michalis skitsas s e l e c t e d
w o r k s 2011-2015
contents t i t l e p. 1 • studio work • baltic thermal pool park • the 6th borough • grape collec tive winestore • grape collec tive winerack • montaug residence • micromutations of the urban grid • sharkskin canopy
6 18 38 48 54 62 78
2 • studies + research assimilateive growth hyper-haptic deep sea fauna urban textures 6th borough
88 90 92 96 98
Citytech Visual Studies Cit y te ch Fa c a de D esign and Fabric a tion Cit y te ch Advanc e d Fabric a tion Pratt Institute CAP Studio Pratt Institute Urban Design Studio
106 108 110 112 114
• • • • •
3 • teaching • • • • • •
Curriculum Vitae
116
st udio 1
5
B A LT I C T H E R M A L P O O L PA R K
SU11 Architecture and Design / 5.2014 - 7.2014 LIEPAJA LATVIA HMMD Competition, 1st Honorable Mention TEAM: Partner in charge/ Head designer : Ferda Kolatan Hart Marlow, Hannibal Newsom, Claire Lawrence
7 •
urban
•
architecture
•
landscape
•
furnitur e
•
professional
•
academic
•
personal
•
competition
•
research
•
built
the 6th borough • reception
lounge
• brief
free weights
weight training elliptical training
running track
This project was an entry for th HMMD Competition for a thermal pool park complex, containing an extensive program including a hotel, restaurant, gym, spa , indoor and outdoor pools and various recreation areas . The site was located on the coast near Liepaja, a known rowing machines tourist destination in Latvia. Now an abandoned site of an ex hospital, the site compines a wooded landscape with sand dunes and a stationary bikes long sandy coastline to the Baltic Sea. The challenge was to design the building as an object that is at once withdrawn and singular, yet relevant to its context, resisting the open mall-recreation center inside a park typology. Instead we chose to condence the extensive program into a single compact and opaque volume that does not mimic or camouflage itself in the landscape but converses with it directly. This desire for discource between the two is characteristically reflected on the objects materiality. Made from railway ties stacked on a steel frame, the material is seen not as a cladding but as an almost monolithic mass that when observed from closer distance reveals a high degree of complexity and articulation. The geometry of the pools dictates the interior organization of the building mass and yet shows no traces on the exterior, amplifying the “strangeness” of the object that refuses a single reading, challenging the observer to discover different characters from different positions.
• info KITCHEN
site location: site area: house area: program:
RESTAURANT
BAR
Montaug NY 50.000 sq ft 4200 sq ft mixed
GROUP EXERCISE AREA
JUICE BAR
GROUND FLOOR - Floor Plan ADMINISTRATION RECEPTION
FIRST AID
HOTEL ENTRANCE
HOTEL LOUNGE
CHILDRENS POOL
GUEST CHECK IN
CHANGING ROOMS
THERMAL WATER POOL
SHOWER ZONE CHANGING ROOMS VISITOR CHECK IN
BUBBLE STREAM POOL
BATH HOUSE ENTRANCE
CAFETERIA
INTERIOR - VIEW OF POOL AREA INTERIOR - CENTER POOL
9
baltic thermal pool park • FAMILY ROOM
ROOMS FOR DISABLED PEOPLE
FIRST FLOOR - Floor Plan MASSAGE ROOMS
BEAUTY SALON
COUPLES TREATMENT
reception
lounge
AROMATHERAPY
AMBER THERAPY
MINERAL WATER TREATMENT
free weights
weight training elliptical training
MUDBATHS
SAUNA
MENS SHOWER ZONE
WOMEN’S SHOWER ZONE
running track
rowing machines stationary bikes
KITCHEN
ADMINISTRATION RECEPTION
RESTAURANT
HOTEL ENTRANCE
BAR
HOTEL LOUNGE
GUEST CHECK IN
GROUP EXERCISE AREA
CHANGING ROOMS
SHOWER ZONE CHANGING ROOMS VISITOR CHECK IN
JUICE BAR
BATH HOUSE ENTRANCE
SECOND FLOOR - Floor Plan
APARTMENT
LUX ROOM
ROOMS FOR DISABLED PEOPLE
MASSAGE ROOMS
BEAUTY SALON
reception
STANDARD ROOM
FAMILY ROOM
COUPLES TREATMENT
lounge
AROMATHERAPY
AMBER THERAPY
MINERAL WATER TREATMENT
free weights
weight training elliptical training
MUDBATHS
SAUNA
MENS SHOWER ZONE
WOMEN’S SHOWER ZONE
running track
rowing machines stationary bikes
11
baltic thermal pool park •
cross section - facing east
elevation - south
elevation - east
cross section - facing west
elevation - north
elevation - west
13
baltic thermal pool park •
• pools
The pools are at the programmatic heart of the pool park and are thus very carefully designed. Each pool has a unique profile, which distinguishes it from the others and allows for interesting relationships between pools and landscape, pools and building, bathers and onlookers, bathers and horizon-lines. All the pools have differing heights and are elevated above ground to some degree. This, in combination with the material of glass undercuts the usual trend to sink pools into the ground and instead exposes them as transparent objects sitting on the ground. The treatment of the pool edges accentuates and plays with the existing datum lines on site and allows for interesting visual discoveries for both the bathing person as well as for the visitors outside. At night the pools light up creating a beautiful effect evoking a set of precious crystal glasses.
top • facade material palette/ repurposed railroad ties rough finished and stacked on steel framing bottom • facade structural detail
• facade
The façade made out of repurposed railway ties is simultaneously simple and complex mirroring the character we find onsite. The wooden material blends into the environment and so does the vertical geometry of the ties in response to the tree line. The slotted windows allow precise viewing from the inside out but also generate constantly changing lighting effects indoors. The pool area in particular benefits from the highly atmospheric lighting conditions. Large skylights cut through the whole building and spatially connect the pool area with the other floors. (excerpt from competition entry text) 1 2
4 5
3
6
• left: thermal pool layout 1 childrens pool 2 thermal water pool 3 bubble stream pool 4 outdoor children’s pool 5 pool bar 6 large thermal water pool
15
baltic thermal pool park •
17
T HE 6 T H BOROUGH
Pratt Institute / 5.2013 - 5.2014 SUPERVISORS: FERDA KOLATAN•KUTAN AYATA•DAVID RUY
19 •
urban
•
architecture
•
landscape
•
furnitur e
•
professional
•
academic
•
personal
•
competition
•
research
•
built
the 6th borough •
THE REEF. satelite image photomontage
21
the 6th borough •
• premise the chemical paradigm, used here as an antilogue to the “physical”, or cartesian paradigm, seeks to engage figure without explicit rationalization, complexity without reduction to governing principles. The inherent balance and imbalance of forces, the appearence of organizational normalities and abnormalities, the momentary achievement of equilibrium and the traces of chaos appearing throughout a chemical reaction are here captured and treated on an unbiased basis as a starting point for the development of a unsystemic but not arbitrary, complex but not superfluous urban scheme. A chemical process is repeated and documented , utilizing a multistep process from manual (experiment) to photography, raster image, vectorization, and finally architectural drawing.
• step. 1
• ste p2
photo - manipula tion
ve c torisa tion
inver t values
illust ra tor li ve tra c e
c ell sha ding
reg ion c ombina tions
tone ap pro c xima tion
mid tones as primar y fig ura tion
• step 3
• ste p4
line drawing
fig ure to drawing
impor t to Rhino
ide ntific a tion of re c c ur ring themes
noise re moval
wa ter - g round rela tionship
c ur ve simplific a tion
ide ntific a tion of pote ntial e nc losures
island de te c tion
THE CHEMICAL PARADIGM. physical/photograph/raster/vector/drawing 23
the 6th borough •
• brief
•land-forming heightfield
this project attempts to piece together an alternative storyline, where the city of New York makes an aggressive to confront its ecological and economic realities. The «6th Borough» is a multilayered system, part reef-like hurricane fortification, part infrastructural web, part parceling configuration, extending along Brooklyn›s water edge, absorbing Governor’s island and colonizing the East river. As an device of urban activation, it accepts a reality where the solidity of land boundaries is inexistent. Instead, it proposes a sectional relationship that is at once engaged, direct and fluctuating. The geo-forming of the coastline acts as a retardant and influences the configuration of incoming currents. through projections of the rising water level a need for re-imagining the relationship of urban fabric+ground becomes aparent. The City’s infrastructural network detaches from the ground and mutates into a self supporting web that weaves above and around the ground and enabling the building envelopes. This relationship is investicated through a series of model studies that project the building form’s stability, rigidness and potentially cost in the form of heat mapping.
• fl o o ding p att ern p r o j e c tio ns
Finally, the project’s faux-history is documented, from its conception to its tumultuous construction process and it›s questionable impact on the city›s identity, through a series of articles, images and maps.
+ 0.00m
• info
+ 0.00m
+ 1.50m + 1.50m
location: brooklyn bridge park program: mixed use area: undefined
+ 2.00m + 2.00m
+ 2.50m + 2.50m
• org anizatio n dia gra
ee
t
pie
kly
er
no
rt
h
n
et
br
pie
idg
e
yn
re
oo
riv
kl br
st
br
st
masterplan •
re
ea
oo idg e
transpor tation networks water based land based
ll
r11
st
ll
-
br
wa
r pie
4
-
br
oo
kly
n
br
idg
e
salt water pools
fish farming brooklyn bridge park
buil ding en v e l o p es wa
ll
st
r
wa
t ee
ll
p
r st
11 ier
ee
t
lib
-
pie
r
er
11
ty
-
ha
fo
rt
rb
or
Ha
nc
oc
k
fishing shore
marina - pier5
ery tunn
pier2 str -
tt - ba el
battery park staten
klyn
Wall
broo
watersports
marine habitat rehabilitation observatory
pier3
island
am
wa
r11
pie
r2
-
pie
r4
road networks
oyster reef
oyster reef promenade - pier4
commercial district
shellfish processing facilities
diving platform
plaza
island
marina - pier2
the cove
governor’s
connec tive tissue
+0.00
+8
.00
plaza
pier1
+1
2.0
0
fish market
floating platforms fish farming
greenfield park
terrace - promenade
+2
4.0
0
subway system plaza
wetlands park
vegetation intensit y
governor’s beach
geo-formation
25
the 6th borough •
27
the 6th borough •
connective tissue • In order to succesfully mediate between potentially extreme conditions such as the dramatic sectional shift from brooklyn heights to the water level, the inability to use land as the basis of transportation, connectivity and public life, and the complex relationship between building envelop, threshold and street, it is necessary to re-imagine the infrastractural “tissueâ€? as a complex and aggressive agent. As a flexible structure, it has the potential to stretch into the existing fabric, weave around the clustering building masses to create connections to the ground, swell to create enclosures that provide the oportunity for public program and extend over the fluctuating waterscape to achieve a dynamic connection to the coastline. Rather than an an amorphous soft membrane, this coral-like structure reaches moments of intense structural rigidity, becomes when needed purely infrastructural and retains its formal autonomy regardless of the varying speeds of development of different aspects of the project, such as real estate.
