs to be cooled to be carried, insulated at atmospheric pressure, LPGs become liquid at ambient temperatures and at much lower pressures. This allows them to be stored in either simple pressure vessels or refrigerated containment, making the most of the volume reduction offered in the liquefied state.

8 Carriage of liquified petroleum gas (LPG) dates back to 1931

are also an option as these allow for vast quantities of gas to be stored within old salt or chalk mines. As the pressure of the stored gas is less than the water table pressure above it, it cannot escape. In some export facilities and due to the simplicity of the liquefaction process, the gas can be liquefied as part of the vessel loading process so no land storage of LPG is required, making this a single process from feed gas, to liquid product and finally vessel loading.

SAFETY When liquefied, LPG is at or below zero degrees Celsius, it does not require the cryogenic temperature handling of LNG and so the potential of ‘cold-cracking’ a ship deck during a spillage, is removed. However, it remains a flammable substance and as such needs correct handling procedures. An LNG spill will naturally disperse due to methane being lighter than air, however, LPG compounds are typically denser than air and can pool in low level catch points if spilled, requiring active gas dispersion to remove them from an atmosphere.

Under the International Code of the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC) code, specifically written for the safe transportation of liquefied gasses, all gas-carrying ships should be equipped with an emergency shutdown link enabling a vessel to connect its own safety shutdown equipment to the terminal with which it is trading.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

WINTER 2020/21 | 19

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LPG

SHIP SHORE LINKS Trelleborg has been at the forefront of the industry, designing, building and installing industry leading Ship-Shore Links (SSL) with integrated ESD systems for nearly 20 years.

Integrating ESD links during a transfer has recently been highlighted as not only a way to allow safety to be enhanced, but as a mechanism to allow increased flow rates during transfer. The issues of pressure surge, which typically define the maximum flow rate, can be alleviated by having closer monitoring of the entire transfer pipe through active monitoring of the ESD in the system.

Instead of working to a potential of a filling manifold or tank valve closing onto a full flow transfer, linking the ESD means the transfer pump can be stopped as soon as the same signal that instructs the valve to close, is triggered. This reduces the effect of calculated surge by shortening the time between event detection and process stopping.

The composition of the various LPG grades allow not only for simple storage but for efficient transportation and higher efficiency cleaner-burning hydrocarbon Such measures can also reduce the likelihood of premature equipment failure by keeping the process equipment within normal operating conditions. Valves and pipework will benefit from reduced surge pressures and there are fiscal benefits to being able to transfer cargo at potentially faster rates, as the surge conditions present in unlinked shutdown events are now mitigated.

Correct utilisation of such measures can allow for more vessels to be loaded and even improve tidal quayside operations, if said vessels can complete loading and leave on an earlier tide.

SUSTAINABILITY FOCUS As we see an increasing focus on sustainability, more gasses are being used as marine fuels for the first time on non-gas-carrying vessels, aided by the fact that LNG carriers have burnt methane as fuel for many years.

LNG has made a strong push for its place as a marine fuel.

However, with new rules allowing other gasses to be used as marine fuels, engine manufacturers are able to provide solutions for the LPG gasses.

The very first LPG-powered gas carriers have recently been delivered, which substantially reduce the emissions profile when compared to the traditional fuel mixes. There is scope for smaller vessels, perhaps coastal trade vessels to utilise LPG as a fuel, especially if large volumes are readily available. Even if not used directly, LPG compressors are used in the liquefaction process of LNG, enabling this greener approach to continue.

LPG MARKET Sustainability efforts can be further enhanced by incorporating Ship Performance Monitoring Systems (SPM) within operations that allow for improved operational efficiencies onboard vessels, which in turn, can reduce environmental impact.

One of the big shale products to come out of the US as part of their natural gas fracking exploits, is a new source of Ethane,

Photo: Trelleborg

Although LNG developed to include fully connected emergency shut-down (ESD) systems during transfers, LPG transfers were limited to the exchange of a manual shutdown pendant between supplier and receiver. In the event of an emergency being detected, this meant that an individual had to be present to witness the event and push the stop button.

which previously had not been available in such large quantities.

