AMT Practical Skills Workbook 2025 by Gregory Lawton

AcuMyoTherapy – Practical Skills TREATMENT TECHNIQUES AND PROTOCOLS

The AcuMyoTherapy Program AMT PROGRAM SKILLS OBJECTIVES

Course Objectives 

Foundational Principles: Explain the fundamental principles, concepts, and techniques of Asian medicine, including meridian theory, qi flow, and the relationship between yin-yang and the five elements.

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Asian Dietary Practices: Analyze and incorporate Asian dietary principles for patient support, emphasizing foods that balance qi, promote digestion, and improve overall health.

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Acupressure Techniques: Demonstrate proficiency in locating key acupressure points and applying effective acupressure methods for musculoskeletal pain relief, stress reduction, and overall wellness.

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Asian Herbal Medicine: Identify and recommend key Asian herbs and formulations for internal and topical use, focusing on their actions, benefits, and indications for musculoskeletal health.

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Tuina Applications: Apply core Tuina techniques, such as rolling, pressing, and kneading, to promote circulation, release muscular tension, and support joint mobility.

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Topical Therapies: Prepare and utilize herbal liniments, medicated oils, infused oils, and essential oils as adjunct therapies for pain management, inflammation, and tissue repair.

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Moxibustion and Gua Sha: Integrate moxibustion and gua sha techniques into clinical practice to address stagnation, support healing, and alleviate chronic pain conditions.

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Clinical Integration: Develop personalized treatment plans combining acupressure, tuina, moxibustion, gua sha, Asian dietary strategies, and herbal therapies to address specific patient conditions effectively.

Building a Healing Community CONTRIBUTING TO THE GROWTH AND WELLBEING OF HUMANITY

Mission Statement

Building a Healing Community

The Blue Heron Academy of Healing Arts and Sciences began as a free school dedicated to empowering women in transition, particularly those who were survivors of rape, incest, and domestic violence. As a sanctuary, it provided a safe and supportive environment where these women could rebuild their lives through vocational education and training. From these humble beginnings, the Academy has grown into a respected institution, offering a wide range of healing arts and sciences programs, and has proudly trained over 14,000 students, continuing its mission to transform lives through education and opportunity.

Building a Healing Community

The Blue Heron Academy of Healing Arts and Sciences mission is to build a healing community founded on unity, diversity, and racial harmony. Our mission is to cultivate a nurturing and inclusive community where every individual feels valued, respected, and empowered. We are dedicated to fostering unity and racial harmony by promoting understanding, compassion, and mutual support among all members of our diverse society. Through active engagement, individual and community service, education, and collaborative efforts, we strive to create an environment where healing and growth are possible for everyone. Together, we aim to break down barriers, celebrate our differences, and build a foundation of trust and solidarity, ensuring a brighter, more equitable future for all.

Building a Healing Community

"Building a Healing Community" is a visionary 50-year initiative dedicated to uniting people of all backgrounds and races through the transformative power of holistic and alternative healing arts. This endeavor aims to create a space where diverse healing traditions converge, fostering understanding, compassion, and mutual respect among individuals and communities. By embracing practices such as herbal medicine, yoga, meditation, massage, and other integrative approaches, the initiative seeks to break down barriers and promote a sense of shared purpose in the pursuit of health and wellbeing. Through collective healing, education, and cultural exchange, "Building a Healing Community" aspires to cultivate a more inclusive, connected, and compassionate world, where everyone can experience the profound benefits of holistic wellness.

Building a Healing Community

Your Presenter

GREGORY T. LAWTON, D.N., D.C., D.AC.

Gregory T. Lawton, D.C., D.N., N.D., D.Ac.

Dr. Lawton is national board certified in chiropractic, physiotherapy, radiology, and acupuncture. 

40+ years of research in the field of brain, spinal and peripheral neurology.

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Author of over 100 books and numerous health science articles.

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Licensed in 4 healthcare professions in 3 US states.

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50+ years as a health science educator.

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Former vice president of large medical psychology practice.

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Former youth probation officer and co-founder of the Berrien County Drug Rehabilitation Center

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Former vice president of large physical therapy group practice.

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Founder of the Blue Heron Academy.

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Founder of American Health Source.

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Over 50 years in private practice at Clinical Health Maintenance.

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Undergraduate and graduate studies in psychology at Arizona State University, a graduate of the National College of Naprapathic Medicine, the National University of Health Sciences, and the International Medical Acupuncture Association.

Functional Medicine Functional chiropractic medicine is a holistic approach to healthcare that combines traditional chiropractic techniques with principles of functional medicine. This approach aims to treat the root causes of health issues rather than just addressing symptoms. Functional chiropractic medicine seeks to create a balanced and healthy state within the body by addressing the interconnected systems and promoting overall wellness. This approach can be particularly beneficial for chronic conditions, complex health issues, and patients looking for a natural and integrative approach to their health.

Functional Medicine Holistic Assessment: Practitioners conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the patient, considering physical, biochemical, and emotional factors. This may include a detailed health history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and lifestyle assessments. Spinal Adjustments: Traditional chiropractic adjustments are used to correct misalignments (subluxations) in the spine, which can improve nervous system function and overall health. Functional Medicine Principles: This involves identifying and addressing underlying imbalances in the body. Functional medicine looks at aspects such as gut health, hormone levels, nutrition, and detoxification pathways to understand the root causes of disease. Personalized Treatment Plans: Based on the holistic assessment, a customized treatment plan is developed. This plan may include dietary recommendations, nutritional supplements, exercise programs, stress management techniques, and lifestyle modifications in addition to chiropractic adjustments.

Functional Medicine Patient Education and Empowerment: Functional chiropractors place a strong emphasis on educating patients about their health and wellness. They empower patients to take an active role in their healing process through lifestyle changes and preventive measures. Integration with Other Healthcare Providers: Functional chiropractors often work collaboratively with other healthcare professionals, such as primary care physicians, nutritionists, and physical therapists, to provide comprehensive care. Focus on Prevention: Preventive care is a key component, aiming to optimize health and prevent the onset of chronic diseases by maintaining proper alignment, reducing inflammation, and supporting the body’s natural healing processes.

Gregory T Lawton, DC, DN, ND, D.Ac.

About Your Presenter “For hundreds of years and countless centuries herbal medicine has been an important part of the practice of traditional healthcare as well as massage and manual therapy. During the 1970's I had the great privilege of training with physicians and therapists who went to school or practiced during the late 1800's and early 1900's. A common denominator among them all was their use of herbal medicines for the treatment of their patients. Over the last 50 years of my teaching career, I have been bringing this knowledge to my students and teaching them about the value and benefits of herbal medicines and preparations, whether used internally or externally.”

Introduction PROGRAM ORIENTATION

Our History and Lineage THE TRADITION OF THE HEALING AND MARTIAL ARTS AT THE ACADEMY

Our History and Lineage

In the early 1960’s when I began my study of Asian healing and martial arts, I was told that this knowledge and these practices started in ancient Egypt over 4000 years ago and moved across the middle east to Greece, into India and Tibet, and then arrived in China. From China these practices spread across Asia through Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Korea, and Japan as well as into the Pacific Islands.

Our History and Lineage Significant ancient Eastern systems of healing, meditation, exercise and stretching are:  Yoga: Originating in ancient Egypt as Kemetic Yoga or Sema Tawi, yoga is perhaps the most well-known system that combines physical postures, breathing techniques, meditation, and a philosophical code of ethics. It aims to unite the body, mind, and spirit for health and well-being.  Dao Yin, Chi Kung, and Tai Chi Chuan: These are traditional Chinese practices involving rhythmic movements, focused breathing, and a mindful state. They are designed to enhance the flow of chi (vital energy) in the body, improve blood circulation, and foster a calm mental state.

What is Therapeutic KinesioStretch?

Dao Yin (导引) exercise, collective a branch of Chi Kung, has been widely applied to medical treatment, health, and wellness since ancient times, and it is also acknowledged as an effective traditional rehabilitation therapy by modern Asian medicine. “Dao” (导) means the way to guide chi to promote homeostasis or balance in the body. “Yin” (引) means to gently stretch the body to gain strength and flexibility.

Daoyin Tu

The earliest known physical exercise chart is the Daoyin Tu, a silk painting from 168 BC unearthed in Hunan Province, China. It depicts 44 figures in various daoyin exercises, including standing and seated positions.

What is Therapeutic KinesioStretch?

True traditional Asian healing and martial arts encompasses mindful exercise, breathwork, energy cultivation, contemplation, philosophy, spirituality, literature, art, and finally personal protection.

Flow, Breath, and Energy

There is no form of exercise that focuses on movement and posture flow, breathwork, and energy (chi) as masterfully as Dao Yin (Chi Kung) and Tai Chi Chuan. Seated Dao Yin, standing Chi Kung, and the practice of Tai Chi Chuan forms and ancillary exercises incorporates flow, breath, and energy throughout every movement and posture.

In essence, Dao Yin and Tai Chi Chuan flow is about connecting movement, breath, and mindfulness to create a holistic and invigorating experience for the body and mind. It’s a versatile practice that can cater to various needs and preferences, making it a vital practice.

Flow, Breath, and Energy

 Movement and Breath: With flow, each movement into or out of a posture is timed with an inhalation or an exhalation, creating a choreographed sequence that feels like a dance.  Meditative State: The continuous flow of movement and breath helps generate a meditative state, encouraging practitioners to focus on the present moment and let go of distracting thoughts.  Variety and Creativity: Unlike some yoga styles with set sequences, Dao Yin flow allows for creativity in sequencing. Teachers may design classes targeting specific body areas, themes, or abilities like strength and balance.

Flow, Breath, and Energy

 Adaptability: Dao Yin flow can be adapted to different levels of practice, from gentle to more physically challenging flows. It’s inclusive, allowing modifications for those with injuries or disabilities.  Health Benefits: Practicing Dao Yin flow can improve heart health by reducing arterial stiffness, improve breathing in pulmonary disease, and improve strength and balance in the elderly as well as enhance mood. It also helps in managing stress and reducing anxiety and depression risks.  Flow, Breath, and Energy: However, there is no form of exercise on earth that master’s movement flow as well as Tai Chi Chuan.

Early Beginnings – Kosho Ryu Kenpo Jujitsu

Kosho Ryu Kenpo has a history that is deeply connected to Japanese martial traditions and the way of the samurai. The roots of Kosho Ryu Kenpo can be traced back to the 12th century, when it was developed by the Yoshida Clan in Japan. It was originally known as Kosho Shorei Ryu, a name derived from the Kosho Shorei temple complex. The modern history of Kosho Ryu Kenpo is often associated with James Masayoshi Mitose (1916-1981). Born in Hawaii, Mitose was sent to Japan at a young age to live and study under his grandfather, a master in the art. He trained in a temple on a mountain named Akenkai, where he learned Kenpo as well as various religious and philosophical teachings. Mitose returned to Hawaii and began teaching Kenpo in 1936. He established a school in 1941.

Early Beginnings – Kosho Ryu Kenpo Jujitsu This temple is believed to be where the Kosho sect of the Yoshida (Urabe) clan taught. The philosophical and spiritual aspects of Kosho Ryu Kenpo were heavily influenced by Mitose’s studies in the temple, especially the edicts to do no harm and to seek knowledge through nature and the environment. This philosophy was later encapsulated in Mitose’s books and teachings. James Masayoshi Mitose was appointed as a tenth dan in Aikido, promoted by O-sensei Ueshiba, the founder of Aikido.

Early Beginnings – Kosho Ryu Kenpo Jujitsu

The Japanese Yoshida clan was closely associated with the Shinto religion. The Yoshida clan had significant influence over Shinto, which is the indigenous faith of Japan, emphasizing the worship of kami (deities or spirits) and rituals to maintain harmony between humans, nature, and the spiritual world1. The clan’s connection to Shinto is particularly evident through Yoshida Shinto, a school of Shinto that taught the unity of Shinto with Buddhism and Confucianism. This school was named after Yoshida Kanetomo, who systematized teachings that had been transmitted by generations of the Yoshida family. Yoshida Shinto held that Shinto was the primal religion of the world, which in turn gave rise to Buddhism and Confucianism.

