cladding KETAN ANWESHA MOHITH BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS
What's Ahead 1 Purpose of Cladding 2 Types of Cladding 3 Placement systems 4 Methods of application 5 Pros and cons
01
PURPOSE
protection and aesthetics
THE PRIMARY ROLES: control the infiltration of weather elements Observe the egress of water vapour durable, aesthetically pleasing appearance. THE SECONDARY ROLES: sound and thermal insulation fire resistance capacity for cleaning in dusty, polluted or vandal prone environments.
02
TYPES
inside and outside
EXTERIOR • Timber • PVC • Back painted Glass • Wallpaper • Ceramic • Stone
INTERIOR
• Stone • Metal • Timber • Weather borad • Fiber Cement • Brick • Vinyl • Terracotta • Mosaic • Green Wall • Glass Curtain Wall
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TIMBER Look of elegance and warmth Painted any colour.
P.V.C Long lasting, Low maintenance, Provides stone, timber look, Moisture resistant Can be used in wet areas.
BACK PAINTED GLASS Colour Spray is a uniquely formulated resin based paint system which is ideal for the back painting of glass for wall claddings.
CERAMIC CLADDING
Resists changes in temperature and atmospheric attack from pollution, acid rain and smog. Fixed to the buildings by an adhesive. Available in different colours and style. Long lasting
STONE CLADDING Stone sidings are applied to the exterior walls of buildings to give it the appearance of a solid stone . elegant , natural , and earthy
Stone cladding is comprised of thin layers of natural or simulated stone on the exterior of homes or buildings.
Stone sidings are applied to the exterior walls of buildings to give it the appearance of a solid stone. Simple and quick process Looks elegant and natural
TRAVERTINE
MATERIALS
CHARACTER: HAS VOIDS, USUALLY HAS SOME VEINING, VARIETY OF WARM COLORS OPTIMAL FOR OUTDOOR USE FOR CLADDING AND POOL SURROUNDS AS IT IS NATURALLY WATER RESISTANT AS IT TENDS TO PUSH WATER OUT DUE TO THE WAY THE STONE IS FORMED
LIMESTONE
GRANITE
CHARACTER: OFTEN HAS CHARACTER: OFTEN HAS “BUSY” VISIBLE FOSSILS EMBEDDED VISUAL TEXTURE IN A VARIETY WITHIN, SOME COLOR VARIETY. OF COLORS. THE HARDNESS OF THE STONE NOT GENERALLY CHOSEN FOR MAKES GRANITE THE MOST OUTDOORS DUE TO ITS POPULAR CHOICE FOR ANY POROSITY AND TENDENCY TO OUTDOOR APPLICATIONS AND STAIN BUT IT CAN BE USED EXTERIOR CLADDING WITH PROPER SEALING
MATERIALS ONYX
TRANSLUCENT, CAN RANGE FROM GOLD AND ORANGES TO GREEN. APPLICATIONS : WALL AND DECORATIVE
SLATE
CHARACTER: ROUGH TEXTURE, MOSTLY GREYS, BUT SOME VARIETIES HAVE DRAMATIC SOME COLOR VARIATION. GREAT FOR OUTDOOR USE
THESE STONES ARE AVAILABLE IN THE FORM OF TILES OR PANELS IN THE CASE OF LARGER NATURAL STONES AND IN THE FORM OF MESH MOUNTED PANELS IN THE CASE SMALLER OR MORE BRITTLE STONES.
THEY ARE FIXED TO THE DESIGNATED AREAS WITH CEMENT AND PLASTER OR ADHESIVE AS RECOMMENDED BY THE VENDOR.
STONE FINISHES
NATURAL CLEFT
POLISHED
Natural Cleft Unique to slate & sandstones, it has a slightly uneven surface that is still usable for flooring. This finish cannot be created, but occurs naturally as the layers are quarried.
Grinding, sanding, and buffing produces a high gloss, mirror-like surface. Polishing can be done only on crystallized stones. it enhances the color and markings of the material.
HONED Grinding and sanding produces a smooth, yet not glossy finish. This is best for low maintenance, high traffic applications. Honed finishes unlike polished finishes are not reflective. The honed finish is a satin smooth surface with little light reflection.
STONE FINISHES
SANDBLASTED
SPLIT FACE
This is a rough, but tidy look created by applying a high pressure blast of sand to the stone's surface.
Mainly used for cladding, this is achieved by splitting stone either by hand or by machine so that the surface exhibits a natural quarry texture.
VENEER BASED Any stone used as a decorative facing material as wall cladding which is not meant to be load-bearing. Veneer may be made from different finishes, such as split face, cleft, honed, polished, flamed or tumbled.
