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343
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350-365
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360
EC 394
GLOSSARY
EC 394
361
362
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EC 394
3 6 3
3 6 4
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EC 394
365
3 6 6
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Tsentrosoyuz : tWi?l~&~!.J’E1S~~Fl~~IAll31~
3 6 8
(central - consumer cooperative)
‘Roger Munting, The Economic Development of the USSR (New York : St. Martin’s Press, 1982), p. 168.
‘Sidney Harcave, Russia : .4 History (New York : J.B. Lippincott Company, 1968). p. 17. 2D.M. Sturley, A Short History of Russia (New York : Harper & Row, Publishers, 1967), p. 15. ,
“Michael T. Florinsky, Russia : A Short History (New York : The Macmillan Company, 1964), p. 15-18. 5tpJ~~6i yv%iq, XJWlp6FlS
d3~~1aian~qaaBtt
: Y%h’la~~‘ihl~~~~ %ui
h%l,
bnuanitpw, aio.Giu,
: qmhwm.6t1u&
m.fl.
1 9 1 7 (n~mw
2525), I& 2 2 . wCi1 4 6 .
‘Sturley, op.cit., p.20. *&UI bmsmnpu,
aisGiu,
wG1 4 1 .
Qa%Gieran’es, Gil 8 6 .
“Harcave,-op.cit.,
pp. 35-48 *
“Ibid., pp. 51-53. EC 394
3 6 9
‘*Ibid., p. 71. 131bid., pp. 71-72. ‘%ar Spector, An Introduction to Russian History and Culture’5th. ed. (New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1969), p. 33. “Paul Dukes, A History of Russia (New York : McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1974), p.
78.
’ ‘%pector,
op.cit., p. 44.
“Basil Dmytryshyn, A History of Russia (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey : PrenticeHall, Inc., 1977), p. 225. “Ibid. lgHarcave, op.cit., p. 73. “Ibid., pp. 73-74. 2’Dukes,
opcit., p. 59.
“Ibid., p. 80.
‘Michael T. Florinsky, Russia : A Short History (New York : The Macmillan Company, 1964), p. 181. 2Basil Dmytryshyn, A History of Russia (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersay : PrenticeHall, Inc., 1977), p. 258. 3Paul Dukes,
A History of Russia (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1974),
p. 98. 4Sidney Harcave, Russia : A History (New York : J.B. Lippincott Company, 1968). p. 109. ‘Florinsky, op.cit., p. 1,82. ‘Ibid., p. 183. ‘D.M. Sturley, A Short History of Russia (New York : Harper & Row, Publishers, 1967), p. 87. ‘Harcave, op.cit., p. 106. ‘Florinsky, op.cit., p. 180.
370
EC 394
“Harcave, “Florinsky,
op.&., p. 107. op.&.
“Sturley, op.cit., p. 74. ‘3Florinsky,op.cit.,
p. 180.
“‘Sturley, op.cit., p.> 89. “Florinsky,
op.cit., p. 203.
16&jbu~ finajan7yW, nl~~~fliarni~~"n%a%:~~~~6~~
(n~9bwwmmwn
: Fpk4
ihMii9, 2526), ?& 182. 17Dmytryshyn, op.cit., pp. 291-292. “Ibid., p. 293. lgHarcave, op.cit., p. 167. 201bid., pp. 167-168. “Ibid., p. 169. “Dmytryshyn,
op.cit., p. 291.
23Florinsky, op.cit., p. 229. “Harcave,
op.cit., p. 173.
25Dukes, op.cit., p. 117. 26Dmytryshyn, op.cit., p. 315. “Ibid. “Florinsky,
op.cit., p. 231.
‘Qlvar Spector, An lntroduiction
to Russian History and Culture, 5th.ed. (New York:
D. Van Nostrand Company, 1969), p. 82. 301bid. 3’Dukes, op.cit., pp. 136-137. 32Florinsky, op.cit., 263 and 279 331bid., p. 281. 34Spector, op.cit., p. 116. 35Dukes,
op.cit., p. 140.
36Dmytryshyn, op.cit., p. 348. 37Sturley, op.cit., p. 133.
EC 394
371
‘Angus Maddison, Economic Growth in Japan and the USSR (London : Allen I% Unwin Ltd., 1969), p. 84. ‘Ivar Spector, An Introduction to Russian History and Culture, Sth.ed. (New York: D.Van Nostrand Company, 1969), p. 128. 3Paul Dukes, A History of Russia (New York : McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1974), p. 161. 4D.M. Sturley, A Short History of Russia (New York : Harper & Row, Publishers, 1967), p;. 166-167. ‘Ibid., p. 167. ‘jIbid. 7Dukes, op.cit., p. 162. ‘Joel Carmichael, A Short History of The Russian Revolution (3rd.ed.;
New York:
Basic Books, Inc., 1964), p. 5. ‘Dukes, op.cit., pp. 162-163. ‘%I.
pld mt
a .
u1p~op”1, nl~~:a~flian~solni~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~,
A Short History of The USSR, ‘6@1e, q O?i?Wd 2525),
(n~9~mwHlUfl4
: Whskp
aadmn “@laqf&“,
‘dl 1 1 .
