VOICE
北美留学生杂志
“GROWN UP”
PARENTS
UGH,THE
ASIAN RUINS THE CURVE AGAIN`
THE SPRING FESTIVAL
雨城
LE
访雅 问正
PLAN A
那些未被 引爆的炸弹们
SALON
生活，从美食出发
MULTI
CULTURE
ATHANATOI--ORIENTAL CLASSICS IN PERPETUITY
天章旧事
卷首语 甲午岁祀，春枝初发，而后樱梨桃楠相继繁华；暖风 渐来，所以霜雪雨露相与作息；泽被天下，郁郁兮藤 萝茂矣。阜前隘川所渐，蕈色光衽而思故乡。国中大 河，承周南勤美之风，基业所在，歌以长寄我思乎！ 洛川亹亹 载芃载桃 沉玉其极 且渊且扩 渥渥以承薰 洛川澹澹 舟航以棹 绣絺为赤 缟襟雪袂 妍妍以为好 洛川汤汤 执子潢辔 腾雾逾辉 归子涂椒 卿卿以和鸾 洛川泱泱 草靡之东 君子柔远 旷达苍彼 谷风其习习
FROM THE EDITOR
Everybody thirsts to speak out load especially when they do not have a right channel to express themselves. Being international students redirects our life course and distinguishes us from our peers at age 18. The loneliness that originates from homesick and from not being understood by others compels us to advocate our perspective and life status. For such purpose, VOICE was born. Two years has passed since VOICE’s foundation. We endeavored by all means to be the best magazine by and for Chinese students at North America. The Magazine has passed her infancy and is now rising to her puberty. Our first two issues gained a lot of support from the public; thereon we will never cease the attempt to inspire our readers by putting forth the zeal and devotion as always.
VOICE NEVER FADE AWAY
Xiaotong Wu
This is our third issue. After determining the theme, we have spent 4 months to go through the whole design process. As I am writing this letter now, proofreading and review are still on air. In the four months, we began with contracting writers, preparing for articles, designing pages, and getting sponsorships in which I felt a power of a united team. Although team members are much diverted in terms of background and locality, the passion and commitment towards the magazine united us and thereby provided impeccable provision for the publication of Issue 3. Our theme this time is to interact with Chinese and American culture. Each article has its own features and shows diversities between China and America in terms of culture, life, and art. In addition, we demonstrate the interactions between the two nations by telling stories about Chinese students living in American and vice versa. We hope to show true images that how we as international students live in North America. Having been through the undertaking of Issue 1-3, though limited resources may hinder our path, we never stop advocating for Chinese students in North America because voices of our heart never fade away.
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CONTENTS 总编辑 Editor-in-chief 吴笑童 Xiaotong Wu
PREAMBLE
副总编辑 Associate Editor 杨必锵 Biqiang Yang
EDITOR’S LETTER
责任编辑 Responsible Editor 陈杰睿 Jerry Chen
LIVE
设计总监 Design Director 汪牧汀 Muting Wang 市场总监 Marketing Director 杨葳 Wei Yang 财务主管 Treasure 蒋韵 Yun Jiang 编辑部 Editor Group 赖娴子 Xianzi Lai 王一贺 Yihe Wang 张玉璋 Yuzhang Zhang 周晓雨 Xiaoyu Zhou 美编部 Design Group 潘麒宇 Qiyu Pan 黄钰婷 Yuting Huang 黄佩莹 Peiying Huang 程宜苏 Yisu Cheng 市场部 陈旸旸 谭腾伦 苗若楠
Marketing Group Yangyang Chen 王雨默 Yumo Wang Tenglun Tan 宗嘉豪 Jiahao Zong Ruonan Miao
摄影部 Photograph Group 罗梅玄子 Meixuanzi Luo 吴卓尔 Zhuoer Wu 张弛中 Chizhong Zhang 朱铁政 Tiezheng Zhu
4 6 9 14
生活，从美食出发 雨城 by 张玉璋
“Grown Up” Parents by Luodan Li Ugh, the Asian Ruins the Curve Again by Jerry Chen
CULTURE
16 18 20 21 22
The Spring Festival by Christian S Wright 访雅问正 by 吴笑童 The Tears of Age by Jerry Chen 天章旧事 by 杨必锵 Athanatoi---Oriental Classics in Perpetuity by 杨必锵
ART
26 28
洛城牧羊式物语 by 温子豪 Le Salon——Purdue en lumiere by 张弛中
网站设计 Website Developer 王江昊 Jianghao Wang
SOCIETY
特别鸣谢 李罗丹 Luodan Li 杨蓝官李庆 Guanliqing L. Yang 彭想 Xiang Peng 方忱 Chen Fang 温子豪 Zihao Wen
INTERACTION
刊名：VOICE我是 出版期刊：学期刊 创办年份：2013 期号：3 联系电话：765-421-3954；765-714-2049； 765-714-8328 投稿：crystal93wu@gmail.com 广告：yang208.purdue@gmail.com
by 彭想
36 那些未被引爆的炸弹们 by 方忱 39 契诃夫的枪 by 李罗丹 42
Plan A by 赖娴子
PURDUE RELATED
46
MIXin’ it up with MIX
46 28
20
V Culture
生活，从美食出发 文／彭想
4
之前经常听到在欧洲、美国留学的朋友抱怨过所谓的“海外黑暗
个比较吧。给我最大的感觉就是，原来以为日料是又贵又难吃，
之前经常听到在欧洲、美国留学的朋友抱怨过所谓的”海外黑暗 料理”，我本身也因在日本留学多年，所以和所有人一样，对于
在美国对于正宗的的‘美食体验’总的来说都是痛苦的，不拿博 现在看来，美食更是不仅贵而且说它是翔也不为过吧，说起来便
料理”，我本身也因在日本留学多年，所以和所有人一样，对于 留学生那颗“终日对中华美食心向往之的胃”非常理解。再加上
大精深的中华美食做比较，就拿四年来在日本的食物体验作为一 都是泪。
留学生那颗‘终日对中华美食心向往之的胃’非常理解。再加上 本人自留学后，哪怕是各种观念各种习惯都被改变了，胃依然是
个比较吧。给我最大的感觉就是，原来以为日料是又贵又难吃，
本人自留学后，哪怕是各种观念各种习惯都被改变了，胃依然是 中国胃，于是便在食物昂贵的岛国开始了掌勺下厨的人生。这次
现在看来，美食更是不仅贵而且说它是翔也不为过吧，说起来便 如果你想去超市買零食解馋，我认为中国人在美国是买不到“零
中国胃，于是便在食物昂贵的岛国开始了掌勺下厨的人生。这次 来美国虽然只是短短暂住一个月，一来想凭借东瀛习得的一身厨
都是泪。 食”的。越尝试越绝望，每一次尝试都是一种教训。饼干糕点
来美国虽然只是短短暂住一个月，一来想凭借东瀛习得的一身厨 艺解救男友对中华美食的相思之疾，二来也是为我这颗中国胃今
如果你想去超市買零食解馋，我认为中国人在美国是买不到‘零 蛋糕就是在吃糖，而且是很甜很甜的糖，一口一口咬下去只觉
艺解救男友对中华美食的相思之疾，二来也是为我这颗中国胃今 后随夫赴美做一些研究和准备。我并非专业的美食家，短短的居
食’的。越尝试越绝望，每一次尝试都是一种教训。饼干糕点蛋 得是满嘴的糖。特别是cupcake，不知道美国人是怎么想的，
后随夫赴美做一些研究和准备。我并非专业的美食家，短短的居 住只进出与当地的Safeway和沃尔玛以及加州三家ranch99华
糕就是在吃糖，而且是很甜很甜的糖，一口一口咬下去只觉得是 无论什么口味什么颜色什么size，就是浓浓的一杯一杯的糖。
住只进出与当地的Safeway和沃尔玛以及加州三家ranch99华人 人超市，一家之言，仅供参考，与在美的朋友们以及将来有可能
满嘴的糖。特别是cupcake，不知道美国人是怎么想的，无论什 然后是各自饮料，除了100%的橙汁全世界都差不多外，其他真
超市，一家之言，仅供参考，与在美的朋友们以及将来有可能去 去美国体验美国食文化的朋友们分享一下我的【美食观】。
么口味什么颜色什么size，就是浓浓的一杯一杯的糖。然后是各 的不要轻易尝试，什么芒果汁啊混合汁啊各种berry的汁啊，就
美国体验美国食文化的朋友们分享一下我的【美食观】。
自饮料，除了100%的橙汁全世界都差不多外，其他真的不要轻 还是高浓度的口味奇怪的糖水及糖水的混合物。还有非常诡异
首先，我觉得一个地方的饮食文化的形成与发展往往依靠一个本
易尝试，什么芒果汁啊混合汁啊各种berry的汁啊，就还是高浓 的coconut water记忆尤其深刻，终于不甜了，但又咸得很奇
首先，我觉得一个地方的饮食文化的形成与发展往往依靠一个本 土的地缘因素以及多元性的人文因素造成的。而地形丰富、土地
度的口味奇怪的糖水及糖水的混合物。还有非常诡异的coconut 怪。这个和日本比，感觉日本满大街的便利店里面随意一种饮料
土的地缘因素以及多元性的人文因素造成的。而地形丰富、土地 广阔的大美国在短短两百年的历史中又海纳百川，讲全世界多个
water记忆尤其深刻，终于不甜了，但又咸得很奇怪。这个和日 都是业界良心，随意拿个甜品更是除了萌之外，口味也是绝对惊
广阔的大美国在短短两百年的历史中又海纳百川，讲全世界多个 国家、种族的人聚拢在这里。而这些庞大多样的外来族移民在这
本比，感觉日本满大街的便利店里面随意一种饮料都是业界良 喜的！所以美国绝大部分的蛋糕和面包是难看的糖块，饮料是难
国家、种族的人聚拢在这里。而这些庞大多样的外来族移民在这 里成家立业、落地生根，将美国成为世界人种的大熔炉，所以“
心，随意拿个甜品更是除了萌之外，口味也是绝对惊喜的！所以 喝的糖水。
里成家立业、落地生根，将美国成为世界人种的大熔炉，所以“ 美食”的形成也就来自于这个“大熔炉”。
美国绝大部分的蛋糕和面包是难看的糖块，饮料是难喝的糖水。
美食”的形成也就来自于这个“大熔炉”。
然后我不能接受的是食物的size。牛奶是桶装的，火鸡比气球 然后我不能接受的是食物的size。牛奶是桶装的，火鸡比气球还
在美国对于正宗的“美食体验”总的来说都是痛苦的，不拿博大
大，暂先不说American siz的bra对于东方女性而言就是两个
精深的中华美食做比较，就拿四年来在日本的食物体验作为一
锅盖，可是美国人的胃总不能有4个吧。牛肉的确很便宜，一盒
V Culture safeway的牛肉和小日本比，可以将它切成上百片装进50盒在 还大，暂先不说American siz的bra对于东方女性而言就是两个 日本超市卖，完全可以摆上一冰柜根本不夸张！如果拿safe锅盖，可是美国人的胃总不能有4个吧。牛肉的确很便宜，一盒
前前后后去了加州的三家华人超市，实在不得不佩服大美国，价 说了美食那么多偏激的坏话，但又让我对美食从绝望中重生的却 格之低廉，物资之丰富无法想象。另外我还去了专门的日本超 依然存在的，那就是在美国的中餐馆、华人等国外超市。我前前
way一冰柜的牛肉，感觉可以在日本包揽下一座城的所有超市 safeway的牛肉和小日本比，可以将它切成上百片装进50盒在日 的牛肉了。然后是生鱼片，超市里一盒生鱼片的量比日本一家餐 本超市卖，完全可以摆上一冰柜根本不夸张！如果拿safeway一
市，总算是让我为生存在这里的岛国人民的担忧有所了缓解。这 后后去了加州的三家华人超市，实在不得不佩服大美国，价格之 些进口超市进去后如同进入另一个国家，不亏是个移民大世界。 低廉，物资之丰富无法想象。另外我还去了专门的日本超市，总
馆一个晚上做的生鱼片还要多。 冰柜的牛肉，感觉可以在日本包揽下一座城的所有超市的牛肉
这些代表着其他国家的食文化在这片彩色的大土地上养着一群一 算是让我为生存在这里的岛国人民的担忧有所了缓解。这些进口 群来自各地的人的胃，同时也逐渐被融合成美国人的食文化。 超市进去后如同进入另一个国家，不亏是个移民大世界。这些代
了。然后是生鱼片，超市里一盒生鱼片的量比日本一家餐馆一个 值得一提的还有就是ham那样的火腿的存在简直让人望而生 晚上做的生鱼片还要多。 畏，嚼之如腊，食之翔味。即便如此，你依然可以看到美国人乐
表着其他国家的食文化在这片彩色的大土地上养着一群一群来自 因为美国这片大地太特殊，如果你想分清美国人和外国人是很难 各地的人的胃，同时也逐渐被融合成美国人的食文化。
此不疲地制造出成千上百的ham，就如他们制造的各种cheese 值得一提的还有就是ham那样的火腿的存在简直让人望而生 一样，一冰柜一冰柜令郎满目，但我们心里都知道，那是灵魂无 畏，嚼之如腊，食之翔味。即便如此，你依然可以看到美国人乐 法触碰的地方。但比起这个，水果长得非常诱人，像极了国内 此不疲地制造出成千上百的ham，就如他们制造的各种cheese 90年代装饰房子那些挂壁画上的水果，但味道非常怪异（这里 一样，一冰柜一冰柜令郎满目，但我们心里都知道，那是灵魂无 指的是美国当地水果），我那么爱吃水果的人几次三番尝试都是 法触碰的地方。但比起这个，水果长得非常诱人，像极了国内 一试一个黑名单。每次我尝试一种美国食物都会表情痛苦，你知 90年代装饰房子那些挂壁画上的水果，但味道非常怪异（这里 我知，就在几天前我买到了一个好喝的青柠汁，当时感觉这就是 指的是美国当地水果），我那么爱吃水果的人几次三番尝试都是 美国人民的骄傲，觉得这绝对是低调的华丽。感动得爱不释手、 一试一个黑名单。每次我尝试一种美国食物都会表情痛苦，你知 辗转难眠，斯坦福的中国留学生代表也准备将它作为长期饮品。 我知，就在几天前我买到了一个好喝的青柠汁，当时感觉这就是 当时我真的想冲回超市在标签上写赞写推荐，之后还特地给它来 美国人民的骄傲，觉得这绝对是低调的华丽。感动得爱不释手、 个文艺小清新的摆拍赞扬它。真是可喜可悲。 辗转难眠，斯坦福的中国留学生代表也准备将它作为长期饮品。 当时我真的想冲回超市在标签上写赞写推荐，之后还特地给它来 最后关于“美食”就是进入饭店，无论在哪个城市旅游，满足 个文艺小清新的摆拍赞扬它。真是可喜可悲。 的，要以国籍分还是以肤色分呢？这片自由包容的土地有太多种 因为美国这片大地太特殊，如果你想分清美国人和外国人是很难 族太多国家的人聚集在此，但严格意义上而言，他们在代表自己 的，要以国籍分还是以肤色分呢？这片自由包容的土地有太多种 那天长地久的故乡的同时，更代表了真正的“美国人”的风貌。 族太多国家的人聚集在此，但严格意义上而言，他们在代表自己 在这里，谁都不像是美国人，但谁都可以是美国人。而这种变 那天长地久的故乡的同时，更代表了真正的“美国人”的风貌。 成“美国人”的热潮也在日日不断，朝朝不息地继续进行着，发 在这里，谁都不像是美国人，但谁都可以是美国人。而这种变 展着。所有来到这里的人们扛着文化的差异，如同我无法适应的 成‘美国人’的热潮也在日日不断，朝朝不息地继续进行着，发 胃，但又在这片土地找到立场，如同我能寻找到最熟悉的食材。 展着。所有来到这里的人们扛着文化的差异，如同我无法适应的 这一切看似矛盾却又和谐，看似无序，却又这样有序地进行了数 胃，但又在这片土地找到立场，如同我能寻找到最熟悉的食材。 百年。而食文化也只是这文化汪洋大海中的一个浪而已。 这一切看似矛盾却又和谐，看似无序，却又这样有序地进行了数 百年。而食文化也只是这文化汪洋大海中的一个浪而已。 写到最后，我从“美食”谈到了在美的“中食”，从中食中又想
大家的真正属于本土美食的不外乎就是汉堡、热狗这样的快餐。 最后关于‘美食’就是进入饭店，无论在哪个城市旅游，满大家 美国人对于食物的态度，给我的感觉就是“随意”，这种随意不 的真正属于本土美食的不外乎就是汉堡、热狗这样的快餐。美国 是一种午后阳光的清新休闲，而是一种大大咧咧不修边幅的“放 人对于食物的态度，给我的感觉就是‘随意’，这种随意不是一 纵”和“随便”，也许这样说有些夸张。但我总觉得他们吃得太 种午后阳光的清新休闲，而是一种大大咧咧不修边幅的‘放纵’
到了来到这里如同我一般，平凡的，活生生的人。我想我们都在 写到最后，我从‘美食’谈到了在美的‘中食’，从中食中又想 抵抗，我们也都在顺应，或许长期或许短期，或许只是我们的 到了来到这里如同我一般，平凡的，活生生的人。我想我们都在 胃，或许还有我们的美国心。 抵抗，我们也都在顺应，或许长期或许短期，或许只是我们的 胃，或许还有我们的美国心。
粗糙，不拿日本岛国对日料如艺术品般的精神，就拿杂草般的中 和‘随便’，也许这样说有些夸张。但我总觉得他们吃得太粗 国人也是对食物从不怠慢，天南地北五湖四海对【食物】也是讲 糙，不拿日本岛国对日料如艺术品般的精神，就拿杂草般的中国 究的不得了。而每个地方的美国人却一日三餐都可以薯条汉堡， 人也是对食物从不怠慢，天南地北五湖四海对【食物】也是讲究 牛排猪排，热狗面包……感觉他们的食物就是添加了cheese、 的不得了。而每个地方的美国人却一日三餐都可以薯条汉堡， 奶油、黄油、糖的组合，总之嘴里不是油就是糖。 牛排猪排，热狗面包……感觉他们的食物就是添加了cheese、奶 油、黄油、糖的组合，总之嘴里不是油就是糖。 说了美食那么多偏激的坏话，但又让我对美食从绝望中重生的感
(图片均来自网络）
觉却依然存在的，那就是在美国的中餐馆、华人等国外超市。我
(图片均来自网络)
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V Culture
西雅图这个传说中365天里有300天都在下雨的 地方，是座当你离开才恍然明白不舍的城市。
文/ 张玉璋
V Culture 这感受来源于在我离芝加哥还有80miles的上空孤身从深梦中惊
也就理解如今的他无所谓的态度。
醒时。离群只是偶然，并不喜欢所谓文艺的一个人旅行；没有单 反，不过是个拿手机拍照的闲人。一个人坐飞机惯了，发现美国
“现在再经历一次你会怎么做？”
机舱里空调直教人捉摸不透，梦里惊出一身汗是常事。昏昏沉沉 陷入思考的疆域，独自飞行便成为趣事。
“不知道......总不会再放她走就是了。”
这次的故事简单，是我在西雅图听来的一些唏嘘。
花茶咖啡搅合搅合很快凉了，奶沫也逐渐停滞。
彼地招待我的友人之一是个喜爱后摇文化的男孩Y，一路上播放
这里的生活不紧不慢，下午5点差不多天就黑了，总是在指针指
迷幻音乐，后摇几乎成了我西雅图之行的主题。刚进西雅图市区
向7的时候惊讶的发现原来并不是快要归家的时间。这真是让人
并没有想象的好，老天一直坏脾气，城市楼房高高低低相映成
欣喜，也同样让人恐惧。时间大部分是被消耗掉的，直接跳过早
趣，离芝加哥的鳞次栉比差距稍大。接下去的日子整夜沿着浮桥
餐睡到午饭的时间，惺忪的出门吃个什么快餐就仿佛快到夜晚。
由Bellevue开回家，西雅图的深夜总会有雾水，灿黄的路灯隐
然而对于假期无所事事的本身就需要被消磨的光阴，选择待在西
于白色茫茫一片中散开温存的光，坐在副驾驶的Y用餐后总会点
雅图是错不了的。属于文艺的夜，我们去了历史悠久的电影院看
根烟开窗在湿冷的空气里探出手，一颗星火绰约在指缝。那么多
新上映的文艺片《她》（“Her”）。来这的人打了文艺的旗号
精彩瞬间这却是让我难以忘怀的一抹，因了这是西雅图，在起伏
多少有些稀奇古怪——带羽毛的帽子、浅褐色的小羊皮大衣、破
的山丘与迷幻的背景乐里总藏着股欧洲小镇风味。文艺的方式有
旧的高筒靴子、点了绿锈的项链手镯，每个人不同却又仿佛是相
很多种，Y沉迷于二手市场和小众乐队演出，自己也在国内组建
通的。看完是凌晨的夜，雾气又盘上半山腰，我们嬉笑着走在无
过乐队，卧室里有几把夜里能把室友逼疯的插电吉他。七十刀的
人的路上不舍得回家，迎面而来一对紧紧相拥的同性情侣。眼神
佳能相机，十五刀的硬牛皮背包，总是被我们轻易拿来调笑。此
