Lake redevelopment @ patan

Table of Contents

01 - Preface...........................................05 02 - Functions of Lakes.........................06 03 - Design Concept..............................07 04 - 3D Views........................................08 05 - Render Plan....................................10 06 - Hardscape Palette..........................12 07 - Softscape Palette...........................13 08 - BOQ................................................15 09 - Technical SpeciďŹ cation...................18

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Preface History has countless evidence of

Lake

Rivers like Indus, Nile, Tigris, etc., are known

Redevelopment

for the human settlements which developed

civilization growing by the water-fronts.

here. Today, lake fronts are also degrading due to uncalled interventions and human ignorance towards their ecology. The trend in case of many contemporary urban lakes, surrounded by a modern society and a predominantly technology driven economy, is no different. Disposal of domestic and industrial waste directly into the lake, lack of seasonal rainfall, encroachment on lake, etc., have contributed adversely to the natural environment and quality of living in the urban city.

Chhath Puja is the biggest festival for the people of Bihar living within Bihar or across the country or world. The festival is often referred to as “Mahaparv�. The festival roughly spreads over a period of four days involving many rituals. In the last two days, the devotees gather along the bank of river Ganga or any other water body to take the holy dip and offer their prayers to Sun God & Goddess Durga.

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5

Functions of Lakes

Design Concept Concept of Lake Redevelopment is based on providing large interesting and public spaces for local community so the moto was of the concept is derived from “Rituals�.

CLASSIFICATION OF RITUALS

Religious Ground Water Recharge

Utilitarian

Degree of Participation

Space

Time

At Regular Interval Daily

Source of Water

Functions of Lakes In India

Season

Symbol of Historical Importance

Annual

Specific

Specific Occupied

Cultural Importance

Space of Gathering Recreational

Individual

Family

Private

Cluster

Group

Specific Community

City

Community

Public

During any ritual performed at different scales leads to the creation of a very new environment, which is experienced by the people accommodating that space for particular period. Elaborating on that, during the ritual of puja that is different small community participate as a whole which makes it public in nature and creates a new boundary where no one can extend oneself between a place of puja as a response to the ritual. The behavior of space changes during the ritual and this transformation is physical as well as metaphysical.

Behavior of space changes as rituals evokes a different kind of territorial behavior within the same territory. The presence of human performing rituals are magnified due to the orientation where the similar patterns of rituals such as bathing in lake, performing devotional acts to deity are repeated on different Ghats.

Transformation of space takes place on various scales, one being on the tangible aspects while certain adjustments are made in the physical environment to meet the requirements of the ritual. Apart from that, it creates an atmosphere (realm)

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where elements, built spaces and people connect With each other.

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3D Views

8

9

Render Plan Location

Bihar

Area

3708.81 m2

Depth Of Lake

5.0 m

Project Year

2018

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Hardscape Palette

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Lake Redevelopment @ Bihar Hardscape Plan

Sr. No.

Description

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Quantity

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La

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2

1

Stone Pitching

456 M

2

Sitting In between Walkway 500 x 1200 x 500 mm

12 Nos.

3

Cobble Finish Pavers Flooring @Walkways 100 x 100 x 60 mm

162 M2

4

Concrete Curbing Blocks @ Walkways & Softscape

56 RMT

5

Concrete Pots for Flowerbeds 2500 x 250 x 150 mm *as per DWG

56 Nos.

ow

o ag

Sr. No.

Description

Quantity

1

Callistemon lanceolatus - Tree

7 Nos.

2

Conocarpus - Tree

8 Nos.

3

Allamand Pourpre - Shrub

20 Nos.

4

Tecoma Gaudichaudi - Shrub

21 Nos.

5

Mexican Carpet Lawn

427 M2

6

Ixora Red - Flowerbed*

215 M2

7

Crinum Lily - Flowerbed*

215 M2

8

Lantana Red - Flowerbed*

8.0 M2

9

Plumbago - Flowerbed*

4.8 M2

10

Lantana Yellow - Flowerbed*

9.6 M2

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Softscape Palette 13

BOQ Sr. No.

Activity

Description

UOM

Quantity

Rate

Amount

1

Excavation

Rates includes: 1) Clearing shrubs, roots vegetation from site, removing of all deleterious material from site, surface dressing marking layout of building and fixing permanent grid points on MS/Wooden posts, etc..

2) Excavation either straight or curved in Trenches/ Foundations / Raft / Basement / Underground water tank/ S.T.P. etc. cutting and dressing of sides or bottom to the true dimensions.

3)The shoring works shall consist of an acceptable process as per relevant Is code, designed to suit site conditions and approved by the Engineer - in - charge.