“Paul R. Gregory, and Robert C. Stuart, Soviet Economic Structure and Performance (New York : Harper and Row, Publishers, 1974), p. 26. lgSturIey,
3 7 2
op.cit., p. 171.
EC 3 9 4 ’
“Maddison,
op.cit., p. 90.
“Sturley, op.cit., p. 187. “Spector, lot. cit. 23Michael
T. iorinsky, Russia : A Short History (New York : The Macmillan Company,
1964), p. 318. *%El97~ u@iBm, tk&i%mm%"%aaGa 9 9 P UMll.4Fl~ : lJ‘%~+hl%%Jw" i'likl, 2525),
25Sergei
: ~nlumm&h ma. 1917 (rqam?& 363.
Pushkarev, The Emergence of Modern Russia 1801-1917 (New York : Holt,
Rinehart and Winston, Inc., 1963), p. 227. 26Jesse D. Clarkson, A History of Russia 2nd.ed. (new York : Random House, 1969), p. 358. 27Pushkarev, loc.cit. “Clarkson,
loc.cit.
‘gSpector, op.cit., p. 162. 30Florinsky, op.cit., p. 319. 3’Spector, op.cit., p. 161. 32Pushkarev, op.cit., p. 224. %urley,
op.cit., p. 187.
34Spector, op.cit., p. 162. 35Florinsky, op.cit., p. 320. ¶JpIi 5
‘Alec Nave, An Economic Hlistory of USSR (London : The Penguin Press, 1976), p. 13. ‘Ivar Spector, An Introduction to Russian History and Culture, 5th.ed. (New York: D.Van Nostrand Company, 1969), p. 158. 3Michael
T. Florinsky, Russia : A Short History (New York : The Macmillan Company,
1969), p. 348.
%pector, opxit., pp. 277.278. ‘Paul R. Gregory, and Robert C. Stuart, Soviet Economic Structure and Performance (New York: Harper and Row, Publishers, 1974), p. 23.
EC 394
373
‘Angus Maddison, Economic Growth in Japan and the USSR (London : AIlen & Unwin Ltd., 1969), p. 92. kfpv4 UAf wpJovl, nl%=a~alscil;aPlrnw~~t~~~~~~~~t~~,
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8Maddison,
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‘Nave, op.cit., p. 18: “Maddison, op.cit., p. 91. “Sergei Pushkarev, The Emergence of Modern Russia 1801-1917 (New York : Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc:, 1963), p. 228. \ “Florinsky, op.cit., p. 351. 13~U~ Fl.B(.
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14Spector, op.cit., p. 279. “Florinsky, op.cit., p. 352. “Nave, opcit., p. 23. “Spector, op.cit., pp. 280-281. ‘8Florinsky, op.cit., pp. 354-355. lgIbid.,‘p. 355. “‘Nave. op.cit., p. 25. “Ibid. “Florinsky, opcit., p. 349. “3Pushkarev,
op.cit., 279.
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‘Harry Schwartz, Russia’s Soviet Economy (2nd ed.; New Jersey : Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1958), p. 69. ‘Ibid., p. 70. “Ibid. 41bid., pp. 86-87. ¶Jwi
7 ‘Marie Lavigne, The Socialist Economies of the Soviet Union nd Europe (London:
The Pitman Press, Bath; 1974), p. 1. %.pww
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74.
-
3Roger
Munting, The Economic Development of the USSR (New York : St. Martin’s
Press, 1982), p. 42. 4Lavigne, op.cit., p. 2. 5n.ym4 LLat a.qud, aTosa881, %+o.Gwaih,
&i 7 6 .
~9th 7 5 .
‘Munting, loc.cit. ‘Alec Nove, An Economic History of USSR (London : The Penguin Press, 1976), p.50. ‘Maurice Dobb, Soviet Ecamomic Development Since 1917 (8th.ed.; London: Routledge & Kegan
Paul, 1978), pp. 84-85. “Ibid., pp. 85-86. “Nave, op.cit., p. 53. ‘*Lavigne, op.cit., p. 3. 13Dobb,
op.cit., p. 86.
