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The benefits of integrated communications

Trump’s plans for the next four years

December 2016

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contents december 2016

14 18

On January 20, President-elect Donald Trump will enter the White House with an energy and environmental policy agenda diametrically opposed to that of the Obama administration.

As he seeks to implement this programme, Trump’s transition team contains lobbyists for fossil fuel companies and climate change sceptics, many of whom are likely to be placed in prominent positions in his new administration.

He has said he will withdraw the US from the international Paris climate accord, one of President Obama’s main legacies, and pledged to change domestic energy and environmental priorities. He wants to open up federal lands to oil and gas drilling and coal mining, eliminate environmental regulations and scrap proposed regulations for tighter methane controls on hydrocarbon producers. And he wants to shrink the role of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to a mostly advisory one and neuter the Clean Power Plan, Obama’s proposed plan to push utilities toward lower carbon emissions.

Trump himself has called the concept of global warming a hoax, as well as a scheme “created by and for the Chinese in order to make US manufacturing non-competitive.”

The energy sector needs a clear, long-term policy from Government to support the supply chain

Although too early to form a definite idea of his final energy programme, based on his website and pronouncements it is possible to build a picture of his likely actions. For our take on this, go to page 5.

23

...Alan Franck, Editor

in this issue News Extra

5

Explosion-proof vehicles are vital workhorses in areas with potentially explosive atmospheres

• Trump maps out new direction for US energy sector • China coal mine closure plan too successful • World CO2 emissions stay flat for third year • Germany to cut carbon emissions up to 95% by 2050 • Two years to save North Sea oil industry – PwC report • Oklahoma rocked by earthquakes caused by fracking

26

16

EPSC – The first chapter

17

Standards: IECEx – A busy few months

18

The UK government, the energy sector and its supply chain

23

Vehicles for hazardous areas

26

Maintaining ageing fire safety equipment in the offshore sector

28

How integrated communications can improve asset management

29

How marginal gains can reap huge savings over time

30

Oil supply security in Central Europe

32

Event previews

Fire protection systems on offshore oil and gas installations face particularly difficult conditions

28

• ICOGPE 2016 - 26-27 December 2016 – Dubai, UAE • API Inspection Summit 2017 - 30 Jan–2 Feb 2017 - Galveston, Texas • Energy Mexico 2017 - 31 Jan-2 Feb 2017 - Mexico City

33

Integrated communications require a collaborative approach and can transform high hazard plant operations

Datafiles & Buyers Guide Hazardex is a controlled circulation journal published monthly.

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Hazardex content is the property of the publishers or relevant content providers. The publishers and sponsors of this magazine are not responsible for the results of any actions or omissions taken on the basis of information in this publication. In particular, no liability can be accepted in respect of any claim based on or in relation to material provided for inclusion.

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News Extra

5

President-elect Trump maps out new direction for US energy sector O

n January 20, President-elect Donald

manufacturing non-competitive.”

More than 20% of coal fired power generation

Although too early to form a definite idea of his final energy programme, based on his website

has been forced off line since President Obama took office, so practical measures to re-establish coal-fired power generation will be

and pronouncements, it is possible to build a picture of his likely actions.

needed if new markets are to be created for American coal.

He has vowed to withdraw from the international Paris climate accord, one

Coal and oil

He has also said his administration will take

of President Obama’s main legacies, and pledged to change domestic energy and environmental priorities. He wants to open up federal lands to oil and gas drilling and coal mining, eliminate environmental regulations and scrap proposed

President-elect Trump frames energy issues not through the lens of climate science, where researchers see an urgent need for reduce carbon emissions, but through the lens of the jobs he says can be created through fossil fuels.

steps to encourage the recovery of some of the more than 100 bn barrels of oil reserves across the country on land and in shallow water.

regulations for tighter methane controls on hydrocarbon producers. And he wants to shrink the role of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to a mostly advisory one and neuter the Clean Power Plan, Obama’s proposed plan to push utilities toward lower carbon emissions.

His 100-day plan calls for lifting restrictions on “job-producing American energy reserves.”

He also pledges to “cancel billions in payments to UN climate change programs and use the money to fix America’s water and environmental infrastructure.”

As he seeks to implement this programme,

He made the so-called “war on coal” a major

Trump’s transition team contains lobbyists for fossil fuel companies and climate change sceptics, many of whom are likely to be placed in prominent positions in his new administration.

part of his campaign message, travelling across coal states and attacking EPA regulations for their purported role in destroying mining jobs. Trump won by a comfortable margin in coal states such as Kentucky,

Trump himself has called the concept of global warming a hoax, as well as a scheme “created by and for the Chinese in order to make US

West Virginia and Wyoming, and a huge turnout in the coal mining regions of Ohio and Pennsylvania swung those states in his favour.

Trump will enter the White House with an energy and environmental policy agenda diametrically opposed to that of the Obama administration.

Obama’s decision not to open the Southeastern Outer Continental Shelf between Florida and Virginia is likely to be reversed, and the moratoria on drilling for oil in large areas of Alaska and on other federal lands in the lower 50 will be scrapped.

But even if Trump were to open offshore areas, low oil prices have forced oil companies to put those capital intensive projects on the back burner for now.

Pipelines Protests against the Dakota Access Pipeline, currently under construction near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation in North Dakota, have galvanised native Americans and environmental groups.

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News Extra

7

new drilling technologies,” which may be a reference to new restrictions proposed on methane emissions from oil and gas production.

The President-elect is likely to have a close ally on scrapping environmental regulations in the head of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, Senator Jim Inhofe, the author of a 300-page book about climate change entitled ‘The Greatest Hoax.’

His committee oversees the EPA, and Gina McCarthy, the current head of the agency, is likely to be an early casualty.

The Obama administration shook the oil and gas industry in September when it halted the

State governments will also play a role in moving towards clean energy. Nearly 30

$3.7 billion project to review Energy Transfer Partners’ permits over concerns about water pollution and destruction of sacred sites. This followed the cancellation in 2015 of the massive Keystone XL oil sands pipeline project.

states have specific standards which require utilities to boost their use of renewable energy.

Many companies are already in the process of meeting those goals.

Paris agreement

He plans to renegotiate the North American

The oil industry-backed Western Energy Alliance said in a statement that it anticipated a number

Trump has said he would “cancel” the United Nations Climate Change Agreement struck

Free Trade agreement with Canada and Mexico and cancel participation in the Tran-

of immediate changes following the election, including the rapid restart of both the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipeline projects.

last year in Paris. Advisers say he will submit the agreement through the Senate, where the Republican-held chamber would certainly vote

Pacific Partnership, a deal signed with 12 Pacific Rim countries.

against the deal.

He has also said he would renegotiate the agreement between Iran and the West which eased sanctions against the Islamic Republic

Clean Power Plan

Trade agreements Changes to trade agreements should also impact heavily on the energy sector.

Trump has said a particular target will be

He also plans to cancel billions of dollars in

the Obama administration’s regulation to limit power plant emissions. The rule, which calls on the electricity sector to curb nationwide emissions 32% below 2005 levels

payments to other United Nations climate change programs, with the funds redirected to pay for infrastructure projects in the US.

by 2030, is Obama’s top domestic climate achievement. But it is also the most opposed

by Republicans, who say it will increase energy costs and interfere with electricity markets.

But whatever happens on this, state policies such as California’s cap-and-trade and the Northeast regional carbon market known as the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative will remain in place.

for Trump to say he will carry out this packed programme, but probably rather less easy to ensure all of it will be enacted.

Regulations

pledges that had been removed from his website. He has quietly dropped his call to remove all undocumented immigrants from the US, for example.

The President-elect and the Republican Congress are “taking a look at all possible avenues to unwind” the Clean Power Plan, according to Tom Pyle, president of the conservative Institute for Energy Research.

Any moves to scrap this are likely to be bitterly fought though the courts by environmentalists.

and which has allowed the country to resume large scale exports of oil and gas.

But it should be borne in mind that it is easy

Nearly everything done at the EPA will be under the microscope, says Tom Pyle of the Institute for Energy Research. “Any regulations currently in the pipeline should be looked at.”

But whatever happens to the Clean Power Plan,

More stringent limits on ozone pollution are likely to be re-evaluated, as well as fuel efficiency standards for vehicles. Even the

industry observers say that market forces are driving change already. Solar energy prices have plummeted and wind turbines are becoming more efficient. Natural gas is eating into coal’s share of the electricity mix, and electric utilities

“social cost of carbon,” the monetary value assigned to the benefits of reducing carbon pollution, will probably be reviewed. That would significantly affect the cost-benefit ratio for climate regulations.

are making investments to solidify that shift.

Many states are even in compliance with Clean Power Plan targets without even trying.

Trump has also said he would “revoke policies that impose unwarranted restrictions on

A few days after the election, some commentators pointed to early campaign

Despite support from a Republican-dominated Congress, President-elect Trump, who lacks any experience of government, will probably need exceptionally good advice, tenacity, persuasive powers and luck to carry through a majority of his many campaign pledges in the face of bitter opposition from Democrats, environmentalists and citizens’ groups.

So it seems likely, at this stage, that only some of the above is likely to make the transition from policy paper to actuality.

www.hazardexonthenet.net

News Extra

9

China coal mine closure plan too successful C

hina has been seeking to curb overcapacity in its coal sector by closing smaller, less efficient mines.

than 60% since the beginning of the year on the Bohai-Rim Steam-Coal Price Index, a gauge of coal prices in northern China’s major

property market is booming, which has increased demand for steel and hence for coal. In addition, rising demand for heating in

According to state news agency Xinhua, as recently as a few months ago Chinese policymakers were cricitising certain

ports.

the coming months is likely to reinforce the price increases.

local authorities for not doing enough to implement the closure programme. Now, however, restricted supplies and a surge in demand have led to an unexpected

have been called by the country’s top economic planning agency, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), to seek more supply to stabilise the

By 2020, China’s coal consumption will reach 4.1 billion tonnes at most, while its coal production capacity will hit 4.6 billion tonnes even if capacity reduction goals are achieved,

increase in coal prices.

market.

China’s coal industry has long been plagued by overcapacity, poor safety standards and inefficiency, particularly in the country’s smaller mines. The large surplus

Starting in late September, the NDRC asked coal producers to boost supplies and pressed two of the largest mining groups to sign long-term supply contracts with utilities

according to NDRC deputy secretary-general Xu Kunlin. This means the country still faces a tough task to slim down the sector and capacity-cutting should not be weakened, he said.

of production over consumption became even more of an issue in recent years as the country’s booming economy slowed. The Government ‘s response to this was a toppriority plan to close less efficient producers.

at a quarter below current spot market rates.

The agency reasons that more mediumto-long-term supply and price contracts between producers and buyers will curb price fluctuations.

That campaign has been effective, Xinhua says. During the first three quarters of 2016, China’s coal output fell 10.5% year on year to

The government has also said it will relax the limit on production days for efficient coal producers, without weakening capacity-

2.46 billion tonnes. Official data also showed that by the end of September, over 80% of the 250 million tonnes of capacity scheduled for closure this year had already been eliminated.

cutting efforts. A further measure will be to allow some operators to reopen closed mines in a bid to top up power producers’ inventories ahead of winter.

This has created its own problems. Coal shortages have led to a price rise of more

Over the past two months, crisis meetings

Ongoing efforts to cut coal capacity will have serious effects on employment in the sector, and Xinhua says the government has set aside significant sums to help displaced workers. In September 2015, one company alone, Heilongjiang Longmay Mining Holding Group, laid off 100,000 miners.

In the longer run, coal prices should fall as demand for fossil fuels retreats due to the development of clean energy and the green economy.

China has said it aims to increase its share of

The capacity-cutting campaign is a major reason for the price surge. This reduction in production comes at a time when China’s

non-fossil energy to 15% by 2020 and 20% by 2030. Coal consumption will be limited to 62% of energy use by 2020.

www.hazardexonthenet.net

10 News Extra Emerging economies and developing countries saw growth of 0.9%.

Also, the transfer of CO2 emissions from developed countries to less developed countries (via trade of goods and services produced in places different to where they are consumed) has declined since 2007.

Deforestation and other changes in land use added another 4.8 billion tonnes of CO2 in 2015, on top of the 36.3 billion tonnes emitted from fossil fuels and industry. This is a significant increase by 42% over the average emissions of the previous decade.

