Precedent studies of construction systems

S C H O O L O F A R C H I T E C T U R E , B U I L D I N G&D E S I G N C e n t r ef o rMo d e r nA r c h i t e c t u r eS t u d i e si nS o u t h e a s tA s i a( MA S S A ) B a c h e l o ro f S c i e n c e( H o n o u r s ) ( A r c h i t e c t u r e ) b u i l d i n gt e c h n o l o g y1 _a r c3 5 1 4 a s s i g n me n t2 d e s i g na n a t o my

2 ap r e c e d e n ts t u d i e so f c o n s t r u c t i o ns y s t e ms t u t o r mrmo h da d i b t a nmi n gl o n g 0 3 1 1 0 6 9

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2N e l s o N A t k i n sMu s e u mo f A r t wa l l /e n v e l o p es y s t e mC H A N N E L G L A S SWA L L S Y S T E M, d o u b l e s k i nc l i ma t e wa l l( E X T E R N A L WA L L )

2

3H O U S EO F S I L E N C E WA L L /E N V E L O P Es y s t e mR E I N F O R C E DC O N C R E T EWA L L ( i n t e r n a l wa l l )

3

4s k y l i g h th o u s e r o o f s y s t e ms i n g l ep i t c h e dme t a l r o o f wi t hs k y l i g h t

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5V I S T A S T R U C T U R A L s y s t e mR E I N F O R C E DC O L U MN&B E A m

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6i n d u s t r i a l l o f tn u mb e r3 F L O O R I N Gs y s t e mT WO WA YC O N C R E T ES L A Bwi t hb e a ms

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7f a c a d ed e s i g ns k e t c h e s 8r e f e r e n c e s

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i n t r o d u c t i o n T hi sr epor ti sapr ecedents t udi esofcons t r uct i ons ys t em i nas s i s t i ngf ort hedes i gnpr opos alofCommuni t yL i br ar yi nBr i ckf i el ds ,Kual aL umpur .

Cons t r uct i ons ys t emss uchasr oofs ys t em,wal lorenvel opes ys t em,f l oor i ngs ys t em ands t r uct ur als ys t em ar es t udi edandanal ys edi nor dert o haveabet t erunder s t andi ngf ort hecons t r uct i ons ys t em appl i cat i on.T heappl i cat i onofmat er i al sandcons t r uct i ont echni queands t r uct ur aldes i gn ar ees s ent i alel ement si ndes i gni ngas ucces s f ulCommuni t yL i br ar yf ort hecommuni t yofBr i ckf i el ds .I nt het r ans f or mat i onj our neyofBr i ckf i el ds , hi gh-r i s ebui l di ngar ebui l di nguponeaf t eranot her .Ear l ys hophous esar er epl acedwi t hmoder nar chi t ect ur ei nor dert oi mpr ovet hel i vi ngand i ncr eas et heeconomi coft hepl ace.

So,t henew communi t yl i br ar ywi l lbeavi br antandi nt er es t i ngpl acef ort hewhol ecommuni t yofBr i ckf i el ds ,wel comi ngpeopl eofal lagesand al lbackgr ounds .T her ol eoft hel i br ar yasaf ocusf orcommuni t yi nt er act i on.I twi l lbeaf ocusf oravar i et yofcul t ur al ,l ear ni ngandr ecr eat i onal oppor t uni t i es .

k e yp l a n n t s

l e g e n d b r i c k f i e l d s

MA C R OS I T EP L A N n t s

MI C R OS I T EP L A N n t s

l e g e n d s i t e

1

N e l s o N A t k i n s M u s e u m o f A r t b ys t e v e nh o l l a r c h i t e c t s|K A N S A SC I T Y , MO|2 0 0 6 wa l l /e n v e l o p es y s t e mC H A N N E L G L A S SWA L L S Y S T E M, d o u b l e s k i nc l i ma t e wa l l( E X T E R N A L WA L L )

