VOICE
北美留学生杂志
The Ultimate Roommate Problem
THE GREAT WALL
Yes Means Yes!
“THAT GAME IS UP.” —MITCH DANIELS, CAPTAIN OF TEAM PURDUE
我所见到的 第一个传奇
KRANNERT
创始人朱永棠
太奇葩了 这些课
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P is for Purdue, P is for Chinese Student Voices Dear students, Welcome to Purdue and to the Fall 2013 semester! As the largest international student group on campus, Chinese students make up a significant portion of our student body, representing one out of every ten students. Your role on campus is important, not only because you have worked very hard to get here, traveling far from your families and homes, but also because you bring a new perspective to our student body. In the global economy in which we now live and work, international experiences are a crucial component of a college education. You and your colleagues are at the heart of this phenomenon, and I applaud the hard work and perseverance that have brought you to West Lafayette. In addition, our domestic students benefit greatly from meeting and interacting with our many international students, including you, our Chinese students. Your unique experiences and perspectives, but most importantly your VOICE, are things we celebrate at Purdue. Best wishes for a successful and productive semester! Sincerely, Mitchell E. Daniels Jr. President
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Editor's Letter be a VOICE, not an ECHO “In order to be irreplaceable, one has to be different” said Coco Chanel once, the greatest figure to me in fashion history. Channel was different in her crowd, international students are different in theirs. Air dropped to the U.S. campuses, international students experience culture shock everyday. Thinking we are only outsiders trying to see what is inside, some of us do not wish or are intimidated to step in. But don’t close the door of communication yet. It took us a lot of hard work at high school back in our countries, a considerable amount of money and great courage to get where we are now. Multiculturalism is one of the most cherished values of U.S.colleges. Now that you are inside of it, why not take advantage? After all where else other than here can you find a friend from Syria to ask about the situation in Syria in person, a German to ask if there are really highways without speed limit if you are an automobile freak, or a group of Americans passionate about football games if you are interested to get to know the game? Every culture is different, yes, and that is exactly why each of them is of irreplaceable value. In a country where being multi-cultural and open minded is a matter of pride, opening the doors of communication might benefit you immensely in terms of enhancing your knowledge of the word and widening your horizon. But even after the door is opened, the distances between cultures might sometimes still look unbridgeable. “I don’t think I will ever be completely like one of them” you might have said to yourselves many times. For those of you, here is silver lining: you don’t have to be. It can be hard to be a voice when surrounded by a bigger crowd, but you must speak up regardless so that you do not regret later. If you hate binge drinking, don’t do breakfast club; If you like Chinese food, make them and invite neighbors. If somebody misunderstands your culture, kindly explain to them what it is; if anybody ridicules your people, stand up for yourselves immediately. Every culture has its own beautiful hue and an authentic aura that is irreplaceable. As we share and communicate them, they all add up to an interesting picture of our world that would be very different from our previous monotonous and monochromatic worldview. There is nothing wrong with being who you are, you are just who are and you don’t have to mold yourself into something other than who you are just to fit in better. Camouflaging yourself will not make others embrace and respect you. On the contrary it will only bore them, and it will ultimately bore yourself as well. Finally, I’d like to share with you a short quote that always helps me get through difficult times. It is from Peggy Olsen, a character in popular TV show Mad Man. Peggy, the “outsider girl” who starts off as a nobody-knows secretary makes it all the way to a partner in a Madison Avenue advertising company in the racist and sexist 1960s. The hostile environment that Peggy lives in is extremely difficult for her, but she assures a worried elder woman that she knows what she is capable of: “... And I'm not scared of any of this... But you're scared. Oh my god, you're scared. Don't worry about me. I am going to get to do everything you want for me. I am going to be fine, Olive. I really am." Be a voice, not an echo. You are going to get to do everything you want.
Jessica
Zimeng Guo Chief Editor
Statics 2013美国 年美国就业率最高的本科 专业： 会计专业 53% 商业管理专业 44% 经济学和金融学专业 45% 医学专业 42%
1. 尽管她的梦想搁浅,但我们想鼓励那些和令子有着同样的雄心和梦想、希望让 世界变得更美 好的人们继续前行。 ——波士顿爆炸事件遇难者吕令子的家人在公开信中说
2013 美国大学毕业起薪专业排名： 工科：6.3万美元 计算机科学：6万美元 商科：5.4万美元 通信：4.3万美元 数学和科学：4.27万美元 教育：4万美元 人文和社会科学：3.7万美元
2. 我们很多人期望能通过出国得到什么质的飞跃,就像我们很多人期望 能通过婚姻或者 爱情给自己的生活带来极大的改观。 ————新浪博友 for 失落的留学梦
3. 中国的空气不如美国,但是空气是可以改变的, 中国的改变需要这一些受过西方教育 的人的积极参与和贡献。
2013 美国大学奖学金发放比例排
——《留学在美国vs工作在美国》
名： Belhaven University (Jackson, MS) 88% Newbury College (Brookline, MA) 82% Ferrum College (Ferrum, VA) 79% Cooper Union New (York, NY) 68% Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering (Needham, MA) 62%
4. 你们远渡重洋去深造不是去吵架,更不是去做五毛,用自己的努力改变自 己,改变中国,就 没人敢瞧不起你,哪怕你依然是土鳖。 ——新浪微博 for 《中国合伙人》 5. 年轻的时候,我们在做些什么呢?为GPA奋战,为找实习而奔波,更想在加 州温暖的午后, 邂逅一个同样温暖的恋人。 ——伯克利非诚勿扰宣传微电影《毕业了,我们分手么?》
10万： 女性毕业后最高薪专业为药
剂学制药学和管理(Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Sciences and Administration), 平均年收入10万美金。
6. 如果你有梦想,一定要努力追寻,不管你几岁,不论你在哪,不管要多久。
19世纪中叶加州淘金热后，1882年 美国国会正式通过“排华法案”(Chinese Exclusion Act)，直至1965年美 国国会通过新移民法，规定移民名额 将以国家为主，全球平衡。新法开启 了华人大规模移民美国的新浪潮 。
——耿凯天 大型美国留学生纪录片《Us》制片人,导演
7. 美 国 人 永 远 也 不 可 能 明 白 , 中 国 的 英 雄 是 可 以下跪的, 甚至从跨下钻过! ————《中国合伙人》
对中国学生录取通知书发放率高达 25%的10所美国大学： 俄亥俄州立大学 密歇根大学 普渡大学 伊利诺伊大学香槟分校 斯坦福大学 明尼苏达大学 德克萨斯农工大学 宾夕法尼亚州立大学 佛罗里达大学 南加州大学
5.
6.
3,4.
VOICE 27
01
校长来信
03
主编来信
04 VOICE
V Problem 06 The Great Wall
Especially when trying to live under the same roof, a “Great Wall” was then established between American and Chinese roomates.
10 留学生,毕业生,我们何去何从 留学毕业生,站在人生的路口,面对无数的选择,他们，将何去何从？
16 Yes Means Yes!
If you wake up the next morning to your roommate screaming that the guy had raped her, what could you tell the police?
22
V People 22
我所见到的第一个传奇 —Krannet创始人朱永棠先生 用“传奇”形容老先生一生都毫不为过。作为一个教授，他著作等身； 作为一个梦想家，他一手创立了Krannet管理学院。
27 Mitch Daniels, Captain of Team Purdue
06
“A lot was said and written about, you know, would a person coming from WHERE I DID, have trouble adjusting-I dont’t think so”--Mitch Daniels
V View 35
太奇葩了这些课！ VOICE为您奉上我们独家调查采访后整理出来的普渡奇葩课一览表!
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An Oriental Thought, for a true Asian Century!
“Asian Century” can be realized by building new institutions, capable of harnessing our indigenous capabilities in the realm of science, technology&philosophy, drawing inspiration from the achievements of our civilization.
10 47
罗姐 2011年8月，下了最大的决心罗姐冒险赌上一切把女儿送去留学预科 班。一切都突然出现了转机豁然开朗。
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V Problem
The Great Wall By John Hermes, Xin Hou
D
ating back centuries ago, in the Qin Dynasty, Chinese people built a wall spanning over 2,000 miles along its northern boundary called the Great Wall, to protect its people and culture from the Mongol invaders. Being passively protected for thousands of years, Chinese people have developed a comparatively conservative mindset towards new things. Whereas, when thirteen colonies declared their independence from the British Empire, thousands of American soldiers stood up and even gave their lives to win over their freedom and independence to establish a new country. Since then, the continuous effort to actively fight for American dreams has been rooted into every American heart. Transcending through time, these two long-developed mindsets finally meet and collide when Americans and Chinese come together in American universities, creating sparks of intercultural communications, as well as misunderstandings. Especially when trying to live under the same roof, a “Great Wall” was then established between American and Chinese roommates. Today VOICE magazine sets out to investigate four common reasons—cultural differences, social life differences, and differences in study habits--which resemble the bricks the “Great Wall.” We hope to help Purdue Students have a better understanding on the issue and help them break the “wall” down one “brick” at a time. So, here we go!
(We have sent out 50 surveys to American students with Chinese roommates to find out, from an American’s perspective, what’s going on under their roof.) 6
V Problem
Brick #1: Cultural Differences Eye Contact “Chinese people try not to make eye-contact with strangers because there are people all around you in China, they try to ignore strangers.” CHN: “One old Chinese saying goes “eyes are windows to one’s heart”. It is normally considered disrespectful in Chinese culture to stare at someone’s eyes. In crowded situations, Chinese people tend to avoid eye contact to give them privacy.” AMN: “Americans prefer making constant eye contact because, when talking, eye contact shows that they are comfortable with them and that they are telling the truth. Also, acknowledging someone’s presence can be done through proper eye contact.”
Gender Roles “My roommate thinks, women are supposed to do all the ironing and cooking for men.” CHN: “Some Chinese people have very traditional views in terms of individual roles in the household. Although this point of view has been prevailing for many years in China, most people now believe that men and women are equal in society.” AMN: “In America, gender discrimination or sexism is a huge issue and is heavily looked down upon. People who carry these thoughts are not often welcomed in everyday society.”
Privacy “My roommate is very hesitant to talk about personal issues and only opens up when I talk first.” CHN: “Chinese people don’t open themselves until they see you as friends. Don’t expect them to tell you all their personal issues without knowing them for months. Well, sometimes it also depends on one’s own personality. But in general, we do not want everyone to know about our personal issues.” AMN: “The ability to make connections with Americans is quite easy. Typically, Americans become friends with people who have similar interests like sports, movies, games, and hobbies. After meeting each other, the friendship can easily continue and branch off into another direction.”
Brick #2: Social Life Differences Greeting “Chinese people greet each other with ‘have you eaten’ instead of ‘how are you’.” CHN: “In old times, when famine was common, if people met in the street, asking whether they had eaten was a friendly and polite way to show their concerns for each other. Nowadays, in China, food is still an important part in people’s daily life. The long-developed dining culture plays a big role in people’s social life.” AMN: “Food is not really a culture, but a necessity. American’s tend to have very hectic lifestyles; so many Americans have adopted and started to eat more things on the go, ignoring the significance of socializing and eating together.”
Sleep Schedules “My roommate sleeps a lot during mid-day and I find it hard to get stuff done tiptoeing around.” CHN: “ According to the traditional Chinese medicine philosophy, taking a nap is good for human body to restore energy. Most Chinese kids were even “forced” to take a nap in kindergarten. So with that being said, taking a nap in the mid-day may be many Chinese students’ living habit.” 7
V Problem
AMN: “Napping is a very typical daytime thing for Americans. Although we don’t consider it to be a medically beneficial, we are just tired.”
Communication “My Asian roommate doesn’t engage me in conversation, and if I talk to her I feel like she doesn’t want to talk to me.”; “My past American roommate is more outgoing.”; “My roommate plays games all the time and he doesn’t want to talk to me.” CHN: “Some people are introvert, while others are extrovert. That is more about one’s own personality. Also, many Chinese students struggle to find common interests with their American roommates. Due to the language barrier, Chinese students find American roommates lack the patience to listen to them, making it uncomfortable to start conversations.” AMN: “Especially under tight living conditions, Americans tend to engage in light conversation to break the ice, learn a little about their roommate, and discuss day to day events. Although, Americans take being ignored as rude.”
Brick #3: Differences in Study Habbits Language Barrier “Because of the difficulty she has translating English words, she is up all hours of the night studying and is sometimes distracting when trying to sleep.” CHN: “Language is probably one of those biggest barriers standing in Chinese students’ way. Regardless of our TOEFL score (Test of English as a Foreign Language), we still have trouble listening and comprehending the English language. To catch up with fast-paced conversations and lectures, Chinese students have to put in extra hours to achieve good grades.” AMN: “Americans understand that English is hard to learn and even harder to become fluent. But, we find those Chinese that interact more with Americans, tend to have better English skills. Don’t worry we won’t bite.”
Time Management “She really didn’t talk much or want to do anything because she spent the majority of her time studying.” CHN: “The majority of Chinese students have chosen to study in the U.S. because of the significantly greater success graduates have here. It is understandable that many students spend much time studying because of what they have set out to do. Not to mention, being hard working has been highly valued in Chinese society for a long time.” AMN: “Most Americans are hard working, but we often work off deadlines. Also, it isn’t American culture but we procrastinate very often.”
Teamwork “My roommate and I are in the same class but he doesn’t really like helping me with my homework.” CHN: “Ever since childhood, Chinese people have learned to advocate helping others. They view helping others as an obligation of friendship. If they consider you as a friend, they would generally give a hand; however, they will expect you to help them out when they need it too.” AMN: “Typically in college, Americans like to work together and delegate work among their teammates to save time and have better results. Also, in most job settings, group work and team collaboration are encouraged, so we try to practice while in college.” 8
V Problem
American Responses:
Chinese Responses:
1. Learn to relax a little bit and open up, if you show interest in learning about American culture, we will surely inquire about Chinese culture.
1. Hear me out, English is my second language. It’s hard to argue with you.
2. Talk to your roommates, they’re lonely. 3. Seriously, don’t be nervous about your language skills, our Chinese isn’t good either. 4. Clean up your stinkin’ mess. 5. Go to bed at night, you crazy night owl. 6. Can you not be so loud when you eat food? Also, eat with your mouth closed, please.
2. Do not make fun of my food, it’s part of my culture. 3. Learn some Chinese too. Even a few simple words lets us know you are making an effort to be friendly. 4. Generally speaking, Chinese culture is more reserved. It takes time for us to open up and befriend others. 5. Let’s have an acceptable room temperature for both of us. 6. Ask us to cook REAL Chinese food for you; and don’t forget to cook American food for us as well. 7. Invite me to go back home with you for some American holidays. 8. If you do not understand something, ask and do not just give us a weird look. 9. Do not to be too loud! 10. Hang out with my friends sometimes!