Early Beginnings – Yang Tai Chi Chuan

The history of Yang family Tai Chi Chuan is a fascinating journey through Chinese healing and martial arts. The Yang family’s involvement in Tai Chi Chuan began with Yang Lu-chan (1799– 1872), who studied under Chen Changxing, the master of Chen-style Tai Chi, starting in 1820. Yang Lu-chan founded the Yang-style after adapting what he learned from the Chen style. His style became known for its large, graceful movements and health benefits. Yang Lu-chan’s sons, Yang Ban Hou and Yang Jian Hou, and his grandsons, Yang Shao Hou and Yang Cheng Fu, continued to develop and refine the style. Each generation made their own contributions, with Yang Cheng Fu being particularly influential in popularizing the style in the early 20th century. The Yang family opened their doors to teach Tai Chi Chuan to the royal family, the military, and eventually the public, which led to its widespread popularity. Today, Yang-style Tai Chi Chuan is the most practiced form of Tai Chi worldwide.

Yang Secret Family Tai Chi Chuan

Early Beginnings – Yang Tai Chi Chuan

Professor Chi Kwang Huo was a distinguished figure in the Chinese martial arts and cultural community. He founded the Chinese Cultural Academy in Evanston, Illinois, in the early 1970s. Professor Huo was renowned for his expertise in Tai Chi Chuan, Chinese calligraphy, painting, and poetry. He was also a scholar of Chinese literature, history, and philosophy, and a master in five styles of Chinese calligraphy.

Early Beginnings – Chinese Cultural Academy

Prof. Huo Chi-Kwang, a graduate of Peiping (Beijing) University, was born in the Hopei province in China. He represented 16 generations of calligraphers in his family which has produced noted scholars since the Ming Dynasty. Pro. Huo was a master of calligraphy, painting and poetry; a scholar of Chinese literature, history and philosophy, as well as a great martial artist. He was adept in the eight different styles of Chinese calligraphy, some of which are practiced and read only by scholars. In his native Peiping, Prof. Huo learned first from his mother and then his father, a noted calligrapher. He studied painting and calligraphy under the masters, Yao Mang-fu, Chen Shih-Tseng, Huang Pin-Hung, Wang Chen and Chen Pan-Ting. Under the masters, Wu Ch-ang Shih, Chuang Yun-Kuan, Hu Pu-An and Chang Pin-Lin (Tai-Yen), he studied literature and calligraphy. The Professor was the first elected representative of Taiwan, an advisor to General Chiang Kai-shek, an ambassador to the Vatican and France, and a friend of Pablo Picasso.

Early Beginnings – Professor Chi Kwang Huo

Prof. Huo has had complete training in the Chinese Physical disciplines. He is the nephew of the legendary master Huo Yuan Jia. Played by jet Li in the movie “Hero”. He studied Tai Chi Chuan with Yang Shao-Hou, the elder brother and teacher of Yang Chen-Fu. Prof. Huo is of the third generation of Pa Kua Chuan masters. His teacher, Lee Tsun Yi, was a student of Tung HiChuan, the first master of Pa Kua Chuan in China. Tung's instructor was a monk who refused any usage of his name. Lee Tsun Yi was considered the top master of Pa Kua Chuan and Hsing Yi Chuan in China. He taught both disciplines to Prof. Huo. He also was a Pa-Kua Chang student of the legendary Taoist Master Li ChunYuen

Professor Chi Kwang Huo Sample of the Professor’s Calligraphy

Introduction ASIAN MEDICINE THEORY

AcuMyoTherapy® at the Academy ENERGY MEDICINE THEORY

AcuMyoTherapy® AcuMyoTherapy® is a combination of both Eastern and Western approaches to manual therapy and medicine that focuses on the treatment of musculoskeletal, neurological and hormonal conditions. AcuMyoTherapy® utilizes acupressure, tuina, cupping, moxibustion, specialized AcuMyoTherapy techniques, exercise, electro therapy, light emitting devices, percussion and oscillation devices, herbal and dietary supplementation, and other ancillary techniques of treatment.

Meridian Energy

Body energy meridians, also known as energy pathways, are a fundamental concept in Traditional Asian Medicine (TAM). They are believed to be channels through which the life force, or Chi flows within the body. This energy circulates through the body along these meridians, reaching various organs and promoting health and vitality.

Meridian Energy

There are 14 main meridians that correspond to different organs and systems in the body. Each meridian has several points, known as acupressure points or acupoints, where pressure can be applied to influence the flow of Chi. The idea is that when Chi is flowing freely and is balanced, the body is in a state of health. However, if the flow of Qi is blocked or unbalanced, it can lead to health issues.

Yin and Yang Balance The concept of yin and yang is a central pillar in Traditional Asian Medicine and philosophy, representing the duality and interdependence of natural forces. In the human body, yin and yang are seen as complementary energies that need to be in balance for optimal health and well-being. It’s important to note that the balance of yin and yang is not static but a dynamic equilibrium that can change with circumstances, time of day, seasons, and overall health. Achieving and maintaining this balance is believed to be key to a healthy and harmonious life.

Yin and Yang Balance In the context of the body, yin qualities include aspects such as coolness, rest, and inward and downward movements. It’s associated with the body’s structure, like bones and fluids (blood and lymph)Yang qualities involve warmth, activity, outward and upward movements, and functions like digestion and the beating of the heart. Balancing yin and yang is about ensuring neither energy dominates the other. If one is excessive or deficient, it can lead to various health issues. For example, an excess of yang might manifest as inflammation or hyperactivity, while a deficiency could result in coldness or lethargy. Conversely, too much yin could lead to sluggishness or fluid retention, and not enough yin might cause dryness or restlessness.

Traditional Methodology Traditional medicine practices such as those incorporated in the practice of cupping, gua sha, moxa, acupressure and tuina can be defined as ancient and historic healing systems. These early traditional health practices primarily employed natural methods of health care since the pharmacology and technology of conventional medicine were not known during the time of their discovery and development. These healing systems were formulated over centuries and were the repositories of accumulative empirical experience and evidence. To understand these traditional systems of health care, it is necessary to consider the cultures in which they were created. In general, these cultures recognized the holistic nature of humanity and the wisdom of living in harmony with the environment.

Traditional Methodology

Both western and eastern health care systems share a common understanding of the importance of balance and harmony in the interactive functions and systems within the human body. In the west this concept was called homeostasis, and, in the east, it was enveloped in the Tao and defined in terms of yin and yang. Homeostasis is known as the self-regulating processes by which our body manages to maintain internal equilibrium while adjusting to external conditions such as temperature. If this self-regulating mechanism is successful, life continues in a normal state, our internal temperature is regulated and our various metabolic processes function as they should. If our body is unsuccessful in selfregulating, we become sick or we die.

Introduction HOMEOSOMATIC THEORY

Homeosomatic THEORIES AND CONCEPTS

Homeosomatic Theory

Building upon the concept of homeostasis, I developed a treatment concept in 1980 that I called homeosomatic. The homeosomatic theory of treatment is based on the hypothesis that the cells, tissues, and systems of the human body respond best to therapies that work in concert with the natural processes and functions of the human body. That is, the body best responds to treatments that are most like the body’s own natural healing and defensive processes. The therapist using this concept recognizes that all forms of therapy cause some form of stress to the cells, tissues, and human body systems and works to reduce that stress to its lowest level of interference. In the words of Hippocrates, “first do no harm”. Therefore, the homeosomatic approach to treatment and therapy includes only those modalities that are the least invasive and that work within the healing parameters of the human body, and do not overtax or stress our innate healing mechanisms beyond what is needed to stimulate the repair, growth, and innate healing processes.

Homeosomatic Theory

Homeosomatic theory is a conceptual framework that integrates ideas from traditional osteopathic medicine and naprapathic medicine, systems theory, and somatic sciences to explain the dynamic relationship between the body's structural, functional, and self-regulatory capacities. It emphasizes the body's innate ability to maintain homeostasis, a state of balance and equilibrium, through its interconnected systems. Central to the theory is the principle of body unity, which highlights the interconnectedness of all body systems and suggests that structural imbalances can affect physiological function and vice versa. The theory also focuses on the body's intrinsic capacity for self-healing and self-regulation when properly supported.

Homeosomatic Theory

A key aspect of homeosomatic theory is its emphasis on the body's adaptation to stress. It posits that physical, emotional, and environmental stressors require the body to make adjustments to maintain homeostasis, but chronic stress or unresolved structural dysfunctions can lead to compensatory patterns and eventually pathology. Additionally, the theory explores how the body stores experiences, trauma, and stress in somatic patterns, which influence posture, movement, and overall health. These patterns can be identified and addressed through manual therapies and other interventions.

Homeosomatic Theory

Homeosomatic theory advocates for a holistic approach to care, encouraging practitioners to consider the patient's entire system rather than focusing solely on symptoms. It is often applied in TOMT, NMT, MMT, AMT, massage therapy, and somatic-based therapies, guiding practitioners in understanding how structural and functional aspects of the body interact. By respecting and supporting the body's dynamic, adaptable nature, homeosomatic theory provides a comprehensive approach to restoring balance and enhancing health.

Steps to treatment:  Patient Examination and Assessment  Identify Areas and Regions of Dysfunction, Pain, and Inflammation

Homeosomatic Therapy

 Hyperesthesia Point Location  Pressure Point Therapy – Bladder Meridian Points  Special Treatment Techniques Cupping and Scar Tissue Cupping and Neuropathy Glides, Slides, and Tensioning Techniques Cupping with Infused Oils Clinical Scraping with Infused Oils Moxa with Mugwort Infused Oil

Health History, Medical Release and Forms PATIENT MANAGEMENT

Patient Intake Forms

It is essential for therapists to take, complete, and maintain patient assessment, history, and treatment forms to ensure the safety, effectiveness, and professionalism of their care. These forms provide a comprehensive understanding of the patient's medical history, current health conditions, and specific needs, enabling therapists to design tailored treatment plans while avoiding contraindications. Proper documentation also supports continuity of care, tracks progress over time and serves as a record for legal and ethical compliance. Additionally, maintaining accurate records builds trust with patients and other healthcare providers, reinforcing the therapist's role as a credible and responsible healthcare professional.

Patient Intake Forms Patient Intake

Insurance Billing PATIENT MANAGEMENT

Insurance Billing

Billing a patient’s insurance and providing accurate statements of professional services rendered are critical for massage therapists, offering numerous benefits. It increases access to care by making treatment more affordable, thereby expanding the therapist’s client base and contributing to better public health. Accurate documentation and billing also demonstrate professionalism and compliance with industry standards, enhancing the therapist’s credibility among patients and healthcare providers. These practices ensure legal and ethical compliance, reducing the risk of audits or disputes while fostering trust and transparency with patients by clearly outlining services provided and associated costs. Additionally, insurance billing often facilitates collaboration with other healthcare professionals, encouraging referrals and strengthening the therapist’s role in integrated care networks. From a financial perspective, it provides a consistent revenue stream, supporting the growth of the practice and enabling investment in further education, equipment, or services. Ultimately, accurate billing showcases the medical necessity and effectiveness of massage therapy, advancing its recognition as a legitimate and essential healthcare modality.

Superbill Statement of Services

Insurance Billing

There are two main requirements for medical insurance billing:  A medical necessity for patient care (a diagnosis).  Documentation of ongoing improvement and clinical results. If these two conditions are not met, medical insurance providers will not cover claims.

Insurance Billing Manual Medicine CPT Codes (Procedures)  97124: Therapeutic procedure, one or more areas, each 15 minutes; massage, including effleurage, petrissage, and/or tapotement (stroking, compression, percussion).  97140: Manual therapy techniques (e.g., mobilization/manipulation, manual lymphatic drainage, manual traction), one or more regions, each 15 minutes.

Insurance Billing Remember to cite the exact treatment procedures in your claim to ensure coverage. Additionally, avoid citing both CPT codes 97124 and 97140 without modifier code 59, which indicates distinct and different procedures performed on the same individual within a single day or across a few days.  CPT Code 97112: Neuromuscular Reeducation  CPT Codes 97010: Hot/Cold Packs  CPT Codes 97110: Therapeutic Exercise

Locating, Identifying and Treating Points PATIENT TREATMENT

Pressure Point Therapy (Acupressure)

Pressure point therapy, is a form of manual therapy that involves applying manual pressure or compression to specific points on the body. It shares similarities with acupuncture and acupressure, but it also encompasses ashi points, trigger point, motor point, fibromyalgia, dermatome, spinal ganglia, and other recognized points on the human body. Acupressure is a subset of tuina which is the collective and broader group of Asian manual medicine techniques.

