Rejuvenation of Nallah Wasteland Kota, Rajasthan

REJUVENATION OF NALLAH WASTELEND KOTA, RAJASTHAN.

A THESIS PROJECT

Submitted to Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior, 474005

[An autonomous Institute under RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, Bhopal]

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE of Bachelors in Architecture

Submitted By MRAGANK GUPTA (0901AR131031)

Under the Guidance of DR. ALOK SHARMA PROFESSOR & HEAD OF DEPT.

Department of Architecture MITS, Gwalior

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE

MADHAV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE

GWALIOR-474005 (M.P)

JUNE 2017

ACKNOWLDEGMENT

This thesis becomes a reality with the kind support and help of many individuals. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all of them. Foremost, I want to express my gratitude towards my Thesis Guide, Dr. ALOK SHARMA, for his guidance, encouragement and constant supervision as well as necessary information regarding this project.

I would like to express my special gratitude and thanks to our Thesis coordinator, Prof. SANJAY SINGH JADON for imparting his knowledge and expertise in this project. My thanks and appreciation also goes to my colleagues and people who have willingly helped me out with their abilities. I would like to thank my friends as well for their continuous encouragement and moral support during this project.

Finally, I express my infinite indebtedness to my parents, for their love, affection and giving me enthusiastic motivation at every stage of my project work. Without their love and blessings, I would probably have never succeeded in carrying through this project.

Project Statement

The kota natural water stream revitalization master plan represents the culmination of over 10 years of nallah revitalization activism, bringing together public agencies and stakeholders for a common goal.The plan shapes a bold vision to transform a channelized flood control conveyance into a significant regional recreational and ecological resource. The master plan signals a new era for kota city, replacing infrastructure designed for automo-

PROBLEMS

Kota city is expanding towards southwest, encroaching adjacent small towns and engulfing rich agriculture land.

Kota city has put heavy pressure on theecologically sensitive areas, due to deforestation and loss of cropped area.

Agricultural land is being gradually converted into built-up land for industriatl, commercial, residential and others ,uses.

Growth in infrastructure has not kept pace with the growth of population, resulting in disequilibrium in the level of development of wards.

GREY Existing Satuation TO GREEN Proposed Satua-

KOTA BACK TO NATURE

Kota ia a city that is bereft of accessible open & lacks greenery. The proposal aims to re - introduce highcarbon footprint to provide shade in ranchi perennail heat & to help the local bird population. the trees would work as a privacy screen for neighbouring building & enhance the view of the neighbourhood.

Green Spine

IDEA INNOVATION

City will be surrounded by nos. of water channels in grid pattern to supply enough water to remotes and improve vegetation i.e The green

After Implementation

Retrofitting :

The City with Nature : This project captured the publics imaginationand helped redefine and globally influence what urban green space can be , it demonstrates how quality city space can positively utilise obsolete city infrastructure and also how a project of this scale can be successfuly managed by the local community.

• Enhanced urban macroclimate.

• Reduced flood risk.

• Improved biodiversity.

• Improve water quality.

• Encouraging physical activity.

• Reduction in crime.

GREEN Transformation

These nullahs are misused as dumping grounds for sewage.we have protect these vital lifelines from abuse and keep them clean. we have integrated these spaces into our neighbourhood create walking and cycling tacks and plantation along their sides.

Large number of trees growing beside the nullah providing shade ,clean air, and shelter for birds.

PUBLIC SPACES

MORE TREES

WALKING

CONNECT WITH NATURE

Urban Green Infrastructure

A new and important green infrastructure emerges providing safe and attractive corridors of ecological and landscape value, creating a strong sense of place and improving peoples experience of the city they inhabit.

Greening the neighborhood extends the river influence into adjacent neighborhood, encompassing five goals

1) Creation of a continuous river greenway that serves as the citys green spine

2) Reconnect neighborhoods to the river through a system of green streets.

3) Recapture underutilized or brownfield sites in park poor areas as neighborhood parkland, and incorporating stormwater management practices into all public landscapes.

