Renewable energy generation potential in residence

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π‘‰π‘šπ‘π‘ 𝐼𝑆𝐢

π‘„π‘ π‘œ π‘Žπ‘π‘  π‘„π‘π‘œ π‘™π‘œπ‘ π‘  π‘„π‘‘π‘Ž π‘™π‘œπ‘ π‘  π‘„π‘™π‘œπ‘Žπ‘‘ 𝐻𝑑 𝐴𝑐 𝐴𝑆 UL US T 𝑇𝑠𝑖 𝑇𝑠𝑓 T T T T π‘‡π‘Ÿ 𝐢𝑀

β€’

πœ‘ Ο„ Ξ± πœ‚π‘ πœ‚π‘Ÿ

β€’

πœ‚π‘ πœ‚π‘–π‘›π‘£ Ξ² 𝑁𝑂𝐢𝑇 𝑉𝐷𝐢

β€’

β€’

πœ‚π‘

𝜌

π‘„π‘“π‘–π‘›π‘Žπ‘™

𝑇𝑠𝑓 = 𝑇𝑠𝑖 +

π‘„π‘“π‘–π‘›π‘Žπ‘™ π‘‰π‘‘π‘Žπ‘›π‘˜ πœŒπΆπ‘€

π‘‰π‘‘π‘Žπ‘›π‘˜ Ξ± Ο„

𝐴=

βˆ‘23 0 π‘„π‘™π‘œπ‘Žπ‘‘ 𝐻𝑑 πœ‚ 𝐴

π‘„π‘“π‘–π‘›π‘Žπ‘™ = (π‘„π‘ π‘œ π‘Žπ‘π‘  βˆ’ π‘„π‘π‘œπ‘™π‘™ π‘™π‘œπ‘ π‘  )πœ‘ βˆ’ π‘„π‘‘π‘Žπ‘›π‘˜ π‘™π‘œπ‘ π‘  βˆ’ π‘„π‘™π‘œπ‘Žπ‘‘ π‘„π‘ π‘œπ‘™π‘Žπ‘Ÿ π‘Žπ‘π‘  = 𝐻𝑑 πœπ›ΌπΉβ€²π‘… 𝐴𝑐 π‘„π‘π‘œπ‘™π‘™π‘’π‘π‘‘π‘œπ‘Ÿ π‘™π‘œπ‘ π‘  = π‘ˆπΏ 𝐴𝑐 𝐹 β€² 𝑅 (𝑇𝑠𝑖 βˆ’ π‘‡π‘œ ) 0, 𝑖𝑓 π‘„π‘ π‘œπ‘™ π‘Žπ‘π‘  < π‘„π‘π‘œπ‘™π‘™ π‘™π‘œπ‘ π‘  πœ‘= 1, 𝑖𝑓 π‘„π‘ π‘œπ‘™ π‘Žπ‘π‘  > π‘„π‘π‘œπ‘™π‘™ π‘™π‘œπ‘ π‘ 

𝐹′𝑅

π‘„π‘‘π‘Žπ‘›π‘˜ π‘™π‘œπ‘ π‘  = π‘ˆπ‘† 𝐴𝑆 (𝑇𝑆 βˆ’ 𝑇𝑅 π‘„π‘™π‘œπ‘Žπ‘‘ = π‘‰πœŒπΆπ‘€ (60 βˆ’ π‘‡π‘‘π‘Žπ‘ )

Ξ·r

𝐴𝑐

𝑁𝑆 =

𝑉𝐷𝐢 π‘‰π‘šπ‘π‘

𝑁𝑆 𝑁𝑃 𝑁𝑃 =

𝐸𝐿 𝑉𝐷𝐢 𝐼𝑆𝐢 𝑃𝑆𝐻

𝑉𝐷𝐢 𝑁𝑃

𝑇𝑐 = π‘‡π‘œ +

𝐻𝑑 (𝑁𝑂𝐢𝑇 βˆ’ 20) 0.8

πœ‚π‘ = πœ‚π‘Ÿ (1 βˆ’ 𝛽(𝑇𝑐 βˆ’ π‘‡π‘Ÿ ))

πΈπ‘“π‘–π‘›π‘Žπ‘™ = πœ‚π‘ πœ‚π‘–π‘›π‘£ (1 βˆ’ πœ†π‘Ž ) βˆ— (1 βˆ’ πœ†π‘ ) 𝐴𝑐 𝐻𝑑 (1 βˆ’ πœ†π‘Ž ) βˆ— (1 βˆ’ πœ†π‘ )

βˆ†π‘‡

η

πΈπ‘œπ‘’π‘‘π‘π‘’π‘‘ = 𝐸𝑀𝑖𝑛𝑑 βˆ— π΄π‘Ÿπ‘’π‘Ž βˆ— πœ‚π‘œπ‘£π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘Žπ‘™π‘™ πœ‚π‘œπ‘£π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘Žπ‘™π‘™ = 0.7