TYPES SOLID STONE CLADDING SOLID STONE SIDING IS ONE OF THE OLDEST TYPES OF SIDING AVAILABLE IT OFFERS HIGH LEVEL OF PROTECTION AND ALMOST NO MAINTENANCE IS REQUIRED. DUE TO BEING REAL STONE IT WILL NOT BE DAMAGED FROM DIRECT SUNLIGHT AND SO IT WON’T PEEL OVER TIME OR LOOSE ITS NATURAL COLOR. NATURAL STONE IS ALSO STRONG ENOUGH TO PROTECT THE INTERIOR OF YOUR HOUSE FROM NATURAL ELEMENTS. IN THIS WAY YOU CAN COMBINE BEAUTY WITH PROPER PROTECTION.
TYPES NATURAL STONE VENEER SIMILAR TO SOLID STONE SIDING, NATURAL STONE CLADDING IS MADE FROM REAL STONE PROCESSED THROUGH SPECIAL DIAMOND BLADED SAWS TO CUT OFF THE OUTSIDE LAYER. THE NATURAL STONE CLADDING IS NOT A FULL STONE, BUT RATHER A SLAB OF STONE THAT CAN BE AFFIXED TO THE SIDE OF AN EXISTING STRUCTURE. THIS PRODUCES VENEERS WITH NOMINAL THICKNESSES OF 31-37 MM [1 1/4 TO 1 1/2 INCHES] AT AN AVERAGE WEIGHT OF 50-75KG/SQM (DEPENDING ON STONE SELECTION).
PROS Stone is impenetrable and will last a lifetime The look and feel of real stone is unmatched. Stone veneer gives you a similar look of stone but about half the cost Resistant to moisture, extreme temperatures, insects, and fire Zero maintenance other than being cleaned with a pressure washer
CONS Installing natural stone requires heavy labor and installation time driving up the cost Stone veneer can have the same moisture problems as stucco
INSTALLATION: WET CLADDING STEP 1: CALCULATING MATERIALS HOW MUCH STONE DO YOU NEED? BEGIN BY FIGURING THE SQUARE FOOTAGE OF THE AREA YOU PLAN TO COVER WITH STONE (LENGTH X HEIGHT). IF YOUR PROJECT INCLUDES CORNER STONES, DEDUCT 1 SQUARE FOOT FOR EACH LINEAR FOOT OF CORNERS THAT YOU WILL UTILIZE.
INSTALLATION: WET CLADDING MORTAR JOINT SIZE ONE ASPECT TO CONSIDER WHEN CALCULATING YOUR MATERIALS IS THE SIZE OF THE MORTAR JOINT BETWEEN THE PIECES OF STONE. MOST STONE IS PACKAGED ASSUMING A 1/2“ [13MM] MORTAR JOINT. IF YOUR JOINT WILL VARY (SUCH AS A DRY-STACK OR OVER GROUT APPLICATION) ADJUST YOUR ESTIMATES ACCORDINGLY.
STEP 2: SURFACE PREPARATION STONE VENEER CAN BE INSTALLED DIRECTLY TO THESE SURFACES IF CLEAN AND ABSENT OF ANY PAINT OR DEBRIS SURFACES THAT HAVE BEEN PAINTED MUST BE SAND BLASTED OR OTHERWISE STRIPPED OF PAINT. SURFACE MUST BE FREE OF PAINT, DUST, OR DIRT. IF CLEANING OF SURFACE IS TOO DIFFICULT, METAL LATH MAY BE AFFIXED TO THE SURFACE WITH CONCRETE NAILS
STEP 3: SCRATCH COAT
A SCRATCH COAT WILL BE NEEDED WHEN METAL LATH IS USED. THIS STEP IS NOT NECESSARY WHEN APPLYING STONE VENEER TO ACLEANED CONCRETE, MASONRY, OR STUCCO SURFACE. APPLYING THE SCRATCH COAT IF A SCRATCH COAT IS NECESSARY, USE A MASONRY TROWEL TO APPLY A 13MM LAYEROF CEMENT OVER YOUR METAL LATH.
STEP 4: APPLYING THE STONE BEFORE APPLYING THE STONE, IT IS A GOOD IDEA TO LAY THE STONE OUT FLAT TO DETERMINE THE SIZING AND COLORS OF EACH INDIVIDUAL PIECE, HOW THEY WILL BE LAID AND IF ANY TRIMMING IS NECESSARY. ATTEMPT TO KEEP JOINTS A CONSISTENT HEIGHT AND WIDTH. NORMALLY VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL JOINTS SHOULD BE STAGGERED TO PREVENT LONG, UNBROKEN LINES THAT MAY DRAW THE EYE TO A PARTICULAR AREA.
STEP 5: GROUTING & TOOLING ONCE THE STONE HAS BEEN AFFIXED TO THE SCRATCH COAT USING MORTAR, THE JOINTS, OR GAPS BETWEEN THE STONE, WILL BE FILLED WITH GROUT.