Top 10 ideas of making healthy and disease free life

List of Winners of June 2015 Issue

New Cross word Game Inside

Recent Research News

Pf. Piero Cappuccinelli

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‌..The man for cooperation with developing countries

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Microbioz India, Cover Story

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Cover Story of July 2015 edition of Microbioz India, this is world “Yoga Day” special issue and the cover story titled: “Top 10 ideas of making healthy and disease free life” as the title indicate magazine describes and selects 10 ideas which can help us to live healthy.

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Pf.Piero Cappuccinelli :A Conference infocus

This moth we perform a short interview with Dr.K.P.Ranjan, Department of Microbiology, Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior, M.P., India

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Professor Piero Cappuccinelli: the man for cooperation with developing countries, Pf.Cappuccinelli is one of eminent scientist; you can find a detailed report of his speech at On June 8th, 2015.

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Research News Infocus For awareness on recent Research news and information find collections collected from worldwide sources.

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Scholarships Position Updates To pursue higher education from reputed University/Institutions of the world, here is a list of open scholarship positions

An Interview with Dr.K.P.Ranjan

Bio-Tech Business News Infocus Find Biotech and Pharma Business News Informations latest in June 2015

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Microbioz India, Cross Word July 2015 For interest and attraction among Our readers solve Microbioz India Cross Word of July 2015

The Nobel Laureate Martin Chalfie and the Rector of the University of Sassari Massimo Carpinelli, See @ Page No.28

Editorial Lines D D

ear readers/friends I hope you all are doing well, I would like

to say thanks to all of your for giving me great support loving appreciations which helped me to putting out our great effort in each issue of Microbioz India and I hope will do the same in coming future too.

Dear friends we are going to launch July 2015 edition of Microbioz India, this is world “Yoga Day” special issue and the cover story titled: “Top 10 ideas of making healthy and disease free life” as the title indicate magazine describes and selects 10 ideas which can help us to live healthy.

You can collect top 10 best ideas with this issue for living healthy lives. Apart from cover story this month we got great chance to introduce you all with Professor Piero Cappuccinelli: the man for cooperation with developing countries, Pf.Cappuccinelli is one of eminent scientist, you can find a detailed report of his speech at On June 8th, 2015 an International Symposium entitled “From Basic Research to International Cooperation” was held at Sassari University, Italy, all credits and giving me a great chance to publish this short coverage with July 2015 edition of Microbioz India magazines goes to: Prof. Salvatore Rubino, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.

Dear friends as we did in our earlier issues that introducing our readers with Scentists/Academicians for his experience with our readers each month, This moth we perform a short interview with Dr.K.P.Ranjan,Department of Microbiology,Gajra Raja Medical College Gwalior,M.P,India,.Dr.Ranjan has deep interest in Medical Microbiologist and have scientific research publications in premier Journals.Dr.Ranjan shares his person experiences with us, Our team prays god for his best academic future a head. Dear readers you can collect number of research news information collected from worldwide sources.

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July 2015 Issue

06

Cover Story

Top Ideas of making

Hea thy

As the title of cover story indicates “Top 10 ideas of making healthy and disease free life”, we tried to sort out few ideas and there pattern in top 10 rankings. We also tried to disseminate this message via Microbioz India July 2015 Issue and create an awareness among our readers and more as to our society.

We decided to put “Meditation” on top 1st position because; the word meditation carries different meanings in different contexts. Meditation has been practiced since antiquity as a component of numerous religious traditions and beliefs. Meditation often involves an internal effort to selfregulate the mind in some way. Meditation is often used to clear the mind and ease many health concerns, such as high blood pressure, depression, and anxiety. It may be done sitting, or in an active way—for instance, Buddhist monks involve awareness in their day-to-day activities as a form of mind-training.

Cover Story

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Routine Meditation M

editation is an exercise and practice that helps in relaxation and in turns create an internal energy which helps in live

healthy life. The word meditation carries different meanings in different contexts. Meditation has been practiced since antiquity as a component of numerous religious traditions and beliefs. Meditation often involves an internal effort to self-regulate the mind in some way. Meditation is often used to clear the mind and ease many health concerns, such as high blood pressure, depression, and anxiety. It may be done sitting, or in an active way—for instance, Buddhist monks involve awareness in their day-to-day activities as a form of mind-training. Prayer beads or other ritual objects are commonly used during meditation in order to keep track of or remind the practitioner about some aspect of the training.

Not only single but meditation practices multi directly acts on our body system and boost our body in fighting number of chronic disease apart from these meditation also promotes stimulation of releasing of number of body hormones which in turns helps in proper mechanism of number metabolic activity.