β‚Ή

β‚Ή

β‚Ή

β‚Ή

β‚Ή

β‚Ή β‚Ή

β‚Ή

β‚Ή

β‚Ή

β‚Ή β‚Ή

β‚Ή

β‚Ή β‚Ή

β‚Ή β‚Ή

β‚Ή β‚Ή

Ξ·

β€’ β€’ β€’ β€’ β€’ β€’ β€’

β€’ 𝑄 = π‘šπΆπ‘€ βˆ†π‘‡ 𝐢𝑀 βˆ†π‘‡

β€’ πœ‚=

β€’ β€’ β€’ β€’

𝑄 𝐻𝑑 βˆ— 𝐴

Solar Thermal Performance on Winter Design Day (17th January) Collector U-Value = 1.75 W/mΒ²K Collector azimuth Removal factor with heat-ex (F'r) = 0.94 % Collector tilt Collector Average Efficiency = 0.35 % Optical property (τα) MJ/winter Building Load = mCpΞ”T = 29.54 U value of Tank day Array Area = Load / (HrΞ·) = 3.00 mΒ² Temperature (room) Tank size = 450 Lts Area of Tank Solar Time

0

Qu

0Β° South 41Β° 0.8464 1.25 W/mΒ²K 24.00 Β°C 3.55 mΒ²

HT

IT

To

Ttap

Dem and

Qload

Qso abs

Qco loss

Qta loss

(collector )

Tsi

Tsf

W/mΒ²

MJ/mΒ²

Β°C

Β°C

Litre

MJ

MJ

MJ

MJ

MJ

Β°C

Β°C

18.10 18.55 19.00 18.69 18.06 16.80 15.83 15.91 16.66 18.44 20.74 23.10 24.63 25.38 25.35 25.14 24.73 24.31 23.58 22.70 21.53 20.50 19.51 18.79

13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.46 2.69 4.39 7.90 8.29 7.91 6.68 6.22 5.79 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.66 0.57 0.51 0.47 0.50 0.55 0.61 0.67 0.72 0.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.58 0.57 0.57 0.56 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.52 0.48 0.42 0.40 0.41 0.46 0.52 0.57 0.62 0.66 0.70 0.70 0.67 0.66 0.64 0.63 0.63

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.12 3.88 7.42 7.80 7.36 6.07 5.56 5.07 3.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

60.00 59.69 59.39 59.09 58.80 58.50 58.10 56.77 53.99 50.39 49.20 49.69 52.57 56.36 59.89 62.80 65.42 67.76 68.06 66.12 65.03 64.16 63.50 63.17

59.69 59.39 59.09 58.80 58.50 58.10 56.77 53.99 50.39 49.20 49.69 52.57 56.36 59.89 62.80 65.42 67.76 68.06 66.12 65.03 64.16 63.50 63.17 62.84

54.34 6.0334

13.62

48.51

59.52

59.64

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 53.30 312.52 510.98 918.92 965.24 920.63 777.55 724.36 674.17 465.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Total/ 6323.47 Avg

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 1.13 1.84 3.31 3.47 3.31 2.80 2.61 2.43 1.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

22.76 20.67 13.00

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.20 10.00 1.97 24.00 4.73 32.00 6.30 20.00 3.94 13.00 2.56 8.00 1.58 1.00 0.20 1.00 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 1.97 15.00 2.95 7.00 1.38 5.00 0.98 3.00 0.59 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 150.0 29.54 0

Solar Thermal Performance on Summer Design Day (15th May) Collector U-Value = 1.75 W/mΒ²K Collector azimuth Heat Removal Factor (Fr) = 0.94 % Collector tilt Collector Average Efficiency

=

Building Load =

mCpΞ”T

=

Array Area =

Load / (HrΞ·)

=

0.35 % MJ/summer 17.60 day 3.00 mΒ²

Optical property (τα) U value of Tank Temperature (room)

0Β° South 41Β° 0.846 4 W/mΒ² 1.25 K 26.00 Β°C

Tank size= Solar Time

= HT

IT

W/mΒ² 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Total / Avg

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19.46 167.95 483.21 721.18 918.02 819.91 845.69 690.17 511.56 462.63 275.32 97.05 13.89 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6026.0 3

Ttap

Deman d

Qload

Qso abs

Litre

MJ

MJ

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.17 2.49 4.11 2.93 1.76 0.88 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.03 1.61 1.03 0.29 0.15 0.00 0.00 17.6 0