“‘Ibid., p. 87.
e
“Paul R. Gregory, and Robert C. Stuart, Soviet Economic Structure and Performance (New York : Harper and Row, Pubhshers, 1974). p. 45.
EC 394
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16David MacKenzie, and Michael W. Omen, A History of Russia and the Soviet Union (Homewood, Illinois : The Dorsey Press, 1982), p. 488. “Gregory and Stuart, op.cit., p. 44. 181bid. lgDobb, op.cit., p. 117. z”Munting, op.cit., p. 44. “Cheka &lB~~nl~~7saP&iPra~nn”?
~&.&&Ba”na~ 7 l%a?@a.t
n.a. 1917
2zLavigne, op.cit., p. 3. 23Michaei
T. Florinsky, Russia : A Short History (New York : The Macmillan Company,
1964), p. 470.
“Nave,
opcit., p. 62.
*sMacKenzie
and Curren, op.cit., p. 488.
zgPaul Dukes, A History of Russia (New York : McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1974), p. 240.
31Dobb,
opcit., p. 112.
3’Dukes, op.cit., p. 240. 332!W Z-h h.JLwTl-2 Lb% 39i0~b~eJ-dK~,
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35D .M. Sturley, A Short History of Russia (New York : Harper & Kow, Publishers, (1967), p. 255. 36Dukes, 37Sturley,
loc.cit. ioc.cit.
3sMacKenzie and Curren, loc.cit. 3gGregory and Stuart, op.cit., p. 51.
3 7 6
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“Nave,
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5’Lavigne, op.cit.. p. 7. 531bid. 54Lavigne, loc.cit. %regory 5bMunting,
and Stuart, op.cit., p. 54. loc.cit.
“Gregory and Stuart, op.cit., p. 55. S8Nove, 5givlunting,
op.cit., p. 90. op.cit., p. 54.
60a!,A bib fi%x~awiI7 LLR:
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65MacKenzie and Curren, op.cit., p. 489. EC 394
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‘Harry Schwartz, Russia’s Soviet Economy (2nd ed.; New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1958), p. 113. “Ibid., pp. 297-298. 3Paul R. Gregory, and Robert C. Stuart, Soviet Economic Structure and Performance (New York: Harper and Row, Publishers, 1974), p. 235. 4Fedor Belov, The History of a Soviet Collective Farm (New York : Frederick A. Praeger, Publishers, 1955), p. 33. ‘Paul Dukes, A History of Russia (New York : McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1974)
p. 262. 6alfl m douawm XJMlWl5 : blLl%lPalWl%,
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op.cit., p. 114.
sRobert William Davies, The Industrialisation
of Soviet Russia Vol. 1 (London:Mac-
millan, 1980), p. 203. 9aVb~ N ~YOSJW~
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“Alec Nove, An Economic History of USSR (London : The Penguin Press, 1976), p. 183.
‘*Schwartz, op.cit., p. 115. 13Dukes, loc.cit. 14Schwartz,
. .. .
loc.cit.
I
“Dukes, op.cit., p. 263. ¶.wi
9
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.378
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2525), I& 139.
4Alec Nove, An Economic .History of IJSSR (Londcn : The Penguin Press, 1976),p.225. ‘Ibid,, p. 232. ‘Ibid. ‘Paul Dukes, A History of Russia (New York : McGraw--Hill Book Company, 1974), p. 265. ‘Nave, op.cit., p. 236. gIbid., p. 238. “Ibid., p. 239. “k&~r %lOV, The History Iof a Soviet Collective Farm (New York : Frederick A. praeger, Publishers, 1955), p. 3X. “Ibid., p. 88. “Nave. op.cit., p. 242. ‘“Ibid , p. 253. ’ ‘ibid. ‘“FLpm
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“D.M. Sturley, A Short Historv
of Russia :New York Harper & Sow PubliTher<,
19671, p. 274.
‘Alec Nnve, An Economic HListory of I;YSR (London The Pengum Press, !976), p. 257. ‘loid,, p. 270. ‘ibid.
,p 271.
41bid. ‘Ibid., p. 272.
E C 394
379
61bid., p. 273. ‘Ibid., p. 274. ‘Paul Dukes, A History of Russia (New York : McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1974), p. 278. ‘Ibid. “Nave, opsit., p. 279. “Ibid., p. 283. ¶Jw; 1 1
‘Paul Dukes, A History of Russia (New York : McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1974), p. 279. *Alec Nove, An Economic History of USSR (London : The Penguin Press, 1976), p. 288. 3Harry
Schwartz, Russia’s Soviet Economy (2nd ed.; New Jersey : Prentice-Hill Inc.,
1958), p. 600. 4David MacKenzie, and Michael W. Curren, A History of Russia and the Soviet Union (Homewood, Illinois : The Dorsey Press, 1982), p. 582. ‘Nave, op.cit., p. 291. %~a~4
bm:
-J.uI~J~,
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7MacKenzie
and Curren, op.cit., pp. 582-583.