With a better understanding of each other’s culture and habits, we will further provide some practical tips needed to give roommates some guidance. At the end of our survey, we asked the question to American students with Chinese roommates, “what is the one thing that you wish your roommate would change?” Although in the end, the wall is only as sturdy as the builder makes it. But, once enough bricks are removed, “The Great Wall” will come down. It will take collaboration between both American and Chinese students to find that happy medium, where we can all finally live in harmony. Afterwards, we can pick up those “bricks” and build a comfortable, well-built home where all Purdue University students can learn, grow, and have fun together.
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V Problem
留 学 生 毕 业 生 我们 何去 何 从 撰文 _ 蓝官李庆
四年前，我们怀揣着各式各样的留学梦，远离故乡， 坐上了前往美利坚的飞机。 我们第一次踏上了梦想中的土地， 却发现电影里的高楼大厦 和车水马龙被成片的玉米地取代； 原以为不错的英语在金发碧眼的同学面前变成结巴； 也逐渐明白，留学，并没有想象中的那样潇洒简单。 四年以后，他们频繁地穿梭于校园招聘会会场，在 仅有的几家招聘国际生的展台前排队； 他们焦头烂额地在期中期末间隙， 准备 GRE 或 GMAT， 在几个月后，更加焦急地等待 OFFER。 我们承载着比国内学生更为沉重的家庭期待，即将 毕业的他们不敢懈怠。可比国内更甚的就业压力与 依然存在的语言障碍，动摇着他们的信心。是留美 还是回国？ 是申研还是工作？ 留学毕业生，站在人生的路口，面对无数的选择， 我们，将何去何从？ 10
V Problem
Picture from Internet
11
V Problem
我要留在美国找工作
次和家长协调后，小马转入管理学院，学习就业机会相对较大的 会计。虽然这意味着要另外花将近三年的时间在本科学习上（也
来自广东的小马给我们算了一笔帐，普渡每年的学费大约是
意味着更多的花费），小马依然认为这是当时最好的出路。“当
28000 美元，每个月房租加生活费至少 1000，就按一年 10 个
时，我意识到三年前有一个决定是错误的，虽然可以得过且过地
月在美国算，一年的生活费是 10000 美元。这样一相加，一年
继续在这个错误的方向上走下去，但是长远地看，我应该下决心
至少需要 38000 美元。四年下来，花费在 15 万美元左右。而实
去纠正它。”
际上，小杨表示，他一年的花费在五万美元左右。 “有时候一 些社交活动是难免的，比如一帮好朋友出去旅游，你说想省钱不
小马在就业时面临的问题，更多的是专业上的不对口。而国际留
去，就扫他们兴了。” 按小马的计算，完成四年本科学位的花费，
学生的特殊身份和语言问题，是更为普遍的中国留学生在美寻找
是 20 万美元，约 125 万人民币。这 125 万人民币，相当于小马
工作时遇到的障碍。小马认为，在美国，确实有很多时候，用人
母亲十年的工资。“我家庭条件不算差，可留学的这笔开支，依
单位会考虑到录用国际学生时需要办理的繁琐手续而不考虑录用
然是一个非常庞大的数字。在父母眼里，高投入，当然要意味着
国际生。但更多时候，是许多中国学生的英语让自己被用人单位
高产出。
拒之门外。对于专业性比较强的 CS，EE 专业，也许专业能力能 够较好地弥补语言上的缺陷；而对于管理，传播这一类文科专业，
小马面对的问题，在许多留学生身上都能找到共鸣。根据中国
没有好的沟通能力，用人单位在英语母语的应聘者可选时，为什
留学发展报告， “2000 年至 2011 年，中国海外留学生总数为 191.13 万，自费留学人数占 91.3%，达到 174.57 万人” 。与此 同时，不像一些国内媒体报道的，留学生都是些没心没肺的富二 代；多数留学生，来自于条件中上的工薪阶层或小企业主家庭。 为了让孩子拥有更好的未来，父母们用多年积蓄甚至是借贷，送 孩子出国求学。“到了快毕业的时候，我试图和我爸妈沟通，告 诉他们美国的工作并不好找。他们并不理解，还吵了好几次。说 实话，我倒挺能理解他们的，他们送我出国就是为了能够相较于 国内的学生更有优势，为了这个他们花费了半辈子的积蓄。而我 告诉他们，回国，不行，留在美国，找不到工作。他们愤懑是应 该的。”小马说完又无奈地笑了笑。
当记者问道为什么说回国不行的时候，小马回答道：“庸俗一点 来说，你花的是美元，回国以后赚的是人民币，怎么都赚不回来。 而且有那么多的留学生回国；家里没有关系，和我资历一样的人 又多，怎么能够找到好工作？” 对于小马而言，他能想到的最 理想的毕业去向就是在美国找到一份不错的工作，用他的话说， 工作几年后，把留学成本赚回来，然后才能放心决定是回国还是 留美。 Picture from Wang Hao
小马的想法反应了目前的留学现状。与大学扩招导致就业困难一 样，留学热也导致了归国留学生由“抢手”变为“滞销”。这一 变化的直接表现，就是海归在国内的工资。根据启德国际教育研
Voice: 对想留在美国工作的学弟学妹有什么建议吗？
究院发布的《2012 海归就业力调查报告》称，中国海归回国后
小马：“我认为对于要留在美国工作的中国学生而言，最为重要的准备，还是英语。
第一份工作年薪普遍不高，其中 36.5% 起薪不足 4 万元，67.2%
虽然许多留学毕业生在美国生活近四年，但由于社交局限于中国人，英语口语并没
起薪不足 6 万元。
有他们出国前设想的那样进步。在寻找工作的时候，因为口语的原因，许多拥有很 好专业能力的中国学生，连面试机会都难以获得。所以我希望学弟学妹们能在关心 GPA 的同时，也主动地，刻意地去锻炼自己的英语。刚开始如果不敢和美国同学搭
小马是六年前来到普度的，原本就读于文理学院古典系的他在大 三快结束时，在穿梭于各类招聘会与网上投递简历失败后，意识 到： 一个中国人，学的古罗马史，毕业就意味失业。于是在多
12
讪，可以多和教授交流。一定要给自己一些压力，压迫自己去融入英语的环境。另外， 我希望学弟学妹能利用大学的时间看一些比较有深度的闲书。虽然没有短期的作用， 但坚持下来，对提高自己的素养和见解有很大帮助。而这两样，决定了你在不论是 中国还是美国的职场上，能走多远。”
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么会选择一名连解释 RESUME 都会结巴的中国毕业生呢？
目前，小马已经找到了拉法叶当地一家房地产公司的工作。 古 典系练就的熟练英语和不俗谈吐，加上金融会计技能，让小马在
我要留在美国读研究生 与小马不同，小李毕业后的第一选择是继续在美国读研究生。小 李是两年前由中国农业大学转学到普渡的，专业为经济学。
工作中如鱼得水。他表示，有信心不让父母这额外的三年“投资” 小李坦言，当初留学是一个冒失的决定，“我在中国农大时，在
打水漂。
学校主页上看见有一个联合培养项目。觉得去美国很洋气的样子， 加上身边好多同学都报名了，我就头脑一热报了名”。由于家庭 条件一般，小李原本的打算是完成本科后就工作，但同样是学校 的招聘会，让小李认识到了“理想与现实”的差距：“我去过几 次 Career fair, 每次仅有 4-5 家公司能接受国际学生。经济学专 业又没有什么具体的专业技能，我的英语又仅仅是 Fair 的水平， 所以，我都被礼貌地拒绝了”。小李认为，两年的美国生活，对 于全面提升一个人的英语水平还是太短。同时，由于经济学理论 性偏强，本科阶段的学习，并不足以解决一些应用问题。于是， 读研究生，顺理成章。
小李介绍道：“要不要读研究生的决定，得在大三下的暑假完 成。 然后就开始准备 GRE，写文书这些事情了。一般来说，大 四的第一个学期是申请的关键时期，第二个学期，就默默地等 着 OFFER 了。”在大四的第一个学期，小李才刚刚升入 UPPER DIVISION（专业课学习，一般学生大三开始时进入），由于需 要在 2013 年春季毕业，小李不得不在那个学期修了 7 门专业课。 普渡马不停蹄的考试和各种 DUE，使得申请进行地很缓慢。“我 觉得那个时候，根本就没有时间去准备 GRE 考试。带过来一堆 GRE 的书，最后一点都没看。 更没有时间去弄个人陈述这些东 西了。” 令人欣慰的是，小李还是完成了申请，尽管在她看来， 她本可以做得更好的。
选择在美国继续深造的留学生，除了准备申请，一定会经历一个 更为艰难的过程，那就是等待结果。小李用了两个字形容这个过 程：煎熬。“我每天反复地查我的邮箱，上课也查。想看见又害 怕看见学校的来信。等待的过程里，我什么决定都不能做，不能 买机票，不能定暑假行程。申的学校只有三所，因为害怕所有学 Picture from Ziyun Ding
Voice：对选择读研究生的学弟学妹有什么建议吗？ 小李：“其实本科阶段在美国，已经是一个很大的优势了。所以，学弟学妹在申请时， 可以胆子大一些，申请一些名校。在具体步骤方面，越早准备越好。除了准备ＧＲ Ｅ，ＧＭＡＴ考试、文书以外，尽早发现自己的兴趣所在，对于申请一所适合自己
校都阵亡，我还跑到 AD 那给自己加了个专业。这样即使被拒了， 也能留在美国，从长计议。”在采访时已经收到 Offer 的小李笑 着回忆这段经历，她认为，这是一段比等待高考出分更“蛋疼” 的经历。
的学校也是很重要的。作为反例，我一直到今年的一月份，都没有确定自己想学的 方向。而很多好的学校在去年１２月份就截止了。同时，选择一个自己真正喜欢的 专业，才能很自然地写出ＳＴＲＯＮＧ的ＰＳ，也能够很自然地在研究生毕业以后
“千万不要以为拿到 Offer 就万事大吉了，拿到 Offer 以后，你
找到一份专业对口的工作或继续深造。对比本科，研究生毕业以后，从事和专业不
还得经历一番煎熬。”小李笑着说。由于美国大学的录取要求较
对口的工作时，机会成本会大许多。所以，希望学弟学妹一定要慎重选择研究生专
为多元，而文书准备的主观性较强，所以录取结果有时会出人意
业。 还有一些心态上的建议，我希望学弟学妹在决定自己毕业去向时，一定要确定， 自己选择了一条会让自己真正开心的路。不要迫于周围同学的压力，去走一条自己 不喜欢的路。”
料。“你会觉得一些不如你的同学进了牛校牛专业，你不知道他 们是怎么办到的。你得说服自己，不要羡慕，更不要嫉妒。 要
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V Problem
相信每个人都有不为人知的闪光点，每个人也有自己的路。”小
汪说，“就我而言，在美国学习的具体专业知识，事实上用处不
李告诉记者，在申请研究生时，不断地调整心态非常重要。
太大；而蕴含在具体知识之下的经济哲学思维，我相信会让我受 用终身”。
我要回国为祖国做贡献
当谈起在美国的生活究竟给他带来了什么时，小汪认为没有经历 过国内高中教育是一个遗憾，但同时也使得他比较国内一些应试
与留在美国的小马与小李不同，毕业自美国凯斯西储大学会计专
教育出来的学生少了许多拘束。在美国生活学习的经历，使他在
业的小汪，在完成四年本科学业以后，毅然决然地离开美国，来
工作上有了不一样的眼光，眼界与思维。小汪还笑称：“至少偶
到中国上海，开始了他的职业之路。
尔蹦出几句英语的时候还是觉得自己挺先进的。”
小汪开玩笑说：“师夷长技以制夷，长技已经到手，自然要回国 了。”
Voice: 对于毕业想回国发展的学弟学妹有什么建议吗？ 小汪：“ 我自认为不是浪漫主义的人。作为一个商人的后代，我很明白唯有物质 能够证明存在。并不是满怀激情地回国，激昂地喊几声，就能实现个人的价值和报 效祖国的。我希望学弟学妹们，能够在很扎实地学习知识的同时，不要疏忽了关注
从高中开始就在美国求学的小汪，始终认为美国并不是他的最终
国内的民生动向和政策财经。要让自己成为能够创造价值和财富的人。初回国工作 时，要谦虚谨慎，不要觉得自己是留学生有多了不起。国内就业形势一年比一年严
目的地，对这片土地，也没有归属感。“美国有许多非常吸引人
峻，海归并不一定能找到称心的工作。所以，希望学弟学妹们不要在意起步的高低。
的地方，比如国内已经很少见的蓝天，又比如微笑为陌生人开门
要坚信，在美国的那些没完没了地熬夜，赶ＤＵＥ，和用结巴英语勇敢地与美国人
的公民素质；可是我每次看见这些时，想到的只有，要是这番美
Argue 的经历，一定是有价值有意义的。最后，我还是希望能有越来越多的留学生 能够回国，和我一起做【浪漫的现实主义者】。”
景和和谐的气氛在中国有多好！”。 爱开玩笑的小汪说，“怪 只怪小时候太单纯，爱国主义教育都深入骨髓了：看见不好的， 就想到如何完善自己的祖国；看到中国一些让人忧心的现象，想 的还是怎么让她变好。见美国贤思齐焉，见祖国不贤而内自省也 嘛。总之，不管美国多好，也不管中国目前有多不足，我都会回 中国。”
另一方面，小汪也坦言，选择毕业回国，除了感情上面的原因—— 回国报效祖国的爱国情感，也有现实方面的考虑。
“从宏观上考虑，中国的经济正在腾飞，拥有无限的可能。而美 国已经处于比较稳定的发展阶段，感觉空间并不大。”小汪还认 为，在美国的 7 年生活，让他感受到至少作为他个人，是很难融 入美国的“主流群体”的。不愿意在美国成为少数群体的小汪坚 信，在太平洋另一边的祖国是他大展宏图的地方。另外，小汪也 坦言，不错的家庭条件，给了他回国闯一闯的勇气。小汪说：“如 果我家庭条件一般，也许还是会脚踏实地的在美国找一个工作，
后记：
工作几年再回国吧。” 三位受采访人的去向代表了美国留学毕业生的几种典型去向，他们的思
小汪的想法与《2012 海归就业力调查报告》的数据相一致。据
维也反映了留学毕业生的典型思维。笔者希望采访典型的人，挖掘典型
该报告称，海龟归国后的第一份工资，与是否有海外工作经验有
的话，可与越多人交谈后，越明白——典型只是一种相对存在。每个毕
巨大关系。没有海外工作经验的海龟，第一份工作的起薪为每年
业生都有自己不同的考虑，都有自己独特的盘算。就像走到了一条条相
4-6 万元居多。而拥有一年海外工作经验以后，起薪平均为每年 18 万元。有三年海外工作经验以后，平均起薪高达每年 30 万元。
似平行跑道的尽头，他们面对的是一片没有边际的草原。在这草原上， 他们可以飞翔，可以奔跑，可以冥想，可以做出各式各样的没有框架的 选择。而相同的，是初见“草原”时的迷茫与不知所措， 也是相信最终 会走出自己的路的坚定。作为结尾，请容笔者杂糅一下徐志摩的诗句和
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已经在上海工作了半年的小汪，在接受电话采访时，正在广州出
《死亡诗社》的著名台词：我不知道风往哪个方向吹，但是我知道我要：
差。“每天都非常忙，因为是新人，所以有很多东西要学，”小
Seize the day.