29
the 6th borough •
physical model • mixed media: lasercut/cnc milling/colored 3d print
31
the 6th borough • • building
envelope
given the unique situational and temporal premise, as well as it’s relationship with the connective tissue, the building envelope is required to adapt to varying conditions. As the infrastructural grid engages the building at a height, the internal programmatic organization is organizsed around the entry point, with public program concentrating on the lower levels in direct relationship to the landscape, while more structured, private or semi-private uses, such as residence and work spaces inhabiting the upper levels. In a projected future where the ground becomes increasingly inhospitable, the lower levels of the structure are gradually abandoned and the building envelope extends upwards to accomodate the shift. The structural rigidity of the structure (as well as it’s permanence) is determined by this factor, with lower levels operating as megalithic, inhabitable foundations-pillars, , and higher levels, being much lighter and ephemeral in their materiality. FInally, the areas engaging the tissue retain the highest level of transparency and penetrability. This complex structural-material-organizational range is captured in 3d printed volumetric studies on which this diagram is imprinted as a colored heat-map
+ 20.00
+ 16.00
+ 12.00
+ 8.00
+ 4.00
± 0.00
- 6.00
- 11.00
- 16.00
HEAT MAP permanance rigidity structural intensity high cost
0
1
3
5
ephemerality flexibility structural impermanance low cost
10
33
the 6th borough •
35
the 6th borough •
37
GRAPE COLLECTIVE
2669 Broadway Avenue West / Manhattan New York Private Client SU11 Architecture and Design /7.2014-11.2014
39 •
urban
•
architecture
•
landscape
•
furnitur e
•
professional
•
academic
•
personal
•
competition
•
research
•
built
Grape Collec tive Winestore •
41
Grape Collec tive Winestore •
• brief The project involved a rennovation of an existing wine store on Broadway Avenue. The client requested a total redesign of the store’s identity from storage and shelving to custom display furniture, labelling and branding. Intended as the first in a series of stores in the New York and New Jersey areas, it was an intention to create a visual and organizational vocabulary that can be adapted and applied accross the company’s locations. Working with a very limiting budget and within a narrow timeframe, while striving to create a visually striking and functional environment was a challenge. By incorporating computational design processes and automated fabrication techniques (cnc surface milling) the maximum economy in material resources and efficiency in construction was achieved. Main design elements included a peg system on wall mounted panels, modular shelving, a ceiling mounted wine bottle chandelier and all custom furniture.
• info
area: 880 square feet budget: $30.000 construction time: 2 weeks custom shelving system in cooperation with ELFA systems custom milled Wall Panels in cooperation with BTD Fabrication
12
• floor plan
6
3
1
0
43
Grape Collec tive Winestore •
• 3d section - south wall
• 3d section - north wall
wine peg wall mounted system •
structural detail diagram •
BRICK WALL 3X6” WOOD FRAME BLOCKING 5/8” PLYWOOD BASEBOARD Z-CLIP MOUNTING RAILS CUSTOM MILLED 3/4” MDF Panels CUSTOM CUT 1/8” CHROME DISPLAY SHELVES WINE PEG SYSTEM ELFA L-System Modular Shelving
45
Grape Collec tive Winestore •
• ceiling installation
Design based on a custom parametrically controlled placement algorythm. The construction was realized with 278 wine bottles, hand threaded on steel wire and mounted on pre-drilled , ceiling hung 3/4” mdf panels.
CEILING INSTALLATION Pattern diagram
CEILING INSTALLATION Structural Section Detail
47
GRAPE COLLECTIVE WINERACK
Private Client SU11 Architecture and Design /7.2014-11.2014
49 •
urban
•
architecture
•
landscape
•
furniture
•
professional
•
academic
•
personal
•
competition
•
research
•
built
grape collec tive winerack •
• brief Commissioned by Grape Collective as a centerpiece to their new branding identity in stores accross Manhattan and New Jersey, this mobile wine rack holds 20 SKU’s (total 120 bottles). The sculpted top is based on a sine-wave equation projected between 2 curves (inner and outer ring). The form is able to hold bottles of different shapes (standard, bordeaux, riesling etc) and different sizes.
• info material : abrication : assembly :
4.5” Baltic Birch top 1” Baltic birch plywood shelves and verticals CNC milled shelves and vertical ribs CNC surface milled top on grasshopper generated toolpaths Glueless notch connection of sections pre-assembled Final assembly on site
fabricated in cooperation with Associated Fabrication in Brooklyn NY. • top piece : full scale test mockups
51
grape collec tive winerack •
53
M O N TA U G RE S ID EN C E
Montaug NY Private Client With Ferda Kolatan/Hart Marlow/Erich Schoenenberger SU11 Architecture and Design /7.2014-current
55 •
urban
•
architecture
•
landscape
•
furnitur e
•
professional
•
academic
•
personal
•
competition
•
research
•
built
montaug residence •
•brief This private residence is located on the beach in Montaug NY, on a site containing wetlands. The postition of the property on the water’s edge, and the strict laws concerning nature preservation and allowable lot coverage and height produces an extremely restricting, triangular footprint, despite the size of the lot. The client’s request was to design a house that would take advantage of the total allowable square footage, in two floors. The program would include an one bedroom apartment for the parents that could be used independently of the 3-bedroom apartment for the family’s children on the top floor. The solution selected includes a prismatic volume, partially submerged on the steep slope in the back, and extending over the landscape on the side of the beach. This duality of concealment and exposure carries through to the design of the entrance and the openings that retain a singular and sporadic character towards the back , and a much lighter, continuous configuration towards the beach. The materials selected reflect the necessity for a heavy, solid foundation and a light appearance that visually relates to the house’s characteristic surroundings. The structure is predominantly steel, clad with vertical wood planks, on a solid concrete footing that extends to the deck.
• info site location: site area: house area: program: status:
Montaug NY 50.000 sq ft 4200 sq ft 4 bedrooms 4 bathrooms under development
all work property of SU11 Architecture and Design Partner in charge/ Head designer : Ferda Kolatan
• North Elevation
+18'
+19'
20'
+2
0'
+16'
+14'
+12'
+24'
+12'
AT PROPOSED DECK
+14' 6"
AT ENTRY FINISHED FLOOR
+14'
20' SETBACK
+22'
+12'
+1
6'
20'
+12' 6"
CK
M SETBA
MINIMU
AT PROPOSED fFINISHED FLOOR
+10'
+8'
+6' +4' +2'
+16' +14' +12' +10'
+12'
AT PROPOSED DECK
4'
+2'
+1
+20' +18'
7'
+8' +6' +4' +2'
Site Plan •
+1 0 +8 ' +6 ' +4 ' +2 ' '
+1
2'
20' SETBACK
• South-West elevation
57
montaug residence •
59
montaug residence •
gallery entrance laundry room guest bathroom mudroom master bathroom master bedroom living area
open to below
bathroom 1 bathroom 2 bedroom 1 bedroom 2 bedroom 3 bathroom 3 living area
61
MI C RO M U TAT I O N S of the urban grid
National Technical University of Athens / 10.2011 - 10.2012 SUPERVISOR: DIMITRIS PAPALEXOPOULOS
63 •
urban
•
architecture
•
landscape
•
furnitur e
•
professional
•
academic
•
personal
•
competition
•
research
•
built
micromutations of the urban grid •
•brief This project attempts to confront the highly condensed Athenian grid, and its structural unit, the urban block, aiming to develop a system of transformations, a series of tools able to disengage the city from its stagnant state and push it towards a dynamic state of evolution. Beginning with a macroscopic reading of the mechanisms that produced the city, and its characteristic qualities, the research continues at the scale of the neighborhood, the block and its typical subdivision, the “polykatoikia”, in search of the typological consistencies that would justify the development of a widely applicable strategy. The area of Kypseli is selected as a case study. A mutative strategy is developed, based on a principle of multi-localized interventions at the scale of the urban block and the building, the intensity and range of its application determined circumstantially and evolving over time. Finally, one of Kypseli’s blocks is selected to provide a sample on which a more detailed application of the strategy can be elaborated, reaching the scale of the “polykatoikia” itself, where the potential for development of new habitational mechanisms within and above the existing structure is studied
1. kypseli
1
3
2
• the Grid as a mode The Athenian fabric, ever extending and all consuming, is a continuous grid, dominated by the characteristic type of the urban block. Despite geometric shifts or alterations, in essense, this mode remains unaltered, only disrupted by natural obstacles such as the hill of Lykabetus, or primary road arteries.
2. neapoli
Built rapidly through the 50’s-70’s by small scale sontractors, with minimal state regulations, Athens in its present is characterized by its high degree of property parcelling, the almost complete lack of open public space, communal services, and organization at a neighbourhood level. • Kypseli as most of the Athenian center’s neighbourhoods, Kypseli suffers from a total lack of open space, which is reduced to the highly fragmented internal courtyards of the building blocks. The congested grid discourages any development of nuclei able to organize and encourage urban growth. The built volume itself shows signs of age, with many older buildings remaining abandoned and in decay, while the dominant form, the “polykatoikia” has gradually become unable to absorb social and economic change. As a result, a large proportion of shops and appartments remain vacant for years.
