COPD Awareness Month

COPD MONTH 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)Month

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that affects millions of Americans. It refers to a group of diseases that cause airflow blockage and breathing-related problems. It includes emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and in some cases asthma. More than 12 million people in this country have COPD. That means they live with constant coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath. But another 12 million Americans don’t even know they have COPD. For them recognizing the signs of this serious lung disease and seeking help is crucial.

COPD symptoms often don't appear until significant lung damage has occurred, and they usually worsen over time, particularly if smoking exposure continues. For chronic bronchitis, the main symptom is a daily cough and mucus (sputum) production at least three months a year for two consecutive years.

Other signs and symptoms of COPD may include: • Shortness of breath, especially during physical activities • Wheezing • Chest tightness • Having to clear your throat first thing in the morning, due to excess mucus in your lungs • A chronic cough that may produce mucus (sputum) that may be clear, white, yellow, or greenish • Blueness of the lips or fingernail beds (cyanosis) • Frequent respiratory infections • Lack of energy • Unintended weight loss (in later stages) • Swelling in ankles, feet, or legs

People with COPD are also likely to experience episodes called exacerbations, during which their symptoms become worse than usual day-to-day variation and persist for at least several days.

Treatment

Treatment of COPD requires a careful and thorough evaluation by a physician. COPD treatment can alleviate symptoms, decrease the frequency and severity of exacerbations, and increase exercise tolerance. For those who smoke, the most important aspect of treatment is smoking cessation. Avoiding tobacco smoke and removing other air pollutants from the patient's home or workplace are also important. Symptoms such as coughing, or wheezing can be treated with medication. Pulmonary rehabilitation is an individualized treatment program that teaches COPD management strategies to increase quality of life. Plans may include breathing strategies, energy-conserving techniques, exercise training, and nutritional counseling. The flu can cause serious problems in people with COPD. Vaccination during flu season is recommended and respiratory infections should be treated with antibiotics, if appropriate. Patients who have low blood oxygen levels are often given supplemental oxygen.