MARIANA PEDRO GONÇALVE S Selected Projects
2012-2015
OVERVIE W
PORTUGAL JAPAN
SÃO TOMÉ AND PRÍNCIPE
Academic projects selection from 2012 to 2015 projects by location (left) and by theme (right)
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A Community Center that addresses the different concepts of time in Japanese culture, inside a former 100 year old university campus.
An apart-hotel for São Tomé and Principe that aims to answer to requests from tourists, businesspeople and locals alike. TIME AS FORMGIVER MASTER THESIS
Fukuoka, Japan 2015
Small community centres comprehending basic water and hygiene services (toilets, fountains, baths, etc) that serve as orientation markers in an environment marked by informal growth of settlings.
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21
APART-HOTEL
São Tomé, São Tomé and Príncipe 2014
25 Collective housing building that manages the relation between a contemporary high rise town and the older town, comprised by low density construction.
WATER MARK
São Tomé, São Tomé and Príncipe 2013
TO BUILD A HOME Lisbon, Portugal 2012
T IME AS FORMGIVER Macro urban strategies 100
200m
INTRO In Japan, the idea of time when mentioning architecture practice can assume antagonistic shapes. If on the one hand we have the Shikinen Sengu, the re-building of Shinto shrines periodically to render them eternal, on the other hand we have the appalling average life of 17 years for a regular building in Tokyo. My experience living in Fukuoka, Japan for nine months made me acknowledge the specificity of Japan’s culture of ephemerality. When I learned about the moving of my university campus in Hakozaki (comprising over 100.000 m2 of built area) to a new location, I considered it would be an opportunity to further my understanding of the buildings’ unsustainability in Japan’s volatile scenario and also to enquire if an alternative to this apparent rule could be found.
1. BUILDINGS TO PRESERVE
buildings to be preserved buildings to be demolished
2. PUBLIC AREAS
URBAN STRATEGY Firstly, in view of the results of a self-conducted-inquiry, buildings were selected to be preserved and re-integrated in the appropriation of the area that would follow. Secondly, since Hakozaki has a large amount of private areas in proportion to public areas and lacks permeable spaces for the rain to be absorbed during the tsuyu (Rainy season), a great part of the campus is transformed into a leisure park area with activities that serve its residents. Lastly, the circulation network existing in the campus is redesigned in order to respond, not only to the buildings remaining, but also to the prospect of new construction.
private areas public areas campus area
3. NEW CIRCULATION
primary roads secondary roads campus area
Master Thesis project Fukuoka, Japan, 2015
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7 200m
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EXISTING BUILDINGS 1- “Headquarters” 2-”Faculty of Engineering” 3 -”Auditorium/Memorial Hall” 4- “Institute of Tropical Agriculture” NEW DEVELOPMENTS A- Community Center B- Square C- Park D- Housing Area E- Elderly Care F- Sports Area G-Urban Agriculture
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20
40m
PARK AND BUI LDING ADAPTAT ION The current varied demographic in Hakozaki will definitely be impacted by the vacancy of the college campus and the moving of its users. The flexibility of the preserved buildings enables the development of variated type of services in order to ensure it can cater to different people with different necessities. The previous “Faculty of Engineering” will be adapted for start-up companies due to the flexible configuration (interconnecting rooms with similar sizes, multiple entrances, etc).The building’s cellular unit’s characteristics are exploited and inter-communication between rooms is improved. The biggest intervention is the design of a concrete portico in the rear façade in order to redesign the entrance to a small private auditorium. The image of the portico was intended not to be overly contrasting with the existing façade, but to blend with the faculty’s style language. The configuration of “Headquarters building 1” is very similar to that of the “Faculty of Engineering”. For this reason it is suggested that the Higashi Ward Office, currently located 800 m from the campus, take its place. Finally, for the “Auditorium”, in the context of the urban strategy, it was decided that the building’s function was to remain unchanged. However, possible growth is possible based on its peripheral circulation system. Building’s sitting was also improved.