CUM

5350

155

829,250

2

Backfilling

Compacted Earth: Refilling/ back filling with selected excavated earth in plinth and sides of foundation in 200 mm thick layers, ramming, consolidating, dressing the filled up area and compacting with sufficient water to produce and achieve the density not less than 95% of the maximum density at optimum moisture content as per Test No. 15 of BS: 1377-1975 or similar clause of relevant IS code.

CUM

902

95

85,690

3

Embankment

Stabilized Earth with fly ash or murram Embankment

CUM

2757

250

689,250

4

Manure Rich Soil

Garden Soil with 20% of Organic Manure

CUM

270

225

60,750

5

Anti Termite

Providing, diluting and injecting chemical emulsion anti termite treatment as per relevant IS 6313 code and creating a continuous Chemical barrier to a depth of 300 mm from ground level along the external perimeter of the building, top surface of plinth filling, junction of wall and floor, Expansion joins, over the top surface of consolidated earth on which apron is to be laid, surrounding of pipes and conduits etc. Complete as per specification.

SQM

2100

75

157,500

6

PCC

1:2:4 (cement: sand: stone ballast) by volume when specified. Minimum compressive strength of concrete of 1:2:4 proportions shall be 140 kg/cm2 in 7 days.

Thickness should be 100mm Regular slump test should be carried out to control the addition of water and to maintain the required consistency. A slump of 7.5cm to 10cm may be allowed for construction work.

SQM

1141.81

415

473,851

7

RCC

M20

CUM

M25

CUM

M30

CUM

8

Reinforcement

Fe415/Fe500

MT

15

Sr. No.

Activity

Description

UOM

Quantity

Rate

Amount

9

Brick Work

At All Levels From Foundation LVL. To Plinth Level And Above The Plinth Level

CUM

168

4800

806,400

SQM

1109.85

290

321,857

Description

UOM

Quantity

Rate

Amount

Cobble Stone: Providing & fixing stone in 20 mm thick machine cut edge, Pre Polished, Stone coping / band / over projection of uniform colour and size, laid over 12 mm thick cement mortar 1:4 (1 cement : 4coarse sand) including the cost of grouting of non-staining silicon and pigment matching the stone shade, making necessary recesses, drip coarse, noising champhering in stone slab, scaffolding, curing etc. complete as per drawing or as per direction of Engineer in Charge and approved by the architects.

SQM

162

780

126,360

Bedding

This bedding shall consist of a durable crushed granular material with a well graded mineral aggregate mixture, which will provide good stability. This bedding shall not contain recycled or manufactured materials.

CUM

73.02

12

Kerbing

Concrete Kerbing Blocks at the side of Walkways and softscapes Sizes: 300X300X75mm , 600/625X400X100mm

RMT

355

275

97,625

13

Paint

Oil Paint Oil paint on railing for staircase

RMT

90

240

21,600

Exterior Paint on Staircase and Landscape Retention Walls: Providing and applying low VOC, Exterior type plain paint of Asian, Nerolac, Jotun make or equivalent make of approved colour and shade on external finished walls / ceiling over a smooth base coat, Including the cost of providing and applying white cement based putty of average thickness 1 mm, of approved brand and manufacturer as per list of make, over the plastered wall surface to prepare the surface even and smooth, making grooves, erection and dismantling of required scaffolding etc. Complete with all respect of all lead, all lift, all levels/heights.

SQM

408.17

210

85,716

Lawn: Mexican Lawn

SQM

340

180

61,200

Shrub: Allamand pourpre Shrub

NOS

20

45

900

Shrub: Tecoma Gaudichaudi Shrub

NOS

24

35

840

Flowerbed: Crinum Lily Flowerbed

RMT

165

115

18,975

Flowerbed: Irora Red Flowerbed

RMT

145

260

37,700

Flowerbed: Latana Red

RMT

45

100

4500

Flowerbed: Latana Yellow

RMT

50

100

5000

Flowerbed: Plumbago

RMT

30

100

3000

Tree: Callistemom Lanceolatus

NOS

7

450

3150

Tree: Conocarpus

NOS

8

600

4800

Sr. No.

Activity

Providing and erecting Masonry with 9" thick (230 mm thick) Common burnt clay FPS bricks of class designation 75 in cement mortar 1:6 (1 cement: 6 coarse sand) in proper line and plumb including hacking of RCC at junctions, flush / racked 6 mm depth, finishing the joint, curing complete as per drawing or as directed by the Engineer in charge with all respect of all leads, lifts, level up to plinth level.

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Plaster

Rates Quoted shall include: 1) Use of scaffolding (erecting and dismantling ), trestles, ladders etc. necessary for execution of work and for inspection.

2) Provision of chicken wire mesh 300mm wide at junctions of brick work and concrete.

3) Finishing the edges of electric fittings chases cutting, boxes etc.

4) Cleaning painting splashes, dirt, glass, joinery including washing the floors, windows and cleaning premises neat and clean.

5) Work on cornices, narrow widths, forming grooves bands etc.