Β°C

Β°C

26.83 26.37 25.49 24.50 23.64 23.61 23.55 23.90 24.70 26.38 28.33 30.38 31.83 32.83 33.32 33.84 33.91 33.68 32.66 31.29 29.68 28.63 27.84 27.44

25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 17.00 28.00 20.00 12.00 6.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.00 11.00 7.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 0.00

21.69

28.52

25.00

120.00

= = Ξ·r = Ξ·inv =

Solar Energy radiation demand Wh/mΒ² 0 1 2 3 4

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Area of Tank

To

MJ/m Β² 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.60 1.74 2.60 3.30 2.95 3.04 2.48 1.84 1.67 0.99 0.35 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

PV tilt PV array net area Panel efficiency (STC) Inverter efficiency Solar time

450 Lts

Qco

Tambient

TPVcell

Wh

Β°C

Β°C

%

750.00 650.00 520.00 500.00 480.00

18.10 18.55 19.00 18.69 18.06

18.10 18.55 19.00 18.69 18.06

0.16 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16

Qu

Qta loss

(collector )

Tsi

Tsf

MJ

MJ

MJ

Β°C

Β°C

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.17 1.44 4.15 6.20 7.89 7.05 7.27 5.93 4.40 3.98 2.37 0.83 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.76 0.72 0.65 0.62 0.61 0.64 0.67 0.72 0.75 0.78 0.81 0.82 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.70 0.70 0.69 0.69 0.68 0.67 0.67 0.65 0.63 0.59 0.59 0.62 0.67 0.72 0.77 0.80 0.83 0.85 0.84 0.82 0.81 0.80 0.79 0.78

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.72 3.50 5.58 7.28 6.41 6.59 5.21 3.64 3.20 1.56 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

70.00 69.63 69.26 68.89 68.53 68.17 67.81 66.83 65.17 63.04 63.03 64.74 67.80 70.77 73.89 76.24 77.75 79.01 78.84 77.55 76.56 75.98 75.48 75.06

69.63 69.26 68.89 68.53 68.17 67.81 66.83 65.17 63.04 63.03 64.74 67.80 70.77 73.89 76.24 77.75 79.01 78.84 77.55 76.56 75.98 75.48 75.06 74.64

51.78

9.37

17.35

43.70

71.25

71.44

loss

Solar PV performance on Summer Design Day 26 Β°due S Nominal operating cell T 15.66 mΒ² Air temperature at NOCT 0.169 9 % T. coeffecient of module Ξ· 0.96 % Array and other losses PV pane l Ξ·p

3.55 mΒ²

PV panels output Ep

Wh 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

= =

(1-Ξ»a)(1-Ξ»c)=

-0.0043 %/Β°C 0.76 %

PV array output EA

Einv

Egrid

Wh

Wh

Wh

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Ξ²=

45 Β°C 20 Β°C

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

-750.00 -650.00 -520.00 -500.00 -480.00

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Total/ Avg

0.00 0.00 21.72 181.93 510.20 749.68 948.23 846.98 873.61 723.47 543.33 500.94 311.15 115.22 15.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

420.00 350.00 300.00 300.00 300.00 220.00 200.00 220.00 250.00 260.00 380.00 390.00 250.00 190.00 210.00 350.00 470.00 500.00 650.00

16.80 15.83 15.91 16.66 18.44 20.74 23.10 24.63 25.38 25.35 25.14 24.73 24.31 23.58 22.70 21.53 20.50 19.51 18.79

16.80 15.83 16.59 22.35 34.38 44.16 52.73 51.09 52.68 47.96 42.12 40.38 34.04 27.18 23.17 21.53 20.50 19.51 18.79

0.16 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17

0.00 0.00 55.69 478.54 1412.22 2158.99 2823.76 2506.33 2600.96 2114.91 1552.01 1420.96 860.03 309.41 39.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 42.33 363.69 1073.29 1640.83 2146.06 1904.81 1976.73 1607.33 1179.53 1079.93 653.62 235.15 30.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 40.63 349.14 1030.36 1575.20 2060.21 1828.62 1897.66 1543.04 1132.35 1036.73 627.48 225.75 28.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

-420.00 -350.00 -259.37 49.14 730.36 1355.20 1860.21 1608.62 1647.66 1283.04 752.35 646.73 377.48 35.75 -181.09 -350.00 -470.00 -500.00 -650.00

6341.47

9110.00

20.67

28.92

0.17 18333.44

13933.42

13376.08

4.26 kWh

PV tilt PV arrat net area Panel efficiency (STC) Inverter efficiency Solar time

Ξ·r = 0.1699 % Ξ·inv =

Solar Energy radiation demand Wh/mΒ²

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

= =

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 43.93 268.82 449.14 789.12 839.34 810.85 702.81 640.70

Solar PV performance on Winter Design Day 26 Β°due S Nominal operating cell T 15.66 mΒ² Air temperature at NOCT