4) Enhance river identity through signature bridges, gateways and through programmed events.

5) Incorporate public art along the river.

CYCLING TRACK

JOGGING TRACK EXERCISE WALKING

CHILDREN PLAY AREA

BEFORE AFTER IDEA IMPLEMENTATION

Revitalizing water quality

1) Enhanced flood storage, to slow flow velocities to enable reintroduction of vegetation.

2) Enhanced water quality, through regional scale stormwater treatment at river confluenes, & localized treatment terraces at storm drain outfalls

3) Enhanced public access within the channel via terraces and ramps, small pocket parks and ponded areas and

4) A restored riparian ecosystem. these guidelines for stormwater managementand sustainable building will advance the citys green agenda.

Creating smart and connected landscape :

Nowdays a smart city should be able to negotiate spaces, social networks and technology as smart infrastructure. it is evident that designers in urbanism will have to negotiate these diverging goals if urban areas shall be successfuly managed and developed.

SITE ANALYSIS

LOCATION :

Kota is a city located in the southeast of northern Indian state of Rajasthan.It is located Around 250 kilometres (155 mi) south of the state capital, Jaipur. Site is located in the coaching zone of kota city, surrounded by Talwandi in North, Mahaveer Nagar,Rangbari in south, Instrumentation Ltd. Colony in East and Indra vihar in West.

TOPOGRAPHY :

Kota lies along the banks of the Chambal river on a high sloping tableland forming a part of the Malwa Plateau. The general slope of city is towards the north. The comparatively rocky, barren and elevated land in southern part of city descends towards a plain agricultural land in the north.

CONTOUR MAP OF SITE

CLIMATE :

Kota has a semi arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSh) with high temperatures throughout the year. Summers are long, hot and dry, starting in late March and lasting till the end of June. The temperatures average above 40 °C in May and June and frequently exceed 45 °C with temperatures as high as 48.4 °C also been recorded.

GENERAL PROFILE OF SITE:

LENGTH OF NALLAH

2,000 m

AREA OF SITE

16 Hectare

WATERSHED AREA

320 Hectare

POPULATION IN WATERSHED AREA

50,000 (Approx.)

PEAK DISCHARGE:

PEAK DISCHRAGE = CAI / 360

PEAK DISCHRAGE = 0.7 X 320 X 25 / 360

PEAK DISCHRAGE = 15.55 cu.m / sec

Design of trapozoidal channel for water drainoff :

Q = 1/n X A X (A/P)2/3 X (S)1/2

A is area of crossection of trapazoidal channel

A = (B + my0)y

P is perimetre of trapazoidal channel

P = B + 2y0(1+m2)1/2

S is slope of channel throughout its length.

S = 1:200

Taking, B = 2m, y0 = 1m & m = 1.5. We Get,

TOP WIDTH OF CHANNEL(T) = 5m

WHERE, C is coefficient of runoff i.e. 0.7 A is area of watershed in Hectare I is intensity of rainfall in mm/hr

PEAK DISCHARGE (Q) = 17.07 cu.m / sec

FIGURE GROUND MAP

BUILDING USE MAP

BUILDING HEIGHT MAP

VENDORS MAP

TIME SPACE PEOPLE

SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTH WEAKNESS

1. COACHING INSTITUTION AREA.

2. MORE THAN 50,000 FLOATING POPULATION.

3. NEWLY PLANNED AREA.

4.LINKED BY INDUSTRIAL AND TRANSPORT AREA.

5. ADEQUATE WATER AND POWER AVAILABILITY.

6. MORE THAN 80% OFYOUNG POPULATION.

7. GOOD AND WIDE ROAD CONNECTIVITY.

8. GOOD DRAINAGE SYSTEM.

1. OPEN SPACE WIITHOUT BOUNDARY WALL WHICH RESULTS AS DUMPYARD.

2. OPEN WASTELEND OF GOVT. CAUSING UNDESIRED INTRUSION.

3. TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM BECAUSE THERE IS NO PROPER PUBLIC TRANSPORT.

4. NO PROPER HAWKERS ZONES.

5.VERY LESS PROPER INTERATION SPACE.

