Travel & Discover - Visit Albania (English)

Travel & Discover

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Central Albania Tour 1/ Tiranë, Krujë, Durrës and Elbasan

Turi 3/ Tepelenë, Këlcyrë and Përmet

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South-East Albania Turi 1/ Pogradec, Korçë, Voskopojë, Dardhë, Vithkuq, Prespa Lakes

Turi 2/ Berat, Mount Tomorr, Canyons of Osumi, Apollonia and Bylis

36 South Albania Turi 1/ Vlorë, Nartë, Rradhimë, Orikum, Amantia, Llogara, Palasë, Dhërmi, Vuno, Himarë, Qeparo, Borsh and Lukovë

48 Turi 2/ Sarandë, Butrint, Finiq, Gjirokastër and Antigone

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73 Turi 2/ Ersekë and Leskovik

78 North Albania Turi 1/ Shkodra, Velipoja, Razma, Boga, Theth and Vermosh

88 Turi 2/ Valbona, Koman, Fierza, Kukës, Lagoon Of Mat and Dibër

102 Special Tour “Via Egnatia”

Tirana

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TOUR 1 - CENTRAL ALBANIA

The capital of Albania, like any European metropolis, offers its energy and vitality. To visit this relatively young city, full of cafes, bars, taverns and nightclubs (pubs) is an attraction in itself. Young and dynamic population, as well as its hospitality, is what makes more impression to everyone, who is visiting for the first time this city

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T

he name of the city has a number of assumptions.

Some of them refer to the designation “tyrrenia” (ancient Etruscan label). Others believe that the city is called “theranda” (which means harvest) and “Tirkan”, the name of an old castle at the foot of Dajti Mountain.

Your exploration of Tirana can begin by visiting museums or highlights, most of which are located in the central square of the city, called “Skanderbeg Square”. There you can see the Ethem Bey Mosque (built in the period between (1798–1823) or Clock Tower, inaugurated in 1822, which is 32 meters high. Although a monument with an oriental style, it has a cupola in the top, which looks like the type of San Marko. The particularity of this tower, which today is open to visitors, is that until 1971 it has been the highest building in Tirana. Palace of Culture was built in 1968, based on Soviet

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TOUR 1 - CENTRAL ALBANIA

style. The first brick for its construction was put by Nikita Khrushchev during his visit in Tirana. In the square is to be found also the monument of national hero Skanderbeg, set there since 1968. Other places to visit are: Mosaic of Tirana (Rr. “Naim Frashëri”), which is the oldest monument of Tirana. It dates back from century IV A.D. and is thought to have been part of the floor of a Roman villa.

The monumental tomb of Kapllan Pasha (one of the

Mosaic Albania

rulers of Tirana), which was part of the great mosque, Tabak Bridge in Zhan d’Ark boulevard (built in the first half of century XIX).

In Tirana you can visit also museums, galleries and theatres. Such is the National Historical Museum, inaugurated in 1981, which is located in Skanderbeg Square. The first thing you can see there, is mosaic “Albania”, which is the largest in the country. Archaeological Museum, Gallery of Fine

Arts, the private museum “Mezuraj”, Theatre of Opera and Ballet etc. Tirana provides facilities for all interested in the communist period as: the house of the former communist leader Enver Hoxha, which is located in the neighbourhood called the former “Block”, his former museum, named by citizens “Pyramid”. On the suburb of Tirana is to be found “Bunkart”, which is a bunker for nuclear protection, built during 1972 –1978. It is opened to visitors since 2014.

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Dajti National Park

There is found also a “Museum of the Army”. This is an interesting object of the Cold War period. In the south of the city lies the Great Park with an area of 260 hectares and an artificial lake of 55 hectares.

It is a highly frequented place by residents of the capital city for recreation, running and walking. Tirana offers a variety of restaurants ranging from traditional local kitchens to Italian, Spanish, Chinese and Indian food. Among the main dishes of the city, is “Casserole

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Earth,” which is prepared with cheese, tomato and liver of livestock. The area around the city, known for its mild climate, is also known for producing wine brands “Sheshi i Zi” and “Sheshi i Bardhë”.

Among the main celebrations taking place in Tirana are “White Night”, which is celebrated on 29 November.

Usually are organized during this day a number of youth activities, street musical performances, etc.

You can visit only 25 km away

from the centre of Tirana “Dajti National Park”, also called “the natural balcony of Tirana”.

It has an area of ..3,300 ha.

You can reach this place through the funicular railway, which offers a spectacular view. Pëllumbas caves, Tujanit scale (ladder), Biza (mountain points) are the main natural attractions, while Petrelë and Prezë castle, as well as the ruins of the ancient city of Presqopit, near Petrelë, are the main objects of cultural and historical heritage of Tirana.

Petrelë Castle is located on the national road Tirana – Elbsasan, 18 km away from the capital city. It is one of the main tourist spots close to Tirana. Castle is perched on a rocky hill above the village with the same name. It has a triangular shape with two observation towers. Although, it was first built in ancient times, the present building dates back to 15th century.

Tirana offers a variety of restaurants ranging from traditional local kitchens to Italian, Spanish, Chinese and Indian food. Among the main dishes of the city, is “Casserole Earth”

The Petrela Castle was part of the signalling and defence system of the Kruja Castle. The castles signalled to each other by means of fires. The Petrela Castle used to be under the command of Mamica Kastrioti, Skanderbeg’s sister. Today, there is a restaurant inside the castle. The castle offers spectacular views of the Erzen valley, the hills, olive groves, and surrounding mountains.

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Krujë The historic town of Krujë is located only 32 km away from the capital city. The town of Krujë rises about 600 meters above sea level, on the slopes of mountain offering to the visitors a great attractive view

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t is one of the busiest tourist spots of the country. The name of the city is closely related to the figure of National Hero, Skanderbeg, who transformed this city into the center of its main and most important bastion of anti – ottoman resistance.

One of the main objects to be visited is the “Skanderbeg Museum”, located in the castle of Illyrian origin. The castle has taken the form it has today during the 5th century. The castle has 9 towers including also some houses inside of it, as well as a dervish lodge of Dollmasë.

Hamam lies in its west dating back to 6th century. Another object inside the castle is the Ethnographic Museum, which is located in a typical house with a lobby, that has been Toptan’s family property. The characteristic Bazaar of Kruja, one of the most prominent bazaars in the country, is to be found at the entrance of the castle. This is one of the richest

Kruja Bazaar

markets in souvenirs and various crafts products. It has operated since century XV. Kruja offers its typical dishes, among others it’s worth mentioning here “kabunia”, which contains rice, sugar, cinnamon, cloves and is cooked using the ram’s neck.

“Hashurja” (a ritual dessert with wheat and cinnamon), Katraqinit Pie, etc.

At the top of the mountain of Kruja is to be found the Tekke of Sari Saltik, a saint of the Bektashi sect, famous in Balkans.

According to a legend, his body is buried in several coffins, one of which is located right on the mountain of Kruja. Climbing to Travel & Discover 13

Characteristic houses

the top of Sari Saltik offers an unforgettable experience for all climbing lovers. You can reach this place also by road. 25 km from Kruja, lies National Park of QafëShtama with an area of 2,000 hectares. It is known as a climatic point suitable for patients who

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suffer from respiratory diseases. At an height reaching 1,300 meters above sea level, is to be found the source of drinking water named “Mother Queen”. Among the historical heritage, is worth mentioning the ruins of Illyrian city “Albanopolis”, which are

One of the main objects to be visited is the “Skanderbeg Museum”, Another object inside the castle is the Ethnographic Museum, which is located in a typical house with a lobby, that has been Toptan’s family propertY

found in Zgerdhesh, near Halilaj village (in the way from Fushë– Krujë to Krujë). The famous Austrian albanologist Jorge Von Ahn, who has visited the site, has identified ALBANOPOLIS, from which our country has taken its name for the foreigners.

Close to Fushë – Krujë, in Bilaj village, you can find thermal waters, which offer specialized service. The latter cure some kind of diseases; the temperature of these sulphur containing waters reaches up to 55C.

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DurrĂŤsi DurrĂŤsi is the largest port in the country and the second largest city of Albania. It is located at a distance of only 32 km away from the capital and is one of the most ancient cities of Albania with a three thousand year history

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t was founded initially by Greek colonists from Corinth and Corcyra in year 627 B.C. on the territories of Illyrian tribe of Taulants under the name “Epidamnos”. Roman poet Catullus called Durrës “tavern of the Adriatic”. The city offers today a variety of objects of cultural and historical heritage.

The main monument of the city is the Roman amphitheatre, built in the century II A.D. Still completely undiscovered, it ranks by size, second largest in the Balkans after Pula amphitheatre in Croatia.

With a capacity of 15 to 20 thousand seats, it is similar to the monuments of this type such as Capua, Pompeii and Syracuse in Italy. Inside the amphitheatre a small chapel was built dating back to the 9th century with walls decorated with rare mosaics. Another object is “Roman terms” in 2nd century A.D., Byzantine or Rotonda forum with marble columns, which is thought to be built in

The main monument of the city is the Roman amphitheatre, built in the century II A.D. Still completely undiscovered, it ranks by size, second largest in the Balkans after Pula amphitheatre in Croatia. With a capacity of 15 to 20 thousand seats,

the 2nd century B.C. operating until 7th century.

The most famous object discovered in Durres, is the mosaic called “The Beauty of Durres” in the 6th century B.C. Travel & Discover 17

The woman in mosaic is thought to be the portrait of Aura, accompanying the Aphrodite.

This object is exposed today in the premises of the National History Museum in Tirana. In Durres you can also visit the Archaeological Museum, which is situated on the promenade “Taulantia”. The latter has two 18 Travel & Discover

basic pavilions of Hellenistic and Roman period.

Durrës is the biggest and most populated beach of the country with a length of over 6 km. It is a sandy beach with shallow waters, which makes it very safe for children and families.

In the south of this beach lies a natural monument of historical

The most famous object discovered in Durres, is the mosaic called “The Beauty of Durres” in the 6th century B.C. The woman in mosaic is thought to be the portrait of Aura, accompanying the AphroditE Beach of Durres

values “Shkëmbi i Kavajës”.

The sandstone rock is a “wind” monument created as a result of wind activity for millions of years. It is thought a battle has taken place in year 48 B.C. between Julius Caesar and Pompey in this place, ended with the victory of Caesar.

In the north of the city lies

Lalzit Bay, also a sandy beach surrounded by a pine forest crown. Lalëzit Bay ends in the north with the Cape of Rodon, where the church of Shna Ndout and the ruins of Skanderbeg castle are to be found. Every August 15th is organized a pilgrimage in the church of Shna Ndout.

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Elbasan

Elbasan is located in the southeast of Tirana, connected by modern highways within a short time with the capital city. It is built in the north of Shkumbin valley, where crosses the ancient road “Eg natia�

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nown with the name “Hiskampis” and than after “Skampini”, Elbasan was a Roman fortification. In the 6th century the city was built outside the castle. In 1466 the castle fell to the Ottomans, who almost rebuilt it and called the place “il – basan” (a place that rules). In the 17th-18th century it became a Sandzak center, having a developed craftsmanship known especially for the production of ornate weapons.