Providing and applying 18 mm cement plaster of mix 1:4 (1 cement : 4 coarse sand) on external walls in two coats / Layer with 12 mm thick cement plaster 1:4 (1 cement : 4 coarse sand) finished rough and top layer 6 mm thick in cement plaster of mix 1:4 (1 cement : 4 coarse sand) finished smooth in line and level / plumb including hacking of RCC structure, curing, providing necessary bands, drip moulds, tapak, making groove, chicken wire mesh 300 wide at junction of dissimilar materials, scaffolding etc. the item rate complete per instructions of Engineer-in charge. for all leads, lifts and heights. The item rate includes of providing and mixing water proofing material of approved make Grace / Pidlite / BASF /Sika / Fosroc or equivalent in External Cement plaster work in Ratio 1Kg./bag of cement or as per manufacturers recommendation and specification, complete for all leads, lifts and heights.

(Wall Plaster (Cement / Gyproc / Levelplast Plaster ) are not to be considered wherever Stone / Tile cladding has been considered. )

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16

Flooring

14

Kota Stone: Providing & fixing stone in 20 mm thick machine cut edge, Pre Polished, Stone coping / Band / Over projection of uniform colour and size, laid over 12 mm thick cement mortar 1:4 (1 Cement: 4coarse sand) including the cost of grouting of non-staining silicon and pigment matching the stone shade, making necessary recesses, drip coarse, noising champhering in stone slab, scaffolding, curing etc. complete as per drawing or as per direction of Engineer in Charge and approved by the architects.

SQM

"Rubble Stone Masonry with Pointing: 200mm Thickness "

SQM

470

660

900

380

Landscape

423,000

15

Boring

16

Benches

LS

10,00,000

250,800 Sitting in between Walkways: Size: 500X1200X500mm

NOS

12

3500

42,000 4,611,713 (Excluding taxes)

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Technical Specification 1. Excavation - Up to depth of 1.5m

consolidated complete in all respect. Each deposited layer to be consolidated by ramming, poking by rods, watering , surface vibrator to achieve at least 95% maximum dry density (proctor density) complete. The Item rate includes of all leads, all lifts, cost of earth, Mining approval, royalty, excavation, transportation, loading, unloading and filling in layers, breaking clods, consolidating, watering, ramming , dressing in required profile, etc. complete.

1.1 Clearing the site: 1.1.1 The site on which the structure is to be built shall be cleared and all obstructions, loose stone, materials and rubbish of all kind, bush, wood and trees shall be removed as directed. The materials so obtained shall be properly of the Government and be conveyed and

Landscape: The earth for landscape should be manure rich soil.

stacked as directed within 50 M. lead. The roots of the trees coming in the sides shall be cut and coated with hot asphalt.

1.1.2 The rate of site clearance is deemed to be included in the rate of earth work for which no extra will be paid.

3.PCC- RCC 3.1 Reference Code :

1.2 Setting out:

3.1.1 Construction of plain and reinforcement concrete workd shall be accordance with the IS Code of Practice IS: 456 and other

1.2.1 After clearing the site, the centerline will be given by the Engineer-in- charge. The contractor shall assume full responsibility

relevant codes mentioned therein.

for alignment, elevation and dimension of each and all parts of the tractor shall assume full responsibility for alignment elevation and

3.1.2 In case of conflict between the clauses mentioned in this specifications and those in the IS this specification shall govern.

dimension of each and all parts of the work. Contractor shall supply laborers, materials, etc. required for setting out the reference marks and bench marks and shall maintain them as long as required and directed.

3.2 Materials: 3.2.1 Material for concrete viz cement, sand, coarse aggregate, water and Reinforcement steel shall be as described in IS.

1.3 Excavation : The excavation in foundation shall be carried out in true line and level and shall have the width and depth as shown in the drawings or as

3.3 Grades of Concrete :

directed. The contractor shall do the necessary shoring and shutting or providing necessary slopes to a safe angle, at his own cost. The

3.3.1 As per instruction of Engineer-In Charge.

payment for such precautionary measures shall be paid separately if not specified. The bottom of the excavated area shall be levelled both longitudinally and transversely as directed by removing and watering as required. No earth filling will be allowed for bringing it to

3.4 Type of Concrete Mix :

level, if by mistake or any other reason excavation is made deeper or wider that shown on the plan or directed. The extra depth or

3.4.1 Unless otherwise noted on drawing or given in SOR, all lean and reinforced concretes shall be nominal mix and design mix types

width shall be made up with concrete of same proportion as specified for the foundation concrete at the cost of the contractor. The

respectively.

excavation up to 1.5 m. depth shall be measured under this item.