6. NO PUBLIC TOILETS.

7.NO SECURITY AGAINST ANTI-SOCIAL ACTIVITIES.

IMPROPER MANAGEMENT OF MUNICIPAL CORPORATION.

THREAT OPPORTUNITY

1. THREAT OF ANTI-SOCIAL ACTIVITIES.

2. POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION.

1. CONNECTIVITY WITH BY-PASS AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY 52 FOR EASY FLOW OF TRAFFIC.

2. PROPOSED FOR PAN CITY IN SMART CITY PROPOSAL OF KOTA CITY.

3.WASTELAND ALONG NULLAH CAN BE INNOVATIVELY USED.

4. CULTURAL ASPECTS AND RECREATIONAL ASSESTS.

CASE STUDY

OSHO TEERTH PARK, PUNE: AREA - 12 acre

DIMENTION : 850M X 75M

Osho teerth park stand in a place of one of depreciate nullah that serve as wasteland. It is set in lush environment between lane 2 & 3 of koregaon park. It has been trans-formed into beautiful and complete ecosystem, with nullah stream meandering through landscape.

The ambience of garden is dull - symmetrical wid zen inspired landscape nd full of suppries. On entreing garden, a sense of quitude prevails wid only the gentle sound of stream. A gently gugling flow throughout the length of park is acoompained by winding pathways and intermediate space that are discrete and canopied by tall bamboo and large trees.

The park is devided into 2 section interconnected by bridge. Pathways are gravelled paved. Space are designed to be conductive to meditation or just absorbing the artistic focal points that are created by framing bueatiful views of nature. Carefull planting of indegenous trees along the pperiphery screen the presence of existing residential building along the eastwest periphery of park.The play of shades & light is an important part of design as are the large boulder outlining the stream or seating cornors. Stratigically placing of japanese style stone bridge framed by golden bamboo at both ends.

Osho park is located in downstream of a slum of 5000 people, it has been designed to handle normal flow of 21,000 - 24,000 gallons per hour as well as peak monsoon flow of 100 times of that volume without damage the biological community of flora & fauna. Underground water pipeline and taps are provided for gardening. The level difference between the ponds encourage natural aeration and oxygenation of flowing water. These ponds are stocked wide variety of fauna and flora to feed on remaining pollutant. Fish known as “gambusia” has been specially bred in ponds to clean the water of mosquito larvae.

THE FILTERATION: The filteration system is a natural root zone filteration which activate by mean of plants such as water hyaclinths, bulrushes, & alocasias. The process of filteration of water begins with an iron mess that saparate floating garbage from nullah. Next, water is made to cascade into ponds and diffrence of lvl allows for oxygenation process easily. It is then guided through a series of four ponds created on natural bedrocks which serve as settleing tank and filteration tank for sludge.

SELECTIVE LIST OF TREES:

SWORD FERN - GROUND COVERS

FISH TAIL PALM

DATE PALM

ASHOKA TREE

BADDAM TREE

EUCALYPTUS TREE

MONEY PLANT

GULMOHAR TREE

BAMBOO

SUPARI TREE

HIBISCUS TREE

SABARMATI RIVER-FRONT DEVELOPMENT, AHEMDABAD:

River sabarmati , the lifeline of ahemdabad, gained global recognition when mahatma gandhi set up his ashram on its bank in 1917, lived there for more than a decade and, in 1930 led from its bank the famous dandi march that roused the entire nation .

The objective of the project :

1 Make the riverfront accessible to public.

2 Stop the flow of sewage, keep the river clean and pollution free.

3 Provide permanent housing for riverbed slum dwellers.

4 Reduce risk of erosion and flooding in flood prone neighborhoods.

5 Create riverfront parks, promenades and Ghats to enjoy the water.

6 Provide Ahmedabad with new culture, trade and social amenities.

7 Revitalize riverfront neighborhoods, Rejuvenate Ahmedabad.

8 Generate resources to pay for all of the foregoing.

9 Create a memorable identity for Ahmedabad.

HISTORICAL EVOLUTION

Land reclaimed by riverfront development will largely be allocated for free and open public use; more than 85% of riverfront land will become public infrastructure, recreational parks, sports facilities, and vast new gardens.

