5. Discussion & Arguments

Figure3.

Shows the Gender Participation of the workshop Male 22 Female:18

Male: 55%

Female 18%

5. DISCUSSIONS AND ARGUMENTS

Somalia is a country in East Africa with a culturally oriented society that prevents women, marginalized people, and people with disabilities from the participation of in public and private sessions, as well as the decision-making tables organs. The restriction of women from political engagement originated from the primitive clutters and norms inside the Somalia culture that favour the male dominance in both public and private life.

Women, the marginalized, and people with disabilities in Somalia are denied universal rights as a result of this and other activities. In Somalia, stereotypes, attitudes, and beliefs drive irrational prejudice against marginalized people including persons with disabilities. Exclusion of the public services the health care, education; employment and development the situation the marginalised people in the urban and non-urban areas in the country.

Women and children Cluster: Exclusion, policy, leadership, and voting Elections

In Somalia, women and girls account for more than half of the population. They have significant challenges in terms of social and political involvement. Discrimination in decision-making organs and tables is a factor that causes them to lag behind males. It is common in a culturally oriented nation like Somalia for women to be marginalized in leadership positions.

When Somalia's civil war broke out, women and girls assumed responsibility for the household. During the time when the majority of men were fighting in civil wars, women and girls took over the public and

private sectors, mostly small businesses, where women own more than 90% of small businesses in the country, devoting all of their resources to the family's survival.

Women secured 24% out of the 30% the federal government parliament in the tenth parliament. Women's political participation in the next election, in 2021, is unclear. Some studies have found that women can reach their 30% quota, while others have found that women's roles in elections have changed or decreased, with women securing less or more than their quota.

Youth Cluster: Exclusion policy, leadership, and voting Elections

According to the national strategic plan, youngsters make up the majority of the population. More than 75% of the Somali population is under the age of 25, and officials frequently emphasize the youth, who make up the bulk of the population, in their decision-making institutions and public remarks. Majority of the national army is made up of youngsters; hence youth policy plays an important role in national security.

It is common for adolescents to be excluded from leadership positions in policy and decision-making bodies. In elections, young people make up the majority of votes for candidates who are utilized as a tool to produce leadership without the participation of young people. This demonstrates that juvenile rights are restricted to propagandist oral phrases for public discourse and election voters.

Persons with Disabilities Cluster: exclusion policy, leadership, and voting elections

Somalia has a large number of PWDs (people with disabilities), estimated to be more than 15% of the population. Primitive culture, which is extensively prevalent in the nation, portrays individuals with disabilities as misfortunes and people without a purpose or value in society. Long-standing prejudice against PWDs has created a chasm in society; education obstacles have resulted in a lack of skills, causing the majority of PWDs to live below the poverty line.

Local efforts for an inclusive for all awakening that promote the formation of Disabled People Organizations in civil society that provide basic services such as education, employment, and political involvement campaigning. As a result, Somalia signed the CRPD, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The bill for the National Disability Agency was introduced in the year 2019 and the bill for the National Disability Agency was introduced in the year 2018. The national disability legislation is now being drafted by the government.

Humanitarian Development Cluster: the IDP Displaced People exclusion policy, leadership, and voting elections

Hundreds of thousands of people have been displaced in Somalia due to conflict and natural catastrophes, and they are housed in hundreds of camps. The vast majority of these individuals rely on humanitarian aid. They were discriminated against in the election for their origin regions and the dwelling area since they were in a new location different than their home. Millions of Somalis are unable to vote for their country, which is a violation of basic human rights and the federal constitution of Somalia. These persons are at a disadvantage in terms of their displaced status.

Marginalized Community Cluster: exclusion policy, leadership, and voting elections

Hundreds of minor tribes in Somalia were denied compensation at the national meeting Art Djibut in 2000. Four main clans and one have clan shared political power and dividends in Somalia. The 4.5 in Arte Djibuti denies hundreds of tribes their rights based only on their involvement in the peace. (These clans were not involved in the civil war) The majority of these clans are victims of Somalia's decisionmakers and the international community.

Small clans of marginalized people, most of whom are professionals, produce technology, provide service, and operate in Somalia's resourceful regions. These districts, regions, and areas, which were well-known for these individuals, were either not invested in the military administration or were taken over by armed clans during the civil war.

Human Right Cluster: the Citizens exclusion policy, leadership, and voting elections

Exclusion from social and political life is a violation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Somali Federal Government Constitution, and the intentional conventions that Somalia has signed. Human rights violations are said to have occurred as a result of the 4.5 power sharing and the 30% female representation in parliament. Women have the right to run for seats with a majority of more than 30%. This is an unreasonable agreement that has to be changed.

Both the international community and the Somali government should take responsibility for ensuring that all voters, including youth, women, marginalized people, and persons with disabilities, have equal access to the nomination of electoral committees, voter selection, and electoral observation.