MA T E R I A L S

Sandbl as t edUpr of i l echannelgl as s -L ami nat edgl as s -Aci det chedf l atgl as s -Cl earf l atgl as swi t ht r ans l ucenti ns ul at i on

C O N S T R U C T I O ND E T A I L S

S I T EC O N T E X T

I ft hegl as sappl i cat i oni sonpur pos ef ulandappr opr i at e,i twi l lhel pt oenhancet heut i l i z at i onofnat ur all i ght i ngf or t hei nt er i orofbui l di ng.Adoubl ei nt er l ockedpl ankofgl as sf or m acavi t yandcont ai nst r ans l ucenti ns ul at i onbet ween i t si nnerandout ers ur f aces .T hi swal lwi l lhel pt oi l l umi nat esi nt er i ors pacewi t houthavi ngheati nf i l t r at i on.

A D V A N T A G E S

-Apas s i vet hr eel ayers hadi ngs ys t em t hatwoul dl etnat ur all i ghti nwi t houtr i s ki ngdamaget ot hear t wor k -L i ghtdef l ect edf r om t heF l ut t erT si l l umi nat esar t wor kwi t houts ubj ect i ngi tt ot hehar mf ulr aysofdi r ects unl i ght -Pr omot enat ur all i ghtwhi chr equi r el es sar t i f i ci all i ght i ngl oads -Pr omot epr i vacyt hatal l owsf orl i ghti npr i vat es paces -St r uct ur al :Sel f s uppor t i ng,uni nt er r upt eds panswi t houti nt er medi at es uppor t s -Hi gherRval ueswi t ht her i ghtcoat i ngsandi ns ul at i on,muchhi ghert hans t andar dgl as s -Near z er omai nt enance

D I S A D V A N T A G E S

-L i mi t at i onsofpl at egl as sr egar di ngs i z eands pancapabi l i t i esbecaus eoft hes t r uct ur alqual i t i est hes hapei mpar t s -Hi ghercos tof20per centmor et hanas t andar dwal l -Al owert her malper f or mancet hanas t andar dwal l -Subs t ant i alcar bonf oot pr i ntt hats hi psf r om Eur ope

2

H O U S E O F S I L E N C E b yP e t e rK u l k awi t hK o n s t a n t i nP i c h l e r|ME S C H E D E , G E R MA N Y|2 0 0 1 WA L L /E N V E L O P Es y s t e mR E I N F O R C E DC O N C R E T E/l o a db e a r i n gWA L L ( i n t e r n a l wa l l )

MA T E R I A L S Concr et e Rebar

C O N S T R U C T I O ND E T A I L S

S I T EC O N T E X T

Moder nar chi t ect ur aldes i gni si ncr eas i ngl yf eat ur i ngvi s i bl econcr et es ur f aces .

Concr et epr es entas ens eofheavi nes sands t abi l i t yoft hebui l di ng.

A D V A N T A G E S

-Dur abl e -F l exi bi l i t y Concr et ecanal s obepour edi nt oal mos tanyf or m,maki ngi ti deals hapesandel ement s t hatf al lout s i deoft hes t andar dopt i onsavai l abl ewi t hwoodands t eelf r ami ng.

-T her malMas s Concr et epr ovi desver yef f ect i vet her malmas s ,asi tabs or bsandr et ai nsheatwel l , keepi ngconcr et ebui l di ngscooli nt hehotdayandwar mi nt hecol dday.

d i s a d v a n t a g e s

-Aes t het i cs Manypeopl et ends t ayawayf r om concr et ebecaus eofi t saes t het i cs–concr et ecan l ookver yheavywhenus edi nbui l di ngs( t hi nkt hebr ut al i s tar chi t ect ur eoft hemi d1900’ s ) , andi fnotkeptcl eanqui ckl yappeardi r t yandr undown.