The city offers today an interesting complex of buildings, where we can mention Skampa castle walls, the church of Shën Mëria with very beautiful iconostasis, worked by Dibra craftsmen, the Unite church (the only of this type remained in Albania, which represents a ritual aiming at the unification of the Orthodoxies with Catholics) and “King” Mosque, found within the walls of the castle.

Other important objects are Bezistan basilica, Naziresha mosque, Hammam etc. Elbasan

is known for its culinary, where we can mention specialties such as “mow casserole”, a typical Albanian dish, which is prepared with yogurt, eggs and lamb; pistil casserole, which is prepared with dried plums and meat; ballokumet, a ritual dessert, which is prepared for a special occasion called Summer Day

Tava e Elbasanit

celebrated on 14 March; bugaçet (bun with noodles sprinkled with sheep butter, etc.). Elbasan Spas with thermal waters, located near the town, are exploited since Roman times. The first hotels in the area are built during the 30’s.

Close to the town, in Shpat area, Travel & Discover 21

Castle of Elbasanit

in Shelcan and Valesh villages, are found two old churches, respectively the one of Shën Kolli and Shën e Premte, which preserve frescoes made by famous iconographer of century XVI, Onufri. In the area lies the mountainous tourist attraction of Gjinari, which is a climatic point that offers good accommodation. Various activities can be offered in this place, among which we can mention climbing at the top of Bukanik.

Only 4 km north of the city, on the way from Tirana, in Shijon village, is located the monastery of Shën Gjon 22 Travel & Discover

Vladimiri. This monastery has been an important center of Albanian culture and it was built in the year 1381 by the Albanian prince Karl Topia. He brought in this place the bones of the famous Balkan saint Gjon Vladimiri (today those are

Plateau of Dumrea

found in the Orthodox Church of Tirana). In his honour, every 4th of June, is organized a pilgrimage.

In Elbasan district we can mention also the karst plateau of Dumrea with 69 karst lakes of tourist values.

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Berat

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TOUR 2 - CENTRAL ALBANIA

The museum city of Berat, part of the elite of UNESCO world heritage since 2006, is located at a distance of 120 kilometres far from Tirana.

It is one of the ancient cities of Albania, nearly 2415 years old

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B

erat is one of the most prominent examples of the traditional architecture in the country, as well as a treasure of our national history and culture. The existence of the city starts at century VI – VI B.C. as an Illyrian settlement.

Later it turned into a fortress city, known as “Antipatrea”.

Further expansion of the castle happened especially during the rule of the feudal family of

Backstreet in the Neighbourhood of Mangalem

Muzaka. Inside the castle were built churches with precious frescoes and icons, as well as a calligraphy school.

Castle continues to be inhabited even nowadays, a fact that makes Berat very special for 26 Travel & Discover

TOUR 2 - CENTRAL ALBANIA

Apollonia Mali i Tomorrit

Bylis Kanionet e Osumit

its values. The major tourist attractions are the characteristic neighbour­hoods of Mangalem, Gorica and Kala, where you can see the flashy facades of the houses with numerous windows placed one above the other.

For this reason, Berat is also known as “the City of thousand Windows”.

An architectural monument of the city is Gorica bridge, which connects the neighbourhood of Mangalem to Gorica. This bridge with its arches belongs to year 1780. Other objects to be visited are the Ethnographic Museum, which is located in a building with a lobby of the century XVIII; Private Gallery of Art “Edward Lear” (named after the English

Bridge of Gorica, Berat 27 Travel & Discover

Religious harmony in Berat

Church of Shën Triadha (Holy Trinity)

In the city is found a com­plex of Byzantine and post-Byzantine churches. It’s worth mentioning here one of the ancient churches in Berat, namely the church of Shën Mëria of Vllaherna (century

painter, who during his trip to Albania visited also Berat in century XIX). Berat is known for its culinary and wine production.

Not far from the city, are located several wineries like Çobo, Luani etc., which offer also wine tasting by stakeholders. Among the traditional dishes, we can mention “pulën me përshesh 28 Travel & Discover

XIII), or the church of Shën Triadhë, which is distinguished for its pano­ramic position. From the founded inscriptions results that its construction dates back to the end of century XIII and be­ginning of century XIV. Both these monuments are located inside the castle. At the foot of the castle, on a craggy rock, you can find the church of Shën Mëhilli, which represents a typical Byzantine chapel, belonging to the first half of centu­ry XIV. Inside the castle is found also the “Dormition of the Virgin Mary” church, rebuilt in 1797, which represents one of the most typical monuments of post-Byzantine architec­ture of Berat. Here is located the national museum of Onu­fri, where the works of eminent iconographer of century XVI, Onufri, and his son,

chicken with grits”, “çorben e Tomorrit”, etc.

Mount Tomorr The city of Berat is a suitable point for exploring Mount Tomorr, a National Park with an area of ..4,000 ha. It is located at a distance of 30– 40 km away from the city. It is

Nikolla are exhibited. Over 100 icons are exposed belonging also to other authors such as Johan Çeti­ri, Onufër Qiprioti, or other anonymous authors.

These works were collected from various churches of Berat. Iconostasis of this church dates back to year 1806. Other monuments are the Monastery of

Shën Spiridhoni, located in Gorica neighbor­hood, or the Church of Shën Todhri, near the main entrance of Berat castle. This monument preserved even today, belongs to the first half of century XVI. With the Ottoman conquest in 1471, Berat underwent the construction of Islamic cult objects.

One to be mentioned is the Red Mosque, which ruins can be found in the south part of the castle. According to some researchers, its building belongs to century XIV. The Bachelors’ Mosque (Xhami e Beqareve), close to Mangalem neighborhood, is built in 1827. In this monument you can find murals in exterior and interior walls. The Lead Mosque (Xhamia e Plumbit), built in 1555, the King Mosque, called also Sultan Bajaziti; the Halveti Tekke (Teqe e Helvetive) are part of the socialreligious complex where you can find also the King Mosque, as well as the ruins of White Mosque.

Bachelors’ Mosque

one of the highest mountains of Albania, with a maximum height of 2.416 meters. Mount Tomorr is distinguished for its beautiful shape, as it resembles a sitting lion. It is known as a sacred place since antiquity and it can be called also as “Albanian Olympus” or as “the Throne of the Gods”, the western

side of which is covered with varied vegetation. Its vegetation consists of trees such as beech, pines, maple, ash, pine and fir.

Fauna is represented by brown bear, wolf, fox, lalës bride, wild rabbit, etc. Tomorr Mountain offers opportunities for mountain climbing, trekking etc. The area at its foot is ideal for camping.

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At the height of 1,200 meters above sea level is found “yrbja e Kulmakut” with the holy tomb of Abaz Aliu, the saint of the Bektashi sect. During August, on 19th, a pilgrimage takes place in honor of its tomb, which is accompanied by numerous sacrifices. This is the largest pilgrimage of the Bektashi sect and one of the largest in Albania.

Canyons Of Osumi Continuing the journey towards Osum River valley, close to Radesh village, in the flow of Çorovoda river, is found the cave of Pirrogoshi, which is also the largest cave in Albania.

1,500 meters long and with an entrance of 5 meters wide, the most interesting part of it, is the great hall with multiple larstic forms. The cave ends in a deep well where colonies of bats can be seen. Nearby lies the canyon of Gradec, which is undoubtedly the most beautiful of the valley of Osumi, with a 30 Travel & Discover

length of 4 km with tight spots, with a width of 1.5 meters. It is 40 meters high with slopes falling sharply above the river.

Towards the south you can seen the other Osumi canyons with a length of 15 km, located 3 km south of the city of Çorovoda.

Here you can find suitable places for swimming, such as Varishta. Osumi canyons are famous for water sports of rafting.

Tomorri Mountain; (down) Canyons of Osum

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Apollonia; (down) gravure found in Apoloni

Apollonia The archaeological park is located 11 kilometres far from the city of Fier. It is one of the most important archaeological sites of the country. Founded at the beginning of century VII B.C by the colonies of Corinth and Corcyra

T

he first records of their presence have been documented around the year 588 B.C. The city was named in honour of the God of Apollo.

It is part among 24 cities of all around ancient Mediterranean world that hold this name.

Apollonia played a major role as a trade mediator between

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the Helens and Illyrians.

Apollonia was at that time a big and important city near Aoos (Vjosa) River. Its population was estimated to be 60,000 inhabitants, a record for antiquity.

Apollonia preserved its grandeur even during

the Roman period. The Roman Emperor Octavian Augustus studied philosophy in Apollonia.

Visitors can visit a series of objects, among which we can mention the impressive wall of Agonothets, the theatre of Apollonia, the promenade, the monastery of Shën Meria (built in century XIII), etc.

Byllis It is one of the most important archaeological sites in Albania with the status of an Archaeological Park. It is located near the village of Hekal Mallakastra, at a distance 4 km away from the national road Ballesh – Tepelene. It was the capital of the Illyrian tribe BYLINA, founded in century IV

B.C. According to Mythology, Byllis was established by Neoptolemi, son of Achilles (therefore, the city takes an Homeric importance). Ancient ruins are to be found on a hill.

The ancient city appears initially with the name “Bulis” in the events of year 49 –48 B.C., when the city was surrendered to Caesar. However, Pliny, in the first half of century I A.D, defined Byllis as a Roman colony. During century II and III B.C, the city possessed his own coins. Today the ruins consist of walls, the theatre, basilica inside the surrounding walls, etc.

Along the road connecting Lushnje with Fier, on the top of a high hill, rises the Monastery of Shen Mëri of Ardenica. It represents one of the largest religious buildings in the area of ..Myzeqe. On the western side of the hill, where the monastery is situated, used to pass the southern branch of Via Egnatia, which continued to be used even in the Medieval period.

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The monument is of high interest not only for its monumental, architectural and artistic values, but also for its rich history.

Historical sources allude to the time of its establishment at the time of the Despotate of Epirus, in the centuries XIII – XIV. Traditions identify it as the place where the matrimonial ceremony of Gjergj Kastriot Skanderbeg with Andronika Arianiti in 1451 took place, while the inscription holding the date first of May, 1477 shows the existence of the monastery in this period. Ardenica Monastery represents an

architectural ensemble with triangular layout, with church in its center. The church was painted in 1744

by Kostandin and Athanasios Zoografi brothers.

Undoubtedly, one of the most 34 Travel & Discover

beautiful natural places of the Albanian coast is the beach of Divjaka and the Lagoon of Karavasta. Divjaka sandy

beach, the forest and the lagoon constitute a natural complex with a great tourist importance.

Divjaka forest stretches from mouth of Seman river up to the estuary of Shkumbini river. The Lagoon has an area of 4,330 hectares, being the largest lagoon in the entire Albanian coast. It constitutes a National Park and it has a special importance in terms of its biodiversity. The Lagoon of Karavasta is the western extreme point in Europe, where the Dalmatian Pelican (pelicanus crispus) can nest. Here can be found 5 percent of its world population.

