Envy and Jealousy: Understanding the Complex Emotions

By Tina Winchester

Envy and jealousy are two intricate and often misunderstood emotions that psychologists have studied extensively to unravel their psychological underpinnings and impact on human behaviour. While they both involve the feelings of discontent and rivalry, they arise from different sources and can have distinct effects on individuals’ well-being.

Envy typically emerges when a person covets something possessed by another—be it material possessions, success, talents, or relationships. In workplaces we often see this in relation to recognition of success by peers. Psychologically, envy often stems from a sense of inadequacy or low self-esteem. When someone perceives others as having more or being better, it triggers feelings of resentment and bitterness.

Envy can be a powerful motivator, driving individuals to strive for what they desire. However, it can also be destructive, leading to negative thoughts, actions, and strained relationships.

Jealousy, on the other hand, typically occurs in the context of perceived threats to a valued relationship. This can include the fear of losing a partner’s affection or the suspicion of infidelity. Psychologically, jealousy often arises from insecurity and the need for emotional validation.

It is a natural response to the perception of a real or imagined rival. While jealousy can serve as a protective mechanism for relationships, excessive or irrational jealousy can erode trust and lead to relationship conflicts.

Both envy and jealousy can have significant psychological and interpersonal consequences. They can fuel feelings of resentment, anxiety, and anger, which, if left unchecked, can negatively impact mental health.

These emotions can also lead to destructive behaviours, such as gossip, aggression, or even sabotage, as individuals attempt to level the perceived playing field or protect what they hold dear.

From a psychological perspective, it is essential to acknowledge and address envy and jealousy constructively. Self-awareness is a crucial first step. Recognising these emotions and their sources can help individuals gain insight into their insecurities and triggers. Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and other therapeutic approaches can be effective in helping individuals manage and cope with envy and jealousy.

In conclusion, envy and jealousy are complex emotions that have their roots in feelings of inadequacy, insecurity, and rivalry. Recognising these emotions, their origins, and their potential consequences is the first step toward healthier and more fulfilling emotional experiences.

Tina Winchester, CoFounder and Mental Health Director of Mentally Well Workplaces/Career Development Centre

www.mentallywellworkplaces.com.au/ www.careerdevelopmentcentre.com.au/ www.linkedin.com/company/mentally-wellworkplaces/