对视片刻我还有些愣神，对方却先笑了，点头示意并满眼无害的
外他有个独特习惯便是每次买来的香烟品牌都不同；正如他喜爱
羔羊状。于是这一晚也就圆满了。
的女孩一样有许多种。 西雅图一直潮湿，没有纽约的富丽堂皇，不若华盛顿首府的博大 离开的前一夜又下起不急不慢的雨，倾斜的路面倾泻着流水，
辽阔，亦不及芝加哥的紧凑浮华。她就是有些古色的柔柔依傍着
雨刮不急，淋湿的华盛顿大学街道的夜里朋友放了一首 The
海，若是阴天了就淡淡的点了水幽幽郁郁的沉寂着；若是气色
Raveonettes 的 “She Owns the Streets”。歌词大致描述歌
好，日照浮城的时候海鸥便载了一整日的好心情出海。于是帆船
手看到一个女孩在街头独自跳舞，路人都以为她嗑了药或是精神
与游轮皆沿着海港于碧海蓝天下静静期待。前一夜和多年的老友
失常，但他却惊鸿一瞥为之自顾美丽的舞蹈心醉，她就像拥有这
们喝了些酒，第二日醒来居然晴空万里，被雨梳洗过后的城市起
条街道一般盛放青春。心情极好，下车数了一二三年轻的我们便
伏于繁忙之中。远处层云叠嶂，出门不一会儿下起太阳雨，拐个
咯咯笑着快速跑到街对面的咖啡馆，有路人为我们客气的撑门。
弯赫然一道彩虹横空出世倾入眼帘。从未见过如此之大的虹桥，
是在这一夜，我们捧着杯子在湿哒哒的世界听Y讲他的故事。三
背景仍是绵延的乌云，直哽得人刹那间说不出话来。
年前的高中，恩爱的女友，一张不应显示怀孕的试纸给女孩带来 无法磨灭的惊吓。距离感放大，安全感缩小导致无疾而终。突然
赶不上的新年烟花盛宴，2013年最后几秒堵在大街。偷揣了一
V Culture 瓶伏特加，一车未满21岁的少年对着隔壁租长林肯车打着领结
都梦想着平静、童年、杜鹃花，正如所有平静的人生都幻想伏特
的美国年轻人们喊着‘nice car’。穿得乱七八糟暴露在冷空气
加、乐队和醉生梦死”，法国女作家弗朗索瓦丝·萨冈如是说。
中的肉体又迅速融入喧嚣的夜色，人头攒动的酒吧是属于刚成年
男孩Y做到了，自己组了乐队在小酒吧演出，尔后又回归校园进
的新鲜娱乐。大概成长最令人开心的事便是有酒喝了，遇到烦恼
了极好的商学院拿着3.8的GPA。世人皆是如此，拥有稳定便渴
一向是但愿长醉不愿醒。一帮人玩几个游戏脑子便发了怵，真心
望激情，拥有一腔沸腾又期待安逸。过去永远值得被歌颂，却不
话说出来了，大冒险也成了大无畏，对着人傻乐呵，还能嘴里一
是能被一直保鲜。几年前艳羡成长为人后自由的生活，如今又抓
边念叨“为什么没有水喝”一边大哭。某天宿醉后的清晨无意翻
着所剩无多的对过去的缅怀感叹衰草枯肠青春易过。
到朋友丁丁微博上的话：“我喜欢的东西：下午两点钟的太阳、 树上的果子、被子上太阳的味道、睡了懒觉不会挨骂的早晨、
小时候老师夸我作文写得不错，于是从小学起梦想着成为作家的
不会撒谎的男朋友、他刮胡子的动作、特吕弗的镜头、疯癫的
心也只被想成为动物园园长动摇过；数学一直尴尬的拖着油瓶，
Matteo，和永远不会来的失恋。”不禁羡慕她得到了赠与她定
被训斥惯了便没有在数学方面长进过了。然而明明不擅长恋爱，
心丸的人。
却要一直一股脑本能的向前冲撞，不管爱多么让人失望，在感情 面前我们依然单纯而不胜期盼。马家辉在《你自己就是诱惑》中
这世界上有种游戏，你玩得正尽兴，人家已经打通关。对方抱歉
说到：你是什么人，便会遇上什么诱惑，因为都是自找，你往你
的说不能陪你继续啦，于是你一个人玩怎么也过不了那关了。卡
喜欢的诱惑方向走去，你喜欢，所以诱惑才成其为诱惑，正如
在中间，进退不得终止不舍。后来也就明白了，大部分自以为的
哲学家早已点破，‘我们并非被对象挑发了欲望，而是，刚相
深爱源自得不到的骚动。总有些许失意，以为那颗心在踏出高中
反，心底有了流动不居的欲望，才去找寻对象’。 若不是我们
校园后还能纯真得像梳起的黑色马尾，吊儿郎当宽大的校服，双
渴求，怎能被忧郁和矫情轻易钻了空子？
肩的运动背包，自行车前的铃铛，隔着铁栏杆犯规的外卖，偷看 的言情小说，拜托传递的小纸条，冬日里的一袋热板栗，夏夜头
看到多时之前自己写的微博段子，“后来是有多开心呢？就是
顶的星，操场上草皮青翠的味道，砰砰跳动的篮球。多希望他永
知道明天一大早太阳初升，上完课就有一同前往的目的地，于是
远不要有变数，却终究被时间道出一切都回不去的真相。越长大
你洗好澡披着湿漉漉的长发坐在有空调暖暖的房间地毯上。抹了
越学会和这个社会相处融洽，于是属于青葱的那部分泛着黄被留
最爱的天鹅绒红指甲油还有点气味，卫生间的排气扇呼呼响。小
在身后。成长便藏在即使难过也要熬夜写完的论文里，藏在白日
音响放着Maroon5，喷了最爱的空气清新剂，是桃子味儿。”
没心没肺的大笑声中，藏在涂脂抹粉的面具下，藏在打开又关掉
恋爱就像患了幼稚病，像他人说的突然有了软肋又突然有了铠
的简讯界面上。
甲。倾心之人所去到的地方的名字，都在我的天气预报栏里躺 着。像男孩Y或者之于我自己，不论受几次打击，人都是要不腻
逐渐体会到初高中的恋爱和大学里最大的不同就是重心。那时候
味的在这条道路上磕磕碰碰做学问的。
什么都是以爱之名放大偷偷摸摸的狂欢，如今一切都正大光明了 却以务实为重。人在成长，心里想要的爱情却长不大。想起不
普渡的冬日延续到三月这样长，也不知道还有没有机会完成一
久之前，还是听到他人闲话不屑一顾，身边的人不花技巧便可留
些小心愿？我还记得去年第一个在这里的夏日雨后湿气松软如同
住。脸红心跳的年纪隔着老师和手机的距离，安全感不匮乏，自
高中放学后操场的草皮清香。傍晚远处一望无际的红霞，我们
身不被自身看低。离开小时候的两年，总结付出感情无非是为了
挥舞着手打开天窗。想去学射击，养一只兔子，捉到松鼠，去
不让自己显得孤独；说喜欢一个某某的时候，更喜欢的是那个喜
gym透明泳池骄傲的游泳，空气新鲜的夜里绕校园慢跑，举办
欢别人的自己。变得无畏付出或锻炼出诙谐狡黠的说话技巧，变
home party一整个周末，和朋友坐露天小火车唱歌狂欢，能在
得喜欢独立就强装坚韧的勇气，变得喜欢依赖便练就沉寂恬静的
due前几天搞定paper，多拿点A，一个人好好上课不打瞌睡，
乖巧。身边辗转流经，不知道是他们在变还是我在变？一段时间
交更多朋友。
里喜欢的人，可以反复翻看偷拍他无论正脸背面的照片；而一旦 不喜欢了，就能将他化作的美人打回原形，铁了心的数落种种。
“我想做好多还没来得及做的事情，而且最重要的是：能叫你
即使再美艳也是视而不见了，就像那西游记里的妖魔鬼怪被照妖
起床。＂
镜现了形或是被宝葫芦吸走，只要一个咒语“不喜欢你了”他们 就能消失的无影无踪，两不相欠。
很多时候脑海里构想出来的生活是希望自己能瘦得衣服松垮，文 两条花臂，坐在爱人的大哈雷摩托后手执瑰丽的信号烟雾棒沿着 无人的公路由凌晨开到日出，一直奔向大海。“所有漂泊的人生
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“Grown Up”
Parents 文/ 李罗丹
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F
inally you are graduating. Mum and dad flew thousands of miles to attend your commencement ceremony, taking pictures around the school, meeting with your friends and, most important of all, traveling around America. You started to prepare for their trip two months in advance and, having been here for four years, you took the task to be a piece of cake. Then, after a two-week trip, you returned five-pounds lighter and complained to your friends about how exhausting the trip was and how hard it was to handle the two adults. You swore that that you never again wished to experience anything like it. This is a situation that most graduate have experienced. Traveling with parents is un-cool, just like wearing sandals with your socks on is un-cool. It is even harder for international students, who have to be translator and guide and driver at the same time. It might just be, however, the very first time that parents discover that their kids are actually handy, a bit like three-in-one body wash. The parents go to bed early and get up even earlier due to the jet lag. The first thing they do every morning is to intentionally or unintentionally wake their kid up, the same kid who is clinging on to that very last minute in a vain effort to restore some lost
10
energy. The last scene they witness at night is their kid poring over maps and arranging the sequence of tomorrow’s spots of interest under a desk lamp. There are other options besides ‘DIYing’ the trip, for example, joining a tour group. Joining a tour group sounds un-cool to Americans, just like bringing your girlfriend to the gym sounds un-cool, but is widely accepted by Chinese, it is none the less the smartest solution that one can come up with regarding the graduation trip, or more specifically, the parents’ trip. I have a friend who did this last summer, just one click and save does all. Still, I heard him complaining about his mother’s insistent demands to have Chinese congee for dinner and how they combed half of New York and finally found a restaurant to sit down in -“My mother struggled with the food and the jet lag, so on the third day of the trip, when we arrived at the airport, she suddenly began crying and wanted to ‘fly back to China immediately’. I kept consoling her and telling her that everything was going to be fine. At that moment, I felt like she was a little kid and I was her parent.” Not every parent is exactly like my friend’s mother, yet, to some degree, they are all the same.
V Culture
Every kid I have met up with has expressed the same feeling regarding the reversal of parent and child roles. More specifically, our perception of our parents changes over time and we recognize them not only as our parents but also as adults and individuals like us. In effect, they have turned three-dimensional and hence are oddly unfamiliar. It is as if you have known someone for an eternity but suddenly you realize that you don’t know him or her that well at all. Indeed, it is an interesting phenomenon for study since one day we are all likely to be parents and a close and healthy relationship with our children is one of our dearest wishes.
I
t is not just simply that we are growing up or that our parents are growing old. Neither is it that we are familiar with new places and our parents are not, that leads to this role reversal. It is more likely, that as we grow up we begin to observe our parents from an adult’s point of view instead of a child’s. To put it frankly, when we are little kids, parents are perfect adults whose darker side we hardly detect. They supervise us, teach us the skills to survive and mentor us in order to round our personalities For example, our fathers may chide us for interrupting their work when we ask them to play football. We
take this, automatically, to be our fault or a consequence of our ignorance - for we are children and as such an ‘inferior species’. It seems that the world of grownup is sacred and inviolable, and this can exempt any adult from being blamed by their kids. In fact, with so little life experience, we can hardly perceive any trace of selfishness about them at all. We are not even familiar with terms such as “human nature” or “personality”. Admittedly, there are small groups of parents who are more skilled in the art of communication. These few can, perhaps, build a more ‘equal’ relationship with their kids, often conversing as if the two were friends. But regardless of this, deep inside their hearts parents may still want to preserve some degree of authority and stand rock solid as the absolute arbiter should their authority be challenged. It is common enough for parents to tell their offspring that their kids’ opinions are valued and respected but what the parents usually omit tell them is that the opinions will only be valued and respected when parents are in a good mood. They also do not tell them that, when an adult is in a bad mood, they’d better shut up and leave him or her alone. There is a strong element of subordination, or more accurately speaking a ‘political status’, even in the most intimate 11
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relationship between father and son. The latter is inherently, physically and mentally, dependent on the former. A simple threat, to withhold pocket money or confiscate favorite video games, will resolve any problem and conflict, and in an instant destroy any illusion of equality of status between the two.
L
et’s see how we handle the father and son conflicts emerging in an adult world. A son asks his father if he can possibly call the restaurant to reserve a table for dinner, but the father asks him why he doesn’t do it himself. This time, instead of feeling guilty and ignorant, the son will consider his father to be selfish as he is requesting something not only from his father but, more importantly, another adult. This is exactly what each of us experiences when we grow up. We are no longer under the supervision of our parents; instead, we have developed an extensive range of knowledge. As we are bustling around while our parents are sitting on the sofa, watching TV, we are also wondering, whatever happened to our busy parents? Where have they gone? We are wondering why our mother keeps all the old trash as treasures and why our father is unwilling to go to the dentist after having been struggling with a toothache for the whole