Traditional Acupressure There are 361 basic pressure points on 14 meridians (there are many more). The points are the same as those used in acupuncture. For example, the acupoint Neiguan (P-6) is primarily used to treat nausea and vomiting. To find it, turn your hand palm up. Place your thumb at the center of where the hand meets the wrist. Move your thumb two finger-widths toward the elbow. The point is between two large tendons, which you should be able to feel as you apply pressure. A few other commonly used pressure points include Lie Que (LU-7) on the thumb side of your wrist which may help stimulate your immune system. Qu Chi (LI-11) on the elbow is used for fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Zu San Li (ST-36) below the knee is used for loss of appetite, acid reflux, and constipation. He Gu (LI-4) in the hand may reduce chemotherapy side effects, menstrual pain, and headaches. Shen Shu (UB-23) on the lower back is used for lower back pain. Liang Qiu (ST-34) above the knee may prove useful for osteoarthritis knee pain.

Pressure Point Technique

The term acupressure is not commonly used in China or other Asian countries. A more appropriate description and name is tuina. Tuina or tui-na (pronounced twee-nah) is a type of massage therapy that is one of the four main branches of traditional Chinese medicine, along with acupuncture, chi kung, and Chinese herbal medicine. The term “Tuina” literally translates to “push” and “lift and squeeze,” which accurately describes some of the many techniques employed during a Tuina session.

Pressure Point Therapy

A traditional acupressure or tuina practitioner frequently employs direct topical treatments and stimulation along the classic muscle and nerve pain pattern pathways. Dr. Janet Travel is credited for the development of contemporary trigger point therapy. The trigger point locations and charts are probably more accurate representations of pain referral patterns than the classical tendino muscular “meridian” charts used by traditional practitioners. To the well-trained and historically knowledgeable acupuncture, tuina, or acupressure practitioner the theories underlying Travell’s trigger point therapy are “borrowed” from the well-established and much older methods employed in Asian medicine, acupuncture, and tuina centuries before Dr. Travell’s “discovery” of trigger points. In Asian medicine these soreness or pain point locations are called ahsi points. A closer translation of ahsi to English may be “that’s the point” meaning that upon palpation the practitioner has located the exact point of the patient’s pain or discomfort.

Pressure Point Therapy

The similarity between Dr. Janet Travell's trigger points and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) concepts like Ah Shi points raises important questions about cultural appropriation, particularly in the medical and scientific contexts. While it might not be entirely accurate to call her work a direct "ripoff," there is a compelling argument that her contributions reflect a form of cultural expropriation—the adoption of elements from a longstanding medical tradition without acknowledgment of their origins. The overlap between Travell’s trigger points and Ah Shi points from TCM is undeniable and highlights a broader issue of cultural expropriation in medicine. While Travell’s work made significant contributions to Western medicine, it would have been more equitable and accurate to acknowledge the centuries of prior knowledge from Asian traditions. Recognizing these contributions can ensure that traditional practices are honored and not marginalized as mere precursors to "modern" discoveries.

Pressure Point Technique GENERAL RULES

Pressure Point Therapy Pressure Point Therapy (PPT) is a contemporary approach to tuina, acupressure, and acupuncture. PPT treatments are directed at ahsi points, trigger points, motor points, neurolymphatic points, fibromyalgia points, or what PPT practitioners refer to as hyperesthesia points. PPT therapists are frequently treating musculoskeletal pain and neuropathy along muscle pathways or nerve tracts. The major of meridians run between muscle groups within fascial plains, along and close to long bones, along and adjacent to arteries, and along nerve pathways.

Pressure Point Technique – General Rules

Center yourself, relax and breathe. Do not use any more force or pressure than is needed. Do not provoke pain. Do not provoke “push back” or guarding in a patient. Use your body weight in a relaxed manner, not your upper body strength. Push or pull from your feet not your upper body. Use soft hands that stick and mold to your patient. When you move into a technique - exhale. When you move out of a technique - inhale. Mobilize blood and energy into your hands and bring them to life. Create a relaxed rhythm and ebb and flow of movement. The essence of the session is energy, not pressure.

Pressure Point Technique – Patient Prone

The Spine: Beginning at T1 (Bladder 11) and working downward along the spine and Bladder Meridian apply a bilateral thumb pressure along bladder meridian points. (Along the inner line of the bladder meridian) Apply palm vibration to the thoracic area medially and laterally over the ribs. Apply light percussion cupping, pounding, and hacking lateral to the spine. Beginning at L1 (Bladder 22 ) apply a bilateral thumb pressure along the bladder meridian and then down the middle of the sacrum pressing 5 points. Apply a double palm, hand over hand, pressure directly on the sacrum. Apply circular gluteal press (Ask for permission before performing this technique) Beginning at L5 (Bladder 26) apply a bilateral, medial to lateral, thumb pressure along the crest of the ilium. Apply bilateral thumb pressure to Gallbladder 30 (Huantiao), located between the greater trochanter and the sacral hiatus, along a line connecting the two points.

Pressure Point Technique (Condensed)

Thigh, leg, and foot: Apply unilateral thumb pressure to Bladder 50, located mid posterior thigh and at the inferior gluteal crease. Apply unilateral thumb pressure to Bladder 51, located mid-way down the posterior thigh, and along a center line down the thigh. Apply unilateral forearm press down the thigh. Apply unilateral forearm rolling press down the thigh. Flex, lift, pull, and circle the knee. Bend and move the knee laterally and circle and rotate the hip joint. Apply unilateral forearm press down the leg. Apply unilateral forearm rolling press down the leg. Apply double palm press down the leg. Apply thumb pressure to Bladder 57/58 located at the separation of the twin bellies of the gastrocnemius muscle.

Pressure Point Technique (Condensed)

Thigh, leg, and foot: Apply grasping technique to the posterior leg muscles. Pull, traction, and shake the leg, knee, and thigh. Apply a rubbing squeeze to the Achilles tendon. Apply a cupping squeeze to the calcaneus bone of the foot. Bend, rotate, and stretch the foot. Apply thumb pressure to Bladder 60, located posterior to the external malleolus. Apply thumb pressure to the bottom of the foot, applying pressure to five points, along five lines, at the sole of the foot, from the heel to the ball of the foot. (in the depression formed by the arches)

Following Muscle Pathways

A muscle pathway is the path along which the muscle fibers and fascia structures extend in a longitudinal direction.

Motor Points

A motor point is a point at which a motor nerve enters a muscle. A motor point is located where the motor nerve enters the muscle. It is where the muscle is most electrically excitable, and potentially sensitive to pain.

Hyperesthesia Points

A hyperesthesia point is an area of localized soreness, irritation, or pain. Hyperesthesia points are characterized as either superficial or deep.

Locating Treatment Points

Hyperesthesia Point Location: When during examination and treatment you locate hyperesthesia points treat them with the appropriate protocol. We use the term hyperesthesia points to describe “Trigger” points, pain points, ashi points, fibromyalgia points, neurolymphatic points, and the entire collection of vague and non-specific point terminology used by various health disciplines.

Pressure Point Therapy Ashi points were first cited in the 7th Century by Sun Simiao (a Chinese physician who was known as China's King of Medicine) who specifically described methods of palpation, diagnosis, and treatment of tender or ashi points. Ashi points were recorded by Sun Simiao in the Tang Dynasty text Thousand Ducat Prescriptions. In the 7th Century Sun Simiao specifically described methods of palpation, diagnosis, and treatment of tender or ashi points. The locations of these regions of pain radiation correspond to the tendino muscular “meridians” of acupuncture and acupressure.

Pressure Point Therapy

"Qian Jin Yao Fang", also known as "preparation for urgent Qian Jin Yao Fang" and "Qian Jin Fang", is one of the classical works of traditional Chinese medicine in ancient China. It comprises a total of 30 volumes and is a comprehensive clinical encyclopedia, which is known as the earliest clinical encyclopedia in China. It was written by Sun Simiao in the Tang Dynasty.

Pressure Point Therapy and Counter-Irritation

Our Common Treatment Theory is Counter-Irritation The counter-irritation methods that are used to treat acupressure and ashi points and along the main meridian and tendino muscular pathways are a powerful tool that uses the body’s innate healing processes to generate a healing response in the cells and tissues via the inflammatory/anti-inflammatory response system.

Pressure Point Therapy and Counter-Irritation

Our Common Treatment Theory is Counter-Irritation – Counter-irritation theory is a concept used in massage therapy and Asian medicine that involves the deliberate stimulation of superficial or external areas of the body to alleviate pain or discomfort in deeper tissues or internal regions. This approach is based on the idea that introducing a minor irritation in one area can trigger a physiological response that overrides or diminishes the perception of pain in another area. The theory is closely tied to the body's neurological and vascular systems, suggesting that the stimulation activates nerve pathways or increases localized blood flow, leading to the release of endorphins and other pain-relieving chemicals.

Pressure Point Therapy and Counter-Irritation

Our Common Treatment Theory is Counter-Irritation – In Asian medicine, this principle is often employed through techniques such as acupressure, cupping, gua sha, or the application of warming herbs and topical agents like liniments or plasters. Similarly, in Western massage therapy, methods like deep tissue work, trigger point therapy, or the use of contrasting temperatures with hot and cold applications embody this principle. Counter-irritation creates a controlled response that diverts the body’s attention from the primary site of pain, promoting relaxation, improved circulation, and healing in the affected area. By addressing both local and systemic mechanisms, this approach aligns with holistic philosophies of care and demonstrates the interconnectedness of the body’s pain modulation systems.

Dr. Lawton’s Book on Tuina First edition cover of Dr. Lawton’s book on Tuina and Acupressure.

Understanding Chi DEFENSIVE ENERGY

What is Chi?

Chi, also spelled "qi" or "ki," is a fundamental concept in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), martial arts, and Eastern philosophies, referring to the vital life force or energy that flows through all living things. It is considered the essence of life, animating the body, mind, and spirit, and sustaining physical and spiritual well-being. In TCM, chi circulates through a network of pathways called meridians, which connect the body's organs and systems. A balanced and unobstructed flow of chi is believed to promote health, vitality, and harmony, while disruptions, stagnation, or deficiencies in chi are associated with illness, fatigue, and imbalance.

What is Chi?

The concept of chi extends beyond the physical, encompassing the dynamic interplay between internal energy and the external environment. It is often described as a bridge between the tangible and intangible, linking the physical body to emotions, thoughts, and the universe. Practices such as acupuncture, tai chi, qigong, and breathwork are designed to cultivate, balance, and enhance chi, fostering a sense of vitality and inner peace. In essence, chi represents the dynamic and interconnected energy that underpins life, influencing both health and spiritual growth.

Defensive Chi

Advanced yoga practitioners who train in dao yin, chi kung, abdominal breath work, iron shirt chi kung, bone marrow cleansing, tai chi chuan, and other related internal disciplines may know far more about the nature of chi and its manipulation than many traditional Asian medicine practitioners who do not participate in any of these internal practices. This at least has been my personal observation. I have often become acquainted with various healers who lack physical conditioning and who have not mastered basic aspects of the breathing practices common to the internal arts. How can someone who is in poor physical condition, who does not train in internal energy disciplines, and who has very little control over basic human functions such as breathing claim to possess the ability to control, direct, and project chi?

Defensive Chi

A general definition of chi is that chi is energy, but since energy can come in many forms, what kind of energy is chi? A common definition of chi is that chi is a form of vital energy, breath, and blood. In some circles chi is thought to comprise the electrical potentials that we see in human cells or the forms of electrical energy that moves along and among the nerve pathways of the human body. I think that these are all good definitions of chi but that they fall short of fully defining it.

Defensive Chi

For those that work in the healing arts, and specifically, the hands-on healing arts such as tuina and acupressure, a common observation is that close proximity or direct physical contact with certain individuals results in a feeling of wellbeing. Another common observation is that some individuals seem to exude a stronger sense of this feeling of wellbeing than others. It is as if some individuals possess more chi or some electromagnetic force that radiates from them.