A Business incubator former “Faculty of Engineering B Ward Office former “Headquarters” C Auditorium 9 Offices/Shop
Auditorium
Common Spaces/ Reception
Restroooms
Ward Office
C
B
A Park and building adaptation plan
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COMMUNI TY CENTER The design of this new building a community centre for a shifting Hakozaki community- reflects my idea of how a flexible and adaptable building could be achieved in Japan. The articulation of two building “logics”, one robust and lasting and the other light and impermanent addresses the possibility of the co-existence of different types of “time” in the same building. The design of the lasting parts, as these are the ones that settle the building in its place, were carefully designed as recognizable pieces of architecture to a Japanese community. The layered roof, specially, uses traditional building techniques with a contemporary design. Its strong connection to the surrounding nature - its inclination serves as a channel for rain water to find the lake - is also a fundamental part of Japanese architecture. The temporary parts were developed to be easily adapted to the social changes that the former campus area of Hakozaki will probably undergo in the future (namely population ageing). They are built in light wood panels and a steel frame system that allow easy reassemblage. Light and shadow were also treated accordingly to Japanese traditional architecture. In it, dark spaces find its faint light in the reflection of a particular material (in this case the polished bronze in the roof and edge of the pillars). The Japanese bath-house (sentou) was developed as an example of the ambiance of the permanent parts of the project. Community Center axonometric view
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12m
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01 Shop 02 Library 03 Day Care Center 04 Public Toilets 05 Japanese Bath-house 06 Coffee 07 Staff Center 08 Classrooms 09 Art Ateliers
Ground Floor Plan
Southwest Elevation
Longitudinal Section
Transverse Section
12
6m
3
Japanese Bath-house plan and section
01 Reception 02 Change Room 03 Dressing Table 04 Showers 05 36ยบ Tub 06 40ยบ Tub 07 Electric Shock Tub 08 Outside Porch 09 Frigidarium 10 Toilets 11 Disabled Toilet 12 Baby-changing area
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interior of bath house (up) interior of classroom (below)
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1
2m
Structural composition of the building
Temporary box and main structure
Permanent box and main structure
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A
B
B
P01
P02 P02
P03 C
C
1:20 model depicting the structural composition of the project
E>I P01Roof composition Cement (20mm), Lightweight expanded clay (variable), Extruded polystyrene thermal insulation (50mm), Reiforced exposed concrete (250 mm) P02 Wall Composition Reinforced exposed concrete (200mm), Extruded polystyrene thermal insulation (50mm), Reinforced exposed concrete (200 mm), Wood beams (30mm), Sugi -Japanese cedar- covering (20mm) P03 Floor Composition Sugi flooring (30mm), Wood beams (40mm), Extruded polystyrrene thermal insulation (50mm), Reinforced concrete (300mm) T01Roof composition Plywood panel (30mm), Wood beam (variable), Impermeable layer (5mm), Plywood panel (450mm), Light steel frame (80mm)Mineral wool thermal insulation (60mm), Plywood panel (30mm) T02 Wall Composition Plywood panel (30mm), Light steel frame (140mm), Mineral wool thermal insulation (60mm), Plywood panel (30mm) T03 Floor Composition Sugi flooring (30mm), Wood beams (40mm), Light steel frame (110mm), Mineral wool thermal insulation (60mm) A Roof composition Bronze finnishing sheet (5mm), Plywood panel (10mm), Keyaki -Japanese elm- wood beam (!00mm), Keyaki wood beam (150mm), Keyaki wood beam (100mm), Steel beam (250mm) B Steel Post Galvanized and lacquered tube (250x250mm), Floor joint in bronze sheet C Floor Composition Keyaki wood flooring (30 mm), Wood beams (50 mm), Steel beam (200mm)
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APARTHOTEL
ABOUT São Tomé and Príncipe is a former Portuguese colony located in Gulf of Guiné, in the western equatorial coast of Central Africa. It comprises 2 extremely small volcanic islands - São Tomé, where this project is developed, and Príncipe. The site of this building is a current urban void in the city fabric. When visiting the local it became clear the necessity to design urban fronts to the main streets as well to the abandoned Yon Gato square, which was also re-designed. This apart-hotel faces directly one of the most important elements of the city of São Tomé and Príncipe - the church of Conceição. Therefore, it was included an exception in the façade that faces it, in both form, alignment and scale as to acknowledge the importance of this building. Since the site is currently used as an informal market place, an external commercial ring that involves the aparthotel was included in the structure of the building. The design, height and material approach to this commercial ring follows the image of the traditional housing of São Tomé - the kubata, since it is mostly designed for the locals. The inner ring, more western and contemporary in design and materiality, contains the aparthotel and other services (such as spa, restaurant and auditorium) accessible independently. Courtyards were added to interconnect these two rings and to provide private outdoor spaces for hotel users .