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week. We begin, parental aging aside, to detect the darker side of their nature and the personality flaws that we used to ignore. We realize that our father lacks masculinity and our mother haggles over every ounce. We find them to be too snobbish or too forgiving, stubborn as well as gullible. The image of parents becomes more human, imperfections and all, so that gradually our erroneous notions of perfect parents fade away and the true colors of these individuals come to the surface. We have never before seen our parents so close and, at the same time, so far away. Our immediate reaction is panic, and our feelings swing between alienation and dispossession. As overseas students living in a different place from our parents and meeting them only once or twice a year, the feeling is even more intense and swift by comparison with young people who live constantly with their parents. In this respect, a certain distance gives people space to observe and an extensive interval allows time for review and consideration. It can be inferred that overseas students, although spending less time with their parents, may conceivably detect the transition at an earlier stage than their stay-at-home peers. This, perhaps, is no bad thing, since the earlier you notice that
your parents are normal human beings with certain defects, the sooner you will evaluate your role as a child and strive for independence. On the parents’ side as well, it is a simpler matter for them to detect the maturity of their children if they only meet occasionally. And if they are enlightened enough they will be happy to throw away their roles as supervisors and embrace their own lives as an independent couple. Overall, the metamorphosis of the roles is initially scary but ultimately, if dealt with through communication as well as understanding, the process will benefit children and parents both. It is our maturity of mind rather than the aging of our parents that leads to a more objective view of parenthood and corrects distorted images of our parents. Through time, our view of our parents and the perception of their roles evolve. When we are sophisticated enough we learn not only to detect the flaws in our parents’ personalities but also to tolerate and forgive them. We should bear in mind that it is unwise, or at least undiplomatic, to reveal how much we truly know our parents. Appearing completely transparent in the eyes of one’s children is for most an intensely embarrassing event. Telling white lies is, sometimes, a small and necessary evil by
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comparison.
A
ctually, if you observe your parents carefully, you will find out that they too have trod the same path. Indeed, they carefully guard the results of their past investigations of their own parents. Frequently covering or decorating the unvarnished truth with diplomatic white lies. For the last five years, my parents have secretly kept paying extra mon-
ey to my grandparents housekeepers. It is not just that my grandma is a control freak with a bad temper. Or even that my calligrapher grandpa continually pours fuel on the flames , scaring forty-five housekeepers away so far. It is also that they are unwilling to compensate the servants with more generous pay. This presented a real conundrum for my parents who couldn’t with a clear conscience blame either my grandma for her harshness or my grandpa for his selfishness. The only course left open to them was to come to a secret arrangement with the housekeepers. Giving no offense to one party and satisfying the other. Sadly,
for all concerned, people nowadays value dignity more than money and my grandparents are just too good at firing people.
end, being human, vulnerable and helpless is what saves the relationship between father and son. Enforcing a superior status
Interestingly, a cynical yet thought provoking book called “I Am Your Dad” considers the possible outcome of a reversed
relationship between parents and children. The author explores the vulnerable and helpless side of being a parent. In the book, a sensitive single dad swaps roles with his son in order to repair their intense relationship. The drama comes to a head when the dad discovers his son’s real motives for making a match between him and a classmates mum. Rather than looking out for his well being, he realizes that his son’s actions are guided by one goal i.e. to be rid of his father. Totally exasperated, the dad abruptly cuts off all links with his son and leaves with the woman. The story concludes with a touching scene where the son is crying next to a hospital bed. In it lies his dad, who has been injured by the son’s hooligan friend. “You are always my dad!” the son declares. Ironically, in the
by threatening and chiding, as a parent may sometimes do, is pointless. Setting aside the role play and ignoring the expectations of others, is sometimes necessary to invoke the sympathy and empathy that lies in the truly human heart. It is a hard task, limited by my own experience, to provide a formula to fix the relationship between parents and their children. But I do know that one day, in the usual course of things, we will all grow old and become parents. And being a parent is not just a title; it is something we must strive to become. When my grandpa passed away, my dad told me something, which I think reveals the truth about parenthood. He said, “Although your grandpa could not see, or offer me, what some might call, real help, he was always sitting there or lying there, and from that I knew that I had a dad. I had someone behind me.” 13
V Culture
Ugh, the Asian
Ruins the Curve
Again
by Jerry Chen
Yes, it is a statement that resonates throughout many engineering and math classrooms. With a large majority of Chinese international students excelling in academics, many American students have come to a conclusion based off their observations that Asians are inherently smart. However, as all of our teachers assured us throughout our elementary and primary school education, academic achievement has nothing to do with ethnicity or hereditary genes. Then the question comes to hand, why do Chinese international students do so well on subjects taught in a language that they are foreign to? The answer lies within societal differences. For starters, Chinese elementary school teachers are prison wardens when compared to their American counterparts. In the Chinese generation that studies at Purdue, from the very young age of 6, almost every student was subject to treatment equatable to the military. Collective punishment was not uncommon for classes who possessed students lagging behind. Discipline involved either manual labor such as custodial duties or public humiliation, where the teacher would flaunt a student’s shortcomings to the entire class and encourage his/her classmates to deprecate the dunce. American public schools on the other hand, rarely 14
uses negative enforcement to China’s extent. Instead, children are treated as projects. Every single action a teacher takes will be ingrained in one way or another into a child’s future personality. Multiple studies have proven that positive enforcement yields better child productivity than negative enforcement and as such, American teachers are quick to reward good academic standings. However, children that fail to achieve their teachers’ or parent’s expectations, are given mild forms of negative enforcement when compared to Chinese parents and teachers. From this starting point, Chinese students, when compared to their American colleagues, have ingrained a strict work ethic into their personality. The grueling hike towards adulthood in China does not end at the elementary school graduation. In China, the college admissions system is much more simplified. There is one exam, the 高 考(gaokao). It’s similar to the SAT, but is only given once a year and has been called by critics as the “world’s most stressful test”. The gaokao encompasses every single little bit of knowledge that Chinese students should have learned in all 12 years of their education. This worldwide exam is the sole factor in determining which university a student may attend. Much like how we cram months of material a night before an exam, Chi-
V Culture
nese high school students cram 12 years worth of material in a year. American high school students also face their own hardships. It is not uncommon for students to work a part-time job while attending school. Other teenagers are tasked with the job of babysitting younger siblings, something that rarely burdens Chinese students due to the One Child Policy. As a result, American students have their attention spanned across many different priorities. This factor reflects the shortcomings of having such an academic based grooming in Chinese students. Americans who show some emotions of envy towards their well-achieving Chinese colleagues don’t fully realize that many Chinese harbor emotions of envy towards their American classmates. As mentioned above, American students have an early exposure to maturity. Many students have knowledges of the work force and have participated in school extra-curricular activities. As a result, Americans have a much more diverse skill set.
ting many world-class scholars, is a double edged sword. The amount of pressure and negative enforcement cumulated throughout a student’s life has allowed China’s teenage suicide rate to dwarf other countries. Clinical depression has been diagnosed in shocking quantities among students. The government has even considered removing the English proficiency section of the gaokao in an attempt to ease stress among its students. Nobody gets to choose their birthplace. As college students, we are all too late to repeat our elementary education. However, that does not mean we are forever stuck in the setting that society has constructed for us. Americans time and time again have been ranked higher in their studies and Chinese students have time and time again have excelled in an American work environment. Just like nobody gets to choose their birthplace, nobody has an excuse for not achieving what they want in life.
