The Passive Voice
Licda. Nancy L贸pez
Principal Parts Present
sit set
Past
Past Participle
sat set
8.23
sat set
The dentist set the equipment to take an x-ray. Dentist is placing the equipment. The word “equipment” is the direct object of the verb “set.”
John sat on the stone wall to eat lunch. John is resting on the wall.
Principal Parts Present
lay lie
Past
Past Participle
laid lay
8.30
laid lain
John laid the blocks on the table. He placed the blocks. “Blocks” is the direct object.
I will lie down for a nap. Lie means to recline. There is no direct object in this sentence.
Principal Parts Present
rise raise
Past
rose raised
Past Participle
risen raised
The creek rises in the early spring. Rises means the river goes to a higher position. There is no object. 8.38
Tonya raised her hand to answer the question. Raised means to lift higher. Hand is the direct object of raised. 8.39
Active sentence Christopher Colombus
America
discovered
Passive sentence by Cristopher Colombus
America was discovered
Try to make a passive sentence with these verbs: Happen Sleep Come Seem Die You can’t because they are intransitive.
FORMULATION OF A PASSIVE SENTENCE
BE: is, am, are, was, were, etc.
PAST PARTICIPLE
PASSIVE VOICE
Using the passive without the by phrase is more common.
Modal auxiliaries can also be included.
PASSIVE SENTENCE USING MODAL AUXILIARIES
Modal
BE
PAST PARTICIPLE
PASSIVE VOICE
PAST PASSIVE FORM
Modal
HAVE BEEN
PAST PARTICIPLE
PASSIVE VOICE
Sometimes the passive voice is not necessary.
NON PROGRESSIVE PASSIVE When the passive form is used to describe an existing situation or state, it is called the non- progressive passive. No action is taking place. The action happened earlier There is no –by phrase. The past participle functions as an adjective. Prepositions other than by can follow the verb. P. 229
Examples>
The door is locked. The window is broken. I am interested in Chinese art He is satisfied with his job. Ann is married to Alex. I am lost. It is gone. I am finished. I am done
Idiomatic expressions
The Passive with GET
Get gives the idea of change. ◦ I am getting hungry.
◦
Get may be followed by a past participle. The past participle functions as an adjective. They got married. They are getting divorced.
Participial Adjectives
Serve as adjectives
Past participle
Adjective with a passive meaning
Present participle
Adjective with an active meaning.
They are confused students. It is a confusing problem.