Meditation practices is now improving day by day around the globe recently we all celebrate “International Yoga Day on 21st June 2015� on the same date number communities around the world learned yoga and practices in huge numbers.Govt of India decided to include yoga and practices in course syllabi of school going students and even at college level.

Here we kept routine meditation on top 1st to keep our life healthy, Because of there is no side effects not so costly and could be performed at your home routinely.So,start living fresh and healthy with routine meditation.

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July 2015 Issue

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02 Healthy foods & pure drinking water Foods and water play an important role for living and it’s like fuel for our body system to provide energy for better performance of different body activities. Actively and provide energy for but all credits of these all goes to what we eat and drink in our daily life. Polluted and infected Foods promote to main sole source of energy for our brain and all our body parts and several other disease like Learning and memory, illnesses such as depression, schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease benefit from a healthy, reduced-calorie diet that includes a variety of colorful fruits and vegetables and fish high in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon etc.

According to blog published in SFGATE (Healthy): Eating a healthy diet keeps you physically and mentally fit. When you look good, you feel good and you have self-confidence and fewer inhibitions; you are more outgoing and have a greater capacity for enjoying life. Unhealthy food choices lead to obesity and illness, prevent you from socializing with friends and family, zap your energy, leaving nothing for you to look forward to at the end of the day other than being home, sprawled out on your couch.

Because of foods and drinking water related with our daily life and exerting positive and negative effects in our daily life so we recommend you all and disseminate this news and information through this issue of Microbioz India.

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July 2015 Issue

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Cover Story

03 Avoiding Junk foods in daily life

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s increasing population and modernity and more as its 21st Century where “Junk Foods” are so common in our daily

life and most favourate among us.

"Junk food" generally refers to foods that contribute lots of calories but little nutritional value. Of course, what's considered "junk food" depends on whom you ask. Some might say pizza is junk food, for example. But I personally don't think so, since it contributes real food with nutrients, like cheese and tomato sauce. Add whole-wheat or part wholewheat crust, plus veggies as a topping, and I'd say pizza completely exits the junk food category.

One problem with junk foods is that they're low in satiation value -- that is, people don't tend to feel as full when they eat them -- which can lead to overeating. Another problem is that junk food tends to replace other, more nutritious foods.

When people drink lots of soda, for example, they are usually not getting plenty of low-fat dairy or other healthful beverages like green tea or orange juice. By-Web Med According to news report published in Sunday Express, Junk food also play an important role in memory loss. According to news report: “Trans fat consumption has been linked to higher body weight, more aggression and heart disease. As I tell patients, while trans fats increase the shelf life of foods, they reduce the shelf life of people.” The study, presented at the American Heart Association’s ­Scientific Sessions in Chicago, looked at adults not diagnosed with heart disease, including men aged 20 or older and postmenopausal women.

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July 2015 Issue

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Cover Story

04 “No Smoking”accepts term in your Individual life

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icotine is a drug in a tobacco smoke that cause smokers to take it regularly to live normal. Smoking mostly effects

our Respiratory System and it includes irritation of the trachea (windpipe) and larynx (voice box)reduced lung function and breathlessness due to swelling and narrowing of the lung airways and excess mucus in the lung passages, Impairment of the lungs’ clearance system, leading to the build-up of poisonous substances, which results in lung irritation and damage apart from these long terms smoking can also effects our respiratory system and leads to birth of number of deadly respiratory diseases. According to blog titled: Health line: Cigarettes contain about 600 ingredients. When they burn, they generate more than 7,000 chemicals, according to the American Lung Association. Many of those chemicals are poisonous and at least 69 of them can cause cancer. Many of the same ingredients are found in cigars and in tobacco used in pipes and hookahs. According to the National Cancer Institute, cigars have a higher level of carcinogens, toxins, and tar than cigarettes. When using a hookah pipe, you’re likely to inhale more smoke than you would from a cigarette. Hookah smoke has many toxic compounds and exposes you to more carbon monoxide than cigarettes do. Hookahs also produce more secondhand smoke.

Over all as we titled this point that we need to accept most common term used by number of community that is accept “No Smoking” term in our daily life.