The Chinese education system, although output-
15
V Life
Though I was born and raised near the sunny shores of Tampa Florida, born with blonde hair and blue eyes into a middle-class family of European decent, it’s really hard to imagine my life now without celebrating the Chinese New Year, the Spring Festival. Almost 7 years ago I was given the opportunity to study abroad in Beijing, where I studied the language, the culture, and the history of the People’s Republic of China for a full academic year. To say this was simply a great experience abroad would be to completely devalue and belittle the tremendous impact it has had on my life. Those ten months abroad in China have quite literally shaped who I am today, the values I hold, and how I see
The Spring Festival: My Bridge between the US and China By Christian S Wright （魏凯） 16
the rest of the world. From its rich heritage to its vibrant and compassionate people, it goes without saying that I miss living in China. I miss the nearby morning market with all of its fresh produce and bargains, especially the expressions on people’s faces when they realize that the curious foreigner can haggle with the best of them. I miss the early morning and late night street vendors selling all kinds of tasty delights such as corn or rice porridge, warm soy milk, these thin and sometimes spicy egg pancakes, the meat pies, or just the variety of different BBQ meat skewers. I miss the late night KTV party sessions, the back-alley restaurants, and most especially the chance to learn more every day about the vast intricacies of the Chinese language and its culture. It was like being a little kid again; there was always something to new see and something new to learn. But now that I’m living back in the United States, all of these interesting sights and smells are no longer a part of my daily life. Gone are the days of mystery, here are the days of grad school. However every year during the coldest time of the season, a glowing red lantern warms my heart and brings back all those familiar sights and smells. For me, the Spring Festival is a time to remember and embrace a culture that I hold so close to my heart. I still remember the first time I celebrated the
V Life
Chinese New Year and how someone explained it to me once. “It’s a lot like your Christmas, only later in February or January”. While they were correct concerning the time of year, that’s pretty much where it ends. For instances, there’s sadly no such tradition of eating copious amounts of delicious dumplings or the giving of money to children in red envelopes on Christmas; I unfortunately missed out on those opportunities. Additionally, there’s no extensive fireworks show or even a Spring Festival Gala Extravaganza on TV the night of Christmas. People don’t play Majiang, hang up red banners on their doors, or even greet each other with a simple “Happy New Year!” Plus, unlike the Spring Festival, which is celebrated for at least fifteen days out of the year, Christmas is only celebrated one day out of the entire year. Obviously there are many differences between the Spring Festival/Chinese New Year and Christmas, especially in the various ways the two countries celebrate them. But thankfully I learned early on that at the very core of each of these holidays is a common goal, something they both earnestly pursue. In 2007, a week before my first Chinese New Year, my roommate, an engineer student from Shandong providence, invited me to spend the holiday with his family in the countryside. Though my stay in the countryside of Shandong was incredible, full of interesting stories and events, it was the act traveling to his parents’ house that was the most enlightening. As we walked down the back alleys towards the train station, I looked around and was shocked to see how many businesses were already closed a week before the Spring Festival. “Why so early?” I thought to myself. Even more surprising were the hordes of people standing in line at the train station, eagerly pushing into each other to get on the already overly crowded train car. “What’s the big rush?” I thought to myself. Leaning over to my friend, I asked about all the closed stores we saw
on the way and why there were so many people at the train station today. Then he explained to me the importance of 团圆, unity, in celebrating the Spring Festival, how people do their very best to go back home and gather together as a family if only for a short time once a year. I automatically smile when I think about that conversation in the train station, because it was then that I realized that China wasn’t that different from where I grew up. Being from a traditional southern family, the importance of the family unit is echoed throughout my childhood. Family was always there for you, no matter what. Mom and dad would take me to school, grandma and grandpa would pick me up from school, Uncle Steven would take me to football practice, Cousin Eric would take me to the movies on the weekends, and my sister would help me with my homework. Seeing a pattern are we? In many ways China and the United States are very different from each other, but in many other ways they are very much alike. One example of this is the importance of family and the family unit as a whole. I believe that the Spring Festival and the meaning of 团圆 embodies this connection between the two countries, as each country stresses the importance of a happy and healthy family. Not only is the Spring Festival a time to reflect and remember all the good times I spent while in China, but it is also a time to remember how closely connected we are in our core values. It is because of the Spring Festival that I feel connected to both worlds; it is because of the Spring Festival that I can have a little piece of China with me at all times. 我祝大家新年快乐， 马年吉祥！ Happy New Year Everyone, I wish you good luck and fortune this year the year of the Horse!
17
访 雅 问 正
文 / 吴 笑 童
V Life 机缘巧合，许久未在现场听音乐会的我得到了一张西蒙·迪娜斯
都做出随时兑现货物及银两的承诺。这样的承诺坚持了近几十
坦（Simone Dinnerstein）钢琴独奏会的票。在那两个小时里，
年。那时的犹太、俄罗斯商人来到中国见到此类场景十分惊讶，
我任由流淌在她指尖上的黑白牵引着，感受巴赫的工整含蓄、乔
原来中国人做生意竟连合同都不写，让“一言九鼎”成为事实。
治·克拉姆的抽象新颖。二者曲目风格的迥然仿佛让我看到了几
或许商业文化仅是中国传统“雅正”文化的缩影之一。可若无“
个世纪间西方艺术与文化变迁的缩影。并非是后者遗漏了前人的
诚信”二字的支撑，或许任何层面“雅”文化背后的道德力量也
精华，而是随着每个时代的变化，他们从依附着前人的蹒跚学步
就丢失了。而追本溯源至三千年前的西周时代，那便是雅最初出
走到了破格立新，创造出属于自己时代的经典之作。而那些存在
现的时期，那时的它是带有主导意义的文化。周王称被其直系监
于他们之前的瑰宝依旧被保留着、延续至今。
管、掌握的土地为“夏”，而当时“夏”与“雅”这两个字是 可以通假的。它被视为带有王室威严，最上层地位的象征。那
想起曾经有人问我：“你不觉得咱们中国现在丢了一些以前的文
时，“雅”就不单是装饰性、美观性的文化思维，而是行为规范
化吗？”我一时不知如何回答，只好去向师长请教。普渡大学语
的“正当性”代表。周文化所孕育出来的儒家文化中，正当性的
言文化学院的王老师告诉我并非永久丢弃，或许只是我们暂时遗
首要内涵便是仁义，也就是正直、诚信。三千年以来，经过儒家
忘了。这种遗忘的原因很多，有一部分可以归咎于这个飞速发
仁义的教化，即便是处于社会最底层的商家和农人，诚信也是他
展，被强大的竞争感所包围的时代。每个人都极
们立身行事的基本准则。
力渴求着自己想要的，飞快地前进。没有时间放 慢脚步让那些一直停留在百度百科里“大学”
朋友问我，我这样对于“雅”的观点未免有以偏
、“中庸”一般的文化字眼融入我们的生活中。
概全的嫌疑。“雅”不是也有文学的考究？那些
细想来，或许我们遗忘、混淆最多的是一种“
我们从小学到大、拗口却被称为传世经典的文言
雅”的文化。初始《说文解字》中有注——“
文不正是“雅”的代表。或许是因为语言的改变
雅，从隹，楚鸟也。”而后来，人们逐渐寄予了
让我们丢失“雅”的美感。可是，那些书中“对
这个字更多的寓意和希望。《白虎通·礼乐》
影成三人”字面的潇洒让我们忽视了作者当下
中说到：“雅者，古正也。说文疋下古文,以为
挥毫泼墨时内心的充实。这份充实的根本还是来
诗大雅字。疋字隶体似正,故傅会训正,其实古
自于他们内心的诚挚。细细想来，那些唐诗、宋
文借疋为諝,后又借雅为諝也。”而《荀子·荣
词、元曲里的句子也仅是描述当时真实的景况；
辱》也记载——“君子安雅。”意思大致是正直且有美德的人称
《诗经》中的“如切如磋，如琢如磨”也是那时最大众化的、我
为雅。传统的文人接受礼乐熏陶，或作揖，或抚琴，或吟诗，在
手写我心的句子而已。所以这些文言文的“雅”并不来自于语
今看来举手投足间都透露着典雅。但这毕竟已经是几个世纪之前
言，而是来自于内容的真实和语句的真挚。可见那时对于“诚”
的场景了。
、“正”的理解已融入人们生活的各个角落。
而今，在物质需求得到满足后，人们也逐渐开始追求生活质量与
前几天看了一个报道说中国人之间的信任度越来越低了。陌生人
精神层面的提高。可无奈商业文化的膨胀让我们将太多高雅，美
之间出于对自身利益的保护将自己真实的一面包裹得越来越紧。
好的期望倾注在商品的身上。随着西方经济实力的迅速发展，大
因为自己戴上面具便将周围的人一概而论了。可当我们谈论及身
家对西方文化与艺术的渴望也被慢慢勾起。由于对于中国雅文化
边美国人的诚信度时，就仅剩对自身的惋惜了。或许我们并没意
概念的模糊，我们开始从西方借鉴。于是乎那些糅杂在商品中的
识到西方国家的诚信度大多来自于他们的信仰与宗教。《新约圣
西方文化成为了人们心中高雅与品味的象征。纽约、巴黎各大时
经》中说：“你们的话，是、就说是；不是、就说不是；若再多
装品牌逐渐变得炙手可热，各类名牌产品迅速占据各大市场头版
说，就是出于那恶者（《马太福音5章37节》）。”由此可见，西
头条，成为了这个时代浓缩在部分西方商业文化中的“雅”文
方文化中对于诚信的要求也十分高。而对于中国人来说，“雅”
化。可大家忽略了这些商品真的能代表西方文化吗？
文化中诚信的忽视或许是造就如今冷漠时代的最根本原因。
存着那点觅旧的心思，我想看看从前那些属于中国商业中的“
作为生活在这个时代的年轻人，除了怀念那些我们从前根深蒂固
雅”是怎样的光景。清末民初的中国山西商人可谓富甲天下，而
的“雅”文化，或许我们更应该做的是要求自己怎样将它重新融
这些商人能建立其商业帝国的基础便是诚信。这也可以看出中国
入生活，因为那些精髓依旧被保留着。只是随着时间的推移，他
雅正文化地影响，并不仅仅表现在文人清雅的生活情趣中，连被
们一直跻身在百度百科里，身上落满了被遗忘的灰。
文人讥笑的商人铜臭，都得建立在诚正的基础上。中日战争开始 前，任何的商业若能站稳脚跟，诚信是他们最基本的条件。商人
(文章部分内容取材于作者对普渡大学语言文化学院讲师王寄瀛的
们均挂出童叟无欺的牌匾，更有山西的商家在全国的商号、银号
访问。)
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The Tears of Age in the Empress’s Palace by Jerry Chen
In modern Chinese society, a derogatory and misogynistic term thrown around is “剩女”, literally translated as “leftover women”. It’s use is to describe women who have surpassed a certain age and are now considered undesirable as partners for men. A dive deeper into this phenomenon reveals that a large number of these “leftover women” are in actuality, quite wealthy and powerful. With gold in their vaults and chic clothing decorating their appearances, many ponder why gray hair dons their profile before a wedding ring. Many theories have been passed around, including that these women have spent most of their lives studying and working and have passed up on experiences to hone their familiarity to dating social norms. Others feel that Chinese men still heavily believe in patriarchy and dislike their spouses to portray signs of self-defined masculinity. However, another possibility may exist. An article recently published by Dr. Heidi Grant Halvorson in Psychology Today Magazine had some peculiar findings. Girls with higher intelligence quotients, when presented with a challenging problem, tended to give up easier than girls with lower IQs. Boys, on the other hand, were the complete opposite. The higher the IQ, the more time and effort was put into solving the challenges that were presented. The psychologist proceeds to describe this as the results of our grooming of our youth. Boys, when displaying antisocial behavior such as hyperactivity, had their other shortcomings such as academics attributed to this transgression of social norms. The majority of girls were groomed by their parents to be passive and collected. As a result, when they achieved academically, girls were lauded and praised. This instills a sense of over self-confidence and a conception of self-omniscience, if they can’t do it, it’s impossible. How does this relate to China’s current status of unwed wealthy women? A possible link 20
is that because these women possessed antisocial tendencies as children, these attributes carried on to their adult life, and as a result, it becomes difficult for them to establish fruitful relationships that lead to wedding bells. The first criticism that comes to mind is the comparison of American and Chinese society. America, where gender equality is much more reachable cannot possibly have this problem, or does it? The image of the strong single women in America has become so prevalent it has adorned our forms of media. From Jessica Pearson on USA Network’s Suits to Rachel Menken Katz on AMC’s Mad Men, the picture of a wealthy and self-sufficient women has always been equated to single living. However, there do exists critical criticisms that this author simply cannot refute. For starters, in order for this hypothesis to be affirmed, there must be absolute meritocracy in China. This assumption of equating pure merit to wealth is far out of reach in Chinese society. Secondly, there also must be the assumption that Chinese society has stabilized gender equality. As detailed above, from the start, boys and girls in Chinese society have been stratified in terms of treatment. Thirdly, the assumption that all or most leftover women do indeed possess considerable amounts of wealth and power. China, with a population of more than a billion people, has the majority of its populace living below wealthy means and as such, the large majority of the leftover women group are not rich or affluent. In conclusion, the reasoning behind Chinese male’s unwillingness to strike conversations with women who have surpassed youth still escapes us. It could be a multitude of factors all conglomerated together or it could be just one simple reason. Either way, the only establishable and concrete finding is that due to our differences in grooming young boys and girls, the result is as clear as day when viewing them in their adult lives.