It is due to these qualities, that since 1995, the Lagoon is under the protection of international RAMSAR Convention. It’s a very interesting experience watching these pelicans, while coming by boat to the island in

Lagoon of Karavasta; (left) Curly Pelican

the lagoon where they usually sit. This ecosystem is home to 210 species of birds, 12 species of mammals and 16 species of reptiles. The waters of the lagoon, which reach a maximum depth of 1.5 meters, are rich in fish, where the main catches are mullet and eel, which are offered in many restaurants at Divjaka beach. The National Park vegetation of Divjaka is known for its unique beauty and freshness. The coniferous surfaces prevail here, such as

soft and wild pine. The pines with large crown, shaped as an umbrella, are very noticeable.

The forest has different categories of plants ranging from herbs to high woods. It is noted for the firs, ashes, etc.

Divjaka’s Beach sand has a significant content of iodine and temperatures over 200C starting from the second half of May to continue until beginning of October. This is an area where beach activities are combined with ecotourism.

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Vlora

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TOUR 1 - SOUTH ALBANIA

Vlora city, which is also the second biggest port in the country, is also one of the biggest and important centers in Albania. It is located 130 km away from the capital and 120 km away from “Mother Teresa� airport

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V

lora territory dates back to antiquity (century VI B.C), known as “Aulona”. In the current city center, close to Flag Square, have been discovered Aulona’s surrounding walls.

In 1081, the city came under Norman authority. In century XIV the city was involved in “Arbëria Kingdom” under the rule of Balshaj. In 1417 it was conquered by the Ottomans, and in 1812 fell into the hands of Ali Pash Tepelena, and a century later, on 28 November

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Mosque of Muradije, 1542 TOUR 1 - SOUTH ALBANIA

Narta

Rradhime Amantia Orikum Llogara Palasë Dhërmi

Vunoi Himarë Qeparo Borsh Lukovë

1912, Vlora became the first capital of independent Albania under the government led

by Ismail Qemali. In Vlora you can visit the Museum of Independence (established in the former headquarters of the first government) in Skelë neighbourhood, the Museum of History and Ethnography.

In the center of the city, close the Flag Square, is located the Muradije mosque, built in 1542 by the chief architect of the Ottoman Empire, Mimar Sinan (Architect Sinan) of Albanian origin. This building is the only work of this architect remained in Albania. Under the dominant hill above the city, is to be found the religious point of “Kuzum Father”, object of the Bektashi sect. From this place you can enjoy a beautiful and magnificent view of the city of Vlora, Karaburun Peninsula, Sazan Island and the lagoon of Narta. Here you can find nice bars and restaurants.

Narta In the north of Vlora city is located the Lagoon of Narta, which is the second largest lagoon in Albanian coast. Narta lagoon is home to 195 species of poultries, while the belt of the land, which separates the lagoon from the sea, is covered

by Mediterranean forests. This Lagoon is another natural ecosystem for the observation of aquatic birds and fishing. The lagoon waters are rich in fish, especially bass and eel. In the south of the lagoon, is located the village with the same name.

Surrounded by gentle hills, in this place is cultivated grape variety “vlosh” and others, of which is produced one of the best quality artisanal wines of all the country.

In this lagoon is located also Zvërneci village, in the island close to which can be found the church and the monastery of Shën Mëri of Byzantine style.

Its construction belongs to the Travel & Discover 39

second half of century XIV. The Laguna ends with Cape of Treporti, which together with the wooded hill, constitute a natural attractive tourist complex.

Rradhime Following the journey, after passing through the tunnel considered as a defining point of Cold Water (its name derives from the mountain springs of water flowing into the sea), appears Jonufrë tourist areas, with small and rocky beaches, which are distinguished for crystal waters. Following this place is to be found Rradhima area, which extends several kilometres up to the river of Dukati. Rradhima beaches offer a beautiful colouring between the deep blue sea and the green hills of Mediterranean vegetation with olive and citrus plantations.

Vlora Bay is of particular interest for diving sports. Here are several sunken ships, such as the Italian ship “Po”, sunk in 1941, during the Italian – Greek war.

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Area of interest to dive is also the Zhiron beach for observation of the green and black algae.

Orikum The small town of Orikum is located south of Vlora’s bay, nearby is a yacht port that can berth up to 650 yachts. Orikum was one of the most important cities in the ancient world. It was founded by settlers from the island of Euboea, during their return from the Trojan War. It is

mentioned by Herodotus and Hekateu in centuries V– IV B.C., as the port of Epirus. Having a strategic position, it has been the main port of the tribe of Amants and has played an important role in the civil wars between

Antique theatre of Orikum

Caesar and Pompey. Here is located Orikumi Archaeological Park, where the most important object for visitors is Orikumi Antique Theatre, with a capacity of 400–500 spectators. Nearby, lies Marmiroi church as well, of the Byzantine period. In the Byzantine period, Orikumi was known with the name “Jeriko”, and it is thought that this label is related to the presence of the Jewish community in Vlora’s Bay. During the period

of Ottoman rule, it was called Pasha Liman. Orikum is a good place to explore the Karaburun peninsula, which closes from the west side Vlora’s Bay. West coast is impressive with small and isolated beaches, with deep and crystal waters (small beaches of Zhabovelli, Miki, Shën Vasili, Shën Jani). In the north of peninsula you can visit the cave of Haxhi Ali (punter from Ulcinj of century XVII), while on the western side of the peninsula, Travel & Discover 41

National Park of Llogara The National Park of Llogara is located 40 km in south of Vlora city. Its territory occupies an area of ..810 hectares and lies from 470 to 2018 meters above sea level. In the national road Vlorë – Sarandë, in “Llogara Pass”, 1,025 meters above sea level, opens a magnificent view towards the Albanian Riviera beaches. In this park are combined decorative medicinal plants

Beach of Dhërmi

on the beach of Grama, ancient inscriptions are found.

Meanwhile Sazan Island, which is separated from the Karaburun 42 Travel & Discover

with massive coniferous trees. Natural monument called “pine flag” is of great interest, which as a result of the wind direction has its branches turned only from one side. Fauna consists of various animals. There are 105 species of birds and mammals such as wolves, foxes, wildcats, deer, etc. The particularity of this park is the combination of mountain with coast climate. After

peninsula by the Strait of Mezokanali (2.5 km long), is the largest island of the Albanian coast, with an area of ..5.7 km 2. The island consists of two hills with a maximum height of 342 meters. In ancient times it was known with the name “Sason”.

On the island are the ruins of the former naval base and military citadel. Currently, in the island is a small military presence.

The island has a circumference of 12 km. In the southeast lies the small beach of Admiral.

Along with Karaburun, Sazan

20 minutes travelling by car, from the cold of the mountain you can enjoy Riviera beaches. Llogara park offers services such as accommodation, bars, restaurants, children’s playground, etc, also activities such as climbing to the pass of Caesar or walking different paths. On the other hand, it is a great place to practice air sports such as parachute jumps, flights with Delta plan, etc. Thanks to very favourable winds, this place is a famous for international meetings of these sports.

constitutes a water complex suitable for practicing under water diving.

Llogara National Park

the most interesting objects for visitors is Amantia stadium, 60 meters long and 12.5 meters wide, fortifications, etc.

Archaeological Park of Amantia

Palasa

On the east of Vlora city, close to Plloce village, are found the ruins of the ancient city of Amantia, which represents one of the Archaeological Parks of the country, a status held since 2005. Amantia was the capital of the Illyrian tribe of trusts. It was founded in century V B.C., with an area of 13 hectares. Among

After passing Llogara Pass, the road begins the descent to the beach and villages of the Riviera.

This is one of the areas with mildest climate throughout the country. It has 300 sunny days and average July temperature is 25 degrees C. The first to appear is Dhraleos beach near Palasa.

The paved road with asphalt Travel & Discover 43

guides you directly to the beach, which is noted for the deep and high quality of its marine waters.

In this beach landed in antiquity also Pompei. A few kilometres further north of the beach, in a place called Rreza e Kanalit (the peninsula of Karaburun) is located the ancient stone quarry called “Grama”.

Dhërmi The area of Dhërmi is noted for its grits, small and intimate beaches. The major beaches are Drimadhes, Jaliksari, Shkambo and Gjipea. The last one is known for its rare beauty, as it is found at the bottom of a canyon nearly 70 meters high. In the main beach of Dhërmi is found the sea Cave of Pirates, which can be visited by boat. In this place water and diving sports can take place. Dhërmi is well-known for its network of hotels, restaurants, discos and pubs. Dhërmi itself is one picturesque village with a special atmosphere. It is 44 Travel & Discover

evidenced as an old settlement since years 49 – 48 B.C. In Dhërmi is located the church of Shën Stefan, which lies in the bottom part not too far from the sea. The church represents a small post-Byzantium chapel constructed in two stages, namely the first one in century XVI and the second one in the second half of century XIX. The church of Ipapandia is located also near the sea and it is decorated with murals. The murals are related to the tradition of Joni’s school and they date back to 1751. In the church of Shën Mitri are preserved the frescos belonging to century XII–XIV.

Vunoi The village of Vunoi is located 8 km south of Dhermi. From here you can go directly to the famous and notorious beach of Jali, known for camping. Vunoi is a special and characteristic village built on a hill side in front of the sea. Here can be

Beach of Dhërmi

found some old churches like the one of Shën Spiridhoni, which is located in the lower neighbourhood of the village Vuno. Inside of this church you can see a mural from the year 1784. Another object is the church of Mesodhis with pictures dating back to 1783. Besides them are found also characteristic houses of architectural values, such as tower of Shane Koka or the ruins of Odise Kasneci’s house.

Himara Continuing our journey through the south appears the small town of Himara, which consists of two neighbourhoods, the old Himara, built up on a hill and new Himara built in Spilea bay. Himara is famous for its beaches such as Livadhja, Spilea, Potami, Llamani and Filikuri.

Besides the numerous hotels, Himara is well-known for its familiar tourism. Himara dates back as an ancient settlement Travel & Discover 45

of Kaonians tribes. The ancient name is “Chimera” dating back to century V B.C. The name “Chimera” is thought to have a pelasgian origin. In century XVIII it was an episcopate center in the church of Shën Segi and Baku. In Himara there are a lot of cult objects to be found such as Shën Mëria of Athali, church of Kasiopise, church of All saints and some other buildings considered as cultural monuments like Lilo Llazari’s house.

walls twenty meters high and it is built in 1804. Ali Pasha dedicated this castle to his wife, Vasaliqia.

The region of Himara is well–known for its iso– polyphony. Above Himara, in a considerable altitude from the sea, is located the village of Pilur from which we can enjoy the spectacular view of Ionian sea. This village is well– known for its polyphonic songs, which are followed also by a shank.

Qeparo

A very beautiful and over visited monument is the castle of Ali Pasha, which is built in a small peninsula located in the tectonic bay of Porto Palermo. The castle has a triangular shape with 46 Travel & Discover

Near the bay of Porto Palermo is located Qeparo village, which has also its frequented beach by tourists. The Old Qeparo is considered to be an attractive and interesting place, built on the Hillside. Here lies the monastery of Shën Dhimitri, Minella Gjika’s house, etc.

Borsh Is among the most famous villages of the Albanian Riviera. Its beach is the largest across Riviera. It has a length of 6 km and is famous for its

Albanian Riviera, Borsh; (Left) Porto Palermo

shingle beach with clear waters.