3.5 Concrete Mix Proportioning : 1.4 Disposal of the excavated stud :

3.5.1 The Engineer-In-Charge shall verify the strength of the concrete mix, before giving his sanction of its use. However this does not

1.4.1 The excavated stuff of the selected type shall be used in filling the trenches and plinth or leveling the ground in layers including

absolve the Contractor of his responsibility as regards achieving the prescribed strength than required the Engineer-In-Charge shall

ramming and watering etc.

order fresh trial mixes to be made by the contractor. No claim to alter the rates of concrete work shall be entertained due to such

1.4.2 The balance of the excavated quantity shall be removed by the contractor from the site of work to a place as directed with lead up

changes in mix variation. The design mix shall be conforming to the guidelines of IS:10262.

to 50 M. and all lift.

Mixing : The concrete shall be mixed in mechanical mixer. Mixing shall be continued until there is uniform distribution of the material and the mass in uniform in color and consistency but in no case mixing shall be done for less than 2 to 3 minutes.

1.5 Mode of measurement and payment: 1.5.1 The measurement of excavation in trenches for foundation shall be made according to the sections of trenches shown on the

3.6 Water-Cement Ratio :

drawing or as per sections given by the Engineer- in-charge. No payment shall be made for surplus excavation made in excess of

Once a mix, including its water cement ratio, has been determined and approved for use by the Engineer-In-Charge that water cement

above requirements or due to slopping back as found necessary on account of conditions of soil and requirements of safe.

ratio is maintained.

1.5.2 The rate shall be for a unit of one cubic meter.

3.7 Transporting & Placing the concrete :

2. Backfilling

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The concrete shall be handled from the place of by mixing to the final position in not more than 15 minutes the method as directed and

Backfilling / Refilling with earth/murrum brought from outside (excluding Rock ) free from vegetation in trenches, plinth, sides of

shall be placed into its final position, compacted and finished within 30 minutes of mixing with water i.e. before the setting commences.

foundation, under floors, all-round the retaining walls etc. in layers not exceeding 20cm in depth and rammed watered and

The concrete shall be laid in layers of 15 cms. to 20 cms.

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3.8 Compacting :

mortar as the bricks are laid. Bricks shall be laid with frog uppermost and shall be wetted during hot weather.

The concrete shall be rammed with heavy iron rammers and rapidly to get the required compaction and to allow all the interstices to be

5.3.6 Prices for brickwork shall include the cost of all necessary scaffolding.

filled with mortar.

5.4 Bonding for Brickwork: 3.9 Curing :

5.4.1 Walls exceeding 115mm in thickness shall be built in English Bond unless otherwise directed by the Engineer. Half brick walls

After the final set, the concrete shall be kept continusoly wet, if required by pounding for a period of not less than 7 days from the date of

shall be constructed in stretcher bond. Hollow walls shall be constructed of two-half brick sinks separated by a 50mm cavity and tied

placement.

with three 150mm galvanized strip type fish tailed ties per sqm in staggered formation.

5.4.2 All ties should be kept clean of mortar droppings. The use of snap headers shall not be permitted and bats shall be allowed only as

4.Anti Termite 4.1 Site Preparation:

closure.

5.4.3 It is necessary to follow the specification for the type of bond for the construction of brickwork.

4.1.1 The site preparation consist of removing the stumps, roots, logs, waste woods etc from the site where the building is to be constructed.

5.5 Labour for Brickwork:

4.1.2 If the termite mounds are detected within the considerable depth area of the lake they should be destroyed by the use of

5.5.1 The contractor shall built in or cut and pin the ends of joists, lintels, steps, corbels, etc and shall built in all frames and bed and

insecticide solution.

point in cement mortar.

4.2 Soil Preparation:

5.5.3 The contractor shall rake out joints of brickwork for the insertion of metal flashings, wedge the flashings and afterward repoint the

5.5.2 The contractor shall perform all necessary rough and fair cutting and shall form all necessary chases and reveals.

4.2.1 To make the soil treatment effective the chemical water emulation is applied in required dosage on entire area of ground covered

joints in cement mortar.

by the structure.

5.5.4 The type of labour involved will vary from job to job and the specification writer must examine the drawing carefully, in order to pick

4.2.2 The watering can or and operated compressed air sprayer can be used to ensure distribution of the chemical emulsion.

up all the labours needed and describe them in description.

5.Brick Masonry

6.Waterproofing

5.1 Bricks:

6.1 Method 1: Asphalt Work:

5.1.1 All bricks should be hard, sound, square, well burnt, uniform in texture, regular in shape, with true square arrises, and even in size.

6.1.1 All asphalt work shall be carried out by workmen experienced in the preparation and laying of mastic asphalt.

5.1.2 Care is to taken in unloading, stacking and handling and no chipped or damaged bricks should be used.

6.1.2 Horizontal membranes shall be laid in three thickness, each with 75mm laps, to a thickness of 30mm in the manner shown on

5.1.3 All Bricks should be equal to samples submitted to and should be approved by Engineer-In-Charge before the commencement of

diagram.

work. Adequate stocks of bricks should be maintained for the continuity of work.