Parts of these public areas will include new space for cultural and civic institutions: including museums, monuments, performance venues, and exhibition space to significantly enhance the availability of civic amenities.

The Sabarmati Riverfront will also permanently upgrade iconic informal markets, create vibrant new spaces for residents and tourists to converge, attend outdoor events, participate in water-related recreation, and enjoy leisure activities.

The Sabarmati Riverfront Project will enhance the distinctive character of Ahmedabad, significantly improving the quality of life for residents and enhancing Ahmedabad’s value as a destination for new employers, institutions, investment, education opportunities, and tourism.

The riverfront project creates intrinsic value for all residents of Ahmedabad by making the banks of the Sabarmati free and accessible to the public. The river banks will evolve continually, adapting to the diverse interests of a rapidly transforming city.

Slum residents on the riverbed, once vulnerable to seasonal flooding, are being rehabilitated under direct supervision of the High Court of Gujarat, to permanent, titled housing units in communities within Ahmedabad city limits.

The project is also creating infrastructure to provide more organized facilities to informal markets that drive local trade.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE

To study the variety of displays in a haat.

To study the circulation and the services provided.

To study the traffic management within and outside the haat.

To study the various types of temporary as well as permanent structures

To study the requirements of the haat.

To study the sizes of the stalls and other structures.

To finalize the requirements through the case study.

INTRODUCTION

DILLI HAAT is a project of Delhi tourism and New Delhi municipal corporation. It provides an ambience of a traditional village market for more contemporary needs. It provides a synthesis of craft, food , and cultural activities.

DILLI HAAT is not just a market place; it has been visualized as a showpiece of traditional Indian culture- a forum where rural life and folk art are brought closer to an urban business.

These shops change hands every 15 days and therefore provide opportunity to the visitors with a different set of shops periodically and therefore motivates them to keep revisiting again and again .

It provides encouragement to need artists and serves as an outlet centre for them . A small food court which brings a variety of cuisines of different states together.

LOCATION AND ACESSIBILITY

LOCATION - Kidwai Nagar, opposite INA market, NEW DELHI.

DATE OF COMPLETION- DECEMBER, 1993

CLIENT- DELHI TOURISM & MUNICIPAL CORPORATION OF DELHI.

ARCHITECT- PRADEEP SACHDEVA, DESIGN ASSOCIATES, NEW DELHI.

SITE AREA- 6 ACRES, APPROX. 100M x 300M

BUILT UP AREA- 3190 SQ M

SITE DIM.-100 x 300 M

GROUND COVERAGE - 12%

NEAREST METRO STATION-INA

NEAREST BUS STOP-INA

Axial Map Analysis Showing The Measure Connectivity

ACTIVITY BASED ZONING MAP

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS GEOMETRY

The site is polygon with 4 sides.

ENTRY/EXITS

The site has 2 main entries and exits

Gate number 1 is approx 10m wide with one pedestrian entry with security check point,other 2 for special occasion entrance .Vehicular entry is prohibited

Approx 3 m wide space is used for theme display at the entrance.

Has only one exit 1.2 m wide. includes an entrance plaza,approx 10mx30m raised to block vehicular access and bring a new spatial identity for pedestrian circulation and ticketing services for entry to Dilli Haat.

Consist of ticket counter of 10mx2.5m approx with 4 ticket booth 1.2 m wide each,an entrance gate 1.2m wide,an atm of union bank 1.8mx2.4m on the left side and an atm of pnb of 3mx2.4m on right side

TICKET BOOTH AT ATM

Consist of 2 offices of 5mx5m of dilli tourism for enquiry purposes. Supported with security check in of 2mx2m . Attached with administration dept. 10mx3mapprox.