The village is known for family tourism. Here you can find also hotels, restaurants and other services. Among typical dishes, is lamb on the spit, which is known for the special taste. Near Borshi, on the hill, is located the Castle of Borshi.

Lukova Is another village of Riviera, known especially for citrus and olive terraces built with volunteer work during the late ‘70s. About 2 km away from Lukova is found Bunec beach, with very crystal waters and its stream, which flows into the sea.

Travelling to the city of Saranda, on the right side of the Ionian Sea, lies the natural bay of Kakome. There is a road paved with asphalt to reach this beach.

The beaches of the bay are known for the high quality of marine waters. These bays can be reached by small sailing vessels from Saranda. Among others, here you can find also the Church of the Monastery of Shën Mëri that rises of the hilly plateau inside the bay of Kakome, away from residential areas. The nearest village is Nivica – Bubari.

Travel & Discover 47

Saranda

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TOUR 2 - SOUTH ALBANIA

The city of Saranda, located in the south of the country, has a very favourable geographical position, being positioned opposite the Greek island of Corfu. Saranda can be considered as “southern seaport of Albania”

Travel & Discover 49

I

t is one of the most important tourist areas of Albania. Its present name derives from the presence of an early important Christian monastery, called “Monastery of 40 Saints�.

The ruins of this building are found in Qafa e Gjashtes, in the entrance of the city.

Saranda stretches along the Ionian coast and offers several small beaches and a pleasant promenade with palm trees along the seashore. In the city center, are to be found the ruins of the ancient city of Onhezmi, which was destroyed in century V A.D. by barbarian invasions.

In these ruins, in 2002, were discovered also the ruins of a synagogue which, according to some specialists, there might still be one of the largest in the Balkans. 2 km south of Saranda, on a dominant hill, is located the castle of Lekuresi. This fortification was built by Sultan Suleiman during his campaign to conquer Corfu. In the castle you can find a restaurant

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TOUR 2 - SOUTH ALBANIA

Antigonea

Finiq

Butrint

which, besides its function, provides a magnificent view towards the sea spaces.

Travelling south to Saranda a few kilometres, we reach the small town of Ksamil where, in his main beach you can visit four small islands covered with evergreen. From the other side, lies Butrinti Lake which is in fact, a coastal lagoon of tectonic origin connected to the sea through the Vivari channel 3.6 km long. In this lagoon a considerable number of aquatic birds have their nest. Butrint Lake is also well-known for mussels cultivation, which has

started since the year 1972. The mussel are widely cooked in all the restaurants inside Saranda and in its suburbs.

Finiqi Over the road from Saranda to the city with the typical architecture of Gjirokastra, only at a distance of 10 km, is located Finiqi. Named in antiquity “Foinike”, it became in year 233 B.C. the center of Epirote league. Polybius calls it “the richest and the stronghold city of Epirus”. It reached the greatest development in century II B.C. and during this period, the city had the most important findings.

Slightly south of Finiqi, in Mesopotam village, situated on a hill, you can also visit the Church of the Monastery of Shën Kolli. This church represents a unique type and is the largest among preserved Byzantine churches in Albania dating back to century XI–XIV. One of the most pleasant

Blue Eye

surprises of this trip is “Blue Eye (Syri i Kaltër)”,

which is a powerful resource that has created a small lake with so pure water that, it creates the impression of a huge human eye. In the restaurant of the “Blue Eye”, the main specialty is trout from the source.

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The ancient city of Butrint South of Lake Butrint, 18 km away from Saranda, is located the ancient city of Butrint, which enjoys the status of Archaeological Park. Butrint is, without any doubt, the most important archaeological site of Albania and one of the most visited tourist spots in the country. Since 1992 it belongs to the World Heritage elite of UNESCO

Butrint Antique Town

T

here are several assumptions about the establishment of Butrint, where the most interesting is that of Dionysius of Halicarnassus, according to which its establishment is connected to the Trojan prince Aeneas journey to the temple of Dodona. He stopped in this country and sacrificed a bull (in Greek called Buthrotos). Exactly was built the city of Butrint. His visit in Butrint was also mentioned

52 Travel & Discover

by the poet Virgil at “Eneida”. Tourists can visit many objects in this area and we can mention among others, the temple of Asklepius (God of Health, century II B.C.); theatre with 1,500 seats of century III B.C.; baptistery with mosaics (a Palo Christian monument); nympheu; bathrooms; stoa; the gates of the lake; lion; Venetian castle of Ali Pasha etc. In Butrint are discovered objects such as “Head of Dea”, which was called by the head of the Italian mission who led discoveries in Butrint, Ugolini as the “Goddess of Butrint”. This symbol of the archaeological discoveries in Albania, is to be visited currently in the National History Museum. Later, it was identified by specialists Dea’s head

Amphitheatre of Butrint; (down) Remains from Hellenic period

with the head of Apollo. In Butrint Museum are found other objects such as Agripes portrait; head of Zeus, etc. Besides historical values, Butrint is distinguished for its remarkable ecosystem. It constitutes also a National Park, which is under international convention of RAMSAR. This park is known for its ecosystem and the ruins themselves are in the midst of a real Mediterranean ‘‘jungle’’, where laurels and other high trees prevail.

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Gjirokaster Once passing Muzina Pass to the national road GjirokastĂŤ-KakavijĂŤ, leaving behind to the left all the villages of Dropulli, reveals the museum city of Gjirokastra, built eastside of Mali i Gjere

54 Travel & Discover

B

ecause of its architecture, Gjirokastra is called the “Stone City” or the “city of a thousand stairs”. It is an ancient city with early settlements, over which was built a fortress that served as the center of the city. What most attract visitors to Gjirokastra, are high stone houses, which resemble small fortresses and are seen as monumental architectural complex.

The main object is the castle of the city, also called the Castle of Argyro, from which it is thought that the city has taken its name “Argjirokastro” in 1336. In the premises of the castle is located the Museum of Arms, in which are exhibited weapons from the Palaeolithic period up to World War II. This castle is the largest one in the entire country. Among others, it serves as a place for organizing the National Folk Festival, which takes place usually once every four years. This is the biggest event of Albanian folklore, in

which all the country’s provinces are performing, plus Albanian groups from Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro till the Arbëresh of Italy.

During the stay in Gjirokastra you can also visit the Ethnographic Museum, located in the house where the former communist dictator Enver Hoxha was born. There are also some houses in the city you can visit,

House, Culture Monument

such as the house of Zekate, a tower building located in Palorto; Skendule’s house, or even you can find accommodation in this place such as Koton (former home of Angonat), Kalemi hotel, etc.

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In the center of the city, in Çerçiz square, is recently opened for visitors, a nuclear protection bunker, built during the Cold War period. The city of Gjirokastra is also known for its

Byrek

special dishes, like “shapkati”, “laropit”, different kinds of pies, as well as dairy products known throughout Albania. Gjirokastra is on the list of UNESCO, because of its architectonic values.

Two other objects of interest to be visited are Sofratika and Antigonea theatre.

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Sofratika Theatre is an

archaeological object, which belongs to a city of Roman period of century II B.C., called Adrianopol, with a capacity of 4,000 spectators and 27 stairs.

Here you can find also the well of Sofratika that is preserved almost complete and is treated with limestone.

Antigonea is now an Archaeological Park, which is located in the area of Lunxhëria, east of Gjirokastra, near the village of Saraqinisht. This is an ancient city of century II B.C. (year 296 B.C.). It is thought that the city was founded by King Pyrrhus of Epirus, who called the town by this name in honour of his wife Antigone.

The ruins of the ancient city are located on a hill, 600 meters above sea level. The city lies in an area of ..35 hectares.

Tourists can visit the traces and fragments of the surrounding wall, and Stoa agora city, which is 59 meters long and 9 meters wide. It is worth mentioning

the finding of a small statue made of Bronze 17 cm high, which belongs to the God of the Sea, Poseidon, as well as Antigonea Sphinx. These items are exhibited at the National History Museum in Tirana.

2 km southeast of the village Nepravishtë of the municipality Center-Libohovë, is located the Tekke of Melan. This religious building dates back to year 1869. This tekke is build over the ruins of an ancient Illyrian castle. The tekke has a very beautiful natural position welcoming visitors who wish to visit it. It has been restored in 1990 and has a characteristic Bektashi shrine.

In the province of Dropulli, near the village of Sotira, lies the natural monument called “Bredhi i Sotires”. It has the III level of protection. It has an area of ..1740 hectares, of which 1600 hectares forests and 140 hectares are unproductive. Fir of Macedonia dominates, and it consists

Antigonea

also of germander, chestnuts, maple, hornbeam, etc. Fauna is represented by mammals such as wild boar, deer, wolf, fox, rabbit, etc., while from birds we can mention partridge, duck, snipe etc. The region of Dropulli, which is populated by Greek minority, is well-known throughout the country for quite beautiful folk costumes and elegant folk dances.

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TOUR 3 - SOUTH ALBANIA

Përmet

Tepelena This small town is located alongside the Vjosa river. The main target for the visitors is the castle of Ali Pashe Tepelena, which represents a monument of culture and history. Its last reconstruction was made in 1819. The castle, whose walls rise up from side of the roadway, has three entrances and three towers. After Ioannina, this has been the second most important residence of Ali Pasha. Eckhart, a 58 Travel & Discover

TOUR 3 - SOUTH ALBANIA

Këlcyrë

British researcher, has described the castle as “Kruja of modern Skanderbeg”. A few km south of Tepelena, along the roadway to Gjirokastra, the natural sources of Cold Water of Tepelena can

be founded. Here you can stay in a forested and relaxed environment, full of cafés and restaurants. In this place is also the plant of drinking water packaging “Tepelena” water.

The town is a good base that helps the visitors explore the area of Kurvelesh, which offers numerous opportunities for natural tourism and trekking paths; to mention are “Bënça Canyon”, “Fountain of Progonat”, etc.

specialties are lamb cooking and dairy products from the rich pastures of the area.

Këlcyra Gorge offers opportunities to practice sport hunting.

After passing through the small town of Këlcyra, known in antiquity as “Klistyra”, through the valley of Vjosa (Aoos, in antiquity), you will see the stately mountains of Dhëmbel, Trebeshinë, Kokojkëë and Nemërçkë..

Këlcyra

Përmeti

Vjosa valley is characterized by an attractive nature, which is known for a rich and beautiful configuration. As coming from Gjirokastra or Tepelena, appears Këlcyra gorge.

This natural gateway of Vjosa valley reveals the natural beauty, with green mountains, magnificent river and stunning cataracts. Before reaching the town of Përmet, you can enjoy a lunch in many restaurants in Këlcyra Gorge, where the main

You will enjoy hospitality, greenery and the atmosphere of a quiet town in Përmet. During the summer, in Permet you will find numerous beaches, in ponds formed as pockets, on the banks of Vjosa river.

