INSIGHTS
INTERNATIONAL: COLLABORATIVE ROBOTS Lee Ray, TÜV SÜD
Electro-sensitive protective equipment tests, collaborative robots Electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE), such as light guards and laser scanners, are crucial for collaborative robots, but inspection and testing are often neglected.
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ecause collaborative robots are designed to work alongside human co-workers, they cannot be caged by a physical guarding mechanism. This means electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE), such as light guards and laser scanners, is more prevalent than ever before. However, ESPE inspection and testing is often neglected as many machinery owners are unsure how often it should be assessed. The International Electrotechnical Commission’s EN 61496 series specifies requirements for the design, construction and testing of ESPE designed specifically to detect persons as part of a safety-related system, employing active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs) for the sensing function. This is then used in conjunction with EN ISO 13855 to determine the correct installation location for the light guard, which should be verified after installation. The complete system for detection, actuation and stopping is not solely reliant on the electrical signals. There are normally wear components that are installed as part of that system to enable a shorter stopping time. Through the lifecycle of use, there is potential for these parts to wear and this could introduce a situation where access can be gained through a light guard, to a hazardous part of the machine, while it is still in KEYWORDS: collaborative robots, electro-sensitive run down. protective equipment The Amended Use of Work Equipment (ESPE) Directive (AUWED) places requirements on Collaborative robots machinery users to inspect and maintain the can enhance safety with equipment and safety critical functions of the electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) such equipment. The testing frequency of the light as light guards and laser guard cannot be determined by the composcanners. nent manufacturer for the stop time, as they Inspection and tests must are not responsible for installing the system first be done when the as a whole. It is the light guard integrators complete ESPE and machine responsibility to select and configure the syspackage is installed. tem correctly, and the user must conduct testONLINE ing and maintenance to ensure this function Link to more at does not deteriorate. www.controleng.com/ Inspection and tests must first be done international. when the complete ESPE and machine packCONSIDER THIS age is installed, and thereafter when modiWhat other ways can fication or repairs have been made or the manufacturers enhance installation is relocated. In addition, EN IEC collaborative robot safety?
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62046 states in clause 7.3 that periodic inspection and testing should not be greater than 12 months unless local regulations state otherwise. This is to ensure deterioration has not occurred in the stopping performance for the lifecycle of the machine.
Local enforcing authorities, inspections
Following guidance from local enforcing authorities is strongly recommended. For example, in the UK the HSE has created HSG180 which defines the recommended maximum period between each periodic inspection and test as being six months for type 4 ESPE and 12 months for type 2 ESPE. This is still quite subjective as the guidance then says that the frequency of inspections ultimately depends upon on the equipment that the ESPE is fitted to and the risk as a whole. The good news for machinery end-users is that HSG180 requires the machine and the ESPE supplier to supply information relating to routine maintenance and inspection requirements. This should help the end-user to develop a robust inspection and set an initial test regime frequency. The guide also requires that the initial inspection and test is carried out by competent persons, such as an in-house inspector, the installer or supplier, or an independent assessor. The results of any inspections must also be recorded. The HSG180 guide also helps the inspector to ensure that the inspection and test process achieves a good general standard of performance. For example, it should not be possible for the dangerous parts of the machine to be set in operation while any part of a person is in such a position as to actuate the AOPD. In multiple instances the need for light guard testing has not been realized. While functional safety checks are recognized as good practice, they are no substitute for the required periodic testing. The stop time test (part of the periodic test), would detect any deteriorating system parts which no longer offer the required protection. This usually cannot be seen, like fixed guarding, so needs to be proven by testing. ce
Lee Ray is operations manager, TÜV SÜD. This article originally appeared on Control Engineering Europe’s website. Edited by Chris Vavra, associate editor, Control Engineering, CFE Media and Technology, cvavra@cfemedia.com. www.controleng.com