V Life
天章舊事 文/ 杨必锵
三代以降，中国再无长平之治；春秋乃后，海内屡有文灭之祸。盖国纪三分：秦汉乃一，隋 唐而再，明清第三。政治毁于竖刁、椒涂，府院或隧于强藩、党锢。中原鼎沸，狄戎锋镝不 得御。南北攻讦，统胤偏安。然久乱必一，关中华庭虽不再，而幽州应天以代之。此二十一 史所往复也。 文宗轸域从二分，秦皇焚书坑儒，汉武独尊儒术，此古风之绝也。百家齐喑，虽禁乃宥，融 流和光而继续；至于明清，政府鲜有不惟一晋途者。然及释家海如，向非百家，流派各异， 争鸣因有。至国朝肇极，太祖毛公恨能鉴前祸者，洞达上意，论诸是非，驭之必狃， 道乎无 一。 所以辞宗再损，十年间几无鸣放者。此当代之始也，秦汉之际，杜私藏，惟官宬，艺文 复极沉玉；今通堑其灵，朝发而夕至，岂言简文南郊之不再？ 时学尝谓文德悴损，不堪卒问。每詈礼教流于外藩，文化落舶异邦。前人奇珍，多斥胡手； 昆山珠玉，藏在秦室。余深思而否之说，当与诸君论。 雕珑璃瓦，必经燹祸。每逢国乱，巨寇起于饥殍，群盗逡在逐鹿。宫宇陵阕，文物珍玩，毁 灭不知凡几。而本朝固深重，亦无过历代，不独为焉。流端蛮夷者，假错不倾以避祸，匪长 寄存于其手。府库充实则或畀赀回取，或宽以崇锡，皆善也。又有古趣若衔枚流觞、右衽笄 冠辈，本非众人献享，乃卿大夫所趣者也。故仓廪实，则文化渐；家资殷，而黄钟鸣。今民 用日殷，政治渐起，国中置前朝衣冠及文墨者日众。当世悦人耳目者何多，必不能独尊犹 故，此八荒之之变，五服之更，毋有可谪也。 汉禁百家，百家不绝；今去古道，古法阴存。夫礼之所兴，人事轨臼；法之鼎铸，民有所 望；乐之谱耳，天时爰好也。千年百世，中国有必守之礼；三教九类，国人有固成之法。不 论何说，盖无外者。太史幸存，犹叹成周不再；会典虽焚，岂轻儒法之当？故世授相传，绝 无数十年辄经典绝承也。虽然，恩令既出，安无果耶？汉代所以阳儒阴法，兹日于是儒毋独 尊，微此无损可论也！ 百家既然本源，本源在则损益咸作丰润，丰润皆为搌布。黄枝紫舌之学，遐陬葱岭以外，并 兼优容，国学遂昌矣。其为益哉，有益无损，胡悲之加！
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Athanatoi— Oriental Classics in Perpetuity By Biqiang Yang
Praefatio As the only survivor of classical civilizations, and as the one power that gets back her former glories, a sentiment of being favoured by Fortuna fermented in Chinese people’s heart. Their confidence and auspiciousness sparkle from day to day like a summa cum laude graduate. Yet this graduate has a little concern in mind: “who, where, and how are my parents?” A truth beguiled by fog of anecdotes and allegations must be unveiled by logical deduction.
De Perpetua Antiquitate Orientis It is necessary for one to understand and appreciate how much has our forefathers passed over, so that the grace of knowledge from the past is not only preserved but also adapted to serve modern purposes. I am obliged to repudiate a common misconception that Modern Chinese civilization is severed almost thoroughly from her ancient version. Thereby
Xia Dynasty (2070BCE-1600BCE)
predeceasing virtues, cults, and arts dissipate and leave behind many dumpsters that made China suffer in the past century. Believing such, gainsaying tradition is not rare practice amongst Chinese youth. While trend has turned in great favour for the classics, I consider incumbent to make a clear statement notwithstanding. Before doing so, a quick peak China’s history illustrates the continuity characteristic of this civilization. Chinese history began with three dynasties, Xia, Shang, and Zhou. They ruled for around five centuries respectively. But following realms seldom had longer period. Chroniclers often divide these following dynasties into three epochs. Qin (221BEC-
Han Dynasty (202BCE-220CE)
Zhou Dynasty (1064BCE-221BCE)
Shang Dynasty (1600BCE-1064BCE) 22
Palace of Daming
Qin Dynasty (221BCE-206BCE)
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206BCE), Han (202BEC-220CE), the first empire that consolidated China’s unification and drafted basic framework for an imperial system that has a strong central government who ruled all parts of China directly. The 1st Empire demolished when internal affairs gave northern barbarian chance to invade and immigrate en mass. The 2nd epoch had Sui (581CE619CE), Tang (618-907), and Song (960CE-1279CE). During which period strong civil service system completed its dominance in the polity. China thereafter no longer troubled with rebellious generals. The 3rd Empire, Ming (1368CE1644CE) and Qing (1644CE1911CE) remarked China’s pre-modern era. She finalised the absolutistic system and stepped toward constitutional monarch, yet the process was disrupted by the Manchurian sovereignty, who, out of fear, modified Ming’s regime into a warden against rebellion from Han people and eventually failed when she could not adapt to the modern world. The commencement of each Epoch all preluded by total destruction of a polity, massacre of civilians, and annihilation of cities. Therefore each epoch built new style upon ruins of its fore-
the Old Summer Palace
Song Dynasty (960CE-1279CE)
Sui Dynasty (581CE-619CE)
Tang Dynasty (618CE-907CE)
Ming Dynasty (1368CE-1644CE)
Yuan Dynasty (1271CE-1268CE)
Qing Dynasty (1644CE-1911CE) 23
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bears. No matter how obliterated the old empire was, Chinese civilization would resurge and flourish even greater. The history of Chinese culture demonstrates similar pattern. From Shang (1600BCE-1064BCE) to early Han Dynasty, Chinese scholars developed their thoughts free from political influence. The degree of freedom exclusively belong to men’s infancy fostered brilliance and charisma. No other age ever offered so many different schools of thoughts and heroic romance. Most philosophic thoughts we see today derived from these predecessors: Daoism, Confucianism, Legalism, etc. Yet the age ended when the country needed to consolidate unification. 134 BCE, Emperor Liu Che (posthumous entitlement “Warring Emperor”, for he destroyed Huns in the north and extirpated their influence at nowadays Xinjiang.) decreed Confucianism as official school of thoughts. Young elites must study Confucianism to be a civil servant. Henceforth all other schools muted. But instead of dying, the other schools integrated their ideas into Confucian school and continued to divert as competing branches. Therefore, I remark 134BCE the first massive cultural disaster. The second cultural disaster arrived with modernization. It began at the early 20th century, arrived climax when Chairman Mao determined scholars, especially who could contemplate his political intention by referring similar cases in history, to be a threat. Manipulating the wise takes more
effort than slaughtering them, while in some cases to cajole wise men is impossible. Therefore many scholars, especially historians, philosophers, political scientist, and writer were suppressed. Thence traditional elites disappeared quickly, with the aesthetics and culture they carried. The rejection of Chinese classical culture carried on until the 1990s. A documentation “River Elegy” in 1988 discussed how China, as a civilization born by riverbank, fated to be conservative, internally focused, and seldom expands whereas the egregious oceanic nations at the Occident ought to be eulogized. This show broadcast nationwide and illustrated the disappointed and unconfident sentiment China held toward her classical heritages. Scholars denied their own heritage but sought solution from the Occident or Japan. Even today, when China has been respected as a rising power and nurtures her people with booming wealth, dissonance portraying a dying antiquity still promulgates. The statement is two-folded: on one hand it grieves the material memories of China left her better part in foreign hand. And the ancient virtues bequeath only bad remnant in modern Chinese mentality. I will not attribute the truncation of tradition to the governance of the People’s Republic of China. Long period of chaos and modernization already destined loss of antiquity when adventurers, thieves, foreign armies, and depleted ex-officials stole and robbed art pieces, sold to quench ava-
Chinese Classical Houses
24
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rice. But the contemporary tragedy is no particularity of the 20th century. Same tragedy happened when altercations devoured the country. In chaos, famine and poverty swiped all sophistication. But as aforementioned, China always perseveres to resurrect. When the country enjoys vast richness, she may have the option to either pay the ransom and attained what had been taken, or leave it to foreign possession as the art piece is a gift to the world from Chinese civilization. For when a country’s power is real, she has little enthusiasm for nostalgia, the prevalence of her culture needs little physical corroboration. Furthermore, regarding fun and habits enjoyed by ancient aristocracies, if the activity does entertain people, like opera and classical music does in the Occident, it will return when people have more wealth and leisure to spare. Today, songs using classical literary style and edifices decorated with Imperial elements are ubiquitously cherished by the mass. Middle class often choose affordable antiquity as home decoration. The accumulation of these facts eventually leads to revival of Oriental classics. Nonetheless, it is wise to conclude that classical fashion no longer monopolise entertainment, for modernization and globalization overwhelm us with choices. The eclectic mentality is shared by all civilizations today. The most precious heritage bequeathed by Oriental classics is the knowledge of the past. None had phrase the idea better than Polybius, for the Occi-
dent scholars once had such plausible tradition, “[…] the study of History is in the truest sense an education, and a training for political life; and that the most instructive, or rather the only, method of learning to bear with dignity the vicissitudes of fortune is to recall the catastrophes of others.” More and more young people admit that classical texts provide powerful guidance in life. Qin government burnt private bibliotheca. Han dynasty forbade non-Confucian schools to publicize. The ignited text symbolized not the destruction of antiquity but rather great zeal to preserve it. The State exclude Daoists from civil service system, but the thought still survives. Daoism taught cadets to conform to the nature, thereby release themselves from worldly shackle. Spiritual retreats remained needed whenever complexity of life exists, which it always does. Ergo we can see the perpetuity of humanity ensured eternal existence of ancient school of thoughts. Technology advances; polity alters; even the gods have perished, but human nature persists. Similar concept existed in Western Classical Studies, mores , whence the word “morality” derived. Mores indicates “the manner of forefathers.” As long as this premise continues to be, learning from predecessors never cease to help. Therefore, blaming the contemporary regime of China as scapegoat to loss of antiquity is preposterous, especially when the existence of “loss of antiquity” has been repudiated. Each downfall of culture is followed by recollection, adaptation, and extension. Of course the Oriental Antiquity is no longer the sole theme in our minds, but the retained dominance of her superior wisdom continues to guide each individual of the nation, and the country as a whole until perpetuity. So I commemorate the tradition with a powerful Greek word: Athanatoi, the Immortals. Polybius Histories 1.1, pp. 1, Evelyn S. Shuckburgh. translator.