Defensive Chi

Having observed and experienced this many times I have come to accept that certain people radiate a strong magnetic force that most likely emanates from what has been referred to in the west as a “strong constitution”. In 2017 Forbes magazine published an article that sought to answer the question, “Is it possible for the human body to create an electromagnetic field?” The short answer is yes, but not only can the human body emit an electromagnetic field, but according to the known laws of physics it must do that because it is comprised of atoms and atoms are held together, move, and interact with each other based on their electromagnetic energy fields. The question is not whether the body has an electromagnetic energy field, but rather it is why we don’t generally accept the fact that we are electromagnetic beings. Is this electromagnetic energy field chi? The answer to this question depends upon how you define chi.

Defensive Chi

Defensive chi or wei chi may be defined as chi which is protective by nature and that provides resistance to injury, infection, and disease. There are several ways or methods of cultivating defense chi including proper nutrition or the development of nutritive chi, as well as through physical training practices and breathwork. Internal martial artists cultivate defensive chi through practices such as, dao yin, chi kung, abdominal breath work, iron shirt chi kung, bone marrow cleansing, and other related internal disciplines.

Defensive Chi

As a result of these specialized methods and internal training practices students, practitioners, and masters of these techniques and methods can demonstrate resistance to physical trauma, bruising and hematoma, and the ability to absorb physical blows with a reduction in tissue damage and trauma. These abilities are the result of the cultivation of defensive chi. We can build defensive chi in our bodies and in our patients by utilizing the practices cited above, avoiding certain stressors such as cigarettes, alcohol, and drugs, following a balanced training regimen, getting proper rest and relaxation, and following good dietary and nutritional practices. There are also tuina and acupressure techniques, like qua sha, that build our reserves of defensive chi or that redirect defensive chi to the surface connective tissues of the body.

Treating Common Conditions BI SYNDROME

Bi Syndrome

Bi-syndrome is a disorder resulting from the obstruction of meridians, sluggishness of chi and blood circulation after the invasion of pathogenic wind, cold, dampness or heat, and is characterized by pain, numbness and heaviness of muscles, tendons and joints or swelling, hotness and limitation of movement of joints. In Western terms bi-syndrome includes fibromyalgia, rheumatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, tuberculous arthritis, pyogenic arthritis, muscular rheumatism, sciatica, gout, and similar musculoskeletal and neurological conditions.

Bi Syndrome

Types of Bi-syndrome Bi-syndrome of wind-dampness-heat type (rheumatic arthritis) is differentiated from that of wind-cold-dampness (osteoarthritis) type by its characteristics of redness, swelling, hotness and pain of joints. Wandering Bi – Joint Soreness Wind disturbs the circulation of chi and blood making it uneven. Pain will migrate and move. Example: Sore neck after a being outdoors on a cold and windy day.

Bi Syndrome

Painful Bi – Painful Joints This is a cold condition, is better with warmth and gets worse with cold. Deep fixed, aching pain in joint(s). Worse in low pressure and cold weather. Fixed Bi – Damp Dampness slows and congeals the circulation. Dull ache and/or a sense of heaviness in joints and muscles. Joint and muscle soreness. Pain and condition is localized. Worse in low pressure and humid weather.

Bi Syndrome

Fever Bi Heat is considered to be an invading pathogen. Acute joint or muscle pain with inflammation. Swelling and pain. Worse with heat. Muscular Bi Muscular pain with stiffness and coldness in a muscle group or region. Tendino/Muscular Bi Pain and radiates and follows along the course of a channel or meridian. Marked by stiffness, coldness, and unusual nerve sensations.

Treating Along the Bladder Meridian ASSOCIATED POINTS AND TENDINO MUSCULAR PATHWAYS

The Bladder Meridian

In AcuMyoTherapy, the primary focus of treatment is centered along the Bladder Meridian, one of the most significant meridians in traditional Chinese medicine. The meridian's association with the autonomic nervous system and its proximity to the paraspinal muscles make it a vital pathway for treating a wide range of conditions, from chronic pain to postural imbalances and nerve related disorders. Through precise stimulation of these points, practitioners facilitate a profound connection between the body’s structural integrity and its energetic harmony, fostering holistic healing and well-being.

The Bladder Meridian

The Bladder Meridian, known as the Urinary Bladder Meridian in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is one of the twelve primary meridians in the body, playing a crucial role in the maintenance of health and energy balance. It is the longest meridian, running along the back of the body and closely associated with the nervous system, spinal health, and the flow of vital energy, or chi. Beginning at the inner corner of the eye, it travels over the head, down the back of the neck, along the spine, and through the buttocks and legs, eventually ending at the tip of the smallest toe. This meridian is often divided into two branches along the back, which run parallel to the spine, encompassing points related to the body's internal organs.

The Bladder Meridian

The Bladder Meridian is traditionally linked to the bladder organ system, which governs the storage and excretion of urine, as well as the regulation of water metabolism in the body. It is also closely connected to emotional and mental states, particularly stress, fear, and tension. Imbalances in this meridian are thought to manifest as issues such as lower back pain, sciatica, urinary problems, headaches, or emotional disturbances. TCM practices like acupuncture, acupressure, and therapeutic massage often target points along the Bladder Meridian to release tension, improve circulation, and harmonize chi flow, supporting both physical and emotional well-being.

The Bladder Meridian

The associated points along the Bladder Meridian, also known as "back-shu points" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), are specific acupuncture points located on the back, aligned along the spinal region. Each of these points is directly connected to a specific organ system, energetically linking the external surface of the body to the internal organs. They are arranged bilaterally on the first and second branches of the Bladder Meridian, running parallel to the spine, and are considered pivotal in the diagnosis and treatment of organ imbalances. The back-shu points are used to regulate the flow of chi and blood to their corresponding organs, making them integral in TCM practices such as acupuncture, acupressure, and therapeutic massage.

The Bladder Meridian

These points are often tender or sensitive when the associated organ is under stress or dysfunction, providing valuable diagnostic insights for practitioners. By stimulating these points, practitioners aim to harmonize the energy of the internal organs, alleviate pain, and address physical or emotional conditions linked to organ imbalances. For example, stimulation of the Bladder Meridian’s back-shu point for the lungs (BL13) may be used to support respiratory health, while the point for the kidneys (BL23) may address issues related to vitality, stress, or water metabolism. These associated points embody the interconnected nature of the body in TCM, emphasizing the relationship between surface and depth, structure and function.

The Bladder Meridian The Bladder Meridian contains specific acupoints associated with the 12 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) energetic organ systems, serving as direct energetic links between the body's surface and its internal organs. These points are located along the first and second lines of the Bladder Meridian on the back, running parallel to the spine. Each point, known as a "Shu" or "Back Transporting" point, corresponds to one of the major TCM organs. For example, Bladder 13 (Fei Shu) is connected to the lungs and supports respiratory health, while Bladder 14 (Jueyin Shu) links to the pericardium, associated with emotional and circulatory balance. Bladder 15 (Xin Shu) is tied to the heart, influencing emotional well-being and blood circulation, and Bladder 18 (Gan Shu) corresponds to the liver, regulating stress, detoxification, and smooth qi flow.

The Bladder Meridian Similarly, Bladder 19 (Dan Shu) is connected to the gallbladder and assists in decision-making and bile regulation, while Bladder 20 (Pi Shu) supports the spleen, aiding digestion and energy production. Bladder 21 (Wei Shu) relates to the stomach and governs digestion, and Bladder 22 (San Jiao Shu) links to the triple burner, regulating fluid metabolism. Bladder 23 (Shen Shu) connects to the kidneys, supporting vitality and the body's essence, and Bladder 25 (Da Chang Shu) is associated with the large intestine, aiding elimination and immunity. Bladder 27 (Xiao Chang Shu) corresponds to the small intestine, influencing nutrient absorption and mental clarity, and Bladder 28 (Pang Guang Shu) links to the bladder, supporting water metabolism and urinary health. These points serve as gateways for balancing the internal organ systems, integrating physical, emotional, and energetic health in TCM.

The Tendino Muscular Pathways HOME TO DEFENSIVE CHI MOVEMENT

The Tendino Muscular Pathways

The tendino-muscular meridians (TMMs), also known as “sinew channels,” or jing jin are energy pathways in traditional Chinese medicine. They run superficially through tendons, ligaments, and muscles, acting as a shield against external influences like cold, wind, dampness, heat, dryness, and summer heat. These channels are involved in functional activities of the musculoskeletal system and play a role in sprains, strains, and traumatic injuries.

Tendino Muscular Pathways

The Jing Jin pathways are known to contain Wei Qi, which is associated with kinetic energy and is easily influenced by external factors such as weather changes. Each tendino-muscular meridian starts at the Jing-Well points of their corresponding primary meridians and follows specific routes through the body, influencing various joints and muscle groups. For instance, the bladder Jing Jin pathway begins at the little toe, ascends along the leg, and travels up the back to the head, influencing muscles and tendons along its path.

Tendino Muscular Pathways

Symptoms associated with disturbances in these pathways often manifest as joint and muscle disorders, which can be explained by the influence of Wei Qi. For example, pain or stiffness in the neck, shoulders, or back can be linked to disruptions in the bladder Jing Jin pathway. Understanding these pathways is crucial in traditional Chinese medicine for diagnosing and treating musculoskeletal issues and other related conditions.

Tendino Muscular Pathways

The Bladder Meridian is intimately associated with the tendino-muscular pathways, which are part of the sinew channels in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). These pathways represent the superficial and muscular layers of the body that are energetically linked to the primary meridians. The Bladder Tendino-Muscular Pathway mirrors the course of the primary Bladder Meridian but is located within the muscular and connective tissues, including the fascia, tendons, and ligaments. It plays a vital role in maintaining structural integrity, mobility, and physical alignment.

Tendino Muscular Pathways

The Bladder Tendino-Muscular Pathway begins at the outer canthus of the eye and ascends to the top of the head before traveling down the neck, spine, and posterior body. It encompasses the paraspinal muscles, glutes, hamstrings, calves, and the plantar fascia of the feet, connecting to critical regions responsible for posture, stability, and movement. This pathway governs the energetic and physical health of the posterior kinetic chain, influencing issues such as tension, stiffness, and pain in the back, neck, and lower limbs.

Tendino Muscular Pathways

Functionally, this pathway connects the Bladder Meridian to the musculoskeletal system, facilitating the release of muscular tension, improving range of motion, and supporting the free flow of qi and blood. It also reflects disharmonies in the internal organs associated with the Bladder Meridian, particularly the kidneys, as they work together to regulate water metabolism, vitality, and the strength of the body's structural foundation. By addressing the Bladder Tendino-Muscular Pathway, practitioners can treat musculoskeletal injuries, chronic tension, and postural imbalances, while simultaneously harmonizing deeper energetic and organ systems.

Tendino Muscular Pathways

Tendino muscular pathways down the posterior aspect of the back along the erector spinae and gluteal muscle regions with highlights for a couple of common myofascial trigger point referral areas. Of course, the pain point locations are Ahsi Points.

Tendino Muscular Pathways

Tendino Muscular Pathways Research Research on tendino-muscular pathways, often referred to in the context of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), focuses on the anatomical and functional aspects of these pathways, which are thought to relate to the body's meridian system. Here's a summary of notable research in this area: Langevin, H. M., & Yandow, J. A. (2002). "Relationship of acupuncture points and meridians to connective tissue planes." The Anatomical Record, 269(6), 257-265. Description: This study investigates the anatomical basis of acupuncture points and meridians, suggesting that they correspond to connective tissue planes within the body. The authors propose that acupuncture meridians, including tendino-muscular pathways, may be linked to the organization of connective tissue, influencing its mechanical and physiological properties. Reference: Langevin, H. M., & Yandow, J. A. (2002). Relationship of acupuncture points and meridians to connective tissue planes.

Tendino Muscular Pathways Research

Langevin, H. M., Cornbrooks, C. J., & Taatjes, D. J. (2004). "Fibroblasts form a body-wide cellular network." Histochemistry and Cell Biology, 122(1), 7-15. Description: This study explores the role of fibroblasts in forming a body-wide cellular network that could be involved in the functioning of meridians and tendino-muscular pathways. The authors suggest that this network may help explain the physical basis of these pathways in TCM. Reference: Langevin, H. M., Cornbrooks, C. J., & Taatjes, D. J. (2004). Fibroblasts form a body-wide cellular network. Histochemistry and Cell Biology, 122(1), 7-15. doi:10.1007/s00418-004-0664-7

The Science of Fascia Conduits for the Flow of Energy

Restrictive Barriers to Motion and Respiration

Fascia is the Key It is not the skeletal structure, bones, that cause problems with respiration but rather the connective tissues, primarily fascia, that creates restrictive barriers to movement and respiration. It is fascia that is the focus of our attention and treatment.