Without a market for this gas to be exported to, it would have traditionally been flared to the atmosphere, as there was no benefit in storing it as the domestic supply was already adequate. This opened an entirely new trade route and new fleet of VLGCs utilising atmospheric pressure tanks, similar to liquified natural gas carriers (LNGC), as chilling to liquefy to its boiling point of around -90 degrees celsius is more suitable than compression for bulk transfer.

As a feedstock primarily for ethylene production, markets in India and Europe were interested in gaining access to this new cheap source of ethane. Numerous petro-chem companies invested in the new VLGC concepts, which included options to burn the clean cargo as a fuel, making this not only a commercially viable trade, but also a green trade.

Trelleborg supplied its ESL shutdown links to ethane export berths at a facility in the United States as well as to multiple receiving sites globally to ensure safe transfer of the cargo to the carriers that it loads.

8 Trelleborg has been designing, building and installing SSL with integrated ESD systems for nearly 20 years

SMART PORTS As attitudes shift within world shipping towards the importance of incorporating cleaner fuels into its operations, with an increase in popularity in the use of LNG, the Covid-19 pandemic could not have arrived at a more critical point in time.

Industry impacts as a result have meant that demand for LNG has slowed, with buyers cancelling more than 100 US cargoes globally and fuel prices collapsing to record lows in Europe and Asia. Although this has impeded efforts in the short term, there is a positive outlook on the sector emerging more prosperous than before, solidifying the hope that the industry is still serious about change for a better and more sustainable future.

For any business, arguably one of the most important goals of our time is to be able to offer an effective and action-led sustainability plan. It is vital that as an industry, we take steps to become more conscious and sustainable in our decision making.

We are continuously exploring ways to further strengthen our portfolio to provide solutions with lower environmental impact.

Trelleborg’s SSL/ESD and SPM systems are part of the SmartPort portfolio, which powers the critical interface between ship and port, on land and at sea. The systems connect port operations, allowing operators to analyse performance and use data to improve decision making.

The system integrates assets like fenders, mooring equipment, ship performance monitoring and navigation systems, underpinned by cloud technologies. Integration of such systems can help port owners/operators in their efforts to support the collective focus areas within the maritime industry towards sustainability.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

WINTER 2020/21 | 21

CRUISE

PORT OF TALLINN’S SUSTAINABLE CRUISE MODEL The Port of Tallinn, which handles an average of 10 million passengers yearly, is focusing on sustainability at its two cruise harbours, writes Michele Witthaus As one of the biggest and best-known companies in Estonia, the Port of Tallinn is committed to ensuring that its activities contribute to the sustainable development and welfare of the Estonian economy.

“In our business development plan, we place a heavy emphasis on following the UN Sustainable Development Goals, EU and Estonian climate targets, as well as the sustainability commitments of the Green Cruise Port network,” says Sirle Arro, head of marketing, Port of Tallinn and council member of Cruise Europe.

The port's two cruise harbours, in Tallinn and Saaremaa, are no exception to this approach. “For all stakeholders in the cruise industry, one of our key challenges is the need for a sustainable model which combines the positive economic effects of the industry and its projected future growth, with careful attention to environmental concerns,” explains Ms Arro.

Photo: Port of Tallinn

“This is especially important in the Baltic Sea given the fact that it is considered to be one of the most vulnerable ecosystems in the world. Another vital common challenge is balancing the interests of tourists with the normal daily lives of local populations by considering tourism's impact on the daily lives of local people.”

The Port of Tallinn is a pioneer among EU ports in providing incentives for ships to reduce emissions and sort waste. Since 2019, ships participating in the Environmental Ship Index (ESI) to work towards reducing air emissions may apply for as much as 8% discount on tonnage fees. Additionally, ships which have

8 Ingrid Berezin, head of marketing, Port of Tallinn and council member of Cruise Europe

22 | WINTER 2020/21

Photo: Port of Tallinn

The Port of Tallinn is a pioneer among EU ports in providing incentives for ships to reduce emissions and sort waste

invested in scrubbers may discharge waste generated by scrubbers without paying additional fees.