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July 2015 Issue

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Cover Story

05 Avoiding Chewing Tobacco

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umber of Asian Countries used to chewing Tobacco/Pan Masala on regular basis and they all ignores number of guide

lines issued by WHO, CDC and number of health NGOs and International organization. Chewing tobacco causes deaths of thousands of peoples on monthly basis via cancer like diseases. Chewing tobacco is known to contain at least 28 cancercausing chemicals, medically known as carcinogens. The main carcinogens in chewing tobacco are the tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs). Some of the other cancer-causing agents found in chewing tobacco are formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, arsenic, benzopyrene, nickel, and cadmium. Many people mistakenly believed that snus is a safe form of chewing tobacco because it is steam-heated rather than fermented when produced in Norway or Sweden, causing it to have fewer nitrosamines.

Nicotine is also found in snuff and chewing tobacco, like all tobacco products. Although nicotine is absorbed more slowly from chewing tobacco than from cigarettes, 3 to 4 times more nicotine is absorbed from chewing tobacco than from a cigarette, and the nicotine from chewing tobacco remains longer in the bloodstream. Nicotine is the substance responsible for tobacco addiction. So we should avoid chewing tobacco and live happily.

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July 2015 Issue

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Cover Story

06 Avoiding over Consumption of alcohol

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t is well known that and provided by number of blog and medical health news providing agencies that over dose of alcohol

consumption is triggering number of deadly disease and most common one is “Liver Cirrhosis� and number of other troubles like cardiovascular diseases,Cancer,Anemia, "Habitual drinking increases the risk of cancer," says Jurgen Rehm, PhD, chairman of the University of Toronto's department of addiction policy and a senior scientist at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, also in Toronto.(in Web med Press).

Alcohol risk appears after continuous drinking of several years and mostly results after kidney failures. In our common and daily life alcohol also causes number of automobile accidents and car crashes, Most of them are related when driver used to drink while driving.

The risk includes in over consumption of alcohol is low blood pressure, cancer, neural disorders, women having pregnancy should highly avoid consumption of alcohol because it may leads to damage in development of baby.

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July 2015 Issue

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Cover Story

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Live confidential & stress free life

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n present scenario if we look on life style of any person like Corporate, Common peoples, Students, Celebrities each one

are suffering with this one of the most common problems.

Several researches and studies suggest that stress management is one of most important part to keep our life so happy and healthy. Stress boosts number of health troubles which mostly includes Cardiac, Gastro, Neural and even respiratory problems.

According to blog named Health Guide: Stress isn’t always bad. In small doses, it can help you perform under pressure and motivate you to do your best. But when you’re constantly running in emergency mode, your mind and body pay the price.

You can protect yourself by recognizing the signs and symptoms of stress and taking steps to reduce its harmful effects. By using different tips of management of stress we all can cope up with stress and problems related with stress. Stress management starts with identifying the sources of stress in your life. This isn’t as easy as it sounds. Your true sources of stress aren’t always obvious, and it’s all too easy to overlook your own stress-inducing thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Sure, you may know that you’re constantly worried about work deadlines. But maybe it’s your procrastination, rather than the actual job demands, that leads to deadline stress.

So we suggest you for working hard and keep your stress away from your daily life.

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July 2015 Issue

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Cover Story

Avoiding consumption of fatty foods and control your body weight

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It is most common and well known that increased body weight leads number of cardiac and other related health troubles, Number of researches suggest number fatty foods are most important part of triggering body weight increase. According to SFGate health blog site: Although you need a certain amount of dietary lipids – especially the ones that provide essential fatty acids – in the foods you eat, consuming large amounts of fats and oils can prove detrimental to your health. In addition, the types of fats and oils you take in each day can impact your health status. Three areas of particular concern in regard to lipid consumption are obesity, cardiovascular disease and several types of cancer. Obesity. As weight increases above a body mass index of about 28, so does risk of premature death. Obesity is a risk factor for heart disease, several cancers, hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. It is a problem only in countries with high-fat diets. In addition to being hazardous to health, obesity is also an economic handicap. Obese people earn less money than those who are slimmer. Heart Disease, The nation's leading cause of death, heart disease kills 720,000 Americans a year, most as a result of heart attacks. About one American in four suffers some form of heart disease. Heart disease results from a process called atherosclerosis, which is directly linked to dietary fat.

Fatty foods are high in cholesterol and free radicals.

Free radicals are oxygen molecules that have lost an electron, and become highly reactive. As they circulate in the blood, they snatch electrons away from other molecules, sometimes grabbing them from the cells that line artery walls.

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July 2015 Issue

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Cover Story

09 Routine health check ups

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outine health checkups can give us to live disease free life and if we are in risk of few hidden disease then we aware

and trying to control and stop disease symptoms before it become more serious. The body needs routine maintenance, no matter how many miles you have on it. Some men never get that care, and end up breaking down on the road, so to speak. For many that's because they have no dealership to remind them when they're due for service.