1
London, New York. Macmillan. 1889. Reprint Bloomington 1962. Modern Chinese Apartments
2
Latin, which means “manner, mode”. 25
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In Payson Library
去动物园——致萌萌
从正午到黄昏，我们坐在一起 什么也不说，思考着同一件事
这房间黯淡无光，不像窗外 两个墨西哥女人手中的烟。 拉开窗帘，我们便看不见对方 看不见这些惹人不安的白色新闻， 像初秋的云，裹紧太平洋。
他们手挽手，裹挟着教科书匆匆去留 而另一些正低声争论一个名词的定义 “只需一个可以代入的模型，或某条 掩饰歧义的理论，我们便可得出答案， 像在深秋的旷野描绘一棵树，如此 简单，却生动。”我们默默听着，相信 有人定会为此面红耳赤，尽管这些于他 无关紧要。“做一名学霸，需要彻底的 恋爱洁癖症，或让内心乱作一团。”一个 尚未修理胡渣的小男人站起来，义愤填膺 他近乎弱视的眼力足以使我们羞愧，像出门 忘记了关灯，像梦想着简洁的厨房被雾气 缠绕整个春天。“他们从不读书，依然比我们 聪明。”一个扎马尾辫的小姑娘低声抱怨 不慎画出的烟熏妆直溜溜地望着 比她高了一头的洗剪吹男友。他犀利的 目光流露出厌倦。显然，他的成熟与傲慢 仅仅来源于无知，“这里不是我们出生的地方， 你打一个电话，只有机械的嗓音回答。” 但他不知道，机械的嗓音也可以沙哑、破碎 像酗酒过度的男歌手，靠唱歌拯救记忆 “而你的诗，是比日记更精确的回忆。” 我们花了整整一个下午的时间体验绝望 可是并没什么奇迹发生。直到你收拾书包， 准备去食堂吃变了味的中餐，我也 停止思考，将课堂笔记搁置一旁 他们的声音终于同我们有关。而作为 临时恋人，我们会是彼此的瑕疵无法抹灭。 2013.09.29
很快，我们就要去动物园 透过栅栏，那只长颈鹿会抬头 吃叶子。两只鹳鸟会抱在一起 礼貌，克制，承受着孩子们的欢笑。 再远些，孟加拉虎会慵懒地趴在 干草堆上，说它并不比我们成熟。 想起有天晚上，你开车送我回家 问我是不是有磨牙的坏毛病 我怎么知道——这雨刷会不听使唤 徒劳地划伤我们面前的玻璃？ 临走时，我们的目光缠到一起，像珊瑚藻 会有人被它吓着，会有人为此争吵。 两个墨西哥女人终于转身，我知道 她们在风中站了一夜，比我们更疲惫。 “这本来是她们的城市。”你说。 我刚刷好牙，准备挤青春痘，然后剃胡须 免得渣到你。“六岁，我第一次去动物园， 就幻想它们的爪子如何撕裂我。” “每天，我都有被撕裂的经历 却不知道伤口在哪里。” 还是那天晚上，在你驱车回家后 我激动地在马路上跑了很久，想 我们还年轻，却不能再犯错，却要像那些 白色新闻一样，悬浮在别人的额头。 2013.10.20 San Diego
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速写·登山
汽车日记——致父亲
“明天，你就要结婚了， 而再过几天，我也要当舅舅了， 我的外甥，终有一天会把我榨干。”
父亲，今天我一个人开车，从奥兰多 到迈阿密，就像过去你常做的那样 就像过去，我只是睡眼朦胧的某一个 穿过市郊的薄暮，爱那素未蒙面的另一个。
他们终于有机会一起登山 像是某种恩赐，单调的步伐 今天也终于忘却了他们。 加州的秋天，像一株突然拔地 而起的橡树，又在一夜之间 掉光了叶子。如此 孤单，像他们的重逢 甚至不构成对过去某一刻的 速写。唯一的区别是 那时候，他们手挽手，一前 一后；而现在，他们肩并着肩， 剩彼此的手悬浮在空中。 2013.11.27
终于，我也得吸烟了，我还喝酒，骂街，干架 所有祖辈、父辈们做过的事我也都做过 像个男人一样，“男人就该干尽所有坏事， 永远做一个正直的人，不屑与相似的人为伍。” 而我所爱过的自己，他总是试图靠近我 却欲言又止。欲言又止，这多么像你，衣食 无忧的一生，到处都是失败——洁白，纯粹， 像迷雾中的蓑衣鹤，不屑露出光洁的一面。 “四十岁时，成熟就会找上你。”而我思考过的， 如我鼻梁上的凹面镜，比你和爷爷加起来的还多。 于是，我怯懦、犹疑，又总是面目狰狞地望着窗外 仿佛这便是我想你的方式。想你惨不忍睹的牙齿， 性感的喉结，和那双似乎可以招惹潮汐的手，想它 从没用力挥向我，甚至从未为我，写过一个字。 但今天，我需要，我焦灼的舌头需要，你为我写一 张 便条，仅仅一张。让我也可以，成为你的骄傲。 2013.12.15 Miami Beach
洛城·牧羊式物语
文/ 温子豪
光影中的普渡
沙龙
摄影/ 张弛中 文字/ 张弛中 吴笑童 翻译/ 陈杰睿 杨必锵
Le Salon Purdue en lumiere
“Sentiments antagonize photography like Medusa,” I said so while holding the camera against the mirror, “they stupefy me, paralyze the 2/3 focal length, tempt my emotion, and guide me to integrate all beauties of life.”
V Art 【1】枪击事件当晚的哀悼仪式上，我强压着心中的哀思，用手中的相机反复搜 索、构图、对焦、曝光，去留住那寒冬中的生命浓度、坦白流露、温柔和愤怒。 【1】. At
the night of the Candle Vigil, I suppressed the impulse of grief, searched, pictured, focused, and eventually shot the photo to perpetuate the intensity of life, the sincerity of compassion, and the lacrimation of heart.
【图片2~5】事后翻看那些照片，回顾着每张菲林背后的思绪，突然感觉 虚幻中的不可思议竟真真切切地发生在自己身边。仿佛感觉整个世界被 掏空了，没有理由去解释，让人相信这一切不会再一次发生。
Upon reflection of those pictures and the backdrop of the film print, a culmination of peculiar emotions began to fill my soul as the event was just so close to me both physically and spiritually. Time after time again, the nihilistic sentiment among this world clangs against the bars of my spiritual prison without reason. However, my hauntings choose not to dissipate as with anything else in the world, this event is not guaranteed not to repeat itself. 【Photo 2~5】
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V Art 【标题页图】或许那句“毫无代价唱最幸 福的歌”，永远都只能跟着一句“愿我 可”。幸福值得付出，如若我们都学会去 多和身边的人坦诚沟通，打开彼此的心 锁，或许就能避免减少悲剧的发生。 【Title
page photo】 Perhaps the only legitimate antistrophe to “Let’s sing without reflections of regret our happiest song,” must be “I want so.” Happiness never comes without a price. If we all communicate frankly and unlock the barrier on each other’s heart, tragedies may be rarer.
【8】“难得可以同座，何以要忌 讳赤裸。”-出自 陈奕迅《Shall we talk》歌词 有些不快的事件，我们纵然一时不能 忘怀，我的心法是把它分清楚。这些
【7】（心锁）
入尘埃般的负能量，不能忘记，是我
【7】The
们的记性有时不幸太好，但最多只留
heartlock of
在脑海，不见得要留在心上。-摘自
eternal love.
林夕《原来你非不快乐》
【8】”It
is very rare that fate graces two individuals to sit at the same table. Indirect words are wasteful discard.” We usually remember misfortune resiliently, nonetheless categorizing and treating them distinctively may mitigate its harshness. The negative feeling, one that resembles hitting rock bottom, should at most stay in the head but never carved on our heart, if by all means we unfortunately remember things too well.
30
V Art 【9】庸人纵庸，总有足够智商把毁誉得失检 讨过后得来的反省藏在左脑，至于心，是要 保持干净卫生的，懂得消毒的。正如神秀的禅 诗：“身是菩提树，心如明镜台，时时勤拂 拭，何处惹尘埃。”当然更高的慧能禅诗将之 提升为：“菩提本无树，明镜亦非台，本来无 一物，何处惹尘埃。”连仆仆风尘都能毋视， 连扫地都省回。-摘自 林夕《原来你非不快乐》
Provided the mediocre being so, not withstanding they often have enough wit to store all criticisms of failure deep in subconscious. Yet, their heart should remain clean and purified. As the Hermit Buddha said in an elegy, “Synchronize myself with the Tree of Meditation,Let my heart be clear as the mirror. And often wipe it with feather mop. So that it does not stain in dusts.” Yet there is a higher level of tranquillity: “Should the Tree of Meditation never be, Or neither do the mirror,If there is just Void,What is to be stained?” Yes, I can save the wiping when dusts is no longer a worry. 【9】
【10】 无论如何 晚霞还是很美生活 还得继续 【10】Like
clockwork, the sunset will always be beautiful just like life will always proceed undeterred and unfettered.
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那些未被引
也许我们依然记得那一天。两颗在10秒内
列铁路爆炸案，恐怖分子同样也是利用高
相继被引爆的炸弹，瞬间打破了波士顿马
压锅作案的。显然，对于这种“制作成本
拉松赛的热烈气氛。在马拉松赛的终点线
极低”的爆炸装置，政府是难以管控的。
附近，血肉模糊、浓烟滚滚的景象让许多
波士顿爆炸案的发生，无疑说明了美国国
亲历者直呼“感觉9•11又一次发生了”。
内的安全环境正变得“防不胜防”。
截止美国东部时间2013年4月17日凌晨， 这次爆炸事件已经造成3人死亡，170余人
政策等取向，加上经济迟迟未能复苏，美
本土的威胁
受伤，是9•11以来美国本土遭受的最大规
国国内的极端主义势力明显抬头。 根据美国著名的民权团体“南方贫困法律
9•11以来，美国朝野上下对国土安全空
中心（SPLC）”的最新报告，奥巴马执
前重视，但美国本土仍然屡遭恐怖袭击威
政期间，美国国内持反政府立场的“爱国
迄今为止，谁是波士顿爆炸案的元凶仍未
胁。除了2010年的时代广场爆炸未遂案
者”组织的数量正大幅增加。这类自称“
有定论，尤其考虑到警方发现两颗被引
外，美国警方还连续破获过纽约地铁爆炸
爱国者”的组织在2012年达到1360个，为
爆的炸弹的制作手法都“令人吃惊的简
案、底特律航班内衣炸弹案、理查德•雷
历史新高，相比五年前增长了9倍。在它们
易”。这种自制的简易炸弹被装在高压锅
德鞋弹案等多起未遂的、可能造成巨大伤
之中，有多达321个“爱国者”组织是“
内，整个制作成本甚至可能不超过100美
亡的恐怖袭击案件。客观的说，这次波士
准军事化”的——它们中的绝大多数都强
元——换言之，这起恶性事件的触发门槛
顿爆炸案并非“十年平静期”后的突然爆
烈反对联邦控枪的立法进程，或激烈抵制
非常低，这让锁定嫌犯变得异常困难。
发，而是一系列恐怖袭击未遂后的“终于
堕胎、同性恋等“挑战传统价值底线”的
“高压锅炸弹”在最近几年的恐怖袭击事
得逞”。
社会现象。从全国的视角看，“爱国者”
模的恐怖袭击事件。
件中并不罕见。2010年5月发生的纽约时
36
着民主党政府采取支持控枪、宽松的移民
组织在德克萨斯州、佛罗里达州和密歇根
代广场汽车炸弹爆炸未遂事件中，犯罪嫌
更令人担忧的是，美国近年来发生的公共
疑人就是将炸弹放置在车内的高压锅中。
安全恶性事件中，来自本土的威胁正在日
再往前追溯， 造成200多人死亡的孟买系
益增高。尤其是奥巴马当选总统以来，随
州分布最多。
实际上，来自美国本土的威胁从未消失
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爆的炸弹们 文/ 方忱
徒在德州的韦科镇对执行搜查任务的美国
国者日”。从这个意义上说，俄城爆炸、
司法当局进行武装对抗。4月19日，警方
韦科惨案、弗吉尼亚枪击，以及这次的波
发起强攻，教徒集体自焚。韦科惨案和俄
士顿爆炸案，都是在“爱国者日”当天发
克拉荷马事件的发生，均被看作美国极端
生的。
过。早在1990年代初，美国就迎来了一波
保守力量对克林顿“自由派”政府的强力
强劲的极端主义逆流。1993 年，时任总统
示威。
抗，捍卫民众武装自卫的权利。选择这个
克林顿签署布瑞迪法案（Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act），强化
“爱国者日”象征着反对暴政、自发抵
“爱国者日”的巧合
日子作案，和“爱国者”组织一贯标榜的 价值观非常契合。考虑到克林顿政府推动
枪支管控，要求对枪支购买者进行背景调 查。一石激起千层浪，布瑞迪法案的颁布
俄克拉荷马爆炸案和韦科惨案均发生在当