Waste reception facilities are another key part of the Port's strategy. By 2014, Port of Tallinn had already introduced differentiated port fees for cruise vessels sorting their waste.

Reduced waste fees for cruise ships apply to ships collecting garbage separately by type when at least one type of recyclable garbage (excluding mixed domestic waste) listed in MARPOL Annex V (garbage) is discharged.

8 Cruise ships at berth in the Port of Tallinn

STATE-OF-THE-ART Just a short walk from the port is Tallinn's unique Hanseatic old town, which has drawn increasing interest from cruise operators and their passengers over the years. A new cruise terminal is set to capitalise on this trend.

“To offer our guests as well as operators the best and safe available reception, a new, multifunctional and environmentally friendly cruise terminal will be opened in summer 2021,” says Ingrid Berezin, cruise manager, Port of Tallinn.

“This new terminal aims to serve as a gateway to Tallinn and open the seafront area to our guests as well as local residents.

Both the interior and exterior design will use environmentally friendly solutions and materials - the building is heated by sea power and energy will also be drawn from solar panels. In addition, LED lighting, a temperature-controlled ventilation system and a natural smoke and heat extraction system will be installed, and recycled materials used in the interior (with carpets made from old fishing nets).”

The terminal will use energy efficient, ecological and sustainable solutions, suited to the Nordic climate, and will

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

Photo: Port of Tallinn

CRUISE

allow the building to be operated outside the cruise season for events, concerts or conferences.

INDUSTRY AND COMMUNITY “It is a proven fact that cruise tourism has a significantly positive impact on the local economy as a whole,” says Ms Arro.

“One key concern for the cruise industry to address in the light of sustainable development is how to combine the interests of tourists and local people.

“New ideas must be brought to table in a dialogue with local citizens in order to find long-term sustainable solutions which

recognise the cruise industry's positive economic impact without disturbing local lives.”

The Port of Tallinn has turned to the Estonian Academy of Arts to obtain academic input on the dignified and sustainable management and presentation of Tallinn's Old Town as a UNESCO World Heritage site, which will ensure further development of the Port of Tallinn's passenger line of business, as well as opportunities for increasing the number of passengers.

“Together with the City of Tallinn, we have implemented a cooperation project called 'Attractive walkway between the port and the city', to encourage shore excursion companies to organise more walking tours (instead of using buses),” says Ms Berezin. “Another aim of this project is to attract cruise tourists to visit other attractions besides the Old Town.”

8 Sirle Arro, cruise manager

Photo: Port of Tallinn

The terminal will use energy efficient, ecological and sustainable solutions, suited to the Nordic climate and will allow the building to be operated outside the cruise season for events

8 Construction work and cruise vessels

Green initiatives at the Port of Tallinn Environmentally differentiated port dues are a key component of the Port's sustainability strategy. Starting from 2019, ships participating in the Environmental Ship Index ( ESI) may apply for the 8% discount on tonnage fees mentioned above. The new port pricing systems is aimed at encouraging shipping companies to adopt environmentally friendlier technologies and to contribute to the health of the fragile Baltic Sea ecosystem. Reducing air pollution will also have positive impact on the overall quality of life in the local community.

The port is also focusing strongly on recycling of ship generated waste. Since 2014, differentiated port fees have been available to operators, with discounts available for cruise vessels that sort their waste. A lower rate applies for cruise ships collecting garbage separately by type, in situations where at least one type of recyclable garbage (excluding mixed domestic waste) as listed in MARPOL Annex V (garbage) is discharged.

The Port of Tallinn is a pioneer amongst EU

ports in providing incentives for ships that have invested in scrubbers. Any waste generated by scrubbers is accepted free of charge.

Wastewater reception via pipeline is also helping the Port to boost its green credentials.

In 2016, a micro-tunnel and fixed port reception facilities for sewage reception were installed for the cruise quays, allowing them to receive up to 1,200 m3 of sewage per hour.

