MArch Year 1 l Seafront Masteplan proposal l 2017

Ahmad Mukif, Muhammad Naim // 875035 // MARCH 1 // Dwelling Patterns

401.3 Masterplan Proposal

Eastney, Portsmouth.

table of content: 01 SITE INTRODUCTION 02 SITE ANALYSIS 03 THEMATIC RESEARCH 04 GLOBAL CRISIS 05 MASTERPLAN 06 CONCLUSION

01 site introduction 1.1 // PORTSMOUTH Portsmouth is a port city in Hampshire, England, mainly on Portsea Island, 110 km south-west of London and 31 km south-east of Southampton. It is the United Kingdom’s only island city and has a population of 822,540.

By road, Portsmouth lies 118.3 km from Central London, 79.7 km west of Brighton, and 35.9 km east of Southampton.

Portsmouth is situated primarily on Portsea Island and is the United Kingdom’s only island city, although parts of it have expanded onto the mainland in recent years

1.2 // EASTNEY Eastney is a district located in the South East corner of Portsmouth, England on Portsea Island.

- Located before the Gateway to Hayling Island via Boats.

- Portsmouth Population : 822,540 - Eastney Population (Residents per km) : 15,500 (6,800) - Brief History.

Like most of Portsea Island, until the 19th century Eastney was mostly farmland. In 1862 construction began in Eastney of a large new barracks for the Royal Marine Artillery.

Over the decades, this grew to an enormous complex. After the war, however, as the role of the Royal Marines changed, the number of personnel using the barracks fell, until by 1973 there were only 200 marines.

In 1991 the last marines left and remainder of the site was turned over to the developers.

02 site analysis

Figure Ground

Room for Growth

Macro Connection

Micro Connection

Existing Zoning

Housing Typology

Facilities Condition

SWOT analysis

03 Thematic Research

04 Global Issues

RISING SEA LEVELS// Global Warming & Sea Level Causes

Two major factors that are causing the global sea level rising. First, shrinking and melting of land ice which releases water into the oceans. Second, as ocean temperatures rise, the warmer water expands. Trapped within a basin bounded by the continents, the water has nowhere to go but up.

Rate of Rising Sea Level

Global sea level has been rising over the past century, and the rate has increased in recent decades. In 2014, global sea level was 66mm above the 1993 average—the highest annual average in the satellite record (1993-present). Sea level continues to rise at a rate of about 1/8 of 25.4mm per year.

Impact of Rising Sea Levels Consequences

Some 40 percent of the world’s population lives within 100 kilometers of the ocean, putting millions of lives and billions of dollars’ worth of property and infrastructure at risk. Like most part of Portsmouth city, Eastney would also affected by the rise of sea level. As shown in the following map, approximately in 2050, vital part of the area will be sink if the sea level rise by 1 metre.Many local would be displaced,major roads would be cut off, and people lives would be endangered if preliminary actions are not taken.

Future Flooding in Eastney 2050 - Sea Level Rise to 0.5 metre

2100 - Sea Level Rise to 1.5 metre

2150 - Sea Level Rise to 5 metre

2200 - Sea Level Rise to 10 metre

PRECEDENT : THE BIG ‘U’ PROJECT_NYC,USA_B.I.G (Bjarke Ingels Group)

BACKGROUND The low-lying topography of Lower Manhattan from West 57th St down to The Battery, and up to East 42nd St is home to approximately 220,000 residents and is the core of a $500 billion business sector that influences the world’s economy. Hurricane Sandy devastated not only the Financial District, but 95,000 low-income, elderly, and disabled city residents. Infrastructure within the 10-mile perimeter was damaged or destroyed, transportation and communication were cut off, and thousands sat without power or running water.

SEA DEFENCE In collaboration with New York City, The BIG U proposal was developed to protect Lower Manhattan from floodwater, storms, and other impacts of a changing climate. The BIG U calls for a protective system around the low-lying topography of Manhattan beginning at West 57th Street, going down to The Battery, and then back up to East 42nd Street.The proposal was conceived as 10 continuous miles of protection tailored to respond to individual neighborhood typology as well as community-desired amenities.