An Introduction to Fascia Fascia, an often-overlooked component of our anatomy, is a remarkable and intricate network of connective tissue that permeates every aspect of the human body. Enveloping muscles, bones, nerves, and organs, fascia provides structural support, facilitates movement, and plays a critical role in maintaining overall bodily integrity. This dynamic tissue not only connects and separates different anatomical structures but also contributes to functions such as force transmission, proprioception, and the healing process. As scientific interest in fascia grows, its significance in health, disease, and therapeutic interventions becomes increasingly evident, unveiling a complex and vital system that underscores the interconnectedness of our bodily functions. This book delves into the fascinating world of fascia, exploring its anatomy, physiology, and the profound impact it has on our well-being.

An Introduction to Fascia Fascia serves multiple vital functions in the human body, acting as an essential component of the connective tissue system. One of its primary roles is to provide structural support and stability. Fascia forms a continuous web that envelops muscles, bones, organs, and nerves, creating a cohesive unit that maintains the body's shape and structural integrity. This connective tissue not only holds individual components in place but also allows them to move and function in harmony. By compartmentalizing and separating different tissues, fascia ensures that each structure can operate without interference, yet still remain part of a unified system.

An Introduction to Fascia

In addition to structural support, fascia plays a crucial role in facilitating movement and force transmission. During physical activities, fascia helps distribute mechanical stress and strain throughout the body, reducing the risk of injury and enhancing efficiency. This is particularly evident in the myofascial system, where fascia interconnects muscles and transmits the force generated by muscle contractions across different parts of the body. This interconnectedness allows for coordinated movements and contributes to overall biomechanical function. Fascia’s elasticity and ability to store and release energy also aid in smooth and efficient movements, making it a key player in athletic performance and everyday physical tasks.

An Introduction to Fascia Fascia is also integral to proprioception and sensory functions. It contains numerous nerve endings and sensory receptors that provide the brain with critical information about the position and movement of different body parts. This sensory feedback is essential for maintaining balance, coordination, and spatial awareness. Furthermore, fascia’s role in proprioception extends to the detection of pain and changes in tension, which can influence how the body responds to injury or strain. By monitoring and adapting to these sensory inputs, fascia helps protect the body from harm and facilitates the healing process.

Fascial Planes

In modern anatomy, fascia is a sheet or band of connective tissue that surrounds muscles, blood vessels, and nerves, binding some structures together while permitting others to slide smoothly over each other. Fascia is continuous throughout the body and is divided into superficial, deep, and visceral fascia. It plays a crucial role in maintaining structural integrity, providing support and protection, enabling movement, and storing and releasing energy. The fascia's interconnected nature allows it to transmit mechanical forces throughout the body, influencing posture and movement patterns.

Fascial Planes

Modern discoveries and research regarding fascial planes and their pathways demonstrates a close association with the ancient concept of tendino muscular pathways.

Tendino Muscular Pathways and Fascial Planes

The Tendino-Muscular Pathways in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and the fascial planes of the body in modern anatomy share a deeply interrelated framework in describing the interconnectedness of the body's structural and energetic systems. Tendino-Muscular Pathways, often associated with the sinew channels, follow the course of the primary acupuncture meridians but are focused on the superficial layers of the body, particularly muscles, tendons, and connective tissue. Similarly, fascia, a continuous web of connective tissue, envelops and connects muscles, bones, and organs, creating structural integrity and facilitating movement and communication within the body.

Tendino Muscular Pathways and Fascial Planes

Both systems emphasize the flow of energy, whether it is chi in the Tendino-Muscular Pathways or the mechanical and biochemical signaling within the fascial planes. These pathways and planes both highlight how tension, restriction, or injury in one area of the body can influence distant areas due to their interconnected nature. For example, in TCM, blockages or imbalances in a sinew channel might manifest as pain or restricted movement, akin to how fascial restrictions can limit mobility or cause compensatory patterns in other parts of the body.

Tendino Muscular Pathways and Fascial Planes

This parallel understanding fosters a holistic view of the body, with TCM practitioners addressing imbalances in Tendino-Muscular Pathways through techniques like acupuncture, cupping, and gua sha, while manual therapists and bodyworkers release fascial restrictions using techniques like myofascial release. Both approaches seek to restore balance, optimize movement, and support the body’s natural healing processes by working with these integrative systems.

Treating Along the Bladder Meridian ASSOCIATED POINTS AND TENDINO MUSCULAR PATHWAYS

The Bladder Meridian The Bladder Meridian is a crucial energy pathway in traditional Chinese medicine. It’s associated with the urinary system and plays a significant role in maintaining balance within the body. This meridian has 67 points and runs from the inner canthus of the eye, ascends over the head, descends along the dorsal surface of the trunk and lower limb, and terminates at the outer border of the little toe.

The Associated Points (Shu) Back-shu (Associated) points are acupuncture points on the back where the chi of the respective zangfu organs is infused. They are located on either side of the vertebral column, in close proximity to the spinal ganglia and their respective zangfu organs. Back-shu points not only treat diseases of their associated organs but can also be diagnostic in nature. Sensitivity upon palpation indicates a pathology of that organ. Back-shu points have a direct therapeutic effect on the diseases of the Five Zang organs.

Spinal Ganglia and Plexi

The spinal sympathetic plexi refer to networks of nerves that are part of the autonomic nervous system, specifically the sympathetic division. These plexuses run along the spine and are responsible for conveying sympathetic nerve signals to various organs and tissues throughout the body.

Shu Points and Spinal Ganglia

The back-shu points of the Bladder Meridian and the spinal ganglia share a striking anatomical and functional relationship, highlighting the integrative nature of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and modern neuroanatomy. Back-shu points are acupuncture points located along the Bladder Meridian near the spine, corresponding energetically to specific internal organs. Similarly, spinal ganglia, also known as dorsal root ganglia, are clusters of nerve cell bodies located along the spine, responsible for transmitting sensory information from the body to the central nervous system. These anatomical structures overlap significantly in their physical locations and their roles in regulating the body’s internal and external environments.

Shu Points and Spinal Ganglia

The back-shu points align closely with the regions of the spine where the spinal ganglia emerge. In TCM, stimulation of these points is believed to influence the flow of chi to their associated organs, supporting organ function and addressing imbalances. From a neurophysiological perspective, the proximity of these points to the spinal ganglia suggests that stimulating back-shu points may modulate sensory and autonomic nervous system activity, influencing both visceral organ function and pain perception. For example, stimulation of BL23, the back-shu point for the kidneys, may impact the nerves in the lumbar region, potentially affecting kidney function and the perception of lower back pain.

Shu Points and Spinal Ganglia

This association bridges ancient and modern perspectives, providing a possible neurobiological basis for the effectiveness of TCM therapies like acupuncture and massage in treating internal organ dysfunctions and somatic pain. By considering both the energetic and neural pathways, practitioners can appreciate how these systems work in concert to maintain balance and health in the body.

Spinal Ganglia and Plexi

Cervical Sympathetic Plexus  Located in the cervical (neck) region, this plexus supplies the head, neck, and upper limbs. It consists of the superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia.  Functions: Controls aspects such as pupil dilation, sweat production, and blood vessel constriction in the head and neck.

Spinal Ganglia and Plexi Thoracic Sympathetic Plexus  This plexus is formed by the thoracic sympathetic ganglia, which are connected by the sympathetic chain running along the thoracic vertebrae.  Functions: Regulates heart rate, bronchial dilation, and blood vessel constriction in the chest area, as well as controlling abdominal organs through nerve fibers like the greater splanchnic nerve.

Spinal Ganglia and Plexi

Lumbar Sympathetic Plexus  Situated along the lumbar vertebrae, this plexus connects to the lumbar sympathetic ganglia.  Functions: Controls the abdominal and pelvic organs, including aspects of digestion, blood flow, and the functions of the kidneys and bladder.

Spinal Ganglia and Plexi Sacral Sympathetic Plexus  Located in the sacral region of the spine, this plexus is formed by sacral sympathetic ganglia.  Functions: Governs functions of the pelvic organs such as the bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs, and controls blood flow in the lower extremities.

Spinal Ganglia and Plexi

Shu Points and Spinal Ganglia

The Bladder Meridian’s relationship with the autonomic nervous system highlights its role in balancing both the sympathetic and parasympathetic responses. The sympathetic nervous system, which governs the "fight or flight" response, originates in the thoracic and lumbar regions, parallel to the Bladder Meridian. By stimulating points along the meridian, it is possible to calm overactive sympathetic activity, reduce stress, and enhance peripheral circulation. The parasympathetic nervous system, associated with "rest and digest" functions, is primarily linked to the craniosacral regions. The Bladder Meridian’s sacral points, such as Bladder 32 (Ci Liao), can activate parasympathetic responses, promoting relaxation, improved digestion, and reproductive health.

Shu Points and Spinal Ganglia

This interconnected network of the Bladder Meridian, tendino-muscular pathways, spinal ganglia, and autonomic nervous system creates a holistic framework for treating a wide range of conditions. By addressing both the energetic and neurological pathways, therapies targeting the Bladder Meridian can alleviate chronic pain, release muscular tension, improve posture, regulate stress, and harmonize organ function. This integration underscores the profound synergy between TCM principles and modern neurophysiology, offering a comprehensive approach to restoring balance and wellbeing.

Patient Management and Informed Consent LEGAL PROTECTION AND LIABILITY

Comprehensive Treatment Protocol

In manual medicine, herbal medicine, naturopathy, or holistic health care a comprehensive treatment protocol may include the following steps and procedures: 1.

Assessment of the problem.

Identification of the cause of the problem.

Determination of the best course of action and treatment for the problem.

Delivery of manual therapy if determined to be appropriate.

Utilization of a therapeutic modality such as a castor oil pack.

The presentation of dietary and/or nutritional supplement recommendations.

The presentation of herbal medicine recommendations and instructions.

Instructions regarding therapeutic exercises

Instructions regarding home care procedures.

10. Scheduling for reassessment and evaluation.

Evaluation and Assessment

I recommend a system-by-system approach to patient evaluation and assessment based upon observation, palpation, and questioning. Dr. Lawton

Treatment Plan

Informed Consent

Prohibition on Diagnosing Patient Conditions in Michigan Massage Law

Under the Michigan Public Health Code, the scope of practice for massage therapists is defined to specifically exclude certain medical activities, including the diagnosis of patient conditions. Here is the key language relevant to this prohibition: Section 17951(2)(c) states: "Massage therapy does not include diagnosing illnesses or conditions, prescribing drugs or medicines, performing surgery, or engaging in any other form of medical treatment." This language clearly indicates that massage therapists in Michigan are not allowed to: Diagnose illnesses or conditions. Prescribe any form of drugs or medicines. Perform surgical procedures. Engage in any medical treatment that falls outside the scope of massage therapy as defined by the law.

The Role of AcuMyoTherapy TREATING ACUTE AND CHRONIC PAIN

AcuMyoTherapy – General Treatment

Acupressure, tuina, and other Asian therapeutic modalities such as moxibustion (moxa), cupping, and gua sha have long been utilized for the treatment of both acute and chronic pain, offering holistic and non-invasive approaches to addressing discomfort and dysfunction. These techniques, rooted in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), work by stimulating the body’s natural healing processes, improving circulation, releasing tension, and restoring the flow of chi (vital energy) through the body’s meridians.

AcuMyoTherapy – General Treatment

AMT Acupressure involves the application of gentle, sustained pressure to specific acupuncture points on the body. By stimulating these points, practitioners aim to release blockages in the flow of chi, alleviating pain and promoting relaxation. Acupressure is particularly effective in addressing headaches, muscle tension, joint pain, and nerve pain, as it directly targets areas of stagnation and restores energetic balance. Unlike acupuncture, which uses needles, acupressure uses the fingers or hands, making it a more accessible and comfortable modality for many patients.

AcuMyoTherapy – General Treatment

Tuina, often referred to as Chinese medical massage, combines techniques such as kneading, rolling, and pressing to manipulate the body’s soft tissues, muscles, and joints. Unlike Western massage, tuina works along the body’s meridian pathways, harmonizing the flow of chi and blood while addressing both musculoskeletal and internal organ imbalances. It is especially effective for conditions like back pain, neck stiffness, and sports injuries, as it not only relieves local pain but also corrects underlying patterns of disharmony that contribute to chronic conditions.