Thanks to the new sewer system, cruise ships calling at the Old City Harbour can discharge unlimited amounts of sewage without any additional charge.

Noise mapping is another area of focus for the Port. Monitoring noise caused by cruise vessels is important for the wellbeing of people living near ports. Port of Tallinn has investigated levels of airborne noise at the Old City Harbour and has identified problematic areas and prepared an analysis of possible mitigation measures to minimise future complaints by neighbours.

Alternative fuels including truck-to-ship

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

bunkering operations for LNG are available in Tallinn. In spring 2021 a brand new LNG bunker vessel will start to serve environmentally friendly vessels in Tallinn.

A Green Cruise Port Action Plan 2030 was handed over by the EU project Green Cruise Port's partners during the Green Cruise Port conference 'Smart cruise port developments in Baltic Sea region'. One major goal is to ensure the ability to meet sustainability requirements and reduce negative externalities caused by ports and vessel operations.

The Saaremaa harbour ( also operated by Port of Tallinn) is situated in the Natura 2000 area in Küdema Bay. The Küdema Bay Conservation area was established for the protection of species and habitats. During the construction of Saaremaa harbour, a habitat of a very rare plant species in Estonia - green spleenwort (Asplenium viride) - was found. A special species protection site has been established for this species.

WINTER 2020/21 | 23

AFRICA VIEWPOINT

DAMIETTA PORT ACCELERATES GREEN DRIVE Egypt's Damietta Port in Egypt is accelerating its drive to replace its fossil fuel-powered cranes with electric cargo lifting equipment to save on fuel and reduce diesel emissions, writes Shem Oirere The port, run bu Damietta Ports Authority (DPA), is one of the 15 commercial ports in Egypt that is improving operations to achieve “international classification as environment friendly green ports.”

According to DPA chairman Walid Awad, Damietta port “is successfully” making a shift from carbon emitting fuels to the use of “environmentally friendly electric powered cranes for handling operations.”

The Egyptian government, through the maritime transport strategy is pushing harder for the use of renewable energy sources in the operation of port facilities to achieve energy savings Increasingly shifting towards electric powered equipment and more use of shore side electricity by docked vessels, is in line with Egypt's Maritime Transport Sector Strategy, Development & Increasing the Competitiveness of Ports initiative.

The overall aim is to improve and expand the competitiveness of the country's ports including “raising the environmental classification of Egyptian seaports to be transformed into green ports to achieve environment sustainability,” according to DPA. RENEWABLE FOCUS Moreover, operators of Egypt's seaports including DPA are constantly “reviewing the environmental requirements and standards in accordance with the national and international laws and conventions as well as the resolutions related to stevedoring, bunkering and waste dumping operations in addition to taking the necessary corrective actions,” according to the maritime transport strategy.

The Egyptian government, through the maritime transport strategy is pushing harder for the “use of renewable energy sources in the operation of port facilities to achieve energy

Photo: DPA

GOING ELECTRIC DPA said in a statement the introduction of electric equipment for lifting containerised and non-containerised cargo “aims to curb harmful effects of using traditionally fueled systems and promote environment friendly techniques to minimize harmful emissions” in the quest to transform Damietta “into a global standard green port.”

Damietta, which in the first quarter of 2020 reported a 26.6% increase in ship traffic to 871, comprising container, general cargo, dry bulk, liquid bulk and special freight vessels, has also introduced the onshore power supply (OPS) system or shore side electricity “to provide ships while at berth with electricity instead of using the ship's own turbines.”

Additionally, the Egyptian maritime sector, through the OPS system, hopes to secure the “commitment of the vessels calling at Egyptian ports to the national and international environmental requirements,” specifically the use of shore-to-ship power to cut down on emissions and fuel burning.

savings and environment protection.” In the past, Damietta, has partnered with Konecranes in the port's drive to cut its carbon footprint through acquisition of emission-free cargo lifting equipment. This includes 2009 and 2015 RTG crane orders to support the port's increasing containerised and noncontainerised cargo that was estimated at 38.5 million tonnes and 1 million teu respectively in 2019.