V Problem
Picture from Muting Wang
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V Problem
College student binge drinking + date rape Fact:
The use of alcohol, like other forms of drugs, is learned in various social settings. This learning involves both skills and attitudes to using drugs. That’s to say, peer influence is a key factor for college students’ binge drinking behaviors. College students are the most vulnerable to rape during the first few weeks of freshman and sophomore years. Hoping to be accepted, the newcomers usually join the drinking culture on U.S campuses. Even if they know they are under age and cannot handle the liquor, it’s always difficult to say no to a tray of “Jell-O shot” that’s been passing around in the basement of a fraternity party. The next scene that most likely happens is someone wakes up in a stranger’s bed, wondering whether last night was a mistake or “an affair to remember”. The majority of date-rape victims are women, but male also could victims.
YES
MEANS
YES By Zimeng Guo
YES
MEANS
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YES
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5 drinks in a row for men or 4 drinks
for women—definition of binge drinking
44 percent of college student had
engaged in binge drinking at least once in the past month.
S
S
474,000 students claimed that they
had unprotected sex After alcohol had skewed their judgment
100,000 cases of date rape hap-
pen every year.
<5% College women who are vic-
tims of rape or attempted rape report it to police.
Haven’t we all been there?
Fewer than 5 percent of college women who are victims of
When you were trying to go to bed at eleven o’clock for an
rape or attempted rape report it to police. Low reporting en-
early Saturday workout the next day, and your neighbor was
sures that few victims receive adequate help, most offenders
having a party, loud enough to wake up the dead. Angry as
are neither confronted nor prosecuted, and colleges are left
you were, there was nothing you can do about it. You cannot
in the dark about the extent of the problem. It’s not hard to
bust up the party that half of your grade is in, nor can you tell
deduce why these victims prefer not to talk about their night-
them partying on a Friday night was a bad idea. You had a
mares, but what lies behind the silence is a bigger question
stressful week and would not mind to get drunk if you could.
for society--gender discrimination. The false attitude of sex-
Three hours later, the noises were gone. Your roommate
ual aggression among our culture, called “rape myth”, denies
crawled back with a guy that she did not know at the begin-
or minimizes victim injury or blames the victims for their own
ning of the night. Her door locked. Something was probably
victimization. Examples are “Women who consent to going
going on behind it. “Typical.” You thought, then you turned
to a man’s apartment also consent to sex,” “women ask for it,”
and go back to sleep.
and “only promiscuous women get raped.” Because women
If you woke up to your roommate’s screaming the next morn-
are subjected to a male-dominated society that supports
ing saying the guy had raped her, what can you tell the po-
rape myths and restrictive beliefs about women’s social roles,
lice? Should this be a crime, even if it probably happened
the fear of “slut-blame” concern most of the rape victims. The
a hundred times last night on your campus? Without any
sex role socialization may encourage women to accept the
doubts, rape in any form should not be tolerated. But when
blame for their own victimization because they are the “gate-
it is linked with college students’ drinking problems and our
keepers” in sexual interactions. In one study, over 40 percent
acknowledged “hook-up” culture, how do we differentiate
of those raped who did not report the incident reasoned that
foolishness from felonies?
they feared reprisal by the assailant or others. 17
V Problem
This kind of victim blame is not some-
pened, and it was just a mistake, we
to campus officials, one of the men she
thing women have imagined. Alex Knep-
were all drunk. And I just chose to put
accused had graduated. The other said
per, a columnist of American University
it there.” Laura said. She focused on her
the sex was consensual. The University
newspaper “Eagle” published an article
schoolwork and kept her grades up but
of Wisconsin took nine months to inves-
called “Dealing With AU’s Anti-Sex Bri-
can’t forget what happened. She couldn’t
tigate, then decided against punishment.
gade” in April 2010. His opinions, both
sleep and she lost weight. Fifteen months
Dunn asked the Department of Educa-
offending and radical, caused a wild dis-
later, when she was sitting in a class, the
tion to find that the university had failed
cussion in American University. “Let’s get
professor was talking about how, in war-
in its responsibility to act promptly and to
this straight: any woman who heads to
time, rape is used as a weapon of terror.
end the sexual harassment she faced be-
an EI [fraternity] party as an anonymous
“And this professor stopped the lecture
ing on campus with her alleged attacker.
onlooker, drinks five cups of the jungle
and said that more than 80 percent of
Department of Education, however, said
juice, and walks back to a boy’s room with
victims stay silent.” said Dunn. She re-
the University of Wisconsin--despite tak-
him is indicating that she wants sex, OK?”
called that the professor said: “I want you
ing nine months on her case--had acted
Knepper is not alone. Under the wildly
to know this has happened in my class to
properly.
debated column, a male student Luke
my students, and there is something you
Shocked by the injustice, Laura is strik-
Turner said that “girls who make mis-
can do about it, and there is someone
ing back. She has become an outspoken
takes are often looking for a scapegoat”
you can talk about it with.” The moment
survivor and advocate regarding campus
and “blame fraternities.” We may all share
that lecture let up, Dunn walked across to
sexual assault. She worked part-time with
men who took her back to a house that
“They clearly are very, very difficult cases to investigate. Usually, there is not a lot of corroborating evidence for one side or the other.”
Promoting Awareness, Victim Empower-
she thought was a quick stop before the
the dean of students’ office and reported.
nonprofit, SurvJustice, publicly speak-
next party. Instead, she says they raped
But justice is not always guaranteed.
ing to raise awareness of campus sexual
her as she passed out without conscious-
Kevin Helmkamp, the associate dean of
assault. To date Laura have spoken out
ness. Back then, Laura had a boyfriend
students at the University of Wisconsin
on NPR, CNN,Time Magazine, CBS News,
she had been dating for four years and
said that sexual assault cases are among
Cosmo, and at Harvard Law. “(From my
they were getting close to marriage. She
the most difficult matters to determine.
case) The message they are sending to
was still a virgin, and had been “waiting”
Helmkamp said. “They clearly are very,
victims,” Dunn said, “is that sexual assault
together with him. She broke up with her
very difficult cases to investigate,” he says.
is not something they take seriously.” As
boyfriend after the incident, neither ever
“It does tend to come down to one per-
a leader in those organizations, Laura is
telling him about the attack nor report-
son saying this
using all courage in her soul to seek for
ing it.
happened and the other person saying,
justice, no matter how much was taken
“I just kind of pushed it to the side, you
no it didn’t happen that way.” In Laura
from her.
know, it’s this bad incident that hap-
Dunn’s case, by the time she reported
The more frequent you get drunk, the
some degree of gender basis that makes us judgmental about the victim in sexual assault cases, but people like Alex Knepper are exactly what’s’ preventing the victims to step forward and speak up. Let’s look at some real-life stories. Laura Dunn stayed quiet about what happened in April 2004 at the end of her freshman year at the University of Wisconsin. That night, Laura drank so much raspberry vodkas that they cut her off at a frat house party. Still, she knew and trusted the two
18
ment (PAVE), a national nonprofit focused on shattering the silence of sexual violence on their national leadership team. Laura also served as their Communications Director and founded their Survivor Justice Campaign, which advocates for sexual assault victims at all stages of the criminal justice process. She has successfully lobbied to pass the Compassionate Care for Rape Victims Bill (2007) in Wisconsin and Jasmine’s Law (2010) in Illinois. Recently she had started her own
V Problem
worse the situation you have put yourself
put him behind the bars. “When people
offenders-and they view the study as an
and others in. For Elton Yarbrough from
drink, their inhibitions are lowered and,
opportunity, essentially, to brag. I know
Texas A&M University, being convicted as
sometimes they have sex with whom
who you are thinking about right now—
a rapist earned him 18 years of jail time,
they wouldn’t normally.” he admitted in
the guy we all know who wouldn’t shut
and buried his future of being an U.S. Air
one interview. Now the ex-economic ma-
up about his ONS romance.
Force officer. It is certainly not fun to be
jor can only do the math of how his drunk
Alcohol consuming leaves some forever
kept in jail, but it doubles the pain if you
behaviors cost him and his position in his
unsolved problems for other victims for
don’t think you deserve it. In Elton Yar-
fraternity, his chance to have a career, a
the rest of their lives. Jessica Gonzalez, a
brough’s case, five women, including four
clean record, and eighteen years of his
22 years old single mother recently lost
female A&M students, testified Yarbrough
best time.
her lawsuit against the De Anza College
raped or sexually assaulted, each said she
On college campuses, repeat predators
baseball players for gang raping her when
passed out or fall asleep after drinking
account for 9 out of every 10 rapes, and
she was 17. After spotting through a win-
and woke to find Yarbrough having sex
alcohol complicated every single one of
dowpane in a door what they described
with her or touching her sexually. Yar-
these rapes. Offenders like Yarbrough are
as a semi-comatose girl lying in vomit,
thing really stupid.”
not rare. There are such a large number of
three members of the De Anza women’s
The apology goes on, but the jury is con-
them on university campuses that our re-
soccer team barged into the room, and
vinced that the victims deserves more.
searchers had given them a name--serial
brought her to the hospital. A grim-faced
At the age of 22, Elton Yarbrough was
rapists. “They are very forthcoming,” sais
civil jury refused to hold the men liable,
thrown in jail for an 18 years sentence
psychologist David Lisak, “In fact, they
nor remedy her a penny for damages.
of felony sexual assault. Subconsciously
are eager to talk about their experiences.
The jury found the defendants not liable
Yarbrough knows that it was alcohol that
They’re quite narcissistic as a group-the
on the sexual assaults by a vote of 12-0.
brough, however, defended himself by drawing a picture of a Friday night on his campus. “You walk around Northgate (one of College Station’s most popular bar areas) you’re going to see a lot of drunk men and women. And then, at the end of the night, you’re going to see a lot of drunk men and women going home together.” Yarbrough also protested: “Pretty much all of them said they were too drunk to remember the details of that night, but the only details they could remember were incriminating against me.” He was found guilty because of a recorded conversation he had with one of the victims two days after the incident over the phone. Yarbrough was recorded to have said: “No I didn’t plan it…I don’t know why...Look, I’m sorry;” “I don’t even know what to say. It was my fault. It’s no excuse but I was drunk. Sorry for making you feel that way;” “I mean, there’s no excuse for anything. I mean, I did some-
19
V Problem
Santa Clara County District Attorney Jeff
served. “These guys were animals. They
Rosen announced his office would not
should be hold accountable. Sure the 17
file criminal charges against any of the of-
years old made a mistake, but they took
fenders. “Sexual assaults involving high-
advantage over her.” “A couple hundred
ly-intoxicated people are extremely diffi-
thousand dollars (would be enough),” he
cult to prove,” said Rosen. As sorry as he
said, “she obviously needs a lot of thera-
is for what had happened to Jessica, he
py.” Rape survivor Lisa Jensen, who fol-
cannot claim the offenders guilty-there
lowed the trial closely and has worked as
are not enough evidences.
a rape-crisis counselor, dubbed the ver-
Jessica was said to have seven vodka
dict “unfair” and said she fears it will dis-
shots, and she had no memory of the
suade women from reporting rape.
evening after her third shot. The juror,
What the District Attorney did was con-
however, believed that she never lost
demning the offenders with a stiff face.
conscious and that she was capable of
Dignity, health, and happiness are tak-
consenting while she was in the bed-
en from all the victims of campus rape
room. Fact was that several men were in
cases. Had they not been drinking heav-
a bedroom engaging in sexual activity
ily, they could skip this chapter in their
with Jessica while she was intoxicated.
lives that is filled with horror and tears.
Other men watched. None of them in
They would not need to be dragged
the bedroom did anything to stop what
through this muddy road of justice seek-
was going on. All of them are intoxicated
ing. They could have made their names
to some degree. An alcohol expert who
in other cases where neither shame nor
reviewed Jessica’s drinking pattern ex-
self-doubting is involved.
plained that her blood alcohol level was
Now that we have learned about the se-
rising while she was in the bedroom and
verity, is there anything we can do? Of
sity, have student escort and shuttle ser-
that it didn’t peak until later in the eve-
course there is. Let’s take a look at the
vices so that students do not have to walk
ning. Jurors believed the men and oth-
steps universities have taken for this prob-
alone on campus late at night. However,
If you can get a girl intoxicated to the point where she’s coming in and out of consciousness, or she’s unconscious — and that is a very, very common scenario — then why would you need a weapon? Why would you need a knife or a gun?” -- David Lisak
when predominantly investing in such approaches, the message to students that the police send is that “real rape” is stranger rape, while acquaintance rape prevention is left to other departments or student organizations. Providing rape aggression defense training is another thing that universities police have tried. Many college public safety departments
er witnesses, who testified that Jessica
lem. Firstly campus police can certainly do
offer women students rape aggression
brought beer to the party, performed a
something. Typically the campus police’s
defense training to increase their ability
public lap dance and invited them in ex-
role in rape prevention consists of provid-
to fend off would-be rapists. Police now
plicit terms to have group sex.
ing self-defense training, doing environ-
commonly includes such training in ac-
There is no use for side-picking since the
mental assessments of outdoor areas vul-
quaintance rape prevention programs,
case will “never be reopened.” Juror mem-
nerable to rape, and recommending the
no longer focusing only on stranger rape.
ber Marc Ancheta said in vein to the cam-
installation of cameras, lights, locks, etc.
Researchers have found that the training
era that he believes justice had not been
Many universities, such as Purdue Univer-
program is too limited to significantly re-
20
V Problem
duce acquaintance rape; not sufficiently
dents can also request a picture of stu-
focused on the most prevalent types of
pid symptoms sent to their cell phones.