3. gkyzi - a
ph
co
ampelokipoi
hysical obstacles
ommunity + services
• levels of urban congestion
• building envelope pathology unit/ basement: inappropriately sited housing+workplaces ground floor: almost entirely occupied by commercial space in partial use
A. MAROUSSI - Detached Construction
typical floor: repetitive floor plan, lack of open space, insufficient insolation+ventilation penthouse: non ergonomic space allotment. Disproportionately large balconies terrace: minimal utilization
B. KESSARIANI - Semi-Detached
C. ZOGRAFOU - Partial Congestion
D. PATISSIA - Complete Congestion
typos
• enclosed volume • Strict separation of public/private. • Continuous facade • Minimal/fragmented open space • Building stock dominated by 50’s-70’s appartment buildings, the “polykatoikia”
65
micromutations of the urban grid •
• grasshopper definition
vacant shops pilotis services community spaces abandoned buildings
interconnectivity 80%
By contstantly readgusting the influence of these factors, the algorithm provides a series of graphs, not intended to function as a literal system or connections, but rather as an indicator of the dynamic encapsuled within the blocks, a topological play that helps us evaluate and select appropriate points of intervention, those that can have a maximized effect not only on the block itself, but also on the surrounding, less alterable blocks
interconnectivity 60%
the algorithm is developed as a hypothetical tool. Spatial characteristics of the blocks such as the surface of the courtyard are calculated. Potentially exploitable spaces such as vacant lots or shops, abandoned buildings or permeable instances along the facade (such as pilotis) are enumerated. Finally, the proximity to points of interest or community spaces such as schools theatres etc is accounted for.
interconnectivity 20%
• play
influence radius
• algorithm
combined factor gradation •
interventional capacity • 67
micromutations of the urban grid •
ascent
common services
•
• •
• glade • playground
path
perforation
unification
underground parking
phase 1:programmatic shift • with the penetration of the block, and the gradual occupation of inactive spaces within its volume, the relationship with surrounding facades translates from an axial to a centrobaric one. The ultimate goal is not a total redesign of one specific block, but rather the elaboration of a process that creates an amenable substratum, capable to act as a catalyst in an evolutionary process, altering not only each block but also its immediate environment. through a series of tools, applicable according to need and depending on the potential of each block-nucleus, this alteration spreads through the built volume reaching its uppermost levels, reforming the association of public and private and providing access to much needed vital space, for the establishment of communal activities and ultimately, the development of new social structures. strategy • open spaces-atrium •unification of properties •exploitation of incontinuities on the facade to provide access •low programmatic intensity allows ephemeralseasonal functions •common ownership status encourages habitants to be involved mezzanine+basements •relocation of housing •utilization of inactive space as building-block service facilities (laundry rooms, storage, parking) •direct connection to atrium+street disengages programmatic function, allowing the installation of shops, offices, recreational spaces at the mezzanine level ground floor •selective expropriation to break the continuous facade, creating vertical galleries that provide access to the center of the block. •transitional space acts as a buffer between private and common, and direct relief for congested ground floor uses 69
micromutations of the urban grid •
• entry point elaboration
through the removal of part of the inactive volume of the building, a clear path to the central atrium is acheived. The building’s entrance is redesigned to have a parallel relationship both towards the street and the atrium. This path functions as an organizational axis, providing access to previously unusable spaces, such as back facing shops, mezzanine floors and basements, that can now be utilized as vital community spaces for the neighbourhood.
• stairway
Adjucent to the path, the stairway connects the neighbouring lower terraces, allowing them to function as an extention of the atrium accomodating sitting areas and activities, and extending the ascent to the full hight of the appartment building, allowing direct access to new services or offices, the extention of balconies towards the atrium and finally making the highest terraces accessible.
33
4
1
2
phase 2: engaging the envelope •
1 daycare center
2 sitting area
3 concourse
4 trade shop
71
micromutations of the urban grid •
• polykatoikia arriving at the final stage of this research, the aim is to test the limits of the most dominant and widespread structural unit of the urban fabric, that of the “polykatoikia”. Selecting a characteristic sample, where living spaces are arrayed along the facade, around a narrow stairwell facing the courtyard, we test the structure’s ability to house alternative habitation programs, and provide support for external structures that create new inhabitable space
• affordable family housing with shared utilities - 1 studio - 3 2 bedroom app/ts - shared courtyard-balcony - Common service spaces: laundry room storage+workshop
• student housing - 4 rooms with shared bathrooms - 5 rooms wc included - shared kiitchen between 4 or 5 rooms - common room
• family housing around atrium - 2 (or 4 in consecutive floors) 3 bedroom family houses - open plan living spaces facing the central atrium - shared atrium
phase 3:mutation •
expansion typologies • 73
micromutations of the urban grid •
common retreat between penthouses: 2.5m distance between columns: 3.5-4m
expansion/ steel plated slab is anchored on the exsting concrete structure
diaphragm/ lightweigh frames (aluminium or wood) are connected on the new slabs
filling/ parts of the skeleton are closed according to the destined use
EXOSCELETON
75
micromutations of the urban grid •
physical model studies •
77
S H A R K S K I N C A NO P Y
NTUA / 9.2011 SUPERVISOR: DIMITRIS PAPALEXOPOULOS REVISED AND UPDATED: 3.2014
79 •
urban
•
architecture
•
landscape
•
furnitur e
•
professional
•
academic
•
personal
•
competition
•
research
•
built
sharkskin canopy •
•brief
This project originated as a simple parametrically controlled panelling system in the context of the advanced fabrication course at the NTUA school of Architecture. Through continuous iterations and experimentation the goal has been to evolve the concept towards a formally engaging design and a highly articulated structural system, utilizing generative tools to push the resolution of structure and form. The SHARKSKIN canopy is generated through the extensive implementation of generative algorhythms, that execute a series of performative actions, given as a starting point a surface: • Structural analysis determines the ideal position for extending columns to the ground •Panelization algorythm generates panel pattern and two-tiered spaceframe •Sunlight analysis determines panel apertures and lift, creating different seasonal lighting conditions •Shop documentation determining all needed parts and calculating costs
• side elevation
COLUMN LANDING DETERMINATION BASED ON SURFACE CURVATURE
FORCE DIAGRAM OF SURFACE MORPHING TO DETERMINE SPACE GRID ENVELOPE
SUNLIGHT ANALYSIS: BLUE: SUMMER RAYS (HIGHEST ANGLE) RED: WINTER RAYS (LOWEST ANGLE) By determining extremes in lighting condition, the panels shape is adjusted by lifting the southern-most corner, in a way that ensures maximum shading in the summer (with light only entering through the apertures) and minimum shading (maximum sunlight exposure) in the winter. • front elevation
FINALIZED SPACE GRID ENVELOPE
SPACE GRID AND COLUMN SUPPORT STRUCTURE
81
sharkskin canopy •
BASE SURFACE
BASE PANELIZATION
PANEL SHAPE MORPHING
APERTURE CALCULATION/PANEL DESIGN
83
sharkskin canopy • PANEL COMPOSITE ASSEMBLY
TOP LAYER: pre-cast resin
Cast steel sphere link connection detail section
REINFORCEMENT: Laser cut carbon fiber sheet `
BOTTOM LAYER: Fiber glass veil membrane
PANEL ATTACHMENT detail section
85
st udies + research 2
87
assimilative growth •
concept • this research project utilizes a complex algorhythm to simulate a process of attachment, assimilation, population and growth of a family of objects on a given lattice. each “pod” determines the appropriate attachment points, extends a webbing that connects to the lattice and gradually extends the webbing on each branch. The degree of connectivity and intensity of assimilation are completely adjustable by variable parameters, while the algorhythm can be applied between any number of forms (n≥2) and any number of lattice curves (n≥1)
growth n= 3 assimilation factor=1
growth n= 3 assimilation factor=1.75
growth n= 3 assimilation factor=3.25
growth n= 9 assimilation factor=3.25
growth n= 23 assimilation factor=4.75
89
hyper-haptic • Series of surface texture explorations done for Design Finesse seminar/ PRATT GAUD, Spring 2014. Media: macro photography - Adobe creative Suite Subject: chemically manipulated leafy vegetables
91
deep sea fauna • This project explores the transition from analogue to digital media. Starting from an analogue photograph of a heavily manipulated physical object, a series of conventional and non-conventional, manual and automated documentation techniques are implemented to create a hybrid-image, part architectural drawing, part chartographic exercise, part anatomic study of this fictional sea creature. Series of surface texture explorations done for Design Finesse seminar/ PRATT GAUD, Spring 2014. Mixed media
EX1 photography composition of chemically treated leafy vegetables submerged in ink
EX2 Chartography The ÂŤbodyÂť of the creature is mapped with vectors a script is used to define line thickness and color, and populate tangent vectors based on curvature
EX5 a 3D model is produced Custom script generates a stippling image of the body
93
deep sea fauna •
95
urban textures • Series of collage studies exploring the ability of the urban fabric to continuously mutate and adapt to assimilate errosive patterns, creating the oportunity for the appearance of new organizational paradigms that overcome the limitations of the grid. The area of errosion extends over the hidden traces of the old manhattan marshlands that used to cover the area south of what in modern New York is Canal Street, connecting the floe of the Hudson and the East river. EROSION GENEOLOGY
97
the 6th borough • Part of the final stage of the 6th Borough thesis, involved the generation of a fictional history of «The Reef» project. The goal was to investigate a new method of representation and documentation of the architectural project, a method rooted in realism but conscious of the politically and socially biased
perspective that representation unavoidably captures. Hacking the layouts of existing publications, false articles where «planted» to document the project’s tumultuous proposal, it’s troubled period of construction and it’s subsequent descent to mediocrity as a partially succesful real estate development scheme. How has HowNew hasYork's New York's most recent most recent urbanurban experiment experiment fared the fared testtheoftest of time? time? 15 years 15 years after the after controversial the controversial 6th borough 6th borough projectproject was was announced announced and 10and years 10 years after breaking after breaking ground, ground, Home+DEsign Home+DEsign correspondent correspondent Greg Demetriadis Greg Demetriadis reportsreports from the from Bigthe Apple. Big Apple. Fresh Fresh out of out a tough of a tough blow from blowhurricane from hurricane Sandy,Sandy, concerns concerns about about the ominous the ominous future future that awaited that awaited the tri-state the tri-state area were areaextremely were extremely high, making high, making the search the search for a new for astrategy new strategy a priority a priority for New forYorkers. New Yorkers. The stakes The stakes were high werewhen, high when, then mayor, then mayor, Bill Del BillBlasio, Del Blasio, announced announced the "6th the "6th Borough" Borough" initiative. initiative. It wasIttowas be his to be administration's his administration's magnum magnum opus, opus, a a redefining redefining moment moment in the in city's the history. city's history. New York Newwas Yorktowas be the to be first thecity firsttocity to bravely bravely take on take theon issue the of issue climate of climate change, change, take atake progressive a progressive and daring and daring stancestance in the in ecological the ecological debatedebate that defined that defined the 2010's. the 2010's. With the With announcethe announcement of ment the of competition the competition resultsresults and the and city's the determination city's determination to starttoconstrucstart construction immediately, tion immediately, a full blown a full blown massacre massacre ensuedensued in all fronts, in all fronts, making making the, bythe, by then infamous, then infamous, controversial controversial designdesign the talk theoftalk the of world. the world. As theAs city's the authorities city's authorities persisted persisted to move to forward move forward with the with plan, the the plan, only the only ones who onesremained who remained relatively relatively unmoved unmoved by theby audacity the audacity of the of project the project were were New Yorkers New Yorkers themselves. themselves. Somehow Somehow the "coral" the "coral" (as it was (as itnicknamed was nicknamed by then) by then) seemed seemed to fit right to fit in right withinawith longaline longofline of seemingly seemingly preposterous preposterous plans plans (from (from the introduction the introduction of of
Return to the 6th Borough
Melina Philippou revisits New York’s newest neighborhood, 15 years after it’s celebrated introduction...