*Nave, op.cit., p. 300. ‘Ibid., p. 301. “Ibid., p. 302. “Ibid., p. 306. “Ibid., p. 307. 13Schwartz, op.cit., pp. 479-486. 14Dukes, op.cit., p. 280. “Nave, op.cit., p. 311. “Ibid., p. 340.
3 8 0
EC 394
171bid., p. 325. ‘?bid., p. 328. lgNicolas Spulber, The Soviet Economy . Structure, Principles and Problems (New York : W.W. Norton & Company Inc., 1969), p. 89. wld 1 2 lal~
bib &~uaw~s LLR: w,.q~iymT, anniwhifm
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an"naaa:~a~Gu (n;ww-
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zRoger Muting, The Econlomic Development of the USSR (New York : St. Martin’s Press, 1982). p. 132. 3J.N. Westwood, Endurance and Endeavour : Russian History 1812 : 1980 2nd.ed. (New York : Oxford University Press, 1981). p. 396. 4Alec Nove, An Economic History of USSR (London : The Penguin Press, 1976), p. 340. ‘David MacKenzie, and Michael W. Curren A History of Russia and the Soviet Union (Homewood, Illinois : The Dorsey Press, 1982), p. 595. 6MichaeI
T. Florinsky, Russia : A Short History(New York : The Macmillan Company,
1964), p. 588. 7u=EB W%WUl,
2519),
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124-125. Vi;1 125-126.
‘Westwood, loc.cit. “Florinsky,
op.cit., p. 594.
“Nave, op.cit., p. 346. “Ibid., p. 347. 13u.~~~egmG, Lb'&%lUl,
2516),
rn~a~esaa~~:msnln~a~~~~~~w~lw~~t~~~
(nq9~mwmum :
-it& 249.
14Mackenzie atid Curren, op.cit., p. 597. i5Nove, op.cit., p. 350. 161bid., p. 353.
EC 394
381
“Munting, op.cit., p. 135 ‘*Ibid., p. 147. “R.W. Davies, “Economic Planning in the USSR”, The Soviet Fxonomy : Continuity and Change (Boulder, Colorado : Westview
Press Inc., 1982), p. 30.
*‘Paul R. Gregory, and Robert C. Stuart: Soviet Economic Structure and Performance (New York : Harper and Row, Publishers, 1974), pp. 243.245. “Florinsky,
op.cit., p. 599.
“MacKenzie and Curren, op.cit., p. 643. wl; 1 3
*Marie Lavigne, The Socialipt Economies of the Soviet Union and Europe (London: The Pitman Press, Bath, 1974), pp. 115-117. 31bid.,pp.
117-118. .
41bid., p. 118. ‘Douglas B. Diamond, and Constance B. Krueger, “Recent Developments in Soviet Agriculture”, The Soviet Economy : A Book of Reading (4th ed.; lllinois: Richard D. Irwin, Inc.. 1974). p. 226. ‘Lavigne, op.cit., pp. 118-119. 71bid., p. 120. *Alec Nave, “Soviet Agriculture under Brezhnev”, The Soviet Economy : A Book of Reading (4th ed.; Illinois: Richard D. Irwin, Inc., 1974), pp. 203-204. gLavigne, op.cit., p. 113. ‘OIbid., p. 114. “Ibid.,pp.
114-115.
“Ibid., p. 113.
3 8 2
EC 394
15E.G.
Liberman, “The Economic Reform in the USSR”, The Soviet Economy : A
Hook of Reading (4th ed.; Illinois: Richard D. Irwin, Inc., 1974), p. 467. ‘“USTG aFm~lpl%,
aioGaJ,
Gil
130-131.
“R.W. Davies, “Economic Planning in the USSR”, The Soviet Economy : Continuity and Change (Boulder, Colorado : Westview
Press Inc., 1982). p. 30
“Roger Muting, The Economic Development of the USSR (New York : St.Martin’s Press, 1982), p.153. lgDavie?, op.cit., p. 31. “Liberman,
op.cit., pp. 474.475.
“Ibid., p. 475. ‘“Ibid. 231bid., p. 476. 24Lavigne, op.cit., p. 51. “Munting, loc.cit. 26Davies,
op.cit., p. 33.
“J.P. Cole, and F.C. German, A Geography of the USSR (London : Butterworth and Co (Publishers) Ltd., 1970), p. 72. *‘Ibid., pp. 72-73. “Ibid., pp. 152-153. 301bid., p. 193.
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