AcuMyoTherapy – General Treatment

Moxibustion, or moxa, is a heat-based therapy that involves burning dried mugwort near specific acupuncture points to warm the meridians, improve circulation, and dispel cold and dampness. It is often used in conjunction with acupressure or acupuncture to enhance their effects. Moxa is particularly useful for chronic pain conditions exacerbated by cold weather, such as arthritis or lower back pain, as the warmth penetrates deeply into the tissues to provide lasting relief.

AcuMyoTherapy – General Treatment

Cupping therapy, which uses suction created by glass, silicone, or bamboo cups, is another powerful modality for pain relief. By creating negative pressure, cupping draws blood to the surface, loosening tight muscles, releasing fascial adhesions, and promoting lymphatic drainage. It is frequently used for conditions such as muscle soreness, frozen shoulder, and even respiratory-related chest pain. The distinctive circular marks left by cupping are temporary and indicate areas of stagnation that have been effectively addressed. In AMT we do not seek to rupture blood vessels under the skin or to cause injury.

AcuMyoTherapy – General Treatment

Gua sha, a scraping technique that uses a smooth-edged tool, is commonly employed to release tension, improve microcirculation, and reduce inflammation. By gently scraping the skin along specific meridians or areas of pain, gua sha stimulates blood flow and clears heat or stagnation from the body. This technique is particularly effective for acute pain from muscle strain or tension, as well as chronic conditions such as fibromyalgia and myofascial pain syndrome. In AMT gua sha we do not seek to rupture blood vessels or to cause injury.

AcuMyoTherapy – General Treatment

Together, these Asian therapeutic modalities offer a multifaceted approach to pain management. They address not only the symptoms of pain but also its root causes, harmonizing the body’s internal systems and promoting overall well-being. Whether used individually or in combination, these techniques provide a safe, effective, and holistic alternative to pharmacological treatments, making them invaluable tools in the management of acute and chronic pain.

Respiratory Protocols AcuMyoTherapy, Breathwork, and Exercise

Structure, Function, and Disease

Enhancing Respiratory Function Through Massage, Core Exercises, and Yoga Breath Work  The respiratory muscles, including the diaphragm, intercostal muscles, and accessory muscles, not only play a critical role in breathing but also have a profound impact on overall posture, core stability, and thoracic mobility. Addressing these muscles through targeted therapies, core exercises, and breath work can significantly improve respiratory efficiency and alleviate restrictions caused by tension, poor posture, or underlying health conditions.

Structure, Function, and disease

Common Respiratory Pathology’s  Infectious diseases such as pneumonia and bronchitis, which lead to inflammation and mucus build-up in the airways, can benefit from gentle manual techniques to loosen mucus and enhance drainage, as well as breathing exercises to clear airways and strengthen respiratory muscles. Additionally, conditions like restricted breathing due to smoking or vaping and post-respiratory infection stiffness often see improvements with a combination of rib cage mobilization and diaphragmatic breathing, fostering better recovery and pulmonary health.

Structure, Function, and Disease

Thoracic Massage and Mobilization Therapy  Thoracic massage and mobilization therapy are effective in releasing tension and improving the flexibility of the muscles and connective tissues involved in respiration. Techniques such as myofascial release, trigger point therapy, and deep tissue massage targeting the intercostal muscles, pectoralis minor, and accessory respiratory muscles can relieve muscular tightness that may restrict chest expansion. Mobilization of the thoracic spine and rib cage can enhance joint mobility and increase the overall range of motion, allowing the ribs and diaphragm to function optimally. These therapies are particularly beneficial for individuals with chronic conditions such as asthma, COPD, or those recovering from respiratory infections like COVID-19, which can leave the chest muscles fatigued and tight.

Structure, Function, and Disease

Core Exercises and Respiratory Muscle Strength  The diaphragm not only functions as the primary muscle of respiration but is also a key component of the core muscle group, which includes the pelvic floor, transversus abdominis, and multifidus muscles. Strengthening these muscles through core exercises, such as planks, bridges, and Pilates movements, enhances diaphragmatic function and stabilizes the trunk. When the core muscles are strong, the diaphragm can contract and relax more effectively, improving both the depth and efficiency of breathing. Conversely, weak core muscles can compromise diaphragmatic movement and contribute to shallow breathing patterns, which are often associated with stress and reduced oxygen intake.

Structure, Function, and Disease

Breath Work and Abdominal Churning  Yoga breath work, or pranayama, offers powerful techniques to optimize respiratory muscle function, reduce stress, and promote overall well-being. Practices such as the reverse breath, diaphragmatic breathing (belly breathing), alternate nostril breathing (nadi shodhana), and kapalabhati (skull-shining breath) strengthen the diaphragm and intercostal muscles while fostering greater lung capacity and oxygenation. Abdominal churning, or nauli kriya, is another advanced yogic technique that involves isolating and contracting the abdominal muscles in a rhythmic, wave-like motion. This practice strengthens the core and massages internal organs, enhancing both respiratory and digestive health.

Structure, Function, and Disease

Breath Work and Abdominal Churning  When combined with thoracic massage and mobilization therapy, yoga breath work and abdominal churning can help release physical restrictions in the chest, improve posture, and promote diaphragmatic efficiency. These practices also facilitate the relaxation of accessory respiratory muscles, which can become overactive during stress or poor breathing patterns. By focusing on controlled, conscious breathing and core engagement, individuals can achieve greater respiratory resilience and overall vitality.

Structure, Function, and Disease

The Synergistic Benefits  Integrating thoracic massage, mobilization therapy, core exercises, and yoga breath work creates a holistic approach to improving respiratory health. Together, these techniques enhance the mechanical function of the respiratory muscles, optimize lung capacity, and support the nervous system. This synergy is especially valuable for individuals with chronic respiratory conditions, athletes looking to improve performance, and anyone seeking to deepen their mind-body connection.  By addressing the respiratory muscles through a combination of manual therapy, physical conditioning, and breath-focused practices, it is possible to unlock the full potential of the respiratory system, leading to better oxygenation, reduced oxidative stress, and a stronger, healthier core.

Structure, Function, and Disease

Manual Therapy and Breathwork  Manual therapy and breathing exercises can be highly beneficial for various respiratory conditions and pathologies, as they often address musculoskeletal restrictions, enhance lung capacity, and promote effective oxygen exchange. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive condition characterized by airflow limitation, typically caused by chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or a combination. It results in breathlessness, coughing, and reduced exercise tolerance, and manual therapy can improve thoracic mobility and posture, while breathing exercises can enhance lung function. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways that causes wheezing, breathlessness, and chest tightness due to bronchoconstriction and mucus overproduction.

Thoracic Technique

Thoracic Technique and Respiratory Protocol

Ancillary Techniques Addressed to the Thoracic Spine and Rib Cage Manual Technique and Breathwork

Muscle Grasping/Compression

The muscle grasping and compression technique, as applied to the trunk muscles, is a highly effective manual therapy method designed to release muscle tension, improve circulation, and enhance overall mobility. This technique begins by carefully grabbing the muscle to be treated, allowing the therapist to isolate and target the specific area of dysfunction. The muscle is then squeezed and compressed, applying firm yet controlled pressure to release knots, adhesions, and areas of hypertonicity (excess tension). Compression stimulates blood flow to the area, which helps deliver oxygen and nutrients while flushing out metabolic waste products that contribute to muscle soreness.

Muscle Grasping/Compression

Once the muscle is sufficiently compressed, the therapist lifts and shakes the muscle, creating a dynamic mobilization that helps relax the fibers, reduce spasms, and restore normal tone. This lifting and shaking action further promotes neuromuscular relaxation and stimulates proprioceptive feedback, which helps reset the muscle’s functional state. When applied to the trunk muscles, this technique is particularly beneficial for improving posture, relieving tightness in the thoracic and lumbar regions, and addressing compensatory patterns often seen in conditions like scoliosis, kyphosis, or chronic back pain. Additionally, it helps reduce muscle fatigue, improve respiratory function by relieving tension in accessory breathing muscles, and increase the range of motion. By combining compression, mobilization, and relaxation, this technique provides comprehensive care for musculoskeletal health, supporting pain relief and functional recovery.

Breathing Techniques

Controlled systematic deep breathing exercises can be used to encourage normal lymph fluid movement. These breathing exercises include: 1. Slow sustained inhalation combined with a rapid exhalation. 2. Slow segmental inhalation combined with partial segmental exhalation. 3. Slow segmental inhalation combined with partial segmental exhalation and controlled muscular contraction.

Breathing Techniques

Breathing Technique Number One:  Slow Sustained Inhalation With A Rapid Exhalation  This exercise combines a slow, even, sustained inhalation with a rapid exhalation. The patient is instructed in the following breath exercise. 1. Slow abdominal breathing. 2. Tighten the abdominal muscles while they inhale. 3. Maintain a slow, even inhalation while maintaining tension in the abdominal muscles. (The abdominal muscles relax upon exhalation). 4. Rapidly exhale and to slowly inhale. 5. Perform this activity, when possible, in a supine position with the head and shoulders slightly elevated.

Breathing Techniques

Breathing Technique Number Two:  Slow Segmental Inhalation With Partial Segmental Exhalation  This exercise combines a slow segmental inhalation, ratchet breath, with a partial exhalation, only 25 percent. The patient is instructed in the following breath exercise. 1. Slow abdominal breathing. 2. Tighten the abdominal muscles while they inhale. 3. Inhale, taking a long deep breath and then to “release” only 25 percent of the air. Then slowly and with short segmental inhalations, refill the lungs. (This procedure of inhaling and exhaling while only releasing 25 percent of the inhaled volume of air is continuously repeated during this exercise).

Breathing Techniques

Breathing Technique Number Three:  Slow Sustained Inhalation With Partial Segmental Exhalation And Controlled Muscular Contraction  This breath exercise combines the techniques described in Breath Exercise Number Two with controlled muscular contraction. The controlled muscular contraction phase of this breath exercise involves segmental “ratchet” contraction of specific skeletal muscle groups, such as muscles in the arms or legs. Ratchet muscular contraction is performed by slowly and consciously tightening the muscles in one or more extremities, while performing the ratchet breath inhalation. The patient will increase slight muscle tension in one or more extremities with each small inhalation. Upon exhalation the patient may either maintain, or subsequently increase the controlled muscle tension, or they may relax the muscle tissue and then contract the muscles with the next 25 percent inhalation.

Abdominal and Pelvic Technique HANDS ON TRAINING SECTION

Abdominal and Pelvic Technique

Abdominal and pelvic massage therapy has been utilized for centuries across various cultures to address a wide range of health conditions related to the abdominal and pelvic regions. These techniques aim to alleviate discomfort, improve organ function, reduce internal scar tissue, and enhance overall well-being. Among the most prominent systems of abdominal and pelvic manual therapy are Swedish massage, Tui Na, osteopathic manipulation, the Arvigo Techniques of Abdominal Therapy, and the therapeutic practices developed at the Battle Creek Sanitarium by Dr. Harvey Kellogg.

Abdominal and Pelvic Technique

Swedish massage, while primarily known for its relaxation and stress-relieving benefits, includes specialized techniques for the abdominal region. Gentle, rhythmic strokes and kneading motions are used to promote circulation, relieve tension, and encourage the natural movement of the digestive tract. These techniques are often employed to support patients suffering from constipation, bloating, and general digestive discomfort. By addressing the superficial and deeper layers of abdominal tissues, Swedish massage also helps to improve lymphatic drainage and reduce fluid retention.

Abdominal and Pelvic Technique

Traditional Osteopathic physicians utilize manual therapy techniques to address structural imbalances and enhance the body’s ability to self-heal. In the context of abdominal and pelvic health, osteopathic manipulation focuses on releasing tension in the connective tissues, fascia, and organs. Techniques such as myofascial release and visceral manipulation are commonly used to treat internal scar tissue, post-surgical adhesions, and chronic pelvic pain. These gentle, targeted methods aim to restore mobility and function to the affected tissues, improving organ alignment and reducing discomfort.