"People bounce around from doctor to doctor and no one is really working with them on an ongoing basis," says Rick Kellerman, MD, president-elect of the American Family Physicians, who practices in Wichita, Kan. –By-Web Med Regular health exams and tests can help find problems before they start. They also can help find problems early, when your chances for treatment and cure are better. By getting the right health services, screenings, and treatments, you are taking steps that help your chances for living a longer, healthier life. Your age, health and family history, lifestyle choices (i.e. what you eat, how active you are, whether you smoke), and other important factors impact what and how often you need healthcare. Over all we would like to inform you all to keep good awareness about different health risks and live healthy.

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July 2015 Issue

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Cover Story

10 Avoiding exposure of high risk of sexual relations

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igh risk of exposure to sexual relation leads to number of sexually transmitted diseases, the most common one

is AIDS. Safe sex is having sexual contact while protecting yourself and your sexual partner against sexually transmissible infections (STIs) and unplanned pregnancy. Sexual contact that doesn’t involve the exchange of semen, vaginal fluids or blood between partners is considered to be safe sex.Unsafe sex may put you or your partner at risk of STIs such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis, HIV or hepatitis B, or may result in an unplanned pregnancy.

Unsafe sex outside of a monogamous relationship increases your risk of getting a STI. So avoiding high risks in sexual behavior help us in prevention and cure of sexually transmitted diseases.

Accepting number precaution while sexual intercourse, avoiding multigamous sexual relations are most common.

Way of avoiding the risk of sexually transmitted diseases.

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July 2015 Issue

17

Recent Researches

Regulation of methane emission in fresh water wetlands Story Source: University of Georgia Published Date: 30/06/2015

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reshwater wetlands are largest source of methane excretion in the environments, Scientists from University of Georgia

recently finds a mechanism of regulating this methane. The study published in Nature Communications by: Samantha Joy and Colleagues, describes how high rates of anaerobic methane oxidation, a process once considered insignificant in these environments, substantially reduce atmospheric emissions of methane from freshwater wetlands. According to study: "This paper reports a previously unrecognized sink for methane in freshwater sediments, soils and peats: microbially mediated anaerobic oxidation of methane," said Joye, UGA Athletic Association Professor of Arts and Sciences and a professor of marine sciences. "The fundamental importance of this process in freshwater wetlands across broad biogeographic provinces underscores the critical role that anaerobic oxidation of methane plays on Earth, even in freshwater habitats."

Joye noted that absent this process, methane emissions from freshwater wetlands could be 30 to 50 percent greater."This study furthers the understanding of the global methane budget and may have ramifications for the development of future greenhouse gas models," said study co-author Katherine Segarra, an oceanographer at the U.S. Department of the Interior's Bureau of Ocean Energy Management.

The team of researchers investigated three fresh water wetlands which includes: The freshwater peat soils of the Florida Everglades; a coastal organic-rich wetland in Acadia National Park, Maine; and a tidal freshwater wetland in coastal Georgia.

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July 2015 Issue

18

Recent Researches

Marine Algae, Better equipped to cope well with climate change Story Source

: The University of Edinburgh

By

: Dr Sinead Collins, School of Biological Sciences

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esearchers from University of Edinburgh, School of Biological Sciences, identifies that Phytoplankton are well exposed to

fluctuate CO2 levels, better able to cope up with further changes in environment, According to studies : The study grew phytoplankton at the high carbon dioxide levels predicted for the year 2100 and beyond. The algae was allowed to evolve through 400 generations, with some exposed to varying levels of CO2 and some kept at constant CO2 levels.

Researchers found that phytoplankton exposed to fluctuating CO2 levels was better able to cope with further changes in conditions, compared with algae grown in stable CO2 levels. The finding suggests that populations of the algae will adapt more to the varied conditions expected in future than was previously thought based on experiments at stable conditions. These factors may impact on how well marine animals can feed off phytoplankton, and how efficiently the algae is able to take carbon out of the atmosphere and sink to the deep ocean.

Plankton in some regions of the ocean may evolve more than others under global climate change, because some regions of ocean are currently more variable than others.

The studies, published in the International Society for Microbial Ecology journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society B, were supported by the Royal Society, the European Commission, and the Scottish Universities Life Sciences Alliance.