控枪立法后不久就发生了俄城爆炸，这次
直接导致了90年代中期美国极端主义势力
年的4月19日，跟这次波士顿爆炸案的时
波士顿爆炸案让人难免将它和奥巴马今年
的反弹。1995年4月19日，俄克拉荷马城
间非常接近。如果再算上1999年4月20日
年初推动的控枪法案联系起来。
的联邦大楼被炸弹摧毁，168人死亡。这
的科伦拜恩校园枪击案、2007年4月16日
是美国在9•11之前遭受的最大规模的恐怖
的弗吉尼亚校园枪击案，这些案发日期的
近年来美国国内时常发生的恶性枪击案
袭击。而实施这起惊天爆炸的蒂莫西•麦
接近真的仅仅是巧合吗？
让奥巴马政府加快了控枪议程，然而， 来自民间的阻力仍然巨大。理查德•麦克
克维(Timothy McVeigh)正是参加过海湾 战争的老兵，强烈反对克林顿政府的控枪
答案恐怕是否定的。波士顿马拉松赛，是
（Richard Mack），这位20年前因麦克
政策。
在每年的“爱国者日”举行的。“爱国者
诉美国案（Mack v. United States）而
日”是为了纪念1775年4月19日，美国人
声名大噪的前亚利桑那州警长，近日就表
另外，德克萨斯州的韦科惨案（Waco
民打响了独立战争的第一枪。后来，马萨
示在他认识的200多名警长中，都认为“
Siege）也是这波极端主义兴起的重要标
诸塞州政府将该纪念日改作“每年四月的
宁愿自己先死掉，也不愿看到联邦政府更
志。1993年3月，一批美国“大卫教”教
第3个星期一”，导致美国有了两个“爱
多的枪支管控。”20年前的麦克诉美国案
37
V Society
极化的未来
中，联邦法院最终以5比4判处布瑞迪法案
也是频繁遭受“仇恨犯罪”的群体。
中的部分条款违宪，所以，麦克警长的这
美国历史上第一部有关“仇恨犯罪”的法
番表态具有特别的标志意义。
律在美国内战后制定，即1871年《民权
目前在美国新一波的极端势力崛起，主要
法案》。当时的立法主要是为了打击美国
源于“反堕胎、反控枪、反同性恋”的右
尽管警方目前还没有确认波士顿爆炸案的
内战后南方3K党的猖獗横行。由于针对黑
翼保守势力。而事实上，美国保守派的极
凶手是否与“反控枪组织”有关，但历年
人的暴力袭击、私刑非常普遍，联邦不得
化特征早在上个世纪60年代就已初现端
在“爱国者日”发生惨案的历史记录似乎
不专门为此立法。而到了1968年，随着约
倪。1964年，极端保守派的代表人物巴
正在让怀疑指向这些主张捍卫持枪权的“
翰逊总统签署新《民权法案》，“仇恨犯
里•戈德华特（Barry Goldwater）成为共
爱国者”组织。根据西点军校打击恐怖主
罪”成为了国家政治中的核心议题之一。
和党的总统候选人标志着美国右翼政治力
义中心的一份报告，“美国目前发生的暴
至今，美国已有45个州为“仇恨犯罪”立
量开始加速右倾。戈德华特那句著名的“
力袭击和预谋袭击主谋者中，‘极右翼’
法。
捍卫自由的极端主义不是罪过”成为了后
的组织和个人数量正在飞速增加。”这
来众多美国本土极端势力的座右铭。
些“极右翼”组织很有可能就是波士顿爆
但是，立法层面的努力并没有显著减少“
炸案背后的元凶。
仇恨犯罪”的数量。在社会价值趋向撕裂
自60年代以来，美国共和党并非没有温
的地区，“仇恨犯罪”往往会使某一个特
和派的政治人物，但吊诡的是，温和派总
定群体遭受灭顶之灾。据统计，美国在
是难以在大选中取胜。1976年，温和派
2012年仍有1007个活跃的“仇恨组织”
福特在党内初选中击败了更保守的里根，
除了“反控枪”组织，来自美国本土的威
。这些组织以俱乐部、帮会甚至民兵团体
但却在大选中败给了民主党人卡特；老布
胁还体现在日益增多的“仇恨犯罪”。
的形式存在。其仇恨对象通常是同性恋、
什和鲍勃•多尔分别战胜了党内极端派的
美国1990年联邦《仇恨犯罪统计法》
少数族裔等群体。除了恐吓、跟踪、勒索
挑战，但却最终相继在大选中输给了克林
（Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990
外，受害者遭遇谋杀、强奸等恶性犯罪的
顿；再比如走温和路线的麦凯恩在2008
，“HCSA”）将仇恨犯罪定义为“全部
比例一直非常高。2012年在威斯康辛州发
年的初选中击败了哈克比，但仍然不敌奥
或部分由于行为人在种族、宗教、国籍、
生的锡克庙屠杀案，以及今年年初发生的
巴马。大选的残酷结果，也成为了保守派
性取向等方面的偏见引起的对人身或财
阿拉巴马州预谋袭击案，犯罪嫌疑人都自
政治力量进一步右转的诱因。在很多人看
产的犯罪。”有时，“仇恨犯罪”也被
称“新纳粹主义者”或明确将袭击对象指
来，共和党的中间派正在衰落，失去了对
称为歧视与敌意犯罪（discrimination &
向黑人、同性恋者。
右翼政治力量的掌控力。
根据美国联邦调查局（FBI）的统计，美国
根据美国人口普查局的最新预测数据，到
但是，无论未来美国右翼政治力量如何发
在2011年共发生“仇恨犯罪”6222起。
2043年，美国人口中的白人将不再占据
展，有一定共识是不会改变的：针对无辜
其中有60%由受害人的种族或国籍身份引
多数。而如今的移民立法又有“大开方便
者的暴行是永远不能被接受和原谅的。正
发。其它的重要诱因还包括性取向偏见或
之门”的倾向，美国人口的多元化仍在加
如奥巴马总统在事件发生后的演讲中说的
宗教偏见。在因种族或国籍而遭遇不幸的
速。在这个背景下，美国未来本土安全的
那样，“这样的日子里没有共和党或民主
受害者中，非裔和西班牙裔占据了最大的
最大威胁很有可能来自有关“移民身份”
党之分”。当务之急，是在祸起萧墙之
比例。另外，同性恋及双性恋者、犹太人
的“仇恨犯罪”。
前，拆除那些未被引爆的炸弹。
仇恨犯罪
hostility）或偏见犯罪（bias crime）。
38
V Society
契科夫的
枪
文/ 李罗丹
讽刺大师契科夫说过：“故事中只要提到了枪，
之交臂，我不禁冒出一身冷汗。
就一定有人死”。以后，我每次看电影，对于枪
后来的枪击案越来越有浪漫主义色彩，尤其是去
的镜头都格外留意。我发现一些有趣的现象。一
年夏天丹佛的电影院枪杀案，当现场的枪声和电
般来说，男主角出门前拉开床边的最底下那层抽
影里的枪声一同响起，观众和主人公一道中弹的
屉，拿起手枪塞进西装或夹克的内侧袋，某个坏
时候，美国媒体学着好莱坞，对犯罪进行了前所
蛋肯定要完了。如果换成女的做这一系列同样的
未有的渲染。对于很多美国人来说，带有一丝赞
动作，那八成这女的要完了。如果枪恰好是放在
佩的惊讶甚至超过了怜悯。我在枪击案发生后第
枕头底下，那接下来一幕往往是口暴。
二天去影院看了《黑暗骑士的崛起》。
作为一个很怂的孩子，我打小不爱玩枪。我这辈
直到去年十二月康州的小学屠杀，作为一个外国
子就摸过一次枪，还是在高中军训的时候摸的气
人，我一直没有愤怒过。正如突然放弃离婚的夫
枪。来了美国之后，我自然而然地感到肾上腺素
妇一样，唤醒大人的往往不是大人，而是小孩。
上升，因为身边的那些洋人黑鬼的书包里，很可
我对美国政府很愤怒，是他们纵容这些惨剧频频
能正安静地躺着一支伯莱塔。对于新闻里播出的
发生。我为美国人民感到愤怒，我无法理解他们
校园枪击案，很多留学生早已习以为常。07年，
对于枪支的情感。难道所谓的公民自卫权真的比
弗吉尼亚理工的一个韩国男子枪杀了32个师生，
几十条幼小的生命更值得尊重吗？
饮弹而尽。11年，在同一个学校里，一个叫罗 斯阿什利的男子枪杀了一名警官，最后死在了地
看来真是这样。上周的《时代》周刊里，刊登了
下车库。两个罪犯都到附近的一家射击场练习射
这么一篇文章，叫做<The Uniquely American
击，同学们一致认为他们品行端正，友善温和。
Response to Mass Shooting?>。文章里提到
想到自己当初申请学校的时候和弗吉尼亚理工失
了一些允许公民自配枪支的国家是如何应对屠杀
39
V Society 惨剧的。比如96年，澳
治安权利，美国人自不会轻易放弃。
大利亚曾经发生了举世 震惊的亚瑟港惨案（35
除了立法的支持，利益团体更让“禁枪”寸步难行。枪支养活
人死亡）后，政府反购
了整条产业链，小到枪店老板，大到制造商，大家都吃同一碗
了63万支枪。美国政
饭，穿同一个裤衩。除了商家，民间还有千百万个组织，协
府也想来这一套，奥巴
会。比如1871年成立的“全国步枪协会”，成员达到300多万。
马呼吁执行“攻击性武
政府知道，对于一种公众已经成习的消费品，禁令只会滋生黑
器禁令”，委任副总统
市。1920年的“禁酒令”已经让美国政府吃够了苦头，他们失
拜登去探索一个可行的
去的不仅仅是一个市场，更是高昂的监管和勘察费用，以及由此
方案。以美国人一贯的
养肥的黑手党所带来的社会问题。政府最后焦头烂额，不得不放
做法，民意调查先行其
弃“酒禁”。现在，禁枪比禁酒更困难。因为奥巴马竞选的资金
道，结果发现居然有74%
很大一部分来自军火商，他似乎不愿意惹怒这些人。
的民众反对“攻击性武 器禁令”，支持率只有
“禁枪”的第三个困难是美国社会的硬伤——各州的自治权与联
24%（创十年来之最）
邦政府利益的矛盾。持枪权是地方治安范畴内的，每个州对于枪
。在枪击案之后，民众
支的态度大相近庭，众口难调。西部偏保守，东部偏自由。总统
对于枪支的态度居然呈
选举的时候，候选人可能因为对枪械的态度得罪半数以上的“持
现一边倒的支持，甚至
枪派”，这无异于葬送自己的前途。每当政府防风要加强监管，
带有点报复性质。更有
民间肯定会出现报复性购买。08年奥巴马表示支持“攻击性武
趣的是，尽管政府每年 都在增加枪支回购率， 但武器贩卖商的生意却 比以往任何时段都要红 火。就像末日来临之前 的抢盐屯粮一样。
政治学家约瑟夫指出， 自由持有枪支是欧美之 间互不理解的一个原 因，也削弱了美国软实 力，让欧洲人觉得美国 还不够文明。美国平均
40
每100个人就有88支枪
器的永久禁令”，休斯敦的一家名叫“射击中心”的枪械店便卖
械，高居世界民众持枪
光了所有库存。
比率之首。枪支并没有
历史上只有首都华盛顿曾尝试过手枪禁令。但2002年，一个保
带来保护，这个国家的犯罪率高于欧洲大部分国家，也高于中
守派法学家认为禁枪法令违宪，决定自掏腰包打一场公益官司。
国。而美国这个号称拥有全世界最强大的政府的国家理应能够很
为了把事情捅到最高法院，他必须找个茬。于是他让一个生活在
好地保障人民安全。于是我们不禁疑问，枪支究竟是守护天使还
高犯罪率社区的保安把华盛顿政府告上法庭。这场官司耗时五
是杀人恶魔，它是高犯罪的结果还是高犯罪的原因？
年，最后法院判决政府败诉，1976年禁枪法违宪！
这是全世界百分之九十的正常人都会去思考的一个问题，但是美
华盛顿政府肯定不会料想到，这个长达近三十年的法案最终被一
国人脑子里的第一道坎不是“枪支的危害”，而是“公民权利的
个小保安取缔了。发生在美国的很多事情，似乎总是以“庶民的
保护”。最初的宪法十条修正案，也叫公民权利法案，就把“持
胜利，政府的妥协”而告终。枪支问题很复杂，复杂到连总统都
有与佩戴武器的权利”列在第二位，紧接在“言论、宗教、和平
难以权衡；枪支问题很简单，简单到一个保安就能蹈海翻天。“
集会自由”之后。美国宪法修正案第二条提到：管理良好的民兵
禁枪”意味着隔断利益链和民间利益团体以及失去超过三分之二
是保障自由州的安全所必须的。“持枪权”是天赋人权又是州的
个国家的支持并面临来自民间各方的压力，“禁枪”更意味着着
V Society 修改宪法和人权法案，不惜冒着“违宪”的危险。
美国历史上的总统只有林肯和罗斯福敢违越宪法。这两位都身处 历史大变革之际，也是美国历史上最有魅力的传奇人物。林肯的 任期伴随着美国历史上最严重的一次分裂与内战，而罗斯福则经 历了资本主义历史上最严重的经济危机。林肯在战时取消了英美 法律的根基——人身保护法，他在“独裁者”的咒骂声中，带来 了联邦的统一和蓄奴制的废除；罗斯福签名生效了《工业复兴法 案》，违背了自由竞争理念并主导了政府对于工业生产的全面介 入，在最高法院的“围剿”之下开启了美国的“新政”。
所以，尽管“禁枪”似乎是一件不可能完成的任务，尽管三权分 立的立法权在于最高法院，但美国总统作为世界上最有权力的那 个人，只要有足够好的契机（比如上百甚至上千人的大屠杀，虽 然这么说很不人道），并且有足够的个人魄力，“禁枪”还是有 可能实行的。奥巴马反对的是攻击性武器，但他却是“持枪权” 的坚决拥护者。他在俄亥俄州告诉选举人：“我不会带走你的步 枪，也不会带走你的手枪，更不会带走你的猎枪。”所以他在康 州枪杀案之后落下的眼泪也许仅是眼泪而已，人民不应该对他抱 有更多幻想。大家都知道，所有不痛不痒的监控，终会变成对好 人的监控而非对潜在罪犯的监控，起不到任何实质作用。
随着年龄的增大，我慢慢开始觉得个人情感是荒谬的。很多时 候，观念总要强过常识。在印度，民众们会为了一个公交车轮奸 案而绝食，游行并取消新年庆祝；在中国，同样的事件却无人问 津。美国人在西藏的问题上谴责中国政府，他们却忘了印第安人 和墨西哥人，忘了自己当初是怎样立国的。人们对于社会事件的 反应是没有参考价值的，只有少数人能明辨是非，并具有上层的 理性判断力。而历史的洪流往往掌握在个人手里，是林肯和罗 斯福拯救了美国，而不是南方的奴隶主或北方的自由人，也不是 华尔街的强盗或波士顿的律师。美国人自由吗？表面上看是这 样，但又有多少人被利益和观念所奴隶呢？我倒是感觉中国人很 自由，起码观念上没有太多包袱，所谓的压力也仅仅出于生存和 竞争。美国人不保守吗？当西班牙，法国，英国都早早地废除了 奴隶法的时候，他们的国家却因此打起架来。一个家庭不完整的 美国人是不可能被选上总统的，但法国人和意大利人却能容忍萨 科奇和贝卢斯科尼的浪漫情事。我慢慢觉得，自己的愤怒毫无意 义。别人的脑袋管不了，我们只有发牢骚的份。
观念才是契科夫的枪，只要存在，必有人亡。
（正当作者在写这篇文章的时候，美国加利福尼亚州塔夫脱市一 所高中发生枪击案。一名学生在教学楼内开枪，一名学生受伤后 被送往医院，目前伤情不详，另一人受轻伤。）
41
V Interaction
PLAN
A”
“
By Xianzi Lai
Plan A is a column of mine to uncover the mystery of how a student got “A”s in class. It is incumbent upon most students to get a GPA as high as possible, for an outstanding transcript is one of the best conversation starters for job opportunities. Yet they are not easy to get when college cadets also strive to fulfill extracurricular obligations, which in itself is the readiest means to benefit our career in long run, we must manage our studies with greater efficiency. Henceforth, an analysis on methods utilized by students who succeeded already in getting “A” grade is much needed. To fulfill this need, I interview multiple students for a comprehensive and general answer.