In restaurants in and out of this town, you will find a very special cooking art and an unforgettable service. Besides vegetable characteristic dishes, for which Përmeti is so well-known, you will try also Travel & Discover 59

“Ingjinari” cooked with olive oil, hunted meat, mountain partridge filled with mush, wild boar, wild hare, tasty fish of Vjosa, etc. Also, you will taste the wine (Cabernet, Merlot, etc.), the famous traditional Raki and wonderful gliko with all kinds of fruits.

Përmet, the city of flowers, roses, unique songs, city of purity and tranquillity (known in antiquity as “Tryfilia”, inhabited by Illyrian tribes), is known as an administrative center since century XV. Its numerous and rich Bazaars were visited by many other Balkan countries. We invite you nowadays to visit the “City Stone”, a rocky monumental outstanding massive that nature has generously donated to the city, in order to make it very special. Churches to be visited are Leusë church (century XVIII), which is known for iconostasis, frescoes, and the church of “Shën Maria” in Kosinë (century XII). Përmeti 60 Travel & Discover

is the birthplace of many great artists of Albanian pantheon as Frashëri brothers and many other prominent personalities of politics, science, letters, music and visual arts, which have laid the foundations of the Albanian nation. While we are still in the Albanian pantheon, do not miss the opportunity to climb the Frashëri mountain, about 30 km from the city. On the way to the mountain village of

Church of Leusa, Permet

Frashër, you will pass through the National Park of Bredhi i Hotoves, a unique panorama

Naim Frashëri, national poet

between countless spruce and pine. This place provides you with the opportunity for outdoor hiking, camping, etc. Other attractive sites are the thermal waters of Banja and Lengarica’s Valley, which is just 3 km from the town.

Përmeti has 6 “outdoor” natural resources, which are curative for various diseases.

The water temperature varies from 26–32 degrees C and these waters have curative properties in treating stomach, skin and rheumatism. These waters originate from the beautiful canyons of the two bridges that belong to the time of Ali Pasha as Kaiku Bridge and Dashi Bridge. Activities carried out in Përmet town are: “International Multicultural Festival”, which takes place in June and “Wine Day” held in May. During this month, a national meeting takes place here devoted to prominent figures that were born in Frashër.

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Pogradec

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c

TOUR 1 - South-East Albania

You will enter the city of Pogradec from the national road Tirana–Pogradec, which crosses through the top of “Qafë Thanë” with the road coming from the border point with the same name from Macedonia

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W

e recommend you don’t forget to have a camera with you exactly in the place where the two roads are crossed, in order to capture a rare view from the Lake of Ohrid, a gem of nature, which is under the protection of UNESCO. A few meters below, stop at Lin Peninsula and in the village with the same name, 25 km away from Pogradec. It is said that in antiquity, the parents of emperor Justinian, had Lin their favourite place to rest. Lin is built on a peninsula in the lake. There you can visit the mosaic in the Basilica of Lin on the hill, which dates back to century VI-VII B.C., known for its diversified zoomorphic, geometric and floral decoration. It has similarities with mosaics of ancient Durres.

Journey to Pogradec passes near the shore of Lake Ohrid, which, with its tectonic origin and the depth that reaches up to 285 m, is the deepest lake in the Balkans. The two million years of age lake is declared wealth of

64 Travel & Discover

TOUR 1 - South-East Albania

Prespa e Madhe

Voskopojë

Prespa e Vogël

Vithkuq Dardhë

UNESCO, because of its unique values, containing 17 fish species, 70% of which are endemic and 30% shellfish species where is distinguished the sponge of Ohrid, which is also found in Bajkal Lake.

You will find many restaurants, bars and comfortable hotels at the lakeside.

You can enjoy fish and the traditional way of cooking, precisely the famous roasting pan of Koran, pickles and “kollo facja”.

Also, you will find many types of wines, in particular traditional and unique summer wine of Buti, the famous “Perla” and “Muskat” Raki of Pogradeci. You can visit Pogradec town, inhabited since the Neolithic

period and later by Illyrian tribes of Enkelejd and Desaret (which have the same origin with the fortress of Pogradec, on a hill 870m above sea level) in any season of the year, as it has a wonderful climate. Do not leave Pogradec without visiting Drilon and Tushemisht. Drilon is a groundwater source that forms another small lake. The particular surrounding greenery, together with the picturesque village of Tushmeshit, make this place a unique oasis of tranquillity and rest.

Beside the hotels, Tushemisht is also well-known for family tourism.

From Pogradec, on the border with the district of Korça and exactly in Dardhas village of the Municipality of Poptisht (Pogradec) is found “Guri i Kamjes”, which is another natural monument with a length of 100m, 80m wide and 70m high. Its particularity is that it rises immediately above the territory around it, taking the view of a “great boat sailing on a green sea”. It is distinguished for its construction way of strong conglomerates, what makes it

very solid and resistant to external factors activity. For all those who are interested, it can be said without doubt that the impression created by it, is amazing and unforgettable, which awakens the interest to visit it, not only as a natural monument, but at the same time because of its scientific and didactic values.

Koran cooked in a casserole

Tombs of Lower Selca are located

in Pogradec district. They consist of five monumental rock tombs belonging to century IV B.C, which are located in the village of Lower Selca. In this area is believed to have been located the Illyrian city of “Pelion” and also the residence of Illyrian king named Klit. These tombs are unique in the Balkans.

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Korรงa

After Pogradec the next surprise is Korรงa, one of the largest urban centers in Albania. On the main boulevard you will enjoy in the spring the fragrance of linden trees while, in winter, it is nice to walk under the crown of trees covered with snow

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n 1887 was opened in Korça the first Albanian school.

During First World War the city was occupied by France and it was declared in this time the “Autonomous Region of Korca”.

In 1917 it was opened in this city the French Lyceum, one of the well-known schools in Albania.

What takes your attention, is the unique architecture with houses like villas, surrounded by railings and porches filled with various flowers. Particularly impressive will be for you the zone between “Republic” and “Shën Gjergji” boulevard. In this area is located the “Museum of Medieval Art” and “Prehistoric Museum”, built in two characteristic Korça houses, which will offer to you to see 1200 items representing the archaeological digging of prehistoric, Hellenic, Roman and early Byzantine periods. Of particular interest is the museum house of landscape craftsmen Vangjush Mio, as well as Bratko Collection Museum, opened in 2003 with works of oriental art

of the Far East countries. Other objects of interest are: the Bazaar of Korca (century XIX and early XX); Iliaz Bej Mirahori mosque in 1484 (the oldest monument of the city); Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ (among the largest in the Balkans); Church of Shën Elia from where you can see from above the city, etc. In the taverns of the city you will find a cooking taste

that you have not tried before.

You can try a lot of things, but do not leave without tasting pie with onions and tomatoes.

Also, don’t forget to taste the Kormina roasting pan. Korça is known for its distinctive songs, called “Serenades”, which are accompanied by guitar.

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Voskopoja

Korça is the city of carnivals.

They are held on the eve of the Orthodox Easter and this ceremony is one of the largest and most beautiful in Albania.

Voskopoja is located 25 km

east of Korça. Today it is a village, but centuries ago, it has been one of the most important economic and cultural centers in Balkan.

Known as a settlement since 1330, it reached the great boom in 1794 when it counted 30,000 inhabitants. Voskopoja 68 Travel & Discover

used to communicate with Leipzig, Budapest, Venice and Vienna. The City had 27 churches, an academy, a library and the first printing press in the Balkans since 1720. You can visit several churches in VoskopojĂŤ, among which we

will mention the Monastery of Shën Prodhomi, which is a Byzantine–style building of century XVII; Church of Shën Koll (1721) or the century XVIII, where you can find paintings of famous Albanian iconographers David Selenica and Zografi brothers from Korça, who have worked also on the Holy Mount of Athos in Chalkidiki, Greece. Basilica of “Shën Thanas”, a construction of basical type with its mural paintings having the authorship of Zoografe brothers; church of “Shën Mëhilli” of century XVIII; Church of “Shën Mëri” with its murals, which is located at the entrance of the village. In Voskopojë, except of healthy climate and fresh air, you will find also comfortable hotels, houses of family tourism and for skiing amateurs lies the natural skiing platform of Peltek.

Boboshtica is an attractive village, just 16 km from the city of Korça, situated along the segment Korçe – Dardhe.

Church of St. Maria, Voskopoja

Restaurants and taverns in this place offer traditional culinary specialties of the area.

Boboshtica is known for its unique Raki, made from berries.

Here you can also visit the old churches of “Shën Mitri” and “Shën Jovani”. Boboshtica is the birthplace of the Romanian dramaturge and academic of Albanian origin Viktor Eftimiu (1889– 1972).

Dardha is another mountain point that you should not forget to visit in Korça, 20 km southeast of Korça, at an Travel & Discover 69

altitude of 1,350 m above sea level. In this area snow falls continue for three months offering opportunities for winter sports. Near Dardha, along the road that climbs from Boboshtica to Dardha, is located natural ski platform of Bigëll, where the races of the national ski championships are held. Dardha is characterised of multiple taps and unique folk women costumes, predominantly red and black (the colours of the national flag). Beside the hotels, you can be accommodated also in the characteristic stone houses (guest house), that offer family tourism. There you will enjoy Plum Raki and two foil pie.

Along the roadway connecting Korça with Erseka is located Tomb of Kamenica.

It is the largest tomb known so far. In this object have been identified 400 graves and more than 3500 items. Tomb of Kamenica is the cemetery of a rural community that 70 Travel & Discover

has functioned as such for more than seven centuries (from the late Bronze period, around century XIII B.C. until Iron period, around mid–century VI B.C.). It was excavated in the early 2000s

by Rescue Archaeology Group of International Center for Albanian Archaeology, in collaboration with the Institute of Archaeology, Tirana.

Vithkuqi mountain village is located 25 km southwest of the city of Korça. It is known as a medieval settlement of century XVII and as an economic and cultural center, once with 24 churches. Vithkuqi is the birthplace of the Albanian National Renaissance pioneer and author of the first Albanian language ABC-book, Naum Veqilharxhi. Main tourist spots are the source of Bellovoda, churches of “Shën Pjetri”, “Shën Pavli” and “Kozma Damianoi”.

Aplinism lovers have the opportunity to perform climbing

Big Prespa

on foot or on horseback on the top of Rungaja, 1,750m above sea level. In Vithkuq you can be accommodated in village houses, where you can taste wonderful bio products.

Prespa Lakes are located in the south-eastern part of Albania.

They consist of the Great and Small Prespa Lake. Situated at an altitude of 850 meters above sea level, Great Prespa Lake constitutes the highest tectonic Balkan peninsula. It has an area of ..285 km2 and is a

contact point between Albania, Macedonia and Greece. From this lake Albania owns in total an area of ..38.8 km2. The waters of Great Prespa Lake are known for high purity up to 20 meters deep. Rugged terrain of lake line provides to Prespa an attractive and recreative view.

During summer, as a result of moderate temperatures, it is possible to use the shores for sunbathing and water. Another important tourist potential is ecotourism. In Prespa Lake are Travel & Discover 71

found 11 types of fishes. The most important are crap, eel and bleak. Fauna is represented by pink pelican, vulture, pelican curly, lutra Otter, brown bears etc. In this area are found 12 species of reptiles and 56 species of plants. As a result of birds nesting, opportunities exists for waterfowl observation.