World CO2 emissions stay flat for third year

This jump in land use change emissions was largely the result of increased fires at the deforestation frontiers, particularly in Southeast Asia, driven by dry conditions brought by a strong El Niño in 2015-16.

In general, though, long-term trends for emissions from deforestation and other land

down 0.7% in 2015 according to this study, and a further 0.5% in 2016.

use change appear to be lower for the most recent decade than they were in the 1990s and early 2000s.

consumption of coal in the US played a significant role in keeping down global emissions of carbon dioxide,

US emissions in 2016 continued a downward trend that began in 2007. They

The authors say it is far too early to proclaim a global peak in emissions, but

according to a new report. The Global Carbon Project annual analysis shows that CO2 emissions in 2016 were up only 0.2%, the third consecutive year

were down 2.5% in 2015 and a further 1.7% decline is projected for this year. The drop is due to a reduction in demand for American coal, something that President-elect Trump

other observers believe we could be at an important moment.

with negligible change despite a rise in economic growth.

has vowed to change. The report says wind, solar, and gas are continuing to displace coal in US electricity production.

hoped for,” Prof David Reay from the University of Edinburgh told the BBC.

T

he slowdown in the Chinese economy since 2012 and declining

The Global Carbon Project brings together some of the world’s top climate academics, NGOs and think tanks.

The annual output of carbon dioxide from the use of fossil fuels increased by about 3% per annum through the first decade of this century. Thanks to the global recession, emissions started to slow down in 2010 and have now stalled for the past three years at around 36.4bn tonnes of CO2. This could be an indication that global CO2 emissions have peaked.

China’s rapid economic expansion, which saw two new coal fired power stations being built every week, drove the global rise in CO2 over the past 16 years. But there has been a sharp slowdown in coal use since 2012, driving Chinese CO2 emissions

www.hazardexonthenet.net

While US and Chinese emissions were going down, India’s have been going up significantly. They have been growing by around 6% per annum over the last decade and slowed marginally to 5% in 2016. This is expected to continue as India plans to double domestic coal production by 2020.

What makes the three-year trend interesting is the fact that the global economy grew at more than 3% per year during this time.

Previously, falling emissions were driven by stagnant or shrinking economies, such as during the global financial crisis of 2008.

“This could be the turning point we have

“Ever since the industrial revolution our global carbon emissions have been tightly bound to economic growth. To tackle climate change those bonds must be broken and here we have the first signs that they are at least starting to loosen.”

The report says there are a growing number of uncertainties ahead.

While China’s emissions have slowed, there are worries they could accelerate again as the building of coal powered stations has continued.

Developed countries altogether cut

President-elect Trump has promised not only to revive the US coal industry but

emissions by 1.7% in 2015, despite growth of 1.4% in the European Union after more than a decade of declining emissions.

to “cancel” the Paris Climate Agreement where countries agreed to voluntarily reduce their emissions of CO2.

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liability issue, unnecessary complexity and lack of funding). Despite these obstacles, deals can be and have been done through innovative solutions to these challenges; • In the UK, low carbon was not top of mind for industry participants as they focus on cost reduction. In contrast, the responses from the Netherlands reflected a sector already planning an expansion of renewables post decommissioning.

The report says: “As oil prices begin to recover, there is a sense that we are finally seeing light at the end of a very dark and

Two years to save North Sea oil industry – report

long tunnel. However, while there may be a temptation to see a price recovery as the panacea to all ills, the reality is the North Sea still has to address a number of fundamental challenges. These range from a fragmented ownership base to endemic cost inefficiencies.”

PwC warned a lack of clarity over who is responsible for retiring North Sea assets the larger oil firms which own them or the

T

on the UKCS/NCS border; • The window of opportunity to effect

PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC). The sector has reached a fork in the road and the window of opportunity for change is getting smaller, the report

performance. Time is of the essence if a suite of solutions can be deployed to rescue the basin; • Significant progress to support the North

In response to the PwC report, Deirdre Michie, chief executive of Oil & Gas UK, said the UK oil and gas industry was much more globally competitive than two years ago.

says.

Sea in the UK has been made including the Wood Review, the establishing of the Oil and Gas Authority, favourable changes in taxation – but there is more still to do; • There is a recognition that collaboration is important, but not at any price – there

“Despite facing unprecedented challenges over the past few years the UK oil and gas industry has demonstrated drive and determination. Its efforts to make operations more efficient achieved the first increase in

he North Sea oil industry has two years to fix a series of

fundamental problems and save itself from a rapid and premature decline, according to a new report from

PwC interviewed more than 30 senior stakeholders from the UK, the Netherlands and Norway, across the value chain in the North Sea to gauge their views. The report - A Sea Change - the future of North Sea oil and gas - is the culmination of their insights and views on the state of play in the North Sea, alongside some potential solutions for sustainable success.

The general consensus was that the North Sea does have a future. However, a number of fundamental issues will need to be addressed in the next 24 months if the basin is to avoid a rapid and premature decline.

The report’s major points include: • The North Sea is an exciting prospect play with potentially 20-30bn boe of undiscovered resources – particularly West of Shetland, the Atlantic Margin and

change is getting smaller all the time.

According to some respondents the basin has some 24 months to turn around

smaller companies which benefit from them - has stalled progress on decommissioning.

is a need to recognise mutual benefit – perhaps a need to simply “work together better” (even though this goes against the ingrained culture of the basin, and that must change); • Leadership is lacking – the basin needs new ideas – it needs disruption and change whilst recognising the benefit of the wisdom and experience that has

production in 15 years and a 45% drop in the cost of doing business this year.”

gone before; • It’s been said many times that it is essential to attack the cost base of the North Sea and ensure cost efficiency is embedded irrespective of the vagaries of

with five greenfield projects sanctioned last year with associated development capital at more than £4.3 billion.

the oil price; • M&A activity has stalled due to a number of factors (including the decommissioning

to be done within the sector, requiring the joint efforts of industry, governments, the Treasury and the Oil and Gas Authority.

The most important issues facing the sector are the lack of exploration and little new capital investment, Michie said. Less than £100 million of fresh capital has been committed to the basin this year, with only one new field approved. This compares

Michie said that there was still much work

www.hazardexonthenet.net

14 News Extra miles of Cushing to wind down injections over the next week and wells within 15 miles were ordered to reduce their injections.

The previous week, the OCC shut down wastewater wells north of Cushing after a magnitude 4.3 earthquake shook the town of Pawnee.

Oklahoma rocked by large earthquake

linked to fracking activities A

significant earthquake, centred about 53 miles northeast of Oklahoma City, damaged dozens of buildings in and

66, had changed its protocols to reflect the increased earthquake activity. The changes include new plans for “inspecting the health

around the town of Cushing on November 7. There were no reported casualties in the earthquake, which was rated 5.3 on the

of crude tanks, potentially halting operations after temblors and monitoring quake alerts.”

Richter scale by the US Geological Service (USGS). This is the third in Oklahoma this year with a magnitude of 5.0 or greater.

After the Cushing quake, Oklahoma Governor Mary Fallin declared a state of emergency for the county. The OCC, which oversees disposal wells, also directed all wells within 6

Following the growth of shale fracking operations, Oklahoma has recently become the most earthquake-prone state in the USA. Oklahoma has suffered 138 earthquakes of magnitude 1.5 or greater in the four weeks up to the Cushing quake, adding up to 2,199 over the past year — including its largest quake ever, one of 5.8 magnitude in September.

Energy companies produce toxic wastewater during oil and gas production. To keep it from contaminating drinking water near the surface, they inject the wastewater into deep disposal wells. These can put pressure on faults in the earth’s crust, causing them to slip, which in turn causes an earthquake.

Two years ago, a team of USGS scientists found “several lines of evidence” directly linking an increase in Colorado and New Mexico earthquakes since 2001 to wastewater injection used in both shale fracking and conventional oil well drilling.

According to the USGS, nearly all of the thousands of earthquakes experienced in the state can be traced directly “to the underground injection of wastewater left over from oil and gas production.” New earthquake modelling technology being used by the USGS suggests that the earthquakes are getting stronger in the state, with potentially serious consequences if the progression continues unchecked.

The town is home to the Cushing Tank Farm, said to be the world’s largest oil storage facility with a capacity in excess of 100 million barrels. No leaks had been reported immediately after the event, but a spokesman for the state regulator, the Oklahoma Corporation Commission (OCC), said it was investigating the potential damage to oil pipelines heading to the Tank Farm.

Last year, Reuters reported that one company with storage facilities in Cushing, Phillips

www.hazardexonthenet.net

USA 2016 earthquake damage forecast - Image: USGS

News Extra 15

highest CO2 emissions per ton when burned, could lead to large-scale job losses in affected regions.

According to Reuters, the final plan contains lower reduction targets for power plants than proposed in earlier drafts. A call to introduce a minimum price for pollution certificates in the European Union’s carbon trading scheme was

Germany to cut carbon emissions up to 95% by 2050

also reportedly scrapped.

T

he German government has reached agreement on a climate change action plan which involves reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 80 to 95% by 2050, a spokesman said on November

Marrakech climate change conference, where there was pressure on Germany to show global leadership after the victory of climate sceptic Donald Trump in the US elections.

11. The plan requires German industry to reduce its CO2 emissions by a fifth by 2030 and the energy sector to reduce emissions by almost a half.

the fight against climate change with the protection of jobs and said he expects brown coal to remain in use through 2040.

The Government spokesman told reporters

Germany’s environment minister Barbara Hendricks first presented a list of ambitious CO2 reduction targets for various economic sectors in 2015, but proposals became bogged down by lack of support from key ministers, including Deputy Chancellor Sigmar

the plan would be reviewed in 2018 to assess its impact on jobs and society. The

Gabriel, who is also Economy and Energy Minister.

[German] climate policy to set the standard around the world, it has to be manageable

Under pressure from energy sector unions, the ministers expressed concerns that a

for businesses and allow them to remain competitive,” Ulrich Grillo said. “That’s why we reject arbitrary and tonne-high reduction

phase-out of brown coal, which causes the

targets for individual sectors.”

sector targets in particular will be subject to a comprehensive impact assessment.

Acceptance of the plan came just before the

Gabriel, who is also Germany’s economic minister, said the agreed plan represented “a very good and well-balanced solution”.

He underlined the importance of combining

The president of the Association of German Industry (BDI) criticised the plan : “In order for

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16 EPSC Comment

EPSC – The first chapter

There were some key differences between CCPS and EPSC. Amongst these, EPSC had its own Board comprising several memberelected representatives and the European in EPSC would inevitably contain its future ambitions to the region.

At the time, the regulatory regime between Europe and US was also different. Europe had

Lee Alford, Operations Manager at the European Process Safety Centre, takes a look at the founding and early years of the EPSC

A

which was established in the aftermath of the 1984 disaster in Bhopal. Described as the largest gassing in peacetime, this disaster, whilst located in India, happened on the watch of a US corporation, Union Carbide. The resulting outcry led in 1985 to the creation of

already established in 1982 its major accident hazards directive, Seveso, but it was CCPS which helped to lay the foundation in the US of OSHA PSM in 1990. Moreover, with US industry keen to remain one step ahead of federal legislators, CCPS would find an avid adopter

CCPS, a company member process safety network affiliated to the American Institute of Chemical Engineers.

of its good practice guidance (especially the concept of RAGAGEP, Recognised and Generally Accepted Good Engineering Practices) in the form of the US trade associations, who would mandate observance to their company members.

s the European Process Safety Centre (EPSC) nears its silver anniversary in 2017, there is an opportunity to pause and

Across the Atlantic, this development caught the attention of the European Federation of Chemical Engineering, which decided that

reflect on how the Centre first came into

imitation was the sincerest form of flattery and

was transposed into national legislation by the

being.

in 1992 established its own process safety centre in Europe to be administered by member society and present day host, the UK-based Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE).

individual member states, each with different legacies, cultures and priorities. Next month we take a further dip into EPSC history and assess how the Centre developed in its early years.

In its infancy, EPSC was modelled on the Centre for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS)

No such situation existed in Europe. Seveso

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Standards 17

IECEx: A busy few months

In his bi-monthly column, IECEx Chairman Prof. Dr. Thorsten Arnhold looks at developments within the IECEx System

I

n September and October I had

a very busy schedule. The period started with a trip to Umhlanga in South Africa where the annual IECEx Management Committee Meeting took place. More than 120 delegates and observers from 30 countries came together and took some important decisions for the future development of the System.