The history of previous ambitiuous projects realized in the city of New York, such as Coney Island, the Empire State building, the World Financial Center and Battery park city where used as a guide to speculate on the fictional timeline and lifespan of the project.
The intention was to illuminate New York’s extreme capacity for accepting “otherness” and yet at the same time aggressively force compromise, constantly maintaining a precarious equilibrium, always on the verge of collapse under the weight of it’s own improbability.
january 2028
january 2028
the grid, central park, the Empire state building, the world trade center, all the way to Battery Park city), that had been carried through contrary to conventions, with varying results. If there was one city where this kind of experiment could be conducted, New York had to be the place. Cut to 2024. A long time has passed since that debate died down. Construction on "phase 1" of the project began and concluded. Enough time perhaps, that allows for a sober and disillusioned revisit. Walking through the Brooklyn Heights brownstones, and reaching the edge of the promenade, the first impression is surprising. Not for the visual effect caused by this undulating megastructure stretching over the east river. Somehow the reality and palpability of the construction makes it almost mundane despite its dynamism. What is perplexing is that the project still seems to be a massive construction site. Empty lots still overpower the completed structures, heavy machinery, unfinished roadwork, traffic cones make it tough to appreciate what is supposed to be a "completed" project.
“
It is perhaps a testament to our skewed understanding of how a city grows, that we expect a work like this to be completed, polished and presented to us as in the highly stylized architectural renderings published before construction even began. This is, after all, an urban planning strategy in progress. The coral megastructure is step one of a multi-step process of implementing a master plan, which from the looks of it, might take quite a bit longer than expected. Some areas seem more successful than others. The beautiful promenades and piers stretching out into the water around Brooklyn Bridge park are a joy to experience, as is the short drive over the marshlands to Governor's Island, an area entirely secluded until 2019,
which is now one of the most vibrant, "up and coming spots in the city". The fibrous structure extending over the artificial reefs is a feat in engineering itself, that feels surprisingly human no matter it's artificiality.
exhibit around biomorphism in architecture and design, well worth the visit. A couple of bars and nightclubs, (the 6 being a standout) are gaining steam, the beautiful 360 degree vistas more than making up for the $25 cocktails.
Although development in the area (mainly south of the Atlantic Avenue Junction) is mostly high- end residential, nice spots have been popping up elsewhere, especially on the first "reef", directly adjacent to the Brooklyn Bridge Park that houses the futuristic East River Art Gallery. The gallery itself currently hosts an
Yes, the whole area seems a bit anemic, especially on weekends, understandably so, since it's still so sparsely inhabited. Like many large scale developments, it lacks the gritty, noisy complexity of the truly iconic neighborhoods that New York is famous for. Instead, it still feels more like a tourist destination, or a
"once a year" visit for most New Yorkers. If it will ever succeed in being one, remains to be seen. In the meantime, the Coral still stands as a magnificent testament to this city's romantic, vainglorious self admiration. The shiny structure extends towards Manhattan in a grandiose gesture, its technological accomplishment alone a marvel to behold. For all its woes, the Coral has indeed proven that New York can still be the city of wonders, and it is most definitely a must visit for anyone coming to New York.
new york
99
the 6th borough •
Hacking the Reef
domus960
Χακάροντας τον Υφαλο
July-August 2022
One night last November, two hooded young men - Bradley L.Garrett and Marc Explo - slipped through security surveilance to reach the top of the Reef’s highest new buildings. Contrary to what one might think, they’re not vandals. Bradley L.Garrett, a PhD in cultural geography and researcher at the University of London retraces his journey through New Yorks largest ever urban project and reflects on the importance of urban exploration •Μια νύχτα τον περασμένο Νοέμβριο, δύο κουκουλοφόροι, ο Bradley L.Garrett και ο Marc Explo - γλίστρησαν πίσω από τη φρουρά για να φτάσουν μέχρι την κορυφή των πιο ψηλών κτιρίων του “υφάλου”. Αντίθετα με το τι θα περίμενε κανείς, δεν πρόκειται για βανδαλιστές. Ο Bradley L. Garrett, υποψήφιος διδάκτορας στην κοινωνιολογική γεωγραφία και ερευνητής του Πανεπιστημίου του Λονδίνου ανακαλεί το ταξίδι του μέσα από το μεγαλύτερο αστικό έργο στην ιστορία της Νέας Υόρκης και αναλύει τη σημασία της αστικής εξερεύνησης
•The Brooklyn Bridge photographed by Garrett from the top of tower D. Born and bred in California, he now explores metropolises around the world with the knowledge of his formal education. After studying history and anthropology at the University of
California, and marine archaeology at the James Cook University of Townsville, Australia, he recently received a research doctorate in cultural geography from Royal Holloway, University of London
•Η γέφυρα του Μπρούκλυν φωτογραφημένη από τον Garrett από την κορυφή του πύργου D. Γεννημα θρέμα της Καλιφόρνια, τώρα εξερευνά τις σύγχρονες μετροπόλεις ανα το παγκόσμιο, με τις γνώσεις που έχει αποκομίσει από τις σπουδές του. Αφού σπούδασε ιστορία και
Κείμενο+Text
Bradley L. Garrett Φωτο+Photos
Otter, Yaz, Winch, Bradley L. Garrett
ανθρωπολογία στο πανεπιστήμιο της Καλιφόρνια, και υδρόβια αρχαιολογία στο James Cook University στην Αυστραλία, ονομάστικε πρόσφατα διδακτορας κοινωνιολογικής γεωγραφίας από το Royal Holloway του Πανεπιστημίου του Λονδίνου
59
Urban Exploration
NewYork, USA
Cultivating the creative city New York is a city undergoing constant mutation. Historical archives are filled with photographs dating from as recent as the 1990s portraying areas of the city that are almost unrecognisable today. The sprawl continues to stretch from different urban nodes, East, West, South and North, melding into one another, subsuming suburbs, urbanising not only the landscape but also the citizenry. However, the city has grown up and down as much as out. Especially in the past few decades, with the construction of Battery Park City, the Barbican towers, the new World Trade Center, 122 Leadenhall Street, Swiss Re Tower, Heron Tower, Centre Point, Strata, 20 Fenchurch Street and, of course, the Reef. These megaliths are impossible to escape, they inevitably become part of the public consciousness and are playfully renamed: the Lipstick (or Blow Dryer), the Tower of Terror, the Cheese Grater, the Walkie Talkie. In time, few people remember what the "official" name for these places was; they are consumed and regurgitated by playful imaginations. This is one of the ways we make corporate, private and largely inaccessible spaces ours. At the same time, under our feet, ostensibly more public construction projects are taking place as new urban networks are sunk deeper and deeper beneath existing sewers, gas and fibreoptic conduits, telephone lines and transportation corridors. Every once in a while, a cross-section diagram of subterranean Gotham is proffered and people marvel at the complexity, wishing they could see it for themselves. We do. While visiting these places is, for most people, vicariously achieved through rare TV documentaries with "exclusive access", this is not the case for my group of friends. Over the last few years, we have descended into and scaled each of these new construction projects in the dead of night. In the heart of the city, we melded into the shadows and evaded site security to reach the pinnacle of each skyscraper, one after another, until eventually, last year, we became the first to explore New York's most ambitious project, the Reef. It was surprising to us that after all our accomplishments as explorers — revealing the control rooms of Battersea Power Station, abandoned Tube stations, the London Mail Rail and extensive deep shelters around the city — this would be the exploration the sparked the most interest. However, extremes always encourage sensationalist media titillation: the tallest, the deepest, the longest whatever. The press called the Reef the "urban Everest" and made every attempt to link the story to Del Blasio's politics through "security" and "urban sporting" angles. The response from the construction site's security services was a relatively bored acknowledgment that security "had been tightened". The developers, not to mention the architect Michalis Skitsas, probably enjoyed the free publicity and got a chuckle out of the story. The reaction that mattered most to me, however, was not from the media or the developer, but from other New Yorkers. Of all the public comments the story received, two really stuck with me. The first was from a banker who wrote saying, "Mate, I have worked at World Trade 1 for years and watched that massive thing getting built from day one. I looked across at it all
domus960
July-August 2022
the time and not once did I try to imagine what it might look like from the top down or from the insides. Now every morning I look up and my palms sweat and it makes me smile. Cheers for that!" The second comment was from a mother of four who told me, "I came across your site after reading on the CNN News site about the Reef urbex… I loved the story and I am glad that there are guys like you out there in the world." These were of course among other comments calling us twats and vandals. It seems people either love or hate what we do, though most of the feedback we received was overwhelmingly encouraging. The media attention over the Reef story was hard on us as a group. Many explorers are content for our practice to remain on the margins, a selfish, egotistical naval-gazing adrenaline squeeze. I am not. The experiences we have in the city, and the discoveries we make, deserve to be shared precisely because of comments like these. People are overworked, overtired, bored and apathetic. They are frustrated with the government, corporations, banks and their jobs. Our explorations pull them out of that banal capitalist horizontality (even for a few moments) and elevate them into a vertical urban realm where the impossible is made possible, both above and below ground. We stroll though buried rivers, float in the clouds, run tracks between trains and find places lost to time. By sneaking in and taking photos to share with fellow urbanites, we begin publicising private space, democratising oligarchic architecture, turning abstract corporate spaces into more human, playful places, and making public infrastructure visible to the public who pay to maintain it with their tax money You can read about the historical importance of the sewers or the engineering magnificence of a skyscraper, but nothing compares to the firsthand experience of being there, folding yourself into the stories of those places. Not everyone is interested in doing what we do (nor do we want them to be!), but in knowing that it can and has been done, we collectively begin to rewrite our notions of what is still possible, in an age of seemingly constant surveillance. We begin to rework our boundaries of the known city, while challenging people to think about why they're told they can't be in certain places. The more you question the social conditioning that keeps us boxed in, the more ridiculous it seems. The conceptual barrier to places in our cities is brought about by a process of engineered exclusion. While horizontal sprawl and change is visible, visitable and affects us (examples include sitting in increased traffic or putting up with construction due to transportation line extensions), we often feel out of touch with vertical sprawl because those spaces (especially tall buildings) are built for the elite, the %1, the bankers, bosses and businessmen (yes I said men). In the case of the Reefr, apartments on floors 15 to 65 will cost 3 to 5 million pounds each. While concessions are sometimes made, such as the inclusion of public viewing platforms on the building tops, they will presumably, like WT1, be for those who are able to pay exorbitant entrance fees. Those platforms will also have a separate entrance to ensure visitors don't access the rest of the building. It's clear that these vertical spaces, though inescapably part of the urban constitution, are not built for us.