42
V Interaction
Student Name: Yao Course: CS240 Programming in C language
Course Description: CS240 provided general instruction on basic level programming. It covers computational problem solving, complex algorithms, and production-level tools, including C, Unix, Emacs, gdb, make, shell, etc. Time the course was taken: Fall 2013 Reason to Choose the Course: It’s required in CS major. Instructor: Ms. Rotaru (Cristina) Attendance: she does not check attendance. Quiz: N/A Homework: Assignments are easy during the first two weeks but not thereafter, instead they get more and more difficult. Projects: There’re 4 projects that consist 40% of total grade. Each of them takes from 40-60 hours to complete. Project quality contributes 80% of the grade. The remaining 20% are attributed to Code Style (Whether the code is easy to understand or not). 【Spending enough time on it is the key to success. It consumed almost three whole days of my Thanksgiving Break.】 Labs: It is 10% of your total grade and takes from 10 minutes to 2 days per lab to finish. Exams: 2 midterms (10%*2) +1 final (20%)
Office Hours: I attended 1-2 times. TA is nice! Memoranda: Spend more time thinking and have all steps down on note before typing, never think and type. Move on once you hand in the magazine. Be nice to the TA. Almost everybody can get an A. Voices from others: She is really aggressive and always uptight. She talks so fast and too much. I’m really sick and tired of her. Her teaching is very boring. Now I understand why she has such many enemies among grad. Students. Voice from the editor: Yao actually got all “A”s at his first semester, from which we can tell that he is intending to get an A, and also capable of getting it. Other Opinion: Some students consider her pace in class too fast. Ergo they wish her to speak a bit slower or to reduce the amount of information unleashed in one time. Her instructing style might fail to fascinate certain type of students, hence she incurs a few negative reviews. From the Journalist: Yao got straight A in his first semester. Getting an “A” in CS240 means that his capability and resoluteness to get “A” is unquestionable. 43
V Interaction
Student Name: Aileey
Student Name: Alex
Course: PSY272 Organizational &
Course: ECON419 Managerial
Industrial Psychology
Course Description: Introductory calculus-based physics course using fundamental interactions between atoms to describe Newtonian mechanics, conservation laws, energy quantization, entropy, the kinetic theory of gases, and related topics in mechanics and thermodynamics. Time the course was taken: Fall 2013 Instructor: Dr. Woo Attendance: Attendance is mandatory and consists large part of grade. Quiz: N/A Exams: There is no final exam but requires three papers during the semester. Amongst which the 1st is easy; 2nd is 10 pages minimum therefore takes a lot of time; 3rd one is of moderate difficulty. Homework: It is not necessary but quite helpful to ask the TA about homework. Memoranda: The course does not require excessive effort and is very economical because textbook is not needed. Being such a friendly course, there is a competition to register the course. Mild difficulty buys popularity for the course. The instructor is sweet and helpful. Other Opinion: the instructor offers many extra credit opportunities. The course may give student false impression that psychology major is not difficult. 44
Economics
Time the course was taken: Spring 2013 Reason for taking the course: Required for Economics Major Instructor: Mr. Holland (Nice! Not funny but giving clear lecture which is helpful for studying for the exam Raise questions in the class but would not ask you to answer) Attendance Policy: N/A Quiz: There were no quiz in Spring 2013, but quizzes are in syllabus now. Exam: The course supposed to have 2 midterms and 1 final. But the interviewee is uncertain about it. Memoranda: Memorizing the formulae are critical. The instructor gives past exams which is absolutely supportive for exam preparation Meticulousness is mandatory for calculation and statistics. Asking questions in office hours or by email always sustain excellent grade. Other Opinion: The course carries max difficulty. The instructorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s style is austere and could undermines the interesting topics. Assignments carries little similarity to the exams. However, when the class faces unpromising grade, the instructor curves.
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Student Name: Ye Course: PHYS172 Modern Mechanics Course Description: Introductory calculus-based physics course using fundamental interactions between atoms to describe Newtonian mechanics, conservation laws, energy quantization, entropy, the kinetic theory of gases, and related topics in mechanics and thermodynamics. Time the course was taken: Fall 2013 Reason to Choose the Course: Core Requirement Instructor: Multiple Attendance: Lecture attendance is not required, but i-clicker question pops up occasionally. Lab attendance is critical. Quiz: No Quiz Exams: 3 evening exams + 1Final Projects: There’re 4 projects that consist 40% of total grade. Each of them takes from 40-60 hours to complete. Project quality contributes 80% of the grade. The remaining 20% are attributed to Code Style (Whether the code is easy to understand or not). Memoranda: Exams require approximately a week of preparation The exams cover material from in class questions (I-clicker) and online homework (Web-Assign), practicing with them helps get high score on exams. At the night before lab helps students get through the lab quickly. The lecture might be obfuscate. Raising questions alleviates frustration. Other Opinion: She is really aggressive and Certain people consider Mr. Haugan an instructor with boredom which makes worse for student
who got insufficient sleep. Sometimes his explanation of class material does not work effectively. By reading with meticulousness the text solves the problem. Gabor Csathy’s cool accent hinders some students from contemplating the material. But in most cases he speaks with clarity. His patience affirms thorough understanding of lecture topics. He is a very amiable professor. Leonid Rokhinson sometimes gets condescending evaluation. He is an instructor with great potential. However, his potential is confined by the style of expression. Nevertheless it is not a big problem for class materials are easy. From the Journalist: Reading the text and digesting in class questions leads to “A” grade in the class. Regarding the exams, help sessions provides great support for a good grade.
Post Scriptum: All paths lead to Rome. The methods to get “A” are diverted. Some people choose easy courses. Some people overcome course challenge by immense input and struggle. And some students might choose legitimate cooperation to alleviate class stress. College curriculum is a challenge shared by each of us. There are always unwanted, even unneeded, but mandatory hard courses. The knowledge passed from instructors might appear inconsequential for future. Nonetheless, similar to the 12 labors for Heracles, the determination and effort to undertake labors make us the hero. I dedicate this article to all that have been and are through the challenge of college life. 45
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MIXin’ it up with MIX President Mitch Daniels recently approved a full-time position to assist with the integration of domestic and international students through a new program called the Multinational Integration Xchange (MIX). Annette Benson, coordinator for programs and engagement, former administrator for the UR Global program, was hired to establish the MIX program. We sat down with her for a few minutes to discuss why the administration considers integration such an important initiative. In a focus group of Purdue students, a junior female international student remarked, “Why did I come to America to study? I have been here for two years. I have always hung out with Chinese and other international students. But I came to America to study and I thought I should have more contact with local people here and learn about their culture. I am sometimes mad at myself for not trying harder.” (Lehto, p. 8) This is a sentiment often heard in discussions with international students, and yet, it still seems so difficult to find the time and the will to integrate with domestic students. Why would students travel 5,000 miles from China to the United States, only to find themselves studying with and socializing with students from China every day for 1500 days, every minute for 2,000,000 minutes, until finally 46
their 4 years is over? The answers are many: First of all, it is difficult to socialize with others who are different. Things as simple as small talk become difficult. People in Indiana are always commenting on the weather, but some international students wonder why anyone would be so obsessed with something so uncontrollable. Americans always say, “How are you?” and “What are you going to do this weekend?” International students wonder, “Do they really want an answer? “ Secondly, everything takes longer when studying abroad. It can take hours to figure out the vocabulary needed before they to finally start the homework. Public transportation is not the same as in China. It takes time to get a phone and a bank account and everything for an apartment. It is truly exhausting!
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Thirdly, it is tiring to live in a place where everything is in a foreign language. If Americans would just speak Chinese, it would all be so much easier! Sometime during the day, language fatigue sets in, and you wish for nothing more than time to decompress from translating, translating, translating. Fourthly, people from other parts of China are so interesting! Why would you want to socialize
with Americans when there are students from so many parts of China all in one place? Fifthly, it is hard to be the Chinese kid everywhere you go. When you are in China, you are just who you are, but when you are the only Chinese person in a group, you represent all 1,350,000,000 Chinese people in China. Lastly, it is human nature to want to spend time with those who are like us.
If it is so difficult to integrate with people not like us, in this case Americans, why should we make the effort? Although Chinese students may have an excellent grasp of reading and writing from their English classes in China, a great amount of information within the classroom setting is distributed orally. Without the ability to understand and easily respond in English, students will find it difficult to understand lectures, take part in classroom discussions, and to join with peers in doing group projects. The best way to increase your English speaking and listening ability is to practice with native speakers. Also, employers are looking for up-and-coming managers with good cross-cultural skills. According to The Economist, the top skills for
global managers are: cultural sensitivity and cross-cultural conflict management. A studentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s time at Purdue can be a laboratory for learning these skills as they negotiate with roommates and classmates from other countries, including the United States. Finally, it is the goal of your Purdue administration, that Purdue would enjoy the benefits of students solving world problems from a diverse group of world perspectives. As long as students remain in their isolated culture groups, we risk finding the same old answers to the same old problems.
The need to integrate is there, but it still seems so difficult. Is the University doing anything to help students take the first steps? The International Programs office would first of all encourage all beginn`er international students to register for Boiler Gold Rush International (BGRi). BGRi is being revamped this year to provide even more support for integration of domestic and international students than in the
past. Although BGRi will not be open this year for exchange and transfer international students, all new international students should take the next steps toward integration by registering for Boiler Gold Rush (BGR). The new improved programming that we have seen is going to be 47
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amazing for international students! Beyond BGR, the University is throwing their full support behind integration by creating the MIX program. A presidential initiative, MIX will offer fun and educational programs throughout the year which will give international students the opportunity to interact with American students who have integration as one of their goals, who want to learn about other cultures themselves, to practice English language skills, and to learn more about American culture. Want to experience American football? Look for a MIX event. Want to teach some American students how to play soccer? Look for a MIX event. Want to
learn more about your new hometown? MIXd’s (MIX domestic students) will be happy to show you around. And by the way, you’ll probably be wondering why Americans wear such funny costumes in the fall, so look for an invitation to a MIXer to learn more about typical American customs. In addition, MIX will be rolling out a new certification in intercultural knowledge and competence which will assist both domestic and international students to document that they have the experience needed for global management positions.
Any last words before we go? This summer, new international students should be looking for a purdue.edu e-mail with the subject: MIX. Your integration adventure with
domestic students can begin before you ever arrive, before the 2,000,000 minutes even begin ticking away. Let the MIXing begin!
Citation: Lehto, Xinran and Liping Cai. “Intercultural Interactions outside the Classroom: Narratives on a US Campus.” Journal of College Student Development. February 3, 2013: 7-14. Quotation from The Economist as cited by Kozai Group. Postcard advertisement. “Are Your People Global Ready?” Received November 12, 2013.
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