One of the most important was the endorsement of Operational Documents dealing with the certification of non– electrical equipment for use in hazardous areas. After the new IEC standards 80000 – 36 and 37 have been published in spring 2016, there is now a possibility for product certification of non–electrical products and components. This will increase global

safety levels in the process industries significantly since non–electrical ignition sources pose a similar explosion risk to

Thanks to the constructive participation of experts from the IEC world and from the USA and Canada, both sides have moved

electrical ones.

In the week following the IECEx event, the International Rotating Equipment Conference took place in Düsseldorf, Germany. Manufacturers and users of compressors and pumps often have to

together. The global importance of IECEx certificates has increased significantly and become more important globally, leading North American manufacturers and process companies to become acquainted with this international conformity assessment system.

deal with hazardous area issues and so the new regulations for non-electrical parts and components were of special interest to them. At the conference I gave

In the USA, for example, the IECEx system is now accepted for offshore installations in the Gulf of Mexico by the US Coast

an overview of the development process of the two new standards and explained the new conformity assessment process

Guard.

in IECEx. The response of the audience was divided. Some European manufacturers

representative of a US certification body and Marty Cole as a representative of a North American manufacturer, was the first of the conference, and the response

who are used to covering the nonelectrical part of their products with manufacturers’ declaration of conformity

from the audience was encouraging.

It generated many interesting discussions over the rest of the conference.

to the ATEX directive have been complaining about the need of a third party assessment. Users of rotating

Finally, in October, there was the annual IEC general assembly in Frankfurt. More

equipment welcomed the new regulations since it increases trust in the safety of the complete equipment. If there are electrical

than 3,600 participants came to Germany for this event. The highlight from the IECEx perspective was the second meeting of a

and non-electrical sources of ignition to be expected on a certain machine, there is no reason to cover only one kind of them by an independent third party conformity assessment.

Joint Working Group of IECEx and TC31 dealing with the start of a new document defining the competence requirements for operators working in hazardous areas. As the Chairman of IECEx, I can say that the cooperation between the standardisation and the conformity assessment branches is really satisfying.

The next station of my tour as IECEx Chairman was the IEEE PCIC North America conference in Philadelphia one

My presentation, with Paul Kelly as a

week later. This event was a special highlight in the history of the development of IECEx. Ten years ago I would probably not have been invited to present the IECEx system at this very important conference

Busy times and a lot of travelling, but the outcome was worth all the effort.

The Umhlanga conference was a very significant step into the African market, the PCIC conference in Philadelphia

as North American regulations were very different from the IEC world at that time and there would have been only limited interest.

reflected a new level of acceptance in North America and the scope extension of the Equipment scheme is opening new opportunities and is increasing safety in hazardous areas.

www.hazardexonthenet.net

18 Energy / Decommissioning

Sizewell A nuclear power station (left) is being decommissioned and Sizewell B (right) will be in 2035

Why joined-up government thinking

is more necessary than ever in the UK energy and decommissioning supply chain A

s demands for an increasingly energy-intensive lifestyle have grown over the last two centuries, securing a safe, reliable energy supply has become one of the most important jobs governments are responsible

energy sources to commissioning new plants and decommissioning infrastructure safely, every decision is analysed by various interested parties to the ‘nth’ degree, increasing delays to essential infrastructure decisions. And with politicians’ eyes

our Energy industry and the UK companies and individuals that make up the supply chain?

for around the world. Here, Austen Adams of Avingtrans urges politicians to agree on a clear, long-term Energy policy to support the supply chain as the UK energy sector transforms

inevitably on the next election, a lack of clear leadership combined with a reluctance to make the big decisions that are needed but which may be politically unpopular is also a real hindrance to progress.

gas, nuclear and, inceasingly, renewables, all of which are impacted in different ways.

and decommissioning becomes increasingly important.

In the UK, we live in a relatively benign political environment but that does not mean that the energy sector is immune from the negative impact that political wrangling inevitably brings. From the balance of our

In the UK, we are largely reliant on three main sources for our energy needs: oil &

While, politically at least, the focus remains on developing new renewable technologies,

Given the importance of securing affordable, safe energy supplies for both domestic and industry users, it is perhaps surprising that there has been no clear Government energy policy for a number of years.

at current adoption rates, and absent stabilising storage technologies, it will be many decades before our renewable energy infrastructure is sufficiently developed to become a reliable major player in the UK’s energy landscape.

So what does this lack of clarity mean for

Power generation and – most importantly

Energy / Decommissioning Pipelines 19

– storage technologies are advancing well, but the onus on proving and developing that technology rests very much on the shoulders of private companies and the supply chains that support them.

Only recently, the Energy and Climate Change Committee pointed out that the government’s capacity market policy is skewed in favour of fossil-fuel sourced energy, with contracts for new fossil-fuel generation projects lasting 15 years compared to just four years for energy storage projects. The committee also said the UK government should redesign the capacity market to encourage energy storage and consider a system of subsidies to speed up the deployment of storage technology.

From recommendation to green paper, to white paper to implementation, without greater clarity over official government direction and the support of the kinds of subsidy programmes suggested by the committee, it is difficult to see how the process of bringing renewable energy enabling technologies – such as Highview Power’s Liquid Air Energy Storage system (currently operating as a demonstrator project in Pilsworth, Greater Manchester) – will be rolled out across the country in the short-to-mid term.

So, if we accept that is the case, where does the UK turn to secure its energy supplies during this period?

While it may be politically unpalatable to say so, the UK will remain reliant on fossilfuel based energy supplies and nuclear technologies for the foreseeable future.

Even with Hinkley Point C now given the go ahead, it will be many years before nuclear new build programmes in the UK deliver their first energy supplies, so the pressure on ageing technology continues.

In practice, this is manifesting itself in the form of delays to planned decommissioning programmes and increased numbers of hastily-arranged life extension programmes coming into force.

As a designer, manufacturer and installer of components for energy systems, this represents both a challenge and an opportunity for our business – and it is

Metalcraft Thermal Tanks at Pilsworth LAES facility

www.hazardexonthenet.net

20 Energy / Decommissioning one that is shared by many supply chain companies across the country. We are

and it is likely that industry will face similar challenges as projects continue to be

working with exotic materials, take much longer to hone. Becoming a good welder

receiving growing volumes of enquiries for components and systems to extend the working life of power stations originally earmarked for closure.

cancelled or mothballed indefinitely.

takes years, and support and training must be provided throughout this period.

This includes both systems we originally designed and those designed elsewhere –

At first glance, this may seem like a problem for individual companies rather than the industry as a whole, but genuine energy security requires the development and retention of a skilled, locally-based supply chain, that has the

Whatever area of the energy industry you’re working in – whether its nuclear new build, decommissioning, offshore oil & gas or renewables – the country needs a clearly

often already operating beyond their expected working life. With systems previously designed in house, we can of course go back to the original design drawings and even offer improvements to those designs based on what has been learned since, but

workforce and facilities needed to deliver on key infrastructure projects.

Much is spoken about the manufacturing skills crisis and it is true to say that the impending retirement of a generation of

It is not the case that private companies are not willing to invest in the sector – the

for the latter, it means drawing on the skills of experienced engineering teams to retrofit solutions to someone else’s system, which is often a costly option.

The most forward-thinking companies

skilled workers – such as welders and machinists – represents a real threat to the sector. Firstly, supply chain companies need to overcome the general misconception that UK manufacturing is dead and offers few long-term career opportunities. Secondly we

scale of opportunities presented by nuclear decommissioning in the UK alone is vast – what is needed is a clear government policy and commitment to delivery timelines that enable companies to do so with confidence to meet that demand.

work hard to retain this experience in their design and process engineering teams but,

need to recruit and train specialist workers to deliver on key projects, and this is where

This means recruiting more apprentices in

elsewhere, constantly-shifting policies have led to the loss of key skills as programmes and contracts are delayed. The oil & gas

apprenticeships are key.

But, while a typical engineering apprenticeship

the knowledge that work will be there for them when they complete their courses – not 10 years later when two governments

industry in particular is going through a difficult time as a result of falling oil prices

takes two- to- four years to complete, specialist skills such as welding, particularly

and multiple policies have pushed difficult decisions into the long grass. It means

Panoramic view of 5MW Pre-Commercial Demonstrator at Pilsworth

www.hazardexonthenet.net

defined strategy, backed up by government initiatives that align with achieving those aims, if we are to secure our energy future.

Energy / Decommissioning 21

recruiting enough workers to cope with the inevitable ramp up in demand that follows the start of previously-stalled programmes.

It means building trust throughout the supply chain that the industry is working towards a shared vision for the sector, giving companies the confidence to retain facilities or invest in new equipment and training that will support the delivery of that vision.

In turn, supply-chain companies need to diversify so that skills can be transferred from one sub-sector to another in what is an inherently volatile sector – retaining the skills so important to UK PLC. We must also invest in the next generation of engineers and new technology to ensure we continue to offer world-leading expertise and best value.

The energy sector is a challenging and crucial industry to work in but all too often, decisions are made for political reasons, costing the country money, skills and, ultimately, its long-term energy security.

A clearly defined Energy policy from Government is an essential first step to improving the situation.

A long-term Energy policy would support the training of apprentices and the retention of an experienced workforce

About the author

Austen Adams is Managing Director of Avingtrans PLC’s Energy and Medical Division. Having begun his career as a technical apprentice, he has a wealth of experience across the engineering sector, holding managerial roles in production, operations and quality before moving into commercial management.

www.hazardexonthenet.net

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Explosion-proof vehicles 23

Vehicles for hazardous areas V

ehicles aimed at industries with potentially hazardous environments such as chemicals and

accordance with European ATEX and North American NFPA/NEC standards, or with reference to other important international

wastage and brake wear when stopping, and simultaneously recharges the vehicle battery.

petrochemicals, oil & gas, mining, tunnelling, construction and similar are increasingly in demand around the

standards such as IECEx, CNEx, etc.

Explosion-proof electric vehicles have specific design and safety features covering the electrical system (batteries, connectors,

world.

capacity up to 1,500 kg and towing capacity up to 4,500 kg, with a maximum range of 100 km on a single charge. They can accommodate from 2 to 6 people, and different types can carry people, goods and materials.

In this article, Lamberto Salvan of Italian transport equipment specialist Alkè Electric Vehicles gives an overview of the explosion-proof vehicle sector and explains some of the reasons for its continuing expansion.

Electric vehicles used in hazardous areas are designed to avoid any ignition risk in the surrounding atmosphere during their normal use and are built using special, certified components.

These explosion-proof vehicles can work in risky areas with a potentially explosive atmosphere - gases or flammable vapours (zones 1 and 2) or flammable powders (zones 21 and 22) - and can be certified in

Compact vehicles are available with a loading

They can be used for logistics, maintenance, first aid, fire-fighting, surveillance, and some can have cranes and other equipment incorporated.

sensors, control unit, etc.) and all those non-electric parts that could generate high temperatures or sparks (mechanical parts, brakes, plastic elements, etc.).

The surface temperature is checked by specific temperature sensors, according to the temperature class and the temperature limit required, to avoid the risk of overheating.

If this occurs, the vehicle will automatically shut down.

These electric vehicles use mainly AC motors with high torque and gradual power distribution, preventing the risk of sliding or poor grip even on terrain that is traditionally considered to be high-risk (sand, snow or ice). In addition, they guarantee immediate uphill standing starts. Furthermore they have an energy recovery motor braking system (regeneration) which avoids power

An earth leakage check system automatically shuts the vehicle down in case the maximum value is exceeded, lighting the indicator on the dashboard panel. An appropriate “Reset� pushbutton allows these vehicles to be moved out of the dangerous area in case of temperature and earth sensor alarm activation.

www.hazardexonthenet.net

24 Explosion-proof vehicles The electric wiring system has armoured cables for ducts subject to movement or without any mechanical protection. The disk or drum brakes are equipped with wear and temperature sensors to avoid sparks caused by friction between metal, and to prevent friction which might exceed the value of the required temperature class and limit.

The seats are for most versions covered with an antistatic material and, where necessary, the external plastic surfaces are treated with electro-conductive paint. All tyres are electroconductive.