6.1.3 All the surfaces to be covered with asphalt shall be dry and free from dirt or loose material immediately prior to the application of asphalt.

5.2 Mortar:

6.1.4 Vertical or Inclined membranes shall be applied in three thickness with 75mm laps, to a total thickness of not less than 20mm.

5.2.1 Mortar for brick Masonry should contain one part of Ordinary Portland Cement to three parts of sand. All the materials used

6.1.5 Whenever necessary, protect the asphalt by laying loading coats of concrete as soon as each section of asphalt work is complete.

should confirm to IS Requirement.

6.1.6 To ensure satisfactory result it is necessary to lay the asphalt in a minimum of coats with a minimum total thickness and the

5.2.2 The mortar shall be mixed in mechanical mixer. Mixing shall be continued until there is uniform distribution of the material and the

requirement vary for different situation. Asphalt tanking must be continuous and it should therefore be carried under sanction bases by

mass in uniform in color and consistency but in no case mixing shall be done for less than 2to3 minutes.

lining their pits.

5.3 Brick Laying:

6.2: Method 2: Bitumen Sheeting

5.3.1 All brickwork shall be built to the dimensions, height and thickness and in the positions as shown in the drawing or as per the

6.2.1 Bitumen sheeting shall comply with, weighing not less than 1kg/sqm. For roof coverings the sheeting shall be applied in three

instruction of engineer-in-charge.

layers, the bottom layer being of asbestos based felt and the top layer shall be on a coat of cold dressing compound.

5.3.2 Clean off and prepare all concrete and other surfaces on which bricks are laid.

6.2.2 All surfaces shall be dry and free from dirt and loose material immediately prior to the application of suitable viscosity the

5.3.3 All brickwork shall be built uniform, true and level, with all perpends vertical and in line and shall rise 300mm in every four course.

sheeting shall be laid with laps of not less than 50mm and a coat of hot oxidized or blown bitumen bonding compound shall be applied

5.3.4 No brickwork shall rise more than 1.25 m above adjoining work during bricklaying and the work on rising shall be properly toothed

between adjacent sheet. Spalyed or rounded angle fillets shall be provided at the junction of horizontal and vertical surfaces.

and racked back.

5.3.5 All bricks shall be wetted sufficiently prior to laying to avoid excessive suction. All bed and vertical joints shall be filled solid with 20

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7.Plaster Work 7.1 MATERIALS:

peel off the plaster).

7.1.1 Cement:

4) The prepared mortar shall be applied (8 - 10 mm thick) on bond coat within 10 - 20 minutes after applying bonding coat before it. sets

Cement shall be ordinary Portland cement conforming to IS. Approved blended cement shall be used for internal plaster, masonry,

or dries. Proper leveling is done with wooden floats, Aluminum hollow section etc. Rough finish is done.

flooring, waterproofing and plumbing works. For all RCC and PCC works, approved fly ash shall be used. For external plaster approved

5) Continuous curing is done by sprinkling of water manually after the first coat has set.

fly ash as per specification of item shall be used. It shall be received in bags of 50 kg (or in bulk carriers in case of storage in silos) of one

6) Second coat of 10 - 12 mm thick is to be applied above the First coat on next day. Proper leveling and finishing is done with wooden

brand and grade with consistency certificate of the manufacturer. Each batch shall be accompanied with a test certificate of the

floats, Aluminum hollow section etc grooves shall be marked and made properly in line, l. Architrave evel and depth uniformly. Window

factory. Also it shall be tested before use to ascertain its strength, setting time, etc. In case cement has been stored for over 6 months

moldings shall be marked and made properly. Finished grooves, cornices shall be cleaned thoroughly from all deposits.

from date of manufacturer or for any reasons the stored cement shows signs of deterioration or contamination, it shall be tested as per

7) After the day work, plaster is to be cut in line and level. All mortar lying on the floor will be cleared off after day work.

the direction of the Engineer prior to use in the works.

8) Plaster will be cured by keeping the surface wet by manually sprinkling of water for min. 14 days to be started on same day.

7.1.2 Water: Water used for mixing and curing shall be clean, reasonably clear and free from objectionable quantities of silt, oils, alkalis, acids, salts so as not to weaken mortar.

Water tested shall be in accordance with IS 3025. Maximum permissible limits of deleterious materials in water as given in IS 456-2000.

7.1.3 Sand: Sand shall conform to IS 1542 specification for sand for plaster.

7.1.4 GI Chicken Mesh / Plaster Mesh: GI Chicken mesh of 20 gauge as approved shall be used over junctions of concrete and masonry or two dissimilar materials about 150 mm wide fixed with GI wire nails etc. as directed by the Engineer. (It is not recommended for external plaster) 7.1.5 Bonding Agent: Chemical bonding adhesive of approved chemical admixture manufacture's shall be used as per recommendations of manufacturer over concrete surface.