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July 2015 Issue

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Recent Researches

Humans & Mosquitoes genetic arms race, track by scientists

Story Source: University of South California By

: Robert Perkins

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cientists of United States & Russia studying mosquitoes in various environments and finally declared that, between 5 and 20

percent of a mosquito population’s genome is subject to evolutionary pressures at any given time — creating a strong signature of local adaptation to environment and humans.

This suggests, individual populations are likely to have evolved resistance to whatever local selection pressures are typical in their area — and that understanding the genomes of those populations could one day help inform agencies about which pesticides are likely to be most effective against them. “Mosquitoes adapt to heat, lifestyle, pesticides and so on — and we see traces of that in their genome,” said Sergey Nuzhdin, USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences professor and corresponding author of the study, which was published by Proceedings of the Royal Society B on June 17.

Survival Rates For the study, scientists in the U.S. and Russia teamed up to sequence the genomes of various populations of mosquitoes — looking at urban and suburban mosquitoes in their countries and also at two different but related species: Culex pipiens and Culex torrentium.They then tracked which genes were evolving the fastest by noting which were preserved most accurately in each genome.

Genes are subject to various copying errors. If there are a lot of variations throughout a population of a specific gene, then it probably isn’t crucial to their survival. If, however, all members of a population have a near perfect copy of a given gene, then there’s a good chance that natural selection is acting on it.

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July 2015 Issue

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Image Credit: Alfred Wegener Institute

Recent Researches

Entering of Micro plastics in ocean food web through zooplankton News Source: Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre Date

: June29, 2015

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esearcher from Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre opens first time mysterious evidence over role of zooplankton in

entrance of micro plastics in ocean food web. According to a new study by Dr. Peter Ross, head of the Ocean Pollution Research Program at Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre, tiny microscopic animals called zooplankton are ingesting plastic particles at an alarming rate. This could spell trouble for the entire aquatic food web. In a scientific paper released June 12 in the international journal Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Dr. Ross and his co-authors, Jean-Pierre Desforges and Moira Galbraith, report on microplastic particles found in two key species of zooplankton found in the Northeast Pacific Ocean: copepods and euphausiids. The findings show plastic in one out of every 34 copepods, and in one in every 17 euphausiids. This raises troubling questions about species that rely on these invertebrates for food, such as B.C. salmon.

According to Original article: “Zooplankton represents a critical energy source in the world’s oceans and a vital food for many fish and marine mammal species. Most salmon species feed heavily on copepods and euphausiids during their juvenile and adult life stages. The potential transfer of micro plastics in the food web, from zooplankton to Pacific salmon that ingest them, would be a great concern given the importance of salmon in our regional ecosystems,” said Dr. Ross. “These particles could pose a serious risk of physical harm to the marine animals that consume them, potentially blocking their gut or leaching chemicals into their bodies.”

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July 2015 Issue

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Recent Researches

Healthy diet linked to lower death rates

Story Source: Vanderbilt University BY

: Craig Boerner

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ntake of healthy diets lowers the rates number cardiac, cancer and other severe health troubles among a population of low-

income individuals living in the Southeastern U.S., India the recent research findings of Vanderbilt University. The study by first author Danxia Yu, Ph.D., Vanderbilt research fellow, and lead author Wei Zheng, M.D., Ph.D., MPH, director of the Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and chief of the Division of Epidemiology was published in the latest issue of the journal PLOS Medicine.

According to findings: The investigators analyzed data from the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS) which includes 84,735 adults, ages 40-79, recruited from 2002- 2009, mostly through community health centers serving low-income populations in 12 Southeastern states.

More than half of the participants had an annual household income of less than $15,000 and 65 percent were African-American.

At the time of recruitment, participants responded to a detailed food frequency questionnaire which noted the types and amounts of foods in their usual diet. For this follow-up study the investigators used the federal government’s Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA), and the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) to assess the healthfulness of the participants’ diets. The DGA emphasizes a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, seafood, legumes and nuts; moderate in low- or non-fat dairy and alcohol; and low in red and processed meats, sugar-sweetened foods and drinks and refined grains.

“This is the first study to our knowledge reporting this association in a low-income population that largely comprises AfricanAmericans,” said Zheng, the Anne Potter Wilson Professor of Medicine. “These findings present direct evidence that dietary modification may influence disease prevention in this underserved population.”

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July 2015 Issue

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Business News

Extending partnerships between GVK bio and Akaal Pharma News Credit: The Economic Times

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VK Bio,a Pharmaceutical research company extended its business partnership with Australia based company named Akaal

Pharma, for scale-up of its novel topical AKP-11 ointment to support Phase II clinical study in psoriasis. GVK Bio Senior Vice President, Formulation R and D Seetharaju Gembali said, "Strengthening of our partnership with Akaal Pharma is testimonial to our expertise in the formulation development and we look forward to working with other clients."