Double cab explosion-proof electric vehicle Accessories, such as flashing beacon, reversing beeper, headlights, etc. are obviously explosion-proof when installed.

Benefits of these explosion-proof vehicles include: • Minimising time taken for transportation of equipment and employees

• Providing a healthy and safe work environment • Minimising shut-down times • Not requiring inspection before entering the plant • Eliminating risk of explosion in case of human or inspection equipment errors

For these models, comfort in the cab is state-of-the-art, with air-conditioning systems designed to work in extremely hot environments with temperatures of up to 55°C, and with electric heating systems for use in the cold – both, of course, with antiexplosion certification.

• Bringing more efficiency to surveillance/ monitoring activities • Providing rescue units and compact firefighting units with the ability to enter

Over the last five years we have seen the introduction of some very innovative explosion-proof electric vehicles designed

Such has been the expansion of the offer in recent years that explosion-proof vehicles are now available to work in most situations

hazardous areas to support injured people in case of accidents • Minimising time taken for cleaning and

for use in the hardest, most demanding conditions, such as the frozen wastelands of Siberia and northern Europe or in the extreme

where there are explosion risks around the world.

waste collection activities • Bringing more efficiency to maintenance operations

temperatures of the Sahara desert and other remote locations in the Middle East and Africa.

About the author

• Improving the general efficiency of the plant

Electric ambulance for use in potentially hazardous areas

www.hazardexonthenet.net

Lamberto Salvan is Business Development Manager at Alkè Electric Vehicles, an Italian manufacturer of professional electric vehicles used for transportation, logistics and other multifunctional or special operations.

With 20 years of experience and thousands of vehicles on the market, Alkè is a key player at international level in the professional E-mobility sector.

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5901_0614AA

26 Asset management

Maintaining ageing fire safety equipment in the offshore sector T

active oil and gas assets are running beyond their safe life expectancy, with some at least

number one driver for investment in technical innovation will be safety improvements (45%).

period of shrinkage. As a result, it is rapidly searching for ways to reduce expenditure and losses. Oil and Gas UK’s

40 years old and many older than 30. In fact, the latest table released by the Oil and Gas Authority in November 2015 shows that the

This tops both reducing costs (43%) and accessing new reserves (29%). However, there is still resistance in the market to

2016 economic report indicated that following two years of severe cuts, the sector is now supporting around 120,000

average age of current manned, operational installations on the UK Continental Shelf is over 28 years - old enough for safety

embracing innovations, and adoption rates across the industry must be improved to ensure safety remains paramount across

fewer jobs than in 2014 - a reduction of more than a quarter. It also reported that spending has dropped 30% on 2014

systems to begin to weaken and corrode to a dangerous extent.

operations.

levels.

However, reducing costs carries with it serious safety risks for the oil and gas sector, as even the most apparently insignificant shortcut on essential procedures can result in a serious

Unfortunately, effective protection against fire and explosions on older oil and gas assets is a large and expensive task, often requiring platform-wide remodelling. As a result, companies across the industry are having to look closely at their processes in an attempt to maintain essential fire and safety standards

One key challenge in this regard comes as a result of the environment itself. Essential fire protection structures on offshore oil and gas installations face particularly hazardous conditions as a result of salt water’s corrosive qualities, the presence of clogging marine debris and damaging rough weather

disaster, as has been seen on numerous occasions. In this article, Simon Rooks of Tyco says safety control is one area of asset management where operators simply cannot afford to scale back,

while simultaneously achieving a reduction in costs. For many, there is the risk that this will take the form either of an unhealthy reduction in resources - delaying service callouts, for example - or an attempt to strong-arm fire

conditions, on top of the industry-wide danger of hydrocarbons and toxic gases on board.

illustrated by specific examples from the world of offshore fire safety.

and safety suppliers into a cheaper deal, which will likely lead to a reduced service level.

Prioritising asset safety management

Many organisations are relying on technology innovations to help protect their assets and extend the life of installations. Research into the oil and gas industry’s priorities up to 2025

by Lloyds Register Energy shows that the

offshore active fire protection on-board an installation. As a Safety and Environmental Critical Element (SECE), they should be fit for purpose around the clock and function on-demand, to as-built design criteria, in every instance in which they are called upon.

However, nozzle blockages within deluge systems are a common occurrence, due to

he UK oil and gas industry is undergoing a severe and prolonged

In light of this, it is clear that safety management on platforms must remain a priority, particularly given that the majority of

www.hazardexonthenet.net

Marine challenges

A key example of this is firewater deluge systems, which are the primary source of

Asset management 27

corrosion, marine growth, salt crystallisation and other by-products of seawater. These blockages have a serious impact on the

As such, operators must consider innovative approaches, alternative service approaches and installation of anti-blocking devices to

functionality of the system and greatly increase the risk of a fire running out of control. Many have looked to solve this problem by changing out the material of the pipework within their deluge system to various elastomers, CuNiFer and even titanium.

improve system reliability and resilience. Dry testing of deluge systems can enable cost optimisation whilst maintaining compliance, without causing the run-of-the-mill damage which contributes to platform life-end.

A dry-test regime enables the operator to

Looking forwards

However, a Health and Safety Executive (HSE) report on the impact of blockages concluded that nozzle blockages will still occur within the pipework regardless of the material from which they are constructed.

reduce the frequency of corrosive seawater tests, reducing the likelihood of blockages and extending the operational life of deluge systems. Adopting this kind of innovative approach to routine protocols can make an enormous difference on the bottom line.

technologies and processes hold the key to achieving these aims whilst satisfying the bottom line - but it is up to individual policy-makers and stakeholders to move now. Fully functional deluge systems are a non-negotiable.

Innovative safety procedure Even apart from the potential impact of technology developments, maintenance regimes themselves also contribute to the issue. The majority of operators in the UK Continental Shelf currently employ wet testing to prove the compliance of their deluge

Resilience can also be significantly improved by installing innovative solutions to protect deluge discharge nozzles, to ensure all nozzles remain operational even if there is debris within the pipework. Coupled with environment-specific technology, this type

system. This essentially means spraying tons

of innovative service delivery method can

of seawater through the pipework, causing the deposits and blockages described above.

These blockages add a dangerous element of luck to the system’s ability to function fully

save operators over 21% per year over the remaining life of the asset, whilst at the same time ensuring essential system resilience.

Many organisations fear they will be faced

on demand. There may be a second or third chance to pass a deluge test, but there is only one chance to suppress a fire.

with a hefty bill if they wish to update and maintain a fully-functional fire-prevention system. Today however, technology exists that

be met without costly infrastructure overhaul, for a tenth of the cost.

The oil and gas industry is responsible for some of the most high-risk hazardous work environments on the planet. As a result, it is essential that operators prioritise the safety and upkeep of their assets. Innovative

About the author

can ensure system reliability and resilience can Simon Rooks is the Operations Director Oil & Gas at Tyco and has accumulated 30 years experience in the fire protection and life safety industry. He has been a Director of the Fire Industry Association (FIA), Director of the British Automatic Fire Sprinkler Association (BAFSA) and Chairman of the UK Water Mist Coordination Group.

Blocked deluge pipe

www.hazardexonthenet.net

28 Asset management

How integrated communications can improve asset

management and drive business growth

K

laus Allion of ANT Telecom says intelligent, ambient telecommunications could transform high hazard organisations.

are disconnected from HQ. This approach not only potentially compromises workforce safety, but can also have major ramifications

unauthorised employee enters a geo zone.

The opportunities are limitless.

But to get there, everyone from the boardroom to the factory floor must immerse themselves in an organisationwide communications strategy.

for operational efficiency, productivity and profitability.

The most common barrier to progress, however, is cultural. Organisations are not blind to the opportunities of disruptive innovation, but in many cases, longstanding structures and processes make the specification and procurement of technology

The fledgling concept of ambient intelligence

The potential risks are manifold. In hazardous environments safety is a high priority – yet organisations’ suboptimal use of technology

is finally coming of age. The philosophy, where humans are supported by non-intrusive networks of intelligent devices that are embedded into their everyday environments and are adaptive and responsive to their needs, is rapidly gaining traction. The Internet of Things, which builds on advances in sensor networks and cost-effective RFID

could leave workers exposed to unnecessary risk. Engineers, for example, can often venture into areas with hot ovens, boilers, heat exchanges or work in intrinsically safe environments with low foot traffic; an unforeseen accident could leave them isolated, undetectable and unreachable for dangerously lengthy periods of time. Likewise, when

a piecemeal, silo or divisional decision. Yet the optimal approach to procurement should be as integrated as the technologies themselves – and be based on collaborative insights and the shared understanding of business objectives and challenges.

technology to automate activities and revolutionise everyday life, is tantalisingly close.

In the consumer world, it seems an exciting but futuristic vision – but in the corporate

machines malfunction, businesses often rely on monitoring systems or human intervention to observe a fault and respond appropriately.

However, this approach is far from infallible

recognising the value of integrated communications and how this can underpin their broad strategic goals. The drivers for change are clear: the renewed ability

environment, it is already happening.

and can lead to slow response times, poor quality control and costly produce wastage.

to protect workforce safety is, of course, a moral obligation for any employer – but the additional opportunity to reduce waste,

leveraging ambient technology to facilitate integrated communications that are reinforcing employee safety and driving major gains in

These are inefficiencies that businesses can ill afford – and they are relevant across all manufacturing industries. For example, in the

save money and improve productivity is a commercial no-brainer.

productivity and efficiency. But the approach, unlike the technology, is far from ubiquitous.

An uncomfortable majority remain hamstrung

food sector, a faulty machine overheating – or underheating – can lead to the avoidable wastage of ingredients or, if undetected,

by traditional processes and structures that prevent them realising the true operational benefits of immersive technology. And they’re paying the price in profitability. So how do you unlock the door to integrated communications.

threaten consumer safety. In the utilities environment, a simple fault can lead to water contamination or the risk of explosion.

The most progressive organisations are

The clue is in the title. Integrated

In each case, intelligent communications technology can mitigate risk and help organisations align for growth. Automated

communications, unsurprisingly, requires an integrated internal approach; collaborative, cross-functional strategic planning, driven from board level – but designed, implemented and maintained by telecommunications specialists.

machine-to-human or machine-to-machine technology can help companies identify and resolve problems quickly and efficiently – and in the process, enhance productivity and profitability.

But while head office and commercial environments commonly deploy integrated systems that ‘talk to each other’, connectivity rarely extends to the plant or production environment. In many organisations, production and manufacturing plants work in operational silos, using disparate systems that

For example, automated machine-to-staff solutions could use geo-locational technology to alert the nearest engineer when a machine develops a fault. Forklift truck drivers could receive a warning when colleagues walk into a distribution area. A process may stop, or a power warning be issued, when an

www.hazardexonthenet.net

Nevertheless, organisations are increasingly

About the author

Klaus Allion is managing director at ANT Telecom, a bespoke telecommunications provider based in High Wycombe, UK. He has over 25 years’ experience working in the telecommunication industry including roles as divisional manager at Bosch Telecom UK and sales & marketing director at ASC.

Asset management 29

now have projects in place investigating how tablets and RFID tags, commonplace outside oil and gas, can lead to efficiency gains both while offshore performing inspections and in the back office where days can be tied up in archaic paperwork.

Automated systems provide inspectors with audit history, populate check sheets and ensure compliance, are becoming more common in the industry and where introduced have led to big improvements in operational efficiency.

How marginal gains can

The “We don’t have any money” myth

revolutionised sports, especially British cycling. Now these practices are being put

A common response when questioning potential customers on their ambitions to move forward with new technology is: “We don’t have any money”. But if the original system and technology are less efficient, they will also impose higher costs on the organisation.

lasting effects, not all of these are necessarily negative. Fraser Graham of Arnlea Systems says there are now real opportunities for companies which

in place in businesses across the country, where incremental changes across various aspects of the business can altogether may make a considerable difference.

For many, moving from a labour-intensive, paper-based system can be daunting. Setup costs can be difficult to get past those

invest not just in big ticket items but also scrutinise everyday operations and go after marginal gains.

The advantages of using new technology and systems

who control the purse strings. What needs to be made clear here is the value/return on investment. In some cases, after deploying

It is estimated that in 2015 more than 84,000 jobs linked to the oil and gas industry

Using technology to improve process is seen as a key driver in reducing costs for many oil and gas and other high hazard facilities.

a solution, companies are seeing inspection and maintenance activities increase by up to 300% and a return on investment of about

were lost, and that figure is expected to reach around 120,000 by the end of 2016.

