Ku Klux Klan On The Rise!
Newspaper Interview With Louise Brunde!
Women’s Fashion Trends!
The 20’s
Hip New Dance: The Charleston!
TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 1920s Newspapers (10 questions)- interview with Louise Brunde 5 Dance Making its Way into Society (Editorial)- the Charleston dance Fashion (briefing)- the hippest styles for women in the 1920s Letters to the Editor-
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Urban vs. Rural Science vs. Religion Wets vs. Drys The Dawes Plan- providing assistance to countries that have been affected by the war
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Ku Klux Klan On the Rise- large group of individuals that dislike African Americans, Catholics, Foreigners, Jews, and other immigrants 14 Consumer Culture- Buy! Buy!- how America has grown through the decade dealing with consumerism Entertainment- JAZZ!- new hip style of music that everyone loves! Sports-Baseball Breaking Records- Babe Ruth and the NBL making it big 1920s Presidents- successes and conflicts between president parties
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Bibliography- citations from all group members
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1920s Newspapers With Louise Brunde From The New York Times By: Ella Gibson
The other day our editor met up with writer Louise Brunde from The New York Times to ask some her some questions about how Newspapers have changed from 1910 to this decade; The 20s. The 20s editor: What do you think is the most significant change is about newspapers from the 1910s to now? Louise Brunde: I think that the most significant change would have to be the production of the amount of newspapers being printed across America. The 20s editor: How has the production of newspapers changed from 1910 to now? Louise Brunde: Newspapers have become a lot more popular across the country due to the knowledge given within them so production has increased because more Americans are wanting to invest in them. The 20s editor: What are your favorite articles to write about in the newspaper? Louise Brunde: My favorite articles to write about have to be politics, because that is a section in the newspaper that everyone reads and its good to get my name out there through popular articles, plus the subject of politics also interests me. The 20s editor: What is your opinion on the amount of advertisements but into Newspapers nowadays? Louise Brunde: I think it’s an okay amount but they keep adding more advertisements to the newspapers every so often, but it doesn’t have much effect on us newspaper staff, so it is okay. The 20s editor: Are there any other jobs you have been assigned to within The New York Times besides writing articles? Louise Brunde: Occasionally I will help create headlines for the newspapers but most of the time I’m just writing main articles.
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The 20s editor: How long have you been writing articles for The New York Times and do you adore writing for it? Louise Brunde: I have been writing for The New York Times for a little over 14 years, and yes, I do adore writing for them as well. The 20s editor: Why do you enjoy writing for The New York Times? Louise Brunde: It is just such an amazing opportunity to write for one of the most well known newspapers in America, and knowing that lots of Americans read our articles daily is just the bee’s knees. The 20s editor: Within the last decade, which article that The New York Times has written has had the most effect on Americans? Louise Brunde: Actually, one that has had the most effect on Americans was recently published. It reviewed and told about the unfortunate happenings of the 1929 stock market crash. The 20s editor: How would you explain the formatting of a typical newspaper? Louise Brunde: First the headliner would have to be big to get the reader’s attention, then most likely a typewriter font, the article would be in columns, and maybe several small images or captions. The 20s editor: Do you think newspapers will continue to grow and maintain popularity throughout the decades to come? Louise Brunde: Yes, I don’t believe newspapers will ever be as popular in the future as they are now because newer products will come to America and grab peoples attention like how newspapers do now.
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Dance Making it’s Way into Society Ana Jacobson and Lincoln Fletcher
The hippest new dance around; the charleston! Many a folks across the nation have been learning and altering this twisty new craze. Originating from women in dance clubs everywhere, this new dance is allowing for change in how ladies present themselves. With the change in fashion and values, the charleston is the new gateway to fun! The charleston dance involves a twist in the hips and jazzy step forward, step backwards movement. Many of the flappers and vamps around have added a little mind trick movement at the knees where you flick your wrists from one knee to the other. This dance is particularly done by single women having fun in the speakeasies hoping to catch the eye a dashing gentlemen. However this dance is supplying some controversy as well as fun. Several had said that this dance is suggestive and inappropriate. Some say that this dance presents women in a disrespectful manner and is distasteful.This statement is regarding more so the outfit women tend to wear than the actual movement. Others argue with the defense that this dance is harmless and is just a way for a women to escape the kitchen and housewive image and let loose. Nonetheless, the charleston is dance that anyone can do and is a lot of fun to take part in.