04 Masterplan

TOWARDS THE NEW RESILIENCE EASTNEY

MASTERPLAN VISION To Consolidate The Hinge Point of the Eastney Peninsular and to Allow the Continuity for Future Growth AIM & OBJECTIVES The rise of sea level could be seen as a catalyst of improvements and changes of the life of the local people.

The aim of the Masterplan is :- to redesign the layout of the selected site that will be affected by global rise of sea level according to Future Flood Risk Study.

- to improve quality of life for the future and existing inhabitants.

- to incorporate Sustainablity into the new masterplan.

(Walkable Masterplan)

Strategic Framework - Build up phases of the New Masterplan - To counter the rising sea levels

1- Identify

2 - Retreat

3 - Defend

4 - Relocate

5 - Expand

Strategic Approach

1- Identify The first phase of the strategic framework is to identify the type of water body surrounding the site and the crucial points of where the water could flood into the site.

There are two types of water typology surrounding the site:North part : Marshland / Wetland South : Ocean / Large body of Water Conclusion : Focus of the Sea Defence should be more on the South part of the site.

According to the future rising sea level map, by the year 2050, the water level could affect marginally the north part of the site. Few houses and connecting roads will be damaged by the flood.

The main entry point of the flooding would be from the eastern and southern parts of the site where the main water body are located. The future sea rising map indicates that by the year 2050, almost half of the site could be underwater and substantial damage throughout the site could happened.

The green area is the only zone that will remained away from the water (in 2050), but with most of the infrastructure damaged by the rising water, the whole area needed a new planning and defensive strategies.

2 - Retreat The second phase of the strategic framework would be relocating the whole existing buildings towards inland and away from danger zone.

In this phase, one of the intention is to allow the water on the north part into the site by creating a new landscape that can also act as a buffer zone.

There is also a number of derelict spaces around the site that could be use as the area to relocate the old houses.

One of the intention is to retreat away from the water and let the water to come “into� the site by creating a new landscape at the north part of the site.

The derelict areas could be the potential room for growth.

3 - Defend In the third phase, the main strategy is to defend the whole site from the future flood and prevent further land loss. There are 2 different defensive strategies throughout the site. The northern part of the site would has a less “intense� defensive infrastructure while a solid defensive approach will be applied along the southern coastline .

North Part : Softer defensive approach.

South Part : Harder defensive approach.

The Northern Defensive Strategies : 1) Allow the water into the site by creating a new shoreline.

2) Adequate Buffer zones in between the coastline and the built area.

3) Flood management system to be installed and integrated with the buffer zone area.

The Southern Defensive Approach : 1) A Solid Sea Wall along the shoreline to prevent the water into the site.

2) The new residential area would be relocate within the sea wall.

3) Activities along the sea wall.

4) The Beach is still accessible from within the wall.

4 - Relocate The fourth phase is to relocate the residential, business district, public parks, amenities and activities within and along the southern sea defence.

This is to ensure that the local inhabitants would not be affected by the future flooding.

All the development and activities will be relocated and focused along and within the defence infrastructure. This is to ensure that the local inhabitants would not be affected by the future flooding.

5 - Expand & Attack The last phase of the masterplan is Expand & Attack.

The idea behind this phase is to solve the issue of land loss. Intertwine with the demand of housing and growth of population, the new eastney masterplan will allows continuity for future growth.

New urban development also could be built on water which potentially could be connected to the proposed sea defence infrastructure to give another option of further developement.

The sea defence infrastructure could be the foundation of new vertical urban housing that allows further development in the future.

Masterplan Concept

Masterplan - Aerial View

-Sea Defence along the southern coastline - with Diagonal Structures

Spatial Diagram

Residential

Business & Parking

Recreational

Design Diagrams

1- Strategic Framework Phases

2- Programme

3 - Activities

4 - Basic Necessities

5 - Macro Access

6 - Micro Access

Concept Sections

Masterplan

Ground Floor // Scale 1:3000

Masterplan First Floor // Scale 1:3000

Key Perspective // promenade

Key Perspective // park

Ahmad Mukif, Muhammad Naim // 875035 // MARCH 1 // Dwelling Patterns

401.3 Masterplan Proposal

Eastney, Portsmouth.