Deirdre Michie, the Chief Executive of

Introducing Auto ID technology such as RFID and software solutions for inspection and maintenance not only speed up processes

400% within a year.

Oil & Gas UK, has said: “To survive, the industry has no choice but to improve its performance. It is looking to find efficiencies to restore competitiveness, to attract investment and stimulate activity in the North Sea.”

and improve data capture accuracy, but also allow the operator to reduce hefty third-party inspection costs. At the same time, this allows the operator to have full, 24/7 access to the most up to date asset information available, making overall plant safety strategy more agile and responsive.

Implementing smarter software and the latest technology solutions not only reduce the time it takes for the front line worker to carry out daily tasks but also reduces paperwork, increases real-time accuracy, improves strategy planning and safety, and can lead to considerable savings.

reap huge savings in the long run

A

lthough the downturn of the oil and gas industry is likely to have

Many companies are taking to heart the recommendations of the Wood Review on Maximising Recovery from the UKCS which concluded: “Securing a sustainable future for the UKCS requires a reduction of 20% - 40% in operating costs, whilst enhancing maintenance, inspections, asset integrity, compliance and safety within the supply chain and operations.” The question is, how do you reduce costs to this extent without jeopardising safety?

The concept of marginal gains has

Both operators and contractors need to reduce costs associated with routine inspection and maintenance, decreasing the number of bed spaces taken up by contractors performing tasks while making sure safety and downtime remain a primary focus.

This has led to some companies rethinking how these tasks are performed and how new technology can play a major part in the future of this industry. Numerous operators

Conclusion

About the author Fraser Graham is a member of the Business Development team at Arnlea Systems, a global provider of inspection and maintenance software soluttions and Ex specialists. He was educated at Robert Gordon University in Aberdeen and has gained his experience within the UK energy sector, primarily working out of Aberdeen. He has been with Arnlea Systems for 2 years.

www.hazardexonthenet.net

30 Storage

Oil supply security in Central Europe K

rzysztof Szymichowski, Head of Operations, Marine Oil Terminal, at Naftoport Gdansk in Poland, examines

state of war. There are questions not only about the level of dependence, but also about the security of ensuring a stable price

factors. For years Russian crude oil has been shipped through the Przyjazn pipeline to Polish refineries at a better price than

the challenges around oil supply security in Central Europe.

and harmony of supplies.

A percentage rate of 95% was assumed for

sea imports. Compared to Brent oil from the North Sea, REBCO oil from Russia was cheaper. The fact that Polish refineries are

Poland’s dependence of oil supply, defined in the Polish Energy Policy until 2030.

The vast majority of the oil (up to 94%) is

focused on refining oil, which is provided by the Russians, is of a considerable importance, too.

The security of oil supply The security of energy supply affects everyone along the supply chain. The global energy sector faces challenges to provide billions of people with permanent energy supplies, in a sustainable way, at acceptable prices. These issues pose a considerable risk to the international political and economic balance. It is often forgotten that energy security is unlikely to last forever.

Supply dependence Oil resources around the world are very unevenly distributed, with the EU having very few. The energy resources market is extremely sensitive to the political situation both in oil producing regions and the countries of transit.

Global oil supplies can at any time be physically interrupted due to events in producing regions and transit zones, especially caused by a political turmoil or a

www.hazardexonthenet.net

imported from Russia. Such a high level of dependence from a single supplier creates a serious risk. Therefore, for years there have been attempts to diversify the import sources and the transport routes.

Structure of imports

Recent years have brought changes in the structure of global oil market prices caused by considerable mining technology development together with exploration and production growth in the US and Canada. Therefore, an increase in supply

In recent years, crude oil imports have covered nearly 97% of total consumption in Poland, showing a slight upward trend, which suggests no increase of production in the country.

diversification is to be expected, when it comes to both the quantity of oil from existing suppliers as well as the emergence of new exporters supplying oil to our market.

The structure of the oil import origins also indicates the overwhelming dominance of Russia as a supplier to Poland as between 90% to 96% of imports come from there every year.

Polish Energy Policy until 2030 expects an increase in primary energy demand by 22% by 2030, reaching 118.5 Mtoe and the majority of this growth will take place after 2020. Proven Polish oil reserves are 25.9 million tons, which is the annual demand forecast for the country in 2015.

The situation is caused mainly for economic

Storage 31

The dependence on Russian oil companies and the Kremlin affects the supply security level of Poland. Currently, the lack of pipeline access direct from central Asia means oil deliveries from here and the Caspian region also have to take place through Russian pipelines. But alternative supplies from the Mediterranean and North Africa can be made by sea to the Naftoport oil terminal in Gdansk.

Downstream markets – the immediate future M ichael Dei-Michei, Head of Downstream Research at JBC Energy, shared his insights into the outlook for refining and product demand through to 2018 at the Tank Storage Germany conference in November 2016.

accounts for virtually all of the observable global stockbuild in the past 2 quarters, suggesting that it is willing and able to absorb much of the global surplus.

Economic and energy security all have a lot in common. Desired economic development should be based on energy supplies and

The steep decline in crude prices over late 2014, and the lack of a sustained recovery since, continue to bring to the forefront

Broadly speaking, while price incentives to store more barrels are currently not in place, our outlook indicates that pressure on nearterm futures contracts may be in the offing, as the growing surplus our models suggest

alliances. The strategic goal of governments needs to be a close co-operation, energy solidarity with consumers and openness in relations with energy producers.

The construction and modernisation of trans-shipment, transport and storage

discussions about the massive inventory builds as well as available storage capacity.

Market balances for both crude and products are very long, and our analysis suggests this will remain the case. Thus, we continue to see big challenges ahead

becomes more and more apparent. Besides onshore storage capacities, we also see the potential for storing significant volumes of oil at sea over the next 6 months, not least given currently-low freight rates and ample tanker availability.

infrastructure is indeed of a great importance in the security process of oil supplies.

for crude and refined product markets.

The question now is how a further implied

Looking ahead, our balances imply

Future

surplus will manifest itself?

One of the key questions that should be asked is the future of energy - what is going

Our modelling of demand and supply, as

continued stockbuilds throughout 2017 and 2018 of around 600,000 b/d on average.

Thus in our base case, we only expect a

to happen when key economic resources become unavailable? How can the growth of technology meet the needs of economic

well as upstream and downstream trends, indicates that most of this excess will translate into additional crude stocks. While

‘rebalancing’ of oil markets, in the sense of supply and demand being more aligned, to take place by 2019/2020. Until then, crude

growth?

crude inventory capacity is more ‘maxed out’ than refined products, at over 90% utilisation according to our estimates, we nonetheless see more flexibility and more new crude

and product surpluses will persist and will require creative solutions to store.

About the author

storage capacity coming online than for refined products.

About the author

Even so, the overhang in current product inventories is already huge, in particular for middle distillates, which we assess to

Krzysztof Szymichowski is Head of Operations, Marine Oil Terminal, at Naftoport, Gdansk, where he has been since 2011.

He has been a Visiting Lecturer at Gdynia Maritime University, Project Director at the Polish Security and Safety Research Institute and was the Owner/Director of Oil & Energy Strategic Consulting group I.K.S.CONSULTING for 10 years.

Szymichowski was one of 30 experts at the StocExpo 2016 event in Antwerp, where he spoke on this subject.

be 11% (or 120 million barrels) above the average of the past five years, at 1.2 billion barrels (total light distillate stocks meanwhile are a ‘mere’ 40 million barrels or 5% higher than average). Moreover, going forward, we expect gasoline/light ends balances, where persistent demand strength is likely to stay, to be tighter than middle distillate balances.

But importantly, oversupply does not necessarily mean lower prices. For us the issue is whether buyers can be found that are willing to take and store excess material.

For this, two conditions must be met – there must be sufficient storage capacity and price incentives must be in place. That said, China

Michael Dei-Michei is Head of Downstream Research at Austrian consultancy JBC Energy. He was one of 16 experts speaking at Tank Storage Germany on 16 & 17 November 2016 at Hamburg Messe.

He was one of 16 experts speaking at Tank Storage Germany, which took place on 16 & 17 November 2016 at Hamburg Messe.

www.hazardexonthenet.net

32 Event preview

ICOGPE 2016 Dates: 26-27 December 2016 Location: Dubai, UAE The ICOGPE 2016: 18th International Conference on Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Engineering aims to bring together leading academic scientists, researchers and research scholars to exchange and share their experiences and research results about

all aspects of Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Engineering. It also provides the premier interdisciplinary forum for researchers, practitioners and educators to present and discuss the most recent innovations, trends, and concerns, practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted in the field of Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Engineering.

Organised by the World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology www.waset.org/conference/2016/12/dubai/ ICOGPE/home

2017 API Inspection Summit Dates: 30 January – 2 February 2017 Location: Galveston, Texas, USA Asset Integrity Through Corrosion Management, Inspection, And Engineering Technology.

manufacturing and storage facilities. In addition, an optional day of training is conducted by subject matter experts. Each day focuses on presentations relevant to upstream, midstream, downstream operation and integrity

The API Inspection Summit is the only networking event for inspectors and other

The API Inspection Summit was designed with you in mind. This four-day summit includes

management. API Inspection Summit provides an opportunity to learn about new and existing industry codes and standards, to hear about

inspection support professionals in the industry.

As stated by attendees, “The API Inspection Summit is the best inspection related conference

three days of presentations spanning over 120 topics. Addressing issues involved in asset condition evaluation for drilling, production

emerging trends from experts, and to discuss new and existing issues in inspection and AIM technology.

in the petroleum industry”. http://www.api.org/products-and-services/ events/calendar/2017/inspection

systems, pipelines, terminals, refining, chemical

Energy Mexico 2017 Dates: 31 January – 2 February 2017 Location: Mexico City, Mexico The reformation of Mexico’s energy market is the most relevant opening in the sector in at least 20 years. It has drawn the attention of the global energy industry given the broad range of opportunities that it offers for investors, operators, and suppliers.

Shortly after Mexico’s sweeping and historic energy reform bill formally became law, 2016 kicked off with the execution of the first event designed to materialize the opportunities brought about by such historical transformation: Energy Mexico Oil Gas Power Expo & Congress. a gateway to the New Mexican Energy Market.

It is the first event in Mexico to open up the dialog regarding the present and future

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state of the national energy industry from a global perspective, while providing a unique platform to foster interaction between the private and public sectors.

Energy Mexico is the first event in the country to bring together all sectors of the Energy Industry: oil, gas, power and renewables. It is also the first event which combines an international-level congress with a first-class exhibit area, providing access to new operational, financial and technological solutions.

For the reasons described above, its second edition, Energy Mexico Oil Gas Power 2017 Expo & Congress, is set to be the top energy event in Mexico.

Energy Mexico 2017 includes a world-class

agenda, with the participation of top-level national and international players in the sector. Due to the depth of its program, the detailed reflection on Mexico’s insertion into the global energy market, and the quality of its speakers and panelists, the Congress will undoubtedly be the most important conference program ever seen in Mexico.

The players who define the country’s and the world’s energy agenda will participate in the event. www.energymexico.mx/generalinfo. php

Product Datafiles

33

A full range of I.S. devices for industrial signal conditioning and process control

An Engineer’s 3 Step Guide to selecting a static grounding solution

Have you been introduced to the PR electronics 9000 series? It offers you the widest range of multifunctional I.S. interfaces with the fewest variants. Each product is easy to use and service and, fully IEC 61508 certified and implementable within SIL 2 and SIL 3 functional safety loops. This makes them ideal in more critical industries such as chemical, oil and gas, and energy. They are intuitive and easy to configure using detachable communication interfaces. Three different mounting solutions are available for easy commissioning - standard DIN rail, power rail, or use our backplane solution.

Hazop assessments, and the reports that follow on from them, are a great way of capturing and identifying processes and practices that could lead to the ignition of flammable atmospheres through discharges of static electricity.

What Hazop reports are not so great at doing is identifying what the grounding solution to eliminate the risk should look like.

NG Flow Tronix Image 12-2012-24This 3 Step Guide is about helping you get started on the right path and can be best described as a door opener to the subject of hazardous area static control.

