The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
Gerard FARIA (gerard.faria@teamcast.com) Š Teamcast - 2008
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
1
... A lot of suitors ! CMMB CMMB DVB-SH DVB-SH (DVB-H) (DVB-H)
(sTiMi) (sTiMi)
2008 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003 DMB-T DMB-T
(GB20600-2006) (GB20600-2006)
T-DMB T-DMB (S-DMB) (S-DMB)
ISDB-T ISDB-T
S-DMB S-DMB
(OneSeg) (OneSeg)
(T-DMB) (T-DMB)
DVB-H DVB-H (DVB-T) (DVB-T)
UMTS UMTS
MBMS / HSDPA MBMS / HSDPA
MediaFLO MediaFLO
(Qualcomm) (Qualcomm)
GSM GSM
(GPRS) (GPRS)
© Teamcast - 2008
Above 1 GHz
Below 1 GHz
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
ATSC ATSC M/H M/H (ATSC) (ATSC)
13th October 2008
2
“Multimedia Contents to Nomadic Terminals” Plethora of Standards but… (quasi-)all are using COFDM !
Gerard FARIA (gerard.faria@teamcast.com) © Teamcast - 2008
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
3
Transmission: COFDM is everywhere! DAB
DVB
ISDB
FLO
CDMB
CMMB
1,5 MHz
5/6/7/8 MHz
6/7/8 MHz
6/7/8 MHZ
6/7/8 MHz
2/8 MHz
8K
8K
4K
4K
2K
2K
OFDM symbol
Orthogonal Carrier Spacing
2K
SC 4K
4K
1K Guard Interval
Useful Period
4K 1K
512 256 Time
2K 4K
Bitrate is INDEPENDENT Of the s/c number
f re qu e ncy
8K
With OFDM,
Š Teamcast - 2008
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
4
SSS options (1/3): Frame Preamble DAB D-QPSK
Preamble Null Symbol
Sync Symbol
Data Payload
Signalling Symbol(s)
f re qu e ncy
Time
Frame Preamble : for Synchronisation & Signalling with Null Symbol : DAB/T-DMB, for Synchronisation & Signalling without Null Symbol : FLO (TDM pilots), … DVB-T2 !
© Teamcast - 2008
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
5
SSS options (2/3): Pilots DVB
ISDB
FLO
D-QPSK
OFDM symbol
FFT window Guard Guard Interval Interval
CMMB BPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
16QAM
16QAM
16QAM
16QAM
64QAM
64QAM
Useful Useful Period Period
f re qu e ncy
Time
Pilots spread in Frame : for Synchronisation, Channel Estimation & Signalling : for Synchronisation, Channel Estimation : for Signalling :
© Teamcast - 2008
DVB-H, ISDB-T, CMMB, … DVB-T2 ! FLO (FDM Pilots), … DVB-T2 ! CDMB or DTMB or DMB-TH,
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
6
SSS options (3/3): Symbol Preamble (TDS-OFDM) CDMB 4QAM-NR
OFDM symbol PN Guard Guard Interval Interval
FFT window Useful Useful Period Period
4QAM 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM
f re qu e ncy
Time
Š Teamcast - 2008
PN sequences as OFDM symbol preamble (instead of the classical Cyclic Prefix): for Synchronisation & Channel Estimation : DMB-TH for Signalling : few pilots constituting a low bitrate channel 2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
7
FEC & Interleaving: a lot of solutions! T-DMB : ISDB-T: DVB-H : FLO : CDMB : CMMB :
DAB-FEC (RS + Virtual Time Interleaver) MPE-FEC (RS + Virtual Time Interleaver)
+ RS (MPEG) RS (MPEG) + RS/Outer Intl RS BCH RS/Outer Intl
+ CC (“Viterbi”) + CC (“Viterbi”) + CC/Inner Interleaver + TURBO + LDPC + LDPC
+ Service Time Interleaver (384 ms) + Sub-Band Interleaver (up to 1 second) + Interlaced Sub-channels (~250 ms) + Time Interleaver (~84 ms & ~255 ms) + 25ms slots within 1s frame
Data to Broadcast
FECs FECs + + Interleavers Interleavers
fre qu en cy
Time
DMB-T
© Teamcast - 2008
ISDB-T (OneSeg)
DVB-H
… DVB-T2 !