This
campus rape, and inadequate for causing
If friends overindulge, students can send
should not and cannot be ignored any
any behavioral change in male students.
them the picture. The same application
longer. Every day, girls like Laura Dann
“Now what?” you said, “What the campus
is also available on Facebook. Other ef-
and boys like Elition Burgton are walking
police does is not working, and it is im-
forts include bar stamps, poker cards and
on university campuses, where we should
possible to ban alcohol from university
coasters with lines like “The Stupid Drink:
gain knowledge, leadership, and life-time
campus parties.” But it’s not just the po-
The quickest way from cool to fool.” As
friendships. The problem of binge drink-
lice officers’ job to keep female student
someone who had been a freshman on
ing and rape does not suggest that our
safe. The university as an institution can
university campus, the logic behind this
generation has low moral standards. It
also do something, for example educa-
campaign seems solid to me. College is
only means that our college students
tional alcohol programs. The lecturers
supposed to be a memorable period of
need to have a better understanding
during orientations are great gestures
our lives, therefore, the last thing every
about social and sexual excitement. His-
representing the universities. How do we
newcomer would want to do, is to come
tory requires us to learn from the victims
get students to listen? How do we talk to
off as “the stupid one” to our new peers.
who have suffered and paid respect to
our audience? In this situation, one strat-
Drinking with friends is a social activi-
them as the future leaders of our society.
egy that I think every university should
ty, and bonding occurs among friends
Real men don’t rape. There is no question
apply, which could significantly reduce
with “hang-out”. By advertising “the stu-
about that.
the chance that lower-class students en-
pid drink”, we can send one clear mes-
gage in unconsent sex, is to apply “the
sage—don’t be the stupid one who ruin
stupid drink” advertisement campaign
the fun. We need to tell our audience
on campus.
that acquaintance rape ruin: friendships,
The idea of “stupid drink” was invented
reputations, GPAs, physical health, men-
by Syracuse University’s S.I. Newhouse
tal health and so forth. This strategy won
School of Public Communications in the
the national AAF advertising competition
American Advertising Federation’s na-
with no doubts.
tional student ad competition. It was
Universities in the U.S. should arrange
originally designed to fight drunk driv-
the application of “the stupid drink” cam-
ing and underage drinking. The brilliant
paign as soon as possible. Binge drink-
advertising campaign points out alcohol
ing and romantic relationships are often
related problem is not drinking but over
shown on TV. Our younger generation
drinking. The original strategies the stu-
can see at any day of the week that some-
dents invented are highly applicable. The
one attractive on TV flirting with a nice,
campaign’s strategy is to “identify and
strong bout of alcohol poisoning: the
stigmatize the one drink” that crosses the
professional lushes on Jersey Shore, of
line. Its online elements include a web-
course, but also the diagnosed alcohol-
site, featuring TV spots and videos. One
ics on Gossip Girls, Mad Men, even the
features Bill Nye, “The Science Guy,” who
kiddies on Skins. Odds ratio is as high as
teaches students about the chemistry of
4.86 between the students who binged
drinking alcohol. Winners of an online
during in the last year of high school
contest will appear as Nye’s assistant in
and the students who engage in college
( Limited by space all the references are
the next viral video. Called The Drinking
binging. As potential freshman gets the
omitted in the article. For a paper with
Institute, the site allows visitors to play
wrong message on TV, it is obvious that
the complete references list please con-
“symptoms of stupid” party games. Stu-
the problem is only going to get worse.
tact writer at guoz@purdue.edu )
seriously
overlooked
problem
21
V People
V People
我所见到的
第一个
传奇
KRANNERT 创始人朱永棠教授 撰文 _ 李罗丹 Photograph by Jing Chen For VOICE
和朱老先生的相识是在学生会的春晚上，虽年事已 高，但每届春晚，朱老先生和他夫人总会挽手而来， 而“老爷爷送红包”的桥段也早已深入人心。每次 老爷爷上台，左右必有学生搀扶，台下的群众们一 边屏住呼吸一边额头冒汗，生怕老人家有个不妥。 对于我们这些久在普渡的学生来说，可以想象春晚 少了相声或者少了小品，但很难想象如果少了朱老 先生，春晚会是怎样的一种情形。 今年三月，我终于有幸在朱老先生的家中与他相见。 两个多小时的谈话 , 朱老先生滔滔不绝，把自己的 精彩而辉煌的一生毫无保留地奉上。用“传奇”形 容老先生的一生都不为过。作为一个教授，他著作 等身；作为一个梦想家，他一手创立了葛兰管理学 院，开创了普渡大学与中国农大的合作项目；作为 一个投资家，他很早就瞄准了拉法叶的地皮，拉法 叶希尔顿宾馆以及联邦公寓平地而起；作为一个经 济学家，他担当福特等多个大型企业的顾问，并为 铁岭市的发展出谋划策；作为一个商人，他将美国 西瓜引进上海，创立了中美示范农场。甚至在退休 之后近二十年，朱老先生依然潜心夏商周历史文化 的研究，刨根寻祖，孜孜不倦。
23
V People
从圣约翰 到哈佛
With all your family background and working experience, you should study business.’”虽然来美国六十余年了，朱教 授依然说着一口海派普通话，甚至还掺杂着一些早已销匿的沪语。 “于是我拿着成绩单和校长的推荐信去申请学校。当时只申请了 哈佛和斯坦福。斯坦福的 Dean 亲自给我回信欢迎我去。后来 哈佛的录取信也来了，但两边一比较，还是决定去斯坦福。”朱 教授的另一个特点是爱笑，无论是照片还是本人，他永远露出一
一个明媚的周六午后，我们驱车来到一处离普渡不远的幽静小区，
副纯洁如孩童般的笑容。
在朱永棠教授戏称为“加州红木屋”的家中遇见了他和他的夫人。
1949 年五月，离上海解放还有两周，前景似乎并不明朗，每
朱老先生九十岁高寿，得知我们的造访欣然不已，而朱夫人则早
个家庭或多或少都张罗着出走的计划。朱先生的父亲当时操持
早准备了茶点。“加州红木屋”曲径通幽，远远望去果然是斜顶
着中国最大的木材进口生意，家里还有八个子女，压力可想而
赤色，在修建得十分齐整的草木下格外映衬。按铃之后，一位拄
知。因叔叔已在香港站稳脚跟，朱永棠便奉劝父亲去香港避避
拐的华发老人为我们开门，在他身后站着的老太太也一身素色打
风头，他和两个哥哥则在上海留守。“我父亲告诉我：‘Your
扮，眼神明澈。朱教授家的客厅像一间陈列室，墙上挂满了书画
father is not going to leave, he saw this Revolution several
和荣誉，据说有一副是宣统贤婿的真迹，笔力苍劲，另几幅隶书
times, this is just a change of government. When you are in
则是朱先生晚年所执。落地窗外，一棵洋松倚靠着阳光，这种植
business, you don’t retreat. You only move forward。’”
物对于朱老先生来说再熟悉不过。无论身在何地，洋松总让他想
当风暴来临时，船长只有把持着“船亡人亡”的信念，才有战胜 自然的可能，这似乎是航海者的一条不成文的规定，不料商业世 界竟也如此。父亲的话对当时的朱永棠来说影响极大。 朱永棠的两个哥哥和父亲留在了上海，他则带着妹妹来到香港。 九月份，一个名叫 John Tse 的中国人在美国登录，三个月后他 的妹妹也尾随而来。“我在斯坦福的第一年年末，教授让我参加 San Francisco Bay Area 的论文比赛，有六所大学参与。我那 篇关于 Management Accounting 的论文不仅得了斯坦福第 一，还得了六所学校的第一。”万事开头难，朱永棠没有想到自 己这么快就适应了美国校园，而且还显露出学术论文的天赋。然 而他的父亲却并没显露出太多高兴，“我父亲对我说，你去美国 不是学会计的，你是去学管理的。”说到这里，朱教授又裂开嘴 笑了。 “51 年我拿到硕士学位，教授让我留在斯坦福，我考虑了一下 还是选择了哈佛。”之所以选择哈佛，朱教授解释道因为斯坦福 的博士项目偏理论，很多经济理论往往不合实际。一切以实际出 发的他更喜欢以 Case Method 教学法见长的哈佛，他没有想 到的是自己将成为哈佛商学院第一个中国博士生。“我在两年之 内完成了六个领域的课程：经济，商业史，精算，金融，市场，
24
起自己的家乡——上海。
国际贸易。我去十家公司搜集素材准备毕业论文，那个时候我结
“Foreign Pine，中文名叫‘洋松’。我父亲就是做木材生意的，
婚了。”结婚之后，朱永棠觉得自己需要有一份工作，于是他向
当时我们从美国加州 Oregon Washington 进口这种木头。”
一家美国前四的审计事务所投递简历，对方录用了他。“我开始
那棵样松把朱先生的思绪拉回到了那个战乱年代。“1944 年，
白天工作，晚上写论文。”说罢，朱教授突然坐直身子，两眼瞪
我从圣约翰大学土木工程系毕业，正好碰上第二次世界大战。战
直：“I tell you: this is not gonna work. 如果你非常认真地对
争末期，我和两个哥哥一样，到父亲的公司帮他做事。”
待你的工作，日有所思夜有所梦，根本没有时间写论文。”两年
“1948 年，我决定要来美国，我回到圣约翰，和校长说我想
之后，朱永棠回到哈佛，向教授坦白：No, this arrangement
去 美 国 学 习 交 通 运 输。 他 说：‘NO. For me, I got enough
is no good. 意想不到的是，哈佛说校方给他钱，帮助他多呆了
engineers, you should not study engineering anymore.
一年完成论文。多年之后回忆起这件事，朱教授觉得工作的选择
V People
是正确的：“它虽然延迟了我的答辩，但完全改变了我的论文。 我当时管理两个大的客户，给他们投资管理的建议，我把这些东 西也放进了我的论文里。”朱永棠始终认为脱离实际的理论没 有任何意义：“My dissertation is not theoretical at all, but all dealing with truth. what's happening in this particular company, what problem they face, and how I have been solving it. ”1956 年，朱永棠的论文通过答辩，他成为了哈佛商 学院第一个拥有博士学位的中国学生。他一定没有料到，他在哈 佛所学、所观察的一切将帮助他在中西部的玉米地中间建立一所 强大而先进的管理学院。
创造 葛兰 1962 年六月，西拉菲页入夏未深，天尚有一丝凉意。普渡大学 工业管理专业的师生们正忙碌地打点他们的行装——他们将永远 告别那幢拥挤的生物楼 Stanley Coulter，告别那些日夜陪伴他 们的骨骼标本和实验仪器。他们要搬到自己新家去了。“学生只 有一间教室。”朱永棠教授回忆当时的情景：“教员们不仅共享 办公室，甚至还共享书桌。” 新的管理研究院大楼赐名“葛兰”（Krannert)，系内陆盒厂 朱夫人为我们切蛋糕
（Inland Container) 的 创 始 人 赫 尔 曼· 葛 兰 (Herman C. Krannert) 捐赠四十万公司股份所建。彼时，普渡的工农二门在
再一次露出他标志性的微笑，骄傲地说道。
印州各执牛耳，却唯独少了“文商”。据朱永棠介绍：“普渡和
学生修完第二个学期的课，便术业专攻，转而选择市场、会计等
印第安纳大学泾渭分明，州政府不让普渡开设商学院。既然不能
领域。朱永棠尝试教了一年，他渐渐觉得有些地方不太对劲：“我
叫 Business School, 我们干脆叫 Management School 吧。”
们不能让学生自己去选择方向。管理是综合性事务，需要经济，
为了让工程师更好地适应管理工作，远大他们的职业前景。普
市场，会计，商业历史，国际贸易等等各方面的知识。我们的目
渡大学于 1956 开始了工业管理研究院的建设。朱永棠时年三十
的在于训练普渡的工程师和科学家，让他们毕业以后，无论到什
有四，刚从哈佛完成商业学博士学位（Doctor of Commercial
么领域，都能施展出自己的才华并且更快得到提拔。”在他提出
Science)，受当时副系主任 Ron Stucjy 之邀，从波士顿来到西
统一科目的提案之后，葛兰研究生院从此便废除了选课机制。
拉菲页市，谁知这样一呆便是五十六年。
“除此之外，我们还教授商业道德。我是唯一几个强调商业道德
“白手起家。我们从理学院找经济学教授，从工学院找工业管理
的教授。很多课的宗旨都是利润最大化，这是不对的，如果你真
的老师。”虽然普渡的研究生项目是从哈佛借鉴的，但初创的教
的想要成功，你需要去思考公司决策对消费者和社会产生什么影
授们大都像第一代美洲移民那样，大刀阔斧，无所顾忌。“那时
响。我们中国人讲：君子爱财，取之有道。”1980 年的时候，
候其他学校的 MBA 项目都是两年，我们发现课程的重复很多。
GM 召回事故车辆，这件事对朱教授影响至今，也再一次深刻
两年时间，对于一般学生来说可能正好，但对于真正用功的学生
地提醒他商业道德的重要性。朱教授说从此以后他再也没有买过
来说太浪费时间。”教授们决定把哈佛两年的课程浓缩到一年，
GM 车。
在最短时间里把工程师塑造成管理者。而朱永棠教授的会计课成
课时减半、取消选课机制、强调商业道德，此三点便是葛兰管理
了最极端的试验田——他居然把别人一年半教授的会计知识浓缩
学院创立之初取得的壮举。朱永棠不仅是教授，更是项目的负责
到了六周。就像一位猛下狠药的医生，胆识的背后是对会计学科
人，这样的学术加管理的双重身份在大学里是极为罕见的。虽然
超越常人的深刻理解。“My boss bought my idea.”朱教授
学院小，
25
V People
资金少，但当时管理学院的课程设置非常超前。朱教授给我们
学计划和项目进程。当天下午，一个公司的人来问我：我们有一
讲了一个生动的故事。“当时有门课被学生戏称为‘Mistery
个问题，不知道怎么解决。我马上给他们出主意，后来，阴差阳错，
Hour’。这门课的教授是线性规划之父，他是从卡内基梅陇大
我成为了 Mr. Krannert 的顾问。他们当时的问题就是，一个好
学过来的。他理论很强，但不懂教学，学生完全不懂他在教什么。
的工程师能在自己的领域内十分精通，但如果你让他晋升为部门
想象一下，1956 年，我们居然要求学生学习电脑。”除了课程
经理，他往往不知道怎么去管理，怎样去规划。”正是因为针对
设置之外，管理学院采用了电脑排课系统，这在普渡也是首创。
工程师的培训以及朱教授的锦囊妙计，为 Inland Container 创
当时的大学竞争激烈，为了留住人才，校方曾付出不少努力，工
造了巨大的经济收益，1962 年，Mr. Krannert 决定捐出公司的
业管理真正脱离出来成为单独的学院，一部分原因也在于外界的
四十万股建造葛兰大楼。至此，六年的“寄人篱下”之后，管理
压力。 “当时我们的 Department Head 去宾大沃顿商学院学习，
学院的师生终于有了自己的的家，而朱教授的愿望也终于得以实
带回来很多先进方法，宾大想把他留下让他做 Dean。当时的校
现。
长 Hovde 不干了，说你留下来我也让你做 Dean。后来，他就
人的一生总有一个最难忘的时刻，对于朱永棠，那必然非“创立
把工业管理从工业工程学院脱离出来，并且增设了本科专业。”
葛兰”莫属了。自此，外界对他的称呼除了“教授”以外，还要
虽然学院本身不再“寄人篱下”，但是教学场所却要向别人租借，
多加一条“葛兰创始人”。创立至今，葛兰管理学院已走过 41
对于管院师生们，“拥有自己的教学楼”似乎依然遥不可期。朱
个春夏秋冬，如今的规模以及师资也远非当时所及。每当有人问
永棠作为项目的负责人，看着师生们摩肩擦踵的情形，自然心急
及他的经历，他总能滔滔不绝地重复一遍“葛兰的创造史”，眼
如焚。1960 年的春天，一个机会降临了。
里闪烁着伟大的光芒，仿佛能把身边的人都照亮。很少有教授能
“1960 年， Mr. Krannert 的公司希望普渡给他们的管理层做培
在教课的同时打理好管理事务，更少有人能够为自己的梦想建造
训，于是我和他们谈成一个项目，让他们送 40 个管理层过来学习。
一座大厦。正如 Ronald Frank 在朱教授退休前发信函所提到的：
项目进展到一半，他们希望我们去印第安纳波利斯展示我们的教
“作为葛兰的一个重要的创始人，朱教授有足够理由感到骄傲。”
后记： 这个时代已经很少有哥伦布或福格一般的梦想家，眼前的这位老者是我所见到的第一个传奇。在美六十四年可谓风光无限，朱老先生 却始终不忘自己中国人的根。朱老先生见到我们，便抛给我们仨一个问题，给我留下非常深刻的印象：“你们知道自己的姓是怎么来 的吗？”除我略知一二外，现场的两位女生都愣住了，不知如何回答。是啊，这个年代，谁还关注自己的姓的来历呢？这个年代，谁 还有空去研究夏商周历史呢？这个年代，谁还在乎这漂亮的管理学院大楼背后究竟有多少历史呢？ 后来，每当我走过葛兰大楼，看到里面熙熙攘攘的人群，嬉笑怒骂的也有，聚精会神的也有，这里布满嘈杂的声音，看不到一种平静与和谐。 这种平静与和谐是我在朱老先生家所感受到的，可能几十年前就消失了吧。今天留学的人，不知多少还有朱先生当时的意气和风骨， 不知有多少未来的梦想家。 然而，尽管这个时代没有了哥伦布和福格，我庆幸能和朱老先生这样的传奇有一席之谈的机会，这样的机会以后恐怕不多了，于是也 倍感珍惜。老人安康便是我们所盼。 参考资料：圣约翰大学图文资料，普渡 krannert 图片，历年排名比较，朱教授自传里的材料等。
26
THAT GAME IS UP Previous education and jobs left Daniels a trail of precious titles and one-ofa-kind awards, but the most important skill set he gained is the amazing ability to work with people, build teams and deliver promises. By Zimeng Guo
V People
A
five hundred percent increase would make anything
tion of his first term by 8.2% more than his competitor, and the
and everything look prettier in your life were it a rise in
next one by 17.8%. During his 8 years of his service, Indiana
your pay check, but not in the case of college tuition.