Konecranes said the RTG cranes for Damietta were highperformance, 16-wheel RTGs with a lifting capacity of 40 tonnes, a stacking height of 1-over-5 and a stacking width of 7 plus truck lane wide.

For port operators who opt for the Konecranes' Busbar option, the company easily converts diesel RTG cranes to the Busbar operation, where the diesel engine is replaced with a power collector, making the machine fully electric, according to Konecranes.

But even as Egypt pushes for zero marine emissions at the country's ports, the biggest challenge, according to the Ministry of Transport is how to mobilise global commitment “to the implementation of international environmental standards on vessels, in order to reduce marine environment pollution to reach the concept of green ports in light of the global trend towards these types of ports.”

But with what Damietta has been able to achieve so far, Egypt's push for green status of its entire seaport network seems achievable and within sight.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

8 DPA is constantly reviewing its environmental requirements and standards

WINTER 2020/21 | 25

PROJECTS

INNOVATIVE PORT DOCKING SYSTEM SOLUTION The FREBs docking system is basically made up of a drydock which sits at 90 degrees to the quayside and is serviced by a barge(s) which can load and unload ships more efficiently than the standard container handling setup.

“This barge system could change the direction of cargo handling,” says the brain behind the system, Michael Freeland of Frebs Marine International in the UK. “Cargo ships at the moment are rarely fully loaded. This system allows a handler a floating storage space which can be preloaded and unloaded straight on to the dock, reducing mooring times, moves and warehouse costs.”

D1 CLEVER CONCEPT The FREBS concept, formulated by Mr Freeland over many years, is based on his extensive experience in the RFA, which supplied NATO fighting ships across the world.

Key to the concept, Mr Freeland says, is getting away from the cargo being made to fit the barge and moving towards the barge being made to fit the cargo.

The FREBS drydock can be serviced by several straddle cranes at the same time. The cranes can each lift one (or two) containers and deposit these straight onto railway wagons or road trucks or onto the dockside for later collection.

A FREBS dock holds the barge securely after the caisson has been closed. Hence a barge remains at a constant level as the tide rises and falls. This ensures that the loading ramps remain static at the bow or at the beam.

If a number of drydocks are built in parallel at a port, the reduction in the loading and unloading time per barge could be 50% or more, says Mr Freeland.

Each barge is basically an autonomous 'feeder ship' which, with its own inter-changeable power pack that can motor itself to and from the FREBS dock for unloading.

EFFICIENT BARGES FREBs offers two barge sizes - Maxi which is 220 by 75 ft, about the size of a football pitch and Mini, which is 110 by 37 foot wide.

A barge is designed to carry, among other things, nonperishable goods of any kind loaded by the supplier in standard containers, perishable goods stored in reefers which can be plugged into the barge's power supply and dry bulk cargos, such as iron ore, grain and aggregates.

A fleet of motherships would be able to deliver more cargo than one ULCV and be considerably quicker and at much lower cost The smaller barges can be locked together to offer more flexible storage capacity and create a Technomax mothership.

A Technomax mothership is 1,200 feet LOA and 160 feet beam and is made up of a maximum of 8 x Maxi barges and 8 x Mini barges.

The Technomax has a semi-submersible hull to allow loading

26 | WINTER 2020/21

and unloading of barges and a hard-top deck which can be fitted with solar panels to augment the main power unit. In the bow are two 'sunken' helicopter pads. The control bridge is over the stern doors. The main power unit is one of 4x inter-changeable powerpacks in the bow. Any one of these can drive 3x azipods in the stern and 2x additional azipods forward and they can also power reefers.

The azipods can be fuelled by non-polluting LNG or hydrogen and rotary sails are an option to add extra power.

In the future, Mr Freeland says that a Technomax can be made to be autonomous.

The Technomax is able to navigate oceans and canals worldwide, has covered decks protecting the barges from the weather and so eliminates any loss of cargo at sea.

Barges can be preloaded with cargo or rigged up to an anchorage to bring in when ready. Barges may also be left in a dock, empty or loaded, awaiting the arrival of the Technomax.