Abdominal and Pelvic Technique

Founded by Dr. Rosita Arvigo, a naprapathic physician and herbalist, and inspired by traditional Maya healing practices, the Arvigo Techniques of Abdominal Therapy (ATMAT) emphasize the importance of abdominal health for overall well-being. These techniques involve gentle external manipulation of the abdomen and pelvis to reposition internal organs, improve blood flow, and stimulate the lymphatic and nervous systems. ATMAT is particularly beneficial for addressing conditions such as infertility, endometriosis, uterine prolapse, and digestive disorders. Additionally, it aids in breaking down internal scar tissue and promoting the body’s natural healing mechanisms.

Abdominal and Pelvic Technique

Rooted in traditional Chinese medicine, Tui Na incorporates a variety of manipulative techniques to restore balance and harmony within the body. Abdominal Tui Na focuses on the meridians and acupressure points within the abdominal and pelvic regions. Therapists use rolling, pressing, and kneading motions to unblock energy pathways, alleviate digestive issues, and reduce menstrual discomfort. This method is particularly effective for addressing internal adhesions and promoting the body’s natural healing processes by improving qi (vital energy) and blood flow.

Abdominal and Pelvic Technique

Dr. Harvey Kellogg, a pioneer in holistic health, developed therapeutic abdominal massage techniques at the Battle Creek Sanitarium in Michigan. These methods combined aspects of Swedish massage, hydrotherapy, and mechanical devices to improve digestion, reduce tension, and address chronic conditions. Dr. Kellogg’s approaches emphasized the importance of abdominal health in maintaining overall vitality, focusing on stimulating peristalsis, alleviating constipation, and enhancing circulation to the abdominal organs.

Abdominal and Pelvic Technique

Each of these systems offers unique benefits and therapeutic approaches, yet they share a common goal: to optimize the health and function of the abdominal and pelvic regions. Whether addressing digestive issues, menstrual discomfort, or internal scar tissue, these manual therapies provide holistic, non-invasive solutions that empower the body’s inherent healing abilities. By integrating these methods into a comprehensive treatment plan, practitioners can offer patients relief from chronic conditions and improved quality of life.

Abdominal and Pelvic Technique

In addition to manual therapy techniques, the integration of herbal medicine plays a vital role in the treatment of abdominal and pelvic disorders. Topical applications such as castor oil packs and herbal-infused oils are used to reduce inflammation, improve lymphatic flow, and soften scar tissue. Internally, herbal medicines can support digestive health, hormonal balance, and systemic healing. Combining these natural remedies with massage therapy enhances the therapeutic outcomes, offering a comprehensive and holistic approach to abdominal and pelvic care.

Abdominal and Pelvic Technique

Neijia, Nei Gong, and Internal Power

The foundation of dao yin and chi gong internal exercises, indeed the foundation of all forms of yoga, whether Chinese, Indian, or Tibetan, is breathwork. In dao yin postures and we practice several different forms of internal breathing exercises combined with abdominal “churning”. These practices originated in Egypt and were refined in India. From India they migrated to China. The Indian yoga abdominal churning exercises are known as Chakki Chalanasana, which translates to “Mill Churning Pose” in English. In China, this practice is called “a mill wheel turning”. This exercise mimics the movements of a traditional millstone, commonly used in many cultures for grinding grains. In India and China, it is performed from a seated yoga or dao yin pose that involves circular movements of the abdominal muscles and contractions of thoracic muscles, which helps to tone these muscles and improve respiration, digestion, circulation, and tonify human body systems.

Nei Gong and Internal Power Tai Chi Chuan, Dao Yin, and Chi Kung Training Manual

Herbal Medicine Making HANDS ON TRAINING SECTION

Herbal Medicines

There is no justification, no rational or scientifically based reason to think that herbs are less effective than synthetically manipulated petroleum molecules known as medical prescription drugs. The fact that many do hold this opinion is due largely to years of persecution, bias, and prejudice enacted against naturopathic, homeopathic, and chiropractic practitioners which is promoted by allopathic and osteopathic physicians, the medical profession, the Food and Drug Administration, the prescription drug companies, the drug company's lobbyists, and the politicians they pay as well as other health related state and federal government agencies.

Herbal Infusions

An herbal infusion is simply an herb or herbs steeped in water. It’s one of the easiest ways to make use of herbs, and for many people, it serves as a gateway to herbalism because of its simplicity and the joy it brings. Here’s more about herbal infusions: Process:  Steeping: Like making tea, an herbal infusion involves steeping herbs in hot water. Think of it as allowing the herbs to “soak” in the water, releasing their beneficial properties.  Herbs Used: You can use a single herb or a blend of herbs. The choice depends on your desired health benefits.  Steeping Time: Herbal infusions steep for much longer than regular teas — typically several hours or even overnight. This extended steeping time allows the water to extract a higher concentration of nutrients and plant compounds from the herbs.

Herbal Infusions

Benefits:  Nutrient-Rich: Herbal infusions are a concentrated source of nutrients and plant compounds. They provide more nourishment than you could get by simply eating the herbs.  Health-Boosting: Depending on the herbs you choose, infusions can support digestion, stress management, hormonal balance, immune strength, and more.  Caffeine-Free: Unlike tea, ,most herbal infusions are caffeine-free, making them suitable for any time of day.

Herbal Infusions

Tinctures and Extracts Homeosomatic Gynelogia: A Holistic Approach to Women’s Health

Herbal Tinctures and Extracts

An herbal tincture is a concentrated liquid form of one or more herbs. Making a Tincture:  To create a tincture, parts of an herb are soaked (such as dried leaves, bark, berries, or roots) in alcohol, glycerin, or vinegar. The soaking process extracts the active components of the herb, concentrating them into a liquid.  Alcohol is often the preferred liquid because it can extract components (like resins and alkaloids) that are not water-soluble.  The resulting tincture contains the therapeutic properties of the plant, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, vitamins, and minerals.

Tinctures and Extracts

Combining Infusions and Tinctures

One treatment strategy to increase the potency of some herbal preparations is to prepare an infusion of a single herb or combination of herbs and to add a dropper of a glycerite or alcohol tincture to the infusion.

Combining Infusions and Tinctures

Glycerite tinctures, made using vegetable glycerin, are sweet and palatable, making them a good choice for children or anyone who dislikes the taste of alcohol-based tinctures. While not as potent as alcohol tinctures due to their less efficient extraction of medicinal compounds from plants, glycerites still deliver herbal benefits. They typically last 1.5 to 2 years when stored correctly. So, while they're not as strong as alcohol-based tinctures, they're a gentle alternative for those who wish to avoid alcohol.

Powders Homeosomatic Gynelogia: A Holistic Approach to Women’s Health

Herbs in Powdered Form

Herbs in powdered form may simply be the result of grinding an herb until it is powdered, measuring the correct dose in milligrams, and then adding hot water or it may involve a complex process of decoction, concentration, drying or freeze drying the herb and then stirring the dried powder form into a water solution. The method of consumption for powders is to place the herbal powder into a small amount of warm water and to drink the mixture.

Herbs in Powdered Form

Capsules and Tablets Homeosomatic Gynelogia: A Holistic Approach to Women’s Health

Making Capsules

The manufacturing process for herbal capsules and tablets involves several steps to ensure the final product is safe, effective, and of high quality. Plant materials are selected, cleaned, dried, and then ground into a fine powder. This powder is then used to create the herbal extract or blend. Depending on the desired constituents, various extraction methods such as water, alcohol, or oil extraction may be used to obtain the active ingredients from the herbs. The extract is then concentrated and dried to remove any solvents used during the extraction process. The dried extract or blend is mixed with excipients that help in the tablet-making process or to fill capsules. These excipients can include binders, fillers, and lubricants. The powdered herbal blend or extract is filled into gelatin or vegetarian capsule shells using capsule filling machines.

Making Tablets

For tablets, the herbal mixture is then compressed into solid forms using a tablet press. The pressure applied during this process binds the ingredients together. Tablets may be coated to protect the ingredients from air and moisture, to improve the taste, or to control the release of the active ingredients in the body.

Quality Control

 Throughout the manufacturing process, quality control measures are in place to ensure the product meets the required standards. This includes testing for purity, strength, and composition.  This process is regulated by health authorities to ensure that the herbal products are manufactured in a way that preserves their quality and safety. The World Health Organization provides guidelines on good herbal processing practices for herbal medicines, which include detailed procedures to produce herbal materials, preparations, and dosage forms.

Capsules and Tablets

Herb Infused Oils

Using Herbal Medicines DOSAGE

How Much to Take

As previously mentioned, herbal medicines may be consumed as infusions (tea), tinctures, extracts, powders, capsules, and tablets. Each method of preparation requires different dosages. Also, each herbal medicine will have different levels of potency and therefore be consumed at different doses.

Herbal Infusions Homeosomatic Gynelogia: A Holistic Approach to Women’s Health

Herbal Infusion Dosage

Preparing an herbal infusion involves steeping fresh or dried herbal material in hot (not boiling) water for a few minutes to several hours. As well as the age, sex, and weight of the patient. The average daily dosage of an herbal infusion is from 3 to 5 cups per day. The amount consumed depends upon the characteristics of the herb and the condition being treated.

Tinctures and Extracts Homeosomatic Gynelogia: A Holistic Approach to Women’s Health

Tincture and Extract Dosage

The dosage Use with a prepared herbal tincture or extract is dependent upon the characteristics of the herb being used and the condition being treated. As well as the age, sex, and weight of the patient. Tinctures and extracts are normally administered via a dropper. Droppers vary in size, but a standard dropper is 1 milliliter. Average doses of an herbal tincture of extract are 3 to 5 milliliters per day. 1 milliliter is equal to 1000 milligrams. The method of consumption for tinctures or extracts is to place the herbal liquid into a small amount of warm water and to drink the liquid.

Powders Homeosomatic Gynelogia: A Holistic Approach to Women’s Health

Powdered Herb Dosage

The amount of a powdered herb that is consumed for health purposes is dependent upon the method used to produce the powdered form of the herb and whether the herb is concentrated and/or standardized. If the is standardized it is of higher quality, more of its chemical constituents are present in the powder and it is more potent, therefore less of the powdered form must be consumed to achieve a clinical response. If the powder herb is not concentrated and was powdered in its raw form, it is inferior and less of its constituents are available. Powdered herbs are generally consumed by the gram and in amounts from 2 to 6 grams per day taken in divided doses.

Capsules and Tablets Homeosomatic Gynelogia: A Holistic Approach to Women’s Health

Capsule and Tablet Dosage

Herbal capsules and tablets commonly are found in 500 to 750 milligram sizes. If 2000 milligrams (2 grams) of an herbal product is recommended that would be the equivalent of 4 500 milligram capsules or tablets. Capsules and tablets are normally taken with a small amount of water. Depending on the herb and the purpose for which an herb is being used they may be taken before a meal, during a meal, or after a meal.

Major Health Concerns of Women DISEASES, DISORDERS, AND PATHOLOGY

Heart Health

Heart health is easier to maintain throughout life than most women realize. All that is required is a good diet, think Mediterranean, mild to moderate exercise, think yoga or tai chi chuan, and an attempt to harmonize daily life with emotional balance and spiritual practices.

Heart Disease

 Heart disease is by far the number one killer of women in the U.S. High blood pressure, high cholesterol, excess weight, diabetes, menopause, smoking and physical inactivity are key heart disease risks. About 610,000 people die of heart disease in the United States every year–that’s 1 in every 4 deaths.  Heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women. More than half of the deaths due to heart disease in 2009 were in men.  Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of heart disease, killing over 370,000 people annually.  Every year about 735,000 Americans have a heart attack. Of these, 525,000 are a first heart attack and 210,000 happen in people who have already had a heart attack. (All data as reported by the CDC)

Heart Disease

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is caused by plaque buildup in arterial walls and includes conditions such as coronary heart disease (myocardial infarction, angina, and coronary artery stenosis). It restricts blood flow to important organs and can lead to heart attacks and strokes.

Heart Disease

If your gums look like this then your heart looks like this, then you will probably experience this….