thrived financially. Daniels scored big time.
According to TIME magazine, the price of U.S. college tuition has jumped by five hundred percent in the last twenty-five
Like an MVP would, Daniels was spotted and traded from
years, far outpacing the growth of medical costs (286%) and
Team Indiana State Government to Team Purdue. The new
overall inflation (121%) during the same timespan. While oth-
captain is desperately interested to know the new team, and
er university presidents are busy answering the question “why
that is—whoever is involved. “I just kind-of brought the same
is college education getting more expensive,” Mitch Daniels
approach here. Whatever job you do, you better be in touch
has already delivered his promise to Purdue students—they
with the ground level,” Daniels said, explaining his wisdom of
paid a new semester of tuition with absolutely no increase in
leading. When asked about his New Year’s Resolution for 2012,
price, and got a guarantee of tuition affordability in the future.
Daniels said he wish to “try to meet 5000 Purdue students face
Daniels boldly responded to such a dramatic increase—not
to face.” “Have you made it?” we asked. “Oh, I might be over
only boldly, but also insightfully. Before coming to Purdue’s
that because I’ve been meeting… I had lots and lots of meals
leadership position, the Princeton and Georgetown University
where I might meet 60, 80,100 people at a time, and just being
trained Juris Doctor worked successfully as the governor of In-
out on the campus and going to events and so forth,” Daniels
diana and the Director of U.S. Office of Management and Bud-
answered. As far as we can tell, team members love the new
get. A simple Google search will tell you that Daniels’ statistics
leader, too. Purdue has never seen a President this often—and
were as great as an MVP, but something else about him is even
a fun one at that. Just as we thought him showing up in the
more interesting: “My Man Mitch” has not always been the su-
398,890-viewed Youtube hit “This is Engineering” was funny
perstar that he is today. The truth is, he started off as someone
enough, the motorcyclist Daniels rode his Harley into Rose-
that hardly anyone would notice.
Ade during half-time at the Purdue-Notre Dame home game,
Mitch is My Man!
driving the crowd wild. Some boilermakers have been longtime fans. The first day of Daniels presidency was marked by
“Ok, let’s get out there and meet as many people as we can.”
a large group of volunteering students with a huge banner
“You know in my last job, nobody knew who I was, well, al-
how well-received its owner is. In the following months, Hovde
most nobody.” the president joked in my one-hour-interview
Hall (Daniels’ office) has been the victim of a Gangnam Style
with him. Daniels’ last job (“one chapter of my life, not the most
flash-mob and a Purdue marching band performance, all ded-
important one”) was governing the state of Indiana for eight
icated to their cool-with-the-crowd President. The support for
years. The popular ex-governor started running for the posi-
Daniels was so apparent that the University Bookstore carried
tion after his job as the Director of U.S. Office of Management
a Purdue clothing line embellished “My Maker Mitch,” a vari-
and Budget for the Bush Administration. It was the first (“and
ation of Daniels’ famous nickname given by George W. Bush.
only” he stressed sincerely in a later email) elected office that
Now every Boilermaker knows the President, even internation-
Daniels had held. At the time, almost nobody in Indiana knew
al talents who catch up with news less quickly. During his sum-
who he was. Knowing the importance of popular support,
mer trip to China, Chinese students surprised him at LongKou.
Daniels decided to “go out and meet people.” In a 16-month
The surprisingly technologically-savvy President later tweeted
in-state campaign trip, he hit all 92 counties in Indiana at least
“couldn’t use twitter in China but can see boilermakers every-
three times. Our president did meet plenty of Hoosiers, a total
where.” (Daniels twitter account: purduemitch). The success
6 digit number of them, in fact. The confident-but-never-proud
with Purdue students gave Daniels faith for the future of his
governor-elect greeted people, asked how they were doing,
presidency: “A lot was said and written about, you know, would
asked what troubled them, and how he could be of service. His
a person coming from where I did have trouble adjusting—I
charisma worked like a charm. Daniels won the general elec-
don’t think so. I mean, in the end it’s the same. If you’re gonna
28
signed “My Man Mitch” all over it. The banner now sits happily on the wall of the President’s office, reminding all visitors of
V People
succeed and if you are gonna do significant things, not small,
dards. “You don’t just give orders and expect good things to
incremental things, then you do need to try to gather as many
happen,” Daniels preached. “If you can make people think they
people together in agreement as you can.” Said Daniels, mod-
contributed in thinking the ideas up, they are going to work
estly but positively.
much harder to achieve them.” Daniels leans on Team Purdue. No amount of experience nor tv exposure can make the man
The first one of those significant things Daniels is doing is Pur-
think he has superior knowledge than the collective mass. At
due Moves. Eight months after stepping up as Purdue’s 12th
the beginning of “Project Purdue Moves,” the President asked
president, Daniels announced Purdue Moves to lead the great
all of the deans and vice presidents what big moves they
Purdue to be “even better.” After the news got out Purdue got
would be willing to commit to, held a meeting in his own
the media’s attention, but the president thinks himself as no
house to talk, and invited another group of mind—the board
“solo guitarist.” Like always, he refuses to see the innovative
of trustees to come in to chose the final ones Purdue should
plan as anything but “truly a team effort.”
focus on. Except for faculties and trustees, a special team he
The MVP Who Needs The Team. I always used to say “big changes require big majorities.”
leads is the stuff in the President’s office. Different activities fill the busy captain’s day therefore “Team President’s Office” helps him making sure the schedule is neat, the facts in the speeches straight, and the faces of guests are familiar so Daniels can answer their questions better. The team are on top of their games and not only because Daniels is good at his job. “One day on his
If there were some slogans Captain Daniels hangs around the
way out, he just randomly started to hum ‘Happy Birthday’ and
sides of game courts, they could be Team Spirit and High Stan-
walked past my desk. At the door he turned back to me and
29
V People
said, ‘I don’t know how that happened. Sometimes things just
more tuition. By cutting cost and increasing revenue, stu-
got into people’s head.’ It was my birthday, I had no idea how
dents are getting a 2-year tuition freeze. “It’s what students
he knew!” exclaimed Margaret “Maggie” Grogan, his adminis-
have been demanding for years,” Joe Rust, the president of
trative assistant, who is still amazed to this day.
Purdue Student Government said, “I think it’s really awesome to see Daniels setting the standard towards a more affordable
Charming as he is, Daniels did not made it to where he is to-
school.”
day by singing “happy birthday.” Team Purdue has big goals to reach; therefore high standards are set both for himself
By saving Purdue and her students money Daniels gained
as well as team members. The president gets up before 6:30
the assets of team supports, and the interest come with is
every morning, goes to speeches, interviews, meetings,
confidence. Because of his own ability to achiceve goals, the
commencements, dinners, visits, international events and
president is never afraid to make his words heard. Besides his
ribbon-cuttings (“He is doing the U.S. 231 Highway opening
beloved Harley, we guess the most valuable thing Daniels see
today, the new ‘front door’ of Purdue. Before Daniels was gov-
are his words, because it’s guranteed they will be meet with
ernor there was ‘never enough money’ to build it,” said Gina
actions.
DelSanto, Chief of Stuff in the President’s office.) Everyday Daniels gets up to 300 emails in his Purdue email and replies to the important ones until 12’o clock at night. His “to-do” list is large and growing, therefore efficiency is extra important.
On Racist Incidents On Purdue Campus
business,” Gina described. “Mitch doesn’t want to go out for a
“People who would do something like that, they don’t belong here, and they should just leave.”
cup of coffee or chat.” At the meetings, the captain checks the
“A lot of people are surprised that he would said that— ‘they
progress, tells people when he want things to be done, and
should just leave’— just because it is a very strong statement
offers suggestions on the matter. Just like some faculty I in-
to say as a university president.” Gina said later. This was Dan-
terviewed predicted Daniels looks right for the job: “Political
iels’s statement regarding racism incidents on Purdue cam-
views aside, he is definitely good at building teams and bring-
pus. Last year was not fair to everybody. Two reported van-
ing in resources. They (the trustees) could not have found a
dalism cases made headlines to school newspapers, as well
better choice.” Lincoln Mckinley, an assistant professor in Po-
as constant smaller incidents around campus. That is not the
litical Science Department acknowledged.
“completely respectful” Purdue that Daniels asked for, and he
“He wants the conversation to be meaningful, if he is in one. And the meeting lasts only as long as necessary and stay to
has an idea of what students are to do. “Dear Student,” Daniels
30
The president’s high standard for team members can also be
wrote in his first welcome letters to Purdue 2013 freshmen, “I
seen in him demanding efficiency financially. Famously called
am writing with great excitement to welcome you to Purdue
“the Blade” for cutting budget in the U.S. Office of Manage-
University, your home for the next four years… Our rules are
ment and Budget, Daniels also has his own sharp philosophy
simple… Any discrimination or intimidation on the basis of
when it comes to careful budgeting: “It has become too easy
race or other such characteristic is unacceptable, and those
for universities to decide what they would
who practice either are not welcome at Purdue.”
like to spend first, and bill it to students later. It’s not our mon-
The letter named Outline Expectations now goes on Pur-
ey,” Daniels said, “it came from the student’s family, or came
due’s website for the world to see. In it Daniels included
from a taxpayer, so it’s our duty to spend it very carefully—
other regular university-president requirements: absolute
spend it on what? Spend it on researches, and teaching, and
academic honesty, zero alcohol and substance abuse, com-
taking our learning out into the world. I think we can be much
plete freedom of expression, and respect for others. “A great
more effective … if the colleges work a little more closely to-
strength of Purdue is the wide variety of nationalities, ethnic
gether.” A smaller budget doesn’t mean students are paying
backgrounds, lifestyle preferences and faith traditions of its
V People
student body. We strongly believe, and you will see on our campus, that differences aren’t deficiencies, but rather opportunities for learning. We expect each student to respect all such differences and behave accordingly.” Under the letter signed his hand-written Mitch Daniels, a signature from the president only used for formal university statement. To our new captain, everybody on the team is without doubts equal. It does not matter if a team member is majority or minority, nor which specific kind of minority he or she is: “I certainly make this point. If you are American students, the international students’ presence here is part of your learning opportunity. I mean you could learn a lot about China without even traveling to China if you make the effort. So I think most of our parents get that that their students are getting a great global experience before they spend the semester abroad or before they do any travel if they take advantage of it.” When asked for his opinion about Purdue has the second largest international student population, Daniels said without hesitation: “I’m all for it.” What does a captain do anyways? Inspires the team, gets them motivated, tells people what to do on the pitch and set the common goal. “Purdue University will deliver higher education at the highest proven value,” Daniels promised. Do you believe it? I know I do. Maybe not this or next season, but with Daniels wearing gold and black, at least we are getting closer every second.