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s k y l i g h t h o u s e at r a d i t i o n a l v i c t o r i a nt e r r a c eh o u s eb yC h e n c h o wL i t t l eA r c h i t e c t s|s y d n e y|2 0 1 0 r o o f s y s t e ms i n g l ep i t c h e dme t a l r o o f wi t hs k y l i g h t r o o f c o n s t r u c t i o nme t h o d o l o g y

s k y l i g h tC O N S T R U C T I O ND E T A I L S

MA T E R I A L S

-Al umi ni um f r ame -T emper edoverl ami nat edi ns ul at edgl as s

S I T EC O N T E X T

Mal ays i ai sat r opi calcount r yt hathasf avor abl enat ur albenef i t s , s uchass ol argeomet r yandnat ur all i ght ,whi chcanbr i ght en bui l di ngi nt er i or st hr oughoutt heyear .

A D V A N T A G E S

-Nat ur alL i ghtandAes t het i cs Skyl i ght scanbr i ght enupandchanget hef eelofar oom dur i ng t heday.I tal l ow homeowner st ot akeadvant ageofnat ur als ol arl i ght .

As kyl i ght ' sbeaut yandar chi t ect ur aldes i gnal s ocani ncr eas et he val ueofahome.

-Spect acul arVi ews Skyl i ght scanof f erahome' sr es i dent sandgues t sas pect acul ar nat ur alvi ewi ngar enat hatof t enpr ovi desmagni f i centvi ewsofcl ouds , br i l l i antl i ght ni ng,oracl ear ,s t ar r yni ghts ky.

D I S A D V A N T A G E S

-Heatf r om Sunl i ght I ns t al l i ngs kyl i ght si st hatt heyt endt ol etagr eatdealofheati nt o t hebui l di ng.

4

V I S T A T h r e e S t o r yT o k y oH o u s eWi t hP a n o r a mi cC i t yV i e wsb yA P O L L OA r c h i t e c t s&A s s o c i a t e s|t o k y o|2 0 1 1 S T R U C T U R A L s y s t e mR E I N F O R C E DC O L U MN&B E A M C O N S T R U C T I O ND E T A I L S

MA T E R I A L S -Concr et e -Rebar

S I T EC O N T E X T

Rei nf or cedconcr et es t r uct ur ei scommons t r uct ur als ys t em us edi nt heear l ybui l di ng cons t r uct i oni nMal ays i aduet oi t sdur abi l i t y,f i r er es i s t anceandeconomi calpr i ce.

A D V A N T A G E S

-Ar el at i vel yhi ghcompr es s i ves t r engt h -Bet t err es i s t ancet of i r et hans t eel -L ongs er vi cel i f ewi t hl ow mai nt enancecos t&economi cals t r uct ur almat er i al -Res i s t antt owat eri nf i l t r at i on

D I S A D V A N T A G E S

-L ow compr es s i ve&t ens i l es t r engt hascompar edt os t eel( t her at i oi sabout1: 10, dependi ngonmat er i al s ) ,whi chl eadst ol ar ges ect i onsi ncol umnsofmul t i s t or ybui l di ngs .

-Cr acksdevel opi nconcr et eduet os hr i nkageandt heappl i cat i onofl i vel oads .

5

i n d u s t r i a l l o f t n u m b e r 3 b yA l e x a n d e rU g l y a n i t s a|Mi n s k , B e l a r u s F L O O R I N Gs y s t e mT WO WA YC O N C R E T ES L A Bwi t hb e a ms

MA T E R I A L S

C O N S T R U C T I O ND E T A I L S

Concr et e Rebar

s I T EC O N T E X T

Concr et ef l oor s ,whenl ef texpos ed,cons er ver es our cesbyf unct i oni ngbot hasaf oundat i ons l ab andf i ni s hedf l oor .T hi sel i mi nat est heneedf orcar pet i ngandot herf l oorcover i ngst hatwoul d event ual l yr equi r er epl acement .I naddi t i ont ocons er vi ngmat er i al s ,concr et ef l oor i ngof f er smany ot herenvi r onment albenef i t s ,s uchascont r i but i ngt obet t erener gyef f i ci encyandi mpr ovi ngi ndoor ai rqual i t y.