Gate number 2 is approx 7m wide.

Consist of one pedestrian entry 1.2 m wide and vehicular entry 4 m wide. Used as service gate.

Consist of ticket counter 3m wide. Attached with a courtyard and administration block of app.10mx3m.

Gives a direct passage to the stage.

GATE NO.1 FROM AUROBINDO MARG

GATE NO.2 FROM MAHARAJA AGRASEN MARG

DESIGN FORMULATION

SELF STUDY CENTRE PUBLIC TOILET

Methodology Diagram

Elements of successful Waterfront Development

Water as Planning Element

Area Proggramme

CONCEPT

HARLEQUIN SPACE :

Green space is all very well. It is soft, relaxing and favoured by those who are charged with keeping municipal order. But green is not the only colour. Other hues, other emotions and other possibilities can be envisaged and then planned. Imagination and organization are the only requisites. By turns, we feel solitary, gregarious, adventurous, amorous, aggressive, bored and excited. These, and all the other moods, some of which can be symbolized by colours, deserve accommodation in the public realm of a town. So we need harlequin plans for harlequin space, to suit our harlequin lives.

Red space is exciting . As blood is red, the colour symbolizes excitement in every country.

FAIR GROUND PEOPLE CELEBRATION

Blue space should be serene and cool, with water everywhere and sensuality beneath the surface. Fountains, waves and waterfalls release the sensuality.

SERENE COOL

i.e. WATER

Green space is made by mixing yellow with blue, to calm the diversity of the yellow and restrain the sublimity of the blue. It should be relaxing in every way.

WATER + GRASS LAND MEADOW LAND

Yellow space should stimulate one's curiosity, with an abundance of things to hear, feel, smell and touch.

GRASS LAND MEADOW LAND

Brown space should be wholesome and satisfying. When one's sense of smell returns after a headcold, the aroma of freshly dug earth can be restorative, the outdoor equivalent of coffee.

EARTH, ROCK CLAY, BRICK WOOD

Orange is made from yellow and red. Orange space should be gay with movement, laughter and fun. Jewels sparkle on black velvet. Shopping streets and markets are orange. So are busy waterfronts.

SHOPPING STREET MARKET

Purple space should be mysterious, powerful and scarce: calm but with drama lurking in the shadows. Purple is mixed from red and blue.

GORGES CAVERN NARROW PATH

Toddlers need pink space, which looks exciting but is really safe. Young children cannot be allowed to stray far from their parents.they need clean space with good supervision and regular cleaning

ZONE 1 & 2

BIRD EYE VIEW OFCENTRAL PLAZA WITH KALEIDOSCOPIC PATTERN

CHAUPATI

PARKOUR GROUND

PARKOUR GROUND & SCIENCE PARK

MEADOW LAND WITH CYCLE TRACK

SITE SECTIONS-

SECTION A-A

SECTION B-B

SECTION C-C

SECTION E-E

FLEXIBLE LYBRINTH-

CHANNEL SYSTEM PLAN PLANK JOINING

PLUS JUNCTION

T-JUNCTION

HINGE L-

SCIENCE PARK- User engaging display of following Logic based activities.

AUDIOSCOPE- used for listening diffrent sound coming out of water flow

PERISCOPE- used to view inside water activities

GEAR SYSTEM

PASS THE WALL

PULLEY SYSTEM

SECTION X-X

SECTION Y-Y

ZONE 3 & 4

Dedicated Food Zone with isolated Parking Facility

Open Gym for neighbour people

Accupuncture Pathway Yoga Zone

Kids play Area

Skating Area

Children Play Area

ADMISTRATION BLOCK

CLUB HOUSE

FLOOR PLAN

SECTION B-B

SECTION A-A

KITCHEN, RESTAURANT, BAR, POOL BLOCK-

BANQUET HALL

POOL

SECTION B-B

SECTION A-A

SECTION C-C

RESTAURANT

CHILDREN PLAY ROOM

ELEVATION

VIEW

FLOOR PLAN

SECTION A-A

SECTION B-B

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

WASTE WATER TREATMENT BY PHYTORID TECHNOLOGYNEERI’s PHYTORID

A Constructed Wetland System

• CSIR-NEERI’s technology involves a constructed wetland exclusively designed for the treatment of municipal, urban, agricultural and industrial wastewater.