7.2 Cement mortar: 7.2.1 Cement mortar shall be prepared by mixing cement and sand in specified proportions. Proportioning shall be carried out as detailed above. Sand shall be added suitably to allow for bulkage if required. Bulkage shall be determined as specified in IS 2386 Part III. Cement and sand added to mixer shall be thoroughly mixed and water shall be added to it gradually. After addition of water the mixer shall run for a minimum of 3 minutes. The mortar mixed shall be consumed within 30 minutes of its mixing.

7.3 Workmanship: 7.3.1 Preparation of mortar mix: The material used in preparation of plastering mixes shall be measured by volume using gauge-boxes or by weight. When cement is measured by weight, 1440 kg of material shall be taken equivalent to one cubic meter.

7.4 Process for 2 coat Plaster 1) Seal Joint: The joints between RCC members and masonry shall be racked out at least 10mm deep. This gap shall be sealed by cement morter mix with polyalk EP chemical in proportion 2:5:15 (2 parts chemical + 5 parts PP cement + 15 parts sand) and metal.

2) After surface preparation. Level dots are marked @ 1 mtr. Center to center both way in plumb and line on the surface. References are to be taken with respect to topmost point of the building irrespective of the location of actual plaster.

3) Hack aid plast and cement shall be mixed in (0.5 :1) proportion by stirrer to obtain lump free consistent slurry. This slurry is applied on the prepared surface about 1 mm thick by using brush or spray pump as a Bonding coat.

Care to be taken to avoid application of slurry on excess area reachable by the masons within 10 to 20 minutes. (i.e. before setting of the Bond Coat). (However it is to be informed that if first coat is applied after setting of Bond coat then separation layer may occur leading to 22

8. Flooring Kota Stone 8.1.1 Stone Slabs: The slab shall be of selected quality, hard, sound, dense and homogeneous in texture, free from cracks, decay, weathering and flaws.

They shall be hand or machine cut to the requisite thickness as indicated and they shall be of uniform colour. The slabs shall have the top (exposed) face polished before being brought to site. Before starting the work, Contractor shall get the sample of slabs approved by the Engineer-in-Charge.

8.1.2 Dressing of Slabs: Every slab shall be cut to the required size and shape and fine chisel dressed on the sides to the full depth so that a straight edge laid along the side of the stone shall be in full contact with it. The sides (edges) shall be table rubbed with coarse sand or machine rubbed before paving. All angles and edges of the slabs shall be true, square and free from chippings and the surface shall be true and plane.

For staircase treads, single piece slab to full length and width of treads shall be provided. The nosing shall be rounded off and three parallel grooves ten by ten (10mm x 10mm) immediately behind the nosing edge shall be provided to avoid skidding. Square or circular holes shall be made carefully to accommodate M.S. Baluster in position.

8.1.3 Preparation of Surface and Laying: 1 Sub-grade concrete or the RCC slab on which the slabs are to be laid shall be cleaned, wetted and mopped. The bedding for the slabs shall be with cement mortar and the thickness as indicated.

2 The slabs shall be laid in the following manner:Mortar of the specified mix shall be spread under the area of each slab, roughly to the average thickness as indicated. The slab shall be washed and cleaned before laying. It shall be laid on top, pressed, tapped with wooden mallet and brought to level with the adjoining slabs. It shall be lifted and laid aside. The top surface of the mortar shall then be corrected by adding fresh mortar at hollows. The mortar is allowed to harden a bit and cement slurry of honey like consistency shall be spread over the same at the rate of 4 kg of cement per square metre. The slab to be paved shall be lowered gently back in position bedded in level. Subsequent slabs shall be laid in the same manner and joints between adjacent slabs shall be as thin as possible and run in straight line. After each slab has been laid, surplus cement grout coming out of the joints of the slabs shall be cleaned off. The surface of the flooring as laid shall be true to levels, lines and shapes as instructed by the Engineer-in-Charge.

3 Slabs which are fixed in the floor adjoining the wall shall enter not less than twelve (12) mm under the plaster skirting or dado. The junction between wall plaster and the floor shall be finished neatly and without waviness 4 Curing, Polishing and Finishing: 1 The floor shall be kept wet for a minimum period of seven (7) days. The surface shall thereafter be ground evenly with machine fitted 23

with fine grade blocks (No. 120). The final grinding with machine fitted with the finest grade grit blocks (No. 320) shall be carried out the

stones covered in IS: 1129.

day after the first grinding described above or before handing over the floor, as ordered by the Engineer-in-Charge.