Prespa represents the largest National Park of the country with an area of ..27,500 ha, comprising, in this order, the largest National Park in Albania. The National Park is now a RAMSAR site and has, also, a special status by UNESCO as “Trans-boundary Biosphere Reserve”. In this area is developed rural tourism, where tourists and visitors can be accommodated in the houses of the villages of the area (Zaroshke, Liqenas, Gorica Minor, Gollomboç etc.), which can be rented.

Besides the natural component, we can mention the importance

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of churches in this area. Most interesting is the church of Shën Mëri, situated in the small island of Maligrad, near the village of Liqenas.

It is the most representative monument in Great Prespa Lake, which is distinguished for the historical, architectonic and artistic values. Likewise, Prespa area is also known for some monastic churches, among which we can mention the Church of Shën Mëri in Kallamas (Bezmisht), of Evangjelizmo near Liqenas (Pusteci), etc.

Small Prespa Lake is between Albania and Greece, with an area of 44 km2. Albania owns from this lake only 4 km2.

Nearby, at the mouth of the Wolf, is located the Cave of Tren, which dates back to year 6.000 B.C. It has been a prehistoric settlement and a representative of rock art in Albania.

TOUR 2 - South-East Albania

Erseka

Erseka Erseka is a small town with about 8,000 inhabitants, located in the south of Korรงa at a distance of 45 km. It represents the highest town in Albania, situated at an altitude of 1,050 meters above sea level, at the foot of Gramos mountain.

Erseka started to be built as a town in century XVIII, even though archaeological

TOUR 2 - South-East Albania

Leskovik

discoveries show that this area has been inhabited since the Neolithic era. To mention is the finding of a small pottery of anthropomorphic form, discovered in Kamnik. This object, among the most

Travel & Discover 73

important of prehistory and antiquity, is exposed at the stands of National Museum of History in Tirana.

In Erseka city, which is located a few kilometres south of Korça, you can visit the small historical museum of the district. In the city center is to be found “the Obelisk of Kolonja Renaissance”, inaugurated in 1938, a work of the prominent sculptor Odhise Paskali, while the area near the town is attractive to exercise hunting, especially that of wild boars during the winter period.

Near the town of Erseka rises Gramos mountain, which is a natural object suitable to practice the sports of alpinism and mountain climbing. In this region, the presence of glacial lakes of Gramos and Shelegur are of importance, which are to be found at a height that reaches up to 2,360 meters above sea level. These lakes freeze over in winter.

Only 2 km near Erseka, in its 74 Travel & Discover

southeast, at the foot slopes of Gramos mountain, is located the village of Rehova, which is known for its interesting houses, built of stone. It is very eye–catching with different carving, cobblestones, etc.

Rehova remains a vantage point for the exercise of “rural tourism” serving as a basis to climb the mountain of Gramos.

Not far from the town, in its

interesting church of “Shën Kolli” dating back to 1799.

Travelling southwards your journey will continue through Barmash pass, which separates Erseka from Leskovik. Church of “Shën Mëri” in the village of Barmash, is located

Gramozi Mountain

northeast lies the village of Starja, that has a Slavic name as a result of invasions occurred in the century VIII. Starja is known for the Tekke, which dates back to 1893. Here lies the tomb of Hasan Zyko Kamberi, a versemonger of century XIX. Not too far from the city, in the north is located the village of Vodica and besides its pleasant rural environment, also the

outside its living quarters. In its courtyard are also the tombs of the village. According to the inscription, the church was painted in 1616. The monument consists of the central Naos, Narthex and Hajat.

Nearby the Barmash pass is found the village of Borova. Here you can visit the mausoleum of 107 martyrs of this village, which were executed during World War II by German Nazis on July 6th, 1943.

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Near the village of Borova is located the Borova Canyon, which is a natural interesting object.

From the pass of Barmash, the road continues to Germenji’s magnificent forests, which lie up near the small town of Leskovik. These are coniferous forests, where black pine, fir etc. predominate, whose realms occupy 70 percent of the forest area of Germenj with ..7,300 hectares. Germenj forest area is a very suitable climate realm, which lies between the heights of 1,100 to 2.044 meters above sea level. Here are cultivated

Germenji Forest is represented with the wild pig, wolf, gray bear, fox, wild rabbit, gazelle.

76 Travel & Discover

also other plants like black and red juniper, salep, mountain tea, elder etc. The forest fauna is represented by wild boar, wolf, brown bear, fox, hare, gazelle.

Germenji forest is a very suitable place for excursions, tourism tents and camping during the summer, hiking in the woods, etc. On the territory of this forest is to be found Bar–Restaurant “Villa Gërmenji” where, in addition to basic services, there is also a mini–zoo (small zoological garden), which is quite amusing, especially for children.

On the way from Gërmenji to Leskovik, avoiding national road and travelling westward, you will arrive at the village of Vrepçke, which is known for its beautiful and virgin nature and especially for its waterfalls.

After Germenji forest appears the small town of Leskovik.

Leskovik is known especially for the formations of folk orchestra, called “the Leskovik

harmonica” and the types of wines produced here “Pinot nero” and “mavrud”. Above all, Leskoviku is mentioned for the thermal water resources, which can be found 10 km south of the small town of Leskovik. They are called Vronomeros resources and are thermal springs rich of various salts, which treat some diseases and complications.

Water temperature is from 29–40 degrees C. At this place it is offered a modern accommodation with specialized medical staff, food and accommodation services.

To be mentioned in this area, are also the Postenan steam baths. In southern Leskovik, in Cerkë village, is located the church “Shën Mëri”, which is famous for its frescoes. The church perched on a rocky shore, parts of which are included within the walls.

The church consists of a late Narthex, which lies on its west and south side, from

Germenji Forest

the rectangular naos in the plan and altar environment.

The interior of the church is decorated with frescoes of a high artistic quality, the study of which has led to the conclusion that their prototypes are found in north-western Macedonia and the style of composed synthesis and individual reports, show close ties with picturesque ensembles that were painted in this area in the last third of century XIV. Travel & Discover 77

Shkodra

78 Travel & Discover

TOUR 1 - North Albania

Shkodra is one of the oldest cities of Albania, founded in century IV B.C. as the center of the Illyrian tribe of Labeate

Travel & Discover 79

T

hroughout its history it has known numerous occupations, such as the Roman one (168 B.C.), Serbian occupation (year 1040), Venetian occupation (year 1396), Ottoman occupation (year 1479). Later it became the center of the Albanian feudal principality of Balshaj in century XIV, and the capital of the Bushatllinj pashallek during 1757–1831. Shkodra is considered one of the cities with a rich cultural heritage, being the birthplace of a whole constellation of artists, musicians, painters, photographers, poets and writers. The main tourist attraction of the city is the castle of Illyrian origin, which is perched on a rocky hill west of the city, surrounded by the waters of three rivers: Drini, Buna and Kiri. According to the historian Titus Livius, “it was the strongest place of Labeates”. The castle is related to the popular legend. Rozafa, one of the wives

80 Travel & Discover

TOUR 1 - North Albania

Vermosh

Bogë

Theth

Razëm

Velipojë

of three brothers, who set up the walls of the castle, was buried in the wall in order to keep the walls away from falling. Lime water that leaks at the entrance of the castle is also associated with folk legend according to which it is Rozafa’s breast milk, which was left out to feed her baby. The castle has taken the form it has today during the rule of Balshaj. It has passed various periods, which have left their tracks like the Venetian, Ottoman period (Century

Shkodra

XVI–XVII), Bushatllinj (century XVIII–XIX).

Other objects to be visited in the city of Shkodra are Historical Museum, Marubi Phototheque, Clock Tower of Ingliz, etc. Of interest are neighbourhoods of Gjuhadol and Serreqi where you can find objects of Venetian architecture. The city is located close to Lake of Shkodra, the largest one in the Balkan Peninsula with an area of 368km2 (Albania has 149km2 from this lake). The uniqueness

of it, is the variable typology of coast. Southern coast is high and rocky, while the northern coast is low. On the south coast are two main tourist centers, Shiroka and Zogaj. Shiroka’s name is associated with “Shen Roku” and in his honour is organized a pilgrimage every 15 August. According to tradition, after 15 August is prohibited swimming in the waters of the lake. The main food specialty of this area is the characteristic cooking of “carp casserole”.

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Carp prepared in a casserole with vegetables

On the north coast, near the picturesque Lake, are located several villages as Jubica, Fllak, Kalldruni etc.

The journey to this destination is a very nice experience and at the same time this area offers opportunities for fishing and rowing. The climate of Shkodra Lake is warm with 250–260 sunny days a year. Main activities are swimming and driving. Besides these potentials, Shkodra lake represents a very important natural ecosystem.

Here are to be found 270 species of birds, or 87 percent of ortino–fauna found in Albania.

Lake waters are rich with 45

Middle Bridge Middle Bridge is located just 8 km away from Shkodra, on the Kir river. Three bridges were to be found on this river: Expensive Bridge, Kir Bridge and Middle Bridge . Nowadays only the Middle Bridge has survived, as the two other bridges were destroyed. Middle Bridge connects Shkodra with Drisht and Cukali provines.

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It is unique in its kind and represents a “monument of culture”. This bridge is mentioned by prominent Austrian famous albanologist Hahn in the middle of century XIX. The bridge has 13 arches and is 108 meters long. It was built by Mehmet Pashe Bushati at the end of century XVIII. It is a monument of first category since 1948.

species of fish and the most important are carp, eel and shtojza. Shkodra Lake, together with Buna River Delta, which stems from this lake, are part of the international RAMSAR convention.

Only 9 km from the city of Shkodra, lies the medieval town of Sarde, which is located on the island of Shurdhahu, the artificial lake of Vau Deja. This town is known as residence of feudal family of Dukagjini and until century XV it has been an important cultural center. To visit this place, you should order a vessel from Vau Deja dam. The remaining facilities on the island

are: the church walls and gates of the castle, among which we mention the Church of Zoja.

Velipoja Beach is located just 22 km from the city of Shkodra. This is a 4 km long beach, known for the quality of sand with high content of iodine. Besides water activities (swimming, fishing), near the beach of Velipoja are found interesting and valuable natural objects. Vilun lagoon and the alluvial island of “Francis Joseph� are distinguished, situated at the mouth of Buna River, on the border with Montenegro.

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Razma Albanian alpine tour is not complete without a visit to the Western Alps. There you will enjoy something you have never experienced before while walking through ancient legends from the time of Homer up to modern times. This tour offers you the opportunity to enjoy a 84 Travel & Discover

unique part of the Albanian Alps entering their heart in the Thethi Den. The initial journey to the high mountain region is the city of Shkodra, towards the nearest point (41 km away). Razma, located on a “morenik” hill at the foot of Veleçik mountain, is a climatic site covered with forests of pine and birch trees. At the same time, there

exploration of numerous caves (which are found in this area), mountain climbing, tourism in tents (during summer) and skiing.