Read more at prelectronics.com/products/is-interfaces

For more information please contact Newson Gale. www.newson-gale.co.uk

Schmersal “Lift Technology” Application Finder

Spinaclean for cleaning in explosive atmospheres

The “Lift Technology” application finder allows design engineers to quickly select control components and switchgear on the basis of an animated lift shaft. This practical tool can now be downloaded as an App for iPads from the Apple Store and for Android Tablets from the Google Play Store. The Application Finder from Schmersal Böhnke & Partner shows design engineers which sensors, position switches, door locks and door contacts are most suited to specific applications.

But complex systems such as the USP ultrasound positioning system or the new bp408 lift control system are also described in detail. The main menu of the Application Finder features an interactive view of the different product groups and there is an application-related animation for each product group.

Following 3 years R&D, Spinaclean, manufacturer of SkyVac, the world’s no 1 indoor high level cleaning equipment, has developed the SkyVac ATEX poles system. This allows the operator to clean above the ground safely for the first time, solving the worry of possible disasters when cleaning in explosive or combustible atmospheres containing airborne vapour or dust. The new SkyVac ATEX range is an independently certified high level cleaning vacuum suitable for use in these potentially dangerous areas. It is designed for use in petroleum or chemical works; light metal manufacturing; production of animal feeds, flour, starch, grain and sugar; wood, coal, plastics and textile works.

For further details, please phone +44 (0)1684 571980 or visit www.schmersal.co.uk

Spinaclean: 01327 831604 info@spinaclean.com www.spinaclean.com

All new explosion proof air conditioner (ATEX and EAC-EX) developed for both high ambient dessert conditions and low ambient Nordic conditions. These split units are designed for safe use in zone 2 gas/vapor explosive atmospheres. These cooling ac units are certified according to the latest European ATEX Directive 2014/34/EU and hold the latest EAC-EX certification for the Eurasian (Russia) region. The sets consist of explosion proof outdoor unit, indoor unit and remote control. Applications: Hazardous material storage, analyzer cabinets, petro chemical plants and oil and gas extraction sites. Available in 230VAC for 50/60Hz. Atexxo Manufacturing B.V. (NL) Tel: +31(0)186601299 info@atexxo.com

March 2nd & 3rd, Runcorn, Cheshire, UK

2017

Explosion proof air conditioner (ATEX and EAC-EX) for zone 2 hazardous areas.

Awards nominations now open & Delegate early-bird offers available For more information Go to www.hazardexonthenet.net or email events@imlgroup.co.uk

www.atexxo.com

CONDENSING OR HUMID ATMOSPHERES ARE NO SWEAT FOR NEWLY LAUNCHED ION SCIENCE FALCO FIXED PID Ion Science (www.ionscience.com) is highlighting the suitability of its newly launched Falco series of fixed continuous PIDs for monitoring a range of VOCs in condensing atmospheres and severe weather conditions.

The ground-breaking Falco offers a fast response to hydrocarbons, solvents, degreasers, paints and fumigants, ensuring plant-wide safety and the protection of workers operating in potentially hazardous environments. These include refineries, paint booths, shipping fumigations, chemical waste storage areas, polymer plants and pharmaceutical laboratories.

By utilising Ion Science’s market-leading PID sensor and patented fence electrode technology, Falco does not have quenching of response due to humidity in the ambient air. This increased resistance to humidity and contamination ensures ultimate reliability in the field, as well as reduced drift issues and extended run time.

Falco’s ‘typhoon’ technology prevents condensation forming on the sensor eliminating the risk of short circuit and making the instrument ideal for harsh conditions

and wet outdoor environments, without the need for weather enclosures. Another potential Falco applications include monitoring the headspace of refinery wastewater streams for excessive hydrocarbon contamination. Falco features an externally located intrinsically safe sensor for easy servicing without a hot work permit. It can be serviced and calibrated in a hazardous environment without having to remove power. There are eight models in the Falco series offering detection ranges as low as 0 - 10ppm with ppb sensitivity or as high as 0 – 3,000ppm. Brightly coloured red, amber and pulsing green status indicators are clearly visible in sunlight allowing checks to be conducted from a distance.

For product information please contact: Emily Lane, Ion Science, The Way, Fowlmere, SG8 7UJ, UK tel: + 44 (0) 1763 208503 email: marketing@ionscience.com

www.hazardexonthenet.net

34 Buyers Guide

For a complete range of hazardous area solutions Intrinsic Safety Isolators • Zener Barriers • Zone 1&2 Remote I/O • Fieldbus Exe Enclosures • Exd Control Panels • Ex Lighting • Purge Solutions • Zone 1 & 2 HMI’s PC’s

www.pepperl-fuchs.co.uk Batteries

Tel.: 0161 6336431

Consultancy

sales@gb.pepperl-fuchs.com

Electrical

Explosion Proof Cranes

®

Powerful New ATEX-Approved Batteries

RANDALL & DANIELS ELECTRICAL LTD n n n n n n

Instrumentation Trace Heating Electrical Control Panels Leak Detection ATEX Inspections Tel: +44 (0) 1792 813231 Fax: +44 (0) 1792 321816

Advanced batteries and protection whatever the environment

www.rd-electrical.com email: mail@rd-electrical.com

Explosion protection

Call 0161 727 3860 for further details

Electrical Distributor

Control Panels Cable Glands

J.B. SYSTEMS LTD EExd & EExe enclosures Custom built panels, terminal boxes & control stations

Your Source Onshore For Everything Electrical Offshore R&M is the UK’s largest independent electrical group serving the Oil and Gas industries.

023 80341 444

Tel: 01296 489967 Fax: 01296 393515 Email: sales@jbsystems.co.uk Website: www.jbsystems.co.uk

www.rm-electrical.com

Explosion Proof Cranes

Total Explosion Protection ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Conventional venting Flameless venting Explosion isolation Explosion suppression Testing services Expert advice

Contact us today!

Fike UK, 35 Earl Street Maidstone, Kent ME14 1PF, UK T: +44 (0) 1622 677081 E: info@fike.co.uk www.fike.co.uk

Hazardous Area Specialist

Control Panels In Control

EXd & EXe Control Systems Design Using the Latest AutoCAD software, based on your specification

Manufacture Drawings approved, we then build the system in-house

Test

Your total solutions provider

t-s-e.co.uk Trant System Electrical Southampton SO40 9AH 023 8042 8700 HAZARDOUS AREA PRODUCTS info@t-s-e.co.uk

www.hazardexonthenet.net

Specialist in design and custom build of a wide range of high-quality, hazardous area enclosures, terminal boxes & control stations

We flash test as standard, we also offer injection testing & more

Delivery All around the world, Packaging to suit your Circumstances

Install & Commission Our engineers are fully qualified and we have carried out successful works in over 50 countries On & Offshore

Tel: +44 (0) 1384 48 48 05 Email: sales@banelec.co.uk Web: www.banelec.co.uk

BARTEC MCC

CONTROL PANELS

PLC

SCADA

APPROVED OEM INSTALLER FOR CORTEM EXD ENCLOSURES

Approved Partner

-perts in Hazardous Area Automation...

Consultancy Design Installation Commissioning Maintenance Atex Inspection

01482 898080 inspecsystems.co.uk

Hazardous Area Specialist

lightning and surge protection

C

Training

DEHN (UK) Ltd

M

Surge Protection Lightning Protection Earthing Safety Equipment

Y

CM

MY

CY

CMY

K

Training Courses & Consultancy for Industrial & Hazardous Areas

Tel: 01484 859111 Fax: 01484 859222 Email: info@dehn.co.uk Web: www.dehn.co.uk

www.epitgroup.com

Trace Heating

Heaters

&

Raychem

WORKING IN PARTNERSHIP n n n n n n

Design Supply Installation Maintenance Commissioning Thermal Insulation Tel: +44 (0) 1792 813231 Fax: +44 (0) 1792 321816

www.rdtraceheating.co.uk email: sales@rdtraceheating.co.uk

29350 Buyers Guide Ad V2.qxp 11/01/201

To advertise in the Product Datafiles or Buyers Guide contact

Regional Specialist for IOSH Training and Safety Passports

Kathryn Startin

01642 770310

on +44 (0)1732 359990 or kathryn.startin@imlgroup.co.uk

www.tte.co.uk

ATEX – IECEx

MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT Zone 1 and Zone 2 DIESEL POWER PACKS Zone 2 GENSET Ex e Stainless Steel BATTERIES Ex d Stainless Steel and Light Alloys CONTROL PANELS MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT For All Zones Ex e BATTERIES excen_190x45.indd 4

sales@excen.it

www.excen.it

DIESEL POWER PACKS 14/07/15 15.02

TRAINING & COMPETENCE

2 016/2 017

CSA Group Testing UK is a global testing and certification service provider offering the widely recognised and accepted CSA & IECEx certification marks that appear on billions of qualified products around the world.

CONTENTS 3-7 HAZARDOUS AREAS TRAINING (ATEX, DSEAR & IEC) 8 - 10 THE IECEx CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL COMPETENCE SCHEME (CoPC)

COURSE DURATION (DAYS) COURSE MIRRORS IECEx EXAM UNIT MANUAL PROVIDED

11 FUNCTIONAL SAFETY TRAINING

ALSO AVAILABLE ON-SITE

12 - 13 ENVIRONMENTAL & MCERTS TRAINING

ON-SITE ONLY

14 - 15 TRAINING PROGRAMME 2016-2017 (PRICES, DATES & LOCATIONS)

IECEx CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL COMPETENCE SCHEME (CoPC) CoPC is the world’s first international scheme for the certification of personnel associated with equipment, installations & servicing in Ex industries.

Sira can provide training and competence certificates* for personnel working in ‘hazardous areas’ around the world. More information about the IECEx scheme can be found on pages 8 - 10.

Our training courses provide candidates wishing to undergo competence assessment with the knowledge they need to sit examinations under the IECEx Certification of Personnel Competence Scheme. * IECEx CoPC assessment and certification is conducted by Sira Certification Service and is independent from training, in line with ISO/IEC 17024 standard.

2

ICONS

PRE-REQUISITES EXIST FOR IECEx CERTIFICATION (see page 10)

HAZARDOUS AREAS TRAINING (ATEX, DSEAR & IEC)

HAZARDOUS AREA, BASIC PRINCIPLES 3

001

Learning Objectives Aimed at End Users who are involved or associated with hazardous areas and is also intended for those individuals who wish to undertake competence examination for IECEx 001 – Basic Principles of Protection in Explosive Atmospheres.

Course Content • Introduction & Course Objectives • IECEx Schemes • Product Certification, IECEx ATEX & North America • ATEX Directive (Overview) • Safety of Personnel in Hazardous Areas • Properties of Flammable Materials • Area Classification (Overview) • Grouping, Temperature Classification & Ingress Protection • Electrical Equipment Protection • Non-Electrical Equipment Protection • Combined Protection • Equipment Marking • Equipment Selection, Categories & EPLs • Flameproof Protection Ex d • Increased Safety Protection Ex e • Intrinsic Safety Protection Ex i • Pressurised Protection Ex p • Encapsulation Protection Ex m • Non-incendive Protection Type N/n Ex n • Cable Glanding • Cables, Conduits and Wiring Systems • Installation & Initial Inspection • Periodic Inspection & Maintenance

For prices, dates and locations, see pages 14 - 15.

COURSE DURATION

IECEx EXAM UNIT

MANUAL PROVIDED

AVAILABLE ON-SITE

ON-SITE ONLY

PRE-REQUISITES

3

HAZARDOUS AREAS TRAINING (ATEX, DSEAR & IEC) Ex PRODUCT CERTIFICATION FOR

PERFORM CLASSIFICATION

MANUFACTURERS

OF HAZARDOUS AREAS

1

2

002

Learning Objectives Designed for manufacturers who require a solid background in Hazardous Area Product Certification Principles. This course looks at the main principles of IECEx and ATEX Directives including the requirements and responsibilities of those involved.

Learning Objectives Designed for those who need to perform hazardous area classification and have previous experience of doing so. The course uses IEC 60079-10-1 & 60079-102 as its basis, plus other relevant standards such as EI 15. This course is not suited to beginners in the subject.