Photo Bradley L.Garrett and Hount
•O Garrett στην κορυφή του •Garrett on Aldegate East γερανού στο Aldegate East, πάνω Crane, above a building under από ένα κτίριο υπο κατασκευή αλλά construction but seemingly φαινομενικά εγκαταλελημμένο. abandoned. Opposite page Απέναντι σελίδα πάνω: Ο Garrett top: Garrett looking towards κοιτάζοντας προς το Governor’s Governor’s Island across the Island πάνω από το Εast River, απο east River,from the top of την κορυφή του πύργου D, tower D, designed by SKTSM σχεδιασμένου από τους SKTSM Architects on the 1st leg of Architects στο 1ο πόδι του “Υφάλου” the reef Photo Bradley L.Garrett and Hount
By sneaking in and taking photos to share with fellow urbanites, we begin publicising private space, democratising oligarchic architecture, turning abstract corporate spaces into more human, playful places, and making public infrastructure visible to the public who pay to maintain it with their tax money. We do it out of love: love for architecture, love for the unfolding of history and love for the experience of being front and centre to witness our cities' unstoppable process of mutation. We are cultivating the creative city that money can't buy. Urban exploration may seem like something new due to the increased media coverage recently — let me assure you it is not. The desire to explore the environment in which we live is hard-wired into us as curious, passionate, inquisitive beings — it always has been. Whether we are scaling snowy peaks, diving to new depths in the sea, excavating prehistoric house pits or wiggling through vent shafts into metro tunnels, the desire to explore is part of us. Wherever doors are closed, we will find a way through, wherever history is buried, we will uncover it, wherever architecture is exclusionary, we will liberate it. Bradley L. Garrett (@Goblinmerchant) is a researcher, explorer and photographer
• Απέναντι σελίδα κάτω: μια ζαλιστική φωτογραφία κατά την ανέλιξη στον 112 μέτρων γερανό στο εργοτάξιο στο 2ο πόδι του Υφάλου. Τα έργα στο 2ο πόδι ξεκίνησαν στα τέλη του 2018.
•Opposite page bottom: a dizzying view while climbing the 380 foot construnction crane overlooking leg 2 of the Reef. Construnction began at the 2nd leg in late 2018. Photo Bradley L.Garrett and Hount
61
60
101
the 6th borough •
Urban Exploration
NewYork, USA
Αμφισβητόντας την δημιουργική πόλη
Η Νέα Υόρκη είναι μια πόλη που περνά συνεχείς μεταλλάξεις. Τα ιστορικά αρχεία είναι γεμάτα με φωτογραφίες τόσο πρόσφατες εώς και της δεκαετίας του 90, όπου ολόκληρες περιοχές της πόλης είναι σχεδόν αγνώριστες σε σχέση με σήμερα. Η εξάπλωση συνεχίζει να επεκτείνεται από διαφορετικούς κόμβους προς κάθε κατεύθυνση στα τέσσερα σημεία του ορίζοντα, κόμβους που συμπλέκονται, καταπίνοντας τα προάστια, αστικοποιώντας όχι μόνο το τοπίο αλλά και την κοινωνική συνείδηση. Παρόλα αυτά, η πόλη έχει μεγαλώσει κάθετα τόσο όσο και οριζόντια. Ειδικά τα τελευταία χρόνια, με την κατασκευή του Battery park city, του νέου World Trade Center, του 122 Leadenhall Street, Swiss Re Tower, Heron Tower, Centre Point, Strata, 20 Fenchurch Street, καιφυσικά του Υφάλου. Αυτοί οι μεγάλιθοι είναι αδύνατον να αποφυγούν, γίνονται αναπόφαυκτα μέρος της κοινωνικής συνείδησης και επανονομάζονται παιγνιολογώντα. Το κραγιόν, ο πύργος του Τρόμου, ο Τρίφτης, ο Ασύρματος. Με το 62
domus960
πέρασμα του χρόνου, ελάχιστοι άνθρωποι θυμούνται το επίσημο όνομα αυτών των τόπων. Καταναλώνονται και επανανοηματοδοτούνται μέσα από τη συλλογική φαντασία. Αυτός είναι ένας από τους τρόπους που κάνουμε τους ιδιωτικούς, εταιρικούς και ως επι το πλείστον απρόσιτους αυτούς χώρους δικούς μας. Την ίδια στιγμή, κάτω από τα πόδια μας, περισσότερα έργα κοινής ωφέλειας βρίσκονται (δήθεν) σε εξέλιξη, καθώς νέα αστικά δίκτυα βυθίζονται βαθύτερα και βαθύτερα κάτω από υπάρχοντες υπονόμους, υγραέριο, δίκτυα τηλεπικουνωνιών, και διαυλους μετακινήσεων. Κάθε τόσο, μια τομή εδάφους της υπόγειας Νέας Υόρκης έρχεται στην επιφάνεια και ο κόσμος εκπλήσσεται με την πολυπλοκότητα, ελπίζοντας ότι μπορούσαν να την βιώσουν από πρώτο χέρι. Εμέις το κάνουμε. Ενώ το να επισκευθεί κανείς αυτά τα μέρη είναι, για τους περισσότερους κάτι που επιτυγχάνεται εξ αποστάσεως μέσα από σπάνια ντοκυμαντερ στην τηλεόραση με "αποκλειστική πρόσβαση". αυτή δεν είναι η περίπτωση για την παρέα μου. Κατα το διαστημα των τελευταίων χρόνων έχουμε καταδυθεί και έχουμε σκαρφαλώσει καθε ένα από αυτά τα τεράστια έργα στη μέση της νύχτας. Στην καρδιά της
πόλης, κινηθήκαμε στο σκοτάδι και αποφύγαμε τις φρουρές ασφαλείας για να φτάσουμε την κορυφή του κάθε ουρανοξύστη,για να φτάσουμε τελικά, πέρισυ, να γίνουμε οι πρώτοι που εξερεύνησαν το πιο φιλόδοξο έργο της Νεας Υόρκης, τον Υφαλο. Μας εξέπληξε το γεγονός ότι μετά από όλα τα κατορθώματα μας ως εξερευνητές αποκαλύπτωντας τα δωματια ελέγχου του Battlesea Power Station, εγκαταλελημμένους σταθμούς του μετρό, το London Mail Rail και εκτεταμένα υπόγεια καταφύγεια κάτω από τις πόλεις - αυτή θα ήταν η εξερεύνηση που θα προκαλούσε το περισσότερο ενδιαφέρον. Παρόλα αυτά, ακρότητες πάντα προκαλούν και ερεθίζουν τα μέσα μαζινκής κατανάλωσης: τα ψηλότερα, μεγαλύτερα, ακριβότερα οτιδήποτε. Ο τύπος αποκάλεσε τον ύφαλο το "αστικό Έβερεστ", και έκανε κάθε δυνατή προσπάθεια να συνδέσει την ιστορία με τα πολιτικά ακροβατικά του DelBlasio, μιλώντας για "ασφάλεια" και "αστικό αθλητισμό". Η ανταπόκριση από την ασφάλεια του εργοταξίου ήταν μια νωχελική αναγνώριση της ανάγκης για καλύτερα μέτρα ασφαλείας. Οι κατασκευαστές, για να μην αναφέρουμε τον αρχιτέκτονα Μιχάλη Σκίτσα,
July-August 2022
t was an almost cringe-worthy spectacle of exuberant political propaganda, when the now infamous 6th Borough project was first introduced by the (then) newly appointed mayor del Blasio in early 2014. The project was conceived and proposed as an all encompassing symbol of the supposed "change" in New York politics. The mayor's advisors tried to simultaneously tap into every current that propelled him to election(the first democrat in decades). The 6th Borough would, at the same time, be environmentally conscious, cost effective, profitable for the city but in a way much opposed to the private development-driven Bloomberg model, beneficial for the community, while being "cutting edge". In one single project, the city would redefine the way it grew, the way it looked and the way it Photo Bradley L.Garrett and Hount interacted with the environment. It all seemed like an elaborate media •Urban explorer Winch inside a hollow sectionyet, of the Reef’s hoax, to his credit, the newly megastructure. Members of appointed mayor made it his mission to Garrett’s group use nicknames to avoid identification by the see the project through. The winning authorities. Top right: Yaz inside an unfinished proposal (by SM Architects) was equally tunnel of the new metro line ambitious in its premise. Part coastal running through the Reef’s 1st leg •Ο urban explorer Winch μέσα σε community, part infrastructural ένα τμήμα της μεγακατασκευής του Υφάλου. Τα μέλη της ομάδας mega-structure, part hurricane του Garrett χρησιμοποιούν ψευδώνυμα για να αποφύγουν preventing and riverbed enriching την αναγνώριση από τις αρχές mechanism, Πάνω Δεξιά: Ο Yaz μέσα the σε ένα project seemed too τμήμα της υπο κατασκευή ambitious to succeed. γραμμής του μετρό στο 1ο πόδι του Υφάλου impossible to remain impartial While throughout disputes since the project's conception to its completion, it has been this publication's strong policy that it would be wrong to preemptively declare judgment of its success or failure. Appropriate time is crucial to allow a massive urban investment such
as this to reach its projected goals. Now, 14 years after its conception, it is time to re-evaluate the great experiment that was New York's 6th Borough. Early Success πιθανότατα απόλαυσαν την δωρεάν δημοσιότητα. Οι αντιδράσεις πουplan's είχαν την περισσότερη σημασία για The master ingenious first move μένα a ήταν εντούτοις αυτές τωνAn απλών ΝεοΥορκέζων. was real moneymaker. extension of Από όλα τα δημόσια σχόλια που έλαβε αυτή η New infrastructural ιστορία,York's δύο πραγματικά έμειναν στηnetwork μνήμη μου.to Το include Island πρώτο ήτανGovernor's από ένα τραπεζίτη που allowed έγραψε for λέγοντας: "Φίλε, δουλεύω Worldisland's Trade Center development of 100 στο of the 172 εδώ καιwith χρόνιαmixed και έχω use παρακολουθήσει το acres buildingsαυτό of 1-25 τεράστιο έργο να κατασκευάζεται από την πρώτη floors. Understandably that property, μέρα. Το κοίταζα κάθε μέρα και ούτε μου πέρασε 100% owned the από cityτην ofκορυφή New York, από το νού πως θαby έμοιαζε ή απο μέσα. Τώραthe κάθεmost πρωί το βλέπω καιpiece οι παλάμες μου became coveted of real ιδρώνουνin και the με κάνει να χαμογελώ. Ευχαριστώ γι estate country, fuelling a long αυτό!". Το δεύτερο σχόλιο ήταν από μια μητέρα που lasting bidding war that saw the biggest μου είπε "Βρήκα το site σου αφού διάβασα στο CNN names in real estateτηνdevelopment go για τον Υφαλο... Λάτρεψα ιστορία και χαίρομαι που υπάρχουν τύποι εκεί έξω head to head toσαν getεσένα a piece of στον the pie. κόσμο". Αυτοά ήταν φυσικά ανάμεσα σε άλλα σχόλια The newly founded 6th Borough που μας αποκαλούσαν ηλίθιους και βάνδαλους. commisionnary would utilize the Φαίνεται ότι ο κόσμος είτε λατρεύει είτε μισεί αυτό entirety of the profits to fund the που κάνουμε, παρόλο που οιgained περισσότερες αντιδράσεις που προσλαμβάνουμε είναι εξαιρετικά second, phase of the project, which ενθαρρυντικές. would be the biggest environmental Η προσοχή των ΜΜΕ ήταν δύσκολη για μας ως project by any organization κοινότητα.undertaken Πολλοί εξερευνητές αρκούνται στο να in the United States thatμιαof παραμένουν οι πρακτικές μας to στοdate, περιθώριο, εγωιστική, εγωκεντρική ανδρεναλινης. Εγώ όχι. reshaping the East δόση River's water basin.