General Recommendations

Massage and Manual Therapy:  General and wellness massage  AcuMyoTherapy - sedation and tonfification session  KinesioStretch – Table stretching, tuina, and acupressure routine Therapeutic Exercise:  Low to moderate regular exercise – walking, yoga, tai chi chuan Diet and Nutrition:  Dean Ornish – Plaque and inflammation reversal diet: https://www.ornish.com/  Nathan Pritikin – Pritikin longevity program: https://www.pritikin.com/ Holistic/Psycho/Spiritual Therapeutics:  Stress management, counseling

Herbal Medicine

Cardiotonic – Motherwort, Black Cohosh (caution) Sedative – Passionflower Blood thinner – Red Clover, Pomegranate juice/seeds (caution - tannins) Anti-inflammatory - Turmeric Hawthorne berry “Compounds in hawthorn berry improve blood flow to the coronary artery and strengthen contractions of the heart muscle, according to the University of Michigan Health System. These effects lead to a decrease in congestive heart failure symptoms, such as chest pressure and heart palpitations.” Garlic - Garlic has been associated with several potential benefits for heart health and arteries such as blood pressure reduction, plaque removal, and lowering cholesterol. Red Yeast Rice (statin) “Red yeast rice contains compounds that appear to lower cholesterol levels. One of the compounds is monacolin K, the same ingredient that is in the prescription cholesterollowering drug lovastatin (Altoprev). Acacia powder – High soluble fiber content and a pre-biotic removes cholesterol from the gut.

Specialized and Individualized Diet Plans Heart Disease

Specialized and Individualized Diet Plans

*Specialized and Individualized Diet Plans 

Mediterranean Diet - This diet is based on the traditional eating habits of people in countries like Greece and Italy. It’s rich in vegetables, fruits, nuts, beans, and whole grains, with a focus on healthy fats like olive oil.

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DASH Diet - Originally designed to lower blood pressure, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is also beneficial for diabetes management. It emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy, while being low in saturated fat, sugar, and sodium.



Pritikin Diet - The Pritikin Diet was originally developed by Nathan Pritikin and has evolved over time. It now includes a balanced distribution of calories from complex carbohydrates (70%), fat (15%), and lean or plantbased protein (15%). It’s designed to be low in fat and high in fiber, promoting a healthy heart and weight management.

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Dean Ornish Diet - The Dean Ornish Diet, also known as the Ornish Reversal Diet, is a whole-foods plant-based eating plan created by Dr. Dean Ornish. Its primary focus is on promoting heart health and potentially reversing chronic conditions such as heart disease, high blood pressure, and type 2 diabetes.

Herbal Medicine Motherwort - Leonurus cardiaca

Motherwort - Leonurus cardiaca

Heart Health: Motherwort has heart-protective properties. Antioxidants in motherwort help protect the heart from damage. Ursolic acid, an active ingredient in motherwort, is linked to potential heart health benefits. Relieves Anxiety: Motherwort has anti-anxiety, sedative, and anti-depressive attributes and can be combined with a herbal anti-depressant such as Saint John’s Wort. Healthy Reproductive System: One of the main traditional uses of motherwort has been in the treatment of menopausal symptoms and it optimizes hormonal health in women of reproductive age. Eases Menstruation: Regular consumption of motherwort tea can help regulate irregular periods. This reduces the unexpected mood swings and physical effects of monthly menstruation.

Motherwort - Leonurus cardiaca Safety: Motherwort is considered safe for general consumption. It is not associated with toxicity or side effects when consumed in moderate amounts. A typical tincture or glycerite dose is 35ml three times per day. Higher doses may be necessary for more serious arrhythmias or menopausal symptoms. However, consuming excess motherwort could result in diarrhea, uterine bleeding, and stomach pain. Pregnant and breastfeeding women and those on heart rate or blood-thinning medications should avoid motherwort unless cleared by a health professional.

Herbal Medicine Black Cohosh - Cimicifuga racemosa

Black Cohosh - Cimicifuga racemosa

Menopause Symptoms: Black cohosh is well-known for easing menopause symptoms. It has been studied extensively in this context.  In a study of 80 menopausal women, those who supplemented with 20 milligrams (mg) of black cohosh daily for 8 weeks reported significantly fewer and less severe hot flashes than before they started the supplement1.  Other human studies have confirmed similar findings, making it beneficial for alleviating menopause symptoms. Hormonal Balance:  Black cohosh may help with other areas of women’s health related to hormone balance.  Some older studies suggest that taking black cohosh may help those with unexplained infertility or fertility issues related to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) increase their chances of ovulating and becoming pregnant.

Black Cohosh - Cimicifuga racemosa

Anti-Spasmodic and Analgesic Properties:  Black cohosh has anti-spasmodic properties, helping muscles and nerves function normally and preventing cramping and aching pains.  Its natural analgesic and anti-inflammatory abilities make it useful for various aches and pains related to injury, muscle strain, and chronic nervous tension. Anti-Inflammatory Action:  The salicylic acid found in black cohosh acts as a natural anti-inflammatory substance, like aspirin.

Black Cohosh - Cimicifuga racemosa

Safety: When taken appropriately, black cohosh is possibly safe for up to one year. Some mild side effects may occur, including stomach upset, headache, rash, and a feeling of heaviness. People who are sensitive to aspirin, have a seizure disorder, liver disease, hormone-sensitive cancers (such as certain types of breast cancer), stroke, or high blood pressure should avoid taking black cohosh. Dizziness, diaphoresis (excessive sweating), and hypotension (low blood pressure) may occur with high doses.

Black Cohosh - Cimicifuga racemosa

Remifemin is a natural supplement made from black cohosh root extract. It is commonly used to alleviate symptoms related to menopause. Here are some key points about Remifemin: The primary ingredient in Remifemin is black cohosh (Actaea racemosa or Cimicifuga racemosa). Black cohosh has been clinically proven to reduce multiple menopause symptoms, including: Hot flashes Night sweats Mood swings Irritability Estrogen-Free: Remifemin is ideal for women who choose not to take estrogen. It can be used as an alternative to Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) for relieving menopause and perimenopause symptoms. Usage: Take 1 tablet in the morning and 1 tablet in the evening.

Black Cohosh Cimicifuga racemosa

Herbal Medicine Hawthorn Berry - Crataegus

Hawthorn Berry - Crataegus

Blood Pressure Regulation:  Traditional Chinese medicine often recommends hawthorn berry for treating high blood pressure.  The flavonoids in hawthorn berries improve blood flow, protect blood vessels, and help dilate them. Heart Health Support:  Hawthorn has been called “the heart herb” due to its cardio-protective abilities.  It has been used historically for angina, irregular heartbeats, and congestive heart failure.  Hawthorn’s flavonoids improve blood flow and protect against blood vessel damage.

Hawthorn Berry - Crataegus

Antioxidant Properties:  Hawthorn berries are rich in polyphenols, which are powerful antioxidants found in plants. These compounds help neutralize harmful free radicals in the body, reducing the risk of certain diseases like cancer, type 2 diabetes, and heart problems1.  While initial research has been promising, more human studies are needed to fully understand the effects of hawthorn berries on disease risk. Anti-Inflammatory Potential:  Chronic inflammation is linked to various health conditions, including type 2 diabetes and asthma.

Hawthorn Berry - Crataegus

Breast Health and Disease Homeosomatic Gynelogia: A Holistic Approach to Women’s Health

Breast Health Factors Breast Awareness:  Self-examination and being familiar with how your breasts usually feel can help you detect any changes. Pay attention to sensitivity, texture, and lumps, especially during different phases of your menstrual cycle and as you age. Risk Factors:  Age: Most breast cancers are diagnosed after age 50, so regular screenings are crucial for older women.  Gender: Breast cancer occurs nearly 100 times more often in women than in men.

Breast Health Factors Genetic Factors:

Inherited mutations (e.g., BRCA1 and BRCA2) can increase risk. Family history of breast or ovarian cancer raises the risk.

Reproductive History:

Early menstruation, late menopause, and not having children can affect risk.

Dense Breast Tissue: (Fibrocystic Breast Disorder)*

Dense breasts make lumps harder to detect and increase the risk of breast cancer.

Breast Health Factors Environmental and Lifestyle Factors:

Physical Activity: Being physically active helps lower the risk of breast cancer. Diet: The SAD diet and any diet that increase cellular and tissue inflammation. Alcohol: Eliminate alcohol consumption to reduce risk. Tobacco Use: Avoid smoking and exposure to tobacco products. Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy: Discuss risks and benefits with your doctor. Obesity, Diabetes, and Metabolic Syndrome: Maintaining a healthy weight is important. Radiation Exposure: History of radiation therapy increases risk. Birth Control: Birth control pills increase the risk of breast cancer.

Breast Health Risk Assessment

Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool: Online Calculator (The Gail Model)  The Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (BCRAT), also known as The Gail Model, allows health professionals to estimate a woman's risk of developing invasive breast cancer over the next five years and up to age 90 (lifetime risk).  The tool uses a woman's personal medical and reproductive history and the history of breast cancer among her first-degree relatives (mother, sisters, daughters) to estimate absolute breast cancer risk-her chance or probability of developing invasive breast cancer in a defined age interval.  Go here to access the online questionnaire - https://bcrisktool.cancer.gov/

General Recommendations

Manual Therapy: •Upper extremity lymphedema protocol •Anterior thoracic deep tissue treatment post-surgery and radiation •Rib technique •Castor oil packs, Cayce method

Therapeutic Exercise: •Low to moderate exercise improves fluid dynamics in breast tissue and boost lymph movement

Diet and Nutrition: •Specialized diet*, low sugar, healthy fats and omega’s, no alcohol or caffeine, no protein supplements

General Recommendations Holistic/Psycho/Spiritual Therapeutics: • Music therapy, yoga, tai chi chuan, and dance

Herbal Medicine: • Phyto medicine flavonoids • Phyto sterols/estrogens • Anti-oxidants – grapes, dark green leafy vegetables, green tea, berries, goji berry, blue berry, • Polyphenols – all berries, cinnamon, pomegranate juice, apple • Saw Palmetto • Turmeric

Breast Disorders - Cancer

Risk factors include increasing age, personal history of breast abnormalities, physical inactivity, being overweight, caffeine, alcohol, smoking, hormone replacement therapy, environmental toxins and xenoestrogens, early menstruation (before the age of 12), late menopause (after age 55), age at your first live birth and family history of breast cancer (genetic markers). BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations significantly increase the risk of both breast and ovarian cancers. Other genes, such as CHEK2, ATM, PALB2, TP53, and PTEN, also contribute to an elevated risk.

Breast Disorders – Fibrocystic Breast Changes

Fibrocystic breast changes, also known as fibrocystic breasts, is a common noncancerous condition that predominantly affects premenopausal women. Fibrocystic breast changes encompass a wide range of symptoms, including:  Breast tenderness (which can worsen just before a period).  The sudden appearance of masses in the breast tissue (which may also disappear just as quickly).  Free-moving, lumpy masses in your breast, often near your armpit (often asymptomatic and discovered during self-exams).

Breast Disorders – Fibrocystic Breast Changes

Causes of Breast Tissue Changes:  Hormonal Influence: Fluctuating levels of hormones, especially estrogen, during the menstrual cycle are believed to cause fibrocystic breast changes.  Normal Variation: It’s essential to recognize that having fibrocystic breasts doesn’t necessarily indicate a health serious health problem.  Too much animal fat and protein in the diet.  Systemic cell and tissue inflammation (Proinflammatory state).

Specialized and Individualized Diet Plans Breast Health and Disease

Specialized and Individualized Diet Plans

*Specialized and Individualized Diet Plans 

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Herbal Medicine Chasteberry – Vitex agnus-castus - Vitex

Hormone Regulation

Relieves PMS Symptoms:  Vitex is well-known for its ability to reduce symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), including irritability, breast pain, mood changes, and cravings.  Research suggests that it works by decreasing levels of the hormone prolactin, which helps rebalance other hormones like estrogen and progesterone. Antitumor Properties:  Recent studies have shown that vitex exhibits antitumor activities in various human cancer cell lines.

Hormone Regulation

Menopause Support:  Vitex may also alleviate some menopausal symptoms due to its hormonal effects.  It’s particularly helpful for women experiencing hormonal imbalances during this life stage. Infertility and Menstrual Disorders:  Vitex is used to address infertility and regulate menstrual cycles.  By influencing hormone levels, it can promote regular ovulation and improve fertility.

Chasteberry – Vitex agnus-castus - Vitex

Safety:  Vitex agnus castus, is generally considered safe for women to use.  Caution is advised when using chasteberry with dopamine agonists or antagonists due to potential interactions.  Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: It may not be safe to take chasteberry during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.

An Introduction to Asian Herbal Medicine AN EASTERN APPROACH TO HERBAL THERAPY