31
V People
Extra Chapters
THE FALSE ACCUSATION V: “Some students say it seems like an ‘interesting turnout’ how you are ‘for’ public university now, but had cut quite a lot of funding for public school when you were governor, would you like to comment on this?”
M: “The impression is based on false information. State spending on both K-12 and higher ed went up during our eight years, significantly. In 2011 and 2012, we delivered on the long-sought addition of full day kindergarten for all Hoosier children, an enormous new investment. Only in the deep recession year of 2009 was either reduced, and then by a far smaller percentage than was happening in states all across the country. As I left office, K-12 spending was 55% of the entire state budget, the highest for any state in America, and higher ed added another 12%, so the combined total
also led the nation. The average Indiana teacher earns $55,000/per year, compared to the average citizen at around $40,000/year. In 2007, I proposed leasing the Indiana Lottery and committing the proceeds, which would have been around $1 billion, entirely to higher education, half for student scholarships and half to support research. It would have been by a huge margin the biggest infusion of money into higher education in state history, but the opposing party rejected the idea and the bill did not pass. So it is a myth that education spending was cut. But the larger point is that all the additional money that states have poured into education over recent decades has not produced better results. Only better targeted dollars coupled with reforms of the failed education practices of the past can serve the true objects of our system, the young people whose futures depend on effective teaching and learning.” 33
V People
THE WHITE HOUSE SERVICE
34
V: “You mentioned your years in the White House, can you tell us a typical day of yours when you were the Director of U.S. Office of Management and Budget?”
M: Well, with the caution that no two days are quite alike, and especially after the attack of 9/11th, which happened about ¼ of the way through that service, I had a small apartment about 10 minutes from the White House. My family stayed in Indiana. I came home as often as I could, but wasn’t often enough. So it was just a place for me to sleep and work. But I’d get up, the military driver would pick me up, go to the White House about probably 6:30, work for a while, then a small group of top 4, 5 people would have a very informal meeting in the Chief-of-Staff office. Then at 7:30 there was a meeting of the senior staff that would be... 16, 17, 18 people, just to go over the day and talk about any big issues that concerned everyone. And then it’ll all be a blur after that, be very very busy all the rest of the day. The interesting thing about that job was it touched every part of the government. So on any one day I could be working on transportation at 9’o clock, national defense and security at 10’o clock, housing and urban development at 11 o’clock. The only thing I always try to do is go get my exercise if I could. There was a small gym right there (in the White House.) I could be there in 2, 3 minutes and go do my run, my weights, whatever. But then we would work very late. Usually meal at the desk. And then go home and take some work home and fall asleep, start over again. But it was a great privilege. And again life became more complicated after the attacks. You know Purdue has a number of relationships with the department of homeland security. In fact they were just here for a meeting to consider extending a very important center of research that the department funds here. Well, there was no department of homeland security before 9/11. It came out of that. I was part of a… “little secret group,” really, that was given the assignment “should we have one department or not.” So there were a lot of new assignments after that, and then of course there was the war, and there were additional assignments.
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太奇葩了 撰文 _ 李雯洋 Picture From Internet
1. 这些课 2. 这些可 3. 这些 4. 这鞋
我至今仍然记得自己新生入学第一年准备选课的时候，面对满满一单子可以供我去选择的课程，豁然有一种身揣五毛钱， 心怀五百万的豪情壮志。普渡提供了许多不同领域的课程，天文地理无一不包。相信许多同学也和我一样，觉得在大学 生涯中总不能每天都围着那几门专业课转悠吧。大学有整整四年时，恐怕今后是再没有这么好的机会可以让我们尽情地 去学一些自己感兴趣的东西了。 虽然每个人都跃跃欲试地想要挑战那些偏门冷门奇奇怪怪的奇葩课，但很多同学并没有 机会知道到底学校有提供哪些有意思的课呢？每次都是道听途说地知道邻居王二麻子又选到了很棒的课，为什么自己就 只知道那几门加速自己屌丝化进程的枯燥乏味的课呢？还有一些同学听说过这些在普渡大名鼎鼎的奇葩课，却不知道它 们葫芦里到底卖的什么药。没有关系！！铛铛～！现在，就由 voice 为您奉上我们独家调查采访后整理出来的普渡奇葩 课一览表！快来看看，有没有你想选的那一门！！ 35
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法证课
课号：ENTM218 （Forensic Science )
推荐指数： ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 难度系数： ★ ★ ☆ 法证课，一听就是一门洋溢着 TVB 感的重口味课程。相信很多同学都看过诸如《法证先锋》这样的电视剧吧！第一次知 道普渡还有这门神课的时候，我脑海里实在是无法不闪现出欧阳震华的形象，耳畔实在是无法不回荡那句著名的：我们 是西九龙重案组（这里插播一句题外话，我其实一直没有想通为什么 TVB 里在办案的都是 西九龙的重案组……嗯……）。 初听这门课，想像到的画面，是一个精明的教授穿着白大褂，戴着手套的手拿放大镜和锥子剪子等，台子上摆着各种圆 形的器皿，里面放着支离破碎的身体的各个部分。然后，教授满含深情地说：“来，我们来看这个脖子上的尸斑，来说 说死亡时间。”…… 那么事实上这门课真的如此吗？？这门课到底有多 TVB ？有多重口味？这当然要亲自修过这门课的同学来现身说法。为 此我们采访了在 2012 年秋季修过这门课的同学。
Q&A Q: 很多同学都不知道普渡还有这门课，感觉挺非主流的。你当
Q: 这个课如何算成绩？除了考试之外有其它的作业吗？考试难
初是怎么知道有这门课的呢？
易程度如何？
A: 因为我曾经上过昆虫学的入门课 ENTM105。在那门课结束之
A: 只有考试，一共四次考试，没有其它的 assignment 或者 project
后，我因为很喜欢 ENTM, 就很想再学一个 ENTM 的其它课程，
了。考试也很简单，只要看了书有心复习的，基本就能考得很好！
所以专门去翻查了课程表，在课程表里发现有一门课叫 forensic science。
Q: 课上会看到尸体或者其它支离破碎的标本吗？ A: 我们没有看到实物。但是有给我们看被肢解了之后的尸体的
Q: 这门课到底教一些什么？是给案子分析案情，然后寻找犯罪
图片——超清无码喔亲！真的是那种已经都发青了的……
嫌疑人吗？？ A: 这个课就是教你如何辨别犯罪现场，如何找到凶手。比如说，
Q: 如果要给还没有上过这个课的同学们推荐，你觉得哪些人适
如果你在犯罪现场发现了什么物品什么痕迹，就可以从中推测到
合上这门课？
凶手的特征。比如说你看到地上有一个 脚印，从这个脚印的形
A: 最重要的就是要喜欢法证的，有兴趣的。比如说平时就比较
状大小等，就能判断出这个人是男是女，身高有多高，穿的什么
喜欢看港剧或者美剧里面的关于犯罪啊心理学啊警匪啊这方面的
鞋子之类的。或者发现一个车轮印，通过这个车轮印来判断这个
题材。其实不需要有什么心理负担，这门 课本来就是很好玩儿
车是什么车， 案发时候有没有刹车迹象，通过车轮在雪地里印
的，给大家讲解一些法证破案基础知识的课程。另外这门课也并
子的深浅可以判断当时车上有多少乘客等等。
没有牵涉很多物理化学的东西，所以不需要理科好才能学。这门 课是法证课的基 础课。如果有同学真的很感兴趣，很喜欢的话，
Q: 教授怎么样？他本人就是法证官吗？
还可以接着上 Jones 教的另外两门课：ENTM318 和 ENTM418。
A: 这个课的教授人超级好！！（教授）是个五六十岁的男老师， 叫 Jones，体格强壮！
Q: 你觉得修这门课之前和之后，你最大的改变是什么？ A: 以前我觉得“尸检”这个事情很恐怖，可是上完这个课之后
36
Q: 体格强壮！！！？？？那有没有英姿飒爽！！！！？？？
我觉得它一点都不恐怖了，因为我学会怎么用科学的眼光看待它。
A：…..orz……好像并没有。。。＝ ＝ 纯粹只是为了看美男而来
而且“尸检”就是 speak for the dead，为死去的人作证词，找回公正，
的童鞋……就还是算了……不过他人真的很亲切，对学生很好。
所以法证应该是能给人带来自豪感的工作。
而且他本人确实就是做法证工作的，如果我们这个片区有案子，
推荐指数： ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
他是会去现场工作的。
难度系数： ★ ★ ☆
V View
昆虫学
课号：ENTM105 （Introductory Entomology )
★ ★ ★ ☆ ：推荐指数 ★ ★ ：难度系数 昆虫课在普渡是比较有群众基础的，因为很多 advisor 很喜欢给新生们推荐修这门课。但真正让这门课名声在外的，是 因为它有一个十分另类十分挑战学生“爱 心极限”的 project——要求同学们在家里饲养昆虫！相信很多同学，尤其是女 同学，应该是比较害怕昆虫的！别说是看实物了，就是看图片都能起一身鸡皮疙瘩！那这门昆虫课到底要让学生和昆虫 朋友们做多近距离的接触呢？在家饲养昆虫这事儿到底靠谱吗？让前辈们来为我们解答吧！
就是说你可以养死它两次，不会被扣分，但是大蟑螂只有一次机 会，毕竟大家都知道小强家族无与伦比的生命力。不过毛毛虫在
Q&A
养的过程中其实主人比较容易偷懒。毛毛虫会乖乖待在盒子里，
Q: 还是先为大家介绍一下昆虫课的内容吧？主要都学些什么
担心怎么给它找吃的。大蟑螂就需要主人自己去试它到底喜欢吃
呢？
什么，比较麻烦，不过也算是比较有趣。
它移动很缓慢，基本都不会动。大蟑螂就需要你谨防它哪天忽然 逃跑。而且老师会专门发放给毛毛虫准备的食物，主人就不用再
A: 这门课是 ENTM 的入门课，就是介绍昆虫的分类，各类昆虫 生活的习性，生活的环境，还有昆虫的用途等等。
Q: 大蟑螂应该也不会挑食吧！感觉能把蟑螂都给喂死也是需要 一些技术的吧？
Q: 那有多少考试？如何 grade 成绩？
A: 但是……事实上……真的就有人在拿到蟑螂没过几天后就把
A: 考试只有一个，就是最后的 final，除此之外就是每个星期有一
它喂死了！那位同学还把他家小强的尸体带到了课上来，在那儿
个 quiz。教授还提供了很多个 extra credits 的机会，比如你去看
尖叫着说：“Oh my cockroach passed away!"。老师就说，你真的
个与昆虫相关的电影啊之类的。一学期有 2 － 3 个 project 要做，
太厉害了，蟑螂如此坚强的品种都能被你喂到这一步……
不过都是比较有趣的事情，像大家比较熟悉的“养昆虫”这个就 算是 project 的一部分，教授会在开学的时候发幼虫给学生，学
Q: 你当时选择的是养什么呢？这个 project 完成之后有什么感
生养到接近期末的时候把它们还给教授。
觉？毕竟这也算是一个很特别的 project 啊！ A: 我选的是毛毛虫！养了一共两个多月吧，最后成功把它养成
Q: 给我们详细讲讲养昆虫的 project 吧！听说教授会让大家选择
了飞蛾！虽然我一直之前都幻想的它破茧之后会变成一只美丽的
一种昆虫来养，都有哪些选择呢？
蝴蝶，而它却变成了一只灰扑扑的飞蛾， 但我还是觉得很有成
A: 我们那一学期是有两个选择，二选一。第一种是毛毛虫……
就感的！一开始的时候我真的觉得养昆虫就是作业，我也觉得毛
第二种是……马达加斯加大蟑螂……
毛虫很恶心，我都不敢碰它！经过两个月的时间，我每天都照顾 它，给它换食 物，清理粪便，到最后看到它居然变成了一只如
Q:orz……我觉得……应该没有人会选择养［马达加斯加大蟑螂］
此茁壮成长的大～飞～蛾！！！！真的觉得挺开心的！
吧？！ A: 但是好像美国朋友们都挺喜爱大蟑螂的！！尤其是黑人朋友
Q: 除了养昆虫之外，还有其它的 project 吗？如果有同学真的就
们真的挺多人选大蟑螂……
是很怕虫，克服不了心理恐惧，不敢养它们，就不能选这个课了 吗？
Q: 它们各自喂养的难易点在哪里呢？哪个感觉比较容易养一
A: 不是的，可以不养虫，选择其它的 project。除了养昆虫，还
点？
可以写 paper，画连环画之类的。如果真的不想养，也是可以选
A: 毛毛虫其实要难养一点，老师给了毛毛虫两次死亡的机会。
这个课的。
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葡萄酒鉴赏课 课号：FS470（Wine Appreciation )
推荐指数： ★ ★ ★ ★ 难度系数： ★ ★ ☆ 普渡有门葡萄酒鉴赏课，真伪高富帅都知道。这件事其实是难以想像的。因为在我们普村这种黄土高坡一般的地方，从 气质上和资源上来讲，都应该上玉米鉴赏课比较靠谱。但是你确实没有听错，全校至高的装逼圣地莫过于葡萄酒鉴赏课了。 尤其是在 freshman 和 sophomore 的世界里，这门有着“21 岁年龄关卡”的课颇有一种“只许看不许摸”的高雅神秘。 我大一的时候就暗中发誓：满了 21 岁就一定要去修修这门课。印象里的红酒鉴赏师总是无比优雅又有气势的，带着那种 冷艳的气场，拿起手中的葡萄酒杯轻轻地晃着，只喝一小口，咂巴咂巴嘴，然后就能一连串地说出这个酒的时间产地葡 萄种类都不带换气儿的，甚至连那些酿 造它的葡萄的童年过得是幸福还是坎坷都能品鉴出来！就这样抱着“我也成为这 样的人该多好啊”这种图样图森破的心愿，无数莘莘学子走进了葡萄酒鉴赏课的课堂。它究竟有多奇妙呢？
Q&A Q: 葡萄酒鉴赏课上真的可以喝酒吗？ A: 当然！这节课一周一次，就是星期一晚上 6：30 到 9：30。每 节课开始先讲 lecture，然后可以喝到 3 种不同的酒，还会配上面
BONUS: 为了让大家更了解这门课，我们还专程采访了这节课的导师 ,Indy International Wine Competition 的 主 席 和 首 席 评 委，Christian Butzke 教授。
包奶酪等。不过也不要想能喝爽，因为每个人每种酒就只能品尝
Q: 为何普渡会开设葡萄酒鉴赏课并且面向所有专业的学生？普
一点点。
渡认为这门课有什么价值？ A: 因为普渡认为葡萄酒是一个可以把许多不同种类的科学结合
Q: 这门课的成绩由哪些方面组成呢？
在一起的非常好的例子。这门课囊括了许多跨学科的知识。比如
A: 两次考试，一个 midterm 一个 final。其它的就是有一个课上的
你要了解生产管理的知识 , 微生物学的知 识，化学工程的知识 ,
serve 活动和一个 wine tour 的活动。课上的 serve 很简单。因为
食品感官科学的知识等等。除此之外，你还会学到市场营销，园
我们一节课人很多，大概 300 人，所以教授和 TA 没有时间给全
艺学等。另外一方面，你可以发现在这门课上有很多来自世界各
班的同学倒酒和分配食物等等。每节课就会安排 一批同学做这
地不同国家的 学生。葡萄酒，其实是一个让大家了解不同国家
些简单的服务，每个人一学期一次。另外一个 project 就是 wine
不同地区文化的窗口。很多专业学习葡萄酒鉴赏的人，是需要周
tour。这个 project 很有意思：让大家在本学期之内去一个酒庄参
游世界列国去挖掘不同地区红酒的历史和文化的。这门课提供了
观，参观后填表并附上自己在酒庄里的照片。
一个很好的机会，让各地的学生齐聚一堂来分享和交流，这也是 这门课的意义所在。
Q: 我们学校附近有酒庄吗？ A: 上这门课之前我都不知道，其实我们州的酒还挺有名的！拉
Q: 学校里有许多中国学生都听说过这门课，并且对这门课也很
法叶就有葡萄酒庄，在靠近印第安那波利斯那边更是有很多酒庄。
感兴趣。您有什么话想要告诉这普渡的中国留学生吗？
所以这个 project 并不难完成。
A: 我想对所有的中国学生说，这是一门很棒的课！这门课可以 让你有机会站在讲台上与许多来自世界不同地方的同学们分享中
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Q: 你觉得这门课和自己之前想像的有什么不同？是一门值得推
国人对于葡萄酒的见解和体会。中国也是 一个非常大的葡萄酒
荐的课吗？
生产国。其实我非常非常乐意听见中国学生在这里分享有中国特
A: 首先学了这门课也不会让你变得和电视里那些抿一小口酒就
色的东西。比如我们有一个问题是，你想要用什么样的食物来搭
能说出它全部资料的高手一样，不过确实可以学到很多以前不知
配这款酒。有时 候，中国学生会比较腼腆，怕他们所说的中国
道的关于葡萄酒的知识。修完课之后，基 本的装逼装备还是有的。
的食物我们无法理解，所以就说“我想用麦当劳来搭配”或者“我
去买酒的时候，比以前更懂如何选葡萄酒。哪些种类的酒是课上
想用披萨来搭配”之类的。但其实我非常希望可以听 到中国学
喝过的会有一个印象。我觉得这门课挺值得上的，压力不大，又
生聊聊你们在家里都自己做一些什么样的食物。这是我非常希望
能学到别的 地方学不到的东西。
看到的。
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保龄球课 课号：PES115 （Bowling）
★ ★ ★ ☆ : 推荐指数 ★ ★ : 难度系数 除了坐在教室里上的文化课之外，普渡其实还为大家提供了一系列的有关运动和舞蹈的课程。许多同学看着自己的学分 还差个一两分，要是修个 3 分的课实在是自找苦吃，私心想着若是有个一分的神课还能学得轻松，那可真真是极好的！ 若还能锻炼身体，倒也不负恩泽。在这样的历史大背景下，我等必然要隆重推出：保龄球课。 保龄球在美国是一项十分 时尚的运动：不管你身体素质好坏，都有机会打出好成绩，更何况学会保龄球就相当于多了一样社交技能。想一想下课后， 隔壁王二麻子对 着基友高喊：走～打 dota! 而你微微一笑，只淡淡一句：保龄球馆见。哇喔 !! 这就是传说中的 KO 好嘛亲 ! 这种“居家旅行”之必备技能真是不得不收啊！让我们赶快来了解一下保龄球课吧！
Q&A Q: 这个课是一分的课吧？那一个星期有几节？ A: 虽然只有一分，但是每星期还是要上三节。不过上课都是很 轻松的。要特别说一下的是，这个课是需要再额外付 165 刀的（想 要装 13 真心是需要狠投资的啊！！） Q: 上课就是练习吗？还是你们会有保龄球的比赛？ A: 每节课开始就是先自己练习，然后教练会集合大家，讲一些 技术上的问题，之后再按照教练讲的正式练习。我们还是会有比 赛，通常是两人一组或是三人一组，然后算平均分。 Q: 如果比赛输了会不会有神马残酷的惩罚呀？！ A: 不会不会不会！（……此处省略 n 个不会！）比赛就是相当 于游戏啦！只是赢了当然比较好，可能会得 extra credit 吧。