It was this second phase of the project, beginning in the spring of 2020, that threw the plan off course. While revenue Photo Bradley Hount was still being generated byL.Garrett the and initial investments, the cost of reshaping the estuary proved way higher than even αλλά γνωρίζοντας ότι κάτι τέτοιο μπορεί να γίνει, αρχίζουμε συλλογικά να επαναδιατυπώνουμε the most generous estimates. Atτηνthe έννοια τι είναιthe δυνατό στην εποχή της sameτουtime, financial investment συνεχούς παρακολούθησης. Αρχίζουμε να scenario started to της fallγνώριμης apart.πόλης, By mid επεξεργαζόμαστε τα όρια 2021, as the προκαλώντας τουςgovernment ανθρώπους να island funds αμφισβητήσουν που τους επιβάλλονται gradually αυτά decreased, profit ωςwas δυνατά. Όσο περισσότερο αμφισβητείς την from supposed to start accumulating κοινωνική "εκπαίδευση" που μας παγιδεύει, τόσο properties sold on the new landfill and ποιο γελοία φαίνεται. the areas expropriated from theγια old Ξεγλιστρώντας και βγάζοντας φωτογραφίες να μοιραστούμε με συμπολίτες να cost piers. However, due toμας, theαρχίζουμε extreme φέρνουμε στη δημοσιότητα τον ιδιωτικοποιημένο and general decrease in demand for χώρο, εκδημοκρατίζοντας την ολιγαρχική developable land, this failed to happen. αρχιτεκτονική, μετατρέποντας τους αφηρημένους
γραφειακούς χώρους σε πιο ανθρώπινους, χαρούμενους τόπους και κάνοντας τις δημόσιες Broken Data υποδομές ορατές στο κοινό που πληρώνει για την It would be useful at this point to συντήρησή τους με τους φόρους του. Το portray how certain factors were κάνουμε από αγάπη. Αγάπηgrowth για την αρχιτεκτονικά, projected behave in the mid 2010's αγάπη για την to ιστορία που ξεδιπλώνεται μπροστά μας και αγάπηto για what την μπειρία του να βρίσκεσαι contrary actually happened. στο κέντρο και να γίνεσαι μάρτυρας στις συνεχείς New York was undergoing a massive μεταλλάξεις που περνούν οι μητροπόλεις μας. growth spurt followingπόλη theπου 2008 crash. Καλλιεργούμε την δημιουργική τα λεφτά In terms development prices were δεν μπορούν of να αγοράσουν. Η αστική εξερεύνηση να φαίνεται σαν with κάτι skyrocketing all μπορεί around the city, Οι εμπειρίες που βιώνουμε στην πόλη και οι νέο λόγω της μεγεθυμένης κάλυψης από τα ΜΜΕ previously desolate areas becoming ανακαλύψεις που κάνουμε αξίζουν να τις πρόσφατα, σας διαβεβαιώ ότι δεν είναι. Η Rough Waters hotspots, traditional low income μοιραζόμαστε ακριβώς για αντιδράσεις σαν κι αυτές. επιθυμία να εξερευνεί κανεις το περιβάλλον στο neighborhoods receiving wave μας after Ο κόσμος είναι εξουθενωμένος, κουρασμένος, οποίο ζει είναι εμφυτευμένη στη συνείδηση νωχελικός και απαθής. Είναι εξοργισμένος με την ως περίεργα, δημιουργικά όντα, απο wave of ενθουσιώδη, "implants". Likewise, the κυβέρνηση, τις επιχειρήσεις, τις τράπεζες και τις ανέκαθεν. Είτε σκαρφαλώνουμε χιονισμένες population growth was projected to δουλειές τους. Οι εξερευνήσεις μας τους βγάζουν βουνοκορφές, καταδυόμαστε σε νέα βάθη των keep increasing, the city expecting to από την μπανάλ καπιταλιστική οριζοντιότητα (έστω ωκεανών, κάνοντας ανασκαφές σε αρχαία grow by one million (orαπό 1/8th) by 2040, στιγμιαία) και τους ανυψώνουν σε ένα κάθετο αστικό ερείπεια ή γλιστρώντας μέσα φρεάτια κόσμο που το αδύνατο γίνεται δυνατό, τόσο πάνω εξαερισμών εγκαταλελημμένα η somehowσεoverlooking theτούνελ, fact that NY όσο και κάτω από την πόλη. Κάνουμε βόλτες δίπλα επιθυμία για εξερεύνηση είναι μέρος μας. Όπου οι was simultaneously losing inhabitants από υπόγειους ποταμούς, αιωρούμαστε στα πόρτες είναι κλειστές, θα βρίσκουμε τον τρόπο να at περνούμε, the highest nationwide, both at σύννεφα, τρέχουμε ανάμεσα σε τρένα και τις όπου rate η ιστορία βρίσκεται θαμμένη, βρίσκουμε μέρη χαμένα στο χρόνο. θα αποκαλύπτουμε, όπου η αρχιτεκτονική είναι theτην time and historically. (347.000/year). Μπορείς να διαβάσεις για την ιστορική σημασία των διαχωρίστική, απελευθερώνουμε. Generally, θα NYτηνwas going through in an υπονόμων ή την μηχανική μεγαλειότητα ενός optimistic period where that pressure ουρανοξύστη, αλλά τίποτα δε συγκρίνεται με την forBraadley new L.real estate and more είναι housing εμπειρία του να βρίσκεσαι εκει αυτοπροσώπως, να Ο Garrett (@Goblinmerchant) γίνεσαι μέρος της ιστορίας αυτών των χώρων. Δεν ερευνητής, εξερευνητής φωτογράφος was expected toκαι keep increasing, ενδιαφέρονται όλοι να κάνουν ότι κάνουμε εμείς, making the city's biggest concerns 63
The Economist October 18th 2028
A story all too familiar Surprisingly, for a project so unique in its nature, the situation in which the 6th Borough finds itself at the moment is not at all unfamiliar. As with many large scale developments, there is a period between the apparent "completion" of development, and the actual culmination of the project. One needs not venture much further than the other side of Manhattan and Battery Park city,
Proposed extent of development South Ferry
E
gentrification and cost of living. However, that trend proved to be a temporary bubble, as frequent in New York's history, a city that famously undergoes extremely violent cycles of urban decay and urban renewal since the beginning of its history. The population growth stabilized close to the nation average. More importantly, financial activity and especially real estate development reached an apex and subsequently recalibrated. The price inflation that grew from Manhattan and engulfed Brooklyn, Harlem, Long Island City and even parts of the Bronx, became too unbearable to be sustained. Out of necessity secondary financial and investment centers started to gain strength. A famous example was the migration, during the early 2020's, of "Silicon Alley" to Steinway and Astoria in Queens. Gradually, prices in Manhattan and Western Brooklyn stabilized due to the reduced market pressure. As a consequence, the high priced, extremely fragmented new land generated by the 6th Borough project wasn't (and is not, to this day) exactly an easy sell. [Interestingly enough, nature also refused to play along with the project's premise. Fresh out of the Sandy nightmare, the urgency of implementing a coastal protection plan was the Commissionary's strongest card with the city's public. Other than some slightly colder winters, New York has enjoyed a relatively uneventful 15 years, weather-wise.]
49
t as
rE ve Ri
Completed 2 development Brooklyn Bridge Park
ary stu
Best state in a supporting role
6th Borough extent of landfill post-completition
BROOKLYN
New Jersey Manhattan
C.A.C.R.
The Economist October 18th 2028
Special Report
New York’s 6th Borough
Also in this section
Assessment Time
6th Borough Brooklyn
a massive project in its own right that was extremely slow in fulfilling its goals. It is in moments such as these, (or indeed the Financial Center, the World Trade center and numerous other ambitious examples throughout New York's history) where the different speeds in which market forces and urban forces operate. Not Failure Yet? It is perhaps impossible to be 100% factual about it, but it is this reporter's conviction that the 6th Borough can be characterized as a partial success, that has the potential, in the foreseeable future, to fulfill its financial goals. Especially in situations like this, where investments are expected to accumulate from various outlets instead of large areas being outsourced as a whole for development, a certain trend needs to be set. As of this year, 18 new parcels are in development (2 more than the sum of the past 2 years combined), mainly for commercial purposes. Enough have been willing to test the water to start generating a sense of security for potential investors. Hopefully, it might not even come to the point where the city's officials have to resort to the famous secret "plan C" (C as in Casino) the Republican opposition keeps accusing Mayor Smith of keeping in his sleeve.