Akaal Pharma CEO Dale Dhanoa said, "We are excited to advance our first-in-class multi-modal acting topical drug candidate AKP-11 into Phase II stage of clinical development for the treatment of psoriasis.

"There are several other inflammatory diseases that we are targeting with our clinical compound and are currently exploring various formulations for its topical applications."

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July 2015 Issue

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Special Report Professor Piero Cappuccinelli: the man for cooperation with developing countries Prof. Salvatore Rubino, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; Editor in Chief, Journal of Infection in Developing Countries

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n June 8th, 2015 an International Symposium entitled “From Basic Research to International Cooperation” was held at

Sassari University, Italy, in honor of prof. Piero Cappuccinelli to celebrate his activity as Full professor of Clinical Microbiology and internationally considered the “man for cooperation with developing countries”.

A mentor for hundreds of students, medical doctors and laboratory specialists mostly coming from developing countries and particularly from Vietnam in the recent period, Professor Cappuccinelli gave a speech during this prestigious International Symposium beside the key lecture of the Nobel Laureate Martin Chalfie, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, USA with a speech on “Green Fluorescent Protein: Lighting Up Life”.

Three additional international Speakers, involved in International Cooperation projects gave a speech during the conference: David Kelvin from University Health Network (Toronto, Canada and, International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China illustrated his research results on: “China, Chickens, and the Ancient Emergence of Bird Flu2; Guido Forni from the National Lincean Academy, Rome, Italy, illustrated his research activities on “Vaccines and Cancer”, Mauro Colombo, Center of Biotechnologies, University of Maputo, Mozambique, gave a speech on “Cholera in Africa: a global issue that should be faced by an international cooperation.”

More than 250 attendees and the most prestigious representatives from the local University and public Institutions attended to the Symposium.

On the 31st of October 2014, Piero Cappuccinelli (virtually) retired after 44 years of studies and research in the field of basic science, clinical microbiology and parasitology. Piero was born in Dronero (Cuneo, Italy), in 1944. He achieved the Medical Doctor degree in Turin in 1970 working with a pioneer of immunology and microbiology in Italy, Professor Giorgio Cavallo. He immediately became Assistant Professor at the Institute of Microbiology, University of Torino. In 1970-71 he started his experience with developing countries at the College of Medicine, University of Liberia, and Monrovia as he was granted an Italian cooperation fellowship for research and training in immunology and tropical microbiology, in collaboration with the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany. In 1973 he obtained the postgraduate specialty certificate in Microbiology and Virology at the University of Torino. He moved in 1974 to Sardinia as Associate Professor of Microbiology at Sassari University: this was the beginning of an important scientific carrier; as a first step he established an internationally well-known school of microbiologists.

He then became director of the Specialty School in Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari and head of the Clinical Microbiology Laboratories at the University Hospital.

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July 2015 Issue

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The Nobel Laureate Martin Chalfie and the Rector of the University of Sassari Massimo Carpinelli

Special Report He worked locally on the Island of Sardinia to develop projects involving scientific innovation and International cooperation. For these reasons he was appointed as President of the Sassari Research Area of the National Research Council (CNR) from 1995 to 2001 and in the same period he became the Chairman of the Committee for international cooperation of the University of Sassari (1998-2010). Between 2004 and 2010 he served as Vice-president of the Sardinia Governmental Agency (Sardegna Ricerche) for applied research, economic development and implementation of the regional Science and Technology Park known as Polaris.

Until recently, he has been one of the fellows and members of the International PhD School on Bimolecular and Biotechnological Sciences (University of Sassari).

For what concerns the international level he is a member of several scientific societies, such as: American Society for Microbiology, European Cell Biology Organisation, and Italian Society for Microbiology (Member of the Executive Committee in 1992-2001), Italian Society of Protozoology (President from 1991-1995), and American Society for Protozoology (Member of the Executive Committee in 1992-96).

He received several awards during his career, only the most prestigious are going to be mentioned: Honorary Visiting Consultant, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, India; Honorary Professor, Huè University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Huè City, Vietnam; Medal “For the cause of health”, Vietnam Government, Ministry of Health and he is a prestigious member of the Italian Lincean National Academy (Academia Nazionale dei Lincei).