45.00 Β°C 20.00 Β°C

Ξ²=

-0.0043 %

(1-Ξ»a)(1Ξ»c)=

0.76 %

T. coeffecient of module Ξ·

0.96 % Tambient

= =

Array and other losses Ξ·A =

TPVcell

Wh

Β°C

Β°C

200.00 150.00 150.00 140.00 150.00 140.00 140.00 250.00 350.00 270.00 200.00 190.00 200.00 180.00 180.00 200.00

18.10 18.55 19.00 18.69 18.06 16.80 15.83 15.91 16.66 18.44 20.74 23.10 24.63 25.38 25.35 25.14

18.10 18.55 19.00 18.69 18.06 16.80 15.83 15.91 18.04 26.84 34.77 47.76 50.85 50.71 47.31 45.16

PV panel Ξ·p

PV panels output

% 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.18

PV array output EA

Einv

Egrid

Wh

Wh

Wh

Wh

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 113.38 720.88 1245.22 2305.05 2481.44 2395.91 2049.33 1852.43

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 86.17 547.87 946.37 1751.83 1885.89 1820.89 1557.49 1407.85

Ep

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 82.72 525.95 908.51 1681.76 1810.46 1748.05 1495.19 1351.54

-200.00 -150.00 -150.00 -140.00 -150.00 -140.00 -140.00 -250.00 -267.28 255.95 708.51 1491.76 1610.46 1568.05 1315.19 1151.54

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Total/ Avg

559.45 333.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

200.00 190.00 150.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 390.00 320.00

24.73 24.31 23.58 22.70 21.53 20.50 19.51 18.79

42.21 34.73 23.58 22.70 21.53 20.50 19.51 18.79

0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17

1598.63 923.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1214.96 702.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1166.36 673.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

966.36 483.95 -150.00 -200.00 -300.00 -400.00 -390.00 -320.00

5437.40

5240.00

20.67

27.75

0.17 15685.99 11921.35

11444.50

6.20 kWh

Solar Energy Export profile Energy Import/Export Solar Time 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Total

Winter Summer kWh -0.20 -0.15 -0.15 -0.14 -0.15 -0.14 -0.14 -0.25 -0.27 0.26 0.71 1.49 1.61 1.57 1.32 1.15 0.97 0.48 -0.15 -0.20 -0.30 -0.40 -0.39 -0.32 6.20

kWh -0.75 -0.65 -0.52 -0.50 -0.48 -0.42 -0.35 -0.26 0.05 0.73 1.36 1.86 1.61 1.65 1.28 0.75 0.65 0.38 0.04 -0.18 -0.35 -0.47 -0.50 -0.65 4.27

Profit Import/Export Winter

Summer

Rs/-1.64 -1.23 -1.23 -1.15 -1.23 -1.15 -1.15 -2.05 -2.19 1.92 5.31 11.19 12.08 11.76 9.86 8.64 7.25 3.63 -1.23 -1.64 -2.46 -3.28 -3.20 -2.62 44.19

Rs/-6.15 -5.33 -4.26 -4.10 -3.94 -3.44 -2.87 -2.13 0.37 5.48 10.16 13.95 12.06 12.36 9.62 5.64 4.85 2.83 0.27 -1.48 -2.87 -3.85 -4.10 -5.33 27.74

β€’ β€’ β€’ β€’ β€’

π‘„π‘ π‘œπ‘™π‘Žπ‘Ÿ = β€’

.

60𝑠 =

π»β„Žπ‘œπ‘Ÿπ‘–π‘§π‘œπ‘›π‘‘π‘Žπ‘™ cos(𝑑𝑖𝑙𝑑)

40π‘Šπ‘šβˆ’2 π‘π‘œπ‘ 30

βˆ— π΄π‘Ÿπ‘’π‘Ž βˆ—

βˆ— 4.3π‘š2 βˆ— 60𝑠 =

𝟏𝟏. πŸ—πŸπŸ• 𝐀𝐉 π‘„π‘‘π‘’π‘™π‘–π‘£π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘’π‘‘ = π‘šπΆπ‘€ βˆ†π‘‡ β€’

= 20π‘˜π‘” βˆ— 4.19 π‘˜π½π‘˜π‘”βˆ’1 𝐾 βˆ’1 βˆ— (40.13 βˆ’ 37.59)𝐾 = 𝟐𝟏𝟐. πŸ–πŸ“πŸ π’Œπ‘±

β€’

πœ‚=

π‘„π‘‘π‘’π‘™π‘–π‘£π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘’π‘‘ 212.852 = π‘„π‘ π‘œπ‘™π‘Žπ‘Ÿ 11.917 = πŸπŸ•. πŸ–πŸ”

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