FLO
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
CDMB 13th October 2008
8
In Short : Variations around “C” - OFDM “MAC” DATA FEC
Radio Interface
“PHY”
TS Channel Encoder OUTER CODING BC
Outer Intl
INNER CODING CC
Inner Intl
OFDM modulator Time Intl
SYNC ESTIM
SIG
OFDM demodulator
iFFT
Framing/Pilots xK
yK
“PHY” iFFT
Framing/Pilots zK
SIG
SYNC ESTIM
xK
yK
zK
TS Channel Decoder
Time Intl
INNER DECODER Inner Intl
CC
“MAC” DATA FEC
OUTER DECODER Outer Intl
BC
MAC
Channel Encoder
Time Interleave
Framing
Modulation
Channel Bandwidth
T-DMB
RS + Outer Intl (from DVB-T)
CC (per service)
384 ms (per service)
2K 1K ½K ¼K Frame Preamble
D-QPSK
1.5 MHz
ISDB-T
-
RS + Outer Intl CC + Inner Intl
Up to 1 second
8K 4K 2K Pilots
D-QPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
6 / 7 / 8 MHz
DVB-H
MPE-FEC (RS + Time Slice)
RS + Outer Intl CC + Inner Intl
-
8K 4K 2K Pilots
QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
5 / 6 / 7 / 8 MHz
DVB-SH
MPE-FEC (RS + Time Slice)
Turbo Code (3GPP2)
~300 ms ~10 seconds
8K 4K 2K Pilots
QPSK, 16QAM
1,75 MHz & 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 MHz
~250 ms
4K TDM & FDM Pilots
QPSK, 16QAM
6 / 7 / 8 MHz
~85 ms ~255 ms
SC or 4K Symbol Preamble
4QAM-NR, 4QAM, 16-32-64 QAM
6 / 7 / 8 MHz
FLO DMB-T (TDS-OFDM)
CMMB
© Teamcast - 2008
RS + Turbo Coder (Outer Interleave per service) -
BCH + LDPC
RS + Outer Intl 25ms slots 4K (8 MHz) 2008 NEMLDPC Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Within 1s frame 1K (2Landscape MHz)
BPSK, 8 MHz QPSK, 16QAM 13th October 20082 MHz
9
“Multimedia Contents to Nomadic Terminals” Physics remains Physics… for all transmission systems !
Gerard FARIA (gerard.faria@teamcast.com) © Teamcast - 2008
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
10
The Question of Protocol Stacks... MULTIMEDIA MULTIMEDIA :: CONTENTS CONTENTS // APPLICATIONS APPLICATIONS // SERVICES SERVICES T-DMB T-DMB
MP4-V MP4-V MP4-A MP4-A MP4-D MP4-D
ISDB-T ISDB-T
MP2-A/V/D MP2-A/V/D MP4-A/V/D MP4-A/V/D
DVB-SH DVB-SH
DVB-H DVB-H
DVB-T DVB-T
DVB-IPDC DVB-IPDC :: IP IP DataCast DataCast SERVICE Convergence SERVICE Convergence
MP4-SL MP4-SL
IP: IP: TRANSPORT TRANSPORT Convergence Convergence
MPEG-TS MPEG-TS
IP IP
IP IP
TS TS
TS TS
TS TS
Satellite Satellite
Terrestrial Terrestrial
encapsulation encapsulation
TS TS FEC FEC (RS) (RS)
TS
T-DAB T-DAB Physical PhysicalLayer Layer
© Teamcast - 2008
MPEG2-MUX MPEG2-MUX
Framing Framing Sub-Channel Sub-Channel
TS TS
TS TS
FLO FLO Physical Physical Layer Layer
ISDB-T ISDB-T Single SingleSegment Segment
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
DVB DVB
DRM DRM
Sub Sub System System
DigitalTV TVServices Services Digital
DAB DAB Digital RADIO RADIO Services Services Digital circuit
MP4-AVC MP4-AVC MP4-BSAC MP4-BSAC MP4-BIFS MP4-BIFS
MediaFLO MediaFLO
TS TS
11
The Question of Mobile performance... DVB-T vs DVB-H
DVB -H @ FER 5%
(8K - gi 1/4 - 16QAM 2/3 - MPE-FEC 3/4)
DVB -H @ MFER 5%
13,27 Mbps
50,0 dB
φρφ ∆φ∆ = ς ∗ ∗ cos(Φ ) Χ
40,0 dB
30,0 dB
DVB-H MPE-FEC GAIN : 2 to 5 dB (Pedestrian)
Christian Andreas
DOPPLER (1803-1853)
20,0 dB
DVB-H MPE-FEC GAIN : 5 to 9 dB (Mobile)
64QAM 2/3 (20 Mbps)
DVB-H Gain Area
16QAM 2/3 (13 Mbps)
Flat Behaviour Up to Max Speed
DVB-T Mobile Penalty 6 to 12 dB
10,0 dB
QPSK 1/2 (5 Mbps) 0,0 dB
0 Hz 470 MHz UHF Band IV (21) (69)
MHz UHF ©854 Teamcast - Band 2008V
1 Hz
10 Hz
100 Hz
2 km/h 23 km/h 230 km/h 1 km/h 13 of km/h 126 km/h 2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions the Digital Broadcast Landscape
1000 Hz 1840 km/h 1008 km/h 13th October 2008
TU6 TU6 12
The Question of Coverage...