In 1970 he started to work on the cytoskeleton of the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum and then on Trichomonas vaginalis and enteric infections, especially on Cholera. He was granted an EMBO long-term fellowship by the Department of Biology, University of Essex, U.K, to carry out research activities in molecular and cell biology of eukaryotic microorganisms and published several relevant papers in international journals.

In 1986 he started his collaboration with the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs becoming a long-term consultant for the Italian Cooperation in Mozambique and was appointed as the head of programmes on epidemiological surveillance, infectious diseases control and training of health personnel. After this two-year experience in Mozambique till today, he performed several missions as short-term consultant of the Italian Cooperation as well as for European and international Agencies in Albania, Angola, Chad, China, D.R. Congo, Ecuador, Egypt, India, Iraq, Laos, Lesotho, Libya, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Vietnam, Zambia, and Zimbabwe for programmes based on university cooperation, scientific infrastructure organization and technology transfer, training of health personnel, epidemiological surveillance and control of infectious diseases. He has been scientific director for long-term projects of the Italian cooperation in Mozambique from 1986 to 1988. Then he organized a laboratory-based epidemiological surveillance network and training for laboratory personnel in Angola from 1997-to 2002; he set up the National Public Health Laboratories and organized an epidemiological surveillance network in Mozambique from 2003 till now, to give Institutional support to the College of Medicine and the Biotechnology Centre, E. Mondlane University, Maputo.

He carried out short missions in years 2003-2007 in Zimbabwe at the University of Zimbabwe where he worked to set up a centre for training, reference and research on enteric and urogenital infections. Recently he served in Iraq from 2010 to 2014 in DhiQar Province and Kurdistan Autonomous Region.

Recently he implemented different training and capacity building activities for improving clinical attainment of the Provincial Hospitals in Vietnam, between 2007-2012 at Huè University of Medicine and Pharmacy, where he founded the Carlo Urbani Centre on training, research and reference for control of respiratory infections in central Vietnam. Since 2011 he also worked at Huè University of Medicine and Pharmacy setting up an International Institute for Biomedical Research and Biotechnology.

During his Scientific career he was author of more than 200 works published on Italian and international journals and books as well as author and editor in 4 scientific books. His main research areas being: mechanisms of virulence and antibiotic resistance of microbial pathogens; molecular methods for diagnosis of infectious diseases; molecular epidemiology and control of infectious diseases in tropical countries.

As Piero Cappuccinelli is also one of the founders and Senior Editor of the Journal of infections in Developing Countries, the Editorial Board and staff decided to dedicate a Special Issue of JIDC to a master of life, science and a researcher with high sensibility for health issues in developing countries.

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Scholarship Updates

PhD Fellowship on Pharmacology and Pathology at University of Copenhagen in Denmark, 2015 About Scholarship University of Copenhagen is inviting applications for PhD Fellowship on the pharmacology and pathology of immune complex formation following administration of human antibodies to rats at the LIFEPHARM Centre. Salary and other terms and conditions of appointment are set in accordance with the Agreement between the Ministry of Finance and AC (Danish Confederation of Professional Associations) or other relevant professional organizations.

Eligibility  MSc in a biological science, veterinary medicine, medicine or other equivalent degree with a special interest in topics such as pharmacology and animal research.  Documented experience within experimental animal work.  Experience within experimental pharmacology.

How to Apply You can apply for the Holland Scholarship at the Dutch institution of your choice. The institution will select those who will be granted the scholarship. You can find an overview of participating Dutch research universities and universities of applied sciences, as well as selected fields of study.

Deadline The application deadline is 9 August 2015.

For Details http://jobportal.ku.dk/phd/?show=745348

Towards in silico IBV vaccine design: defining the role of polymorphism in viral attenuation About Scholarship Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a constant threat to poultry production and requires constant vaccine production as new pathogenic strains emerge. This project will involve using contemporary molecular biological methods, next generation sequencing and bioinformatics. We have generated a deep sequence dataset which provides a preliminary map of attenuation for one virulent strain of IBV. There are four regions within the viral genome that accrue high frequency polymorphisms during the process of attenuation.

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Scholarship Updates Eligibility This is a BBSRC fully funded project. Eligible students will receive minimum stipend £14,057 p/a; university registration fees will be paid. Open to science graduates (with, or who anticipate obtaining, a BSc 2.1 or equivalent, in a relevant biological subject, or Masters Degree - subject to university regulations). Other first degrees, eg veterinary science, considered. Students without English as a first language must provide evidence of IELTS score of 7.0, no less than 6.5 in subsections.