BONUS: BONUS 又来啦！以下是我们独家对话保龄球课教练 :
Q: 那一学期大概有几次比赛？
Q: 我刚刚在你们教室的墙上看到好多大赛的奖牌，请问普渡是
A: 一学期分成 3 个阶段，类似初级中级高级这样。每个阶段结
有自己专门的保龄球队去参加全国的大赛吗？
束的时候就会有一次比赛。这样老师也可以看到每个人的进步。
A: 是的，普渡有官方认证的球队去参加全国性的大赛。而且我 们的男子保龄球队是全美国 TOP25 的队伍。
Q: 那如何 grade ？除了打球的成绩之外，还有其它的吗？ A: 要算 attendance，有 worksheet, 还会有 3 个 quiz。
Q: 保龄球在美国是一个非常受欢迎的运动吧？中国也有很多人 喜欢保龄球运动，但似乎还不是像美国这样普遍。
Q: 如果有同学真的运动神经就是弱爆了，球哪里都打得到就是
A: 保龄球在美国是排名第一的 participating sport. 保龄是一项花费
打不到球瓶，这课就拿不到 A 了吗？
非常高的运动，过去的中国可能因为各种经济条件的限制不能发
A:。。。我怎么觉得。。你好像就是在说我。。。。。教练主要
展这项运动，但是现在的中国的发展有目共睹。事实上，中国将
还是会按照你个人的进步来为你打分的，也不会说因为你没有天
会成为 下一个最大的保龄球发展的市场。目前在我们保龄球课
赋，打球得分不高，那就 fail。不会这么没有人性的！！
的班里，也有中国学生来参加。
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An Oriental Thought
For A True Asian Century By Raghavendra Adla
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A
s the custodian of many diverse and ancient civiliza-
nations appear to be no different from what the West has pro-
tions on the planet, Asia has immense responsibility
fessed and continues to do so. It should not take a genius to
of restoring harmony in the global order in terms of
infer that the consequences might be no different from what
leading sustainable and peaceful lives. Much of it’s philoso-
we currently witness globally, with the only exception that
phy is reflected in the way we treat our fellow human, the way
the actors might be getting replaced in the process.
we consume resources and more importantly the outlook we hold towards the future. Our ability to rebuild our institutions to profess new ideas or perhaps improvising on ideas nurtured by wisdom which stood the test of times, holds the key to achieve these goals.
Much of the challenges we face today like poverty, food supply, public health, energy, climate change etc. are essentially the product of industrialization, post-colonialism and the continued imposition of ideological prescriptions to these global challenges, including a profoundly Western perspec-
The resounding success of the Asian Economies stretch-
tive of “Development” itself. Though some of these issues are
ing from the oil rich Gulf to the 21st century ‘Hitech’ ASEAN
being rightfully identified and addressed to varying degrees
economies, sandwiching the two big emerging global giants
of success, especially in Politics, Economics, Regional Trade,
namely China and India, is quite reassuring for the propo-
Finance and Regional Security. Much remains to be achieved
nents of dominant ideas like ‘Asian Century’. At the same time,
in Cultural, Philosophical and Technological Domains.
the soft bellies of these societies which are vulnerable to external influence, from both economic and security perspective, along with the internal challenges like tackling hunger, sharing prosperity and rising population that saddle these countries, are zealously exposed by skeptics, to argue that these people are not quite prepared to be there yet, or that they could at best play a supportive role in response to the strategies of current ‘leaders’ who are eager to play the ‘Pivot’ role, even in our own backyards.
Though the current efforts are focused on achieving a deterrence and self-reliance in technology, the approach in harnessing our creative minds to address large scale social issues including housing, public health, transport, food production, medical research and other civilian technologies is mostly driven by our urge to ‘catch up’ or mimic the advanced world. But it should not be hard to realize that much like the imposition of an alien ideology like “Communism”, on a traditionally and culturally rich society like China has created consider-
People with some understanding of global affairs might be
able unrest and a latent discontent or duality as a result of
familiar with all this rhetoric and we already witness a flurry
suppression of their true identity. Similarly, blind imposition
of activity both by state and non-state actors in the region ac-
of culture and technological solutions might also prove less
tively espousing policies geared towards achieving this goal.
productive.
Increasing economic clout, rising military budgets, increasing aid and security contributions, assertiveness on global stage including rising stakes in multilateral financial and security institutions like International Monetary Fund, The World Bank, ASEAN, The BRICS Association, United Nations, Shanghai Cooperation Organization etc.; all point towards a conscious push in the right direction towards realizing the ultimate dream of witnessing a true ‘Asian Century’.
It is also a popular misperception that many facets of our ancient wisdom might be incompatible with ‘Modern’ life or might prove inadequate to address the kind of challenges we face. One reasonable example might be the case of traditional medicine in these societies, be it Ayurveda in India or the popular ‘Traditional Chinese Medicine’ including techniques like ‘Yoga’, ‘Tai Chi’ etc. Though our societies take pride in these ancient treasures which are essentially the product of
But the actual idea behind this article is to dissect some of
accumulated wisdom and scientific pursuit of our past gener-
these developments, to test if our current cultural mindset
ations, we spare little efforts to revive them in their full glory
could really achieve the goals initially espoused at the be-
to enable a new generation of researchers or practitioners
ginning. The pattern of consumption, national policy goals,
to use these approaches to find solutions to modern day
the technological innovations and the lifestyle choices as
ailments, many of them a product of modern lifestyle itself.
imagined by the buoyant middle-class youth of these rising
Another example is our traditional architecture and building 41
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technology which has stood the test of time in full harmo-
nant global religions including Christianity itself, are born in
ny with the local tradition and climatic conditions, unlike the
Asia. One should lament at the reluctance of modern Asia to
energy intensive concrete and steel driven approach of the
profess such indigenous thoughts in the philosophical realm
modern West. Though contested, the western food produc-
as well, rather than getting absorbed in this mindless materi-
tion model which is being touted as a success, has not even
alistic pursuit and indices like GDP, hoping to make good for
turned a century old and we have already started witnessing
its self-esteem or the lack of it. The impact of the loss of such
the perils of such an exhaustive industrial and ‘engineering
cultural ingenuity, on our way of life and in finding solutions
approach’ vis-a-vis the practices that have sustained our civi-
to defining global challenges of our age like ‘Clim ate Change’,
lizations for thousands of years.
‘Consumption’ etc. is reflected in the position taken by these
It is lamentable that our collective consciousness treats all this traditional wisdom as Divine, or something
which
shall
remain
relevant
Asian Economies on their right to pollute vis-a-vis their gen-
Ancient Wisdom & Modern Life
Incompatible?
Misperception!
lonial
netic
42
diversity
of chicken birds
nomenal effort
or comparable mechanisms. To continue to downplay our
exploita-
the loss of ge-
exists that phe-
technology or modern Information Technology Infrastructure
the
tion”).Much like
contrary, proof
our awe and commendation given the lack of mass printing
to
euphemism “co-
further. To the
world does it. In fact it is an astonishing feat, which is worth
have professed,
(avoiding
it
lore, hymns and professional practice, much like the modern
what we would
own ‘ingenuity’
inter vention
them for passing to forthcoming generations as texts, folk-
wonder
status with its
any conscious
to nurture those technologies or practices and to safeguard
One
rise to its current
for
has been made
per as a society.
opportunity
out the need of
enrich
velop and pros-
had Asia had the
eternity, with-
to
uine need to de-
has led to widespread pandemic of Bird Flu, the loss of diversity of culture and the underlying thought process, could also be a recipe for a widespread pandemic affecting our stock of collective wisdom. It directly impacts our attitude towards material consumption, our tolerance or aggression towards other societies and ultimately the peace and sustainable prosperity of the world at large.
own achievements by giving them a secondary role treating
There is a need to encourage the conduct of scientific, tech-
them as ‘alternative approaches’ or turning them into mere
nological, cultural, religious and philosophical thinking
symbolic overtures to draw global attention seeking appreci-
backed by the increasingly assertive political thinking to re-
ation for our new found success, is to deny ourselves and the
juvenate the Asian landscape, which would promise a poten-
world a great opportunity to offer solutions to these modern
tial for indigenous thought and innovation leading to better
day fundamental human challenges, born out of our ingenu-
solutions to address the grand challenges we face. One of the
ity.It should not come as a surprise that almost all the domi-
best ways to achieve that dream is to envisage the birth of a
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new age, truly indigenous Asian University incorporating the best our minds from all countries across the region and from all walks of life. The wisdom of Confucius, Ancient Nalanda, Al-Azhar etc.; can be forged together to cultivate new ideas which truly reflect the so called ‘Oriental’ or otherwise the 21st century ‘Asian Thought’. In this context it is already quite encouraging to witness the collective efforts of these nations for the revival of modern day “Nalanda University”, which was the beacon of learning in Ancient India following Buddhist traditions which attracted intellectuals from Far East as well. However it remains to be seen as to how much effort will be made to revive indigenous wisdom and knowledge with an aim to address modern day social and technological challenges, from an Asian perspective. It is quite apparent that China as a nation would be a major stakeholder in any such collective effort and it is the hope that the impetus for such an action would come from the new generation intellectuals of Asia from both Scientific, Technological and Arts & Cultural background across the world.