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Fashion By: Rachel Hoeft Colorful smaller hats, canes, and pantsuits gives you a sleek look without frills. “Patterns on dresses include embroidery, or designs reflecting Egyptian, Russian, Japanese, and Chinese. “The bob,” a new stylish hairstyle is short and slicked down and includes bangs usually
Thinner eyebrows are a new style to emphasize the face, makeup is being added around eyes to make them appear younger and larger, lips are being painted to make mouth to make the bow of the lip emphasizedcupid’s bow style. women have been striving for a younger look
Lighter material dresses, with a shorter hem. Large “Peter Pan” collars, or a large floppy bow are now included on short dresses. Baggy and loose dresses gives you a straight-line figure. The new style is a curveless cut. Dresses with short sleeves or no sleeves at all are also in style at the moment
Evening dresses, coats, and jackets often trimmed with fur. Silk stockings are becoming more colorful include patterns that are being designed to match the coordinated outfits of stylish women. Ankle strap Cuban heels are the most popular heel at the moment
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Letters to the Editor Urban Vs. Rural America Urban Life
Rural
By Lincoln Fletcher
By: Ana Jacobson
Robert Smith, New York City
Wanda Leon, Garden Grove, Iowa
There’s a reason why more and more people are coming to live in the city. In my opinion it’s a more fun, more wild, more entertaining, and exciting life. You can just do more. You can get a job in a factory making whatever, you can start a business and grow much bigger than that, and you can meet so many more people than you ever could living in the country.
The rural life is the better life. It is peaceful, quiet, and offers the best way to earn a living; farming. Who needs all that city life with the flappers and vamps parading their wares around when you can settle down with the nice neighbor boy from down the street and start a family, living up to our Savior’s expectations?
Here you’re so much more in touch with the times; news is being shouted on the streets, heard through the radio, and shown on the walls of buildings here, while in the country you have to wait for the mailman. The city is fun! You can go to the speakeasies and just party the night away, or you can go to the theater to relax and watch a movie that will make you laugh or cry. What can you do in the country? Grow food, throw horseshoes, ride horses. These people need to be introduced to the modern world, where we have true fun.
When you live out in little old Iowa, you meet life-long friends that you spend the crisp fall afternoons sharing the latest gossip with or swapping any new recipes one of your girlfriends picked up at the market. Our way of life out in Garden Grove involves hard work, which in my opinion is the only way to work. We farm our food and sell our growings to small town folks living a few miles away. Some of us even sell to the big league grocery stores in places like New York. We live for our farming and family. Americans have been doing that from the start and it worked for them, why try to fix what isn’t broken? 7
Science Vs. Religion Science by: Ella Gibson Norma Arthur, Nashville, Tennessee All these new products being invented nowadays are the just the bee’s knees. Whoever thought we’d have automobiles, telephones, electricity, and airplanes? Certainly not me, but I think life is taking a swell turn and revolutionizing pretty greatly for us, Americans. Not only are new products being invented but there is also more educational opportunities being offered. I got to say education in the 1920s is much more different from when I was younger. People are gaining much more knowledge from schools now than back in my days due to larger amounts of information that is know. Now more and more people are attending high school and college for a better education. Science has a huge positive impact on us here Americans lives. Science helps to shape and form our daily lives giving us new technologies and services that we are able to benefit from. 8
Wets Vs. Drys Wets
Drys By:Rachel Hoeft Robert Williams: I think prohibition is a good idea. All these rascals are too wild with their non-stop drinking and partying. I Cannot take it. I believe that we should have a conservative environment and take care of ourselves better. Drinking causes partying and partying causes non-sense. It seems like nowadays everyone around me is acting so foolishly. Peoples behaviors have seem to become more childish when they drink. I am tired of it and it needs to stop.