Digital TV transmitter
FOR FIX RECEPTION: Field Strength is Planned to offer the C/N threshold at 10 meters above the Ground Level
But for NOMADIC RECEPTION: Field Strength Shall be available At 1.5 meter Above Ground. PENALTY: 12 dB (for Outdoor Rx)
Broadcast to NOMADIC Handhelds Terminals : Building Penetration Loss Mobility . Ground level penalty ~ 12 dB . Indoor penalty ~ 8 dB PENALTY : 8 dB (Outcar antenna) PENALTY: 8 dB .Š Mobile penalty (Outcar/Incar) ~ 8 dB / 16 dB (for Indoor Rx) PENALTY : 16Landscape dB (Incar antenna) 2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Teamcast - 2008 13 13th October 2008
The Question of Network Topology... Hybrid Networks
BroadCast Networks
Cellular Networks
FNN F M S
FNN F M S
(MNOs, Broadband) NN F F S M
Cellular?
Broadcast ?
km m Š Teamcast - 2008
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
14
3 KHz
AM Radio Broadcast
[VLF / LF]
300 KHz [MF]
AM Radio Broadcast
3 MHz [HF]
30 MHz
FM Band II
[VHF]
300 MHz [UHF]
TV & Mobile (Band III)
TV & Mobile (Band IV & Band V)
3 GHz [SHF]
30 GHz
[Source : Roke manor Research Ltd – 2007 - « The UK Frequency Allocation Map » ]
The Question of Radio Spectrum…
[EHF] © Teamcast - 2008
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
15
Is there Broadcast Spectrum Not Used ? Electric Waves
Radio Waves
Visible Light
Infra-Red
Ultra Violet
Gamma Rays
X-Rays
Cosmic Rays
Radio Spectrum
Long Wave Radio
Increasing Coverage Decreasing Bandwidth
3
LF
30 10
100
+
Short Wave Radio
MF
300 kHz
Medium Wave Radio
II III IV & V FM TV TV Radio (VHF) (UHF)
HF
3 1000
VHF
30 MHz 10000
L&S Bands
C Ku Band Band
UHF
Ka Band
SHF
300
3
100000
1000000
Decreasing Coverage Increasing Bandwidth
EHF
30 GHz 10000000
300 100000000
1000000000
Communities (i.e. Telcos / Broadband / Broadcast) generally consider first the spectrum they are operating for their primary services… But sometimes considers also the one used by an other community…
© Teamcast - 2008
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
16
Where to operate “TV to Mobile” ? Channel Bandwidth
VHF
UHF
T-DMB
1.5 MHz
Band III
L-Band
ISDB-T
6 / 7 / 8 MHz
Band III
Band IV & V
DVB-H
5 / 6 / 7 / 8 MHz
Band IV & V
DVB-SH
1,75 MHz & 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 MHz
L-Band & S-Band
6 / 7 / 8 MHz
Band IV & V
6 MHz
Band IV & V
6 / 7 / 8 MHz
Band IV & V
8 MHz 2 MHz
Band IV & V L-Band & S-Band
FLO ATSC-MH DMB-T (TDS-OFDM)
CMMB
A nightmare for the Regulators... © Teamcast - 2008
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
17
“Multimedia Contents to Nomadic Terminals” Plethora of offers but… What do we observe now?
Gerard FARIA (gerard.faria@teamcast.com) © Teamcast - 2008
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
18
The Transmitter Network Question (CAPEX)
Š Teamcast - 2008
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
19
The Business Model Question (CAPEX, RoI & OPEX)
ATSC-MH DVB-H ISDB-Tss T-DMB
Š Teamcast - 2008
DVB-H FLO DVB-SH
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
13th October 2008
20
ModulCast for Mobile Digital TV ®
Easy-to-integrate, compact and truly cost effective technology for transmitter and basestation manufacturers: High performance Digital TV modulators for T-DMB / DVB-H / FLO / DTMB / CMMB / DVB-T2
ModulCast
Hierarchical MIP inserters for SFNs, Mobile DVB‑ T /-H / -SH antenna diversity receivers, Experimental DVB-H / DVB-SH receivers, Ultra Low Phase Noise Synthesizers,
All the essential technical bricks needed to build up standard agnostic, high performance transmission systems at competitive pricing.
© Teamcast - 2008
Further information at: www.teamcast.com 21 13th October 2008
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
Thank you for your attention ! Gerard FARIA
. Rennes
Chicago .
(gerard.faria@teamcast.com)
TeamCast Inc. TeamCast 111 West Washington Street IL60602 - CHICAGO (USA) +1 1 312 263 0033 www.teamcast.com
Š Teamcast - 2008
2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape
Espace Performance F35769 - SAINT GREGOIRE (FRANCE) +33 2 23 25 26 80 www.teamcast.com
13th October 2008
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