The luminaries of the Film world flocked to Los Angeles this week to celebrate the 76st Golden Globe awards and quiver before the unveiling of the Oscar nominations. But more often they travel the other way. Thanks to generous incentive schemes ofered by other states and countries, America’s movie capital has lost its lustre: only two live-action movies with budgets over $100m were filmed in Los Angeles last year. Half as many feature films were produced in the city last year as in 1996, according to Film LA, a private nonprofit organisation. Television drama is 39% below its 2008 peak. Moolah for moguls In America the craze for this peculiar type of corporate welfare began in 2002, when New Mexico set up a juicy programme of tax credits and interestfree loans. By 2007 30 films were being shot in the Land of Enchantment and other states wanted in; by 2009 only a handful did not offer producers some kind of bribe. It was New Mexico’s tax credits, not its vast desert skies, that lured the TV hit “Breaking Bad” (pictured) away from California For years Californian legislators clung to the idea that film production could never leave their state even as the data showed the opposite. Finally in 2009, after a beloved sitcom fled to New York, the state approved the “Ugly Betty bill”, which appropriated $100m a year to pay for tax credits worth up to 25% for productions, including some types of television, with budgets under $75m (thus excluding blockbusters). Demand for the credits, assigned by lottery, far outstrips supply. Yet the exodus has not stopped; producers
49
Keeping Holywood in California
50
Obamacare finally taking off
53 Washington finally helps Detroit
LOS ANGELES
Should California hurl more money at its footloose film industry?
Marshland Park
48
Twelve year’s after deBlasio’s “great experiment” it’s time for a coolheaded re-evaluation of the notorious project’s success, or lack thereof
I
t was an almost cringe-worthy spectacle of exuberant political propaganda, when the now infamous 6th Borough project was first introduced by the (then) newly appointed mayor del Blasio in early 2014. The project was conceived and proposed as an all encompassing symbol of the supposed "change" in New York politics. The mayor's advisors tried to simultaneously tap into every current that propelled him to election(the first democrat in decades). The 6th Borough would, at the same time, be environmentally conscious, cost effective, profitable for the city but in a way much opposed to the private development-driven Bloomberg model, beneficial for the community, while being "cutting edge". In one single project, the city would redefine the way it grew, the way it looked and the way it interacted with the environment. It all seemed like an elaborate media hoax, yet, to his credit, the newly appointed mayor made it his mission to see the project through. The winning proposal (by SM Architects) was equally ambitious in its premise. Part coastal community, part infrastructural mega-structure, part hurricane preventing and riverbed enriching mechanism, the project seemed too ambitious to succeed. While impossible to remain impartial throughout disputes since the project's conception to its completion, it has been this publication's strong policy that it would be wrong to preemptively declare judgment of its success or failure. Appropriate time is crucial to allow a massive urban investment such
as this to reach its projected goals. Now, 14 years after its conception, it is time to re-evaluate the great experiment that was New York's 6th Borough. Early Success The master plan's ingenious first move was a real moneymaker. An extension of New York's infrastructural network to include Governor's Island allowed for development of 100 of the island's 172 acres with mixed use buildings of 1-25 floors. Understandably that property, 100% owned by the city of New York, became the most coveted piece of real estate in the country, fuelling a long lasting bidding war that saw the biggest names in real estate development go head to head to get a piece of the pie. The newly founded 6th Borough commisionnary would utilize the entirety of the profits gained to fund the second, phase of the project, which would be the biggest environmental project undertaken by any organization in the United States to date, that of reshaping the East River's water basin. Rough Waters Real Estate activity Investment in the real estate sector
1
% of total
Manhattan
Brooklyn
Bronx
Queens East River Borough 2013 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23* Source: Bundesverband der Immobilien-Vorschriften
*Estimate
It was this second phase of the project, beginning in the spring of 2020, that threw the plan off course. While revenue was still being generated by the initial investments, the cost of reshaping the estuary proved way higher than even the most generous estimates. At the same time, the financial investment scenario started to fall apart. By mid 2021, as the government island funds gradually decreased, profit was supposed to start accumulating from properties sold on the new landfill and the areas expropriated from the old piers. However, due to the extreme cost and general decrease in demand for developable land, this failed to happen. Broken Data It would be useful at this point to portray how certain growth factors were projected to behave in the mid 2010's contrary to what actually happened. New York was undergoing a massive growth spurt following the 2008 crash. In terms of development prices were skyrocketing all around the city, with previously desolate areas becoming hotspots, traditional low income neighborhoods receiving wave after wave of "implants". Likewise, the population growth was projected to keep increasing, the city expecting to grow by one million (or 1/8th) by 2040, somehow overlooking the fact that NY was simultaneously losing inhabitants at the highest rate nationwide, both at the time and historically. (347.000/year). Generally, NY was going through in an optimistic period where that pressure for new real estate and more housing was expected to keep increasing, making the city's biggest concerns
103
teaching 3
105
A RC H 1291
City tech Christopher Francis
brief• 1291 is a core media class for first year architecture students . It is taught in tandem with 1210, which is the core studio class. It consists of a series of lectures that gradually introduce various digital tools to students and a corresponding series of assignments that push the students to develop the skills. Fundamental objective is the development of excellent sensitivity in representation and good understanding of cross-media workflows. Origami The semester starts with a multi-part assignment that covers digitizing techniques, basic Rhino 3D modelling, extracting linework and producing comprehensive architectureal drawings that are post-processed in Illustrator. Staircase The 2nd assignment expands on the modelling skills developed at the beginning of the semester, to produce digital models of the staircase project (part 2 of 3 projects in the 1210 studio course). The objective here is to push students to engage the software with a creative attitude and seek the tools appropriate for their specific projects. As the last part of the assignment, fundamental VRay rendering techniques are introduced.
Rendering 1
Carlos Huanetl
Renderi
Pavilion The 3rd and final assignment is taught in unison with the Studio. Students start from folding diagrams and produce phyical models that are transferred to the modelling environment, modified, developed and resolved to a high degree of specificity. Students produce a series of drawings , renderings (done in V-ray) and a laser cut physical model. Portfolio The final objective for the students is to produce a portfolio of their work, using the Adobe Creative Suite, specifically InDesign, that will showcase the skills developed throughout the semester.
info• Institution: Citytech University, CUNY, New York Class: 1st year architecture, core subject Period: Spring Semester 2015 Position: Lead Instructor, in tandem with Keena Suh, RA, LEED AP
Hoyu Wei Lu
MAPPING PROJECT 1 Jose Samboni
FINAL STAIRCASE PROJECT PROJECT RENDERING Suji Park
KEY Building materials BRICK
CONNECTING THRESHOLDS RENDER MODEL
CONCRETE
STEEL
GLASS
Ground GRAVEL
ASPHALT
GRASS
Chillion Moore COBBLE STONE
FINAL PRO Chillion Moore
PHYSICAL M
107
A RC H 3690
City tech
brief• ARCH 3690 is an advanced design and fabrication elective seminar. , offered to final year Architecture students at Citytech. This seminar was co-taught with professor Hart Marlow. The course, the second in the digital fabrication certificate sequence, focuses on the development, of parametric tools and digital prototyping techniques and practice. Beginning from the study of precedents of modern architectural fabrication-both digital and non digital- the course develops a comprehensive understanding of exemplary construction and tectonic systems, as well as allowing models that utilize tools to generate alternative variations of these systems.
I N D E P E N D A N T
S T U D I E S
EXTRUDED PATTERN
An integral part of the course involves the study of parametric modelling in Rhino 3D and Grasshopper. The course also includes dedicated workshops on digital fabrication equipment including the CNC router, Laser Cutter and various methods of 3d Printing. Pablo Zuluaga Morello
The final product of this seminar is a series of facade studies that include digital models, documentation and renderings, as well as a series of physical studies, culminating in a composite section model that utilizess all the fabrication techniques demonstrated through the semester. Starting from an Euclidian solid, students explore boolean operations to create a unique building envelope Subdivision The process of “panelization” becomes a field of experimentation. Students are encouraged to explore planar and non planar projections, wrapping and folding techniques, texturing and parametric subdivision as means to generate a methodology of articulation of the envelope The last 2 weeks are dedicated to developing highly articulated physical models that are perfected through constant testing of different materials and fabrication techniques.
+ Wooden frame and stainless steel panels Interior panels
Institution: Citytech University, CUNY, New York Class: Final Year Elective Period: Spring Semester 2015 Position: Lead Co-Instructor with prof. Hart Marlow
E X P L O R A T I O N
+ Plexy imprinted pattern and Stainless steel
Exterior panels
info•
M A T E R I A L
Primary structural support
AXONOMTERIC
Pablo Zuluaga Morelo
Facade Development
03 FINAL FACADE DESIGN
Interior View
S2 Composition The pattern is used as a guide. The units get carved away along the projection of the pattern
Plan View
Section
S1
Sectional View Voids Surfaces get trimmed. The pattern is used as a grid and a guide
EXTERIOR PERSPE
INTERIOR PERSPECTIVE A
Interior View
S1
Pattern The pattern selected through studies is projected onto the surfaces.