The Dawes Plan By:Rachel Hoeft The Dawes Plan is providing assistance to countries that have been negatively affected by the war. The plan was developed by a man named Charles G. Dawes. He’s the running mate of President Coolidge. The plan is designed for the United States to provide help economically for not only allied nations but Germany. The plan allows our allied nations to build their economy back up. The plan is for the US to loan money to Germany, which is spent on building up the German economy. Then Germany uses increased tax revenues to pay reparations to France. After that, France will pay back war loans to the USA and and import US goods to help rebuild France. Why build up Germany, a country that was our enemy during the war you might ask? The future relies on our allied countries. By creating this plan the US may not only gain an ally in Germany, but also create a more stable German government.
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Ku Klux Klan On the Rise By Julia Love
The Ku Klux Klan is a group of over four million individuals that hate all African Americans, foreigners, Catholics, Jews and immigrants. It was founded by ex-Confederate soldiers and other southerners and they are also known as the Grand Cyclops. The KKK believe in white supremacy and that you need to be “pure�. In order to be pure in their eyes you have to follow all rules, act a certain way and be a specific race. They think white Christians are superior to any other race and religion. The type of people that are joining are made of six categories; organizers, businessmen, politicians, preachers, lovers of horseplay/trouble and people who join for protection. Also many citizens in the Mississippi Valley, Pacific Coast, and Middle East have joined them. Not everyone in the Ku Klux Klan hated others, many also were in it because they were afraid to go against them or be on their bad side. As part of their group, they burn crosses, stage rallies and have parades. They also bomb black schools and churches and use violence just to get their beliefs across.
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Consumer Culture- Buy! Buy! by: Ella Gibson
Buy! Buy! Buy! After all that is one of the things American consumers do best in the 1920s. Plenty more businesses are being brought forth and much more job offerings are available to Americans during this time of mass consumerism. Currently the United States has a low unemployment rate due to all the new jobs available in this culture, since after World War I. New buildings are also being built in our society and more products are being invested in. The stock market is a new thing that has been brought into culture. The stock market is is a large important thing in society because it is being depended on a lot for use by consumers and is open to almost everyone. This wonderful new system trades for partial ownership of companies. People value the stock market in a way differently than its proper use which is why people have so much debt due to this system. Americans look upon the stock market as a short term investment, so they buy stocks when its high and then sell them thinking they can make money easily. People have been getting into the thrill of the stock market with the high prices booming all across the country and what seems like an endless amount of money. Credit is being introduced to this era of consumerism in the 1920s. Credit is known for its use of “buy now pay later.� Although credit has been very beneficial for Americans to use it has also lead to lots of debt in our country. Credit allows people to buy what they wanted when they wanted. Typical products that are being bought with the use of credit are cars and radio. Over half of cars are being bought on installment plan. Credit may be a wonderful invention for Americans but overuse of credit can lead to debt which may not be so wonderful. Since many new products have been introduced to the economy marketers thought of a way to make these products well-known in the United States. This new way of getting products familiar in society is called advertising. Advertisement is presented through magazines, movies, radios, and other public information sources. Advertising leads to more consumption in the United States.
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Entertainment- JAZZ! By Lincoln Fletcher
A new kind of music is beginning to gain momentum in popularity in America. This new music, called “Jazz,” is very fun, exciting, and catchy. It involves the use of the piano, drum set, brass, and saxaphone instruments plus a swinging style to create what is debatably the most American form of music. One of the biggest centers of jazz in America is the famous Cotton Club in Harlem, the social center of New York City. You can only get in if you’re someone who’s worth more money and influence than the average person. It is here that Duke Ellington’s “Jungle Band” plays. Ellington is especially noted for his amazing performance on the piano and his hit, “Mood Indigo.” Ellington formerly played with his band in Washington D.C., and moved here to Harlem when the offer was given to them. Another notable player of jazz is Louis Armstrong, a trumpeter and singer in New Orleans. He uses both just as well as Ellington uses the piano.