After re-loading the barge returns to the offshore mooring to be floated into the Technomax.

D2 8 The Techomax mothership D1 shows the open rear doors through which the barges are floated in and out. D2 - shows the ship with the deck 'cut away' loaded with 8 x Mini barges plus 4 x Maxi barges (each with 5 x bulkheads)

GREEN SOLUTION “Many ports across the world are congested for most of the time,” says Mr Freeland.

“Our universal cargo system provides the solution. Investment in our unique design of motherships, MaxiBarges and docks will eliminate port congestion, reduce pollution in-port and reduce overall shipping costs.”

“The Technomax can carry a mix of cargos which, if all containerised, would be c.7,200 teu. A fleet of motherships would be able to deliver more cargo than one ULCV and be considerably quicker and at much lower cost.”

Mr Freeland wants the industry to sit up and pay attention to how much money and time they could be saving by using the FREBS concept.

He says that larger motherships are planned with extended capacity in the future to keep up with the increasing size of containerships.

Mr Freeland says he is currently seeking support from the major shipping lines and ports operators to launch the concept.

If you are interested in supporting the concept, please email info@frebsmarine.com.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

Photo: FREBS

A universal cargo system promises to save operators time and money whilst freeing up ports from blockages and congestion, writes Anne-Marie Causer

CRUISE

LE HAVRE SETS OUT ITS GREEN AGENDA

Photo: HAROPA Le Havre

In this article, Susan Parker talks to HAROPA Le Havre (HLH) on how the port is fulfilling ESPO's November 2020 environmental report

HAROPA Le Havre is working hard to meet ESPO's first three environmental priorities for ports - Air Quality, Climate Change and Energy Efficiency says Baptiste Maurand, managing director, HLH. With regards dockside power supply for maritime ships, a strategy was launched in 2019 at HLH, firstly prioritising cruiseships (€20 million investment), whose terminal is located close to the city and for which feasibility studies began in 2020 with a goal for completion during 2022/2023.

With regards to river traffic, HLH, in association with VNF, is contributing to the Bornes & Eau (Terminals & Water) programme, co-financed by the EU under the MIE for €1.85 million out of a project total of €9.24 million. The project consists of deploying a network of 78 new terminals allowing distribution of electricity and water to river boats (in addition to the 13 HLH terminals already in use) along the Seine axis.

ALTERNATIVE FUELS Research is being undertaken by the port to develop a local sector centred around hydrogen - which the port says seems to be the most promising fuel for the future. Research is being undertaken to develop a sector locally, based on hydrogen which seems to be the most promising fuel. Especially since the Seine estuary site - Industrial Zones of Port Jérôme and Le Havre - offers many advantages related to existing and future industrial sites.

The technological monitoring and collaborative approaches underway around this theme are also being conducted internationally in connection with other ports through its participation in national working groups - the French Gas Association's Maritime and River Fuels Commission - as well as internationally: WG Clean Marine Fuels of the International Association of Ports and Harbours or the World Port Climate Action Programme on Low- or Zero-emission Marine Fuels.

HAROPA Le Havre intends to get better with increased supply of alternative fuels to ships Among the fuels targeted are LNG, which is already establishing itself as the alternative fuel of choice in shipping; compressed natural gas (CNG), a now mature and widespread solution for land-based mobility; and hydrogen (H2), a fuel of the future at a much less advanced stage of development. To

8 HAROPA Le Havre aims to become a ‘positive-energy’ port by 2040

contribute as actively as possible to the decarbonisation of maritime and river transport activities, HLH has made strong commitments by partnering with the World Port Climate Action Plan and joining the Getting to Zero Coalition.

The latter aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 50% by 2050 from shipping. To achieve this, the members of this coalition are committed to help with the commissioning of zeroemission vessels and fuels by 2030.

GREEN OBJECTIVES The port has set itself strategic objectives for the period 2020 through 2025.