How to Apply Open to UK students and eligible EU students who qualify for home-rated fees, in line with BBSRC criteria: http://www.bbsrc.ac.uk/web/FILES/Guidelines/studentship_eligibility.pdf.

Deadline The application deadline is 31st July 2015.

For Details http://www.bbsrc.ac.uk

Predicting Antimicrobial Resistance About Scholarship A unique and exciting opportunity for a PhD combining both experimental and modeling work has arisen at the School of Medical Sciences at the University of Aberdeen in collaboration with the Unilever Safety & Environmental Assurance Centre. The project will be supervised by Dr Samantha Miller (University of Aberdeen) and Dr Ilias Soumpasis (Unilever).

Eligibility This project is funded by the BBSRC (CASE). Full funding is available to UK/EU applicants only (note: eligibility criteria may apply for EU applicants). Candidates should have (or expect to achieve) a minimum of a 2.1 Honours degree in a relevant subject.

Applicants with a minimum of a 2.2 Honours degree may be considered provided they have a Distinction at Masters Level.

How to Apply Please apply for admission to the ’Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Sciences (Science)’ to ensure that your application is passed to the correct college for processing. Please provide a copy of the degree certificate and transcript for each previous degree undertaken, a copy of your English language proficiency certificate (if relevant), and contact details of two referees who can comment on your previous academic performance (at least one should be from your current degree programme). References will be requested if you are selected for interview. Incomplete applications will not be considered.

Deadline The application deadline is 31st July 2015.

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Scholarship Updates For Details http://www.abdn.ac.uk/study/postgraduate/apply.php

Exploiting natural products from lupulus) to suppress tuberculosis

Hops

(Humulus

About Scholarship Globally, tuberculosis (TB) kills three people every minute, equating to nearly 1.5 million deaths annually. Whilst, not yet

perceived and an important treat to UK health, the rise of antibiotic resistant forms of TB represents an every growing threat to public health. Hop acids derived from the female flowers from Hop (Humulus lupulus) are well-known to suppress TB but the precise bioactive components remain poorly defined. This PhD project will define precisely which active compounds within Hop acids are able to neutralize the TB bacterium; Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Eligibility The supervisory team encompasses researchers with experience of biochemistry, microbiology, plant natural product and medicinal chemistry so that the successful candidate will acquire the expertise and knowledge in the skills required to target novel drug leads.

How to Apply For further details contact Prof. Luis Mur at lum@aber.ac.uk, tel: 01970 622981.

Deadline The application deadline is 31st July 2015.

For Details http://www.lsrnw.ac.uk

Towards the repurposing of topical antimicrobials by ligand Complexation About Scholarship The growing problem of microorganism resistance to antimicrobial agents has lead to a surge in the cases of intractable infections. With only a limited number of novel compounds in the developmental pipeline, alternative approaches are being urgently sought. The repurposing of currently licensed drugs (ie using them in clinical conditions for which they were not originally developed) is an attractive option as it reduces the time and cost required to take a drug to market.

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Scholarship Updates Eligibility The supervisory team encompasses researchers with experience of biochemistry, microbiology, drug delivery and analytical chemistry so that the successful candidate will acquire valuable expertise and knowledge in the skills required to probe and exploit anti-microbial activity.

How to Apply For further details contact Dr Charles Heard (Tel: 02920875819, email: Heard@cardiff.ac.uk) or Prof Les Baillie (Tel: 02920 875535, email: BaillieL@cardiff.ac.uk).

Deadline The application deadline is 31st July 2015.

For Details http://www.lsrnw.ac.uk

Cancer Research UK funded studentship: Investigating the role of Focal Adhesion Kinase in angiocrine signaling About Scholarship We are seeking applications for our 4-year Cancer Research UK funded PhD studentship, to commence on 1 October 2015 (or shortly thereafter). Applicants must have (or be expecting), at least an upper second class honours degree in biological sciences or a related subject. My interest lies in understanding the molecular basis of how tumour angiogenesis influences cancer growth and spread.

Eligibility Applicants should either be in the final year of their degree in biological sciences (or a related subject) and expecting to obtain at least a 2:1, or already have graduated with at least a 2:1. This studentship will only fund fees up to the Home/EU rate.

How to Apply For further details contact Dr Charles Heard (Tel: 02920875819, email: Heard@cardiff.ac.uk) or Prof Les Baillie (Tel: 02920 875535, email: BaillieL@cardiff.ac.uk).

Deadline Deadline for applications: 9am on 27 July 2015.

For Details http://www.bci.qmul.ac.uk/study-with-us/phd-programme-a-studentships/cr-uk-funded-studentship-2015

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