About the Author Raghavendra Adla is currently a Doctoral Student at Purdue Engineering hailing from India. Any comments, suggestions could be sent to adla.raghu@gmail.com 43
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luo
jie
罗 姐 撰文 _ 李妤 Pictures From Internet
罗姐出生在 1961 年 11 月 14 日，天蝎座。 “要死要死咯”她总笑自己的生日不吉利。
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1961 年正值中国三年自然灾害，作为家里最后诞生的孩子，罗姐没有吸收到足够的营养就茫茫然来到 这个世界。也正因为如此罗姐一直面色较暗沉，并且落下了先天性腿疾。 罗姐小名“蹦子”，是因为从小最爱在床上蹦来蹦去。在罗姐没发现自己髋关节骨头坏死之前，罗姐 最爱做的事情是跳舞。13,4 岁的年纪罗姐是校舞蹈队的领舞，自己编排舞蹈教同学然后新年晚会在全校 师生面前演出。罗姐说起这段回忆眼睛里总是熠熠生辉。 1979 年，恢复高考的第三年，家里三个兄弟姐妹没能有福气赶上，罗姐侥幸的逃脱了下放的命运参加 了高考。那年她尚未明白高考的性质，恍然去考了回来落下个中专学历，因为长相出众被分配去了旅 游学校。毕业后辗转去到中国旅行社，在旅行社上下班时遇到了年纪相仿的老张。 老张也是 1961 年生，7 月中旬的巨蟹。出生于一个附属县城里的老张 78 年高考失利，复读一年进了城 里最好大学的法语系。那样的年纪学一门外语是件新鲜事，他回忆起当时年轻的外籍法语老师戴着头 盔骑着老式的能坐人的三轮哈雷摩托带着他游一圈樱花校园仍是笑意满面。毕业后老张被分到国际旅 行社，也就是在这遇见了自己的初恋。他在 5 楼，她在 3 楼。据老张后来交代，与他的女神第一次说话 之前他就已经小鹿乱撞。因为罗姐面色较暗黄，老张以为罗姐年纪稍长，于是在自我介绍时偷偷说大 了一点自己的年龄。后来愣头青般找了借口就往三楼串，只为了见一见梦中的女孩。老张的同学后来 跟罗姐说，那年他去旅游局探望老张，与罗姐擦身而过时老张像青春期不涉世事的大男孩那样兴奋的 捅着他说看就是那个女孩！就是那个我喜欢的。 罗姐一直瞧不上老张。老张是县城出来的少有的大学高材生，长相就是如今我们说的屌丝，充其量是 个正经模样。罗姐命运虽多舛，心里还是挺清高的。老张回忆，罗姐青春辉煌时期一直都是冷艳的样 子，身边不乏追求者。纠葛七年，老张追了罗姐五年，死缠烂打，威逼利诱，罗姐忽冷忽热爱理不理， 常常折磨得老张生不如死。那时候老张从长江的这头过江去对岸看罗姐，晚上 10 点没有了轮渡老张骑 自行车过大桥凌晨才到家。好的时候自行车后座是无限温柔，坏起来晚上也有躲在被子里掉男儿泪。 罗姐说起来颇为得意，也是她告诉我感情是可以慢慢培养的。
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两人都是初恋，29 岁成婚。罗姐在大饭店做过服务员，也有在
2000 年，罗姐带着六岁的女儿去参加了小学入学面试。第一所
学校任职过英语老师。种种艰辛命运波折让罗姐意识到自己的不
小学的问题是长颈鹿的脖子为什么那么长，她的女儿没能答出来。
甘平凡。于是在他们结婚的这一年，罗姐自己借钱孤身一人去了
第二所小学的面试过了，女儿上了第一届传说中的贵族班。除了
澳洲留学，老张也被公派去了中国驻非洲领事馆。一别二三年，
赞助费学费也是昂贵的，罗姐却尽力给女儿创造好条件。
电话很少打一个，实在撑不下去的时候清高坚韧的罗姐都不会通 电话寻求安慰。白日里罗姐在工厂流水线上打工赚学费，晚上去
2003 年，罗姐去医院检查发现自己有先天性股骨头坏死。做了
夜校上课，身边没有一个中国人。时常睡觉前因担心第二天吃不
介入手术却不得好转，只是拖着冬天就隐隐作痛反复发作的腿继
上口饭而焦虑，更不提攒出回国探亲的机票钱。其间最疼爱她的
续生活着。
奶奶去世，也只是隔着电话放声大哭，归时除了面对冷清的墓碑 抽泣，天人两隔再无他法。
2006 年成绩良好的女儿毕业，没有考上理想的初中。犹豫再三
1992 年，31 岁的两人回国顺利找到满意的工作开始了奋斗的中年，
她还是一咬牙交了赞助费送去，却成了她一生中最后悔的决定。
从需要公用厕所的二十几坪老房子搬家到离市区不远处六十几坪
2009 年夏天的毕业典礼上，她和老张坐在主席台后的观众席上
的新家。
看着欢笑着领毕业照的学生们，一语不发的掉眼泪。坚强如她从 未感觉到这样的挫败，回家后一直双眼通红，瞬间苍老了好几岁。
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1994 年 6 月底，城市夏日最猛烈的时刻，33 岁的高龄产妇罗姐
这是在中考成绩出来的后几天，几乎没有好学校会要女儿这样成
在医院剖腹产下一个女婴。这一年她剪短了自然卷长发，他们第
绩的学生。她是受过苦知道成绩多么重要的人，总是严格要求女
一次用上了空调，买了第一台用大影碟带的摄像机，后来又二手
儿，女儿却把心用在恋爱小说短信日记儿女情长上。她说自己这
买了人生中第一辆 jeep。出过国的人好像总是浪漫一些，他们记
么成功，却有个这样不争气的女儿，但即使是这样，罗姐也从未
录下无数个三人在一起的美好岁月，老式录影带复古得煽情，逝
想过放弃。也是初中毕业的这个夏天，罗姐做了股骨头置换手术。
去的日子一晃而过。这个女婴成为他们人生中最重要的财富。由
进入手术室经过漫长四小时的等待罗姐被推出手术室，由于失血
于要上班罗姐只好把女儿寄放在外婆家，到周末接回家待两天，
过多面色发黑嘴唇惨白。在医院待了一个多月回家休养，人消瘦
周日晚上又坐上公交车送女儿回江对面，离别时总是依依不舍眼
了一大圈，留下左腿侧面一条长达 15cm 的疤痕。遭受了这样的
眶微红。
罪罗姐还是坚韧的重新站起来，回到忙碌的工作与家庭中。 交
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钱送去郊区的高中，第一天女儿就哭着吵着要回家说饭都没得吃。 中午下午加吃饭时间只能休息 40 分钟，早上 6:30 起床上自习， 晚上 10 点下晚自习，冬天宿舍连热水都没有，洗澡只能拿热水 瓶去拎。女儿的成绩一直中不溜秋，偏科得不成形状，几年来找 了 7,8 个数学家教。罗姐从女儿二岁多的时候就开始教她英语字 母，后来逐渐养成了对她说英文的习惯。可女儿从来都是回复中 文，怎么鼓励都开不了口。英文语文也就是普通成色，罗姐没少 焦虑得掉头发。那对于罗姐来说是无比灰暗的六年，没有丝毫成 就感。 罗姐没有生在最好的岁月，但生在了最适合的岁月。美丽容颜难 敌衰老，命运却因机遇改变。不靠任何人的助力罗姐创造了较殷 实的家庭条件。2011 年 8 月，下了最大的决心罗姐冒险赌上一切 把女儿送去留学预科班。一切都突然出现了转机豁然开朗。2012 年 5 月收到 TOEFL 成绩时罗姐说她做梦都要笑醒了。直到同年 9 月收到满意的 offer，罗姐才终于找回了失去多年的笑颜。好少 见到她笑容这么多，一连几天都是满意的。这么少的可怜的快乐 其实多好满足啊，她突然从大女人变成了小女人。
却鲜少在不打折的时候光顾，时常进去挑挑捡捡却最终空手而归。 她最爱的人，是我。
此时的罗姐已经需要佩戴老花镜才能看清手机短信内容。女儿开 始嫌弃她对服装的鉴赏能力跟不上时代，嫌弃她腿脚不便要麻烦
18 年后，我终于长大到懂事的年纪，承认了过往的叛逆，为无
自己登高处放东西，嫌弃她不会用电子产品，嫌弃她帮忙收拾杂
数不听劝的冲动暗自后悔，为被迫作出的决定庆幸。母亲对我恩
乱的房间，嫌弃她看不到东西寻求帮忙，嫌弃她这么大岁数还喜
重如山，不是简单一句承诺可以报答的。想起她啰嗦过的无数经
欢抱着自己亲吻。忘记了是谁教会自己走路说话用电脑满足自己
典名言里也只有那句“学习不是为别人而是为自己”是我不会认
几乎所有要求，是谁不厌其烦的做着繁琐家务维持整洁是谁毫无
同的。因为往后的学业里我是为了母亲，带着长达六年的失望回
保留的表达着爱。 什么时候起罗姐的白发多得已经到了掩饰不
馈母亲。
住的地步，黑眼圈用什么护肤品也无法遮盖，鱼尾纹一笑就皱起 来。人生陡然过去一大半，罗姐要进入第 52 年了。
虽然外表活泼开朗无忧无虑，内在的我仿佛在情感人生上一直担 任较成熟的角色，和一些年纪稍长的人聊天很多观念都被认同接
女儿也已经 18 岁，还有四十来天就要去美国。从未让女儿远离
纳。母亲作为人生导师循序渐进灌输给我的思想让我受用终身。
自己身边的她又开始忧伤，担忧女儿学习跟不上过了苦日子。她
她一直是镇静沉稳理性的，无数个我不知所措的电话她接起就能
是平凡人家出来的孩子，却给了女儿富足无忧的青春。前些时老
立刻稳定我的情绪。是因为这样我才能真实的毫不慌张的活下去，
张翻出罗姐 19 岁的照片，阳光下温存的摩挲着相片里那张爱了
是她解决我所有的迷惑和后患之忧。是她挡下父亲火冒三丈时的
一生的脸，轻柔的说了一声：哎，那时你妈妈多美啊。
巴掌，是她隐忍我的肆意发泄，是她在管束下教会我独立。
写到这里真的是眼泪纵横。
第五十一年，陪伴我的第十八个岁月，我责备老天不给我更长的
母亲最喜欢的偶像是费翔和孙楠。记得那次看电视上的费翔专题，
时间与她相守，羡慕他人的母亲比我的年轻。她不是普通的母亲
主持人叫费翔给自己的妈妈级粉丝们说一句话。费翔说，谢谢你
不是最伟大的母亲，她是只属于幸运的我的母亲。在单位里她被
们一直喜欢我陪着我，我老了，你们也不再年轻了，感谢你们。
唤作罗姐的次数颇多，以此命名，草草真实。
我回头看罗姐，嘴角仍是小姑娘般的笑意双目内却有泪光。她最 中意的花是百合，却不舍得让老张花钱买，只有公司记着她的喜
拿一年前在预科班背托福词汇时偷懒上网无意看到的一句话收尾
好过生日时送她的一大捧百合花她会拿回家一直摆放到凋谢。她
吧。
最爱吃的是螃蟹，到了秋天农历 8，9 月的时候去超市买点小的 过过瘾便止，因为价格实在太贵。她最欣赏的衣服牌子是哥弟，
【每当写起母亲，我的笔就跪着爬行】。
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晚安月球人 ——写在阿姆斯特朗逝世一周年 撰文 _ 李罗丹
题记——对于阿姆斯特朗来说，葬礼都是多此一举的。因为在他生前，我们已经像对待 死人一样对待他了。万圣节的时候要为他点南瓜灯，圣诞节的时候要为他戴上红帽子。 下雪天，Cary 的男生们躲在热气腾腾的屋子里，透过凝霜的玻璃窗便能看到他。他顶着 一头白雪，孤独地看着远处的月亮。
阿姆斯特朗坐在那里，像一个孤独的思考者，仿佛从未从月球回来。白天，他待客无数。 小孩骑上他的脖子，姑娘邀他勾肩搭背，男生并排而坐学他一般深沉；夜晚，湿了一脸 的露珠或者顶了一头雪的时候，一粟很亮的光从工程楼的尖顶洒下，他便连躲进黑暗的 资格都被剥夺了。有时显得窘迫。 也只有到了深夜，看热闹的人退去，找乐子的家伙倦了，他才慢慢活过来，人们对他的感 受也不再止于纪念亦或瞻仰。深夜里的慢跑者肺叶张合、学术之余的孤男寡女们神情沉顿、 偶尔有自行车胎压过地面出风口发出“咣当”的响声，松鼠爪子在水泥地上划出“呲呲” 的焦躁，还有野兔在空荡的教学楼之间向一处呆望，或慢吞吞地擦摩着草杆子钻进暖窝。 明天这里将集市若渴，川流涌动，陌生人会带着一丝不挂的好奇心和瞻仰目光向他袭来。 然而他只想躲进黑夜。可即使在黑夜，他都无法逃离头顶上那束注定的光。 多年前，当他第一次坐上这块石头的时候，他就感觉屁股微微有点凉。 在这座雕像落成之前，各种猜想弥烂在普渡师生中。一种最经典的形象便是头套玻璃球， 身裹米其林，一手插着星条旗，一手叉腰的伟大征服者。有的人觉得这画面太简单粗暴， 应在意“个人一小步，人类一大步”，从脚上做一些文章。雕像落成的时候，众人似懂 非懂地点头，伟人原来是坐着的。 伟人应该是站着的，至少像亚历山大或者拿破仑那样骑在马背上，再不济也学学大本钟 对面的老丘吉尔驻一根拐杖吧。坐也要有坐相，人家林肯坐在宫殿里像宙斯一样威严， 至于阿姆斯特朗，好歹也是全人类的英雄，美国的骄傲，怎么晃荡着两条腿呢？ 要坐着，还要低调地坐着。你看，那些站着挥手的雕像基本没有一个善始善终。柏林墙 倒塌的时候，东柏林上空盘旋的飞机把拦腰截断的列宁像吊在半空；美军驶入巴格达， 头等大事就是派土方车拉倒那个挥手致意的狂妄的独裁者。站着的，总是第一时间被打倒。 所以要坐着，要低调。 而“低调”恰恰正是这个人类史上第一个登月者的苦苦追寻的东西。聚光灯下、演讲台前、 总统握手、英雄勋章，人类穷其所长的一切花哨和赞溢去拥戴一个伟人的时候，他们忘 2012 年 8 月 25 日， 阿姆斯特朗因心脏 搭桥手术后的并发 症逝世，享年 82 岁
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了伟人不过是一个热衷于飞行的“工科男”。对于阿姆斯特朗，天空的高度比聚光灯的 数量更迷人，俯瞰人类比拥抱人类更惬意。 阿姆斯特朗这么一坐，不仅坐出了孤独，更坐出了人文关怀。 或许人文关怀便是当强者示弱的时候。而坐下的月球人比站着更为高大。
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Zimeng Guo/ Jessica Public Relations and Advertising, Art&Design and Entrepreneurship and Innovation minor Not in school, taking a gap year to do internships in Ogilvy Beijing
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