Firstly, it intends to achieve 50 mW of photovoltaic electricity generation in 2025 and it plans on reducing its consumption by 15% by 2025 and 40% by 2040 The port will also supply solutions to supply docked vessels with OPS and other alternative energy modes for the cruise terminal and, in particular, certain ro-ro terminals or container activities In addition, 100% of port equipment using alternative fuels or electricity by 2040.

Notably, it intends to get better with increased supply of alternative fuels to ships and the sharing of best practices, becoming a positive-energy port in 2040.

ENVIRONMENTAL SHIP INDEX In 2008, as part of the World Port Climate Conference, HLH was one of the six founding ports behind the Environmental Ship Index (ESI), which rewards shipowners who use ships with the least impact on air quality.

In Le Havre in 2012 and then across HLH in 2013, rewards were given to the most virtuous shipping companies.

In order to maintain a significant premium amount, the requirement threshold for granting rewards is regularly revised upwards (today, a container carrier requires at least 44 out of 100 ESI points compared to 25 ESI points in 2012). The ESI premium is doubled for LNG-powered vessels. For windpowered commercial vessels, the ESI premium is increased to 50% of their port fees.

HLH remains a member of the international working group on the development of the ESI, which aims on the one hand to recruit new ports in the use of this index, and on the other hand, to increase the number of vessels signed up to the ESI (currently more than 8000 ships, or 10% of the world's commercial fleet).

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

WINTER 2020/21 | 27

OPINION

DEVELOPING PORTS AS ZERO EMISSION HUBS Isabelle Ryckbost, secretary general, ESPO, shares her view on how ports can become zero emission hubs into the future In 2019, the Commission published its Green Deal, setting out the ambition for Europe to become carbon neutral by 2050. The message was clear: To reach this target all sectors of the economy would have to contribute.

With transport accounting for a quarter of the Union's greenhouse gas emissions, making transport more sustainable is certainly one of the areas to focus on. The Green Deal seeks a 90% reduction in GHG in transport by 2050. Already in the written and oral communication and promotion material for the Green Deal, the need to reduce pollution in EU ports was explicitly mentioned as part of this.

Over the last year, the concept of “zero pollution ports” or “green ports” has been included in different Parliament amendments and has repeatedly been used by Commission officials, both formally and informally.

At the time of writing this article, we are awaiting the publication of the new Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy, which is the follow-up to the 2011 Transport White Paper. But we do not have to see the text of this new strategy to know what the Commission has in mind.

This year’s report for instance puts the finger on a decline in the number of ports having an environmental training programmes for employees The words of Transport Commissioner Adina Vălean during the virtual ESPO Award 2020 left no doubt; “Ports should aim to become zero-emission hubs both in their operations as in the wider range of their activities”. In that context, the Commissioner mentioned energy production and industrial activities in the port, referred to the greening of cargo and making better use of intermodality on top of the need for alternative fuels for shipping. These elements will all be part of the forthcoming new Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy.

Are Europe's ports ready to become zero-emission hubs?

What will, or should, this imply? Is there a need for a European Strategy on this and if so, what should be part of it?

ENVIRONMENTAL AMBITION The idea of becoming a “Green Port” is not new at all and gave already its name to this magazine, so many years ago. The environmental engagement of Europe's ports has always been high. The environmental Code of Practice of 1993 was ESPO's first real output. Most, if not all, European ports are aware that environmental sustainability is one essential condition for their licence to operate and grow. As mission-driven entities, port managing bodies seek to combine economic and general interest objectives, which often identifies them as “hybrid”.

The environmental ambition of Europe's ports has many different faces though, depending on the port activities, the geographical situation and location, the role and responsibility of the port managing body, the size and financial ability of the

28 | WINTER 2020/21

8 Isabelle Ryckbost

port, to names some. There is no one type of port. Crucially, the commitment to environmental management must be shared not only by port authorities, but also by all other stakeholders in the port ecosystem and port region.

A good indicator of the ports environmental engagement is the EcoPorts network which exists for almost 30 years and gathers ports that proactively seek to improve their environmental performance and management. Not only is the network continuously growing, the number of ports obtaining the port specific environmental certification, the PERS, is also increasing.