Duke Ellington and his band
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Sports-Baseball Breaking Records By: Ana Jacobson
Babe Ruth has baseball booming with a better name after the disgrace given to America’s pastime sport from the 1919 World Series. Ruth has blown away his previous 54 homers record with a whopping 60 homers and 171 run balls in (RBIs). The New York Yankees line up, including Ruth as their starting batter, are more popularly known as murderer's’ row after they slaughtered Washington Senators. Babe Ruth has set up the Yankees season for success several weeks in a row now; but this record breaking game will lead the Yankees to the World Series. More on the world of baseball, many may know that Andrew “Rube” Foster is the founder of the National Negro Baseball League. This league has been causing trouble in the baseball community for years now. This league and its neighboring enemy, Eastern Colored League are working their way into the record books as the leagues team up with each other to create a Negro World Series. This is a controversy on many levels. Several white families are stressing over the thought of their young lads playing on the same fields as Negros. Others say that the Negroes will become big headed about getting their own league and will believe they have right in playing pros on teams like the Yankees or the Red Sox. The Yankees have made more history this season than any previous one’s when the team contributed to Baseball’s first fatality during the Yankees – Indians game August 16th. It was the fifth inning and Ray Chapman was hit directly in the skull by Carl Mays’ pitch. Mays claims, ‘he thought his pitch hit the bat, until he saw Chapman fall to his knees.’ Chapman was rushed to a New York Hospital near Polo Grounds. He was pronounced dead 12 hours later on August 17th. After the pitch was thrown, Mays grabbed the ball and threw it to first base and from there the ball was sent around the diamond because the outfielders believed the ball had hit Chapman’s bat. It wasn’t until Ray Chapman fell to his knees with blood pouring out his left ear that doctors were brought onto the field. The players of baseball all across the states have relentlessly tried to better the name of their beloved sport in the past few seasons and it seems the great bounds and leaps brought forth have paid off as stadiums have had been overflowing every week to see these record breaking teams go head to head. Ladies and gentleman, welcome to the baseball era; expect new records and new stars to be witnessed in the world of baseball. 18
1920s Presidents By Bianca Gilliams
In the 1920s, three Republicans occupied the White House: Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge, and Herbert Hoover. Harding was inept, Coolidge was inept , and Hoover was overcome by circumstances he neither understood nor could control. Harding's campaign slogan, “A return to normalcy,” aptly described American politics for the entire period. The nation turned away from the reforming zeal of the Progressive Era and the moral vision of Wilson's wartime leadership toward a government whose domestic economic policies opposed federal regulation and encouraged business expansion. Although he was affable and popular, Harding's naivete made him a disaster as president. Mindful of his own weaknesses, he tried to select the best men possible for his cabinet, with Charles Evans Hughes as Secretary of State, Henry C. Wallace as Secretary of Agriculture, Herbert Hoover as Secretary of Commerc e, and Andrew Mellon as Secretary of the Treasury. These men were responsible for the accomplishments of Harding's brief administration, which included stimulating business growth, cutting taxes, and reach an agreement on disarmament treaties. Several of Harding's other appointments left much to be desired, however, and resulted in major action that rocked the government. Charles Forbes, for example, headed the newly formed Veteran's Bureau, even though he had carefully avoided the draft. He was convicted of fraud and related felonies involving the agency's hospital construction funds. Meanwhile, Secretary of the Interior Albert Fall was at the center of the l, in which he secretly leased naval oil reserves at Teapot Dome, Wyoming, and Elk Hills, California, to private companies headed by Edward Doheny and Harry F. Sinclair in return for no‐interest, noncollateral “loans.” After resigning his office, Fall was convicted of bribery, and the government canceled the leases. The administration was further disgraced when Attorney General Harry M. Daugherty was implicated in a bribery case involving an official in the Alien Property Office and indicted but acquitted for taking money from liquor dealers evading Prohibition. Harding was not directly involved with the corruption, and he died in office.
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