• The phytorid technology can be constructed in series and parallel modules / cells depending on the land availability and quantity of wastewater to be treated.

•The phytorid technology treatment is a subsurface flow type in which wastewater is applied to cell / system filled with porous media such as crushed bricks, gravel and stones. The hydraulics is maintained in such a manner that wastewater does not rise to the surface retaining a free board at the top of the filled media.

•The total area required for the system is approximately 35 sq. m. for 20 m3/day.

COMPONANT OF PHYTORID SYSTEM

WETLAND COMPRISES…… ... ...

• Primary Settling Cell (PSC) for the purpose of anaerobic pretreatment of suspended solids.

• Secondary Advanced Filter Cell (SAFC), that supports a permutation of different sizes of stones and gravel wherein anaerobic digestion occurs.

•Tertiary Biological Wetland Cell (TBWC) made up of different layers of life supporting media such as those used in SAFC and planted with aquatic flora such as Typha, Scirpus, Cyperus, Peltandra and

Typical Performance Characteristics for Various Treatment Methods

Performance of PHYTORID for urban

Subsurface Flow:

• NO water logging on top

• NO Blockage by sewage‐solids

ADVANTAGES

• Cost-effective

• Operation and maintenance expenses are negligible.

• Minimum electricity requirement, nearly fossil energy free

• Smaller footprint (Retention time: Typically less than 24 hrs.)

• Facilitates recycle and reuse of water

• No foul odor and No Mosquito Nuisance.

• Tolerates fluctuations in operating conditions such as flow, temperature and pH

Aesthetics and NO Dedicated SPACE

LANDSCAPE DETAIL-

SITE PLAN

HARDSCAPE PLAN

LANDSCAPE PLAN

TOTAL SITE AREA : 166960 sq.m

LANDSCAPE AREA : 40417 sq.m

HARDSCAPE AREA : 85627 sq.m

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Government of India (2004) The UDPFI Guidelines, Government of India, New Delhi.

• Government of Rajasthan( ) Kota Master Plan 2021, Kota Development Authority, Kota.

• Boon, B M (Jan – April 2007); Proposed Landscape Redevelopment for Commercial Riverside Marketplace along Jalan Bambier at Kuching Waterfront, Sarawak (accessed on: 15 June, 2012) http://fabserver.utm.my/download/StudentProjectKuchingWaterfront.pdf

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• GOUP (2008); Riverfront Development at Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh (accessed on: 14 December 2011, at 03:16 PM) http://awas.up.nic.in/pdf/Allahabad/RFQ-RFD.pdf

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• Chambers, J P (1998): The Urban Place: Places for Jay to Sit (8 December 2011, at 02:44 PM) http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-81098-20362/unrestricted/etd.pdf

• Yasin, A B Md (2011): Developing New Guidelines for Riverfront Development in Malaysia (accessed on: 3r April 2012 at 12:53 AM) http://researcharchive.lincoln.ac.nz/dspace/handle/10182/4267

• Funk, J (1985); New Albany Riverfront Development (accessed on: 3rd April 2012 at 12:53 AM) http://www.bsu.edu/libraries/virtualpress/student/architecture/pdfs/f86_1985funkjames.pdf

• https://inhabitat.com/nashville-riverfront-transformed-from-wasteland-to-cumberland-playpark-for-families/

• https://issuu.com/liamwinterton/docs/koftg-comp-2/149

• www.kotamc.org

• www.facebook.com/smartcitykota

• https://www.mygov.in/group-poll/poll-areas-based-proposal-revision-smart-city-kota/

• https://mygov.in/group-issue/smart-city-mission-kota-round-2

• “CITY AS LANDSCAPE” by TOM TURNER