In November 2020, ESPO published its fifth environmental report based on the EcoPorts data. The report, which is discussed in this Greenport edition, monitors a set of indicators over time. It shows how among other things, how ports are monitoring a wide range of externalities, how they progress in providing on shore power supply and LNG refuelling facilities, how they communicate and show transparency about their environmental performance.

Not all is rosy, the report also reveals the critical points to work on. This year's report for instance puts the finger on a decline in the number of ports having an environmental training programmes for employees.

PORT ENGAGEMENT Monitoring progress and showing transparency is, albeit important, only one part of ports' engagement. Many ports in Europe have set or are setting out strategies to green their own operations and/or push the stakeholders in the ecosystem on the greening pathway.

Starting with the biggest, the Port of Rotterdam works towards achieving a carbon-neutral and circular port in three

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

Photo: Port of Gothenburg

OPINION

steps: Efficiency & infrastructure, transitioning to a new energy system, and to a new raw materials and fuel system.

As from next year the Gothenburg Port Authority will make use of new procurement stipulations for selected contracts with the aim of reducing carbon emissions at the port by promoting the use of greener construction equipment and methods.

In 2014, the Port of Barcelona launched, together with terminals and other operators, the BCN Zero Carbon project, which consists of taking inventory of greenhouse gas emissions from activities closely related to the passage of goods through the port, reduce them to the maximum and compensate for

I believe European ports can support the plea for a zero-emission policy for ports. However, this should be the shared responsibility of not only port authorities, but also of the other stakeholders in the port ecosystem and port region those that cannot be avoided. This had the aim of achieving an emission-neutral port. HAROPA's Green Port strategy focuses on intermodality, reducing environmental impact and spatial natural and urban planning.

Different ports in Europe are putting forward their own climate ambition. The Port of Antwerp is aiming to be a climateneutral port by 2050, by making the transition to a circular economy and investing in energy transition. The Port of Helsinki seeks to be carbon neutral by 2035 already.

GREEN EFFORTS Naming all on-going port strategies and efforts and shedding a light on the big diversity of on-going projects to become greener, more sustainable and ultimately move towards zeroemission or zero-pollution would take us too far. What I would like to convey here is that Europe's ports are already moving towards carbon neutrality and zero pollution over time.

So, allow me to share some considerations, in the context of the Commission's intentions to develop a policy aiming at zeroemission ports.

First, to deliver, a zero-emission port implies a zero-emission policy for all stakeholders in the port ecosystem, ranging from transport stakeholders to logistics and industry. Whereas port managing bodies have gained in responsibility and autonomy to set out their own policies and strategies, they remain to a large extent landlords.

They can be responsible stewards but do not have direct control over all activities and operations taking place in the port.

Moreover, the importance of the tools that port managing bodies can put in place depend both on the port governance model and on the financial ability of the port. Rewarding well performers directly impacts the investment capacity into greening.

Second, the immense diversity of Europe's ports does not easily allow one port to copy-paste the strategy of another port, nor for an organisation such as ESPO or a policymaker to develop a single, widely applicable template for the zeroemission European port.

Thirdly, developing ports as zero-emission hubs must imply taking a holistic view of the port, including its energy and industrial activities as well as its role in blue economy. It requires policy makers to see ports as key players in these areas and be ready to include them also in the respective investment priorities.

In other words, turning ports into zero-emission hubs does not only mean reducing the environmental externalities but also seeing the ports' positive role in greening Europe's economy. To conclude, I believe European ports can support the plea for a zero-emission policy for ports. However, this should be the shared responsibility of not only port authorities, but also of the other stakeholders in the port ecosystem and port region, meaning a zero-emission policy for all stakeholders in the port.

It must be a goal-based policy, allowing ports to define bottom-up their own roadmap and the related investments, certainly those without return on investment, should be eligible for financial support.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

8 The Gothenburg Port Authority will make use of new procurement stipulations for selected contracts with the aim of reducing carbon emissions

WINTER 2020/21 | 29

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