Course Content • Introduction & Course objectives • Properties of flammable materials • Area Classification (overview) • Grouping & Temperature Classification • Categories, EPL’s & Marking • Protection Equipment Types (Electrical, Non-Electrical & Dusts) • Certification Processes - Overview (IECEx/ATEX/North America/Others) - ATEX Certification - IECEx Scheme - Certification Process (relationship between manufacturer & certification body) - Quality (IECEx/ATEX and North America) - Self Declaration • Legislation Overview

Course Content • Explosive Atmospheres & Explosion Protection Principles • Definition of a Hazardous Area • Area Classification & Methods • Explosion Protection Overview - Exclusion, Containment, Energy Limitation, Dilution & Avoidance of Ignition Sources • Occupational Health & Safety • The Roles of Parties Involved in Safety • Explosive Atmospheres Area Classification Techniques • Explosive Atmospheres Area Classification Methodologies • Zone Extents and Documentation For prices, dates and locations, see pages 14 - 15.

For prices, dates and locations, see pages 14 - 15.

DESIGNING FOR INTRINSIC SAFETY HAZARDOUS AREA TRAINING FOR DUSTS 2 Learning Objectives Aimed at those involved or associated with ‘hazardous dusts’ and who need a solid understanding of the subject.

Course Content • Mechanics of a Dust Explosion • Testing of Material • Legislation • Area Classification for Dusts • Ignition Sources • Concepts of Equipment • Protection Methods • Dust Explosion Risk Assessment For prices, dates and locations, see pages 14 - 15.

4

1 Learning Objectives Targeted at electronic engineers, this course looks at the principles of intrinsic design, and provides a step-by-step explanation of the assessment process, with detailed guidance on design criteria.

This course is not aimed at those assembling or installing intrinsically safe equipment into systems.

Course Content • Introduction to Apparatus Groups & T-Class • Basic Principles of Intrinsic Safety • The Assessment Process • Safety Components • Associated Apparatus • Installation • Intrinsically Safe Systems Please contact CSA Group Testing UK for more information. Email: uktraining@csagroup.org

HAZARDOUS AREAS TRAINING (ATEX, DSEAR & IEC) HAZARDOUS AREA TRAINING FOR

DSEAR COMPLIANCE AND RISK

NON-ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

ASSESSMENT TRAINING

(MECHANICAL PRACTITIONERS)

1

2 Learning Objectives This 2 day course is aimed at Mechanical Practitioners working in Explosive Atmospheres and provides an overview of legislative & technical requirements in line with ISO 80079-36 & 80079-37.

Course Content • Introduction & Course Objectives • Personnel Safety • Legislation Overview • Properties of Flammable Materials • Grouping & Temperature Classification • Area Classification • Sources of Ignition • Equipment Protection Types (Overview) • Equipment Marking • Equipment Selection, Categories and EPL’s • Flameproof Protection EX d • Pressurised Protection EX p • Dust Protection • Non-Electrical ISO 80079-36 • Non-Electrical ISO 80079-37 • Example Risk Assessment • Risk Assessment of an Existing Plant

Learning Objectives Aimed at those who conduct DSEAR risk assessments on-site. The course will aid you with the preparation and undertaking of risk assessment, through to training of your teams.

Course Content • Principles of DSEAR • Hazard Appreciation - Dangerous Substances Sources of Ignition • Hazardous Area Equipment - Terminology & Installation - Inspection & Maintenance • Risk Assessment - General Considerations - Specific Activities - Control & Mitigation - Preparation & Checklists • Training & Competence For prices, dates and locations, see pages 14 - 15.

For prices, dates and locations, see pages 14 - 15.

COURSE DURATION

IECEx EXAM UNIT

MANUAL PROVIDED

AVAILABLE ON-SITE

ON-SITE ONLY

PRE-REQUISITES

5

HAZARDOUS AREAS TRAINING (ATEX, DSEAR & IEC) INSTALLATION & TEST OF ELECTRICAL

INSPECT & MAINTAIN ELECTRICAL

EQUIPMENT, INSTRUMENTATION &

INSTALLATIONS, EQUIPMENT,

WIRING SYSTEMS IN OR ASSOCIATED

INSTRUMENTATION & WIRING SYSTEMS

WITH EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES

IN OR ASSOCIATED WITH EXPLOSIVE

1

003 & 006

Learning Objectives Designed for individuals who are involved with installation and testing of electrical protected equipment and wiring systems. This theory and practical based course covers the explosionprotection aspects of installation and test, and will provide individuals with the knowledge and understanding to enable them to install and test equipment and wiring systems based on IEC 60079-14 and any other relevant standards that may apply.

Course Content • Preparation for Installation of Equipment & Wiring Systems - Policies and Procedures - Working Safely - Hazardous Areas - Understanding Area Classification Documentation & Drawings - Types of Protected Equipment & Wiring - Location & Design Drawings - Marking of Equipment, Certification & Selection - Documentation & Tools - Completion of Installation & Verification Dossier • Test Installation of Equipment & Wiring Systems - Policies & Procedures - Working Safely - Hazardous Areas - Area Classification - Equipment Isolation - Documentation & Tools - Testing - Completion of Testing Reports & Verification Dossier For prices, dates and locations, see pages 14 - 15.

6

ATMOSPHERES 1

004, 007 & 008

Learning Objectives Designed for individuals who are involved in inspection and/or maintenance of electrical protected equipment and wiring systems. This course will provide individuals with the knowledge and understanding required to enable them to inspect and maintain electrical installations, equipment & wiring systems based on IEC 60079-14, IEC 60079-17 and any other relevant standards that may apply.

Course Content • Preparation for Inspection • Policies & Procedures - Working Safely • Hazardous Areas • Area Classification • Documentation & Tools • Inspection of Equipment & Wiring Systems • Protection Concepts & Equipment Marking • Visual, Close & Detailed Inspection • Documentation & Tools • Maintaining Equipment & Wiring Systems • Periodic Sampling • Reporting & Verification Dossier For prices, dates and locations, see pages 14 - 15.

HAZARDOUS AREAS TRAINING (ATEX, DSEAR & IEC) DESIGN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

PERFORM AUDIT INSPECTION OF

AND INSTRUMENTATION IN OR

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS &

ASSOCIATED WITH EXPLOSIVE

INSTRUMENTATION IN OR ASSOCIATED

ATMOSPHERES

WITH EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES

1

009

1

Learning Objectives Aimed at those involved in the design of electrical installations, this course covers the explosionprotection aspects for design and electrical installation and will provide individuals with the knowledge and understanding to enable them to design and install based on IEC 60079-14 and any relevant standards that may apply.

Course Content • Establish Design Brief • Design System & Installation • Check & Finalise Design For prices, dates and locations, see pages 14 - 15.

010

Learning Objectives This course is aimed at those involved in performing audit inspection of electrical installations. It will provide the individual with the knowledge they need to verify that an installation complies with the relevant hazardous area standards and includes the verification of design, certification documentation, maintenance, overhaul and repair work based on IEC 60079-14 & IEC 60079-17.

Course Content • Policies & Procedures - Working Safely • Audit Hazardous Area Documentation • Conduct an Audit • Documentation & Tools • Reporting & Verification Dossier For prices, dates and locations, see pages 14 - 15.

COURSE DURATION

IECEx EXAM UNIT

MANUAL PROVIDED

AVAILABLE ON-SITE

ON-SITE ONLY

PRE-REQUISITES

7

THE IECEx CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL COMPETENCE SCHEME (CoPC)

THE IECEx CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL COMPETENCE SCHEME (CoPC) CoPC is the world’s first international scheme for the certification of personnel associated with equipment, installations and servicing used by Ex industries. The scheme, launched in July 2010, provides companies with independent proof that a person holding an IECEx Certificate of Personnel Competence has the knowledge and skills necessary to implement the International Ex Standards.

WHY IS COMPETENCE IMPORTANT? For many years there has been a need in industry for personnel working in potentially explosive atmospheres to be ‘competent’ in the field of explosion protection. The IECEx Scheme satisfies this need by providing an internationally recognised qualification of an individual’s ‘competence’ when working in hazardous areas.

Manufacturers of ‘Ex’ equipment can also apply for the scheme to demonstrate competence of principles of protection in explosive atmospheres.

CSA Group Testing UK is an approved IECEx Certification Body under the scheme.

More information can be found on the CSA Group Testing UK website: www.csagroupuk.org

THE BASIC FRAMEWORK OF THE SCHEME A more complete flowchart showing the process for IECEx competence can be found in IECEx OD 503.

Application to CSA Group Testing UK (SCS)* Completed application form Experience documents Application fee

Successful

Unsuccessful Application processed by CSA Group Testing UK

Unsuccessful Examination

Successful IECEx Certificate of Personnel Competence

8

Refer back to applicant Corrective actions by applicant for re-examination * Sira Certification Services

THE IECEx CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL COMPETENCE SCHEME (CoPC) IECEx COMPETENCE ASSESSMENT UNITS

IECEx ASSESSMENT DATES 2016/2017

The Scheme comprises of 11 units, used to establish a person’s level of competence when working in Ex industries. Knowledge and skills are assessed by examination.

Unit Ex 001

Chester 18th November 2016 16th December 2016 10th February 2017 10th March 2017 7th April 2017 19th May 2017 16th June 2017 25th August 2017 29th September 2017 27th October 2017 17th November 2017 15th December 2017

Unit Ex 002

Chester 16th March 2017 16th June 2017 12th October 2017

Unit Ex 003 & Ex 006

Chester 22nd November 2016 15th February 2017 26th April 2017 13th September 2017 29th November 2017

Unit Ex 004, Ex 007 & Ex 008

Chester 24th November 2016 17th February 2017 28th April 2017 15th September 2017 1st December 2017

Unit Ex 009

Chester 30th November 2016 22nd February 2017 20th September 2017 5th December 2017

Unit Ex 010

Chester 24th February 2017 22nd September 2017 7th December 2017

The Units are as follows: Ex 000 Basic knowledge and awareness to enter a site which includes a classified hazardous area Ex 001 Apply basic principles of protection in explosive atmospheres Ex 002 Perform classification of hazardous areas Ex 003 Install explosion-protected equipment and wiring systems Ex 004 Maintain equipment in explosive atmospheres Ex 005 Overhaul and repair of explosion-protected equipment Ex 006 Test electrical installations in or associated with explosive atmospheres Ex 007 Perform visual & close inspection of electrical installations in or associated with explosive atmospheres Ex 008 Perform detailed inspection of electrical installations in or associated with explosive atmospheres Ex 009 Design electrical installations in or associated with explosive atmospheres Ex 010 Perform audit inspection of electrical installations in or associated with explosive atmospheres Unit Ex 001 – Apply Basic Principles of Protection in Explosive Atmospheres is pre-requisite for many of the other units.

For further details see page 10.

9

PRE-REQUISITES FOR CANDIDATES UNDERTAKING IECEx COMPETENCE CERTIFICATION CoPC defines certain pre-requisites for candidates undertaking competence assessment, in terms of qualifications and/or experience in the field. These must be demonstrated by the candidate prior to undergoing certification.

Below is a summarised list of the pre-requisites. Please refer to IECEx Operational Document OD 504 for a fuller explanation of the requirements.

UNIT

DESCRIPTION

PRE-REQUISITE(S)

Ex 000

BASIC KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS TO ENTER A SITE NONE WHICH INCLUDES A CLASSIFIED HAZARDOUS AREA Typically this unit would be used in relation to any job function that may be performed in or associated with hazardous area and does not require any pre-requisites.

Ex 001 APPLY BASIC PRINCIPLES There is no minimum level of technical education applicable for this unit of Competence.

NONE

Ex 002 AREA CLASSIFICATION Ex 001 Competence in this unit requires a degree, diploma or equivalent in a technical subject. The area classification should be carried out by those who understand the relevance and significance of properties of flammable materials and those who are familiar with the process and the equipment along with safety, electrical, mechanical and other qualified engineering personnel.

Ex 003 INSTALLATION Ex 001 The applicant shall have the level of technical education through documents such as College Certificates and Vocational qualifications etc. For an operative a minimum 3 years experience in industrial electrical installation practice is required. For a responsible person a minimum 3 years experience in Ex industrial electrical installation practice relevant to the scope of the unit of competence being applied for.