Indentation Intervals
S2 PLAN VIEW
Block units Pattern from contours defines width of units across the surface
INTERIOR PERSPECTIVE B
Street View
Row Units
Structure / Armature Base Windows
Facade Composition
SECTION 1
SECTION 2
INTERIOR PERSPECTIVE C
Luis Ramirez
F
Luis Ramirez
i
n
a
l
atructure : steel frame + concrete
expl ode anal ysis
window types
exploded axonometric
M
o
d
e
l
Yuliya Zavolunova
Arch 3690
section 1
Yuliya Zavolunova
section 2
interior render
Jason Ng 109
A RC H 4890
City tech
brief• ARCH 4890 is an advanced design and fabrication elective seminar. , offered to final year Architecture students at Citytech. This seminar was co-taught with professor Hart Marlow. This course investigates the fabrication of digital structures through the use of rapid prototyping and computer-aided manufacturing. The work focuses on the formal and material limits of current fabrication technologies and develops digital modeling techniques to support contemporary design problems. Projects provide students with experience in the use of a variety of tools, equipment, concepts, and emerging digitally-driven technologies, including parametric rule-based design, subtractive fabrication, assembly techniques, and iterative design processe Composites• Composite materials and methods of fabrication were the main focus of the research conducted in this seminar. Students were encouraged to develop a unique approach to concepts like embedding, wrapping, nesting, overlaying etc and demonstrate them both in the formal articulation of their projects as well as in the fabrication of their models. Modelmaking was the centerpoint of the seminar. Methods of automated fabrication such as CNC routing were used to produce molds that were cast in various top: CNC milled two part mold - Luiza Souza resins, 3d printed and lasercut inserts were combined to the composite, together with the use of traditional bottom: Form1 printed silicone model - Luiza Souza techniques and materials, such as fiberglass, thread and wiring and various pigments, to produce projects that challenge the conventional application of digital fabrication tools, and seek to redifine the formal and performative capabilities of advanced composites. .
info• Institution: Citytech University, CUNY, New York Class: Final Year Elective Period: Fall Semester 2015 Position: Lead Co-Instructor with prof. Hart Marlow
top: CNC milled 3step cast resin model - Michael Di Carlo bottom: Multi part 3d print - Michael Di Carlo
top: Laser cut + 3d print Assembly - Franklin Rojas middle: Resin and fiber cast into mdf mold and milled - Luiza Souza bottom: 3step cast resin - Anner More
111
CAP STUDIO - Pratt Institute
brief• This is the final studio in a series of four core design studios at the MARCH Program. One project, of moderate complexity, engages students in a design investigation for an urban site which includes all aspects of design development, including documentation of typical construction details. The studio course is taken concurrently with IBS (Integrated Building Systems), and students design and develop the same project in both courses.Students work in teams and are expected to engage all aspects of design development including site strategy, program research, life safety, materiality investigations, structural and mechanical systems, and the documentation of construction details. Students employ generative computation and architectural operations as research tools in order to attain the abstraction necessary for the architectural development process. Furthermore, design development in the CAP project engages all building systems. Structural and mechanical systems as well as all infrastructure requirements are considered possible catalysts for architectural strategies.
top: Alaa Tarabzouni - Minji Jung - Peter Liu bottom: Peter Sikora - Elliot Hiam - Elizabeth Van Orden
position• As Digital Instructor, my duties involved both conducting workshops focusing on advanced modelling, representation and fabrication techniques, as well as holding one on one sessions with student teams as an advisor both in design and technical aspects. Central philosophy of our studio was to negate the formal “norms” dictated by the use of specific modelling techniques , focusing instead on the design objectives of each project and eclectically chosing, and often developing, the necessary tools to reach those objectives. As such, I was expected to demonstrate a high level of familiarity with a wide range of modelling and rendering tools and be able to develop workflows between a wide range of tools and techniques as per need. 1
North Elevatio
info• Institution: Pratt Institute, New York Class: 2nd year core studio Period: Spring Semester 2014 + 2015 Position: Digital Instructor + TA to prof. Kutan Ayata
2
East Elevation
s
r
q
p
o
n
l
m
j
k
i
h
g
f
e
d
c
b
a
WINE TASTING
ELEV=30’-00"
WC MEN
COLD ROOM
RESTAURANT
paradigm
THEA SARKISSIAN ESTEBAN GARCES DENISE TANG
t
DESIGN CONSULTANT: FACADE CONSULTANT: STRUCTURAL ENGINEER: MECHANICAL ENGINEER: SITE/LEED CONSULTANT:
KUTAN AYATA SAMEER KUMAR JEFF THOMPSON MARK MALEKSHASHI ELLIOT MALTBY
PRATT INSTITUTE SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE ARCH 704-DESIGN STUDIO IV CAP SPRING-2014
RESTAURANT
GALLERY
3RD FLOOR A302 CHAIR’S OFFICE
ELEV=15’-00"
MEETING ROOM AND OFFiCES
LOUNGE
01
STORE 2ND FLOOR GRAPE STORAGE
SEATING AREA
LOCKER ROOM
2ND FLOOR MECHANICAL ROOM
STORE GR FLOOR
bOTTLE STORAGE GALLERY RECEPTION
ELEV=0’-00" SHIPPING
BOTTLING
ELEV=-15’-00"
FERMENTATION 2 TANKS
MECHANICAL ROOM
PROJECT: CONTINUITY VINEYARDS WINERY ESTATE
FIRST LEVEL
NAPA NOOK RD. YOUNTVILLE, CA
SECTION 1 SCALE 1:20
Sheet Name:
Maria Nikolovski - Zach Grzybowsky - Danica Selem LONG SECTION
KUTAN AYATA SAMEER KUMAR JEFF THOMPSON MARK MALEKSHASHI ELLIOT MALTBY
PRATT INSTITUTE SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE ARCH 704-DESIGN STUDIO IV CAP SPRING-2014 Revision/submission:
05/05/14 1:20
DESIGN CONSULTANT: FACADE CONSULTANT: STRUCTURAL ENGINEER: MECHANICAL ENGINEER: SITE/LEED CONSULTANT:
Date Scale
THEA SARKISSIAN ESTEBAN GARCES DENISE TANG
A-201
Paradigm paradigm
1 A201
PROJECT: CONTINUITY VINEYARDS WINERY ESTATE NAPA NOOK RD. YOUNTVILLE, CA
Sheet Name:
EXTERIOR ELEVATION
Revision/submission:
Thea Sarkissian - Denise Tang - Esteban Garces Date Scale
A-005
113
Urban Design - Pratt Institute
brief• The 3-semester thesis studio of the post-graduate degree in Architecture and Urban Design seeks starts with the development of a masterplan and culminates with the presentation of a comprehensive urban proposal. The studio investigates notions of the “Chemical Paradigm” as suggested by the Philosopher Iain Hamilton Grant towards possible applications in urban design. The chemical paradigm he argues, favors synthesis over analysis and reciprocity over linearity. Knowledge in this paradigm can neither be advanced by methods of deduction nor concluded as a direct result of any analytical, data-driven process. Instead, within the chemical paradigm, nature is sufficiently understood only through the act of “recreating” it. The second semester studio seeks to further refine the previously generated Geo-Urban strategies towards higher degrees of specificity through the development of their anatomies and the architectural potentials they project. The studio approaches the further development of the project in two interrelated yet distinct steps through a shift from urban to architectural scale. In the final semester the focus is shifted to creating narratives that challenge preconceived notions on the role and constraints within which urban scale intervention can operate. Storytelling is approached as an integral and inseperable aspect of design and speculative methods of representation are implemented to redefine the vocabulary by which architecture is communicated.
position•
As Digital Instructor I had the responsibility of teaching core techniques used for the development of the projects, as well as continuously provide advise on modelling and representation throughout the 3 semesters.
info• Institution: Pratt Institute, New York Class: 2nd year core studio Period: Summer, fall and Spring Semesters 2014-2015 Position: Digital Instructor to prof. Ferda Kolatan (summer) prof. Kutan Ayata (Fall) and prof David Ruy (Spring)
115
117
skills
DRAFTING AND 3D MODELLING RENDERING VISUALIZATION SCRIPTING FABRICATION
Autodesk Autocad 2016 Rhinoceros 5 Grasshopper Autodesk Maya 2015 3D Studio Max Revit Architecture Bentley MicroStation V-Ray for Rhino Keyshot 5 maxwell Photoshop Illustrator InDesign Premier PythonScript MEL Scripting 3D Printing CNC Milling Laser Cutting Model making
llll llll llll llll llll llll llll llll llll llll llll llll llll llll llll llll llll llll llll llll
l l l l fundamental llll llll l l l l excellent (teaching)
experience SU11 Architecture and Design/Brooklyn NY position: Architect. Designer at various Architectural and Urban Scale Projects both as a principal designer and as part of a team contact: Ferda Kolatan_fk@su11.com / Erich Schoenenberger RA, LEED AP_ es@su11.com +1 212.941.6494
5/2014 - Present
Citytech, Department of Architectural Technology/Brooklyn NY position: Adjunct Assistant Lecturer. Co-teaching Advanced Fabrication Elective courses with proffessor Hart Marlow. Teaching 1st year core media contact: Prof. Anne Leonhardt RA, LEED AP_aleonhardt@citytech.cuny.edu +1 718.260.4994 Hart Marlow_ hartmarlow@gmail.com
8/2014-Present
Pratt Institute, GAUD, MS in Urban Design, and M-ARCH/Brooklyn NY position: Adjunct assistant lecturer. Digital Instructor to all 3 urban design studios, as well as to M-ARCH 2nd year studios contact: Prof. David Ruy RA, LEED AP_david@ruyklein.com +1 917.691.3220
8/2014-Present
Pratt Institute, Department of Architecture, M-Arch Program/Brooklyn NY position: Teaching Assistant to prof. Kutan Ayata, for the Comprehensive Architectural Project studio of the M-Arch program contact: prof. Kutan Ayata_kutanayata@gmail.com
1/2014 - 6/2014
Chrysanthou Architects/Nicosia Cyprus position: Architect-Intern. Development of construction drawings for the Polytechnic School of the UCY, (competition 2011)
4/2013
University of Cyprus: Office of Campus Development/Nicosia Cyprus position: Architect-Intern. Main focus included developing BIM documentation of ongoing projects (UCY Library)
1/2013 – 4/2013
education MS in Architecture and Urban Design (post-graduate Diploma) Department of Architecture Pratt Institute, New York, USA Grade: Distinction (GPA 3.9)
05/2013 - 05/2014
Diploma degree of Architect Engineer School of Architecture National Technical University of Athens, Greece Grade: Distinguished Merit (8.9 out of 10)
09/2005 - 10/2012
awards + recognition 1st Honorable Mention - HMMD Baltic Pool Park competition Pratt Inner Circle Award Pratt Certificate of Excellence Pratt Merit scholarship for post graduate studies Featured Work at InProcess Magazine, Issues 19,20 Featured Work at Pratt Graduate Exhibition 2014 and 2015 Fullbright Scholarship
09/2014 05/2014 05/2014 03/2013 04/2014+2015 04-05/2014+2015 09/2012
contact skitsasm@gmail.com mskitsas@pratt.edu
*
www.issu.com/michalisskitsas
8
US: +1 917.680.9191 CY: +357 99.593054 UK: +44 07543781961
)
CY: 20 Dimitsanis st/ apt.601 Nicosia 1070 UK: 40 Drummond Crescent flt.1d Euston Lnd NW11LY
!
119
the 6th borough •