8.2.4 Laying

2 For small areas or where circumstances so require, hand polishing may be permitted in lieu of machine polishing after laying. For hand

All stones shall be wetted before laying to prevent absorption of water from mortar. The stones shall be laid that the pressure is always

polishing the following Carborundum stones shall be used.

perpendicular to the natural bed. The courses (if any) shall be built perpendicular to the pressure which the masonry will bear. In case of

1st grinding - Medium Grade Stone (No.8)

battered walls, the base of stone and plan of courses (if any) shall be at right angles to the batter. The walls shall be carried up truly

Final Grinding - Fine Grade (No. 120)

plumbed or to the specified batter. Every stone shall be carefully fitted to the adjacent stones, so as to form neat and close joints.

3 In all other respects, the process shall be similar as for machine polishing.

Vertical joints shall be staggered as far as possible. The bond shall be obtained by fitting in closely the adjacent stones. Face stones

4 After the final polish, oxalic acid shall be dusted over the surface at the rates of thirty three (33) gms. per square metre sprinkled with

shall extend and bond well in the back. These shall be arranged to breaked joints as much as possible, and to avoid long vertical lines of

water and rubbed hard with pad of wooden rags. The following day the floor shall be wiped with a moist rag and dried with a soft cloth

joints. The depth of stone from the face of the wall inwards shall not be less than the height or breadth at the face. Where there is a break

and finished clean.

in the masonry work, the masonry shall be raked in sufficiently long steps for facilitating joining of old and new work. The stepping of

5 If any slab is disturbed or damaged, it shall be refitted or replaced, properly jointed and polished. The finished floor shall not sound

the raking shall not be more than 45 degrees with the horizontal. The masonry work shall not be raised more than 1.2 meter per day.

hollow when tapped with wooden mallet.

Toothed joints in masonry shall not be permitted.

8.2.5 Hearing of Chips

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8.2 Rubble Stone Masonry

The hearting or interior filling of the wall shall consist of rubber stones which may be of any shape but shall not be less than 150mm on

8.2.1 Materials:

any face. These shall be carefully laid, hammered down with a wooden mallet into position and solidly bedded in mortar. The hearting

Stones used in masonry shall be of approved quality locally available black trap. They shall be hard, sound and free from decay,

should be laid nearly level with facing and backing, except that at about one meter intervals, vertical bonds stones shall be firmly

weathering and fissures. Stones with round surface shall not be used.

embedded to form a bond between successive courses.

8.2.2 Cement Mortar:

8.2.6 Insertion of Chips

Cement mortar shall meet the requirements of IS: 2250 and shall be prepared by mixing cement and sand by volume. Proportion of

The chips and spalls of stones shall be used wherever necessary to avoid thick mortar beds or joints and it shall also be ensured that no

cement and sand shall be 1:6 (one part of cement and six part of sand) or as specified. The sand being used shall be sieved before use.

hollow spaces are lefty any where in the masonry. The chips shall not be used below there hearting stone to bring these up to the level of

The mortar shall be used as soon as possible after mixing and before it has begun to set and in any case within initial setting time of

face stones.

cement, after the water is added to the dry mixture Mortar unused for more than initial setting time or cement shall be rejected and

The use of chips shall be restricted to the filling of interstices between the adjacent stones in hearting and this shall in no case exceed

removed from the site of work.

20% of the quantity of stone masonry.

Proportioning: The unit of measurement for cement shall be bag of cement weighing 50 KGs and this shall be taken as 0.035 cubic

8.2.7 Jointing

meter. Sand shall be measured in boxes of suitable size on the basis of its dry volume. In case of damp sand, it quantity shall be

Stones shall be so laid that all joints are fully packed with mortar. Face joint shall be minimum 20mm thick. The joints shall be struck

increased suitably to allow for bulkage.

flush and finished at the time of laying; when plastering and pointing is not required. If walls are to be plastered or pointed, joint shall be

The mixing of mortar shall be done in a mechanical mixer operated manually or by power. The Engineer-In-Charge may however, permit

raked to a minimum depth of 20mm during the progress of work when the mortar is still green. For the faces of the wall which are not to

hand mixing, as a special case, taking in to account the magnitude nature and location of work. The Contractor shall take the prior

be plastered, stone surface shall be cleared of mortar splashing to give uniform stone appearance.

permission of the Engineer-In-Charge in writing, for using hand-mix, before the commencement of work.

