Chapter 07

Page 1

C h a p t e r

7

Blood Component Collection by Apheresis 䊱 James W. Smith, MD, PhD, and Edwin A. Burgstaler, MT(ASCP), HP

hemapheresis, or any of the various terms used are derived from the Greek aphairos, meaning “to take from.” Both centrifugal- and membranebased apheresis techniques were under development in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. By the 1970s, multiple technologies had begun to develop for the separation of blood components from donors or patients. The status of donor apheresis at present parallels the evolution in technology. In the United States, centrifugal technology has been developed primarily for apheresis applications. Other parts of the world, primarily Europe and Japan, have seen in addition the development of membrane filtration technology for some donor procedures. The development of automated, online, centrifugal technologies was linked with the development of the first devices to allow donor apheresis in large-scale applications. Early device developments allowed the donation of platelets, plasma, and granulocytes. As the technology continued to develop, equip-

A

PHERESIS, PHERESIS,

ment, disposables, and software programs became increasingly sophisticated for the separation of these products as well as other components. The collection of various combinations of products by apheresis is now possible (see Table 7-1). This chapter discusses the technology and instrumentation used in the collection of these products, with special consideration given to the regulatory aspects involved with donors, products, testing, and other requirements specifically related to apheresis. 䊳

CO M P O N E N T CO L L E C T IO N Collection of components by apheresis follows many of the same rules and guidelines that apply to whole blood donation. For instance, like whole blood donors, donors who are to undergo a procedure involving apheresis must be given information so that their consent to donate is informed. Although apheresis collection and preparation processes differ from those used for whole-blood-derived compo-

James W. Smith, MD, PhD, Associate Medical Director, Oklahoma Blood Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, and Edwin A. Burgstaler, MT(ASCP), HP, Apheresis Research and Development, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota The authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest.

229 Copyright © 2008 by the AABB. All rights reserved.

7


Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.