The History and Development of Sundials
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Colegiul Tehnic Danubiana - Roman, Romania,
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This book is a part of the common effort of our 9 schools from 9 different countries to make a success out of our Comenius multilateral project: “Science around us along history” implemented during the period of two years, 2013 – 2015. Our project aims to promote cultural and intercultural awareness between European schools as well as the awareness that the existence of diversity between European countries is important and unifies, rather than separates, countries. Nine schools from Spain, Austria, France, Italy, Poland, Romania, Sweden, Turkey and UK collaborate in carrying out activities that deal with various aspects of The History and Development of Sundials. Students between 14-18 years old, regardless of origin, gender, ability, religion and socio-economic background and teachers are actively involved in the project developing communication and friendship. This book is the result of the work of students and teachers from Colegiul Tehnic Danubiana - Roman, Romania, IES EL TABLERO – Cordoba, Spain, Istituto di Istruzione Superiore “PITAGORA” – Montalbano Jonico MT, Italy, Lycee Professionnel Andre Campa – Jurancon, France, Technikum Nr 3 w Zespole Szkół Nr 3 – Zabrze, Poland, Lidköpings kommun Barn och skola, Sweden, ZONGULDAK KOZLU LİSESİ, Turkey, Gloucestershire College – Cheltenham, UK, Bundeshandelsakademie und Bundeshandelsschule, Bundeshandelsakademie für Berufstätige- Graz, Austria.
This project has been funded by the European Commission trough Comenius Lifelong Learning Programme. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.
******************************************* Comenius multilateral partnership “Science around us along history” 2013 - 2015 2
Sundial in Romania
Cadran Solar IMG
Histria Roman 1
Magyargyerői templom szoborcsoport
Sundial of st bartholomew church in brasov
http://www.shadowspro.com/en/universal.html
SUN DIALS IN ROMANIA 3
Sundial Bridge, un proiect Calatrava
Cadranele Clujului
pe cladirea a ADRNV din Radaia
Buzias, județul Timiș - Cadran solar
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cadranul solar al casei Georg Roth Brasov)
Cadranul Solar din Gradina Botanica “Alexandru Borza” din Cluj-Napoca
Ceasul solar de la Calvaria vechea biserică din Mănăștur
Situl arheologic Sarmizegetusa, Cadranul Solar
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Ceasul solar de la Târgu-Jiu,
ualizări:: 2078Localizare geografica: România, Muntii SUREA La Sarmisegetuza Regia, capitala dacilor liberi, in Muntii Orastiei.
Cadranul solar descoperit dateaza in timpul dinastiei a XIX–a, mai exact din secolul al XIII-lea i.Hr. ,,Importanta cadranului este conferita de vechimea sa. Piesa este cu o mie de ani mai veche decat perioada in care se folosea aceasta metoda de masurare a timpului”, spune cercetatoarea Susanne Bickel de la Universitatea din Basel, Elvetia. Cadrane solare descoperite anterior dateaza din perioada greco-romana, 332 i.Hr., 395 d.Hr.
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http://cerculdestele.blogspot.ro/2012/08/unnou-cadran-solar-ecuatorial.html
cadranului solar de pe casa WolphardKakas Ceasul solar de pe casa Wolphard-Kakas din Cluj-Napoca, azi sediul Universităţii de Artă şi Design
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Bistrita
cadran solar pe zidul bisericii ortodoxe
Cadran solar din placa de aluminiulatitudine :Baia Mare sau Carei sau Arad.
ceas solar | "Sf. Bartolomeu" | Brasov
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Gherla
Biserica Evanghelica din Bistrita
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Bistrita
Ceasul de la Radaia
Cadran solar Muzeul Vasarely
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Bibliography
Earle AM (1971). Sundials and Roses of Yesterday. Rutland, VT: Charles E. Tuttle. ISBN 0-80480968-2. LCCN 74142763. Reprint of the 1902 book published by Macmillan (New York). A.P.Herbert, Sundials Old and New,Methuen & Co. Ltd, 1967. Mayall RN, Mayall MW (1994). Sundials: Their Construction and Use (3rd ed.). Cambridge, MA: Sky Publishing. ISBN 0-933346-71-9. Hugo Michnik, Theorie einer Bifilar-Sonnenuhr, Astronomishe Nachrichten, 217(5190), p. 81-90, 1923
Rohr RRJ (1996). Sundials: History, Theory, and Practice (translated by G. Godin ed.). New York: Dover. ISBN 0-486-29139-1. Slightly amended reprint of the 1970 translation published by University of Toronto Press (Toronto). The original was published in 1965 under the title Les Cadrans solaires by Gauthier-Villars (Montrouge, France).
Frederick W. Sawyer, Bifilar gnomonics, JBAA (Journal of the British Astronomical association), 88(4):334–351, 1978
Gerard L'E. Turner, Antique Scientific Instruments, Blandford Press Ltd. 1980 ISBN 0-7137-1068-3
J.L. Heilbron, The sun in the church: cathedrals as solar observatories, Harvard University Press, 2001 ISBN 978-0-674-00536-5.
Make A Sundial, (The Education Group British Sundial Society) Editors Jane Walker and David Brown, British Sundial Society 1991 ISBN 0-9518404-0
Waugh AE (1973). Sundials: Their Theory and Construction. New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 0486-22947-5.
"Illustrating Shadows", Simon Wheaton-Smith, ISBN 0-9765286-8-1, LCN: 2005900674
"Illustrating More Shadows", Simon Wheaton-Smith, both books are over 300 pages long.
Quadrent Vetus: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2002JHA….33..237K
Horary Quadrent: http://www.raco.cat/index.php/Suhayl/article/download/199578/266898
Manuscript: http://www.artfact.com/auction-lot/quadrans-vetus,-and-other-texts-on-the-constructi-584c-3lan5tbzm4
Islamic
Astronomy:
http://www.siasat.pk/forum/showthread.php?102927-Islamic-Astronomy-
Astronomical-instruments
For further information on (astrolabic) quadrants in the Islamic World see David King, Article ‘Rub” in: The encyclopedia of Islam, vol. 8 (1995), pp. 574-75.
Starteach Astronomy: http://www.starteachastronomy.com/arab.html
See
more
at:
http://traveltoeat.com/arabian-astrolabes-clocks-and-sundials-british-
museum/#sthash.kxHXwz5s.dpuf
http://www.britannica.com/clockworks/main.html
http://freepages.pavilion.net/users/aghelyar
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
(Andre E. Bouchard is the chairman of Communications ABC inc., a communications research company, and is Secretary General of the Commission des Cadrans Solaires du Quebec)
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Make your own sundial at http://www.bbc.co.uk/norfolk/kids/summer_activities/make_sundial.shtml Many interesting sundial designs http://www.sundials.co.uk/newdials.htm Sundials on the internet has many examples from all over the world http://www.sundials.co.uk/ Precession of the Equinoxes explains the way the Earth'??s rotation changes. This site has a good explanation and a useful animation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precession A comprehensive explanation of many different calendars and how they work can be found at:http://astro.nmsu.edu/~lhuber/leaphist.html For Galileo, Huygens and Harrison go to the MacTutor website: http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/ National Maritime Museum: http://www.nmm.ac.uk/index.php Jackie Carson wrote in to us to recommend this article too: http://www.timecenter.com/articles/when-time-began-the-history-and-science-of-sundials/
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