CONCEPT
1- CREATE URBAN FRONTS
3- ESTABLISH TWO DIFFERENT REALITIES
2- ACKNOWLEDGE SPECIAL ELEMENT
4- INNER COURTYARDS AS CONNECTING ELEMENT
FUNCT IONAL DIAGRAM
LOBBY + OFFICES
BEDROOMS
CONFERENCE ROOMS
SHOPS
SERVICE AREA SPA
Mixed Use project São Tomé, São Tomé and Príncipe, 2014
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17 20m
01 Lobby 02 Auditorium 03 Luggage Room 04 Reception 05 Bar 06 Preparation 07 Cloackroom 08 Meeting Rooms 09 Toilets 10 Restaurant 11 Kitchen 12 Storage 13 Staff 14 Coffee house 15 Service Entry 16 Courtyard 17 Technical Room 18 Changing Room 19 Laundry Room 20 SPA 21 Shop 22 Rooms
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Ground Floor plan
Section A
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20m
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22 Rooms 23 Common Room 24 Offices b
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a 22
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First Floor plan
Section B
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2m
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Room Type A Plan and Section (above) Lobby view (below)
WATER MARK
ABOUT SĂŁo TomĂŠ and PrĂncipe is a former Portuguese colony and one of the poorest countries in Africa, depending 94% of external economic aid. It is possible to differentiate two parts of the city. The first being the remains of the colonial city which comprises the city center, the second, what we call informal city, is defined by the urban sprawl caused by small wooden housing. The theme of this project consists in a system to relate these two different parts of the city since the city center is currently low in activity. Dispersion is the main characteristic of the informal city. As a way to re-unite this scarce urbanity, I thought of creating new smaller community centers near consolidated housing communities that would also provide basic necessity equipment as toilets or showers for the people who live in the informal city. The majority of housing that constitutes the informal urban tissue has no direct access to water (drinking or hygiene). The only public toilet that can be used by these people is located in the city center and its size is not enough to fulfil the demand. Inside the informal city there is no clear orientation or direction since its matrix of growth is organic. Therefore this equipment was also thought as a tool to mark the territory so that people that live faraway can find it easily in the skyline. The development of this equipment is thought as a growing network system. The ultimate goal is to provide these functions in an individual scale once the city keeps developing its drainage system.
Dispersion of informal city
Actual public toilets
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Urban Strategy and Public Project São Tomé, São Tomé and Príncipe, 2013
City skyline
TERRI TORY
RE SOURCE S DRINKING
INFORMAL CITY
LAND
SALT WATER
WATER
DR
18
M
IN
PEOPLE
HAS NO ACESS TO DRINKING WATER
LIVING
AVERAGE AVERAGEDISTANCE DISTANCETO TOPUBLIC PUBLICTOILET/SHOWER TOILET/SHOWER
TRADE
1.5 1.5KM KM
CENT E R
SALT WATER
IS
SM
FORMAL
Y NL
UR
RI
INFORMAL
TO
TO U
ONLY CENTER
INKING
O
FORMAL CITY
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4
8m
a
a
Section A
23
Section B
TO BUI LD A HOME
ABOUT This project’s goal started as a search for the harmony between 2 different realities. This site is the transition point between a rural, low density, part of the city and a contemporary designed city with high density housing that go up until 40 m in height. After the initial group urban design, I chose the building in far north as the one to be developed. This building is the one that faces directly the traditional housing and is, therefore, one of the most delicate links in the transition of this pre-existing part of the city and the new design created. The building is characterized by 2 ways of living “the living-outside” meaning the part of the building that faces the public street, and the “livinginside”, the part of the building that establishes a relationship with the inner, more communitylike, courtyards. Because of the very narrow width of the rural street facing north, it was decided that the different stories should grow in height in a stair-like disposition, so that their real height wouldn’t be perceived so strongly by passers-by. On the opposite side, this stair disposition creates a shadow area where parents can rest and watch their kids play in the courtyard. The houses in ground floor are duplexes, aimed at families and elderly, while the houses in top floor, simplexes, are aimed at young people living who can easily climb the stairs and use the gallery system. In the simplex, the central location of the draining system allows different positions for kitchen and toilets, giving the possibility for the bedroom to be located north or south, turning the other room into an office or a shop.
Panoramic view - contrast between rural and contemporary cities
Group concept in collaboration with João Encarnação, Catarina Lopes, Alexandra Fonseca and Adriana Brazão
Housing Project Lisbon, Portugal, 2012 10
25 20m
Ground Floor Plan
North Elevation
South Elevation
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10
20m
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20m
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Plan Second Floor Simplex
Plan First Floor Duplex
Plan Ground Floor Duplex
ｓSection
S E VL A Ç N O G O R D E P A N A I R A M s t c e j or P d e t c e l e S
5102-2102