Ex 004 MAINTENANCE Ex 001 The applicant shall have the level of technical education through documents such as College Certificates and Trade Credentials etc. For an operative a minimum 3 years experience in industrial maintenance practice is required. For a responsible person a minimum 3 years experience in Ex maintenance practice relevant to the scope of the unit of competence being applied for.

Ex 005 OVERHAUL / REPAIR NONE The applicant shall have the level of technical education through documents such as College Certificates and Trade Credentials etc. For an operative a minimum 3 years experience in the overhaul and repair of general electrical, electronic and/or mechanical equipment relevant to the scope of the unit of competence being applied for taking into account the scope limitations. For a responsible person a minimum 3 years experience in the servicing of Ex electrical, electronic and/or mechanical equipment relevant to the scope of the unit of competence being applied for.

Ex 006 TEST ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS Ex 001 The applicant shall have the level of technical education through documents such as College Certificates and Trade Credentials etc. A minimum 3 years experience in industrial electrical installation practice is required.

Ex 007 VISUAL & CLOSE INSPECTION Ex 001 The applicant shall have the level of technical education through documents such as College Certificates and Trade Credentials etc. For an operative a minimum 3 years experience in industrial electrical installation practice is required. For a responsible person a minimum 3 years experience in Ex electrical installation practice relevant to the scope of the unit of competence being applied for.

Ex 008 DETAILED INSPECTION Ex 001 The applicant shall have the level of technical education through documents such as College Certificates and Trade Credentials etc. For an operative a minimum 3 years experience in general electrical installation practice is required. For a responsible person a minimum 3 years experience in Hazardous Area installation practice is required.

Ex 009 DESIGN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS Ex 001 The applicant shall have the level of technical education through documents such as Degree, Diploma and College Certificates etc. A minimum 3 years experience in general electrical installation design or supervised Hazardous Area installation design is required.

Ex 010 PERFORM AUDIT INSPECTION Ex 001, Ex 002, Ex 008 & Ex 009 The applicant shall have the level of technical education through documents such as Degree, Diploma, College Certificates, Trade Credentials etc. A minimum 3 years experience in general electrical installation or inspection practice, a minimum of 2 years experience in Hazardous Area electrical installation inspection practice is required.

10

FUNCTIONAL SAFETY TRAINING

INTRODUCTION AND DEMONSTRATING

RELIABILITY AND FUNCTIONAL

CONFORMITY TO IEC 61508 AND 61511

SAFETY SPECIALIST COURSE

1

4

Learning Objectives This is an essential course for all engineers who need to show they have a competent grasp of the subject. The course looks at how you can demonstrate conformity to the standards. Delegates will be made aware of the various aspects of compliance and understand the methods of conforming to IEC 61508 and IEC 61511.

Course Content • Introduction to Functional Safety • Determining the SIL Targets • Achieving SIL (IEC 61508 Part 1 & 2) • Achieving SIL (IEC 61508 Part 3) • Management of Functional Safety • Competence • Functional Safety Assessment

Learning Objectives CSA Group Testing UK, in partnership with Safety Consultants Technis, is promoting an in-depth technical training course relating to reliability and functional safety. Aimed at those wanting to become lead practitioners and consultants within this field, the course provides worked examples, lectures and practical exercises with optional project assignments.

Course Content (abridged) • Reliability Parameters and their Manipulation • Statistical Data Analysis • Hazard Identification and SIL Targets • Assessment of Random Hardware Failures • ALARP • Review of Life-cycle Activities

Please contact CSA Group Testing UK for more information. Email: uktraining@csagroup.org

At the end of the course, each delegate has the opportunity to take a step further towards competence and undergo a formal examination to gain an IAQC accredited certificate. (To undertake this course, delegates should possess a numerate professional qualification and a sound understanding of the basics of the subject).

This course is typically conducted at the Technis training facility in the South of England. Please contact CSA Group Testing UK directly for more details. Email: uktraining@csagroup.org

COURSE DURATION

IECEx EXAM UNIT

MANUAL PROVIDED

AVAILABLE ON-SITE

ON-SITE ONLY

PRE-REQUISITES

11

ENVIRONMENTAL & MCERTS TRAINING

MCERTS AND CSA GROUP–SIRA’S TRAINING CSA Group Testing UK has been at the forefront of MCERTS Certification for over 15 years. This suite of environmental courses and technical sessions is tailored to meet the needs of different personnel involved with MCERTS. Whereas senior management requires a broad understanding with the accent on cost, resources and market drivers, technical staff require an in-depth knowledge of the requirements and how they are implemented and demonstrated.

CSA Group Testing UK has designed its courses to meet the needs of management and technical staff.

If you require more specific training, CSA Group Testing UK can also tailor our courses to meet your individual needs.

For details please contact CSA Group Testing UK on Tel: +44 (0)1244 670 900 or Email: uktraining@csagroup.org

APPROVED TRAINING

MCERTS AWARENESS (MONITORING EMISSIONS TO AIR, LAND AND WATER) 1 Learning Objectives Aimed at process operators, manufacturers and service companies, delegates will receive a firm grounding of all the Environment Agency’s MCERTS schemes and how this relates to the concept of operator self-monitoring.

Course Content The course gives delegates a firm grounding of MCERTS schemes including: • Overview of the MCERTS Schemes • Monitoring Emissions to Air - Product Certification • Monitoring Emissions to Air - Manual Stack Emission Monitoring • Monitoring Emissions to Water • Monitoring Emissions to Land • MCERTS Software Validation • Auditing, Standards and Operating Monitoring Assessment (OMA) • European Requirements For prices, dates and locations, see pages 14 - 15.

The Environment Agency’s Personnel Competency Standard for Manual Stack Emission Monitoring requires personnel to attend “an approved training course that covers hazard identification and risk assessment relating to stack emission monitoring”.

Attendance at an approved course is a prerequisite for Trainees wanting to become MCERTS Level 1 Certified, and must be attended every 5 years by all MCERTS Certified Personnel in order to maintain their Competence Certificate.

Details of the CSA Group Testing UK approved course (Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Relating to Stack Emission Monitoring) can be found on page 13.

12

ENVIRONMENTAL & MCERTS TRAINING HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

MCERTS REQUIREMENTS FOR SELF

AND RISK ASSESSMENT RELATING

MONITORING OF EFFLUENT FLOW

TO STACK EMISSION MONITORING

0.5

1 Learning Objectives This course is aimed at individuals looking to become MCERTS certified or recertified.

Course Content • Introduction to Health & Safety Legislation • Hazard Identification, Introduction to Risk Assessment • Risk Assessment Practical Experience, Risk Control Strategies • Working at Height Issues, Physical, Chemical and Environmental Hazards. COSHH Risk Assessment • COSHH Practical Exercise and Examination Please contact CSA Group Testing UK for more information.

COURSE DURATION

IECEx EXAM UNIT

MANUAL PROVIDED

Learning Objectives This course is aimed at engineers and operators of processes which are regulated under environmental protection legislation and have flow monitoring specifically written into their permit. It provides insight into what the site inspector and auditor will be looking for as regards to monitoring flow arrangements and management systems on site.

Course Content • Introduction to the Effluent Flow Scheme • Site Inspections & Case Studies • Management System Audit for Effluent Flow • Final Summary & Questions Please contact CSA Group Testing UK for more information. Email: uktraining@csagroup.org

AVAILABLE ON-SITE

ON-SITE ONLY

PRE-REQUISITES

13

TRAINING PROGRAMME 2 016/2 017 Training Sector

Course Title Ex Product Certification for

Hazardous Areas Training (ATEX & DSEAR)

Manufacturers DSEAR Compliance & Risk Assessment Training Hazardous Area Training for Dusts Hazardous Areas, Basic Principles Hazardous Area Training for Non-Electrical Equipment Perform Classification of Hazardous Areas

Price per

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Delegate*

2016

2016

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

1 day

£450.00

-

-

-

-

1 day

£450.00

-

-

-

-

2 days

£750.00

3 days

£990.00

2 days

Duration

8-9 Nov

6 Dec 7 Dec -

-

-

-

1 Feb 2 Feb

28 Feb – 1 Mar

15-17

13-15

Nov

Dec

£750.00

-

-

-

-

2 days

£750

-

-

-

-

1 day

£490.00

-

-

1 day

£490.00

-

-

1 day

£490.00

-

-

1 day

£490.00

-

-

-

1 day

£450.00

-

1 day

£450.00

-

-

-

23-24 May

7-9

7-9

4-6

16-18

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

-

-

-

-

-

-

28-29 Mar 14-15 Mar

Design Electrical Installations and Instrumentation in or associated with Explosive

29 Nov

21 Feb

-

Atmospheres Hazardous

Installation & Test of

Area

Electrical Equipment,

Training

Instrumentation &

(IEC)

Wiring Systems in or

21 Nov

14 Feb

-

25 Apr

-

associated with Explosive Atmospheres Inspect & Maintain Electrical Installations, Equipment, Instrumentation & Wiring Systems in or

23 Nov

16 Feb

-

27 Apr

-

associated with Explosive Atmospheres Perform Audit Inspection of Electrical Installations & Instrumentation in or associated with Explosive

23 Feb

-

-

-

-

-

Atmospheres MCERTS Awareness Environmental & MCERTS Training

1

26

Dec

Jan

-

-

-

9 May

Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment relating to

-

2 Mar

-

10 May

Stack-Emission Monitoring * Price per/delegate excluding VAT

GLOBAL ON-SITE TRAINING CSA Group Testing UK training courses can be conducted on-site at your premises, anywhere in the world; and tailored to meet your specific needs. This is particularly useful if you have a large number of delegates in need of training or need to tailor a course to a specific process/industry. On-site training also allows you to conduct a course at a time convenient to you, and can work out a more cost-effective option, as delegate travel and accommodation expenses are not required.

14

TRAINING PROGRAMME 2 016/2 017 Training Sector

Course Title Ex Product Certification for

Hazardous Areas Training (ATEX & DSEAR)

Manufacturers DSEAR Compliance & Risk Assessment Training Hazardous Area Training for Dusts Hazardous Areas, Basic Principles Hazardous Area Training for Non-Electrical Equipment Perform Classification of Hazardous Areas

Duration

Price per

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sept

Oct

Nov

Dec

Delegate*

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

22-24

26-28

Aug

Sept

-

-

1 day

£450.00

1 day

£450.00

2 days

£750.00

3 days

£990.00

2 days

£750.00

2 days

£750

1 day

£490.00

1 day

6 Jun 7 Jun 13-15 Jun

-

14-15

-

-

23-24 Aug

-

-

-

-

-

£490.00

-

-

-

1 day

£490.00

-

-

-

1 day

£490.00

-

-

-

1 day

£450.00

-

-

-

1 day

£450.00

-

-

-

Jun

7 Sept

-

3

21 Nov

-

-

-

-

-

24-26

14-16

12-14

Oct

Nov

Dec

Oct 4-5 Oct

10-11 Oct

7-8 Nov

-

-

-

Design Electrical Installations and Instrumentation in or associated with Explosive

19 Sept

-

-

4 Dec

Atmospheres Hazardous

Installation & Test of

Area

Electrical Equipment,

Training

Instrumentation &

(IEC)

Wiring Systems in or

12 Sept

-

28 Nov

-

associated with Explosive Atmospheres Inspect & Maintain Electrical Installations, Equipment, Instrumentation & Wiring Systems in or

14 Sept

-

30 Nov

-

associated with Explosive Atmospheres Perform Audit Inspection of Electrical Installations & Instrumentation in or associated with Explosive

21 Sept

-

-

6 Dec

Atmospheres MCERTS Awareness Environmental & MCERTS Training

6 Sept

-

23 Nov

-

Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment relating to

-

-

22 Nov

-

Stack-Emission Monitoring * Price per/delegate excluding VAT

ONE-TO-ONE We understand that not everyone will find a course that is 100% right for them. We can solve this by combining elements of our training courses with sessions of technical support; question and answer sessions which deal with your specific issues on a one-to -one basis, providing a unique blend of training and advice and giving you a session that suits your needs.

If our courses do not quite meet your needs, contact CSA Group Testing UK and we can discuss the ways we can provide a course right for you. Please contact CSA Group Testing UK on Tel: +44 (0)1244 670 900 or Email: uktraining@csagroup.org 15

For more information about our range of services please contact CSA Group Testing UK: Tel: + 44 (0) 1244 670 900 Email: uktraining@csagroup.org www.csagroupuk.org