Boga

Bogë

are stunning alpine meadows and pastures. The uniqueness of Razma, despite huge snow precipitation, is that it is never blocked, making it possible to be frequented throughout the winter. In this place you can find accommodation as several hotels are built. Activities taking place in Razëm are: excursions,

From Razma, road turns to Dedaj village and leads you to the point of Boga, which is located between the Alps and was described by the famous English traveller Edith Durham in her book “Albania, the Balkan’s grief”. Boga offers the opportunity for numerous activities such as mountain climbing, skiing and especially speleology (tourism of cave exploration). It is worth to mention here the Cave of Mill, Cave of Ice-Cream and Cave of Wet People, etc. Very special is Cave of Puçi, located at an altitude of 1,087 m above sea level, 5 km long and rich with stalactites, stalagmites and wall veils. The cave has several floors and five floors in the central part of it. Through galleries, this cave is related to another cave, called Cave of Husi.

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Thethi After Boga comes the main tourist site of the area, Thethi, located about 70 km far from Shkodra. To arrive in Theth, you should pass Qafa Terthore 2000 m above sea level. From here you can climb down to Thethi, traversed by the stream of the same name. Its wooden cover consists mainly of massive beech, which account for almost 90% of the area of ..the park.

There are plenty of flowers.

To be mentioned is “Wulfenia Baldaci”, discovered by Italian botanist Baldaci. This flower can be found only in Theth. Fauna is also rich and diverse. Worth mentioning is the presence of lynx (lynx lynx), which has here its most populated habitat. In the waters of the Thethi’s brook, “marble trout” is found. In Thethi area are very attractive objects like “Waterfall of Grunas” that reaches 25–30 m height. Quite interesting are the sources of cold waters of Okoli and caves of “Birreve me Rrathe” and 86 Travel & Discover

“Arapi”. In the park of Theth can be organized a series of activities such as trekking, alpinism, skiing (especially on the eastern slope), speleology, sport fishing, mountain biking, etc. Accommodation in Theth is to be found in the homes of the area, which are of a typical alpine architecture. The most characteristic food of this area is fërliku (baked meat) and cooking of the trout. From Theth, the journey may continue through the valley of the river of Shala, going deeper into the Alps.

Vermoshi Another point that is part of the Western Alps region is Vermoshi, which constitutes the most northern area of ..Albania.

Vermoshi is located 95 km away from the city of Shkodra.

The uniqueness during this trip is Qafa e Rrapshit, from where you can see Cemi river with its clear waters contrasting with the beautiful surrounding landscape.

Some small ponds that creates

Theth

the river in summer can also be used for sunbathing. Vermoshi is part of the province of Kelmendi; the label comes from the Latin word “Clemens� which means sage, simple. Vermoshi is located

in a mountainous area up to 1,100 m above sea level and on the high slopes. In Vermosh can take place outdoor activities such as climbing, trekking, skiing and hunting trout. Regarding the food in Kelmendi’s area, we can mention the high quality of dairy products. A tour of the area will make you live the atmosphere of legends since ancient times and above all, the Albanian hospitality, known by foreigners, who have had the opportunity to experience it.

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TOUR 2 - North Albania

Valbona Valley Valbona Valley lies in the eastern part of the Albanian Alps. It is one of the most beautiful natural areas of Albania, declared National Park occupying an area of ..8000 hectares. Valbona is part of the “Peace Park” project, which lies in the territories between Albania, Kosovo and 88 Travel & Discover

Montenegro. This park is 27 km away from the alpine town of Bajram Curri. Before visiting Valbona River Valley, you will encounter the source (Vrella) of Shoshan which is located only 3 km from the town of Bajram Curri. In Valbona River flows a karstic source that creates an attractive canyon 2–3 m wide and with a depth

TOUR 2 - North Albania

Valbonë

Fierëz

Koman

Ulëz Laguna e Matit

Valbonë

of 50 m. Visiting Valbona Valley, you will pass from some villages. The first is Dragobia, with alpine style houses. After Dragobia, on a mountain slope where the stream of Cerem in Valbona flows, is to be found the famous cave of the national hero Bajram Curri. Valbona (or Selimaj) is located 25 km away from the town of Bajram Curri

and it is the main inhabited center of the valley. The village has 300 inhabitants and 400 years of age. It is thought that the roots of this village are from Vuthaj, Montenegro. In this sector, the valley widens, and gives you the opportunity to stay in the homes of the area inhabitants or in a hotel.

Characteristic dishes are Travel & Discover 89

specialties such as: “mazja”, “flija”, “pitja” etc.

Last village before Valbona source is Rrogami, which is a deep village found in virgin and unexplored nature. The whole

Flija – Characteristic dish (prepared with crepe-like layers with cream and kaymak)

valley is known for a colourful and rare beauty.

On one side are the Valbona crystalline waters and on the other the steep slopes of the mountains covered with green vegetation.

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Until May, one can look clean and intact snow, which contrasts with the colour of the sky. The vegetation of this national park consists of a variety of plants and trees, where a fairly large spread have primarily the hormoq tree formations. The other type consists of beech, arnen, chestnuts, walnuts and wild apple trees. Widespread are forest fruits such as blueberries and strawberries. The park fauna is represented by brown bears, wolves, wild cats, while on the rocks may lie ahead even herds of wild goats. In the river is to be found the “marble trout”.

Valbona Valley area and the park are known for heavy snow, which normally starts from the beginning of November and lasts until May. Snow here creates an average layer of 1 m. In Valbona National Park a range of outdoor activities can take place, such as excursions, trekking through the valley and streams (Cerremi, Kukajve),

sport of canoe in certain places of the river, skiing, mountain climbing the slopes. Valbona can serve also as the basis for climbing Mount Jezerca (second highest top in Albania), hiking with horses along the river valley, as well as sport fishing.

In the north–east of Valbona Park, is located Gashi River valley, which is a protected area. Important attractions are also the glacial lakes of Dobërdol–Sylbica. This trip can be organized with horses and can be visited during the summer.

Koman Lake Koman artificial lake is formed by the river Drin watershed, as a result of construction of Koman hydro-power plant. It has an area of 12 km2 with a length of 34.5 km and width of its banks only 50–60 meters.

The lake bed is located between the valleys and narrow canyons of extraordinary beauty.

Its shores are rocky and fall

Koman Lake

sloping over the lake.

The sailing on it resembles a voyage on a “fjord”.

This lake connects Shkodra with Tirana and Bajram Curri and thereby with Valbona Valley.

Fierza Lake Fierza artificial lake is the largest of this kind in Albania.

It was created during the year 1979 to 1980 as a result of the construction of hydro-power Travel & Discover 91

Kukës

plant of Fierza. Its waters drench territories of four districts Kuksi, Has, Tropoje and Puka.

The Lake’s area reaches 7.000 hectares, its length is 70 km.

Lake waters are 350 meters above sea level.

It is home of 11 species of fish.

The main activities offered by this basin are water sports, sunbathing, sport fishing etc.

The city of Kuksi is the main center of the district bearing the

92 Travel & Discover

same name. It is the largest and most important city of northeastern Albania and also the main point of communication between Albania and Kosovo.

Near the town is located the Morine border crossing point (30 km) connecting Kuksi to Prizren and other parts of Kosovo.

First town or “old Kukes” is flooded by the waters of the artificial lake of Fierza created

in 1976. The new city was built during the 70s along the mountain of Gjallica. In the town of Kuksi is found the first exposed bust of Gjergj Kastriot, inaugurated in 1932, a work of sculptor Odhise Paskali.

Kukes area is known for the production of many types of Raki as that of blackberry, plum, juniper, etc., but above all, it is well-known for producing a non–alcoholic beverage called Boza, which is prepared with corn. In Kukes you can also visit the historical museum of the area, which is located in a shaped tower building.

From the city you can take a trip to the mountainous area of Shishtavec, which is a mountainous plateau populated with eight villages, where the largest one is Shishtavec. It is located at a distance of 31 km southeast of the town of Kuksi, near the border with Kosovo, where there is also a border crossing point which connects

Ulza Lake

it with Brod in Kosovo. The Plateau lies in heights from 900 to 2130 meters above sea level.

This area has very favourable natural platforms for skiing and other winter sports. Snow falls last from November to March and create a significant layer.

Another activity that takes place in this area is horse racing (horseback riding). A very attractive place is the Novosela birch forest.

Travel & Discover 93

Lagoon of Mat and Dibra Along the roadway that connects the port of Durres with Morina, connecting in this way Albania with Kosovo, after entering the Nation highway and passing Milot, you should turn were the street indication informs you to follow the direction to Mat and Dibra.

The visitors will have the opportunity to enjoy the beauty of panoramic gorge of Shkopet and also Ulza Lake. Gorge of Shkopet, created by the penetration of Mat River before it flows out in its field bed, is located 20 km from the town of Burrel. The gorge consists of a rock formation 40 meters deep.

Ulza Lake, which comes later is created by the construction of the power station dam. It has an area of ..13.5 km2 and a maximum depth up to 61 meters. The shores of the lake are hilly and covered with vegetation creating in this way a very beautiful colouring. The 94 Travel & Discover

shores of Ulza Lake are suitable for sunbathing, while its waters suitable for sailing with small boats and fishing.

Afterwards you will reach the town of Burrel. Here you can visit the Museum of Mat, built in 1983. The museum reflects the history of this area.

Quite interesting is the model of a gunpowder production workshop, for which Mat area has been well-known over the years.

At a distance of 40 km northeast of the town of Burrel is located the National Park of Zall Gjoçaj.

It lies at an altitude that ranges from 600 – 2010 meters above sea level. Snow falls are heavy and create a layer that lasts from 50 to 100 days a year. Flora is represented by trees such as black pine, fir, maple and beech. In the park are found also old trees of the age form 150 to 200 years old. Herbs and strawberries are also widespread in this area. Fauna consists of

Zall Gjoçaj National Park

the presence of the brown bear, wolf, fox, hare. It is home for the species of birds such as grouse, eagles, wild pigeon, etc. The opportunities for the development of eco – tourism and green mountain tourism are great in this area.

Following the journey along the national road in the south–east of Burrel, you will arrive in the small town of Klos, known for Raki and artisanal wine production. South of Klos you

can travel towards the Guri i Bardhë passing the countryside of Fshat and Petralba. Here on a ridge with a height of 778 meters are found the ruins of the castle of Guri i Bardhë.

The construction of the castle is not known precisely, but it is thought that it was built after the downfall of Illyrian castle of Xibri, located not far from it. Guri i Bardhe has been one of the first fortifications that Skanderbeg took up after his Travel & Discover 95

Lake in Martanesh Region

arrival in Albania in 1443. It is believed that in 1456 here was born his son Gjon Kastrioti.

Skanderbeg used the castle of Guri i Bardhe as a base for its troops in battle of Vajkal.

This tour can also provide you the opportunity to visit the glacial lakes of unique beauty that lay in isolated and remote places. To go to these areas you need a vehicle type “Pick Up 4x4�. Such is the Black Lake, which is located in the 96 Travel & Discover

municipality of Martanesh, on the northern slope of Mali i Lopes. This lake lies at an altitude of 1,800 meters above sea level and has an area of ..1.2 hectares. Its uniqueness is the depth which reaches 60 meters, and black colour of waters, which is a consequence of basalt bed on which is located the lake. The shores of the lake are surrounded by beech and pine forests. It is ideal for those who want to

avoid noise and admire the virgin nature.