8.2.8 Pitching:

Mixing in Mechanical Mixer: Cement and sand in specified proportions, by volume shall be thoroughly mixed dry in a mixer. Water shall

Stone for pitching shall be granite or other clean, hard dense and durable rocks free from cracks, kaolinised patches, organic or other

then be added gradually and wet mixing continued for at least one minute. Care shall be taken not to add more water than that which

impurities. The dimension of each stone measured perpendicular to the face of the pitching shall not be less than 225mm. The exposed

shall bring the mortar to the consistency of a stiff paste. Wet mix from the mixer shall be unloaded on water-tight masonry platform,

face of each stone shall not be less than 0.02sqm in area.

made adjacent to the mixer. Platform shall be at least 150mm above the leveled ground, to avoid contact of surrounding earth with the

Stone shall be hand placed with closed joints on a layer of gravel or crushed stone to a minimum finished thickness of 225mm or

mix. Size of the platform shall be such that it shall extended at least 300mm around the loaded wet mix area. Wet mix, so, prepared shall

otherwise as shown on the diagrams.

be utilized within initial setting time of cement (thirty [30] minutes foe ordinary Portland cement conforming to IS: 269) after addition of

The sides of stones shall be roughly trimmed with a spalling hammer to obtain a reasonably close fit and the intertices filled with clean

water. Mixer shall be cleaned with water each time before suspending the work.

coarse aggregate or gravel well rammed and wedged with spalls. The finished pitching shall show an even surface to the lines and

8.2.3 Dressing

levels shown in the diagram.

Stone shall be hammer dressed on the face, the sides and the beds to enable it to come in proximity with the neighboring stone. The

8.2.9 POINTING

“bushing� (projection) on the face shall not be more than 40mm on an exposed face and 19mm on the face to be plastered. It shall not

The joints of masonry shall be raked at least 12mm deep whilst the mortar is green and not later than 48 hours of time of laying. The

have depression more than 10mm from the average wall surface. It shall also conform to the general requirements for dressing of

dust shall them be brushed out of the joints and the wall washed with water. The mortar shall be of specified mix. Mortar shall be filled 25

into joints and well pressed with special steel trowels. The joints shall not be touched again after it has once begun to set. The joints of the pointed work shall be neat. The lines shall be regular and uniform in breadth and the joints shall be raised, flat, sunk or “V� as may be directed. No false joints shall be allowed. The work shall be kept wet for a week after the pointing is complete. Whenever coloured pointing has to be done, the colouring pigment of the colour required shall be added to cement in such proportion as recommended by the manufacturer and as approved by the Contractor.

9. Painting: 1. For external paint, Contractor will thoroughly clean and wash the existing cement painted wall surfaces before starting paint at no extra cost.

2. Contractor's quoted rates will include cleaning the entire surface making full use of all mechanical tools by manual chipping and wire brushing and cleaning with sand paper/broom to remove loose rust 3. Minor repairs (like repairing broken edges of walls, filling depressions etc.) with POP/wall care putty) will be carried out by contractor before starting painting work, at no extra cost. Same will be accounted for in his quoted rates.

4. All the surface should be thoroughly dusted down before applying primer. The cleaned surface shall not be kept exposed to atmosphere for more than two hours (Particularly at night time when humidity percentage is more in atmosphere).

5. Conveyance, delivery, handling unloading, storing, waste, protective cover and cleaning stains from floors walls, glass panes etc.

6. The approved quality, make & shade of paint shall be maintained by the Contractor throughout the work.

7. The covering capacity ratio with respect to quantity of paint should be strictly adhered to by the Contractor as per specification. For any lapse / deficiency in this regard, a suitable deduction shall be made from the contractor's bill.

8. The contractor shall adhere to paint manufacturers instruction strictly and all coats shall be of uniform thickness as specified.

9. Before pouring into smaller containers for use, the paint shall be stirred thoroughly in its container, when applying also the paint shall be continuously stirred in the smaller containers so that its consistency is kept uniform. Dilution ratio of paint with potable water can be altered taking into consideration the nature of surface climate and as per recommended dilution given by manufacturer. In all cases, the manufacturer's instructions & directions of the Engineer-in- charge shall be followed meticulously.

10.The lids of paint drums shall be kept tightly closed when not in use as by exposure to atmosphere the paint may thicken and also be kept safe from dust.

11. No hair marks from the brush or clogging of Paint puddles in the corners of panels, angles of Mouldings etc. shall be left on the work.

12.The painting shall be laid on evenly and smoothly by means of crossing and laying off, the latter in the direction of the grains of wood.

The crossing and laying off consists of covering the area over with Paint, brushing the surface hard for the first time over and then brushing alternately in opposite direction, two or three times and then finally brushing lightly in a direction at right angles to the same. In this process, no brush marks shall be left after the laying off is finished. The full process of crossing and laying off will constitute one coat.

13.Paints and thinners leave vapors which are inflammable. Hence, adequate precautions shall be taken in the form of screens, covers etc against fire while painting, mixing of painting work is in progress.

14.Drying Time: The time gap of 4 hours for each coat of paint is the minimum and if any deviation becomes necessary due to any reason, paint manufacturers shall be consulted and their instructions followed only with the approval of the site-in-charge.

15.The use of thinners shall be limited strictly to the paint manufacturer's instructions. Each coat of primer and finishing coats shall be applied only after ensuring that the paint is free from dew or moisture and the surface is hard dry and free from dust.

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Working Drawing - 1

Working Drawing - 2