Transitioning Energy (and) Landscapes Exploring infrastructural, architectural + landscape symbiosis
Site | Brora Distillery, Clynelish
Transitioning Energy and Landscapes Exploring infrastructural, architectural + landscape symbiosis Project Booklet Part 2
Michaela Mallia Transitional Territories Studio 2018-2019 North Sea: Landscapes of Coexistence 8th July 2019 Under the supervision of dr. ir. Nicola Marzot ir. Sjap Holst dr. ir. Taneha K. Bacchin
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Index VI VII
Existing Condition | Clynelish analysis 5 Proposed Site Design | Delivery 9
VIII Proposed Distillery Design | Consumption 21 IX Impressions 41
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VI Existing Condition Clynelish analysis
Clynelish consists of: 1. Brora distillery 2. Clynelish distillery 3. Clynelish farm 4. A collection of houses. After 30 years of closure, Brora distillery is reopening in 2020 due to its cult status in the whiskey industry. Due to its significance, and even though the cistern has been sized to serve the whole area, the following proposal has primarily focused on water and electricity delivery to this distillery. To re-iterate from the previous booklet, the area has already been experiencing water shortages in the summer, with Clyne Burn drying up in the summer months. Based on extrapolated information, the distilleries use the following amount of water: Brora Distillery 9,360,000L/year without cooling 37,520,000L/year with cooling Clynelish Distillery 56,160,000L/year without cooling 225,120,000L/year with cooling
Existing Clynelish site plan 1:2000
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VII Proposed Site Design Delivery
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The Architectural Proposition The site scale proposal concentrates on electricity and water delivery to Brora Distillery. The point of departure in the delivery field are type-adjusted aqueduct columns: two water spouts columns and an inhabited sub-station column. The latter feeds low voltage electricity to the distillery via a channel under the main site axis. The water spouts feed water into a shallow pool that tops a subterranean water cistern. When water is needed, sluice gates release water into an expansive, gridded reed purification field (which is rainwater). Once cleaned, water is channelled into two new copper-clad water vats, which have been grafted onto two ends of the distillery. The building scale proposal focuses on a new typological arrangement for Brora distillery, which focuses on water and heat recovery, maximising energy efficiency within the whiskey making process, while still maintaining functionality. The stored water will, firstly, be used in the distillation condensation process and, once heated up, used in the mashing and aging stages of the whiskey production. This project’s programme illustrates an example of a how the electrical infrastructure can be multi-functional by: responding to site-specific geographical conditions; and, in turn, is able to support a threatened existing local industry or practice. The project’s cultural value is supported by the electrical infrastructure itself.
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The Architectural Design The site consists of a clear hierarchy of the electro-aqueduct and the consumer, that is Brora distillery, as energy archipelagos in the delivery field. There is a clear natural boundary that clashes with the superimposed grid, created by Clyne burn and the existing contours. A delivery grid comes off the electro-aqueduct connecting a subterranean cistern, that can store 3 months’ worth of water, to the two copper water vats that have been grafted onto the existing distillery. The water vats have been sized to that they can store a week’s worth of water. The choice to use copper stems from the desire to make the storage vessel more ornate and site responsive at the building scale; the gesture of copper harks to the distillery equipment inside. The water vats sit within courtyards, again a gesture to the water coming from the landscape. Thus, landscaping is always present in the new ground zero (wild or not), acting as the connective tissue at two scales: the reed field at the site scale; and also the ‘sub-grided’ courtyard interventions at the distillery scale.
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Proposed Clynelish site plan 1:2000
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As previously mentioned, one can speculate that future village growth will occur around a primary resource such as electricity and water. As such, the delivery field is also a public garden, which is open to the public. As such, densification will occur around a green node. The sub-station will, for security reasons, not be open to the public.
Proposed Clynelish green node 1:2000
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The delivery field’s programme consists of: 1. the aqueduct cutting through the site 2. the underground water cistern 3. horizontal flow reed bed purification system 4. underground water and electricity channels 5. the grafted water vats 6. the new distillery footprint and retrofit.
Proposed plan 1:750
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Delivery field mechanism
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VIII Proposed Distillery Design Consumption
Ballantyne Farm
water
subterranean cistern
Clynelish Distillery
vat
vat
*natural source
01 malting malting room
02 drying kiln
03 grinding mill room
04 mashing mash tuns
warm water added 25-30°C
viaduct
hot water added 64°C (wort 1) 80°C (wort 2) 85°C (wort 3)
Brora Distillery steeping 2 days germination 4-6 days
barley
2 days
2 hours
1-2 hours
grist
malt
wort
wort
wort peat smoke 45-75°C
electricity
sub-station
Clynelish Distillery
Ballantyne Farm
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removal of husks + debris
t1
t2
t3
vat
05 cooling washbacks
06 fermentation washbacks
cooled to 23-34°C
1 hour
2-4 days
vat
vat
vat
07 distillation wash still
08 distillation spirit still
09 aging oak casks
heated to 78°C evapoated alcohol cooled to 35°C
heated to 78°C evapoated alcohol cooled to 18°C
4-6 hours
6 hours
wash 8% ABV
low wines 25% ABV
yeast
wood chip fire 100-125°C
foreshots 75% ABV high wines 70% ABV feints 20-25% ABV
10 production bottling
varies
varies
Brora single malt whiskey 45% ABV
for bottling or blending 800,000L/year
wood chip fire 100-125°C
dry process cooling water for process water into process cold water direct heat back-up heating
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The distillery is intervened with in three stages. Firstly, there is the typological rearrangement to be reorientated around heat recovery, rather than linear process (this is expressed in the diagram on the previous page). Secondly, a portion of currently unused space in the building was subtracted from the volume. The water vats have then been grafted onto these walls, creating a large copper backdrop in the areas that directly use water: firstly, in the whiskey making rooms; and secondly, the plant room. Lastly, the creation of symmetrical courtyards adjacent to the water vats stems from the desire to symbolically gesture that the water always hails from the areas landscape.