On the other side, you can visit the complex of glacial lake of Balgjai that lies in northeast of Klos or north of Bulqize. From this point we have a view of a karstic landscape of Miçek mountain and its meadows.

Continuing the road towards Peshkopi you can visit the cave of Valikardhë, located near the village along the road from Bulqize to Zerqan. In Zerqan are found two houses declared cultural monuments.

On the way from Bulqize to Maqellarë, 11 km southeast of Peshkopi city, not far from Maqellara is found the Castle of Grezhdan. This castle belongs to the late Roman period of century IV. The Castle occupies an area of ..34 hectares.

During the Middle Ages this was the castle of Stefigrad, which was under the control of Skanderbeg. This castle is a cultural monument since 1963.

To the left of the road (Bulqizë

–Maqellarë), after you reach the village of Bllace you can visit the Tekke of Bllacës, which dates back to the year 1800.

Today the tekke consists of two two–story arched buildings.

The city of Peshkopi is located in north-eastern Albania. Name “Peshkopi” is derived from the Ancient Greek “episcopi”,

which means “bishop’s mansion”. For the first time it was mentioned in a document of century XV. The city is wellknown for spaas (its thermal waters). They stem from deposits of gypsum and are two sulphate fountains with high content of potassium. These waters have curative abilities for diabetes, respiratory diseases, skin Travel & Discover 97

diseases, etc. Private hotels in this area offer accommodation.

In Peshkopi you can visit also the Ethnographic Museum of Dibra, in the form of a characteristic house where there is a fund of 2,000 objects. They include local costumes, carpets, kitchenware, bijoux, Illyrian period weapons, coins etc.

From Peshkopi city, the alpinism and mountain climbers can take a trip to Radomira to climb up the mountain of Korabi, which is the highest mountain in Albania, 2,751 meters above sea level. It is located in the north of Peshkopi and to go there you should follow the itinerary Peshkopi – Kastriot – Sllov – Radomire.

Korab mountain is divided into three ridges, which are divided between them by three holes.

More interesting is the Gropa e Panairit, which has an oval shape with flat bottom. Here you can see many colourful flowers.

On the east side of Peshkopi is 98 Travel & Discover

Lura’s National Park, situated at a distance of 55 km from Peshkopi. In fact the most appropriate way to arrive there is through the other side passing from Kurbnesh, which distance is 30 km. Lura Park has an area of ..1,280 hectares and lies at an

Korabi Mountain

the alpinism and mountain climbers can take a trip to Radomira to climb up the mountain of Korabi, which is the highest mountain in Albania, 2,751 meters

altitude ranging from 1,350 to 1,720 meters above sea level on the east side of Kunora and Lura mountain. The most attractive objects of this park are the complex of14 glacial lakes (of which 7 have water throughout the year). They have a special Travel & Discover 99

White Fountain

charm between massive and old forests. These lakes are placed at 1,600 meters above sea level and have a total area of ..100 hectares. The main lakes are the Great Lake with 32 hectares, Pine Lake 13 hectares, Black Lake 8 hectares and Flowers Lake with 4 hectares. The latter is known for a special beauty as in the summer its surface is covered with white water lilies and its reflection resembles a great garden. In winter surfaces of these lakes freeze. The 100 Travel & Discover

vegetation of the park consists of old beech forests. There grow other trees like pines, black pine, fir, white and red arnen, maple etc. Fauna is represented by brown bear, lynx, chamois, marten and deer. Birds are grouse, owl, etc. The main activities that take place in the park of Lura are eco–tourism, winter sports, like mountain climbing, horse riding held in the meadow called “Fusha e Pelave�, which is located in the southern part of the park with

an area of 18 hectares.

While access to the nation’s highways, following the national road in its first kilometres appears Rubik Church. It is situated on a rocky hill in the small industrial town of Rubik and has been built in 1272. The church represents an important cult object of century XII, XIII. Its unique value are frescos, murals of Byzantine–style. The building is a cultural monument and is of high interest in terms of construction and architectural aspect. Rubik church had served as Benedictine abbey and as Franciscan convent. It has been part of the Diocese of Lezha.

Mirdita district, where this monument is located, provides good opportunities for mountain and curative tourism. Of a great importance is the source of Kroi i Bardhë, located in the municipality of Selita. This is a famous source of water, which springs between Dridha and

Kunora mountain. The source is found at an altitude of 1,350 meters from sea level and a distance of 55 km from Rrëshen.

The waters of this source are curative for some diseases like the urinary system, kidney, stomach, thyroid and larynx.

These values ..were detected during the First World War. The place is highly frequented during the summer. On the other hand Dridha and Valmuri plateau are suitable places for mountain tourism activities.

Rubiku Church Travel & Discover 101

Via

Eg natia

102 Travel & Discover

SPECIAL TOUR

“Via Egnatia” that used to connect Rome with Byzantium, passed also through the Albanian territories, starting from the port of Durres to the border with Macedonia. Following the footsteps of this way, the visitor will have the opportunity to visit some urban centers, stations and traces of the old road. Below we describe the places where “Via Egnatia” passed

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T

he city of Durres with 3000 years of history is considered as one of the largest cities of the Ancient Mediterranean. The first Christian municipality in Durres was founded around the year 58 A.D. Christian settlements are well-known in the territory of Illyria. The preaching of the Bible in the territory of Albania has been committed by the apostle Shën Pal. Durres city has the first Christian saint in the territory of Albania.

This was Shën Asti, who was bishop of Durres during the period of Emperor Trajan (98– 117 A.D). We should emphasize the fact that, during this period many Italians came in Albania to escape persecution of Christians.

Shën Asti was arrested by the Roman governor Agricola around the year 98 A.D. He was tortured and executed. It is thought that the reason was the refusal of the cult of Dionysus.

Today, in Durres it is found in his honour the church of Shën Asti (originally this church was built

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in century XIV. Shën Asti date is 6 June.

The cult of Shën Vlash has entered into Europe around VIII century near the Durres city. In Vrinë it is found the monastery of Shën Vlash. Once, this place has been the object of pilgrimage, where pilgrims hoped to cure the diseases. However, even today, here pilgrimage is organised in honour of Shën Mëri on 15th August. The monastery was rebuilt in 1996 in his dedication.

In Durres is found nowadays the Byzantine forum (Rotonda),

Venetian Tower, Durres; (left) Chapel in the Amphitheatre

near of which existed a cemetery of 80 graves. This is a Christian–type building. The monument is compared with Roman constructions and it is dedicated to the first Christian emperor, Constantine the Great.

The monument has a diameter of 40 meters and an area of ..1,600 square meters. The floor was paved by stone slabs and the columns are made of white marble. It is interesting the fact that it was thought that this

monument has inspired the king of the Goths Theodoric to build his Mausoleum in Ravenna, Italy.

This latter passed in Durres in 483.

In the region near Durres, in XIII-XIV century, with the mediation of the Franciscan and Dominican orders, churches of Çeta were built (XIII century) near Kavaja and Shën Anou of the Cape of Rodon. These are typical churches of Romano– Gothic style. In the church of Travel & Discover 105

Mosaic in Arapaj Basilica

Shën Ndou of Rodon cape, takes place a pilgrimage every 15 June. The religious people touch the walls of the church. It is thought that this rite affects the fertility of women. Çeta Church which is situated near the village of Zig– Xhafaj north of Kavaja, it is a very special church, whose construction belongs to XIII century. In its interior there are several frescoes in several layers. The church is called Shën e Premte and belongs to the 106 Travel & Discover

Roman–Gothic architecture, a fact which speaks about different currents effects. Wooden central iconostasis is painted by prominent Albanian author in iconography, Kostandin Shpataraku.

The most important monument is the amphitheatre of Durres which, by size, is the second largest in the Balkans, after that of Pula in Croatia. It was built in century II A.D. The amphitheatre has a capacity of 15 –20 thousand spectators and

it is similar from the construction style with the monuments of Capua and Pompeii in Italy.

In century X was built in its galleries a “chapel”, which is distinguished for its rare murals and mosaics.

Besides these monuments, in Durres city you can visit the Archaeological Museum, which is organized into two main pavilions, in the Hellenistic and Roman pavilion.

Arapaj mosaic and basilica

is situated on a hill of Arapaj village, south of the city of Durres. This is a Paleochristian basilica of century VI A.D. The Part discovered in 1974 is part of a monumental building.

This basilica belonged to the church of Shën Mëhill, burned by the Normans. The discovered Basilica consists of Abbasids, salons, courtyard and two funeral annexes. In one of them is found the famous mosaic of Arapaj with an area of ..50 meters square. This is one of the largest mosaics of Albania and Balkans. The mosaic consists of two emblems with pastoral motifs. To ensure protection of this mosaic from atmospheric agents, the mosaic is covered with plastic nets and to visit it you will need a special permit from the Institute of Cultural Monuments.

By travelling towards the old road “Via Egnatia”, which connected Rome with Byzantium, after passing Durres you will arrive in Kavaja (20 km).

Here you can visit the Ethnographic Museum of Kavaja. It is located in the neighbourhood of Zgurraj.

Objects are exposed in a house of traditional architecture.

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The exponents consist of embroidery items, copper works, pottery, costumes design, etc.

Continuing the journey on south, you can divert from the road in order to visit the Bashtova Castle. It rises near the village of Bashtova at a distance of 3– 4 km north of the mouth of Shkumbini river. The castle was built in XV century and served to the Venetians.

Bashtova area is referred to as a river port in Shkumbin and a grain export center. The castle has a rectangular shape with dimensions 60 x 90 meters.

Its western part was rebuilt in century XVIII. Its walls have a height of 9 meters.

The journey continues towards the small town of Peqin, known in antiquity by the name Klaudiana. The object of interest to be visited is the castle of Peqin. This is a medieval fortress built in century XV, but is thought to have been built on ancient foundations. Turrets can be noticed from their polygonal 108 Travel & Discover

shape used for the cannons. The castle is located near the river Shkumbini and underwent over three reconstruction periods.

Following the journey towards Elbasan, we can encounter traces of the old road “Via Egnatia”, which passed in this region. This road is mentioned for the first time by Polybius in year 120 B.C. An interesting object to be visited is the station “Ad Quintum”, built in century II A.D. This monument is a complex with a rectangular area

Bashtova Fortress

measuring 45 x 12 meters. Here are found also the terms of 130 meters square. This monument is located near the city of Elbasan.

One of the objects of tourist interest are the walls of Skampa Castle that surrounds the city’s residential neighbourhoods.

This castle was built in the time of Emperor Diolklician.

With an area of ..10 hectares, this building originally served to accommodate a Roman legion. This castle was important because afterwards served as a genesis for the future city.

Via Egnatia

Within the walls of the castle is a Unite church (the only one of its kind in Albania). This was a catholic rite church that aimed the unification of Catholics and Orthodox grouping.

In Elbasan you can visit the Ethnographic museum, which is located in a characteristic and traditional house of XVIII century with two floors. During the trip from Elbasan along Shkumbin valley, in the area of ..Librazhd, “Via Egnatia” had some important stations such as Babjes, Spathara and Uraka.

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