A D V A N T A G E S

-Ver s at i l eandl ongs pan T woways l abandbeam cons t r uct i oni sef f ect i vef ormedi um s pansandheavyl oads ,orwhenahi gh r es i s t ancet ol at er alf or cesi sr equi r ed.

-F r ami ngofbeamswi t hcol umns

d i s a d v a n t a g e s

-Vi s i bi l i t yofdr opbeamsi ncei l i ngs

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f a c a d e d e s i g n s k e t c h e s wa l l /e n v e l o p es y s t e m

ME T A L F R A ME

T R A N S L U C E N TG L A S Sf a c a d e

s e c t i o n_i n t e r n a l f a c a d e

7

f a c a d e d e s i g n s k e t c h e s wa l l /e n v e l o p es y s t e m

R E I N F O R C E DC O N C R E T EF A C A D E

s e c t i o n_i n t e r n a l f a c a d e

8

f a c a d e d e s i g n ( F I N A L ) wa l l /e n v e l o p es y s t e m

ME T A L F R A ME T R A N S L U C E N TG L A S Sf a c a d e

E L E V A T I O N_E X T E R N A L f a c a d e

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f a c a d e d e s i g n ( F I N A L ) wa l l /e n v e l o p es y s t e m

R E I N F O R C E DC O N C R E T EF A C A D E

S E C T I O N_I N T E R N A L f a c a d e

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f a c a d e d e s i g n ( F I N A L ) wa l l /e n v e l o p es y s t e m

R E I N F O R C E DC O N C R E T EF A C A D E

E L E V A T I O N_R E A Rf a c a d e

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r e f e r e n c e s -BoneSt r uct ur e.( 2015) .Whatar et hepr osandconsofeachcons t r uct i onmet hod?Ret r i evedNovember7,2015,f r om webs i t eBoneSt r uct ur e, ht t p: / / bones t r uct ur e. ca/ en/ cons t r uct i onmet hods what ar eyour opt i ons 3/ -Dedece.( 2007) .Skyl i ghtHous e.Ret r i evedNovember7,2015,f r om dedecewebs i t ededece,ht t p: / / www. dedece. com/ pr oj ect s / Skyl i ght Hous e/ 1897 -Er i c,R.( 2014,Augus t17) .Mat er i al sWor ks hop:ChannelGl as sF i ndsI t sGr oovei nHomes .Ret r i evedNovember7,2015,f r om webs i t ehouz z , ht t p: / / www. houz z . com/ i deabooks / 30320700/ l i s t / mat er i al s wor ks hopchannel gl as s f i nds i t s gr oovei nhomes -F r anci sD.K.Chi ng( 2008)Bui l di ngCons t r uct i onI l l us t r at ed( F our t hEdi t i on)New J er s ey:J ohnWi l ey&Sons ,I nc -HomeDes i gni ng.( 2012,Oct ober8) .I ndus t r i alL of t s .Ret r i evedNovember7,2015,f r om webs i t eHomeDes i gni ng, ht t p: / / www. homedes i gni ng. com/ 2012/ 10/ i ndus t r i al l of t s -Suz anne,S.( 2007,J ul y) .Nel s on–At ki nsMus eum ofAr t–Ar chi t ect ur alRecor d.Ret r i evedNovember7,2015,f r om Bendhei m Wal lSys t emsChannel Gl as sbyL amber t swebs i t e,ht t p: / / www. bendhei mwal l . com/ pr es s / ar t i cl e_ nel s onAt ki ns Ar chRecor d. ht m -T r endi r .( 2015) .T hr ee–St or yT okyoHous eWi t hPanor ami cCi t yVi ews .Ret r i evedNovember7,2015,f r om webs i t eT r endi r , ht t p: / / www. t r endi r . com/ hous edes i gn/ t hr ees t or yt okyohous ewi t hpanor ami cci t yvi ews . ht ml -T homas ,H. ,Rol and,K. ,&Wer ner ,L .( 2004) .F açadeCons t r uct i onManual .Bi r khäus erAr chi t ect ur e.

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