Proposed distillery intervention
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01 05 09
10 08
06
07
02
09
04 01
05
04
03 03
10 07
06 03
08
03 02
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01
01
01
02
02
03
02
03
04a
03
04b
04a
04b
04c
04b
04a
09 + 1009 + 10
04c
07
07
05
04c
08
08
05
whiskey whiskey process coldpr
07
09 + 10
02
volumetric volumetric interventionintervention | site-scale| site-scale underground + reed bed purifcation underground cistern +cistern reed bed purifcation fields fields
Existing linear typology
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08
03
03
06
| distillery-scale volumetric volumetric interventionintervention | distillery-scale grafted grafted water vatswater vats
dry whiskey-making dry whiskey-making process process whiskey-making process withcoil chilled coil cooling whiskey-making process with chilled cooling whiskey-making process whiskey-making process with hot with waterhot water on-site water purified water source on-site purified source volumetric water intervention | site-scale hot waterhot underground cistern + reed bed purifcation fields hot air hot air
+ space heating DHW + DHW space heating existing linearprocess spatial process existing linear spatial cold water supply cold water supply water supply hot waterhot supply volumetric intervention | distillery-scale lost by product lost by product grafted water recovered by vats product recovered by product
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dry whiskey-making process whiskey-making process with chilled coil cooling whiskey-making process with hot water on-site purified water source
DHW + space heating existing linear spatial process cold water supply hot water supply
whis whiskey proces
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03
05
06
07
08
09
10
04a
04b
04c
01
05
whiskey process cold water zone
whiskey process hot water zone
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whiskey process dry zone
building DHW needs
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01
01
02
02
03
03
04a
04a
04b
04b
09 + 10
09 + 1009 + 10 volumetric intervention | site-scale underground cistern + reed bed purifcation fields
07
07
04c
04c
05
07
08
02
03 08
08
05
volumetric intervention | distillery-scale grafted water vats
whiskey whiskey process coldpr
dry whiskey-making process whiskey-making process with chilled coil cooling whiskey-making process with hot water on-site purified water source hot water hot air
DHW + space heating existing linear spatial process cold water supply hot water supply lost by product recovered by product
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volumetric volumetric interventionintervention | site-scale| site-scale underground + reed bed purifcation underground cistern +cistern reed bed purifcation fields fields
Proposed typological subversion
| distillery-scale volumetric volumetric interventionintervention | distillery-scale grafted grafted water vatswater vats
dry whiskey-making dry whiskey-making process process whiskey-making process withcoil chilled coil cooling whiskey-making process with chilled cooling whiskey-making process whiskey-making process with hot with waterhot water on-site water purified water source on-site purified source hot waterhot water hot air hot air
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+ space heating DHW + DHW space heating existing linearprocess spatial process existing linear spatial cold water supply cold water supply water supply hot waterhot supply lost by product lost by product by product recoveredrecovered by product
02
03
03
06
whis whiskey proces
04a
04b
04c
01
05
whiskey process cold water zone
whiskey process hot water zone
06
whiskey process dry zone
building DHW needs
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Proposed distillery programme 1:500
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09 aging + 10 bottling 01 malting
07 wash distillation + 08 spirit distillation
back up immersion heater
05 washbacks + 06 fermenting
control room
04 mashing
02 drying grist store
03 grinding admin
plant room
air-water heat exchanger
filing store
visitor centre + hosting space
proposed distillery spatial programme 1:300
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Proposed climate zoning 1:500 cold water zone hot water zone exhaust air zone acclimatised zone
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Proposed distillery climate scheme 1:500
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Clyne Burn fresh water supply (temperate + flooding seasons) underground channel
chamber 1
chamber 2
chamber 3
Reed bed delivery channel fresh water source (drought season)
chamber 4
chamber 5
chamber 6 chamber 8 chamber 7
underground channel
back-up immersion heater + water mains
Reed bed delivery channel fresh water source (drought season) underground channel
distillery latent heat recovery strategy 1:200
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Visitor centre section 1:50
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Courtyard section 1:50
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IX
Impressions
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The collages follow the water movement throughout the site. They have been taken at threshold points in the water’s delivery, starting from the electroaqueduct and ending in the distillery’s still room.
Collage impressions
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Aqueduct to Cistern Transition Main path over cistern pond and embedded electrical channel, looking towards sub-station entrance
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Cistern to Reed Beds Transition Cistern edge over control chamber, looking north towards Brora hills
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Reed Beds to Embedded Delivery Channels Transition Main path between reed beds, looking towards the distillery
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Embedded Delivery Channel to North Water Vat Transition View into northern courtyard, with copper-clad water vat grafting onto existing distillery
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Water Vat to Stills Room Transition | New Interior view of still room, with new unoxidised copper water vat
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Water Vat to Stills Room Transition | Aged Interior view of still room, with aged oxidised copper water vat
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